2022-2023学年新疆乌鲁木齐市第七十中学高二上学期期中考试英语试题（解析版）

这是一份2022-2023学年新疆乌鲁木齐市第七十中学高二上学期期中考试英语试题（解析版），共21页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2022-2023第一学期期中考试英语试卷问卷
一 阅读理解（2*10=20分）
A
Michigan youth summer camps focus on different ideas and experiences, but all include plenty of time spent outdoors in Michigans beautiful countryside. These camps are fun but educational.
Summer Discovery
This summer camp is at the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor and offers up both academic and social activities to help with that transition (过渡) from high school to college. The classes are small during these two-week and five-week courses. It’s open to students from14 to 18 years old. Prices are from $4800 to around $8800. This camp made the top 50 list for best pre-college camps.
The Road Less Traveled
This camp offers wilderness adventure and community service with activities like backpacking, environmental studies, and wilderness medicine. The sessions last from 10 to 25 days and the camp is open to ages 12 through 19. Costs are from $2,250 to over $6,000.
Cedar Lodge
This family-run camp focuses on creating a place where kids can be themselves, meet new friends, and learn new skills. This camp offers general outdoor activities and also has a wonderful horseback riding program. This camp is good at helping kids learn riding and other skills. The camp is open to kids from eight to 16 years old. Camp prices are from $200 to $700 per week.
Michigan Tech Youth Programs
Over 70 courses help pre-teens and teens learn about different fields through hands-on, classroom, and in-the-field experiences. The classes are offered weekly, and if students want to attend several weeks, they can also have a “stay-over.” It costs $950 per week for students who stay there and $525 for students who don’t. Courses include writing, photography robotics, engineering, outdoor adventures, and many more.
1. How much may a teenage boy spend if he wants to attend a pre-college camp?
A. $4,800. B. $2,250. C. $950. D. $700.
2. Which of the following camps teaches campers horseback riding?
A. Michigan Tech Youth Programs. B. The Road Less Traveled.
C. Summer Discovery. D. Cedar Lodge.
3. What do we know about Michigan Tech Youth Programs?
A. They have a fixed price. B. They offer monthly classes.
C. They provide many kinds of family activities. D. They help to get experiences in different fields.
【答案】1. A 2. D 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是应用文。文章主要介绍密歇根州的青少年夏令营。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Summer Discovery部分“This summer camp is at the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor and offers up both academic and social activities to help with that transition (过渡) from high school to college The classes are small during these two-week and five-week courses. It’s open to students from14 to 18 years old. Prices are from $4800 to around $8800.”(这个夏令营在密歇根大学安娜堡分校举行，提供学术和社会活动，以帮助从高中到大学的过渡。在这两周和五周的课程中，上课人数很少。它对14至18岁的学生开放。价格从4800美元到8800美元左右)可知，如果想参加大学前训练营，需要去Summer Discovery，价格从4800美元到8800美元左右。故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Cedar Lodge部分“This camp offers general outdoor activities and also has a wonderful horseback riding program.”(这个营地提供一般的户外活动，还提供精彩的骑马项目)可知，Cedar Lodge提供精彩的骑马项目。故选D。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Michigan Tech Youth Programs部分“Over 70 courses help pre-teens and teens learn about different fields through hands-on, classroom, and in-the-field experiences.”(超过70门课程帮助学龄前儿童和青少年通过动手、课堂和实地体验了解不同领域)可知，Michigan Tech Youth Programs可以帮助青少年获得不同领域的体验。故选D。
B
Self-driving cars have been backed by the hope that they will save lives by getting involved in fewer crashes with fewer injuries and deaths than human-driven cars. But so far, most comparisons between human-driven cars and automated vehicles have been unfair.
Crash statistics for human-driven cars are gathered from all sorts of driving situations, and on all types of roads. However, most of the data on self-driving cars’ safety have been recorded often in good weather and on highways, where the most important tasks are staying in the car’s own lane and not getting too close to the vehicle ahead. Automated cars are good at those tasks, but so are humans.
It is true that self-driving cars don’t get tired, angry, frustrated or drunk. But neither can they yet react to uncertain situations with the same skill or in anticipation of an attentive human driver, nor do they possess the foresight to avoid potential perils. They largely drive from moment to moment, rather than think ahead to possible events literally down the road.
