2022-2023学年江西省修水县第一中学高二上学期第一次月考英语试题（解析版）

这是一份2022-2023学年江西省修水县第一中学高二上学期第一次月考英语试题（解析版），共25页。
英语
第一部分 听力
第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What happened to the man last night?
A. His window got broken. B. He watched a scary film. C. His pet was lost.
2. What do Mike and Gary have in common?
A. They live in the same neighborhood.
B. They share the same hobbies.
C. They look alike.
3. What will the woman do next?
A. Do her homework. B. Hold a garden party. C. Clean the bathroom.
4. How does the woman probably feel now?
A. Tired. B. Thirsty. C. Energetic.
5. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. In the man’s house. B. In an art museum. C. In the mountains.
第二节 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What does the man plan to do on Saturday?
A. Celebrate his son’s graduation. B. Have a business meeting. C. Watch a movie.
7. Why will the man go to Paris?
A. To visit his family. B. To go on business. C. To take a vacation.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. How often does the man go to the gym?
A. Every day. B. Three times a week. C. Four times a month.
9. What does the man have trouble in?
A. Improving his health. B. Becoming stronger. C. Losing weight.
10. Which exercise will the man try?
A. Cycling. B. Running. C. Swimming.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. Why has the man come to town?
A. To spend time with friends.
B. To perform at a music festival.
C. To attend an important meeting.
12. How can the lights be turned off?
A. By producing a loud sound. B. By making movement. C. By using a phone app.
13. What does the man want from the woman?
A. A toothbrush. B. An alarm clock. C. Something to eat.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. Who might the woman be?
A. The man’s mother. B. The man’s classmate. C. The man’s teacher.
15. What is the topic of Daniel’s presentation?
A. Different cultures around the world. B. Stories about dragons. C. Natural disasters.
16. What does the woman think of Daniel’s topic?
A. It’s serious. B. It’s ordinary. C. It’s interesting.
17. What will Daniel probably do next?
A. Write a report. B. Read some books. C. Give a presentation.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. What does the speaker mainly talk about?
A. The development of clocks.
B. The importance of clocks in modern life.
C. The reasons why clocks are less popular.
19. Which country is the birthplace of the first clock?
A. China. B. Germany. C. Greece.
20. When was the first most widely used watch invented?
A. In the 10th century. B. In the 14th century. C. In the 16th century.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Global Student Challenge
Global Student Challenge is an online construction business game open to students across the world, studying a built environment course.
About Global Student Challenge
Started in 2014, Global Student Challenge is a yearly competition run by the Chartered Institute of Building that provides built environment students with a chance to apply their learning to a real-world situation of running their own virtual construction company.
Phase (阶段) One: Registration
Registration is perhaps the most important part of the competition! You'll need to register your team in order to use the MERIT software. Even more important, you'll need to decide who your teammates will be Entry for the competition is open now and will close on 7 April 2021.
Phase.Two: Pre-Competition
The first phase of competition begins on 15 March 2021. In this phase, your team will be able to use the game software and begin to make your plan to run the company.
Phase Three: Competition
This is when things start to get real.
On 14 April 2021 the first round of data will be shown to all teams and you'll have a week to make your decisions and hand them in for scoring!
After each round you'll get a score and you'll be graded against other teams based on this. We call this stage "The Early Years" as you begin to get your virtual construction company off the ground.
In total, you'll do this six times over six rounds of competition.
Phase Four: The GSC Final
The top six teams after The Early Years will be told to the public as our finalists on 25 May 2021.The finals week is scheduled to be held virtually in June 2021.
1. What do we know about Global Student Challenge?
A. It is held twice a year!
B. It is an offline competition.
C. It is now entering its eighth year.
D. It asks competitors to work in a real company.
2. When must signing up for the competition be done?
A. At the beginning of April. B. In the middle of March
C. In the middle of April. D. At the end of May.
3. What will competitors do during Phase Three?
A. Make their own plans. B. Start to collect their data.
C. Compete with other teams. D. Learn to use the game software
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。短文介绍了全球学生挑战赛的相关信息。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据About Global Student Challenge中的“Started in 2014(始于2014年)”及Phase (阶段) One: Registration中的“ Even more important, you'll need to decide who your teammates will be Entry for the competition is open now and will close on 7 April 2021.(更重要的是，您需要决定谁是您的队友，比赛报名现在开始，将于2021年4月7日结束)”可知，关于“全球学生挑战”，我们知道这是它举办的第八个年头。故选C项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Phase (阶段) One: Registration中的“Even more important, you'll need to decide who your teammates will be Entry for the competition is open now and will close on 7 April 2021.(更重要的是，你需要决定谁是你的队友，比赛报名现在开始，将于2021年4月7日结束)”可知，报名比赛必须在四月初完成。故选A项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Phase Three: Competition中的“After each round you'll get a score and you'll be graded against other teams based on this. In total, you'll do this six times over six rounds of competition.(每轮比赛结束后，你将得到一个分数，并根据这个分数与其他队伍进行评分。总共，你将在6轮比赛中这样做6次)”可知，在第三阶段，参赛者将与其他队比赛。故选C项。
B
Gerty Cori, the first American woman to win the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine, was born Gerty Theresa Radnitz in Prague in 1896. Gerty decided at the age of sixteen to study medicine. She entered the Realgymnasium at Tetschen, from which she graduated in 1914, and then went to the Medical School of the German University of Prague. While in medical school, Gerty met Carl Cori, a classmate who shared both her love of skiing and mountain climbing and her interest in laboratory research. In 1920, the two published the results of their first joint research, received their medical degrees, and married each other.
