2022-2023学年湖南省岳阳市第一中学高二上学期期末考试英语试题（解析版）

这是一份2022-2023学年湖南省岳阳市第一中学高二上学期期末考试英语试题（解析版），共20页。试卷主要包含了5分,满分37等内容，欢迎下载使用。
岳阳市一中2022-2023年高二年级期末考试
英语(试题卷)
第一部分 阅读(共两节，满分40分) 略
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (共15小题:每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Are you looking to make your career in science, design or engineering? Then join our community of online learners! Here are some courses.

Electronic products bring countless benefits to society, but their production and waste treatment also lead to numerous negative environmental and economic impacts. In a circular economy, products are designed to last. Recycling can help recover the value in the materials so that these can be used again to produce new products. This course supports you to explore both Design for Recycling and Designing with Recycled Plastics.

Building design strongly influences the quantity of heating, cooling and electricity needed during building operation. This course will enable you to understand the base principle(原理) of the energy chain: demand, supply and distribution; and how they related to design principle for sustainable and energy-efficient buildings.

Energy markets are governed by the laws of economics. But how does the “invisible hand” of economics show up in practice? This course will help you understand the functioning of energy markets as the necessary first step to promotion of the energy transition. By using the European electricity market as an example, you will obtain a deeper understanding of it a principle and effectiveness.

Electric cars are more than a novel means of mobility. If you want to explore the business opportunities this new market offers, then this is the course for you! This course explains how electric mobility can work for various businesses. The experts will provide examples of how innovations have changed conventional businesses and created new businesses altogether.
1. Which section of the website is this text probably taken from?
A. Research News B. Campus life
C. Extension School. D. Career Opportunities
2. Which of the course can teach you how to estimate the electricity needs for home lighting?
A. Demand in Buildings
B. Designing Electronics for Recycling in a Circular Economy
C. Energy Markets of Today
D. Electric Cars : Business
3. What do the courses have in common?
A. Start time. B. Flexible schedule.
C. Learning content. D. Teaching language.
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. B
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了几个关于科学、设计和工程方面的网络课程。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Are you looking to make your career in science, design or engineering? Then join our community of online learners! Here are some courses.(你是否想在科学、设计和工程领域方面发展你的事业?加入我们网上学习吧!我们有几种课程供你选择。)”可知，本篇文章主要介绍了网上关于科学、设计和工程方面的进修课程，故本篇文章可在网络上的“进修学校”版块里找到，故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章“Demand in Buildings”部分中的“This course will enable you to understand the basic principle(原理) of the energy chain: demand, supply and distribution(这门课程能帮你了解到能量链的原理：包括电量的需求，供应和分配)”可知，Demand in Buildings 这门课程能够帮助估计家里照明的用电量，故选A。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章中每门课程的“Length: Self-paced(课程时长：按照自己的进度)”可知，这些课程的共同点在于它们都有着灵活的时间，故选B。
B
World history has seen three ancient dramas: Greek tragedy and comedy, Indian Sanskrit drama and Chinese opera. The first two have become historical and only Chinese opera has survived.
Chinese opera took shape in the 12th century. After developing for more than 800 years, its abundant local styles of opera are still enjoying great popularity, of which Qingiang is one of the most ancient operas.
Qinqiang opera is a thousand-year-old local opera originating in China’s inland northwestern region. It has established a unique tradition as an“opera shouted out”with its high-pitched arias(高音唱腔). LiMei has won a reputation as one of the four greatest Qinqiang actresses. She’s also known for her passionate commitment to exploring the theatrical possibilities offered by Qinqíang.
LiMei and her workmates are halfway through an afternoon rehearsal(排练) and most have broken into a sweat Singing in a near whisper, the forty-year-old opera star performs the stylized movements for the leading role the bitter dead Lady Li Huiniang in Ghost’s Hate.
Little wonder that LiMei is such a powerful presence on stage. She’s the greatest contributory actress who’s able to interpret a character so persuasively and tell a story so convincingly that European audiences warmly hug this unfamiliar art form.
Li Mei said,“We performed this opera in the Netherlands to celebrate the tenth anniversary of the founding of Holland’s Nationa!Theater. We enjoyed e fifteen-minute curtain call and the audiences applauded wildly for a long time. The local press entitled me the ‘Nemesis of the Orient’ and ‘the Chinese Venus’, Why is that so?Because they’ve fully understood what the opera implied—the loyalty towards love, and dead as she maybe, her love persists. The reason why this opera was able to touch millions of hearts is that it has a beautiful story presented by a beautiful art form.”