To a self-driving car, a bus full of people might appear quite similar to an uninhabited cornfield. Indeed, deciding what action to take in an emergency is difficult for humans, but drivers will sacrifice themselves for the greater good of others. An automated system’s limited understanding of the world means it will almost never evaluate a situation in the same way as a human would do. And machines can’t be programed in advance to handle every imaginable set of events.
Some people may argue that the promise of simply reducing the number of injuries and deaths is enough to support driverless cars. But experience from aviation(航空) shows that as new automated systems are introduced, there is often an increase in the rate of disasters.
Therefore comparisons between humans and automated vehicles have to be performed carefully. To fairly evaluate how well driverless cars fulfill their promise of improved safety, it’s important to ensure the data presented actually provide a true comparison. After all, choosing to replace humans with automation has more effects than simply one-for-one exchanging.
4. What makes the comparisons between self-driving cars and human-driven cars unfair?
A. Statistics are collected differently. B. Machines can make decisions faster.
C. Self-driving cars never get tired. D. Self-driving cars know the world better.
5. In which aspect can self-driving cars beat human drivers?
A. Climbing steep slopes. B. Evaluating the cost of loss.
C. Driving steadily. D. Making complex decisions.
6. Why does the author write this text?
A. To support human-driven cars.
B. To stress the importance of reducing car accidents.
C. To show his doubts about self-driving cars.
D. To call for exact evaluation of self-driving cars.
【答案】4. A 5. C 6. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是议论文。文章对比了人类驾驶和自动驾驶汽车，并要求准确评估自动驾驶汽车。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Crash statistics for human-driven cars are gathered from all sorts of driving situations, and on all types of roads. However, most of the data on self-driving cars’ safety have been recorded often in good weather and on highways, where the most important tasks are staying in the car’s own lane and not getting too close to the vehicle ahead. Automated cars are good at those tasks, but so are humans.”(人类驾驶汽车的碰撞统计数据是从各种驾驶情况和各种道路上收集的。然而，大多数关于自动驾驶汽车安全性的数据通常都是在天气好的情况下和高速公路上记录的，在那里最重要的任务是保持在自己的车道上，不要太靠近前面的车辆。自动化汽车擅长这些任务，但人类也是如此)可知，人类驾驶汽车和自动驾驶汽车之间的大多数比较都是不公平的，这是因为统计数据的收集方式不同。故选A。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“It is true that self-driving cars don’t get tired, angry, frustrated or drunk.”(的确，自动驾驶汽车不会感到疲劳、愤怒、沮丧或醉酒)和第五段“Some people may argue that the promise of simply reducing the number of injuries and deaths is enough to support driverless cars.”(一些人可能会认为，仅仅减少伤亡人数的承诺就足以支持无人驾驶汽车)可知，在驾驶的稳定性方面，自动驾驶汽车会打败人工驾驶。故选C。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Therefore comparisons between humans and automated vehicles have to be performed carefully. To fairly evaluate how well driverless cars fulfill their promise of improved safety, it’s important to ensure the data presented actually provide a true comparison. After all, choosing to replace humans with automation has more effects than simply one-for-one exchanging.”(因此，必须仔细比较人类和自动车辆。为了公平地评估无人驾驶汽车在多大程度上实现了其提高安全性的承诺，重要的是确保所提供的数据能够提供真实的对比。毕竟，选择用自动化代替人类比简单的一对一交换具有更大的影响)可知，这篇文章的写作目的是要求准确评估自动驾驶汽车。故选D。
C
Most of us marry creativity to our concept of self either we're "creative" or we aren't, without much of a middle ground. "I'm just not a creative person!" a frustrated student might say in art class, while another might blame her talent at painting for her difficulties in math, giving a comment such as, "I'm very right-brained."
Dr. Pillay, a tech entrepreneur and an assistant professor at Harvard University, has been challenging these ideas. He believes that the key to unlocking your creative potential is to ignore the traditional advice that urges you to "believe in yourself." In fact, you should do the opposite: Believe you are someone else.