Gerty’s first research position was as an assistant in the Karolinen Children’s Hospital in Vienna. In 1922, Carl Cori moved to the United States to join the staff of the New York State Institute for the Study of Malignant Diseases in Buffalo, New York. Gerty Cori moved a few months later, starting as an assistant pathologist ( 病理学家) at the Institute and later rising to an assistant biochemist. In 1928, the Coris became US citizens.
In 1931, Carl Cori accepted the position of chairman of the Department of Pharmacology of the Washington University School of Medicine (WUSM), while Gerty Cori was hired as a research fellow. In the early 1940s the Coris moved to the Department of Biological Chemistry. Gerty Cori was made an associate ( 副) professor of Research Biological Chemistry and Pharmacology in 1943. She was elevated to the rank ( 级别) of professor of Biological Chemistry in July 1947, the same year she and her husband were awarded the Nobel Prize for their work on the metabolism of glycogen (糖代谢).
In 1947, Gerty Cori began showing the signs of myelofibrosis, an unusual blood disease. She fought the disease for ten years, refusing to give up her research until the last few months of her life. Gerty Cori died on October 26, 1957.
4. What can we learn about Gerty’s husband?
A. He shared the same interests with Gerty.
B He moved to the USA later than Gerty.
C. He married Gerty while in medical school.
D. He studied pathology under the influence of Gerty.
5. Which of the following is the correct order of the events in Gerty’s life?
a. She moved to the USA.
b. She won the Nobel Prize.
c. She met her husband Carl.
d. She got a job in the WUSM.
e. She received her medical degree.
A. e, a, c, b, d B. c, e, a, d, b
C. e, c, a, d, b D. c, a, e, b, d
6. What does the underlined word “elevated” in paragraph 3 mean?
A. Adapted. B. Defeated. C. Promoted. D. Committed.
7. What can we infer about Gerty from the last paragraph?
A. She was satisfied with her later life. B. She was in poor health all her life.
C. She died of a common disease. D. She was very mentally strong.
【答案】4. A 5. B 6. C 7. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇人物传记。文章简要介绍了美国首位获得诺贝尔生理学奖的女性——格蒂·科里。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“While in medical school, Gerty met Carl Cori, a classmate who shared both her love of skiing and mountain climbing and her interest in laboratory research.(在医学院读书期间，格蒂遇到了卡尔·科尼，两人都喜欢滑雪和登山，也都对实验室研究感兴趣。)”可知，格蒂的丈夫卡尔和她有着相同的兴趣爱好。故选A。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。通读全文可知，格蒂在布拉格大学医学院读书时认识了后来的丈夫；两人于1920年获得医学学位；之后夫妇二人于1922年移民到美国；1931年格蒂和丈夫任职于华盛顿医学院；1947年他们共同获得诺贝尔奖。故选B。
【6题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第三段中“Gerty Cori was made an associate ( 副) professor of Research Biological Chemistry and Pharmacology in 1943. She was elevated to the rank ( 级别) of professor of Biological Chemistry in July 1947.( Gerty Cori于1943年被任命为研究生物化学和药理学副教授。1947年7月，她被提升为生物化学教授。)”可知，1943年格蒂是副教授，1947年7月她是教授，由此可以推断划线词为“晋升，升职”的意思。故选C。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“She fought the disease for ten years, refusing to give up her research until the last few months of her life. Gerty Cori died on October 26, 1957.(她与疾病抗争了十年，直到生命的最后几个月，她都拒绝放弃她的研究。格蒂于1957年10月26日去世。)”可知，即使与病魔做斗争，格蒂也没有放弃自己的研究事业，直到生命的尽头。由此可以推断，她有着十分顽强的生命力，对于科学一片热忱。故选D。
C
Walking through an airport is never easy. Now imagine doing it if you were blind. That's the problem faced by Chieko Asakawa, a computer scientist and IBM researcher. Asakawa often flies between the US and Japan, making the journey monthly. If traveling alone she has to be helped at both ends of the flight, which sometimes includes endless waiting. Searching for a better replacement led Asakawa to invent a high-tech suitcase that helps get her to the place she wants to go safely.
“I never relax when I travel alone,” she says. “I always think about what technology will help me travel easier, quicker and more comfortably.” It was this restlessness that led to the AI suitcase.
The idea has been in development since 2017 through research between IBM, other Japanese companies, and Carnegie Mellon University in Pennsylvania. Asakawa says there are hopes to commercialize the suitcase and a pilot scheme(试验计划)is planned to use it in an airport，a shopping mall and other public spaces. Though the suitcase is too full of tech to hold any clothes, that could change in the future, she says.
