2022-2023学年湖北省襄阳市第五中学高二上学期开学考试英语试题（解析版）

这是一份2022-2023学年湖北省襄阳市第五中学高二上学期开学考试英语试题（解析版），共23页。试卷主要包含了答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名，考生必须保持答题卡的整洁等内容，欢迎下载使用。
1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名.准考证号填在答题卡上.
2.选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号，答在试题卷上无效.
3.主观题答在答题卡上每题对应的答题区域内，答在试题卷上无效.
4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁：考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分听力(共2小节;满分30分)
第一小节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.What kind f music des the wman like best?
A. Rck. B. Pp. C. R&B.
2.Whse birthday will be celebrated?
A. The manˈs. B. The manˈs wifeˈs. C. The wmanˈs.
3.Hw much des the man pay?
A. 40 cents. B. 45 cents. C. 85 cents.
4.What is the wman ding?
A. Expressing cncern. B. Asking fr advice. C. Making an aplgy.
5.Why des the wman like rain?
A. It makes air fresh. B. It makes the sky clear. C. It cls things dwn.
第二小节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6.What are the speakers mainly talking abut?
A. A wnderful jb.
B. The result f the driving test.
C. The ways f parking a car.
7.What des the man suggest the wman d?
A. Practise a bit mre.
B. Ask her cach fr help.
C. Place everything in rder.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8.Why is the man calling?
A. T call ff his appintment. B. T cnfirm his appintment. C. T reschedule his appintment.
9.When will the man see Dr. Smith?
A. Next Tuesday. B. Next Wednesday. C. Next Thursday.
10.What is the wman?
A. A secretary. B. A saleswman. C. A manager.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题
11.What is the prbable relatinship between the speakers?
A. Rmmates. B. Neighburs. C. Renter and huse-wner.
12.What causes Jim t mve ut?
A. A new jb. B. The increased rent. C. The nisy neighburs.
13.What will Jim teach?
A. Cmputer. B. English. C. Music.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题
14.On which flr is the gym?
A. First. B. Secnd. C. Third.
15.Hw des the man pay fr using the gym?
A. Fr free. B. Based n time. C. By membership card.
16.Hw lng is the gym pen every day?
A. 7 hurs. B. 12 hurs. C. 24 hurs.
17.Where are the speakers nw?
A. In the gym. B. In the elevatr. C. At the infrmatin desk.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18.Hw will Liz and her mm g frm Hng Kng t Shanghai?
A. By water. B. By land. C. By air.
19.Which city is Liz’s final destinatin?
A. Beijing. B. Tky. C. Pusan.
20.What happened t Jane’s ship tur?
A. Mst passengers fell ill.
B. All passengers had great fun.
C. All passengers were charged less.
第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
A
There are endless pprtunities t enjy fishing in the Lake District. Many f ur rivers hld gd stcks f all kinds f fish. Several f the larger lakes are particularly gd fr their carse fishing (捕捉杂鱼活动) better.
Much f the fishing within the Natinal Park is cntrlled by lcal Angling (钓鱼) Assciatins. These welcme visitrs and ffer a range f daily r weekly permits. Visitrs can als enjy fishing fr free n Windermere, Ullswater and Cnistn Water.
Things t remember when fishing:
Fr wheelchair anglers
An electric wheelchair accessible bat is available at Cnistn Bating Centre. It is adapted with a specialramp (活动坡道) t carry up t six wheelchair users. The tp speed is six mph (miles per hur), which is perfect fr wheelchair anglers
Cde f cnduct
Anglers must:
? fllw gd angling practice s that the next generatin can cntinue t enjy fishing
? fllw any lcal and /r seasnal restrictins t allw a disturbance-free perid fr vegetatin, fish, birds and ther wildlife
? nt use live bait (鱼饵)--this is banned by the Envirnment Agency as it increases the risk f intrductin f disease and pest species
Help native wildlife
Invasive (入侵的) nn-native species f wildlife can be carried arund n equipment, ftwear, clthing and bats. Yu may unintentinally spread freign creatures even if yu just g fr a paddle! Every time yu leave any water such as a river r lake, yu need t: Check-Clean-Dry
? Check yur equipment and clthing fr living rganisms.
? Pay particular attentin t damp r hard-t-inspect areas. Clean and wash all equipment ftwear and clthes thrughly. If yu d cme acrss any rganisms, leave them at the lake r river where yu fund them r n a hard surface t die ut.
? Dry all equipment and clthing. Sme species can live fr many days in damp cnditins.
