2022-2023学年天津市第一中学高二上学期期中质量调查英语试卷（解析版）

这是一份2022-2023学年天津市第一中学高二上学期期中质量调查英语试卷（解析版），共24页。
天津一中2022-2023-1高二上学期英语期中质量调查试卷
第I卷
Ⅰ.听力(略)
Ⅱ.单项选择(共15小题:每空1分,满分15分)
1. 一It’s too bad! My salary has been cut by 20% this month.
一________. I’ve warned you many times not to be late for work frequently!
A. You made it B. Got it C. Never mind D. You deserve it
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——这太糟糕了！这个月我的工资减少了20%。——我警告过你很多次上班不要经常迟到！A. You made it你成功了；B. Got it知道了；C. Never mind没关系；D. You deserve it你应得的。根据后文“I’ve warned you many times not to be late for work frequently!”可知，因为迟到被扣钱，是应得的。故选D。
2. ________ people have been used to the single-use plastic bags, it is unavoidable to throw away this consumption habit to help protect the environment.
A. Because B. Unless C. Even though D. So that
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查连词辨析。句意：尽管人们已经习惯了一次性塑料袋，但为了保护环境，抛弃这种消费习惯是不可避免的。A. Because因为；B. Unless除非；C. Even though尽管；D. So that以便于。根据“people have been used to the single-use plastic bags”和“it is unavoidable to throw away this consumption habit”可知，句子表示“尽管人们已经习惯了一次性塑料袋，但为了保护环境，抛弃这种消费习惯是不可避免的”，空格处意为“尽管”，是even though，引导让步状语从句，故选C。
3. After the experiment, we can see clearly that the results of the survey fall into two ________ groups, so we can easily see the difference now.
A. delicate B. distinct C. disturbing D. distant
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：实验结束后，我们可以清楚地看到，调查结果分为两个截然不同的组，所以我们现在可以很容易地看到差异。A. delicate精致的；B. distinct不同的；C. disturbing烦人的；D. distant遥远的。根据后文“so we can easily see the difference now”可知是分成了不同的组。故选B。
4. He didn’t ________ what I read because his mind was on something else.
A. take up B. take off C. take in D. take on
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：他没有领会我读的内容，因为他的心思在别的事情上。A. take up拿起；B. take off起飞；C. take in理解，领会；D. take on呈现。根据后文“what I read because his mind was on something else”指领会读的内容，因为他的心思在别的事情上。故选C。
5. The staff in the zoo said it was hoped that the project would raise money for future ________ work of animals.
A. conservation B. contribution C. cooperation D. conclusion
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：动物园的工作人员表示，他们希望该项目能为未来的动物保护工作筹集资金。A. conservation保护、保存；B. contribution贡献；C. cooperation合作；D. conclusion结论、推论。根据句意可知，此处指动物保护工作，conservation符合题意，名词作定语。故选A项。
6. There was no light in the room and it took me a few seconds to________the darkness.
A. used to B. appeal to C. attend to D. adapt to
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：房间里没有灯光，我花了几秒钟的时间来适应黑暗。A. used to过去常常；B. appeal to呼吁；C. attend to出席；D. adapt to适应。根据前文的“There was no light in the room”和后文the darkness指适应黑暗应用adapt to。故选D。
7. Susan is a clerk in an IT company now, but she ________ English in a high school for 3 years.
A. teach B. had taught C. has taught D. taught
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：苏珊现在是一家IT公司的职员，但她曾在一所高中教过三年英语。分析句子可知，在高中教英语是过去的事，所以用一般过去时。故选D项。
8. Constant efforts have been poured into the protection of such traditional local languages ________ are only spoken by a tiny portion of people, in the presence of ________ world cultures are sure to be diverse and colourful.
A. that; which B. as; which C. that; whom D. as; whose
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：一直在努力保护这些只被一小部分人使用的传统地方语言，有了这些语言，世界文化肯定是多样化和丰富多彩的。分析句子，第一空引导的是定语从句，先行词有such修饰时，定语从句中缺少主语，引导词用as；同时，第二空构成的是介词+关系代词结构的定语从句，引导词指代的是前文的local languages，为物，故使用which。故选B。
9. ______ extracurricular activities is beneficial to broadening your horizons and enriching your campus life, having your comprehensive qualification ______.
A. Getting involved in; strengthened B. Involving in; strengthen
C. Being involved in; strengthening D. Involved in; strengthened
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：参加课外活动有助于开阔视野，丰富校园生活，增强综合素质。分析句子结构可知，“_____ extracurricular activities”为句子的主语，所以要用动名词做主语，be/get involved in “参加”；逗号后面的have为使役动词，所以第二个空为宾语补足语，have sth done “让某事被做”，分析句子结构可知，your comprehensive qualification 和strength之间为动宾关系，所以要用过去分词作宾语补足语，表被动。故选A。
10. When walking down the street, I came across David, who I _____ for years.
A. didn’t see B. haven’t seen
C. hadn’t seen D. wouldn’t see
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：当沿着街道散步的时候，我遇见了多年未见的David。根据语境，“not see”这个动作发生在come across之前，是过去的过去发生的动作，用过去完成时。故选C。
【名师点睛】英语中的时态主要由动词的形式决定，因此在学习英语时态时，要注意分析动词形式及具体语境，想象在那个特定的时间动作所发生的背景，这个动作是经常性动作、一般性动作、进行性动作、完成性动作还是将要发生的动作。过去完成时是一个相对的时态，表示过去的过去的动作，还有一个特点就是和过去的一段时间搭配。

11. —You’ve done a lot in your project, haven’t you? —Yes, but much ______.