4. What can be inferred about Chinese opera from the passage?
A. It made history with ancient Greek operas.
B. It has a history shorter than Indian Sanskrit drama.
C. It consists of various dynamic local operas.
D. It originated from the most ancient local Qinqiang opera.
5. What is the greatest feature of Oinqiang opera according to the passage?
A. The popular curtain call B. The northwestern origin.
C. The stylized movement. D. The spirited high tone.
6. Why is Ghost’s Hate starring Li Mer loved by foreigners?
A. Because it has a perfect combination of touching plot and attractive form.
B. Because its leading role Li Mei is famous as the ‘Chinese Venus’.
C. Because it conveys the popular messages of loyalty towards love.
D. Because the story is easy to be fully understood by foreigners.
7. What is Li Mei’s greatest contribution to Qinqiang opera?
A. She won a reputation as one of the four greatest Qinqiang actrasses.
B. She brought Li Huiniang the bitter dead Lady in Ghost’s Hate to life.
C. She explored many theatrical possibilities offered by Qinqiang opera.
D. She spread one of Chinese traditional cultures to the other side of the world.
【答案】4. C 5. D 6. A 7. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。本文主要谈论了中国最古老的戏曲之一——秦腔，简要提及其艺术特点，之后介绍了“秦腔四大名旦”之一李梅，其将这门古老的戏曲艺术带出国门，让欧洲观众热情接受了这种几近陌生的艺术形式。
【详解】1. 推理判断题。根据第二段的“After developing for more than 800 years, its abundant local styles of opera are still enjoying great popularity, of which Qinqiang is one of the most ancient operas.（经过800多年的发展，其丰富的地方戏曲风格仍然深受欢迎，其中秦腔是最古老的戏曲之一。）”可知，中国戏曲由各种充满活力的地方戏曲组成。故选C。

2.细节理解题。根据第三段“It has established a unique tradition as an “opera shouted out” with its high-pitched arias(高音唱腔）（它建立了一种独特的传统，就像一场带有高音咏叹调的“歌剧呐喊”）”可知，高亢激越的唱腔是秦腔的独特之处。故选D。
3. 推理判断题。根据最后一段的“The reason why this opera was able to touch millions of hearts is that it has a beautiful story presented by a beautiful art form.（这部歌剧能够打动数百万人的心，是因为它以一种美丽的艺术形式呈现了一个美丽的故事。）”可知，因为优美的故事情节和出色的艺术形式，国外观众也被深深打动。迷人的艺术形式与美丽的故事的完美结合使得这部歌剧受到外国人的喜爱。故选A。
4. 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“She's the greatest contributory actress who's able to interpret a character so persuasively and tell a story so convincingly that European audiences warmly hug this unfamiliar art form.（她是最伟大的负责任的女演员，她能够非常令人信服诠释一个角色，非常有说服力地讲述一个故事，以至于欧洲观众热情拥抱这种陌生的艺术形式。）”可知， 李梅对秦腔最大的贡献就是将秦腔这种中国传统文化带出国门，并为外国观众所接受。故选D。
C
The 2020 Tokyo Olympic Games may become known as the “Robot Games”. Organizers showed that robots will be used at the new National Stadium to provide assistance for visitors using wheelchairs. Tokyo Olympic official Masaki Komiya pointed out that Japan is known for its robot technology, and the 2020 Summer Games are a good chance to show it. “Robots should not defeat people,” said Komiya. “Robots are something that has a friendly relationship with human beings and can work together with them.”
The robots are made by a major Olympic :sponsor Toyota Motor Corporation. Toyota officials said 16 of the so-called “human support robots” will be used at the National Stadium with five other “delivery support robots ”and “media support robots” also being available.
Minoru Yamauchi of Toyota, the general manager for 2020 Robot Development, said Toyota is opening up a new field and becoming a “mobility company” .“We have been looking at how we can support people’s daily life and how we can develop robots that can partner with daily life,” Yamauchi said. “In the Tokyo Olympics, there will be many guests in wheelchairs and we hope they can enjoy the games without worrying about their mobility.”
Panasonic Corporation—also a major Olympic sponsor—showed its “power assist suit”. When worn, the suit offers support to the back and bottom area and allows heavy objects to be lifted with less effort. Panasonic said 20 of the suits will be used in the Tokyo Olympics and can help guests with their luggage. Panasonic also planned to develop entertainment robots to help visitors enjoy their stay in Japan.
Yoshifumi Uchida, general manager of Panasonic, said its power assist suit technology was developed party because of Japan’s aging population. This could help get more women and the elderly into the working population.“ We would like to have a society where people can work without caring about sex differences or age differences,” Uchida said.