1. Which place is the mst cnvenient fr disabled anglers?
A. Ullswater.B. Windermere.
C. Cnistn Water.D. The Natinal Park.
2. What shuld peple d while fishing in the Lake District?
A. Avid using live wrms as bait.
B. Stay away frm wild animals.
C. Take enugh clthing t keep warm.
D. Watch ut fr pest species all the time.
3. Hw can anglers ensure they dn’t carry freign creatures?
A. By keeping their clthing dry all the time.
B. By abandning wet persnal things at the scene.
C. By ging fr a paddle nly in the bigger rivers and lakes.
D. By cleaning and drying their equipment and clthing after fishing.
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。本文主要介绍了在英国湖区钓鱼时需要注意的一些事项。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据 Fr wheelchair anglers 部分的 “An electric wheelchair accessible bat is available at Cnistn Bating Centre. (科尼斯顿划船中心提供电动轮椅无障碍船。)”可知， Cnistn Water 有可以使用轮椅的无障碍船，残疾人更方便。故选 C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据 Cde f cnduct 部分的“●nt use live bait (鱼饵) — this is banned by he Envirnment Agency as it increases the risk f intrductin f disease and pest species (不使用活物当鱼饵——这是环境署禁止的，因为它增加了引入病虫害物种的风险。)”可知，湖区里禁止使用活虫作诱饵。故选 A。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据 Help native wildlife 部分的“Clean and wash all equipment ftwear and clthes thrughly. If yu d cme acrss any rganisms, leave them at the lake r river where yu fund them r n a hard surface t die ut.(彻底清洁和清洗所有设备鞋类和衣物。如果你真的遇到了任何生物，把它们留在你发现它们的湖里或河里，或者放在坚硬的表面上让它们灭绝。)”和“● Dry all equipment and clthing. Sme species can live fr many days in damp cnditins.(干燥所有设备和衣物。有些物种可以在潮湿的条件下生存很多天。)”可知，垂钓者在捕鱼后清洁和干燥其设备和衣物可以确保他们不携带外来生物。故选D。
B
Tufa grew up in Australia, s she culdn't understand why her father insisted n teaching her Orm, a language spken in Ethipia.
“Dad never spke abut his life back in Ethipia and yet he insisted n teaching us this language," Tufa said. “There were s many resurces at my fingertips fr the ther languages I was learning and s many peple that speak them. But when Dad was teaching us Orm, there were n textbks r learning materials at all. And that struck me as really strange."
But as Tufa gt lder and began ding her wn research, she discvered why speaking abut Orm was s painful fr her father. The Orm are the largest racial grup f Ethipia. But since their land was seized in the 1880s, the peple have suffered a lt. The Orm language was banned, including frm plitical life and schls. Orm texts were destryed. Tufa's father, an Orm, fled t Egypt and, in the late 1970s, he was given asylum（庇护）in Australia.
By the time the Orm ban was lifted, Tufa's father had established a small, private Orm schl in Melburne t teach the language t the children f asylum seekers. As she helped t teach the students, Tufa realised the teaching resurces were awful. She decided t create psters and wrksheets fr her father's students, using her wn mney t get them printed.
Three ther Orm schls that had pened in Victria by then heard abut the materials and all f them wanted cpies. Tufa realised that if there was a demand fr Orm child educatin materials in Australia, there must be ther cmmunities arund the wrld where resurces were als needed.
She launched a crwdfunding campaign s she culd print mre Orm learning materials. By the end f 2014, in just six weeks, she had raised almst $125,000. Wrd f her prject spread. Her resurces have als fund their way t Ethipia, with peple sending cpies t family members wh still live there. This year, she plans t launch an nline stre fr her publishing cmpany.