A. is remained to do B. is remained to be done
C. remains to do D. remains to be done
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：——你的英语学习取得了很大的进步，是吗？——是的，但还有很多工作要做。A.is remained to do还有什么事要做；B.is remained to be done还有要做；C.remains to do有待做……；D.remains to be done待完成、待处理。根据句意和结构可知remain表示“仍然”，在句中作谓语，不能用被动语态；而且much和do是被动关系，表示将要发生的事情，用不定式，因此应使用不定式的被动式；叙述客观事实，应用一般现在时。故选D。
12. John tried hard to figure out ______ he has left his schoolbag but in vain.
A. what B. which C. where D. that
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：约翰努力想弄清楚他把书包忘在哪里了，但一无所获。分析句子可知，figure out后是宾语从句，从句缺少地点状语，故用where，表示“在哪里；……的地方”；what引导宾语从句，从句中做主语、宾语或表语 ；which“哪一个”；that不做成分，无词义，仅起引导作用，根据句意，故选C。
13. Birth rates ________ since the end of last year. Therefore, it’s time the central government took some effective measures to improve.
A. declined B. had declined
C. are declining D. have been declining
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：自去年年底以来，出生率一直在下降。因此，是时候中央政府采取一些有效的措施来改善这种状况了。根据后文since the end of last year可知应用现在完成进行时，表示动作发生在过去，持续不间断发生到现在，而且还有可能持续下去。故选D。
14. Jane and Tom are good friends. She is giving him piano lessons __________ his help with her English.
A. in favor of B. in exchange for
C. in honor of D. in place of
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：简和汤姆是好朋友。她教他钢琴，作为交换，他帮助她学英语。A. in favor of支持；B. in exchange for作为交换；C. in honor of为纪念；D. in place of代替。分析句意可知，两人相互帮助学习新知识，B项“作为交换”符合题意。故选B项。
15. It has been announced that all students ________ put on masks before going to school in case they are infected with novel coronavirus.
A. shall B. will C. need D. may
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：已经宣布所有的学生在上学前要戴口罩以免感染新冠病毒。shall用于第二，第三人称表示允诺，警告，规定；will表示意愿；need“必要，需要”；may表示或许。根据句意，此处表示按照规定要求，所有的学生在上学前要戴口罩。故选A。
Ⅲ.完形填空(共20小题:每空1分,满分20分)
Dreams usually play an important role in people’s life. From the time I was seven, I had a dream of becoming a member of the Student Union. I always ____16____ my school leaders for taking responsibility for all of us. So, I dreamed of being a leader.
Years flew by, and soon I was able to participate in the elections, ____17____ I would win. But the reality struck that I hadn’t had a chance. I wasn’t pretty. Girls across the school hardly knew me. I just did not have what it ____18____to win a school election. I was ____19____ .
As I cried in my room that evening, I ____20____ took a deep breath and decided I wouldn’t stop dreaming. I decided that I would ____21____ for elections again in my final year at school—and I would win.
I recognized that my ____22____ had a lot of things in their favor. What were the ____23____ that would work in my favor? I had good grades, and I was fridendly and helpful. And my biggest ____24____ was the faith I had. I would not allow my ____25____ appearance to hold me back from putting my best foot forward. That evening, I ____26____ my election plans a whole year in advance.
I realized that girls would have get to know me and recognize that I had the ability to ____27____them. I loved making friends and I liked being helpful, ____28____ I decided that perhaps I could use these qualities to work to my advantage. In order to learn how to present a great election ____29____ , I also attended a course on effective public speaking.
The day after election, when the principal announced I won the second highest number of votes, the students ____30____ . That joy on the faces of all my friends showed me that my victory was ____31____ theirs.
Suddenly, I realized that I had ____32____ much more than I had dreamed of. I had made many new friends and had helped people ____33____ the way. I had won the ____34____ and love of my schoolmates and they knew me as somebody who would stand by them. I was able to put a smile on their faces and ____35____ their day.
16. A. praised B. remembered C. admired D. believed
17. A. planning B. praying C. calculating D. judging
18. A. assessed B. provided C. meant D. took
19. A. concerned B. depressed C. surprised D. confused
20. A. suddenly B. immediately C. gradually D. impatiently
21. A. pay B. enter C. speak D. wait
22. A. enemies B. companions C. competitors D. schoolmates
23. A. cases B. methods C. examples D. points
24. A. problem B. worry C. strength D. dream
25. A. young B. personal C. special D. plain
26. A. began B. discussed C. announced D. cancelled
27. A. support B. represent C. accompany D. recommend
28. A. but B. yet C. so D. or
29. A. campaign B. speech C. ceremony D. promise
30. A. nodded B. gathered C. cried D. cheered
31. A. also B. still C. almost D. only
32. A. devoted B. accumulated C. accomplished D. developed
33. A. by B. to C. in D. along
34. A. election B. acceptance C. appointment D. reputation
35. A. enrich B. bless C. brighten D. expand
【答案】16. C 17. B 18. D 19. B 20. A 21. B 22. C 23. D 24. C 25. D 26. A 27. B 28. C 29. B 30. D 31. A 32. C 33. D 34. B 35. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者为了实现能够进入学生会的梦想，并最终赢得了选举，顺利的进入了学生会，实现了儿时的梦想的同时，也收获了很多。