8. What can be learned from Yamauchi’s words?
A. More disabled people will attend the 20 Tokyo Olympics.
B. Robots of Toyota are the most advanced in the world.
C Toyota is constantly improving their robotics.
D. Yamauchi invented a new kind of wheelchair.
9. The power assist suit designed to .
A. keep people’s body warm B. help visitors carry heavy objects
C. treat guests in wheelchairs D. lift up entertainment robot
10. What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A. Women in Japan usually stay at home.
B. The employment rate in Japan is very low.
C. Robot technology serves the development of society.
D. Power assist suits help e:beply people to become younger.
11. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Japan’s future that technology.
B. The effects of robots on people’s daily life.
C. Major Olympic sponsors of the 2020 Tokyo Olympic Games.
D. Robot technology to be used in the 2020 Tokyo Olympic Games.
【答案】8. C 9. B 10. C 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了 2020 年东京奥运会可能被称为“机器人奥运会”。东京奥组委官员 Masaki Komiya 指出，日本以机器人技术著称，2020 年夏季奥运会是展示这一技术的好机会。这些机器人是由奥运会的主要赞助商丰田汽车公司制造的，其设计的动力辅助机器人是为帮助游客搬运重物而设计的。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中““We have been looking at how we can support people’s daily life and how we can develop robots that can partner with daily life,” Yamauchi said.( Yamauchi 说：“我们一直在研究如何支持人们 日常生活，以及如何开发能与日常生活合作的机器人。”)”可知，从 Yamauchi 的话中我们可以了解到丰田公司在不断改进他们的机器人技术。故选 C。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“ When worn, the suit offers support to the back and bottom area and allows heavy objects to be lifted with less effort. Panasonic said 20 of the suits will be used in the Tokyo Olympics and can help guests with their luggage. (当蜗轮蜗杆运动时，宇航服为背部和底部提供了支撑，使重物更容易被提起。松下表示，其中 20 套机器人将用于东京奥运会，可以帮助客人提行李。)”可知，动力辅助机器人是为帮助游客搬运重物而设计的。故选 B。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Yoshifumi Uchida, general manager of Panasonic, said its power assist suit technology was developed partly because of Japan’s aging population. This could help get more women and the elderly into the working population. “We would like to have a society where people can work without caring about sex differences or age differences,” Uchida said. (松下总经理Yoshifumi Uchida表示，该公司研发动力辅助服技术的部分原因是日本的人口老龄化。这可以帮助更多的妇女和老年人进入工作人口。内田说：“我们希望有这样一个社会，人们可以在工作时不关心性别差异或年龄差异。”)”可知，由于日本进入了老龄化社会，需要更多的妇女和老年人进入劳动大军，而有了这些辅助机器人，有些工作可以不考虑性别差异或年龄差异，这有助于促进妇女和老年人进入社会工作，所以机器人技术服务于社会的发展。故选 C。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段中“The 2020 Tokyo Olympic Games may become known as the “Robot Games”. Organizers showed that robots will be used at the new National Stadium to provide assistance for visitors using wheelchairs Tokyo Olympic official Masaki Komiya pointed out that Japan is known for its robot technology, and the 2020 Summer Games are a good chance to show it. (2020年东京奥运会可能会被称为“机器人奥运会”。东京奥组委官员Masaki Komiya指出，日本以其机器人技术而闻名，2020年夏季奥运会是一个展示这一技术的好机会。)”及全文可知，文章主要介绍了 2020 年东京奥运会可能被称为“机器人奥运会”。东京奥组委官员 Masaki Komiya 指出，日本以机器人技术著称，2020 年夏季奥运会是展示这一技术的好机会。这些机器人是由奥运会的主要赞助商丰田汽车公司制造的，其设计的动力辅助机器人是为帮助游客搬运重物而设计的。所以 D 选项“Robot technology to be used in the 2020 Tokyo Olympic Games.( 2020 年东京奥运会将采用机器人技术。)”适合作文章标题。故选 D。
D
Some people often wonder whether they are fighting a battle with their genes to maintain a healthy weight, In fact, researchers have presided plenty of evidence that people are born with tendencies to be fighter or heavier. For example, studies of identical twins have revealed great similarity in their overall weight. Part of this similarity may be explained by the finding that some people are born to burn a lot of calories just through ordinary day-to-day activities while others are not. Those who are not are more at risk for weight gain.
Researchers have discovered some of the actual genetic mechanisms (机制) that may make some individuals more likely to be obese (肥胖的). For example, a gene has been found that appears to control signals to the brain that enough fat has been stored in the body in the course of a meal — so the individual should stop eating. The gene influences the production of leptin (瘦蛋白), which keeps appetite under control. If leptin doesn’t work well, it is likely that individuals will continue to eat. Thus the gene that controls leptin appears to have a critical influence on the potential for obesity.