4. What did Tufa feel strange abut when learning Orm?
A. Her father's life in Ethipia.
B. Her father's way f teaching.
C. The lack f learning materials.
D. The appearance f ther languages.
5. What is the purpse f the third paragraph?
A. T explain a reasn.
B. T give an example.
C. T present an argument.
D. T clear a misunderstanding.
6. Hw did Tufa meet the increasing demand fr Orm learning materials?
A. She crwdfunded.
B. She turned t his father.
C. She dipped int her wn pcket.
D. She created psters and wrksheets.
7. What is the passage mainly abut?
A. Why the Orm suffered in Ethipia.
B. Where the Orm language is taught.
C. Hw a girl helps t keep Orm alive.
D. What schls need in teaching Orm.
【答案】4. C 5. A 6. A 7. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了女孩Tufa为帮助父亲教学几近消亡的奥罗莫语而自行制订和印刷教材，并通过众筹等方式让这些教材能被更多人使用的故事。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句“But when Dad was teaching us Orm, there were n textbks r learning materials at all. And that struck me as really strange.”(但当爸爸教我们奥罗莫语时，根本没有教科书或学习材料。这让我觉得很奇怪。)可知，Tufa对学习奥罗莫语时缺乏学习资料感到奇怪。故选C。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“But as Tufa gt lder and began ding her wn research, she discvered why speaking abut Orm was s painful fr her father.”(但随着Tufa长大并开始自己的研究，她发现了为什么说起奥罗莫会让她的父亲如此痛苦。 )可知，第三段是为了解释原因。故选A。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句“She launched a crwdfunding campaign s she culd print mre Orm learning materials.”(她发起了一项众筹活动，这样她就可以印刷更多的奥罗莫语学习材料。)可知，Tufa通过众筹满足对奥罗莫语学习材料不断增长的需求。故选A。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Tufa grew up in Australia, s she culdn't understand why her father insisted n teaching her Orm, a language spken in Ethipia.”(Tufa在澳大利亚长大，所以她不明白为什么她的父亲坚持教她奥罗莫语，一种埃塞俄比亚人说的语言。)可知，文章前两段是讲Tufa的父亲坚持教她奥罗莫语，这让她无法理解。根据第三段第一句 “But as Tufa gt lder and began ding her wn research, she discvered why speaking abut Orm was s painful fr her father.”(但随着Tufa长大并开始自己的研究，她发现了为什么说起奥罗莫会让她的父亲如此痛苦。)可知，第三段讲述了背后的原因，表明因为国家领土被占领，奥罗莫语被禁止，几近消亡。根据第四段最后两句 “As she helped t teach the students, Tufa realised the teaching resurces were awful. She decided t create psters and wrksheets fr her father's students, using her wn mney t get them printed.”(当她帮助教学生时，Tufa意识到教学资源很糟糕。她决定为她父亲的学生制作海报和活页练习题，用自己的钱印刷 。)可知，Tufa为了帮助学生学习奥罗莫语，自己制订并印刷了教学材料。根据第五段最后一句 “Tufa realised that if there was a demand fr Orm child educatin materials in Australia, there must be ther cmmunities arund the wrld where resurces were als needed.”(Tufa意识到，如果澳大利亚对奥罗莫儿童教育材料有需求，那么世界上一定有其他社区也需要这些资源。 )和第六段第一句 “She launched a crwdfunding campaign s she culd print mre Orm learning materials. ”(她发起了一项众筹活动，这样她就可以印刷更多的奥罗莫学习材料。)可知，为了满足更多的需求，Tufa发起了一项众筹活动来印刷更多的奥罗莫学习材料。根据第六段最后两句 “Her resurces have als fund their way t Ethipia, with peple sending cpies t family members wh still live there. This year, she plans t launch an nline stre fr her publishing cmpany.”(她的资源也传到了埃塞俄比亚，人们把印刷本寄给仍住在那里的家人。今年，她计划为自己的出版公司开设一个网上商店 。)可知，此处是讲Tufa的奥罗莫学习材料的发展现状良好，日益壮大。所以这篇文章主要是讲女孩Tufa通过努力帮助奥罗莫语重获新生。故选C。
C
Pincchi may be just a children’s stry, but Spanish scientists at the University f Granada recently investigated the s-called “Pincchi effect” and fund that ur nses dn’t grw lnger when we tell a lie, but actually get a little bit smaller.
Dr. Gómez Milán and his team develped a lie detectr test that used thermal (热成像的) cameras t tell if peple were lying, and fund that whenever participants in their research were being untruthful, the temperature f their nse drpped up t 1.2℃, while the temperature f their frehead increased up t 1.5℃. They als fund that drp in temperature at nse level actually caused it t becme slightly smaller, althugh the difference culd nt be seen by the human eye. “One has t think in rder t lie, which raises the temperature f the frehead,” Dr. Gómez Milán explained the findings. “At the same time we feel anxius, which lwers the temperature f the nse.”
Fr this study, researchers asked a number f 60 students t perfrm varius tasks while being scanned by thermal cameras. One f these tasks invlved making a 3-t-4-minute call t their parents, partners r friends and telling an imprtant lie. Participants had t make up the lie themselves during the call, and the thermal cameras picked up this “ppsite Pincchi effect” caused by the changes in temperature in the nse and frehead.
Interestingly, the thermal lie detectr picked up the temperature difference in 80 percent f test participants, which is a better rate f success than that f any mdern lie detectr used by the plice. “With this methd we have increased accuracy and reduce the chances f ‘false psitives’, smething that is frequent with ther methds,” said Dr. Gómez Milán, wh added that plice culd ne day cmbine ther lie detectin technlgy with their technlgy t achieve better results.