A runner, Asakawa held Olympic dreams as a child, but a swimming accident at age 11 caused her to gradually lose her sight until, aged 14, she became totally blind. As a grown-up she has paid attention to developing accessibility technology. Among her creations is “a Designer,” whose aim is to make designers' websites more user-friendly, and “IBM Home Page Reader”, the first voice browser(浏览器)to allow Internet access for blind people. Asakawa has won industry and government awards and been introduced into the US National Inventors Hall of Fame.
“The blind people usually use a white cane (手杖)or a guide dog. It will open up many doors for blind people, because we'd be able to go anywhere by ourselves. Without new technology, we cannot make our society more inclusive,” Asakawa says. “A smart suitcase is a great showcase for how AI and technology can change the lives of the blind.”
8. What drove Asakawa to invent the suitcase?
A. The suggestion from an international airport.
B. The wish to finish her trip without any help.
C. The huge business advantages of the suitcase.
D. The experience of keeping the blind company
9. What can we say about the suitcase?
A. It can hold clothes.
B. It has yet to be widely used.
C. It has proved unhelpful for the blind.
D. It is ready to be commercially produced.
10. What does Asakawa think of the suitcase?
A. It will encourage more scientists to help the blind.
B. It will make the public care for the blind more.
C. It will hugely free up the blind's movements.
D. It will change people's way of traveling.
11. What is the best title for this text?
A. Technology is changing people's lives rapidly.
B. A robot suitcase makes traveling easy and popular.
C. Traveling alone requires much courage for the blind.
D. A smart suitcase could replace canes and guide dogs for the blind.
【答案】8. B 9. B 10. C 11. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了Asakawa为盲人发明了一款手提箱，这种智能行李箱可以代替盲人的拐杖和导盲犬，使盲人在没有任何帮助的情况下完成自己的旅行。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“If traveling alone she has to be helped at both ends of the flight, which sometimes includes endless waiting. Searching for a better replacement led Asakawa to invent a high-tech suitcase that helps get her to the place she wants to go safely.”（如果独自旅行，她必须在飞行的两端得到帮助，这有时包括无尽的等待。 为了寻找更好的替代品，Asakawa发明了一种高科技行李箱，可以帮助她安全地到达想去的地方）和第二段““I never relax when I travel alone,” she says. “I always think about what technology will help me travel easier, quicker and more comfortably.” It was this restlessness that led to the AI suitcase.”（“当我独自旅行时，我从不放松，”她说。 “我总是在想，什么样的技术能让我的旅行更轻松、更快、更舒适。” 正是这种坐立不安导致了人工智能行李箱的出现）可知,希望在没有任何帮助的情况下完成自己的旅行驱使Asakawa发明了手提箱。故选B。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Asakawa says there are hopes to commercialize the suitcase and a pilot scheme(试验计划)is planned to use it in an airport，a shopping mall and other public spaces.”（Asakawa说，有希望将这种行李箱商业化，并计划在机场、购物中心和其他公共场所使用它）可推知,这种行李箱还没有被广泛使用。故选B。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段““The blind people usually use a white cane (手杖)or a guide dog. It will open up many doors for blind people, because we'd be able to go anywhere by ourselves. Without new technology, we cannot make our society more inclusive,” Asakawa says. “A smart suitcase is a great showcase for how AI and technology can change the lives of the blind.””（“盲人通常使用白色手杖或导盲犬。 它将为盲人打开许多扇门，因为我们可以自己去任何地方。 没有新技术，我们就无法让我们的社会更具包容性，” Asakawa说， “智能手提箱是人工智能和技术如何改变盲人生活的一个很好的展示。” ）可推知,Asakawa认为这款行李箱将极大地解放盲人的活动。故选C 。
11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段““The blind people usually use a white cane （手杖）or a guide dog. It will open up many doors for blind people, because we'd be able to go anywhere by ourselves. Without new technology, we cannot make our society more inclusive,” Asakawa says. “A smart suitcase is a great showcase for how AI and technology can change the lives of the blind.””（“盲人通常使用白色手杖或导盲犬。 它将为盲人打开许多扇门，因为我们可以自己去任何地方。 没有新技术，我们就无法让我们的社会更具包容性，” Asakawa说， “智能手提箱是人工智能和技术如何改变盲人生活的一个很好的展示。” ）结合全文内容，可知这篇文章主要讲了Asakawa为盲人发明了一款手提箱，这种智能行李箱可以代替盲人的拐杖和导盲犬，使盲人在没有任何帮助的情况下完成自己的旅行。“一种智能行李箱可以代替盲人的拐杖和导盲犬”最适合作文章标题。故选D。
D
Ada Lovelace was born on December 10th 1815. Ada’s mother and father (the famous poet Lord George Gordon Byron) parted just weeks after she was born. Her mother feared her growing up with her father’s changeable nature. To stop this from happening, Ada was forced by her mother to learn science and mathematics which was unusual for women at the time. She was also punished if her work was not up to standard. However, she was greatly interested in mathematics and science and would perhaps have learned about them on her own.
