2022-2023学年上海市高二上学期英语上外版（2019）期末练习题（二）（解析版）

这是一份2022-2023学年上海市高二上学期英语上外版（2019）期末练习题（二）（解析版），共29页。
上外版选修1 Unit 1—选修2 Units 2
期末练习题(二)
第I卷 (共100分)
I. Listening Comprehension (25分)
Section A (10分)
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

A. 15 dollars. B. 20 dollars.
C. 25 dollars. D. 45 dollars.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: I’ve received this month’s gas bill of 20 dollars and electricity bill of 25 dollars.
W: The three of us share the apartment and we will share the total cost equally.
Q: How much is the woman’s share of the bills?
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

A. To the gallery. B. To the dentist’s.
C. To her flat. D. To the garage.
【答案】D
【解析】
【原文】M: There is an oil painting exhibition at the national gallery. And John will go there with me this afternoon after he has his teeth examined. You care to join us?
W: I’d love to. But I had a flat tire just now. I’m afraid I have to have it checked.
Q: Where will the woman probably go this afternoon?
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

A. She was fired by the company.
B. She broke the law.
C. She is on leave right now.
D. She is replacing the company’s website.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: Miss James just gave birth to a baby and according to the law, she won’t be back in the office in the next three months. We have to find a replacement.
M: Sure. We’ve already added a job opening on our company’s website.
Q: What is TRUE about Miss James?
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

A. Patient and doctor. B. Resident and government official.
C. Customer and insurance agent. D. Boss and secretary.
【答案】C
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】W: Mr. Robinson. The life policy you are going to sign with us will guarantee that you won't be worried about the heavy fees to treat certain serious diseases like cancer.
M: That's good.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

A. He was sitting opposite Mr. Johnson.
B. He is planning a farewell party for Mr. Johnson.
C. All the tasks that Mr. Johnson did failed.
D He is glad Mr. Johnson left the company.
【答案】D
【解析】
【原文】W: You must be very sad as Mr. Johnson has left your company?
M: Quite the opposite. Finally I don’t have to take over the tasks he has messed up.
Q: What does the man mean?
6. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

A. She prefers dogs to cats.
B. She had a close relationship with the man’s daughter.
C. She used to sorrow over her dog’s death.
D. She is always in low spirits.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: My daughter has been in low spirits lately as her pet cat died.
W: I felt the same three years ago when I lost my pet dog forever.
Q: What does the woman mean?
7. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

A. The woman should get the chips herself.
B. The woman shouldn’t eat chips.
C. The woman used to have several heart attacks.
D. The woman warned the man against heart attacks.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: Honey, would you please pass on that box of chips to me?
M: Chips? Have you forgotten what the doctor warned you of when you had the heart attack?
Q: What does the man mean?
8. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

A. They plan to have the meeting in another place.
B. The availability of the meeting room will be discussed.
C. They have already had the meeting.
D. They will have the meeting sometime later.
【答案】D
【解析】
【原文】W: Aren’t we supposed to have a meeting this afternoon?
M: It was the plan but then it turned out that the meeting room was occupied and we had to postpone it.
Q: What does the man mean?
9. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

A. The car’s demand greatly exceeds supply.
B. The woman has listed the car’s advantages.
C. The woman received a car a month ago.
D. The woman didn’t like the car.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: Does the newly-released sports car sell well?
W: Actually, the car is so popular that I am still on the waiting list after a month.
Q: What does the woman mean?
10. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

A. She won’t do the presentation.
B. She needs to collect a lot of data for the presentation.
C. She is still at an early stage of preparation for the presentation.
D. The topic is most important for the presentation.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: Are you ready for your presentation at the workshop?
W: I’m still chewing on the topic, let alone outlining the presentation and collecting data.
Q: What does the woman mean?
Section B (15分)
Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked questions on each of them. The passages and conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

11.
A. A schedule with all the activities and time on it.
B. A schedule you make for your friends.
C. A schedule you make for your boss.
D. A schedule you make for your parents.
12. A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five.
13.
A. To achieve your long-term goals.
B. To plan your time well.
C. To finish your homework.
D. To list all of the work that you have to do.
【答案】11. A 12. B 13. B
【解析】
【原文】Have you ever forgotten an appointment at the doctor’s or been late in getting to your part-time job? Occasionally, these difficulties happen to everybody. However, you can avoid such problems if you write out a schedule. It will help you to find out how much time you have to do the things that are important as well as those that are fun.
A master schedule can be used to find out how much time you really have for activities. This schedule lists all of the activities that you must complete. A weekly schedule can also be used to help you plan time for the things you really like to do. It should also include activities that will help you to achieve lifetime, long-term and short-term goals. Finally, it should include your study time and free time. Free time is necessary so that you can make needed changes in your schedule. A daily schedule is a final suggestion to help you plan your time.
Qs: 1. What does “a master schedule” mean?
2. How many different schedules are mentioned?
3. What can you use your daily schedule to do?
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

14.
A. Always happy and easy.
B. Always rich and relaxed.
C. Always hard and relaxed.
D. Always hard and tired.
15.
A. A pop singer is somewhat afraid of meeting his fans.
B. A pop singer is free to see his fans.
C. The pop singers become famous easily.
D. The pop singers can’t save any money.
16.
A. To show off his wealth to his fans.
B To keep himself smart and different.
C. To advertise the clothes in business.
D. To make his fame bigger.
【答案】14. D 15. A 16. B
【解析】
【原文】 Many young people think that pop singers always lead a happy and easy life. In fact, a pop singer has to work very hard to become popular. He must either give the public what they really want, or he must find a new way of singing that will attract others’ attention. Even when he succeeds, and his records are sold everywhere, he cannot relax. Then he must work harder than ever to remain popular, because there are always younger singers trying to become famous.
The life of a successful pop singer isn’t at all easy. He can only relax when he is alone, because everything he does is watched and reported in special newspapers written for fans. The fans are the most important people in the world for singers. They buy his records, they go to his concerts, and they make him rich and famous. But they can be very dangerous, too. Sometimes they do anything to get a souvenir. They steal handkerchiefs, they tear off buttons, and they even cut off pieces of unfortunate singer’s hair. Many singers have been forced to hide. A pop singer has to spend a lot of money on clothes, because he must always look smart and different. And most important, he must always keep smiling.
Qs: 14. How is the life of a successful pop singer according to this passage?
15. What can be inferred from this passage?
16. Why does the pop singer have a lot of fashionable clothes?
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