Dr. Pillay points to a 2016 study demonstrating the impact of stereotypes on one's behavior; The authors. educational psychologists Denis Dumas and Kevin Dunbar, divided their college student subjects into three groups, instructing the members of one to think of themselves as "romantic poets" and the members of another to imagine they were "serious librarians" (the third group was the control). The researchers then presented all the participants with ten ordinary objects, including a fork, a carrot, and a pair of pants, and asked them to come up with as many different uses as possible for each one. Those who were asked to imagine themselves as romantic poets came up with the widest range of ideas, whereas those in the serious-librarian group had the fewest. Meanwhile, the researchers found only small differences in students' creativity levels across academic majors.
These results suggest that creativity is not a fixed individual characteristic but a "malleable product of context and perspective, as long as he or she feels like a creative person. Dr. Pillay argues that, besides identifying yourself as creative, taking the bold, creative step of imagining you are somebody else is even more powerful. So, wish you were more creative? Just pretend!
7. According to the passage， who is more likely to unlock his creative potential?
A. An art major who always believes in himself.
B. A math major who has excellent academic performance
C. A physics major who likes to imagine himself as a poet.
D. A history major who works as a librarian on weekends.
8. What does the Study conducted by Denis Dumas and Kevin Dunbar focus on?
A. The creativity of the college students.
B. The stereotypes of the college students.
C. The impact of stereotypes on one's behavior
D. The influence of creativity on one's behavior.
9. The underlined word in the last paragraph probably means__________?
A. stable B. sustainable C. predicable D. changeable
10. Dr Pillay may agree with the statement that__________.
A. there is no doubt that we are either creative or not
B a student who doesn't do well in art class is not creative
C. right brain determines whether a person is creative or not
D. if we pretend to be creative， then we might be really creative
【答案】7. C 8. C 9. D 10. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了释放自己的创造力的最好方法就是把自己想象成另一个人，假装自己有创造力，你可能就会真的具有创造力。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“He believes that the key to unlocking your creative potential is to ignore the traditional advice that urges you to "believe in yourself." In fact, you should do the opposite: Believe you are someone else.”（认为，释放你的创造力的关键是忽视那些促使你“相信自己”的传统建议。事实上应该反其道而行之：相信自己是另一个人）可知，把自己想象成另一个人才能释放创造力，因此，一个喜欢把自己想象成诗人的物理专业学生更有可能释放他的创造力，故选C。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Dr. Pillay points to a 2016 study demonstrating the impact of stereotypes on one's behavior; The authors. educational psychologists Denis Dumas and Kevin Dunbar, divided their college student subjects into three groups”（皮莱博士指出，2016年的一项研究显示了刻板印象对一个人行为的影响。教育心理学家丹尼斯·杜马斯和凯文·邓巴将他们的大学生分为三组）可知，丹尼斯·杜马斯和凯文·邓巴的研究的重点是刻板印象对一个人行为的影响，故选C。
【9题详解】
词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“These results suggest that creativity is not a fixed individual characteristic”可知，这些结果表明，创造力不是一个固定的个人特征，but表明画线词词义与fixed（固定的）相反，即：可改变的，故选D。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Dr. Pillay argues that, besides identifying yourself as creative, taking the bold, creative step of imagining you are somebody else is even more powerful. So, wish you were more creative? Just pretend!”（皮莱博士认为，除了认为自己是有创造力的人之外，大胆地、创造性地把自己想象成另一个人的想法更为有力。那么，希望你更有创造力？假装一下！）可知，皮莱博士会同意：如果我们假装有创造力，那么我们可能真的有创造力，故选D。
二、七选五（2*5=10分）
How would you feel if you had to give up your smartphone for nine days? In 2014, and again in 2018，philosophy professor and writer Ron Srigley offered extra credit to those who would give him custody of their phones for nine days and write about the experience.
“What they wrote was remarkable, and remarkably consistent,” Srigley wrote. At first, all the students felt disoriented and frustrated. ____11____
They paid more attention to the people around them.
For one thing, they observed, for the first time, how much other people were using their phones, for example in the middle of a face-to-face conversation.
“____12____, but yet again, I find myself guilty of this sometimes because it is the norm,” one student wrote. Another noted that as she walked by other people, they tended to pull out their phones “right before I could gain eye contact with them”.
They had better face-to-face conversations with family.
Two of the students were accustomed to using their phones to constantly message with their family members throughout the day, and they felt deprived of this contact. But when the students spent in-person time with their parents, ____13____.
They were more afraid.