【16题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我一直钦佩学校领导为我们所有人负责任。A. praised赞扬；B. remembered记得 C. admired羡慕；D. believed 相信。根据“So I dreamed of being a leader”（所以我梦想成为一个领导者） 可知，作者总是羡慕学校的领导们对作者所有人负责。故选C项。
【17题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我祈祷我能赢，但现实的打击使我没有机会。A. planning计划；B. praying祈祷；C. calculating计算；D. judging判断。根据下文“I would win”可知，作者祈祷自己能赢。故选B项。
【18题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我只是没有赢得学校选举需要的能力。A. assessed评估；B. provided提供；C. meant 意思；D. took需要，花费。根据“to win a school election”可知，这里指的没有赢得学校选举需要的能力。故选D项。
【19题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很沮丧。 A. concerned关心的；B. depressed沮丧的；C. surprised惊讶的； D. confused困惑的。根据上文“I just did not have what it to win a school election”可知，作者很沮丧。故选B项。
【20题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我突然做了一个深呼吸并决定不放弃梦想。A. suddenly突然地；B. immediately立即； C. gradually逐渐地；D. impatiently没有耐心地 。根据下文“decided I wouldn’t stop dreaming.”可知，作者突然做了一个深呼。故选A项。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我决定在我上学的最后一年重新参选并将要在选举中胜出。A. pay支付；B. enter进入；C. speak说；D. wait等待 。“enter for elections”意为“参选”为固定搭配。根据下文“I would win.”可知，作者决定在上学的最后一年重新参选。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析 。 句意：意识到我的竞争对手有很多事情战友优势。A. enemies敌人；B. companions 同伴；C. competitors 竞争对手；D. schoolmates校友。作者要参选所以会有很多竞争对手。故选C项。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我有优势的事情是什么？A. cases案件；B. methods方法；C. examples例子；D. points点。根据上文“a lot of things in their favor.”可知，作者在问自己有优势的事情是什么？“points”优势，代上文提到的“a lot of things”。故选D项。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我有优势的事情是什么。A. problem 问题；B. worry担忧；C. strength优势；D. dream梦想。由上文的“in my favor”可知，这里谈论的是优势，所以这里指作者自己的优势是什么。故选C项。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我不会让我平凡的外表阻碍我前进的步伐。A. young年轻的；B. personal个人的；C. special特殊的；D. plain普通的。根据下文“hold me back from putting my best foot forward.”可知，作者不会让自己平凡的外表阻碍前进的步伐。故选D项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那天晚上，我提前一年就开始了我的竞选计划。A. began开始；B. discussed讨论；C. announced宣布；D. cancelled取消。分析完自己的优势后，作者开始着手预先制定自己的选举计划。故选A项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我意识到女孩们开始了解我，并且认可我有能力代表他们。A. support支持；B. represent代表；C. accompany陪伴；D. recommend推荐。根据上文“I realized that girls would have to get to know me”可知，女孩儿们认可作者有能力代表他们。故选B项。
【28题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：我喜欢交朋友，喜欢乐于助人，所以我决定，也许我可以利用这些品质在竞选中发挥我的优势。A. but但是；B. yet然而；C. so所以；D. or或者。上文所提到的作者的优势“loved making friends and I liked being helpful”与下文打算利用自己的优势构成因果关系。所以选 so，意思是“因此”。故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了学会在一个大型的演讲中如何表现自己，我还参见了一个高效公共演讲的培训。A. campaign战役；B. speech演讲；C. ceremony仪式；D. promise承诺。由下文的“public speaking”可知，为了学会在一个大型的演讲中如何表现自己，作者还参见了一个高效公共演讲的培训。故选B项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：举后的第二天，当校长宣布我获得第二多的选票时，学生们欢呼起来。A. nodded点头；B. gathered聚集；C. cried哭；D. cheered 欢呼。根据上文“I won the second highest number of votes”可知，朋友们应该为此欢呼以示高兴。此处应填“cheered”欢呼。故选D项。
【31题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：选举的胜利不仅是作者的也是他的支持者们的。A. also也；B. still仍然；C. almost 几乎；D. only仅仅。根据上文的欢呼和“That joy on the faces of all my friends” 可知，选举的胜利不仅是作者的也是他的支持者们的。also符合语境。故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：突然，我意识到我所取得的成就比我所梦想的要多得多。A. devoted献身；B. accumulated积累；C. accomplished完成；D. developed发展。作者的本意只是在竞选中获胜，但获胜后作者突然意识到，除了实现了自己的梦想外，他还得到了友情、享受了一路走来朋友们的支持和帮助，所以作者认为自己收获了比目标还要多的东西。故选C项。
【33题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：在竞选的过程中，我交了许多新朋友并在前进的道路上帮助别人。A. by通过；B. to到；C. in在……里；D. along沿着。根据“the way”可知，作者在前进的道路上帮助别人。along the way意为“一路走来”。故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我已经在选举中赢得了同学们的认可和关爱。A. election选举；B. acceptance接受；C. appointment约会；D. reputation名誉。根据下文“love”可知，作者已经在选举中赢得了同学们的认可和关爱。故选B项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我能让他们脸上带着微笑，让他们的一天充满欢乐。A. enrich丰富；B. bless祝福；C. brighten 照亮；D. expand膨胀。根据下文“I was able to put a smile on their faces”可知，作者能让他们脸上带着微笑，让他们的一天充满欢乐。故选C项。
Ⅳ.阅读理解(共15小题:每空2分,满分30分)
A
Four Fun Runs Even Non-Runners Will Enjoy
Even people who swear they hate running will manage to enjoy these races that somehow make the sport fun.
Hot Chocolate 5K
Do you want a steaming cup of cocoa and lots of chocolate on a cold morning run?At the Hot Chocolate 5K series those are exactly what await you at the finish line.There are prizes given to the top three male and female finishers,but casual participation is encouraged.The events are scheduled in the cooler months in major cities around the country.
The Color Run
The Color Run，also known as the Happiest 5K on the Planet, is an event where runners wear white clothes and are painted from head to toe in different colors at each kilometer, crossing the finish line in a variety of colors.The runners are not be timed, which removes runners’ pressure of keeping a specific pace or worrying about the placing.