Ada was partially disabled and as a result spent much time studying. Ada knew of her mother’s thought about keeping the creative side of her from germinating (萌芽) however, as Ada herself is known to have said, “If you can’t give me poetry at least give me poetical science.” Ada married at 19, to William King who was made Earl of Lovelace in 1838, at which point she became Lady Ada King, the Countess of Lovelace, but was known as Ada Lovelace. Ada and King had a relatively happy marriage, with King even encouraging his wife’s love for numbers.
During her youth Ada was introduced to the Scot, Mary Somerville, who was known as the “Queen of 19th Century Science” and was the first woman to be accepted into the Royal Astronomical Society. It was through Mary Somerville that Ada first heard of Charles Babbage’s idea for a new calculating (计算) engine. Attracted by this idea, Ada began a period of letter-writing with him that would come to decide her professional life.
Ada met Babbage when she was around 17 and the two became close friends. Babbage was working on an “Analytical Engine”, something he was designing to deal with complex (复杂的) calculations. Ada was later asked to translate an article. She not only translated the article but added pages and pages of notes, calculations and innovations (创新). Her notes were published in 1843 and it turned out that what she had written was so original, it is now seen as the first comprehensive comment on what would become modern-day computer programming. Although impressive, Ada was not actually given credit for the article until 1848.
12. What happened to Ada in her childhood?
A. She was pushed to learn scientific knowledge.
B. She had to compare herself with other women.
C. She gave up learning because of her father.
D. She was greatly cared for by her father.
13. What does the underlined sentence in paragraph 2 mean?
A. Ada thought poetry was boring.
B. Ada thought science was creative.
C. Ada was interested in both science and poetry.
D. Ada believed poetry was harder than science.
14. What decided Ada’s professional life?
A. The support of the Royal Astronomical Society. B. Her communication with Babbage.
C. Her husband’s encouragement. D. Somerville’s suggestions.
15. What did Ada do after she met Babbage?
A. She taught people how to program. B. She invented an “Analytical Engine”.
C. She praised Babbage’s achievements. D. She translated an article and developed it.
【答案】12. A 13. B 14. B 15. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了女科学家阿达·洛芙莱斯的主要事迹，展现了她对科学知识的热爱。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“To stop this from happening, Ada was forced by her mother to learn science and mathematics which was unusual for women at the time.(为了阻止这种情况的发生，艾达的母亲强迫她学习科学和数学，这在当时的女性中并不常见。)”可知，阿达的母亲强迫她学习科学知识。故选A。
【13题详解】
句意猜测题。根据第一段可知，阿达的父亲是英国诗人拜伦。她的父母分开之后，她的母亲不愿阿达继承拜伦身上感性、多变的特质，于是她强迫阿达学习数学和科学，并对她严格要求。对于母亲的想法，阿达了然于心。划线处与上文中的“keeping the creative side of her from germinating(让她的创造力无法萌发)”为顺承关系，目的是为了引出阿达说的话“如果不让我学习诗歌，那么至少让我学习富有诗意的科学”。结合上文中提到的阿达对数学表现出了浓厚的兴趣，我们可以推断，阿达将 poetry和science进行比较，说明她认为科学如诗歌般具有创造性。故选B。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Attracted by this idea, Ada began a period of letter-writing with him that would come to decide her professional life.(被这个想法吸引，阿达开始和他一起写信，后来决定了她的职业生涯。)”可知，阿达与查尔斯·巴贝奇针对科学知识展开的交流一定程度上决定了阿达以后的职业生涯。故选B。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“She not only translated the article but added pages and pages of notes, calculations and innovations (创新).(她不仅翻译了这篇文章，还添加了一页又一页的注释、计算和创新。)”可知，她不仅翻译了学术文章，并加注了很多自己原创的见解。故选D。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Florence Nightingale was named after her birthplace, Florence, Italy. When she was almost a year old, she returned with her family to England.
Florence often helped her mother deliver(运送) food to the poor and sick.___16___ Her family was shocked because nursing was not a respected profession.
But Florence was determined. She studied books on medicine. Later, she visited hospitals in France, Germany and Ireland and learned everything she could.___17___
In 1854, Britain was at war with Russia. Florence went to the British hospital in Scutari (now Üsküdar in Istanbul) and she was shocked. The hospital left men lying on the floor, and rats were running everywhere.___18___ Many soldiers died before receiving help.
The doctors wouldn’t listen to Florence because they didn’t like the idea of women in army hospitals—until one day 500 unexpected casualties(伤亡者) arrived. ___19___ Florence made changes, making sure the men were washed and their injuries were cared for. Every night she would check the patients with her lamp.
When she returned home after the war, a fund had been set up in her honor. Many of the soldiers she had nursed had made contributions(捐款).Now she could set up the Nightingale Training School in London.
After years of hard work, Florence Nightingale saw cleaner and more cheerful hospitals. ___20___ All of this was because of the “lady with the lamp”.