Some of the students reported that they were fearful of having no phones, wondering what they would do if they were kidnapped or attacked or had to call an ambulance for some reason. Srigley noted, “What’s revealing is that these students perceived the world to be a very dangerous place. ____14____. The city in which these students lived has one of the lowest crime rates in the world and almost no violent crime of any kind, yet they experienced a pervasive, undefined fear.”
“Without cellphones, life would be simple and real, ____15____.” That’s probably truer for all of us than we would like to admit.
A. This action is very rude and unacceptable
B. their conversations were constantly interrupted
C. but we got things done quicker without the cell
D. Cellphones were seen as necessary to combat that danger
E. but we may not be able to cope with the world and our society
F. But after a few days without smartphones, they began to notice other things too
G. the parents were mostly pleased because they suddenly had their children’s undivided attention
【答案】11. F 12. A 13. G 14. D 15. E
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了哲学教授兼作家罗恩·斯里格里(Ron Srigley)给那些愿意让他保管手机9天的人写下这段经历并说明了经过9天没有手机的生活之后他们发生的变化。
【11题详解】
根据上文“At first, all the students felt disoriented and frustrated. (一开始，所有的学生都感到迷茫和沮丧)”和下文“They paid more attention to the people around them(他们更关注身边的人)”可知，空处与上文形成转折关系，说明了学生发生的变化。F项：But after a few days without smartphones, they began to notice other things too.(但在几天不使用智能手机后，他们开始注意到其他事情)符合语境。故选F。
【12题详解】
根据上文“For one thing, they observed, for the first time, how much other people were using their phones, for example in the middle of a face- to- face conversation. (首先，他们第一次观察了其他人使用手机的次数，比如在面对面交谈的过程中)”和下文“but yet again, I find myself guilty of this sometimes because it is the norm,” one student wrote. (一名学生写道：“但我又一次发现自己有时会为此感到内疚，因为这是常态。”)”可知，空处是学生对于面对面交谈的过程中使用手机的评价。A项：This action is very rude and unacceptable.(这种行为是非常粗鲁和不可接受的)符合语境。故选A。
【13题详解】
根据本段小标题“They had better face-to-face conversations with family. (他们更好的和家人面对面交流)”和上文“But when the students spent in-person time with their parents, (但是当学生们和他们的父母在一起的时候)”可知，父母为孩子在交流中发生的变化感到高兴。G项：the parents were mostly pleased because they suddenly had their children’s undivided attention.(父母们大都很高兴，因为他们突然得到了孩子们一心一意的关注)符合语境。故选G。
【14题详解】
根据上文“Srigley noted, “What is revealing is that these students perceived the world to be a very dangerous place. (斯里格里指出：“这些学生认为世界是一个非常危险的地方。”)”可知，空处说明这些学生想要用手机来对抗危险。D项：Cellphones were seen as necessary to combat that danger.(手机被认为是对抗这种危险的必要手段)符合语境。故选D。
【15题详解】
根据上文“Without cellphones, life would be simple and real(没有手机，生活将变得简单而真实)”和下文“That's probably truer for all of us than we would like to admit. (这可能比我们愿意承认的更真实)”可知，空处和上文形成转折关系。E项：but we may not be able to cope with the world and our society.(但是我们可能无法应对这个世界和我们的社会)符合语境。故选E。
三、完形填空（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）
Wildlife has been greatly threatened in the modern age. There are species that are becoming___16___ every day. The white-naped crane is a typical example. So scientists are trying their best to ___17___ the species from going out of existence.
Chris and Tim work at a zoo, helping endangered cranes with their ___18___. Emma, a female crane, has been in their ___19___ since she arrived in 2004.
Born at an international crane foundation, Emma was ___20___ by human caretakers. This led to an unexpected ___21___,though she had a wonderful time there. Emma had ___22___ taken herself as a crane and become deeply attached to humans. She ___23___ living with male cranes, and even had a ___24___ for killing some of them, which made it ___25___ for her to become a mother.
___26___,the two zookeepers didn’t want to see the extinction of this precious species. With their patience and efforts, they successfully developed a ___27___ of artificial breeding(人工繁殖) and natural reproduction. This ___28___ Emma to give birth to five baby cranes.