Disney Running Series
Why not combine a trip to the happiest place on earth with a little exercise?Run Disney offers a number of half-marathon and marathon weekend packages, many of which also feature the more accessible 5K distance.On Disneyland’s Super Heroes Half Marathon Weekend, Friday features a Spiderman-themed 5K, while the Walt Disney World Marathon Weekend runs a family-friendly 5K through Epcot.
Running with the Balloons
This cross-country 3.1-mile race in Reddington Township, New Jersey, aims to create a new challenge.But，the highlight is the launch of more than 100 hot air balloons during the New Jersey Festival of Ballooning, the largest summertime hot air balloon and music festival in North America. The motivation? The top male finisher and the top female finisher will each win a free ride in a hot air balloon!
36. What is special about The Color Run?
A. It brings you lots of fun.
B. It combines running with music.
C. There are no winners.
D. There are a series of runs.
37. Which run is suitable for family running at the weekend?
A. Hot Chocolate 5K.
B. The Color Run.
C. Disney Running Series.
D. Running with the Balloons.
38. What award will you get if you win Running with the Balloons?
A. A hot air balloon.
B. A hot chocolate.
C. A free ticket to the festival.
D. An exciting ride.
【答案】36. C 37. C 38. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四种趣味赛跑运动。
【36题详解】
细节理解题。根据The Color Run部分中的“The runners are not be timed, which removes runners’ pressure of keeping a specific pace or worrying about the placing.(跑步者不用计时，这消除了跑步者保持特定速度或担心名次的压力。)”可知，这项跑步运动是不计时的，因此消除了跑步者保持特定速度及因担忧名次而来的压力，而其他三个赛事或有排名或包含一系列比赛，由此可知，这个趣味跑的特别之处在于该比赛没有胜利者。故选C项。
【37题详解】
细节理解题。根据Disney Running Series部分中的“On Disneyland’s Super Heroes Half Marathon Weekend, Friday features a Spiderman-themed 5K, while the Walt Disney World Marathon Weekend runs a family-friendly 5K through Epcot.(在迪斯尼乐园的超级英雄半程马拉松周末，周五有蜘蛛侠主题的5公里跑，而华特·迪士尼世界马拉松周末则有家庭友好型的5公里跑，贯穿Epcot。)”可知，Disney Running Series这项赛事适合家庭成员一起在周末参加。故选C项。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。根据Running with the Balloons部分最后一句“The top male finisher and the top female finisher will each win a free ride in a hot air balloon!(最佳男选手和最佳女选手将各赢得一次免费乘坐热气球的机会！)”可知，该项赛事的胜利者可以免费乘坐一次热气球。故选D项。
B
On many days I admit that I feel depressed, days when it seems that the efforts, the struggles, and the sacrifices of so many people fighting for social and environmental justice, fighting prejudice and racism, are fighting a losing battle.
But without hope, all is lost. It is a crucial survival character that has supported our species from the time of our Stone Age ancestors. Certainly, my own improbable journey would have been impossible if I had lacked hope.
Like all people who live long enough, I have been through many dark periods and seen so much suffering. I was in New York on that terrible day in 2001. I still can remember the disbelief, the fear, the confusion as the city went quiet except the whistles of the police cars and ambulances on the streets emptied of people.
It was ten years after that day that I was introduced to the Survivor Tree, a Callery pear tree discovered a month after the collapse of the towers. All that was left was half a trunk that had been burned black, with roots that were broken and only one living branch.
She was almost sent to the dump, but the young woman who found her, Rebecca Clough, begged that the tree be given a chance. And so she went to be cared for in a nursery in the Bronx. Bringing that seriously damaged tree back to health was not an easy task, and it was touch-and-go for a while. But whenever you give her a chance, nature returns. Eventually the tree made it. In the spring, her branches are bright with blossoms. I’ve seen people looking at her and wiping away tears. She is a symbol of the resilience (适应力) of nature — and a reminder of all that was lost on that terrible day 20 years ago.
The Survivor Tree, brought back from the dead, had not only put out new leaves herself but also nurtured (养育) the lives of others. Now do you understand how I dare hope?
39. What can we know about the author?
A. She wanted to fight for justice.
B. She once lost hope in her journey.
C. She felt hopeful despite many difficulties.
D. She planned to remove prejudice and racism.
40. Which of the following can best describe the author’s feeling on the terrible day in 2001?
A Scared and annoyed. B. Frightened and shocked.