The confirmation that leptin plays a role in weight control has encouraged researchers to identify and understand other weight-related gene. Recent attention has focused on a gene called GAD2. GAD2 helps control the amount of the euro-transmitter (神经递质) GABA. In general, when more GABA is available, appetite is increased. For that reason, people who have a form of GAD2 that allows more GABA to be available may be at risk for overeating. You can see that GAD2 is not directly an obesity gene. Rather it has an indirect influence on obesity through its direct influence on GABA.
Genetic research holds out the promise of innovative solutions to obesity. Researchers hope that an understanding of the link between genus and weight control will enable them to provide new drug treatments. Nonetheless, even the most optimistic researchers provide a warning: “Innovative drugs will be effective only when they are used along with lifestyle changes.”
12. What does the author want to explain by giving the example of twins?
A. It is hard to maintain a healthy weight. B. Being fat or thin is genetic ally related
C. The twins are usually of similar weight. D. An individual ‘ body can burn calorie.
13. What can make an individual more likely to put on weight?
A. Poor appetite. B. All varieties of GAD2
C. Effective leptin. D. Extra amount of GABA.
14. What do researchers suggest people do?
A. Adopt advanced means. B. Learn more about genetic effects.
C. Keep good living habits. D. Change the weight-related gene.
15. What is the text mainly about?
A. How does genetics contribute to obesity? B. What impact does eating have on weight?
C. How many genus determine who is obese? D. Why do many people become overweight?
【答案】12. B 13. D 14. C 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是研究人员发现了一些可能使某些人更容易肥胖的实际遗传机制。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段的“Some people often wonder whether they are fighting a battle with their genes to maintain a healthy weight, In fact, researchers have presided plenty of evidence that people are born with tendencies to be fighter or heavier.(有些人经常想知道他们是否在与自己的基因进行战斗以保持健康的体重。事实上，研究人员已经掌握了大量的证据表明人们生来就有战斗或肥胖的倾向。)”可知，作者想通过双胞胎的例子来解释胖或瘦与基因有关，故选B。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的“In general, when more GABA is available, appetite is increased. For that reason, people who have a form of GAD2 that allows more GABA to be available may be at risk for overeating.(一般来说，当有更多的GABA时，食欲就会增加。因此，患有一种GAD2的人可能有暴饮暴食的风险，这种GAD2可以产生更多的GABA。)”可知，让一个人更容易发胖的是额外的GABA。故选D。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Nonetheless, even the most optimistic researchers provide a warning: “Innovative drugs will be effective only when they are used along with lifestyle changes.”(然而，即使是最乐观的研究人员也提出了警告：“创新药物只有在与改变生活方式同时使用时才会有效。”)”可知，研究人员建议人们保持良好的生活习惯。故选C。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段的“Researchers have discovered some of the actual genetic mechanisms (机制) that may make some individuals more likely to be obese (肥胖的).(研究人员发现了一些可能使某些人更容易肥胖的实际遗传机制。)”可知，本文主要讲的是研究人员发现了一些可能使某些人更容易肥胖的实际遗传机制，也就是“基因是如何导致肥胖的？”，故选A。
第二节(共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Do you have a place you are most likely to visit—a place with family, good weather, and fun things to do? I’m glad I do. The place is New Jersey. ____16____
More than half of my family members live in New Jersey. When I pay a visit, my cousins and I laugh and play all day and night. My uncles and aunts take me to parks, where we ride tall, long roller coasters(过山车). ____17____My family is fun to be with.
It’s always cool and wet. When I think about my visits, I can just feel the gentle fall wind in my hair. I can just see the white, softy winter snow.____18____I can just feel the warm summer sun on my face. The weather is great!
If it’s crab( 盔) season, we crab. We keep the blue crabs and the snow crabs, and we let other crabs go. Sometimes we catch crabs on hooks, and sometimes we lower crab cages into the water. Then we pull them out later. One time my brother caught a crab so big that it got stuck in the crab cage! The crab finally got out, but it hurt one of its legs and broke the cage. ____19____
For all these reasons, I like to go to New Jersey most of all ____20____It’s a good idea to visit a place you love in life—a place where you can enjoy yourself and make special memories. By the way, if you crab at your special place, be sure to get a big crab cage.