The two keepers are proud of their productive work. But before they can be ___29___,more efforts must be made, because the population of the crane in the wild is on the ___30___,and many other species appear headed toward extinction.___31___,not everyone has realized that wildlife has thoughts, feelings, and most importantly, equal rights to survive.
How can we ___32___ the ever-widening gap that separates us from other animals? Chris and Tim offered us the ___33___:human beings took it for granted that their ___34___ held all the solutions, but maybe their hearts can be a better ___35___.
16. A. extinct B. curious C. adventurous D. distinct
17. A. rid B. ban C. split D. save
18. A. administration B. reproduction C. adaptation D. recreation
19. A. eye B. spirit C. care D. story
20. A. brought up B. seized up C. came across D. came up
21. A. sacrifice B. effort C. victory D. consequence
22. A. unfortunately B. cheerfully C. rarely D. instantly
23. A. rejected B. hesitated C. decided D. adored
24. A. concern B. competence C. fame D. gift
25. A. inspiring. B. unlikely C. illegal D. vital
26. A. Instead B. Moreover C. Therefore D. However
27. A. system B. combination C. collection D. strategy
28. A. allowed B. urged C. forced D. forbade
29. A. indicated B. guaranteed C. defeated D. forecasted
30. A. rise B. increase C. decline D. boom
31. A. After all B. By the way C. In addition D. In contrast
32. A. open B. leave C. identify D. bridge
33. A. reward B. reply C. award D. requirement
34. A. programs B. actions C. brains D. performances
35. A. guide B. companion C. colleague D. example
【答案】16. A 17. D 18. B 19. C 20. A 21. D 22. C 23. A 24. C 25. B 26. D 27. B 28. A 29. B 30. C 31. D 32. D 33. B 34. C 35. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是篇说明文。在当今社会，野生动物面临着巨大的威胁，许多种类都濒临灭绝。文章以白枕鹤为例，讲述了人们是如何努力帮助它们繁衍生产，摆脱灭绝的危险；同时文章也希望人们能意识到野生动物也拥有思想、情感和生存的权利，用心去帮助它们。
【16题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每天都有物种濒临灭绝。A. extinct 灭绝的；B. curious 好奇的；C. adventurous 勇于冒险的；D. distinct 不同的。根据上一句“Wildlife has been greatly threatened in the modern age.”可推断，每天都有野生动物物种面临灭绝的危险。故选A。
【17题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，科学家们正在尽最大努力拯救这个物种，使其免于灭绝。A. rid 消除、摆脱；B. ban 禁止；C. split 分裂；D. save 拯救。根据第1题可知每天都有物种濒临灭绝，所以科学家们是要拯救这些物种。故选D。
【18题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：克里斯和蒂姆在动物园工作，帮助濒危的仙鹤繁殖。A. administration 管理；B. reproduction 繁殖；C. adaptation 适应；D. recreation 娱乐、消遣。根据第四段提到的“ artificial breeding(人工繁殖) and natural reproduction. ”及“ give birth to five baby cranes.”可知，他们是帮助濒临灭绝的仙鹤繁殖后代。故选B。
【19题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：艾玛是一只雌性鹤，自2004年来到这里以来一直受到他们的照顾。A. eye 眼睛；B. spirit 精神；C. care 关怀、照顾；D. story 故事。根据第三段“Born at an international crane foundation, Emma was ___5___by human caretakers. ”可知，艾玛一直在人类的照顾下长大的。故选C。
【20题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：艾玛出生在一个国际仙鹤基地，由人类饲养员抚养长大。A. brought up 抚养、养育；B. seized up 中止、卡住；C. came across 偶遇、无意间发现；D. came up 被提出、走近。根据第4题和第三段“ become deeply attached to humans.”（对人类产生了深厚的感情）可知，艾玛从小是由人类抚养长大的。故选A。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管她在那里过得很愉快，但这却带来了意想不到的结果。A. sacrifice 牺牲；B. effort 努力；C. victory 胜利；D. consequence 结果。根据第三段“which made it ___10___ for her to become a mother.”及第四段“the two zookeepers didn’t want to see the extinction of this precious species. ”可知，人类的关爱使她无法繁殖后代，面临灭绝的危险，所以是一个意想不到的结果。故选D。