A. Nursing became an honored profession.
B. There was no running water and no heat.
C. She knew she had much to learn about nursing.
D. Florence saw the soldiers’ health had improved.
E. As she grew older, she decided to become a nurse.
F. They soon realized that Florence knew what she was doing.
G. Upon returning home, she was an expert on hospital management.
【答案】16. E 17. G 18. B 19. F 20. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇人物传记类阅读。文章介绍了Nightingale经过多年的努力，使得护理成为了一个令人尊敬的职业。
【16题详解】
下文Her family was shocked because nursing was not a respected profession.说她的家人感到震惊，因为护理不是一个受人尊敬的职业。该空引出下文，E选项“随着Nightingale慢慢长大，她决定要当一名护士”切题，故选E。
【17题详解】
上文Later, she visited hospitals in France, Germany and Ireland and learned everything she could.说后来，她去了法国、德国和爱尔兰的医院，尽她所能地学习。该空承接上文，G选项“回到英国后，Nightingale已经非常熟悉医院管理方面的知识”切题，故选G。
【18题详解】
B选项“没有自来水，也没有暖气。”与上一句The hospital left men lying on the floor, and rats were running everywhere.（医院的地上到处躺着人，到处都是老鼠）并列，描述医院的惨状，故选B。
【19题详解】
上文The doctors wouldn’t listen to Florence because they didn’t like the idea of women in army hospitals—until one day 500 unexpected casualties(伤亡者) arrived.说医生们不愿听从Florence的建议，因为他们不喜欢军队医院里有女性的存在——直到有一天，500名意外的伤员来到了医院。下文Florence made changes, making sure the men were washed and their injuries were cared for.说Florence做了一些改变，确保这些人被清洗干净，他们的伤势得到了治疗。该空承上启下，F选项“他们很快意识到Florence知道她在做什么”切题，故选F。
【20题详解】
根据上一段末句中的she could set up the Nightingale Training School in London（现在她可以在伦敦建立Nightingale培训学校了。）以及该段中的After years of hard work, Florence Nightingale saw cleaner and more cheerful hospitals.（经过多年的努力，Florence Nightingale看到了更干净、更令人愉快的医院。）可知，A选项“Nightingale经过多年的努力，使得护理成为了一个令人尊敬的职业”切题，故选A。
第三部分 语言运用
The small town of Rjukan in Norway is situated between several mountains and does not get direct sunlight from late September to mid-March- ___21___ six months out of the year.
“Of course, we ___22___ it when the sun is shining,” says Karin Ro, who works for the town’s tourism office. “We see the sky is ___23___, but down in the valley it’s darker — it’s like on a ___24___ day.”
But that ___25___ when a system of high-tech ___26___ was introduced to reflect sunlight from neighboring peaks(山峰) into the valley below. Wednesday, residents(居民) of Rjukan ___27___ their very first ray of winter sunshine: A row of reflective boards on a nearby mountainside were put to ___28___. The mirrors are controlled by a computer that ___29___ them to turn along with the sun throughout the ____30____ and to close during windy weather. They reflect a concentrated beam(束) of light onto the town’s central ____31____, creating an area of sunlight roughly 600 square meters. When the light ____32____, Rjukan residents gathered together.
“People have been ____33____ there and standing there and taking ____34____ of each other,” Ro says. “The town square was totally ____35____. I think almost all the people in the town were there.” The 3,500 residents cannot all ____36____ the sunshine at the same time. ____37____, the new light feels like more than enough for the town’s ____38____ residents.
“It’s not very ____39____,” she says, “but it is enough when we are ____40____.”
21. A. only B. obviously C. nearly D. precisely
22. A. fear B. believe C. hear D. notice
23. A. empty B. blue C. high D. wide
24. A. cloudy B. normal C. different D. warm
25. A. helped B. changed C. happened D. mattered
26. A. computers B. telescopes C. mirrors D. cameras
27. A. remembered B. forecasted C. received D. imagined
28. A. repair B. risk C. rest D. use
29. A. forbids B. directs C. predicts D. follows
30. A. day B. night C. month D. year
31. A. library B. hall C. square D. street
32. A. appeared B. returned C. faded D. stopped
33. A. driving B. hiding C. camping D. sitting
34. A. pictures B. notes C. care D. hold
35. A. new B. full C. flat D. silent
36. A. block B. avoid C. enjoy D. store
37. A. Instead B. However C. Gradually D. Similarly
38. A. nature-loving B. energy-saving C. weather-beaten D. sun-starved
39. A. big B. clear C. cold D. easy
40. A. trying B. waiting C. watching D. sharing
【答案】21. C 22. D 23. B 24. A 25. B 26. C 27. C 28. D 29. B 30. A 31. C 32. A 33. D 34. A 35. B 36. C 37. B 38. D 39. A 40. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述北欧一个小镇长达半年没有阳光照射，为此当地政府在附近的山顶安装了一套镜子设备把阳光反射到小镇的广场，让民众享受到自然的阳光。