A. Poor crab!
B. Oh, my God!
C. There are many reasons for it.
D. In a word, New Jersey is my favorite.
E. We drink juice and eat foot-long hot dogs.
F. I can just hear the soft spring rain dropping on the sidewalks.
G. If you don’t have a favorite place, I think you should search for one.
【答案】16. C 17. E 18. F 19. A 20. G
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了作者去新泽西旅游的原因。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Do you have a place you are most likely to visit--a place with family, good weather, and fun things to do? I’m glad I do. The place is New Jersey”（你有一个你最有可能去的地方吗？一个有家人、天气好、可以做有趣事情的地方？我很高兴我去了。地点是新泽西。）以及最后一段“For all these reasons”（处于这些原因）可知，空处总说去新泽西的原因。故C选项“这有很多原因”切题。故选C项。
【17题详解】
根据上文“When I pay a visit, my cousins and I laugh and play all day and night. My uncles and aunts take me to parks, where we ride tall, long roller coasters(过山车).”（当我去拜访的时候，我和我的表兄弟们整天整夜都在欢笑和玩耍。我的叔叔阿姨带我去公园，在那里我们坐着又高又长的过山车）可知，选项与上文为并列关系说明所从事的活动。故E选项“我们喝果汁，吃一英尺长的热狗”切题。故选E项。
【18题详解】
根据上文“I can just see the white, softy winter snow.”（我能够看到白色柔软的冬雪）以及下文“I can just feel the warm summer sun on my face.”（我能感觉到温暖的夏日阳光照在脸上。）可知，选项与上下文为并列关系，说明作者对天气的感受。故F选项“我能够听到柔和的春雨滴落在人行道上”切题，承上启下。故选F项。
【19题详解】
根据上文“The crab finally got out, but it hurt one of its legs and broke the cage.”（螃蟹终于还是出来了，但它伤了一条腿，撕破了笼子）可知，选项承接上文说明作者对螃蟹的同情。故A选项“可怜的螃蟹”。故选A项。
【20题详解】
根据下文“It’s a good idea to visit a place you love in life—a place where you can enjoy yourself and make special memories.”（去一个你生活中热爱的地方是个好主意——一个你可以尽情享受并留下特别回忆的地方）可知，作者告诉读者应该去一个你喜欢的地方，故G项“如果你没有喜欢的地方，我想你应该找一个”符合语境，G项中的“a favourite place”呼应上文的“ a place you love”。故选G项。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It has been difficult to sit on the bench most of the time, watching my team from the sideline. I always ___21___ why I am not good enough to be on the floor. After endless hours of work and devotion, pushing myself through drill after drill, the last thing I want is to be a cheerleader. The feeling of being ___22___ is sometimes too much and drives me to ___23___ on the spot. I often feel as though my ___24___ are wasted and my time is eaten away, ___25___ nothing. It is heartbreaking to be a spectator (旁观者) for the game I love, knowing that no one has enough faith to give me the chance to ___26___ on the floor. Tears well up (涌出), but I ___27___ them back. I shouldn’t be so ___28___ something so silly.
Away from the game, it’s easier to put my thoughts together, rather than letting my ___29___ drive my reasoning. I consider why I am where I am. I have played basketball my whole life. I have a strong ____30____ for the sport and always have. There is nothing like the ____31____ of playing: the swish (飕飕声) of the net, the sweat rolling off my cheeks, even the bruises (青肿) are battle wounds worn ____32____ after every game.
Even if I don’t play much, I participate in every ____33____. I am part of a team of girls who stick together like a family. I am there for them, as they are for me.
Should I move on？Or should I stay with my team and continue playing basketball with great passion just a little longer？The ____34____ isn’t difficult when I consider the joy that being a part of a team ____35____ me — and not just any team but my team. I love basketball and my teammates. When I think about that, my view from the bench really isn’t so bad after all.