【22题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：艾玛很少把自己当作仙鹤，与人类产生了深厚的感情。A. unfortunately 不幸地；B. cheerfully 愉快地；C. rarely 少有、罕见地；D. instantly 立刻、马上。根据上一句“This led to an unexpected consequence”可知，人类的关爱导致了意想不到的结果，艾玛对人类产生了依恋之情；同时根据下文中“killing some of them”可知，她甚至杀死一些雄鹤，说明她很少把自己当成仙鹤。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她拒绝和雄鹤一起生活。A. rejected 拒绝；B. hesitated 犹豫；C. decided 决定；D. adored 爱慕。根据句意，她杀死了一些雄鹤，说明她不愿意与他们一起生活。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：甚至因杀死了一些雄鹤而出名，这使她不可能成为一个母亲。A. concern 担心、忧虑；B. competence 能力、胜任；C. fame 名声；D. gift 礼物。根据本句句意，她杀死了雄鹤，不可能有雄鹤愿意和她一起繁殖后代了，说明她因此而出名。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这使她不可能成为一个母亲。A. inspiring 令人激励的；B. unlikely 不可能的；C. illegal 不合法的；D. vital 关键的。根据前文“ She rejected living with male cranes, and even had a fame for killing some of them, ”可知，艾玛不愿和雄鹤生活，甚至还杀死了一些雄鹤，所以不可能繁殖后代了。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，这两名动物园管理员不希望看到这种珍贵物种的灭绝。A. Instead 反之；B. Moreover 而且；C. Therefore 所以；D. However 然而。根据第三段“which made it unlikely for her to become a mother.”可知，艾玛不可能繁殖后代了，这就会导致这种珍贵物种的灭绝，所以这里用however，表示转折关系比较符合语境。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在他们的耐心和努力下，他们成功地开发出了人工繁殖和自然繁殖的结合。A. system 体系、系统；B. combination 结合；C. collection 收集；D. strategy 策略。根据句子结构，这里符合 a combination of ... and ...的固定短语；结合句意和常识，应该是人们的努力帮助实现了自然生产，所以是人工繁殖和自然繁殖的结合。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这让艾玛生下了五只鹤宝宝。A. allowed 允许；B. urged 催促；C. forced 逼迫；D. forbade 禁止。根据上一句“With their patience and efforts, they successfully developed a combination of artificial breeding(人工繁殖) and natural reproduction.”可知，在两位动物园管理员的努力下，成功开发了繁殖技术，使得艾玛生下了宝宝。所以是这种结合的技术允许艾玛有了当妈妈的机会。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但要保证这些，还必须付出更多努力，因为野生鹤的数量在减少，而且许多其他物种正走向灭绝。A. indicated 表明；B. guaranteed 保证；C. defeated 打败；D. forecasted 预报。根据第四段“This allowed Emma to give birth to five baby cranes.”可知，艾玛诞下五子，消除了濒临灭绝的危险；但是鹤的数量还是在减少，其他物种也濒临灭绝，所以要想确保得之不易的成果，还需要努力。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：因为野外的仙鹤数量在减少，而且许多其他物种正走向灭绝。A. rise 上升、增长；B. increase 增加；C. decline 下降、减少；D. boom 繁荣。根据“and many other species appear headed toward extinction.”可知，两句为并列递进关系，所以前文提到的人们还需继续努力，才能确保仙鹤不被灭绝的原因是“仙鹤数量在减少”符合语境。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：相反，不是每个人都意识到野生动物有思想，有感情，最重要的是，有平等的生存权利。A. After all 毕竟；B. By the way 顺便说一句；C. In addition 此外；D. In contrast 与此相反。根据前文“more efforts must be made”可知，作者认为人们应给更加努力来保护野生动物，但是事实是不是每个人都能意识到这些的，所以这里用“相反”符合语境。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们怎样才能缩小我们与其他动物之间不断扩大的鸿沟呢? A. open 打开；B. leave 离开、留下；C. identify 识别、确认；D. bridge 消除（隔阂）、弥合（分歧）。根据第五段“not everyone has realized that wildlife has thoughts, feelings, and most importantly, equal rights to survive.”可知，不是每个人都能意识到野生动物是有思想、感情和平等生存的权利的，说明人们和动物之间是有鸿沟的，所以作者提出如何才能消缩小这种鸿沟。故选D。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：克里斯和蒂姆给了我们答复。A. reward 酬谢、回报；B. reply 回答、答复；C. award 奖品；D. requirement 要求。根据上一句“How can we ___17___ the ever-widening gap that separates us from other animals? ”作者提出了问题，所以这里是二人给出了回答。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：人类想当然地认为他们的大脑拥有所有的解决方案，但也许他们的心可以成为更好的向导。A. programs 程序、项目；B. actions 行为、行动；C. brains 大脑；D. performances 表演。根据下文中“ hearts”并结合句意可知，这里应用“brains”与其相对应，表达不能光有想法，还要用心做事。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：人类想当然地认为他们的大脑拥有所有的解决方案，但也许他们的心可以成为更好的向导。A. guide 向导；B. companion 伙伴；C. colleague 同事；D. example 例子。根据第五段“not everyone has realized that wildlife has thoughts, feelings, and most importantly, equal rights to survive.”可知，人们没有意识到野生动物有思想和情感，拥有平等生存的权利，所以要想缩小人类与它们之间的鸿沟，就要从心里上认识到这些问题，这样才能真正解决问题。所以说人们的心可能才是解决问题的向导。故选A。


四、语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）