8. Why did the temperature f the participants’ freheads g up during the test?
A. They felt ashamed.B. They had t think hard.
C. They were scared.D. They gt embarrassed.
9. What phenmenn des the “ppsite Pincchi effect” refer t?
A. The nse becmes smaller.B. The nse gets lnger.
C. The temperature gets higher.D. The temperature remains the same.
10. What can we learn abut the research?
A. The thermal lie detectr may assist the plice.
B. The thermal lie detectr has prven a ppular ne.
C. Researchers cnducted the study by interviewing.
D. Researchers designed different lies fr participants.
11. Which might be the best title fr the text?
A. Will Lie Detectrs Tell the Truth?B. Will Thermal Technlgy Be Reliable?
C. Will Lying Make Yur Nse Lnger?D. Will Lying Make Yur Temperature Rise?
【答案】8. B 9. A 10. A 11. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了西班牙科学家最近发现的一个“反皮诺曹效应”：人们在撒谎的时候，鼻子不是变长，而是变小。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的倒数第二句中“One has t think in rder t lie, which raises the temperature f the frehead.”（一个人必须思考才能撒谎，这会提高额头的温度。）可知，被试在测试中额头温度升高是因为他们在仔细思考。故选B项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。匹诺曹的故事里，匹诺曹撒谎时，鼻子会变长，但是根据第一段“Pincchi may be just a children’s stry, but Spanish scientists at the University f Granada recently investigated the s-called ‘Pincchi effect’ and fund that ur nses dn’t grw lnger when we tell a lie, but actually get a little bit smaller.”（匹诺曹兴许只是儿童故事，但是格拉纳达大学的西班牙科学家最近研究了所谓的“匹诺曹效应”，发现我们说谎时鼻子不会长，但实际上会缩小一点。）可知，研究发现撒谎时鼻子会缩小，与匹诺曹的故事相反，说明“反匹诺曹效应”指的是说谎时鼻子会缩小。故选A项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的最后一句“‘With this methd we have increased accuracy and reduce the chances f ‘false psitives’, smething that is frequent with ther methds,’ said Dr. Gómez Milán, wh added that plice culd ne day cmbine ther lie detectin technlgy with their technlgy t achieve better results”（戈麦斯·米兰博士说：“我们用这种方法提高了测谎准确率，降低了误报的发生率，而其他方法经常会出现误报。”他还说，警察可能有一天能够把热成像技术和其他测谎技术结合起来以达到更准确的结果。）可知，如果警察日后能够将热成像技术和其他测谎技术结合起来，那么就会有更好的结果，说明热成像测谎仪也许能够帮助警察。故选A项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其是第一段“Pincchi may be just a children’s stry, but Spanish scientists at the University f Granada recently investigated the s-called ‘Pincchi effect’ and fund that ur nses dn’t grw lnger when we tell a lie, but actually get a little bit smaller.”（匹诺曹兴许只是儿童故事，但是格拉纳达大学的西班牙科学家最近研究了所谓的“匹诺曹效应”，发现我们说谎时鼻子不会长，但实际上会缩小一点。）可知，文章由匹诺曹为切入点，介绍了一个研究，该研究发现人在撒谎时鼻尖温度会降低，这会导致鼻子稍微变小——这就是“反匹诺曹效应”。所以C项“撒谎会让你的鼻子变长吗？”最适合作为本文标题。故选C项。
D
They say prcrastinatin is the thief f time — actually deadlines are. New research has fund that if yu want smene t help yu ut with smething, it is best nt t set a deadline at all. But if yu d set a deadline, make it shrt.
Prfessr Stephen Knwles tested the effect f deadline length n task cmpletin fr their research. Participants were invited t cmplete an nline survey cncerning a charity dnatin. They were given either ne week, ne mnth, r n deadline t respnd. Prfessr Knwles says althugh the tpic f the survey is abut charity, the results are true f any situatin where smene asks anther persn fr help.
The study fund respnses t the survey were lwest fr the ne-mnth deadline and highest when n deadline was specified. N deadline and the ne- week deadline led t many early respnses, while a lng deadline appeared t give peple permissin t prcrastinate, and then frget. Prfessr Knwles wasn’t surprised t find that specifying a shrter deadline increased the chances f receiving a respnse cmpared t a lnger deadline. Hwever, he did find it interesting that they received the mst respnses when n deadline was specified.
“We interpret this as evidence that specifying a lnger deadline, as ppsed t a shrt deadline r n deadline at all, remves the urgency t act,” he says. “Peple therefre put ff undertaking the task, and since they are inattentive r frget, pstpning it results in lwer respnse rates.”
He says f the research that it is pssible that nt specifying a deadline might still have led participants t assume that there is an unspken deadline. Prfessr Knwles hpes his research can help reduce the amunt f prcrastinating peple d. “Many peple prcrastinate. They have the best intentins f helping smene ut, but just d nt get arund t ding it. ”
12. Why did Prfessr Knwles d the research?
A. T study the rle a deadline plays in prcrastinatin.
B. T find ut whether peple are interested in charity.
C. T attract public attentin t the effects f prcrastinatin.
D. T test the effect f prcrastinatin n task cmpletin.
13. What mst likely leads t prcrastinatin?
A. N deadlines.B. Shrt deadlines.C. Specific deadlines.D. Lng deadlines.
14. What’s the attitude f Prfessr Knwles t the findings f the study?
A. Interested.B. Cnservative.C. Cnfused.D. Unsurprised.
15. Which f the fllwing is the clsest in meaning t the underlined wrd “inattentive”？
A. carelessB. unimprtantC. lazyD. difficult
【答案】12. A 13. D 14. D 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人们拖延与设定截止日期的时间长短有关。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Prfessr Stephen Knwles tested the effect f deadline length n task cmpletin fr their research. (Stephen Knwles教授在他们的研究中测试了截止日期长度对任务完成的影响)”可推知，Stephen Knwles教授做这项研究是为了研究设定截止日期对拖延这一行为的影响。故选A。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“N deadline and the ne- week deadline led t many early respnses, while a lng deadline appeared t give peple permissin t prcrastinate, and then frget. (没有截止日期和一周的截止日期导致了许多早期的回复，而较长的截止日期似乎允许人们拖延，然后忘记)”可知，设定很长的截止日期最有可能导致拖延。故选D。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“Prfessr Knwles wasn’t surprised t find that specifying a shrter deadline increased the chances f receiving a respnse cmpared t a lnger deadline.( Knwles教授毫不惊讶地发现，与较长的截止日期相比，指定较短的截止日期会增加收到回复的机会)”可推知，Knwles教授对这项研究结果的态度是不惊讶的。故选D。
【15题详解】
词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“Peple therefre put ff undertaking the task, and since they are (因此，人们推迟了任务，因为他们)”以及后文“r frget, pstpning it results in lwer respnse rates (或者忘记，推迟任务会导致较低的回复率)”可知，此处指由于人们疏忽或忘记，人们会推迟完成任务，推迟任务会导致较低的回复率。故画线词意思是“疏忽的”。故选A。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Fd is part f wh we are. We all need it, survive because f it and derive happiness frm it. S if fd matters s much, why d we let s much f it g rtten in ur fridges, r get thrwn ut in ur stres? Sadly, we lve fd, but we dn’t take care f it. ____16____ Here are ways t help us lve ur fd better and grw respect fr the wrld behind what we eat.