17.
A. A ticket collector.
B. A jeweller.
C. A policeman.
D. A waiter.
18.
A. A wallet and money.
B. Some men’s watches.
C. Fruits and bread.
D. A wallet and a watch.
19.
A. Because she stole something.
B. Because she was too rude to him.
C. Because she smoked in public places.
D. Because she lost her watches.
20.
A. Selfishly. B. Wrongly.
C. Politely. D. Shyly.
【答案】17. C 18. B 19. A 20. C
【解析】
【原文】M: Excuse me, Madam.
W: Yes?
M: Would you mind letting me take a look in your bag?
W: Well, I’m afraid I certainly do mind. Now go away.
M: I’m sorry. I’m just trying to do my job, but I’m afraid you’re making it rather difficult. However, I must insist on seeing what you have in your bag.
W: And what do you expect to find in there? Jewels?
M: Madam, if there’s nothing that doesn’t belong to you, you can leave right away and I’ll apologise for the inconvenience.
W: Oh, very well. Here you are.
M: Thank you. And ten men’s watches?
W: Yes. I get very nervous if I don’t know the time.
M: I bet you do, madam. Well. I’m afraid I’m going to have to ask you to come along with me.
W: How dare you! I ...
Qs: 1. What does the man probably do?
2. What’s in the woman’s bag?
3. Why does the man stop the woman?
4. How does the man act towards the woman?
II. Grammar and Vocabulary (20分)
Section A (10分)
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
A New Start with Red Shoes
I still remember the day ____21____ I went to the market, after being caged at home for nearly one month ____22____ the COVID-19 epidemic.
People ____23____ (wear) masks walked slowly in the market, ____24____ (bargain) casually with the vendors (小贩), and enjoyed the time that they could come out freely again.
It was a large market in my hometown in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, ____25____ Han, Uygur and Kazakh people sold their specialties—homegrown vegetables, homemade yogurt, dried fruits and even ethnic clothes and musical instruments.
Then a pair of red boots ____26____ (appear), worn by a young Uygur woman walking in my direction.
Among the people dressed in dark colours, the red shoes, like a flash, soon highlighted her whole ensemble (全套服装) and left a strong impression with me.
In that moment, I suddenly realised the beauty of red, especially as the colour of shoes.
It projected a sexy vitality, a strong desire ____27____ (enjoy) life and a subtle statement about one’s existence in the world.
This is exactly ____28____ people need to start after a natural disaster, like the epidemic ____29____ is still sweeping around the world.
In the foreseeable future, the virus will be conquered. And ____30____ we win the battle, we’ll wear a pair of red shoes to celebrate the victory and begin our new life.
【答案】21. when
22. due to##thanks to##because of
23. wearing
24. bargained
25. where 26. appeared
27. to enjoy
28. what 29. that##which
30. when
【解析】
【导语】本文是夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述作者因为新冠肺炎疫情我在家被关了将近一个月后去市场的那一天看到了有人穿着一双红色的鞋子，这让作者想到红色代表庆祝胜利。
【21题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：我仍然记得因为新冠肺炎疫情我在家被关了将近一个月后去市场的那一天。分析句子结构和意思可知，____1____ I went to the market, after being caged at home for nearly one month ____2____ the COVID-19 epidemic是定语从句，先行词the day在从句中作时间状语，用关系副词when引导。故填when。
【22题详解】
考查介词短语。句意：见第1题详解。分析句子结构和意思可知，空格前后是因果关系，后面是名词短语，所以用表示原因的介词短语。故填due to/thanks to/because of。
【23题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：戴着口罩的人们在市场上慢慢地走着，随意地和小贩讨价还价，并享受着他们可以再次自由出来的时光。分析句子结构和意思可知，动词wear是主语People主动发出的动作，并和谓语动词walked同时发生，所以用现在分词形式，表示主动和同时进行，作后置定语。故填wearing。
【24题详解】
考查谓语动词。句意：将第3题详解。分析句子结构和意思可知，动作bargain和walked，enjoyed是and并列的3个谓语动作，这句话描述的是过去的事情，谓语用一般过去时。故填bargained。
【25题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：这是我家乡新疆维吾尔自治区的一个大市场，在这里，汉族、维吾尔族和哈萨克族人出售他们的特色菜、自制酸奶、干果，甚至民族服装和乐器。分析句子结构和意思可知，____5____ Han, Uygur and Kazakh people sold their specialties—homegrown vegetables, homemade yogurt, dried fruits and even ethnic clothes and musical instrument是定语从句，先行词market在从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where引导。故填where。
【26题详解】
考查谓语动词。句意：然后一双红色的靴子出现了，一个年轻的维吾尔族妇女穿着它朝我的方向走来。分析句子结构和意思可知，这句话描述的是过去的事情，谓语用一般过去时。故填appeared。
【27题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：它投射出一种性感的活力，一种强烈的享受生活的欲望，以及一种关于人在世界上存在的微妙陈述。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要动词不定式作后置定语。a strong desire to do sth.意为“一种做某事的强烈欲望”。故填to enjoy。
【28题详解】
考查表语从句。句意：这正是人们在自然灾害后需要开始的，就像疫情仍在席卷全球一样。分析句子结构和意思可知，____8____ people need to start after a natural disaster是表语从句，从句中缺少动词need的宾语，表示“什么”的意思，用连接词what引导。故填what。
【29题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：见第8题详解。分析句子结构和意思可知，____9____ is still sweeping around the world是定语从句，先行词epidemic在从句中作主语，指物，用关系代词that/which引导。故填that/which。
【30题详解】
考查时间状语从句。句意：当我们赢得这场战斗时，我们将穿一双红鞋庆祝胜利，开始我们的新生活。分析句子结构和意思可知，第一个小分句是整个句子的时间状语，表示“当......时候”。所以用连词when（后接延续性动词或非延续性动词）引导。故填when。
Section B (10分)
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. frequent B. confusing C. deeply D. gestures E. westerners F. signal
G. apologise H. immediately I. embarrassed J. photos K. represents
Most people of the world do not bow (鞠躬) to each other, but Japanese people do. They often bow when they meet. Men bow to men and women bow to women. Men and women may bow to each other, but usually only if they do not know each other. The younger or more junior person bows more ____31____ than the older, or more senior person. The Japanese also bow to say “thank you” for something, or to ____32____ for something, or when they say goodbye.