21. A. wonder B. promise C. accept D. realize
22. A. careless B. worthless C. selfless D. homeless
23. A. quit B. stay C. struggle D. delay
24. A. beliefs B. chances C. efforts D. experiences
25. A. related to B. attached to C. added to D. devoted to
26. A. perform B. respond C. identify D. survive
27. A. call B. give C. take D. hold
28. A. upset over B. nervous about C. scared of D. annoyed at
29. A. hardships B. possessions C. feelings D. thoughts
30. A. imagination B. admission C. desire D. passion
31. A. encouragement B. embarrassment C. excitement D. amusement
32. A. bravely B. proudly C. regretfully D. painfully
33. A. team B. day C. time D. game
34. A. conflict B. conclusion C. challenge D. decision
35. A. attracts B. brings C. instructs D. controls
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. A 24. C 25. D 26. A 27. D 28. A 29. C 30. D 31. C 32. B 33. D 34. D 35. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者作为一名篮球运动员一直坐在替补席上的心路历程，最终她想到了团队精神，觉得坐在板凳上的感觉其实并不是那么糟糕。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我总是在想，为什么我还不够好，不能上场。A. wonder想知道；B. promise承诺；C. accept接受；D. realize意识到。根据“It has been difficult to sit on the bench most of the time, watching my team from the sideline.(大部分时间坐在替补席上，在边线上看着我的球队，这对我来说很困难)”可知，作者虽然刻苦训练却很少有上场的机会，所以作者想知道她哪里还不够好，不能上场。故选A项。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这种毫无价值的感觉有时太强烈了，迫使我当场放弃。A. careless粗心的；B. worthless一文不值的；C. selfless无私的；D. homeless无家可归的。根据“my time is eaten away, devoted to nothing”可知，作者经过长时间地努力付出，推动自己通过一个又一个的训练，却不能上场只能作为一个啦啦队长，所以作者感到自己的付出是毫无价值的。故选B项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这种毫无价值的感觉有时太强烈了，迫使我当场放弃。A. quit放弃；B. stay呆；C. struggle斗争；D. delay延迟。根据下文“It is heartbreaking to be a spectator(观看者) for the game I love, knowing that no one has enough faith to give me the chance to perform on the floor.”可知，作者刻苦训练却没有得到上场的机会，所以她感到自己的付出是毫无价值的，因此想到了放弃。故选A项。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我常常觉得我的努力被浪费了，我的时间被吞噬了，毫无意义。A. beliefs信仰；B. chances机会；C. efforts努力；D. experiences经历。根据上文“After endless hours of work and devotion, ____2____ myself through drill after drill,”可知，作者投入了很多，很努力。故选C项。
【25题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我常常觉得我的努力被浪费了，我的时间被吞噬了，毫无意义。A. related to与……有关；B. attached to附属于；C. added to增加；D. devoted to致力于。根据上文“are wasted and my time is eaten away”指努力被浪费了，时间被吞噬了，毫无意义。故选D项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我知道没有人有足够信任我给我上场表现的机会，成为一名我热爱的一项运动的观看者是令人心碎的。A. perform执行，表现；B. respond回应；C. identify识别；D. survive生存。结合上文“give me the chance to”指给作者机会，让作者上场表现。故选A项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：眼泪涌出，但是我将它们忍了回来。A. call打电话；B. give给；C. take带；D. hold持有。根据上文“Tears well up”和“but”可知，眼泪流出来了，但作者克制住了。hold back为固定短语，意为“抑制，阻止”。故选D项。
【28题详解】
考查固定短语词义辨析。句意：我不该为这么愚蠢的事这么难过。A. upset over难过的，心烦意乱的；B. nervous about对……紧张；C. scared of害怕；D. annoyed at生气。根据上文“Tears well up, but I____6____ them back.”可知，作者想哭却没有哭出来，就是因为她不想因为这个事情而难过。故选A项。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：离开比赛后，我更容易理清自己的想法，而不是让我的情感驱动我的推理。A. hardships艰难，困苦；B. possessions财产；C. feelings感情；D. thoughts想法。根据上一段“The feeling of being…is sometimes too much and drives me to…on the spot. I often feel as though my… are wasted and my time is devoted to nothing.”可知，作者想了很多，有很多情感的变化。故选C项。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我对这项运动有着强烈的热情，并且一直如此。A. imagination想象力；B. admission入学；C. desire渴望；D. passion激情。根据后文“Or should I stay with my team and continue playing basketball…great passion just a little longer?(或者我应该留在我的球队，继续充满激情地打篮球？)”可知，作者对篮球有着强烈的激情。故选D项。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：没有什么比打篮球更兴奋了：投篮的嗖嗖声，汗水从我的脸颊滚下，即使是打篮球留下青肿创伤后骄傲地穿过每一场比赛。A. encouragement鼓励；B. embarrassment尴尬；C. excitement兴奋；D. amusement娱乐。根据下文“the swish of the net, the sweat rolling off my cheeks, even the bruise are battle wounds worn…after every game.”可知，打篮球让作者很兴奋。故选C项。