【21题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。A. only仅仅；B. obviously显然地；C. nearly几乎；D. precisely准确的。根据前文from late September to mid-March可知，从九月底到三月中旬，差不多半年，故选C。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. fear害怕；B. believe相信；C. hear听见；D. notice注意。根据后文We see the sky is 43 , but down in the valley it’s darker可知，我们看到天空是蓝色的，但是到山谷的时候，就会变得更暗了，故可知太阳照耀的时候，我们观察得到，故选D。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。A. empty空的；B. blue蓝色的；C. high高的；D. wide宽的。根据常识可知，有太阳的时候，天空是蓝色的，故选B。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。A. cloudy多云的；B. normal正常的；C. different不同的；D. warm温暖的。根据前文down in the valley it’s darker可知，到山谷的时候，天变暗了，像阴天一样，故选A。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. helped帮助；B. changed改变；C. happened发生；D. mattered关系重大。根据后文可知，该镇引入一套阳光反射镜来改变这种情况，故选B。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. computers电脑；B. telescopes望远镜；C. mirrors镜子；D. cameras相机。根据后文to reflect sunlight from neighboring peaks可知，从附近的山顶上反射太阳光，故推知为一枚镜子，故选C。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. remembered记得；B. forecasted预报；C. received获得，收到；D. imagined想象。根据句意可知，该镇的居民获得了冬天里的第一缕阳光，故选C。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. repair修理；B. risk风险；C. rest休息；D. use使用。根据前一句their very first ray of winter sunshine可知，获得了冬天的第一缕阳光，是由于反射板投入使用了，故选D。put sth to use把某物投入使用。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些镜子由电脑控制，指导他们整天跟着太阳的位置移动而移动，在大风的天气就自动关闭。A. forbids禁止；B. directs指导，导演；C. predicts预测；D. follows跟随，追随。本句描述这套系统的工作原理，电脑控制镜子的移动，故选B。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. day白天；B. night夜晚；C. month月；D. year年。根据文章可知，太阳光出现在白天，故选A。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. library图书馆；B. hall大厅；C. square广场；D. street街道。根据后文The town square可知，镜子反射聚集的光会照在小镇的中心广场上，故选C。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. appeared出现；B. returned归还；C. faded褪去；D. stopped停止。根据后文Rjukan residents gathered together可知，当光照出现的时候，居民出来，故选A。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. driving驾驶；B. hiding隐藏；C. camping露营；D. sitting坐。根据本句and standing there可知，光照出现的时候，人们会出来活动，坐在那里，站在那里，故选D。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. pictures照片，图片；B. notes笔记；C. care照顾；D. hold抓住。根据文章可知，会彼此拍照，故选A。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。A. new新的；B. full满的；C. flat平坦的；D. silent沉默的。根据后文I think almost all the people in the town were there.可知，差不多全镇的人都在广场上，故可知广场全是人，故选B。
【36题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. block阻挡；B. avoid避免；C. enjoy喜欢，享受；D. store储存。根据句意可知，并不是3500名居民都能同时享受到太阳光，故选C。
【37题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。A. Instead代替；B. However然而；C. Gradually逐渐地；D. Similarly相似地。前一句意思是说并不是3500名居民都能同时享受到太阳光，后一句表达新的光线对小镇人们的意义不仅仅是提供光线，前后句属于转折关系，故选B。
【38题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。A. nature-loving热爱自然的；B. energy-saving节能的；C. weather-beaten受风雨侵蚀的；D. sun-starved渴望阳光的。根据前文可知，小镇差不多半年没有阳光，故可知小镇人们渴望阳光，故选D。
【39题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。A. big大的；B. clear清晰的；C. cold冷的；D. easy容易的。根据前文可知，镜子反射的光线有限，范围不够大，故选A。
【40题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. trying尝试；B. waiting等待；C. watching观看；D. sharing分享。大家一起分享就足够了，故选D。
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A 90-year-old has been awarded “Woman Of The Year” for ___41___(be) Britain’s oldest full-time employee—still working 40 hours a week. Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield, ___42___ she opened with her late husband Les. Her years of hard work have ___43___(final) been acknowledged after a customer nominated(提名) her to be Cheshire’s Woman Of The Year.
Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award, proud Irene ___44___(declare) she had no plans ___45___(retire) from her 36-year-old business. Irene said, “I don’t see any reason to give up work. I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I ___46___(make) over the years. I work not because I have to, ___47___ because I want to.”
Granddaughter Gayle Parks, 31—who works alongside her in the family business—said it remained unknown as to who nominated Irene for the award. She said, “We don’t have any idea who put grandma forward. When we got a call ___48___(say) she was short-listed, we thought it was ___49___ joke. But then we got an official letter and we were blown away. We are so proud of her. It’s ____50____(wonder).”