Schoolchildren do not bow to each other. Schoolgirls say goodbye to each other by waving their hands and saying “bye-bye”. Schoolboys may copy ____33____ and pat each other on the back or make “high fives” with their hands.
Many types of hand ____34____ have special meanings. You may see Japanese people put their thumb and index finger together to form a circle. This circle ____35____ a coin and the gesture is the sign for money. To ____36____ that someone is crazy, the Japanese move their hands in a circular motion above their ears. After a couple of turns, they open their hand with their finger pointing up, and say “Pah!” If the Japanese want to indicate “me” without using words, they point to themselves by putting a finger to their noses, but westerners would point to their chests. All young Japanese children learn to make a “V” sign with their middle and index fingers when someone takes their ____37____. In Japan, this sign means “peace”, but in England this sign means “victory”. To say “No”, “I don’t know” or “I don’t understand”, Japanese people wave their hands in front of their faces, so it may be difficult to understand exactly what someone means.
Nodding of the head may also be ____38____. When Japanese people nod their heads, it does not mean they agree with what you are saying; it means that they understand what you are saying. You must also be careful not to misunderstand a smile. When the Japanese smile they may not be happy, in fact they may be ____39____.
As in most countries in the world, Japanese people use a lot of body language. You will understand some of it ____40____ and some of it will be new or puzzling to you.
【答案】31. C 32. G
33. E 34. D
35. K 36. F
37. J 38. B
39. I 40. H
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了日本人经常使用肢体语言，并介绍了不同的肢体语言的含义。
【31题详解】
考查副词。句意：较年轻或年少的人比较年长的人鞠躬更深。此处应用副词修饰动词bows，作状语，表示“更深”，应用副词deeply与more构成比较级，故选C。
【32题详解】
考查动词。句意：日本人说“谢谢”时也会鞠躬，或者为某事道歉，或者当他们说再见的时候都会鞠躬。空前的to是不定式，表示目的，由句意可知，此处表示“道歉”应用动词apologise，故选G。
【33题详解】
考查名词。句意： 学生们可能会模仿西方人，互相拍拍对方的背，或者用手击掌庆祝。此处应用名词作宾语，由句意可知，此处指“模仿西方人”，所以应用名词复数westerners(西方人)，表示泛指，故选E。
【34题详解】
考查名词。句意：许多种手势都有特殊的含义。此处表示“手势”应用短语hand gesture，且gesture为可数名词，此处应用复数表示泛指，故选D。
【35题详解】
考查动词。句意：这个圆圈代表一枚硬币，手势代表金钱。空处在and前的句子中作谓语，表示“代表”应用动词represent，且由is可知，句子应用一般现在时，主语this circle是单数，represent应用三单形式，故选K。
【36题详解】
考查动词。句意：为了发出某人很疯狂的信号，日本人在他们的耳朵上方做圆周运动。分析句子结构可知，逗号后面是主句，前面是不定式作状语，所以to是不定式符号，后面应用动词原形，此处表示“发出信号”应用动词signal，故选F。
【37题详解】
考查名词。句意：所有年幼的日本孩子都学会在别人给他们拍照时用中指和食指做一个“V”形手势。此处应用名词作宾语，表示“照照片”应用take photos，故选J。
【38题详解】
考查形容词。句意： 点头也可能令人困惑。此处应用形容词作表语，表示“令人困惑的”为形容词confusing，故选B。
【39题详解】
考查形容词。句意：当日本人微笑时，他们可能不高兴，事实上，他们可能会感到尴尬。此处应用形容词作表语，表示“尴尬的”，应用形容词embarrassed。故选I。
【40题详解】
考查副词。句意：你会立即理解其中的一些意思，而其中的一些对你来说是新的或令人困惑的。此处应用副词修饰动词understand，作状语，表示“立即”应用副词immediately，故选H。
III. Reading Comprehension (45分)
Section A (15分)
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C, and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
Some children are natural-born bosses. They have a strong need to make ____41____, manage their environment, and lead rather than ____42____. Stephen Jackson, a Year One student, “operates under the theory of what’s mine is mine and what’s yours is mine,” says his mother. “The other day I bought two new Star Wars Lightsabers (光剑). Later, I saw Stephen with the two ____43____ ones while his brother was using the old ones.”
“____44____ the extended family, and you’ll probably find a bossy grandparent, aunt, uncle or cousin in every ____45____. It’s an inheritable trait (遗传的特征),” says Russell Barkley, a professor at the Medical University of South Carolina. Other children who may not be particularly bossy can gradually gain dominance when they ____46____ their parents are weak, hesitant, or in disagreement with each other.
Whether it’s inborn nature or developed ____47____ at work, too much control in the hands of the young isn’t ____48____ for children or the family. Fear is at the root of a lot of bossy behaviour, says family psychologist John Taylor. Children, he says in his book From Defiance to Cooperation, “have secret feelings of weakness” and “a desire to feel safe.” It’s the parents’ role to provide that ____49____.
When a “bossy child” doesn’t learn limits at home, he is to face lots of troubles _____50_____ the family. The overly willful and unbending (倔强的) child may have trouble _____51_____ teachers and coaches, for example, or trouble keeping friends. It can be pretty _____52_____ as the top dog because no one likes your bossy ways.
“I see more and more parents giving up their _____53_____,” says Barkley, who has studied bossy behaviour for more than 30 years. “They bend too far because they don’t want to be as _____54_____ as their own parents were. But they also feel less _____55_____ about their own parenting skills. Their kids, in turn, feel more anxious.
41. A. attempt B. chances C. decisions D. money
42. A. change B. guide C. instruct D. follow
43. A. old B. used C. small D. new
44. A. Examine B. View C. Watch D. Notice
45. A. aspect B. generation C. place D. level
46. A. delight B. annoy C. disapprove D. sense
47. A. character B. method C. means D. hobby
48. A. happy B. healthy C. harmful D. useful
49. A. weakness B. secret C. protection D. pressure
50. A. outside B. from C. upon D. inside
51. A. helping B. obeying C. objecting D. finding
52. A. excellent B. confident C. lonely D. proud
53. A. study B. decision C. interest D. power
54. A. helpful B. strict C. polite D. changeable
55. A. eager B. proud C. helpless D. confident