【32题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：没有什么比打篮球更兴奋了：投篮的嗖嗖声，汗水从我的脸颊滚下，即使是打篮球留下青肿创伤后骄傲地穿过每一场比赛。A. bravely勇敢地；B. proudly骄傲地；C. regretfully遗憾地；D. painfully痛苦地。根据上文“There is nothing like the…of playing”可知，作者对打篮球如此喜欢，所以即使有伤，也感到很骄傲。故选B项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：即使我比得不多，我也会参加每一场比赛。A. team队伍；B. day天；C. time时间；D. game比赛。根据后文“I am part of a team of girls who stick together like a family. I am there for them, as they are for me.(我是一群像家人一样团结在一起的女孩中的一员。我为他们而存在，正如他们为我而存在)”可知，作者尽力参加每一场比赛。故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我想到作为团队的一员带给我的快乐时，做出这个决定并不困难——不仅仅是任何团队，而是我的团队。A. conflict冲突；B. conclusion结论；C. challenge挑战；D. decision决定。根据上文“Should I move on? Or should I stay with my team and continue playing basketball with great passion just a little longer?”可知，这是作者在思考要不要继续待在篮球队，所以接下来要做决定。故选D项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我考虑到作为球队一员带给我的快乐时，做出这个决定并不困难——不是任何球队，而是我的球队。A. attracts吸引；B. brings带来；C. instructs指导；D. controls控制。当我考虑到作为球队一员带给我的快乐时，这里需要定语从句的谓语动词构成“bring sb. joy”给某人带来快乐的意思。故选B项。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Advertising, whose purpose is to promote____36____product or service, has become part of modern life. The history of advertising____37____( link) with that of the mass media from the ancient times. But advertisements nowadays are more interactive than the ancient____38____( one). With the mass media____39____ (reach) so many people, it becomes a perfect vehicle for advertisers. Companies often launch mass media advertising campaigns ____40____( promote)products or service. Advertisers have developed ways to persuade people____41____purchasing products, such as using slogans to communicate____42____(effective) or employing famous people as brand ambassadors, Besides, product____43____( place) in films and games is another technique used. We absorb ____44____these advertisements convey without even thinking too much. To sum up, advertising is becoming more personalized and in the future we are likely to enjoy promotions_____45_____( target) specifically at us.
【答案】36. a 37. has been linked
38. ones 39. reaching
40. to promote
41. into 42. effectively
43. placement
44. what 45. targeted
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了广告。
【36题详解】
考查冠词。句意：广告，其目的是推销产品或服务，已成为现代生活的一部分。名词product为可数名词，泛指，且发音以辅音音素开头，所以用不定冠词a。故填a。
【37题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：广告的历史自古以来就与大众传媒的历史联系在一起。根据时间状语from the ancient times可知，从古代一直到现代，所以用现在完成时。主语The history of advertising为单数，且与link之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填has been linked。
【38题详解】
考查代词。句意：但是现在的广告比古代的广告更具互动性。ones用于替代前面已经出现过的复数名词advertisements。故填ones。
【39题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：由于大众媒体覆盖了如此多的人，它成为了广告商的完美工具。介词with后名词the mass media与reach之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作宾语补足语。故填reaching。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：公司经常在大众媒体上发布广告活动来推广产品或服务。句中用不定式作目的状语。故填to promote。
【41题详解】
考查介词。句意：广告商想出了各种方法来说服人们购买产品，比如用口号进行有效沟通，或者聘请名人作为品牌大使。persuade sb. into doing sth.劝服某人做某事。故填into。
【42题详解】
考查副词。句意：广告商想出了各种方法来说服人们购买产品，比如用口号进行有效沟通，或者聘请名人作为品牌大使。修饰动词communicate，用副词形式。故填effectively。
【43题详解】
考查名词。句意：此外，电影和游戏中的植入式广告也是一种技术。句中用名词作主语。故填placement。
【44题详解】
考查名词性从句。句意：我们不假思索就吸收了这些广告所传达的信息。本句为宾语从句，从句缺少宾语，且指物，所以用连接代词what。故填what。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：总之，广告正变得越来越个性化，在未来我们可能会享受到专门针对我们的促销活动。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。名词promotions与target之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语。故填targeted。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，想要参加China Daily发起的“A letter to Year 3023”的时光胶囊征稿比赛，向3023年的地球人介绍现代中国“新四大发明”(高速铁路，移动支付，共享单车和在线购物)，并以其中之一为例，说明新四大发明对生活的影响。
要求：1.词数80左右，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
To whom it may concern,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】To whom it may concern,
I come from China, known for contemporary four great new inventions. They are high speed railway, mobile payment, bicycle sharing, and online shopping, which have added great convenience to our daily life.
Without any barrier to the Internet and a host of use of mobile payment, online shopping has gained much popularity, engaging the public to form different consumption habits. I seldom shop at brick-and-mortar shops now. What I often purchase online is clothing and stationery. The easy access to consumer reviews helps me make informed purchases. Also, shopping online helps me save time and money. But because you can’t see the real thing, the goods you receive may not be the same as those online, which is really annoying.