语法填空
Recently researchers at the University of New South Wales, Australia,_____36_____(invent) a soft skin stretch(拉伸) device (SSD), a haptic device that can recreate the sense of touch. It is similar to _____37_____ is felt in the real world, through force, vibration or motion.
The research team introduced a novel method to recreate the sense of touch through soft, artificial “muscles”. It works like this: Imagine you are at home and your friend is in Australia. You wear a haptic glove with the SSDs and your friend also wears a glove with ______38______ (integrate) 3D force sensors. If your friend picks up ____39____ object, it will _____40_____(physical) press against your friend’s fingers. And their glove with 3D force sensors will measure these interactions. The force signals can ______41______(send) to your glove so your device will generate the same 3D forces, _____42_____(make)you experience the same sense of touch as your friend. The haptic devices could allow users to feel objects inside a virtual world or _____43_____ a distance. This could be especially ____44____ (benefit) during such times like the COVID-19 pandemic when people rely on video calls to stay connected with loved ones. Or it could be used in medical practices. Doctors can feel a patient’s organ tissues with surgical tools _____45_____touching them.
【答案】36. have invented
37. what 38. integrated
39. an 40. physically
41. be sent
42. making 43. at
44. beneficial
45. without
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，如果可以在视频通话中触碰亲人会是什么样的感受？这听起来或许很不可思议，但科学家通过柔软的皮肤拉伸装置正将其变为现实。
【36题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：最近澳大利亚新南威尔士大学的研究人员发明了一种柔软的皮肤拉伸装置，这是一种可以重现触觉的设备。此处的时间状语Recently 强调时间长度而非时间点，所以用现在完成时（而不用一般过去时），主语researchers是名词复数，助动词用have。故填have invented。
【37题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：它通过力、振动或者运动来达到类似于真实世界中的感觉。分析句子可知，空处引导宾语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，表示“在真实世界中的感觉”，指物，应用what引导。故填what。
【38题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：你戴上配有柔软皮肤拉伸装置的触觉手套，你的朋友也戴着带有集成3D力传感器的手套。动词integrate和名词sensors之间是动宾关系，应用过去分词作定语。故填integrated。
【39题详解】
考查不定冠词。句意：当你的朋友捡起一个物体时，这个物体就会压在你朋友的手指上。object物体，可数名词，此处泛指“一个物体”，应用不定冠词，且object发音是以元音音素开头。故填an。
【40题详解】
考查副词。句意同上。修饰动词press，应用副词形式。故填physically。
【41题详解】
考查被动语态。句意：这些3D力信号可以发送到你的手套上，因此你的设备也将产生相同的3D力，让你能体验到和你的朋友一样的触感。动词send和主语The force signals之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，情态动词can后接动词原形。故填be sent。
【42题详解】
考查现在分词。句意同上。此处表示一种自然而然的结果，应用现在分词作结果状语。故填making。
43题详解】
考查介词。句意：触觉设备可以让用户感受到虚拟世界或远距离的物体。at a distance在远处，固定短语。故填at。
【44题详解】
考查形容词。句意：疫情期间，人们依靠视频电话与挚爱的人保持联系，在这些时候，触觉设备就格外有用。空处应填形容词作表语，beneficial有益的，形容词。故填beneficial。
【45题详解】
考查介词。句意：医生无需触摸，通过手术工具就能感受到病人的器官组织。根据上文提到的触觉设备的作用可知，医生无需触摸，通过手术工具就能感受到病人的器官组织，without没有，不借用，介词，符合语境。故填without。
五、单词填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）
46. Our civil rights group is o___________ to these companies who plan to move in and destroy local business.(根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】opposed##pposed
【解析】
【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：我们的民权组织反对这些计划迁入并破坏当地业务的公司。根据首字母和中文提示可知，此空应填opposed，而be opposed to表“反对”，为固定搭配。故填opposed。
47. It is widely a___that students should be evaluated in terms of overall quality. （根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】acknowledged
【解析】
【详解】考查固定句式。句意：普遍认为应该根据学生的全部素养来评估他们。根据句意和首字母提示可推知是“acknowledge”，acknowledge表示"承认；公认"，“It is acknowledged that......”是一个固定句型，意为"普遍认为……".。故填acknowledged。