C. Thrilled and desperate. D. Disappointed and puzzled.
41. What happened to the Survivor Tree after the towers fell down?
A. The tree was slightly damaged. B. The tree nearly got abandoned.
C. The tree was destroyed on the spot. D. The tree got nothing but a trunk left.
42. What is the main purpose of the passage?
A. To call on people to protect nature.
B. To show the great strength of a tree.
C. To expect people to care for damaged trees.
D. To share the author’s reasons to keep optimistic.
【答案】39. C 40. B 41. B 42. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是夹叙夹议文。作者讲述了自己虽然经历重重困难，但仍然充满希望，作者分享了自己的经历和保持乐观的原因。
【39题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Certainly, my own improbable journey would have been impossible if I had lacked hope. (当然，如果我缺乏希望，我自己这段看似不可能的旅程也不可能实现)”以及最后一段“Now do you understand how I dare hope? (现在你明白我怎么敢这么希望了吧？)”可知，尽管困难重重，她仍然充满希望。故选C。
【40题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“I was in New York on that terrible day in 2001. I still can remember the disbelief, the fear, the confusion as the city went quiet except the whistles of the police cars and ambulances on the streets emptied of people. (2001年那可怕的一天，我在纽约。我还记得当时的怀疑、恐惧和混乱，整个城市变得安静下来，只有警车和救护车的哨声在无人的街道上响起)”可知，最能描述作者在2001年那可怕的一天的感觉是害怕和震惊。故选B。
41题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“She was almost sent to the dump, but the young woman who found her, Rebecca Clough, begged that the tree be given a chance. (她差点被扔进垃圾堆，但发现她的年轻女子丽贝卡·克拉夫恳求给这棵树一个机会)”可知，双子塔倒塌后，幸存者之树几乎被遗弃了。故选B。
【42题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Certainly, my own improbable journey would have been impossible if I had lacked hope. (当然，如果我缺乏希望，我自己这段看似不可能的旅程也不可能实现。像所有活得够久的人一样，我也经历了许多黑暗时期，目睹了许多苦难)”以及最后一段“Now do you understand how I dare hope? (现在你明白我怎么敢这么希望了吧？)”可知，本文写作目的是分享作者保持乐观的理由。故选D。
C
Earth is a big place, but size isn’t everything. The planet’s richest ecosystems are in rapid decline, forcing us to acknowledge countless creatures worldwide are running out of room.
85% of all species on the IUCN Red List are endangered due to many forms of habitat loss, from complete deforestation to less obvious effects of pollution and climate change. Every species needs a certain amount of habitat to find food, shelter and mates, but for a growing number of animals, the space where their ancestors found those things is now overrun by humans. As habitats decline, animals also grow more vulnerable to secondary dangers like disease or conflict with people.
According to many scientists and conservationists, the best strategy to avoid a dramatic loss of biodiversity is to set aside half of Earth’s surface area for wildlife. That might sound like a big sacrifice at first, but upon closer inspection, it’s still an incredibly sweet deal for us: One species gets half the planet, and all other species must share the other half. This idea has been around for years, confirmed in programmes like the WILD Foundation’s “Nature Needs Half” campaign, but it has gained more different opinions recently. And it may now have one of its most forceful arguments yet, thanks to a 2016 book by well-known biologist E. O. Wilson titled Half-Earth: Our Planet’s Fight for Life.
Half-Earth therefore, isn’t so different from today’s Earth. We’re already doing many of the right things, as Wilson recently told the University of California-Berkeley’s Breakthroughs magazine. We still have a few big biodiversity zones left, and others that could still recover. We just need to protect as many wilderness areas as we can, fill in gaps wherever possible and do no further harm. “I’m sure we can go from 10% to 50% coverage, land and sea,” Wilson says. “It could be large reserves that still exist, like in the Altai Mountains of Mongolia, in the taiga, the major wilderness areas of Congo, in Papua New Guinea, the Amazon—these can be made inviolate reserves; they can be pieced together.”
43. What is the main cause of wildlife’s rapid decline?
A. Habitat loss. B. Terrible disease.
C. Conflict with people. D. Poor living conditions.
44. What does the writer intend to show in paragraph 3?
A. The method to save our planet. B. The real profession of E.O. Wilson.
C. The solution to avoiding wildlife decline. D. The origin of “Nature Needs Half” campaign.
45. What does Wilson feel about Half-Earth strategy?
A. Curious. B. Confused. C. Concerned. D. Confident.
46. What is the text mainly about?
A. Sharing the Earth with other animals. B. Changing our attitude toward wildlife.
C. Increasing the population of wild animals. D. Protecting the existing habitat for wildlife.
【答案】43. A 44. C 45. D 46. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了地球是一个很大的地方，但大小并不是一切。地球上最丰富的生态系统正在迅速衰退，应对栖息地丧失这一问题，我们应该做些什么? 科学家们想到了半地球的想法。
【43题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“85% of all species on the IUCN Red List are endangered due to many forms of habitat loss, from complete deforestation to less obvious effects of pollution and climate change.(世界自然保护联盟红色名录上85%的物种由于多种形式的栖息地丧失而濒临灭绝，从完全的森林砍伐到污染和气候变化的不太明显的影响)”和“As habitats decline, animals also grow more vulnerable to secondary dangers like disease or conflict with people.(随着栖息地的减少，动物也变得更容易受到疾病或与人类冲突等次生危险的影响)”可知，栖息地丧失是野生动物快速减少的主要原因。故选A项。
【44题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“According to many scientists and conservationists, the best strategy to avoid a dramatic loss of biodiversity is to set aside half of Earth’s surface area for wildlife. That might sound like a big sacrifice at first, but upon closer inspection, it’s still an incredibly sweet deal for us: One species gets half the planet, and all other species must share the other half. This idea has been around for years, confirmed in programmes like the WILD Foundation’s “Nature Needs Half” campaign, but it has gained more different opinions recently. And it may now have one of its most forceful arguments yet, thanks to a 2016 book by well-known biologist E. O. Wilson titled Half-Earth: Our Planet’s Fight for Life.(根据许多科学家和自然资源保护主义者的说法，避免生物多样性急剧减少的最佳策略是为野生动物留出一半的地球表面积。乍一听，这可能是一个巨大的牺牲，但仔细观察，这对我们来说仍然是一个难以置信的甜蜜交易:一个物种得到地球的一半，所有其他物种必须分享另一半。这个想法已经存在多年，在WILD基金会的“大自然需要一半”活动等项目中得到了证实，但最近它获得了更多不同的意见。现在，由于著名生物学家E. O. Wilson 2016年出版的《半个地球:我们的星球为生命而战》一书，它可能有了迄今为止最有力的论据之一)”可知，作者在本段主要是讲述面对野生动物栖息地丧失，我们应该做些什么，解决办法是什么。故选C项。
【45题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段““I’m sure we can go from 10% to 50% coverage, land and sea,” Wilson says. “It could be large reserves that still exist, like in the Altai Mountains of Mongolia, in the taiga, the major wilderness areas of Congo, in Papua New Guinea, the Amazon—these can be made inviolate reserves; they can be pieced together.”(威尔逊说：“我确信我们可以从10%到50%覆盖陆地和海洋。它可以是仍然存在的大型保护区，比如蒙古的阿尔泰山脉，在针叶林，刚果的主要荒野地区，在巴布亚新几内亚，亚马逊河——这些都可以成为不可侵犯的保护区；它们可以被拼凑起来。”)”可知，Willson对半地球策略是有信心的。故选D项。
【46题详解】
主旨大意题。通读整篇文章内容可知本文讲述了地球是一个很大的地方，但大小并不是一切。地球上最丰富的生态系统正在迅速衰退，应对栖息地丧失这一问题，我们应该做些什么呢? 科学家们想到了半地球的想法。故选A项。
D
Since the early to mid-2010s, social media apps have made a permanent home in many people’s phones, and spending time on social media has become as much of a daily activity as drinking water. Since so many people are on it for much of their days — especially kids, teens, and young adults — there is increased concern over what social media is doing to people.