【答案】41. C 42. D 43. D 44. A 45. B 46. D 47. A 48. B 49. C 50. A 51. B 52. C 53. D 54. B 55. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了很多家庭中的孩子专横的性格形成的背景、危害及原因。
【41题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们有强烈的愿望作决策，调度周围的环境，并且领导他人而不是遵从命令。A. attempt尝试；B. chances机会；C. decisions决定；D. money金钱。根据前文“Some children are natural-born bosses”可知，作为领导老板，作决策是必要的工作。故选C项。
【42题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们有强烈的愿望作决策，调度周围的环境，并且领导他人而不是遵从命令。A. change改变；B. guide指导；C. instruct教导；D. follow跟随。根据前文“and lead rather than”可知，老板的角色要求的是具有卓越的领导力，而不是遵照执行命令。故选D项。
【43题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后，我看见史蒂芬拿着两把新的光剑，而他的弟弟拿着旧的。A. old旧的；老的；B. used用过的；C. small小的；D. new新的。根据下文“while his brother was using the old ones”可知，while引导的从句中，前后的行为动作构成对比，该句指史蒂芬用新的光剑，他的弟弟则用旧的光剑。故选D项。
【44题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们关注大家庭时可能会发现一个权威专横的祖父母、姑姑、伯父或者同辈表亲。A. Examine检查；剖析；B. View看待；C. Watch观看；D. Notice注意。根据“says Russell Barkley, a professor at the Medical University of South Carolina.”可知，家族中很可能有一个权威专横的成员，这是Russell Barkley教授对这一现象进行细致的分析研究得出的结论。故选A项。
【45题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们关注大家庭时可能会发现一个权威专横的祖父母、姑姑、伯父或者同辈表亲。A. aspect方面；B. generation代；辈；C. place放置；D. level水平。根据“It’s an inheritable trait (遗传的特征),”可知，家族中权威专横的成员可能出现在每一辈中。故选B项。
【46题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：其他可能不是特别专横的孩子会在意识到自己的父母软弱、犹豫不决或彼此意见不一致后，逐渐获得主导地位。A. delight使……高兴；B. annoy使……厌烦；C. disapprove不同意；D. sense意识到。根据下文“their parents are weak, hesitant, or in disagreement with each other.”可知，不那么专横的孩子意识到父母的软弱后会逐渐获得主导地位。故选D项。
【47题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：无论这是与生俱来的天性还是在工作中形成的性格，年幼的孩子如果具有太多的支配权利对他们以及家庭都是有害的。A. character角色；性格；B. method方法；C. means手段；D. hobby爱好。结合上下文可知，主语it指代专横，这是一种性格。故选A项。
【48题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：无论这是与生俱来的天性还是在工作中形成的性格，年幼的孩子如果具有太多的支配权利对他们以及家庭都是有害的。A. happy快乐的；B. healthy健康的；C. harmful有害的；D. useful有用的。根据下文“When a “bossy child” doesn’t learn limits at home, he is to face lots of troubles ____10____ the family.”可知，专横的孩子如果不懂得克制，会遇到很多困扰，麻烦不断。故选B项。
【49题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：父母的角色就是为孩子提供保护，让他们有安全感。A. weakness弱点；B. secret秘密；C. protection保护；D. pressure压力。根据前文“Children, he says in his book From Defiance to Cooperation, “have secret feelings of weakness” and “a desire to feel safe.””可知，专横的孩子内心深处极度不安，缺乏安全感，而家长的角色就是保护好孩子。故选C项。
【50题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：一个专横的孩子在家不能学会克制，在外就会遭遇很多困扰，麻烦不断。A. outside在……外面；B. from来自；C. upon在……上面；D. inside在……里面。根据前文“When a “bossy child” doesn’t learn limits at home,”可知，该句描述专横的孩子在家庭环境中没有学会克制的话，就会无法适应家庭以外的环境，遭遇到许多问题。故选A项。
【51题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：过于任性和倔强的孩子也许不能很好服从老师和教练的指令。A. helping帮助；B. obeying遵从；C. objecting反对；D. finding发现。根据下文“or trouble keeping friends”可知，专横的孩子可能在学校环境中，处理不好与周围人的关系：无法遵照师长的指令，与同辈人很难交友。故选B项。
【52题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：专横的孩子是非常孤独的，因为没人喜欢你颐指气使的样子。A. excellent优秀的；B. confident有信心的；C. lonely孤独的；D. proud自豪的。根据下文“because no one likes your bossy ways”可知，因为没人喜欢被这些专横的孩子颐指气使，不愿与他们亲近，他们也会感到孤独。故选C项。
【53题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我看到越来越多的父母放弃了他们的权威力量。A. study研究；学习；B. decision决定；C. interest兴趣；D. power力量。根据后文“They bend too far”可知，如今很多父母放弃自己作为长辈的权威力量，过于妥协。故选D项。
【54题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们过于妥协，因为他们不愿像自己的父辈那样严厉。A. helpful有帮助的；B. strict严格的；C. polite有礼貌的；D. changeable多变的；可改变的。根据前文“They bend too far”可知，很多家长不愿以权威严厉的方式教育子女，不坚持原则，很容易妥协，这助长了孩子专横性格的形成，故选B项。
【55题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但他们也对自己的育儿技巧不那么自信。A. eager热切的；B. proud自豪的；C. helpless无助的；D. confident自信的。根据上文“They bend too far because they don’t want to be as ____14____ as their own parents were.”和下文“Their kids, in turn, feel more anxious.”可知，越来越多的家长一方面放弃权威严厉的教子方式，另一方面又对自己的育儿方式不够自信，这让孩子无所适从，进而可能逐渐养成专横的性格。故选D项。
Section B (22分)
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
A
We Have a Painter to Thank for Yellowstone
Before artist Thomas Moran set foot in the park, it was seen as an unhappy place. After, it was marketed as a wonderland.
Before Thomas Moran arrived, Yellowstone in the popular imagination was a harsh (严酷的), wild place pocked with hellish geysers(间歇泉). After the painter’s work was finished, Yellowstone was established as a national park and marketed as a wonderland.
In 1871 Moran and photographer William Henry Jackson had joined the first U.S. government survey of the region. For two weeks Moran filled a sketchbook (写生簿) with the landscape’s most stunning sights. The survey results, Jackson’s photos, and Moran’s watercolours—the first colour renderings of the area—were presented to Congress that fall. “The photographs were proof that what the artist was showing really existed,” says Eleanor Harvey, senior curator (馆长) at the Smithsonian American Art Museum.
In March 1872 lawmakers officially made Yellowstone a national park, the world’s first. By April, Moran had transformed some of his sketches into a 7-by-12-foot painting. The gold-splattered valley and billowing Lower Falls of “The Grand Canyon of the Yellowstone” attracted the public. “It is too grand and wonderful for words,” declared the Ladies’ Repository that August, “and none can ever judge of its wonders from any engraving or photograph in mere black and white.”
Though Moran later painted Lake Superior, the Grand Canyon, and the Rockies, his reputation was so intertwined with Yellowstone that he took to signing his paintings “TYM,” for Thomas “Yellowstone” Moran.
56. What can we know about Yellowstone according to the passage?