【答案】41. being
42. which 43. finally
44. declared
45. to retire
46. have made
47. but 48. saying
49. a 50. wonderful
【解析】
【分析】本文为一篇记叙文。文章讲述了九十高龄的Irene作为英国最年长的全职员工，依然在宠物店做着朝九晚五的工作，没有退休的打算，她由此被评为“年度女士”。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。根据其前介词for可知，此处用动名词形式作宾语，故填being。
【42题详解】
考查非限制性定语从句。分析句子结构可知，先行词为the pet shop，在非限制性定语从句中作opened一词的宾语，故用which。
【43题详解】
考查副词用法。根据空格所处位置可知，此处应用副词形式作状语，修饰谓语动词have been acknowledged，意为“最终得到认可”，故填finally。
【44题详解】
考查时态。根据上下文可知，该句主语为Irene，此处为谓语成分，根据后文had以及said可知，用一般过去时态，故填declared。
【45题详解】
考查不定式作定语。此处用to do sth作后置定语，用来修饰前面的名词plan，表示“……的计划”，故填to retire。
【46题详解】
考查动词时态。根据该定语从句中的时间状语“over the years”可知，此处用现在完成时态，句意：我喜欢到这里来看看我的家人和我这些年来交到的朋友们。故填have made。
【47题详解】
考查并列连词。根据句意逻辑可知，此处为转折关系，句意：我工作不是因为我不得不做，而是因为我想做。此处用but与前文not呼应，构成“不是……而是……”之意，故填but。
【48题详解】
考查非谓语动词。前面已经有谓语动词call，故此处用非谓语动词形式，根据say与其逻辑主语call是主动关系，故填saying。
【49题详解】
考查冠词用法。句意：我们还以为这是一个玩笑。此处joke为泛指，故填a。
【50题详解】
考查形容词作表语。根据句子结构可知，在系动词is之后用形容词形式作表语，故填wonderful。
第四部分 语言基础(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：
1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
I’ve had many dreams since I was a child. Now my dream is to opens a cafe. Though it may appear simple it required a lot of ideas and efforts. What I want is not just an ordinarily cafe but a very special one. I want my cafe have a special theme such as like “Tang Dynasty”. In the cafe, customers will enjoy yourselves in the historical environment what is created for them. If I succeed in manage one, I will open more. I wish to have a chain of cafes in many different city. Each of my cafes will have a different theme and an unique style.
【答案】opens→open
required→requires
ordinarily→ordinary
cafe后面加上to
去掉like
yourselves→themselves
what→that/which
manage→managing
city→cities
an→a
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文，本文讲述了作者的梦想是开咖啡馆。
【详解】1. 考查不定式的用法。不定式作表语，to后用动词原形。故把opens改为open。
2. 考查动词的时态。短文的主体时态都是现在时，故把required改为requires。
3. 考查形容词的用法。修饰名词cafe，应用形容词，ordinarily是副词。故把ordinarily改为 ordinary。
4. 考查动词的固定搭配。want sb to do sth想要某人做某事。故在have前加to。
5. 考查介词的用法。such as和like都是用来举例子，重复了。故把like删除。
6. 考查代词的用法。customers是句子的主语，故把yourselves改为themselves。
7. 考查定语从句。先行词environment在从句中作主语，指物，关系代词用that/which。故 把what改为that/which。
8. 考查固定短语。succeed in doing something意为“成功做了某事”，是固定短语。故把manage改为managing。
9. 考查名词单复数。many different后跟可数名词的复数形式。故把city改为cities。
10. 考查冠词的用法。an用在元音音素前，a用在辅音因素前。unique是以辅音音素开头的单词，前用a。故把an改为a。
第二节 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 (20分)
52. This report is an ________(acknowledge) of the size of the problem. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】acknowledgement
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：这份报告承认了问题的严重性。an +名词+of。根据句意，故填acknowledgement。
53. The government is ________(commit) to solving the housing problem as soon as possible. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】committed
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：政府致力于尽快解决住房问题。be committed to献身于，致力于。根据句意，故填committed。
54. I’ve come to the ________(conclude) that he’s not the right person for the job. (所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】conclusion
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：我已得出结论，他不是这项工作的合适人选。to为介词后接名词，come to the conclusion“ 得出结论”。故填conclusion。
55. She laid the baby down ________(gentle) on the bed. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】gently
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：她轻轻地把孩子放在床上。修饰动词用副词作状语，故填gently。
56. Shortages of ________(profession) staff are very severe in some places. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】professional
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：在一些地方，专业人员短缺非常严重。形容词professional作定语，修饰名词staff。故填professional。
57. I used to adopt effective methods to achieve my ________(academy) goals. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】academic
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：我曾经采取有效的方法来实现我的学业目标。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词goals，academy的形容词是academic，意为“学业的”，故填academic。
58. In the good care of the nurses, the boy is ________(gradual) recovering from his heart operation. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】gradually
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：在护士们的精心照料下，这个男孩正在从心脏手术中逐渐康复。空格处用副词gradually修饰动词recovering，gradually意为“逐渐”，故填gradually。
59. As a ________(consequent), the number of polar bears is becoming smaller and smaller. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】consequence
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：因此，北极熊的数量越来越少。名词consequence作宾语，as a consequence (因此)。故填consequence。