Whatever happens, we hope you can improve the shortcomings of the technology and live a healthier and more colorful life.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给3023年的地球人写一封信，介绍现代中国“新四大发明”(高速铁路，移动支付，共享单车和在线购物)，并以其中之一为例，说明新四大发明对生活的影响。
【详解】1.词汇积累
闻名的：known →famous
赢得：gain →get →win
此外：also →besides →in addition
令人恼火的：annoying →angry
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I come from China, known for contemporary four great new inventions.
拓展句：I come from China, which is known for contemporary four great new inventions.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Without any barrier to the Internet and a host of use of mobile payment, online shopping has gained much popularity, engaging the public to form different consumption habits.（运用了现在分词短语作状语）
【高分句型2】What I often purchase online is clothing and stationery.（运用了what引导的主语从句）
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
One day I got stuck in the Tube on my way to work.
The Tube—that’s what most people call it—is London’s underground railway system
It was about nine o'clock in the morning, the middle of the rush-hour. Nobody had expected something unusual would happen later and everyone was doing their usual: a pretty girl gave her boyfriend sweet kisses one after another. Sitting next to me, a young woman with a suitcase and a baby took a scarf out of her suitcase and made her baby a nest, so that it could lie more comfortably. In fact, the train had just left Green Park Station when, instead of speeding up, it started to slow down and then came to a stand-still.
Ten minutes passed, though it seemed like half a day. the train didn’t move. Had the railwaymen forgotten all about our existence? Had there been a crash on the line in front? How serious was the breakdown? We had no means of knowing. However, to anxious people who are stuck in the Tube, I suppose it doesn’t really matter what it is that has broken down. What they care is when they can get out of the trouble.
Twenty minutes passed. All hope of getting to work on time had long since gone. Had the train really broken down? Several people thought so, but they were wrong. A railwayman at last came down the length of the train to tell us that the power supply had failed, and that we were not to worry as they were working to put it right.
We could not leave the train, as it had stopped in the tunnel (隧道), not at a station. There was nothing else to do. The weak signal disabled cellphones. Besides, the train was getting hot and stuffy (闷). I even began to wonder if we were going to stay there for the rest of the day.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左石：
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The hopeless waiting in the darkness drove us crazy.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
As a commuter (上班族) who traveled to work on the train every day, I thought it my duty to do something.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】The hopeless waiting in the darkness drove us crazy. We could not bear the heat inside the train any longer. Those standing by the windows attempted to open them to let in fresh air but ended up in failure. The impatient complaints were mixed with angry punches on the wall, which made the baby in the comfortable nest burst out crying.
As a commuter who traveled to work on the train every day, I thought it my duty to do something. Clearing my throat, I picked up my courage and started a song for the baby as well as for everyone out there: Twinkle, Twinkle, little star, how I wonder what you are…Unexpectedly, my neighboring passengers joined me immediately they heard me. Then, more and more passengers joined in the song. When we finished the song in chorus, a cheer went up. Because the light flashed and the train moved slowly off towards the next station. At the same time, I could see our faces lit up.
【解析】
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者一天上班途中，火车突然停了下来，车上的人们纷纷猜测发生了什么，二十分钟后，人们终于弄清楚，是火车电源失灵了，正在检修中，因为在隧道里，作者和其他乘客只能呆在又热又闷的火车里，怀疑自己是否会在那里呆一整天。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“黑暗中绝望的等待把我们逼疯了。”可知，第一段可描写作者他们在闷热的火车里很难受，新鲜空气进不来，乘客开始抱怨、焦躁起来。
②由第二段首句内容“作为一个每天坐火车上班的通勤者，我认为做点什么是我的责任。”可知，第二段可描写在这样的不安的情况下，作者唱起小星星，没想到越来越多的乘客加入唱歌，歌唱完，火车灯亮了，火车启动了，人们也露出喜色了。
2.续写线索：等待——抱怨——唱歌——一起唱——火车启动——露出喜色
3.词汇激活
行为类
①等待：waiting in the darkness
②开始唱歌：started a song
③立即加入我：joined me immediately
④露出喜色：lit up
情绪类
①绝望的：hopeless
②不耐烦的抱怨：The impatient complaints
③突然大哭起来：burst out crying
④一阵欢呼声：a cheer
【点睛】[高分句型1]. The impatient complaints were mixed with angry punches on the wall, which made the baby in the comfortable nest burst out crying.（由关系词which引导的非限制性定语从句）
[高分句型2]. Clearing my throat, I picked up my courage and started a song for the baby as well as for everyone out there: Twinkle, Twinkle, little star, how I wonder what you are…（现在分词短语作状语）
听力答案：1-5 ACCBC 6-10 ABBAC 11-15 BACBC 16-20 CCABC