A. It was a popular park with geysers before Thomas Moran finished transformation.
B. It was an imagination of a harsh and wild place.
C. It became a national park with the efforts of Moran and Jackson.
D. It is an attractive grand valley.
57. What does the “pocked” mean in the first sentence of Paragraph 2?
A. Packed. B. Dotted.
C. Blocked. D. Stuck.
58. What are the characteristics of Thomas Moran’s paintings about Yellowstone Park?
A. Paying attention to colour rendering of paintings.
B. His magnificent and wonderful paintings.
C. His reputation closely linked to Yellowstone Park.
D. His paintings with nothing special.
59. What does the passage mainly talk about?
A. The significance of Thomas Moran’s paintings to Yellowstone Park.
B. How Yellowstone Park is established as a National Park.
C. The great painter—Thomas Moran.
D. The process of Yellowstone Park being labelled as a fairyland.
【答案】56. C 57. B 58. B 59. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了黄石公园，黄石公园在艺术家托马斯·莫兰(Thomas Moran)到这个公园之前，它被视为一个地狱般的地方。之后，它被宣传为仙境。
【详解】1. 细节理解题。根据第二段“Before Thomas Moran arrived, Yellowstone in the popular imagination was a harsh (严酷的), wild place pocked with hellish geysers(间歇泉). After the painter’s work was finished, Yellowstone was established as a national park and marketed as a wonderland.（在托马斯·莫兰到来之前，黄石公园在大众的想象中是一个恶劣、荒凉的地方，到处都是地狱般的间歇泉。画家的作品完成后，黄石公园被建立为国家公园，并以仙境的形象推销。）”第三段“The survey results, Jackson’s photos, and Moran’s watercolours—the first colour renderings of the area—were presented to Congress that fall. “The photographs were proof that what the artist was showing really existed,” says Eleanor Harvey, senior curator (馆长) at the Smithsonian American Art Museum.（调查结果、杰克逊的照片和莫兰的水彩画——该地区的第一张彩色效果图——于那年秋天提交给了国会。史密森尼美国艺术博物馆(Smithsonian American Art Museum)高级策展人埃莉诺·哈维(Eleanor Harvey)说:“这些照片证明了艺术家所展示的东西确实存在。”）”、以及第四段“In March 1872 lawmakers officially made Yellowstone a national park, the world’s first.”（1872年3月，立法者正式将黄石国家公园列为世界上第一个国家公园。）可知 ，在莫兰和杰克逊的努力下，它成为了国家公园。故选C 。
2. 词义猜测题。根据第二段第一句话“Before Thomas Moran arrived, Yellowstone in the popular imagination was a harsh (严酷的), wild place pocked with hellish geysers(间歇泉). （在托马斯·莫兰到来之前，黄石公园在大众的想象中是一个恶劣、荒凉的地方，pocked 都是地狱般的间歇泉。）可知，恶劣、 荒凉到处都是间歇泉，故B项dotted意为“遍布，布满”是同义词。故选B。
3. 细节理解题。根据第四段中“‘It is too grand and wonderful for words,’ declared the Ladies’ Repository that August, ‘and none can ever judge of its wonders from any engraving or photograph in mere black and white.’（它太宏伟、太奇妙了，无法用言语来形容，”那年8月， the Ladies’ Repository宣称，“没有人能从任何纯黑白的雕刻或照片中判断它的奇迹。”）”可知，托马斯·莫兰关于黄石公园的画作的特点是壮丽而精彩。故选B。
4. 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Before artist Thomas Moran set foot in the park, it was seen as an unhappy place. After, it was marketed as a wonderland.（在艺术家托马斯·莫兰(Thomas Moran)踏足这个公园之前，它被视为一个不快乐的地方。之后，它被宣传为仙境。）”以及通读全文可知，本文讲述的是Thomas的画作对于黄石公园的巨大影响意义。故选A。
B
Credit scores have the power to impact your financial well-being. They can be used to determine which car you drive, which home you buy and even whether or not you get offered the job of your dreams. Here are 5 things you need to know about your credit score.
You have to use credit to have a good score.
Some people avoid using credit and assume they have a good score if there is no negative activity on their credit report. However, scores for those with little or no credit history tend to be lower, says Mike Sullivan, a personal finance consultant.
You should check your score regularly.
Since there is no danger in reducing your credit score by checking it, Bellhorn recommends reviewing it weekly. A dip in a credit score could alert consumers to potential fraud (欺诈) or credit report errors.
Credit applications can drop a score.
There are several factors that contribute to a credit score, including the number of inquiries made for new accounts. Filing too many credit applications can raise red flags for lenders. Bellhorn says that’s something to remember before applying for a store credit card simply to get a discount at checkout.
The principles for calculating scores are similar.
In general, the scores range from 300 to 850 with higher scores indicating a better credit history. A person’s payment history is usually weighed most heavily, but other factors include debt balances, the percentage of credit lines (信贷额度) used and the age of credit accounts. The length of your credit history can make it hard for young adults to have high credit scores.
It’s not hard to build good credit.
Sullivan says it isn’t difficult to increase credit scores. “If you want to have a high credit score, pay all your debts on time,” he says. He cautions(警告) against using credit repair companies that may use dishonest or illegal practices or charge for services you could do yourself. If there is one thing everyone must know about credit scores, it’s that there is no substitute for smart money management that uses debt wisely and pays off balances on time.
60. According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. Credit scores can decide what job you will do in the future.
B. Young people are likely to have higher credit scores than old people.
C. If you always pay off your debts on time, your credit scores will increase.
D. Applying for credit cards can save money without affecting credit scores.
61. According to the passage, it is advisable to _________.
A examine your credit score once a week
B. calculate your credit scores frequently
C. never use credit to produce a positive report
D. apply for as many credit accounts as you can
62. What’s Sullivan’s attitude about using credit repair companies to build good credit?