• Reduce yur fd waste.
Buy nly the fd yu need, stre fd wisely, dnate excess and turn leftver fd int the next day’s meals. When we waste fd, all the resurces used fr grwing, prcessing, transprting and marketing that fd are wasted t. ____17____
• Supprt yur lcal fd prducers.
Chefs get awards, stars and recgnitin fr their creatins. But what abut ur farmers? ____18____ Shp at yur lcal markets and get t knw yur farmers. Giving them yur business is giving them yur recgnitin and respect.
• Adpt a healthier, mre sustainable diet.
____19____ We get energy and maintain health frm gd fd. We nrmally dn’t care the pwer that fd and nutritin have ver ur bdies. T much f it r t much f nly ne kind f it, can lead t besity, deficiencies r diet-related diseases.
• ____20____
By treating each meal with pride, we respect the farmers wh prduced it, and the resurces that went int it. Respect can be passed n. Talk t the peple arund and t the next generatin abut making infrmed, healthy and sustainable fd chices.
Respecting fd means appreciating the back-stry f fd. When we knw the full picture, it is easier t see what ur fd really stands fr and hw precius it really is.
A Have a cnversatin.
B. Learn where fd cmes frm.
C. Our bdies cnsume calries and nutrients.
D. Fr many peple n the planet, fd is giving.
E. Fd is s much mre than what is n ur plates.
F. One third f all fd prduced glbally is lst r wasted.
G. Withut them, we wuldn’t have the fresh fd we need n a daily basis.
【答案】16. F 17. E 18. G 19. C 20. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了我们都需要食物，因为它而生存，并从中获得幸福；但是食物浪费的现象过于严重。文章提出了可以帮助我们更好地爱惜我们的食物，并培养对我们所吃食物背后的世界的尊重的几个方法。
【16题详解】
根据前文“Sadly, we lve fd, but we dn’t take care f it.(可悲的是，我们喜欢食物，但我们没有照顾它。)”提到“我们”并不珍惜食物，由此可推知，设空句应是再一次用实例证实这一观点，以增加可信度。选项F“One third f all fd prduced glbally is lst r wasted.(全球生产的粮食有三分之一被损失或浪费。)”用数字举例的方式对前文观点进行了例证，符合分析。故选F项。
【17题详解】
设空句在段末，应是对前文内容的总结。根据前文“When we waste fd, all the resurces used fr grwing, prcessing, transprting and marketing that fd are wasted t.(当我们浪费食物时，所有用于种植、加工、运输和销售这些食物的资源也被浪费了。)”可知，浪费食物的所带来的是一系列的浪费，因此，设空句应总结强调“食物的意义”。选项E“Fd is s much mre than what is n ur plates.(食物远不止是我们盘子里的东西。)”用“s much mre than what is n ur plates(比我们盘子里的要多得多)”概括了前文提及的“all the resurces used fr grwing, prcessing, transprting and marketing(所有用于种植、加工、运输和销售的资源)”，前后衔接紧密，符合分析。故选E项。
【18题详解】
根据该部分主题“Supprt yur lcal fd prducers.(支持当地的食品生产商。)”可知，该部分强调支持“食品生产者”，且前文“But what abut ur farmers?(但是我们的农民呢?)”提及了农民，那么可推知，设空句应解释农民的重要性。选项G“Withut them, we wuldn’t have the fresh fd we need n a daily basis.(没有他们，我们就不会有我们每天需要的新鲜食物。)”用双重否定句强调了农民的重要性，在句意上贴合该部分主题，符合分析。故选G项。
【19题详解】
根据该部分主题“Adpt a healthier, mre sustainable diet.(采用更健康、更可持续的饮食。)”可知，该部分强调健康饮食，设空句为该段首句，应进一步解释为何要健康饮食。选项C“Our bdies cnsume calries and nutrients.(我们的身体消耗热量和营养。)”提出身体需要消耗热量和营养，健康的饮食才能给与这些营养，因此，该句是对主题句的进一步解释，同时，“calries”，“nutrients”与后文“We get energy and maintain health frm gd fd.(我们从好的食物中获得能量和保持健康。)”中“energy”相呼应，前后衔接紧密。故选C项。
【20题详解】
设空句为标题句。根据后文“Talk t the peple arund and t the next generatin abut making infrmed, healthy and sustainable fd chices.(和周围的人以及下一代谈谈如何做出明智、健康和可持续的食物选择。)”可知，该段强调“与人谈论明智，健康和可持续的饮食”，因此，设空句作为标题，应突出核心词汇“谈论”。选项A“Have a cnversatin.(进行交谈。)”与后文“Talk t…”相呼应，在句意上概括主题，在词汇上出现复现，符合分析。故选A项。
第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
“New Recruits Wanted.” This sign caught my eye and revived (重新唤起）the dream I had since my childhd. But, just as quickly, I ___21___ myself that I was getting clse t sixty. ___22___ fr a while,I finally entered the hall and filled ut an applicatin.