Many argue that social media is an unhealthy way to pass the time, and that false information from online is causing confusion and panic. This type of thing happens with every generation when something new that people don’t understand comes along. So many people thought rock-and-roll was making teens morally bad, which really wasn’t the case. It is fair to say that the teenage years are hard, and that teens need an escape. Back before phones, teens would listen to rock music as a form of escapism, or they would watch TV, go to the movies, skate around, or dress up in crazy clothes. Unfortunately, all of those things at one point in time were blamed for being a bad influence on young people. Social media is the new tuck-and-roll: it’s a new thing, and people demonize (妖魔化) change.
For example, many believe that everything on social media apps is filtered (加滤镜) and that seeing perfect people and their perfectly edited lives often leads to lots of negative emotions. However, models, magazines and movies have been using retouching (修整) tools for photos and media since Photoshop and other post-production services were invented. Social media has made it easier to see more edited pictures, but social media itself isn’t making people want to look a certain way. People should acknowledge that these pictures aren’t authentic, and the posts are made to look good on purpose. Social media is hot to blame for body confidence issues when the things people want to look like aren’t even real in the first place.
It seems like most issues around social media are user errors, like anyone complaining there are too many people being addicted to social media. However, not everyone is addicted to social media; people who have any grasp on reality wouldn’t spend every waking second on the phone. It is really up to the individual how they use social media. Keeping up with the flood of posts, stories, and photos takes a lot of time — many young people admit that they spend hours on their phones every day. Yet, this seems like an easy problem to solve when the solution is simply clicking off the phone a couple hours early. So it is clear that moderation is the key to dealing with all the issues around social media.
47. Why does the author mention “rock-and-roll” in Paragraph 2?
A. To predict the future of social media.
B. To underline the advantages of social media.
C. To analyze why social media is so popular today.
D. To explain why social media is regarded as negative.
48. What does the author think of posting edited photos on social media apps?
A. Disturbing. B. Understandable. C. Intolerable. D. Innovative.
49. What does the text suggest people do about social media?
A. Make the best use of it.
B. Completely stay away from it.
C. Prohibit young people from using it.
D. Spend reasonable amounts of time on it.
50. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
A. What makes us so addicted to social media?
B. Why is social media so popular among teenagers?
C. Should we depend on social media for information?
D. Is it right to blame social media for all the problems?
【答案】47. D 48. B 49. D 50. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章论述了人们对社交媒体对人们产生影响的担心及个人看法。
【47题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中的“This type of thing happens with every generation when something new that people don’t understand comes along. So many people thought rock-and-roll was making teens morally bad, which really wasn’t the case.(当人们不理解的新事物出现时，每一代人都会发生这种事情。很多人认为摇滚乐让青少年道德败坏，事实并非如此)”及“Back before phones, teens would listen to rock music as a form of escapism, or they would watch TV, go to the movies, skate around, or dress up in crazy clothes. Unfortunately, all of those things at one point in time were blamed for being a bad influence on young people. Social media is the new rock-and-roll: it’s a new thing, and people demonize (妖魔化) change. (在手机出现之前，青少年会听摇滚乐作为一种逃避现实的方式，或者他们会看电视，去看电影，滑冰，或者穿疯狂的衣服。不幸的是，所有这些事情一度被认为对年轻人有不良影响。社交媒体是一种新摇滚：它是一种新事物，人们将变化妖魔化)”可推知，作者认为如同曾经摇滚乐被认为是不好的事物一样，人们认为社交媒体是一种新的摇滚，人们将其妖魔化，因此推断作者在第二段中提到“摇滚乐”是为了解释为什么社交媒体被认为是负面的原因。故选D。
【48题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中的“However, models, magazines and movies have been using retouching (修整) tools for photos and media since Photoshop and other post-production services were invented. Social media has made it easier to see more edited pictures, but social media itself isn’t making people want to look a certain way. People should acknowledge that these pictures aren’t authentic, and the posts are made to look good on purpose. (然而，自从Photoshop和其他后期制作服务被发明以来，模特、杂志和电影一直在使用照片和媒体的修饰工具。社交媒体让人们更容易看到经过编辑的图片，但社交媒体本身并没有让人们想要以特定的方式看待（问题）。人们应该承认这些照片是不真实的，这些帖子是故意做得好看的)”可推知，作者认为在社交媒体应用程序上发布编辑过的照片是可以理解的。故选B。
49题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Yet, this seems like an easy problem to solve when the solution is simply clicking off the phone a couple hours early. So it is clear that moderation is the key to dealing with all the issues around social media. (然而，这似乎是一个很容易解决的问题，因为解决方案只是提前几个小时关掉手机。因此，很明显，适度是处理所有社交媒体问题的关键)”可知，这篇文章建议人们在社交媒体上花合理的时间。故选D。