A. Uninterested. B. Neutral.
C. Supportive. D. Disapproving.
【答案】60. C 61. A 62. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。信用评分有能力影响你的财务状况。文章介绍了关于你的信用评分你需要知道的5件事。
【详解】1. 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Sullivan says it isn’t difficult to increase credit scores. “If you want to have a high credit score, pay all your debts on time,” he says. He cautions(警告) against using credit repair companies that may use dishonest or illegal practices or charge for services you could do yourself. If there is one thing everyone must know about credit scores, it’s that there is no substitute for smart money management that uses debt wisely and pays off balances on time.（沙利文说，提高信用评分并不难。他说:“如果你想拥有较高的信用评分，请按时偿还所有债务。”他警告不要使用信用修复公司，这些公司可能会使用不诚实或非法的做法，或者收取你自己可以做的服务的费用。如果有一件事是每个人都必须知道的，那就是没有什么可以替代明智的资金管理，明智地使用债务并按时还清余额。）”可知，如果你总是按时还清债务，你的信用评分就会提高。故选C。
2. 细节理解题。根据文章中You should check your score regularly. 部分的第一句话“Since there is no danger in reducing your credit score by checking it, Bellhorn recommends reviewing it weekly.（由于检查信用评分不会降低你的信用评分，Bellhorn建议每周检查一次。）”可知，建议每周检查一次你的信用评分。故选A。
3. 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“ He cautions(警告) against using credit repair companies that may use dishonest or illegal practices or charge for services you could do yourself. If there is one thing everyone must know about credit scores, it’s that there is no substitute for smart money management that uses debt wisely and pays off balances on time.（他警告不要使用信用修复公司，这些公司可能会使用不诚实或非法的做法，或者收取你自己可以做的服务的费用。如果有一件事是每个人都必须知道的，那就是没有什么可以替代明智的资金管理，明智地使用债务并按时还清余额。）”可知， 沙利文对利用信用修复公司建立良好信用的态度是不同意的。故选D。
C
Uber is taking a big step towards making its vision of flying vehicles a reality, announcing on Wednesday an agreement with NASA to develop a fleet of air taxis by 2020.
While the ride-hailing (打车) service and the U.S. space agency may seem like an odd couple, the relationship is necessary in order to keep everything running smoothly when Uber ultimately takes to the skies.
“The space act that we signed with NASA is initially about cooperation around air traffic management,” Jeff Holden, Uber’s chief product officer, told NBC News. With so many aerial (空中的) vehicles flying at a low altitude, the collaboration will be necessary to help manage the skies.
Holden said he expects Uber will have its first flight demonstrations (示范) in 2020 and have the service commercially available by 2023. That’s well ahead of the 2028 Olympics in Los Angeles, where the service could be especially useful as an already congested city prepares to host athletes and fans from around the world.
Uber’s air travel initiative was announced last October with the promise of putting an end to long commutes, letting passengers hail an aircraft ride with the push of a button. In the case of Los Angeles, Uber has 20 strategically placed locations around the city for the Uber network.
The idea is to build a network of vertical takeoff and landing aircraft that would greatly reduce commutes, while also helping to ease vehicle pollution in major cities.
If everything goes according to plan, it will also be economical. A commute between San Francisco and San Jose, which would typically take two hours during rush hour and cost $111, would be cut down to just 15 minutes.
That route by air could initially cost $129, with the price dropping to $43 in the near term and $20 in the long term, according to a forecast from Uber.
Holden said he’s confident Uber can stick to the timeline. And when people finally get to commute by air, he hopes they think of it as an “incredibly life-changing experience”,
“This offers people the opportunity to get from point A to point B super-fast,” he said.
63. What can you conclude from the first 3 paragraphs?
A. Uber is a space agency in the U.S.
B. NASA is offering the ride-hailing service.
C. Uber needs help from NASA with the space act.
D. NASA doesn’t need to manage the skies.
64. What does the underlined word “congested” in Paragraph 4 mean?
A. Crowded with local citizens.
B. Bothered by transport pollution.
C. Popular with Olympic athletes.
D. Filled with sports fans.
65. What can you infer about the project?
A. Los Angeles is a key city to the project.
B. It can shorten the distance of commuting.
C It will be in use in 2028.
D. It will add to vehicle pollution in major cities.
66. Flying from San Francisco to San Jose, people can save _________ in an Uber taxi in the short run.
A. $86 B. $68 C. $109 D. $91
【答案】63. C 64. A 65. B 66. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Uber公司宣布，与美国国家航空航天局达成一项协议，将在2020年前开发一支空中出租车车队，从而朝着实现其飞行汽车愿景迈出了一大步。
【详解】1. 推理判断题。根据第三段““The space act that we signed with NASA is initially about cooperation around air traffic management,” Jeff Holden, Uber’s chief product officer, told NBC News. With so many aerial (空中的) vehicles flying at a low altitude, the collaboration will be necessary to help manage the skies.(优步首席产品官杰夫·霍尔登告诉NBC新闻：“我们与美国国家航空航天局签署的太空法案最初是关于空中交通管理方面的合作。”有如此多的飞行器在低空飞行，这种合作对于帮助管理空中交通是必要的。)”可知，与美国国家航空航天局签署的合约是有关空中交通管理方面的合作，这有助于管理空中交通，由此可推知，Uber需要美国宇航局在太空法案方面的帮助。故选C。
2. 词句猜测题。根据第六段“The idea is to build a network of vertical takeoff and landing aircraft that would greatly reduce commutes, while also helping to ease vehicle pollution in major cities.(这个想法是建立一个垂直起降飞机网络，这将大大减少通勤，同时也有助于缓解主要城市的车辆污染。)”可知，Uber的初衷就是要改善交通堵塞，结合划线单词所在句子“That’s well ahead of the 2028 Olympics in Los Angeles, where the service could be especially useful as an already congested city prepares to host athletes and fans from around the world.(这比2028年洛杉矶奥运会提前了很多，在这个已经congested的城市准备接待来自世界各地的运动员和球迷时，这项服务可能会特别有用。)”和already(已经)可推知，洛杉矶是一座早就人满为患，交通拥挤的城市，所以Uber的这个想法有助于改善交通拥挤，对洛杉矶接待更多运动员和球迷是非常有帮助的。由此可知，划线单词“congested”与A项“挤满了当地市民（人满为患）”意思相近，故选A。