My dream f becming a(n) ___23___ began when I watched the televisin shw Rescue 8, filmed with the cperatin f the Ls Angeles Fire Department___24___,a career in cnstructin and a family t raise gt in the way f wrking fr the lcal fire department.Nw,in anticipatin f ___25___,my wife and I had just relcated t a beautiful village near Seattle. I had time t give.
T my ___26___ , I was accepted fr training. Yes, I was the ldest recruit, and it was s tugh that I was ready t ___27___ ne day.When I gt hme frm___28___ that day,a friend came ver. I was abut t say I culdn't d it anymre when he passed me a beautifully-illustrated bk f firefighters in___29___,with a persnalized message f inspiratin, ___30___ me t fllw my dream. As I lked thrugh the pages, I felt amazed at the curage and ___31___ f these brave individuals. It gave me the strength I needed t ___32___.
Over the next few weeks,the training cntinued t be ___33___, but I never lst fcus again. I lst twenty punds, but ___34___ I was certificated as a firefighter. And nw I can drive the big red trucks and serve my cmmunity. When mst f my friends are retiring, I'm starting a new career I lve. And I knw that yu're never t ld t take n new___35___; never t ld t fllw yur dreams.
21. A. cmfrtedB. cnvincedC. remindedD. warned
22. A. PreparingB. LkingC. WaitingD. Hesitating
23. A. athleteB. sldierC. firefighterD. pliceman
24. A. UnfrtunatelyB. UndubtedlyC. ThankfullyD. Hpefully
25. A. graduatinB. retirementC. prmtinD. registratin
26. A. disappintmentB. reliefC. puzzlementD. delight
27. A. hld utB. drp utC. make utD. wrk ut
28. A. trialB. wrkC. practiceD. exercise
29. A. actinB. rderC. chargeD. demand
30. A. allwingB. requiringC. persuadingD. encuraging
31. A. ambitinB. devtinC. industryD. intelligence
32. A. stand utB. catch upC. carry nD. take ff
33. A. intenseB. cmpetitiveC. cmplicatedD. rewarding
34. A. instantlyB. unexpectedlyC. eventuallyD. surprisingly
35. A. ideasB. psitinsC. tasksD. challenges
【答案】21. C 22. D 23. C 24. A 25. B 26. D 27. B 28. C 29. A 30. D 31. B 32. C 33. A 34. C 35. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了快60岁的作者决定参加消防员训练，虽然曾想过放弃，但是最终获得了消防证书的故事。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是，我很快又提醒自己，我已经快60岁了。A. cmfrted安慰；B. cnvinced说服；C. reminded提醒；D. warned警告。根据后文“myself that I was getting clse t sixty.”可知作者提醒自己快60岁了。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：犹豫了一会儿，我终于走进大厅，填了一份申请表。A. Preparing准备；B. Lking看；C. Waiting等待；D. Hesitating犹豫。作者想到自己快60岁了，所以犹豫了一会儿才下决心。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我成为一名消防员的梦想始于我看了电视节目《救援8》，这部电视剧是由洛杉矶消防局合作拍摄的。A. athlete运动员；B. sldier士兵；C. firefighter消防员；D. pliceman警察。根据后文“the Ls Angeles Fire Department”可知作者想成为消防员。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，建筑业的职业和要抚养的家庭妨碍了我为当地消防部门工作。A. Unfrtunately不幸地；B. Undubtedly确实地；C. Thankfully感谢地；D. Hpefully有希望地。根据后文“a career in cnstructin and a family t raise gt in the way f wrking fr the lcal fire department”可知，不幸的是，建筑业的职业和要抚养的家庭妨碍了我为当地消防部门工作。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，为了退休，我和妻子刚搬到西雅图附近的一个美丽的村庄。A. graduatin毕业；B. retirement退休；C. prmtin提拔；D. registratin注册。结合上文提到作者快60岁了，可知是退休了，和妻子刚搬到西雅图附近的一个美丽的村庄。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：令我高兴的是，我被接受了训练。A. disappintment失望；B. relief安慰；C. puzzlement困惑；D. delight高兴。根据后文“I was accepted fr training.”可知作者被接受了，所以很高兴。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：是的，我是年龄最大的新兵，工作太难了，以至于有一天我都准备退出了。A. hld ut坚持；B. drp ut退出；C. make ut理解；D. wrk ut解决。根据上文“it was s tugh that I was ready t”可知工作太难，作者想退出。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析句意：那天当我练习完回家时，一个朋友过来了。A. trial试验；B. wrk工作；C. practice练习；D. exercise锻炼。呼应上文“I was accepted fr training”指练习完，故选C。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我正打算说我再也不能这样做的时候，他递给我一本绘有精美插图的消防员行动的书，书中还附有个性化的激励信息，鼓励我追随自己的梦想。A. actin行动；B. rder订单；C. charge收费；D. demand要求。根据上文“a beautifully-illustrated bk f firefighters in”可知这本书里描绘消防员行动。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我正打算说我再也不能这样做的时候，他递给我一本绘有精美插图的消防员行动的书，书中还附有个性化的激励信息，鼓励我追随自己的梦想。A. allwing允许；B. requiring需要；C. persuading说服；D. encuraging鼓励。根据上文“me t fllw my dream”可知书上的信息鼓励作者追随梦想。