60. She is considered as one of the greatest American________ (novel) of her generation. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】novelists
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：她被认为是她那一代美国最伟大的小说家之一。根据句意，此处应是指“最伟大的美国小说家之一”，应填novelist,表示“小说家”，one of the +最高级+名词复数，表示“最……之一”，用复数，故填novelists。
61. There is no doubt that Beijing opera has a ________ (distinct) style. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】distinctive
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：毫无疑问，京剧有其独特的风格。修饰名词 style，前用形容词形式。根据句意，故填distinctive。
62. He acknowledged ________ (donate) a great deal of money to the flooded area. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】donating##having donated
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他承认向洪灾地区捐赠了大量资金。“承认做过某事”，通常用acknowledge doing sth.，或acknowledge having done sth.。故填donating/having donated。
63. She insisted that the man had stolen her wallet and that they ________(wait) for the policeman. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】should wait##wait
【解析】
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：她坚持说那个人偷了她的钱包，坚持要求他们应该等警察。insist后接两个宾语从句，insist表示“坚持说：坚决认为（多与别人的观点不同）”，接that宾语从句（从句的动作多为己发生之事），从句使用陈述语气；insist表示“坚持要求、坚持主张”，接that宾语从句（用虚拟语气），从句谓语用“(should)+动词原形”。故填(should) wait。
64. ________ possible, I will take up a new position. （用适当的词填空）
【答案】If
【解析】
【详解】考查连词。句意：如果可能的话，我会找一个新的职位。if possible如果可能的话，省略了“主语+动词be的适当形式”。根据句意，故填If。
65. Humans take ________oxygen and breathe out carbon dioxide. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】in
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意：人类吸入氧气，呼出二氧化碳。由“oxygen and breathe out carbon dioxide”可知，句子表示“人类吸入氧气，呼出二氧化碳”，“吸入”是固定短语take in，故填in。
66. It is a great honor for me ________(have) an opportunity to attend the interview here today. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】to have
【解析】
【详解】考查不定式。句意：我很荣幸有机会参加今天的面试。it is a great honor for sb. to do sth.“某人有幸做某事”是固定句型，it形式主语，have用不定式作主语。故填to have。
67. Our team ________(defeat) last night, which made us sad and disappointed.(所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】was defeated
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：我们队昨晚被打败了，这让我们既伤心又失望。分析句子可知，此处应填动词作谓语，主语为Our team，单数形式，与谓语动词之间是被动关系，结合时间状语last night可知，此处应用一般过去时的被动语态结构，故应用was defeated。故填was defeated。
68. The company’s ________(commit) to providing quality at a reasonable price has been vital to its success. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】commitment
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：这家公司保证供货质优价廉的承诺对它的成功起了决定性的作用。company’s后跟名词，commit的名词是commitment，意为“承诺”，由后面的has可知，空格处用单数，故填commitment。
69. Tu Youyou was awarded the Nobel Prize, ________ is considered one of the highest international honors a person can receive. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】which
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：屠呦呦获得了诺贝尔奖，这被认为是一个人能获得的最高国际荣誉之一。空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词Nobel Prize是物，因此空格处用关系代词which引导定语从句，故填which。
70. ________is reported, the number of smokers has dropped by 17 percent in just one year. （用适当的词填空）
【答案】As
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：据报道，仅一年内，吸烟者人数就下降了17%。句子作用为修饰限定整个主句，所以判定句子为非限制性定语从句，关系词替代先行词（该句指主句内容），意为“正如、正像”之意，从句缺主语，且放句首，用关系代词as，首字母大写。故填As。
71. Later, the medicine was tested on malaria patients, most of_recovered. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】whom
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：后来，这种药在疟疾患者身上进行了测试，大多数患者都康复了。此处为“介词+关系代词”结构非限制性定语从句修饰先行词patients，且作介词of的宾语，指人，应用关系代词whom。故填whom。
第三节 (共5小题，每题1分)
选择并填入正确形式的词组来完成句子。
come to power, under no circumstances, have a passion for, on end, to sum up, by chance, wear and tear, flow chat

72. ________would we give up protecting the environment.
73. It is well known that the French truly ________ good food.
74. He is a wonderful companion and we can talk for hours ________.
75. I came here ________ and was just watching what was going on, when this girl attacked me.
76. Since he ________ in 1919, the whole county has changed completely.
【答案】72. Under no circumstances
73. have a passion for
74. on end 75. by chance
76. came to power
【解析】
【72题详解】
考查介词短语。句意：我们决不会放弃保护环境。under no circumstances (决不，无论如何)符合句意，该短语放句首用部分倒装结构，首字母大写，故填Under no circumstances。
【73题详解】
考查动词短语和时态。句意：众所周知，法国人确实对美食充满热情。have a passion for (钟爱、热爱)符合句意，客观事实，该空谓语用一般现在时，the French做主语时谓语应该用复数，故填have a passion for。
【74题详解】
考查介词短语。句意：他是一个很好伴侣，我们可以连续聊上几个小时。on end (连续地、持续地)符合句意，故填on end。
【75题详解】
考查介词短语。句意：我碰巧来到这里，正在观察发生了什么，这时这个女孩袭击了我。by chance (碰巧)符合句意，故填by chance。
【76题详解】
考查动词短语和时态。句意：自从他1919年上台以来，整个郡已经完全改变了。come to power (上台)符合句意，结合时间状语in 1919可知， 该空谓语用一般过去时，故填came to power。