3. 推理判断题。根据文章第六段“The idea is to build a network of vertical takeoff and landing aircraft that would greatly reduce commutes, while also helping to ease vehicle pollution in major cities.(这个想法是建立一个垂直起降飞机网络，这将大大减少通勤，同时也有助于缓解主要城市的车辆污染。)”可推知，垂直升降的方式大幅减少了通勤的路程。故选B。
4. 细节理解题。根据文章倒数第三段“That route by air could initially cost $129, with the price dropping to $43 in the near term and $20 in the long term, according to a forecast from Uber.(根据优步的预测，这条航线最初的价格可能为129美元，近期降至43美元，长期降至20美元。)”可知，从旧金山飞往圣何塞，人们在短期内乘坐优步出租车可以节省129-43=86美元。故选A。
Section C (8分)
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
Everyone wants love, money, success and so on in life. Yet too many people fail to achieve their goals, and nearly all of them are for the same reason. Generally speaking, getting what you really want out of life is just a matter of the following simple steps.
You have to decide what it is you want the most. But do not make a list of wishes. ____67____ If you’re not sure about where you want to go, you’d better think it over first and not hurry to perform. Make an action plan with care. This will be your map for getting from “where you are now” to “where you want to go”. You know what you want, and what steps you are going to take to get it. For example, if you want a better job, start with a skills assessment and maybe some extra training. You’ll need to sell yourself and your skills to your new employer.
Other goals will require a bit more thought. Some will really get you lost without a clue of how to get there. ____68____
The final step is to carry it out. ____69____ Take the steps you outlined on your road map and keep going on all the time. If you run into some people who are against you simply ignore them.
____70____ Keep pushing. Whatever you do, do not lose heart before you have what you desire in your hands. Never think that you can’t turn your dream into a reality.
A. Do what you have planned.
B. Hold a right attitude to what you’ve achieved.
C. Never give up the goal.
D. Try to focus on one thing at a time.
E. Not to worry, though, books can be of great help.
F. Form a good habit, whatever the result may be.
【答案】67. D 68. E 69. A 70. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。如何才能达到目标呢？短文介绍了几步措施就可以达到。
【67题详解】
根据上文“But do not make a list of wishes.”（但不要列出愿望清单）可知，选项承接上文，告诉我们应该怎么做do not make a list of wishes对应focus on one thing at a time。故D选项“试着一次专注于一件事”切题。故选D项。
【68题详解】
根据该空的前一句“Some will really get you lost without a clue of how to get there.”可知，如果没有计划、不知道如何做的话，真的会让你迷失的。而E选项中though“可是；但是”表示转折，其内容“书会很有帮助”，上文讲到的“你会迷失”，选项提供了建议not to worry，故该空应填E选项“不过不用担心，书籍会有很大帮助”。故选E项。
【69题详解】
根据小标题“The final step is to carry it out.”（最后一步是实施它）根据下文“Take the steps you outlined on your road map and keep going on all the time.” （采取你在路线图上列出的步骤，一直坚持下去），该空所在段落讲的是最后一步：落实/执行。故该空应填A（做你计划好的事情）。故选A项。
【70题详解】
根据下文“Keep pushing.Whatever you do,do not lose heart before you have what you desire in your hands.”（无论你做什么，在你得到你想要的东西之前不要灰心。）所以本段主要在说永远不要放弃你的目标。故选C项。
IV. Summary Writing (10分)
71. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in NO MORE THAN 60 WORDS. Use your own words as far as possible.
Scrabble
Scrabble is a crossword game. There is a board, a bag full of letter tiles, and small racks (架子) to put the tiles on. Letters like Q, X and Z are not common in English words. They are worth more points than common letters like E, S and N. For example, “E” is worth only 1 point and there are many “E” tiles. The letter “Q” is worth 5 points and there are only two “Q” tiles.
The game begins with all the letter tiles in a bag. This way, the players can’t see the tiles. Each player takes seven tiles and puts them on the rack in front of him or her. The players can’t see each other’s tiles.
The Scrabble board has many squares. In turn, players try to make words with their tiles and put them on the squares. The words can only go up and down or left to right. The first player puts down a word, and it must cover the star in the centre of the board. The player must take new tiles to replace the ones used to make the word. The next player must make a word using the word that is on the board.
To find the score, players add up the value of each tile in a word. For example, the letters “S”, “T” and “A” are each worth 1 point. So the word “sat” is worth 3 points. The pink and blue squares have a special value, too. For example, if the “Q” tile is on a triple-letter square, then it would be 15 points, not just 5 points. If the word “sat’ is on the double=word square, then it is worth 6 points. The game continues until all the tiles have been used and no player can make any new words on the board. The highest score wins!
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【答案】Scrabble is a crossword game. In this game, players try to spell words with letter tiles. There are some squares on the board worth special points. If a player can put a letter on these squares, that player can get more points. And if the player can use letters with high score on them, his / her points will be higher.
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了拼字游戏的玩法。
【详解】1. 要点摘录
①Scrabble is a crossword game. Letters like Q, X and Z are not common in English words. They are worth more points than common letters like E, S and N.
②The game begins with all the letter tiles in a bag.