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我翻阅时，我对这些勇敢的人的勇气和奉献精神感到惊讶。A. ambitin野心；B. devtin奉献；C. industry工业；D. intelligence智力。根据后文“f these brave individuals”此处指消防员的奉献精神。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：它给了我坚持下去的力量。A. stand ut突出；B. catch up赶上；C. carry n继续，坚持；D. take ff起飞。根据上文“It gave me the strength I needed t”可知作者从书里得到了坚持下去的力量。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的几周里，训练继续紧张，但我再也没有失去注意力。A. intense强烈的；B. cmpetitive竞争的；C. cmplicated复杂的；D. rewarding值得的。根据上文“the training cntinued t be”可知训练继续紧张进行了。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我瘦了20磅，但最终我获得了消防证书。A. instantly立即；B. unexpectedly意外地；C. eventually终于；D. surprisingly令人惊讶地。根据后文“I was certificated as a firefighter”可知作者最终获得了消防证书。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我知道你们永远不会因为老而不能接受新的挑战；追逐梦想永远不嫌老。A. ideas想法；B. psitins位置；C. tasks任务；D. challenges挑战。作者60岁时追随自己的梦想，所以此处指永远不会因为老而不能接受新的挑战。故选D。
第二节(共10小题; 每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Sustainable turism, which is becming increasingly ppular nwadays, is nt just abut seeing the sights — it is als abut cnnecting with peple and their cultures, ____36____ (make) a psitive impact n the places we visit and enhancing pprtunities fr the future. S, ____37____ can we be sustainable turists?
It is imprtant t travel in ____38____ envirnmentally friendly manner. Getting t a turist destinatin by airplane, which greatly ____39____ (increase) ur carbn ftprint, has a huge impact n the glbal envirnment. While aviding flying is nt always ____40____ (practice), we can help imprve the envirnment by travelling n lcal public transprt r even n ft wherever pssible. When at the htel, we can reduce ur impact by cutting back n water cnsumptin and nt having ur bedding and twels ____41____ (wash) every day. We als need t prtect the lcal culture. When visiting temples r churches, ____42____ a strict dress cde may ____43____ (require), we shuld dress apprpriately. While travelling, we shuld respect the right t privacy. We must ask fr ____44____ (permit) befre taking pictures f the lcal peple, wh are human beings and nt _____45_____ display.
In summary, being a sustainable turist cmes dwn t respect — fr nature, culture and peple.
【答案】36 making
37. hw 38. an
39. increases
40. practical
41. washed 42. where
43. be required
44. permissin
45 n
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述我们如何才能成为可持续的游客。
【36题详解】
考查现在分词。句意：如今，可持续旅游越来越受欢迎，它不仅仅是观光，它还与人们和他们的文化建立联系，对我们访问的地方产生积极的影响，并为未来增加机会。设空处为非谓语，和逻辑主语Sustainable turism之间是主动关系，应用现在分词作状语，故填making。
【37题详解】
考查疑问词。句意：那么，我们如何才能成为可持续的游客呢？分析可知，设空处为特殊疑问句的疑问词，表方式，故填hw。
【38题详解】
考查冠词。句意：以环保的方式旅行是很重要的。设空处修饰名词manner，为可数名词单数，应用不定冠词修饰，空后的envirnmentally以元音音素开头，故填an。
【39题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：乘飞机去旅游目的地，会大大增加我们的碳足迹，对全球环境有巨大的影响。设空处是从句谓语，根据主句的时态可知为一般现在时，从句的主语指代先行词Getting t a turist destinatin by airplane，谓语要用单数形式，故填increases。
【40题详解】
考查形容词。句意：虽然不坐飞机不太现实，但我们可以尽可能乘坐当地的公共交通工具，甚至步行来帮助改善环境。设空处接在be动词之后应用形容词作表语，故填practical。
【41题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：当我们在酒店的时候，我们可以通过减少水的消耗和每天不清洗我们的床上用品和毛巾来减少我们的影响。短语让某事被做，用have sth. dne，过去分词为宾语补足语，和宾语之间是被动关系，故填washed。
【42题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：参观寺庙或教堂时，可能会有严格的着装要求，我们应该穿着得体。分析可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，指代先行词temples r churches，在从句中作地点状语，故填where。
【43题详解】
考查语态。句意：同上。设空处接在情态动词后，应用动词原形，主语和谓语之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，故填be required。
【44题详解】
考查名词。句意：在给当地人拍照之前，我们必须征得他们的同意，他们是人，不是展品。设空处接在介词fr后，应用名词形式且名词permissin为不可数名词，故填permissin。
【45题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：同上。短语n display，意为“展出”，根据句意，故填n。
第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假设你校英语社团举办以“汉语热”为主题的征文活动，请你以“Chinese: a language fr life”为题，写一篇英语短文。内容包括：
1. 介绍“汉语热”这一现象；
2. 分析“汉语热”的原因；
3. 预测“汉语热”的未来。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Chinese: a language fr life
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【答案】Chinese: a language fr life
With the develpment f ur ecnmy, China is playing mre and mre imprtant rle in the wrld, which attracts many freigners frm different cuntries t cme r t learn Chinese.