【50题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段中的“Many argue that social media is an unhealthy way to pass the time, and that false information from online is causing confusion and panic. This type of thing happens with every generation when something new that people don’t understand comes along. (许多人认为，社交媒体是一种不健康的消磨时间的方式，来自网络的虚假信息正在造成混乱和恐慌。当人们不理解的新事物出现时，每一代人都会发生这种事情。)”及最后一段中的“It seems like most issues around social media are user errors, like anyone complaining there are too many people being addicted to social media. (似乎社交媒体的大多数问题都是用户的错误，比如有人抱怨有太多的人沉迷于社交媒体)”和“Yet, this seems like an easy problem to solve when the solution is simply clicking off the phone a couple hours early. So it is clear that moderation is the key to dealing with all the issues around social media. (然而，这似乎是一个很容易解决的问题，因为解决方案只是提前几个小时关掉手机。因此，很明显，适度是处理所有社交媒体问题的关键)”可知，文章对社交媒体带来的影响进行了陈述，并分析了造成这种现象的原因，作者认为解决社交媒体带来的问题的关键在于使用者应该学会适度使用。由此可知，Is it right to blame social media for all the problems?(把所有的问题都归咎于社交媒体对吗？)适合作本文最佳标题。故选D。
第Ⅱ卷
Ⅴ.阅读表达(共5小题:每空2分,满分10分)
阅读下面的短文，并根据短文内容回答后面的问题。
As the pace of life continues to increase, we are getting more and more stressed and we are fast losing the art of relaxation. Once you are in the habit of rushing through life, being on the go from morning till night, it is hard to slow down. But learning to live with a certain amount of stress is of great significance while relaxation is completely necessary for a healthy mind and body.
Stress is a natural part of everyday life and there is no way to avoid it. In fact, it is not the bad thing as it is often supposed to be. A certain amount of stress is vital to provide motivation and give purpose to life. It is only when the stress gets out of control that it can lead to poor performance and ill health.
The amount of stress a person can withstand depends very much on the individual. Some people are not afraid of stress, and such characters are obviously prime material for managerial responsibilities. Others lose heart at the first sight of unusual difficulties.
When exposed to stress in whatever form, we react both chemically and physically. In fact, we make choice between “flight” and “fight” and in more primitive days, the choices made the difference between life or death. The crises(危机) we meet today are unlikely to be so extreme. But however little the stress, it involves the same response. It is when such a reaction lasts long, through continued exposure to stress, that health becomes endangered. Since serious condition as high blood pressure and heart disease have formed links with stress.
Since we can’t remove stress from our lives (it would be unwise to do so even if we could), we need to find ways to deal with it to keep our mind and body healthy.
51. Why are people finding less and less time for relaxing themselves?(No more than 10 words)
________________
52. What does the underlined word “withstand” in Paragraph 3 mean? (No more than 3words)
________________
53. According to the writer, what is the most important character for a good manager? (No more than 10 words)
________________
54. What does the writer say about continued exposure to stress according to Paragraph 4? (No more than 10 words)
________________
55. What is the right attitude toward stress in your opinion and why? (No more than 25 words)
________________
【答案】51. Because they are becoming busier with their work.
52. Resist.
53. Not fear stress.
54. Health becomes endangered.
55. The right attitude is to deal with stress . Because it can cause serious physical diseases. Dealing with it wisely can help us keep our mind and body healthy.
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述的是随着生活节奏不断加快，我们承受的压力越来越大。压力是日常生活中不可避免的一部分，一个人能承受的压力很大程度上取决于个人。当人们不断地暴露在压力下，健康就会受到威胁。因此，我们应该以积极的心态寻找方法去解决它。
【51题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第一段中“As the pace of life continues to increase, we are getting more and more stressed and we are fast losing the art of relaxation. (随着生活节奏的不断加快，我们的压力越来越大，我们很快就失去了放松的艺术。)”可知，人们越来越没有时间放松，是因为比以前更忙了。故答案为Because they are becoming busier with their work。
【52题详解】
考查词意猜测。根据withdraw后的句子“Some people are not afraid of stress, and such characters are obviously prime material for managerial responsibilities. Others lose heart at the first sight of unusual difficulties.(有些人不怕压力，这样的性格显然是管理职责岗位的主要条件。另一些人一看到不寻常的困难就失去信心。)”可知，此处承接前文，强调不同的人承受压力的程度不一样。故推测withstand为“承受，抵抗”之意。故答案为Resist。
【53题详解】
考查推理判断。根据第三段中“Some people are not afraid of stress, and such characters are obviously prime material for managerial responsibilities. (有些人不怕压力，这样的性格显然是管理职责岗位的主要条件。)”可知，一个好的管理者最重要的品质是不惧怕压力。故答案为Not fear stress。
【54题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第四段中“It is when such a reaction lasts long, through continued exposure to stress, that health becomes endangered. (只有当这种反应持续时间长，持续暴露在压力之下时，健康才会受到威胁。)”可知，当持续暴露在压力之下时，健康会受到威胁。故答案为Health becomes endangered。
【55题详解】