③Each player takes seven tiles and puts them on the rack in front of him or her.
④The Scrabble board has many squares.
⑤To find the score, players add up the value of each tile in a word. For example, the letters “S”, “T” and “A” are each worth 1 point. So the word “sat” is worth 3 points. The pink and blue squares have a special value, too. For example, if the “Q” tile is on a triple-letter square, then it would be 15 points, not just 5 points. If the word “sat’ is on the double=word square, then it is worth 6 points.
⑥The game continues until all the tiles have been used and no player can make any new words on the board. The highest score wins!
2. 缜密深思
把要点1、2、3、4重组；要点5和要点6重组，整合。
3. 遣词造句
Scrabble is a crossword game.
The Scrabble board has many squares.
Each player in the game begins with all the letter tiles and to get the score, players add up the value of each tile in a word.
The game continues until all the tiles have been used and use letters with high score on them so that the player wins!
【点睛】【高分句型1】There are some squares on the board worth special points.（运用了there be句型和worth形容词作定语）
【高分句型2】If a player can put a letter on these squares, that player can get more points.（运用了if引导的条件状语从句）
第II卷 (共40分)
I. Translation (15分)
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English using the words given in the brackets.
72. 因为不良的饮食习惯，西方人比亚洲人更容易得心脏病。 (likely)(汉译英)
【答案】Westerners are more likely to have heart diseases than Asians, because of their unhealthy eating habits.
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态、形容词比较级和介词短语。表示研究用一般现在时。主语是“西方人”westerners，谓语是“更可能做某事”be more likely to do，“患心脏病”表示为have heart diseases，介词短语“因为”是because of，“不良的饮食习惯”unhealthy eating habits。结合其它汉语提示，故翻译为Westerners are more likely to have heart diseases than Asians, because of their unhealthy eating habits.
73. 他总是竭尽所能去实现自己预期的学习目标。(push) (汉译英)
【答案】He is always pushing himself to the limit to achieve his own intended targets in learning.
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态、非谓语动词、名词和介词。always总是，表示感情的喜恶用现在进行时，“竭尽所能去” push oneself to the limit to do，不定式表示目的，“实现自己的目标”achieve one’s own targets；“预期的”intended，修饰名词targets作定语，“在学习方面”用介词in+ learning表示，结合其他中文提示，故翻译为He is always pushing himself to the limit to achieve his own intended targets in learning.
74. 公众普遍认为官方社交媒体对所报道的内容更应承担责任。(responsible) (汉译英)
【答案】The public generally believes / thinks that official social media should be more responsible for what is reported / what they report.
【解析】
【详解】考查名词，动词，形容词，副词，连词，代词，介词，短语和时态。表示“公众”应用名词短语the public；表示“普遍”应用副词generally；表示“认为”应用动词believe/think；表示“官方”应用形容词official；表示“社交”应用形容词social；表示“媒体”应用名词media；表示“应该”应用情态动词should；表示“对…更承担责任”应用短语be more responsible for；表示“报道”应用动词report；分析句子结构和意思可知，“所报道的内容”是“承担责任”的宾语，要用宾语从句的结构表达，从句中需要用连词what引导；这句话描述的是现在的事实，谓语用一般现在时。故翻译为The public generally believes / thinks that official social media should be more responsible for what is reported / what they report.
75. 尽管饥寒交迫，年老体弱，但他还是在社会关爱下挺过了这样一场全球性灾难。(survive) (汉译英)
【答案】He, (who is) old and weak, has survived such a global disaster with social care, despite the cold weather and the lack of food.
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句、形容词短语、动词、介词短语。根据句意以及句子结构可知，该句表示“年老体弱”可为who引导的的定语从句，对主语He的修饰，为He, who is old and weak，也可以为形容词短语old and weak，作插入语，对主语He的补充说明；表示“幸存，挺过来”为动词survive，表示“这样一场全球性灾难”应为形容词短语such a global disaster；表示“在社会关爱下”为介词短语with social care；表示“尽管饥寒交迫”为介词短语despite the cold weather and the lack of food。结合该句句意可知，应为现在完成时。故翻译为：He, (who is) old and weak, has survived such a global disaster with social care, despite the cold weather and the lack of food。
II. Guided Writing (25分)
76. Directions: Write an English composition in 120—150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
假设你是李华，你的同班同学小明觉得自己的手机太旧，想买个最新款的iPhone，可是他的父母不同意，为此他很苦恼。请你给他写封信，谈谈你的看法。
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【答案】Dear Xiao Ming,
I’ve heard that your parents disapproved of your desire to substitute the latest iPhone for your worn-out cell phone, which made you annoyed. From my perspective, they’re right and you shouldn’t blame them for it.
First, there is no need to follow the trend. As the products of the Apple are, indeed, growing in popularity, we adolescents, should resist the temptation of following fashion.
Secondly, never take it for granted that your parents have the obligation to buy everything you want for you. They have brought you up and hope that you will be successful one day, so you should live up to their expectation.
Last but not least, if you really need a cell phone at present, surf on the Internet and choose a not so fancy but useful one.
All in all you should depend on yourself as you’re going to be a real adult.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给“因父母不同意自己买个最新款iPhone而很苦恼”的小明写封信，谈谈你的看法。
【详解】1.词汇积累
观点：perspective→point of view
首先：first→first and foremost
购买：buy→purchase
选择：choose→select
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：First, there is no need to follow the trend.
拓展句：First, I hold the belief that there is no need to follow the trend.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I’ve heard that your parents disapproved of your desire to substitute the latest iPhone for your worn-out cell phone, which made you annoyed. (运用了that引导的宾语从句和which引导的非限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】Last but not least, if you really need a cell phone at present, surf on the Internet and choose a not so fancy but useful one. (运用了if引导的条件状语从句)