They admire and appreciate ur culture and histry, s they cnsider it necessary t learn Chinese well. They think it is a way t knw mre abut China. Besides, they can pssess a gd chance and an advantage t live r wrk in China if they can speak Chinese fluently and accurately. Chinese is becming really ppular amng thse wh want t seek frtune in China.
It is bvius that ur cuntry is well recgnized and is getting pwerful internatinally, f which we Chinese really feel prud.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于说明文。假设你校英语社团举办以“汉语热”为主题的征文活动，请你以“Chinese: a language fr life”为题，写一篇英语短文。
【详解】1.词汇积累
吸引：attract→appeal
必要的：necessary→essential
显然：bvius→apparent
此外：besides→in additin
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：They admire and appreciate ur culture and histry, s they cnsider it necessary t learn Chinese well.
拓展句：Admiring and appreciating ur culture and histry, they cnsider it necessary t learn Chinese well.
【点睛】[高分句型1] With the develpment f ur ecnmy, China is playing mre and mre imprtant rle in the wrld, which attracts many freigners frm different cuntries t cme r t learn Chinese. (运用了非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] Besides, they can pssess a gd chance and an advantage t live r wrk in China if they can speak Chinese fluently and accurately. (运用了条件状语从句)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
There was a huge pnd just a few kilmeters frm where we stayed. Since mving int ur new hme in the cuntryside, my brther, Jim and I used t ften sneak ut t the pnd where we wuld meet anther friend. Mm had warned us nt t get clse t the pnd, especially after a friend infrmed her that an alligatr(鳄鱼) had been sptted there. We ignred her advice thugh.
On this particular afternn, the three f us had fun in the pnd. As evening apprached, we finished swimming. Jim and Syed were unwillingly making their way twards the place where they had left their clthes. I stayed back and was bathing in the water when I suddenly became aware f ripples(涟漪) frming n the surface f the water. I raised my head and lked at the ripples. My eyes caught a mtin in the water. A lg, I thught. Then I saw it—its scary nse and its tw mean eyes. “Jim…” I cried. Then I screamed with all my might.
Jim turned his head in my directin and immediately recgnized the danger. “Get ut f the water, Jeff. Hurry! It’s just behind yu.”
I waded(瞠水) clumsily(笨拙地) in the water. With great effrt, I reached the edge f the pnd. I lked ver my shulder. Mving quickly twards me was a huge alligatr. I frze. Then suddenly I felt a great pain in my leg. Meanwhile, Jim and Syed screamed and started thrwing stnes at the alligatr and managed t distract it. The alligatr went fr them nw. As it pened its jaws, I culd see its sharp teeth. I tried t mve but a pain sht thrugh me. I was in a pl f bld. Jim and Syed were scared.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I was abut t give up struggling when I thught f the tw hunters wh passed by just a mment ag.
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When I wke up, I fund myself in a ttally unfamiliar envirnment, a hspital.
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【答案】I was abut t give up struggling when I thught f the tw hunters wh passed by just a mment ag. I shuted t Jim and Syed, “Run t the hunters quickly. They can help me.” Waking frm the dream, Jim rushed away like an arrw. Syed cntinued t thrw stnes at the alligatr and I cntinued t fight against it. Luckily, in a few minutes, Jim and the tw hunters arrived. One f the hunter fired a sht in the air. It had the desired effect. The alligatr wund its way away in the water. Then, I passed ut.
When I wke up, I fund myself in a ttally unfamiliar envirnment, a hspital. Mm std ver me. Seeing her, tears flded dwn. Later I learned frm my mther that I was rushed t the hspital by the kind hunters. My eyes began t water again. I made an aplgy t Mm. She ran her fingers n my face and wiped my tears. Mm reminded me f hw frtunate I was t have escaped frm the jaws f the alligatr. It was a narrw escape.
【解析】
【导语】本文以地点和人物为线索展开，讲述了作者忽视妈妈的警告，和朋友一起在危险的池塘里游泳，结果被鳄鱼咬伤，然后被送往医院救治的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我正要放弃挣扎，这时我想起了刚才经过的两个猎人。”可知，第一段可描写作者寻求猎人的帮助，并成功获救。
②由第二段首句内容“当我醒来，我发现自己在一个完全陌生的环境，医院。”可知，第二段可描写作者后悔没有听从妈妈的警告，并表示对妈妈的歉意和对猎人的感谢。
2.续写线索：快跑——到达——幸运——晕倒——道歉——感谢
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.快跑：run quickly/rush
②.到达：get/arrive
情绪类
①.幸运：luckily/ frtunately
②.道歉（后悔的）：make an aplgy/say srry t/be regretful
【点睛】
[高分句型1]. Later I learned frm my mther that I was rushed t the hspital by the kind hunters. (运用了that引导宾语从句)
[高分句型2]. Mm reminded me f hw frtunate I was t have escaped frm the jaws f the alligatr. (运用了hw引导宾语从句)
听力答案:1.B 2.B 3.C 4.A 5.B 6.B 7. A 8. C 9. C 10.A 11.C 12.A 13.B 14. C 15. A 16.C17. C 18. A 19. B 20. A