考查推理判断。根据最后一段中“Since we can’t remove stress from our lives (it would be unwise to do so even if we could), we need to find ways to deal with it to keep our mind and body healthy.(既然我们无法将压力从我们的生活中消除(即使我们可以这样做，这也是不明智的)，我们需要找到方法来处理它，以保持我们的身心健康。)”可知，对待压力正确的态度是找到方法来处理它，因为压力会导致严重的身体疾病。明智地处理它可以帮助我们保持身心健康。故答案为The right attitude is to deal with stress and because it can cause serious physical diseases. Dealing with it wisely can help us keep our mind and body healthy。
Ⅵ.单词填空：根据句义及所给提示，用所学单词适当形式完成下列句子。(共10小题:每空1分,满分10分)
56. My father likes meat very much while my mother always has a p________ for vegetables and fruits. （根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】preference##reference
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：我爸爸非常喜欢吃肉，而我妈妈总是偏爱蔬菜和水果。分析句子，设空处使用名词作宾语。表示“偏爱”用preference。故填preference。
57. Cattle and sheep w________ the grasslands bring the scenery to life. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】wandering##andering
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：牛羊在草原上漫步，使这风景栩栩如生。结合句意和首字母提示可推知，应用动词wander作后置定语修饰名词Cattle and sheep，意为“游荡，漫步”，与其逻辑主语Cattle and sheep之间是主动关系，应用现在分词。故填wandering。
58. The hotel offers variously l________ facilities such as a swimming pool and sauna. （根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】leisure##eisure
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：酒店提供各种休闲设施，如游泳池和桑拿房。分析句子可知，设空处位于名词facilities前，作定语修饰该名词；结合句意及单词首字母提示可知，此处指“休闲设施”，应用leisure。故填leisure。
59. The army was well-trained and well-armed, and had little difficulty d________ the enemy. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】defeating##efeating
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这支军队训练有素，装备精良，击败敌人毫不费力。结合句意和首字母提示，应用使用动词defeat表示“打败”；have difficulty (in) doing sth.为固定短语，意为“做某事有困难”，其后跟动名词作宾语。故填defeating。
60. The leader praised her for her r________ability she showed when faced with the challenges. （根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】remarkable##emarkable
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：领导因为她在面对挑战时表现出的非凡的能力而表扬她。根据句意及单词首字母可知应填形容词remarkable作定语，修饰名词ability。故填remarkable。
61. Later, I found out that less than 15% of the a________ (申请人 )had been offered positions that year. （根据中英文提示填空）
【答案】applicants##pplicants
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：后来，我发现当年只有不到15%的求职者得到了工作。分析句子，设空处使用名词作主语。表示“申请人”用applicant，此处为复数意义。故填applicants。
62. The name of the cheese is Dolcelatte, l________ (根据字面) meaning “ sweet milk”. （根据中英文提示填空）
【答案】literally##iterally
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：这种奶酪的名字叫Dolcelatte，字面意思是“甜牛奶”。分析句子可是，设空处在句中修饰后面的现在分词meaning，应用副词；结合单词首字母和汉语提示可知，此处应填literally，表示“按照字面意义地”。故填literally。
63. When another bean plant d________(察觉) the chemicals from its injured neighbour, it starts to release its own, different chemicals. (根据中英文提示填空）
【答案】detects##etects
【解析】
【详解】考查时态语态。句意：当另一种豆科植物检测到它受伤的邻居的化学物质时，它开始释放自己的不同化学物质。分析句子结构可知，此处需要填入动词detect做句子的谓语动词。再结合下文starts和句意可知，句子需要使用一般现在时。主语another bean plant是单数，且与谓语动词detect之间为主动关系。故填detects。
64. Whether it was a g________ (真正的) job offer or an eye-catching event isn’t really important. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】genuine##enuine
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：这是一份真正的工作邀请还是一件引人注目的事件并不重要。分析句子，设空处使用形容词作定语。根据汉语提示，表示“真正的”用genuine。故填genuine。
65. S_______ (怀疑) the traveler of carrying drugs, the customs official stopped him and went through his suitcase. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】Suspecting##uspecting
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：由于怀疑旅客携带毒品，海关官员拦住了他，检查了他的手提箱。根据汉语提示“怀疑”和首字母提示“S”可知，此处为动词suspect，空处需填非谓语动词作状语，the customs official和suspect为逻辑上的主谓关系，需填现在分词形式。位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Suspecting。
Ⅶ.短语填空：(共5小题;每题1分，满分5分)
66. 但如今，这一独特又脆弱的区域正在遭受污染和气候变化的威胁。
But this unique and delicate place is now________ ________ from pollution and climate change.
【答案】 ①. under ②. threat
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。结合句意表示“遭受威胁”可知短语为be under threat。故填under threat。
67. 当这个男孩儿在那里打球时，每次投篮，不牢固的塑料篮板都摇摇欲坠。
When the boy was playing basketball there, the weak plastic backboard ________ ________ with every shot.
【答案】 ①. gave ②. way
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语和动词时态。分析句子可知，设空处在句中作谓语，结合汉语句意可知，此处缺少“摇摇欲坠”一词，可用固定短语give way，表示“倒塌”；结合前面从句谓语动词时态可知，此处应用一般过去时。故填gave way。
68. 相比之下，私营部门就有很多钱可供开销。
________ ________, the private sector has plenty. of money to spend.
【答案】 ①. By ②. contrast
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。结合句意“相比之下”可知短语为by contrast，句首单词首字母要大写。故填By contrast。
69. 当公司的董事长签署了文件时，计划就启动了。
The plans were set ________ ________when the company president signed the document.
【答案】 ①. in ②. motion
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。“启动”可用动词短语set sth. in motion表示，句中使用了其被动语态were set in motion。故填in motion。
70. 这位正被讨论的女士花了很多年研究大象的行为。
The woman ________ ________has spent many years in studying the behaviour of elephants.
【答案】 ①. being ②. discussed
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处作定语，修饰名词woman，表示“讨论”应用动词discuss，与woman构成被动关系，且表示正在进行，应用现在分词的被动形式。故填①being；②discussed。