48. He was punished for a c__________ that he didn’t commit. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】crime## rime
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：他因没有犯下的罪行而受到惩罚。根据句意及首字母可知，此处应填可数名词crime，作宾语，故填crime。
49. Parking is a___________ for people staying at the hotel. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】available##vailable
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：酒店为住客提供停车场。空处应填形容词作表语，根据句意及首字母提示可知，available可用，有空的，形容词。故填available。
50. If the light is not s__________ off, the device will automatically turn on. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】switched##witched
【解析】
【详解】考查被动语态。句意：如果灯没有关闭，设备会自动打开。由“the device will automatically turn on”可知，句子表示“如果灯没有关闭，设备会自动打开”，由首字母提示s可知，空格处是switch，switch off意为“关闭”，灯是被关闭，因此句子用被动语态，空格处用过去分词，故填switched。
51. The ____________(结合) of these two chemicals can cause an reaction. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】combination
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：这两种化学物质的结合会引起反应。根据汉语提示可知，combination结合，名词作主语。故填combination。
52. As things stand at present, she ____________(占用) the house that her grandfather built 50 years ago. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】occupies
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：就目前的情况来看，她住在她祖父50年前建造的房子里。根据汉语提示可知，occupy占用，动词，根据“As things stand at present”可知，句子是描述现在的情况，用一般现在时，主语是she，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填occupies。
53. She works as a consumer ____________ (拥护者，支持者). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】advocate
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：她是一名消费者维权者。根据汉语提示，空处填名词advocate，空前有冠词a，所以填名词单数，名词短语a consumer advocate在整个句中作宾语。故填advocate。
54. As a matter of fact, happiness doesn’t lie in how much _____________ (财产) you own. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】property
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：事实上，幸福并不在于你拥有多少财产。根据句子结构和汉语提示可知，此处应填不可数名词，property表示“财产”，符合题意，故填property。
55. Many ______(理论) have been advanced as to why some people suffer from depression. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】theories
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：关于为什么有些人会患抑郁症，人们提出了许多理论。“理论”是theory，由Many可知，空格处用可数名词复数形式，故填theories。
六、短文改错（满分10分）
56. 假如英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处错误。要求你在错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词。
增加: 在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧）, 并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除: 把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改: 在错的词下划一横线, 并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意: 1.每处错误及修改均仅限一词;
2 .只允许修改10处, 多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Last Sunday, my friend, Alun, asked me to help with our group who entertained at the local hospitals. Due to my unfinished homework, I was unwilling to go. But finally I persuaded to help him, which proved the extremely meaningful experience. I went to a local hospital with Alun on that evening. When guiding into the hospital, I was surprised to see so many patients there. Some patients were in wheelchairs, while other were with their arms in bandages. Alun said they suffered seriously pains and were a bit down these days. Besides, our performance lifted their spirits and moved all the people present, each of them cheered for us. Seeing their happy faces, I think joining Alun’s group was worthwhile.
【答案】1. our→his
2. persuaded前加was
3. the→an
4. guiding→guided
5. on删除
6. other→others
7. seriously→serious
8. Besides→However
9. them→whom
10. think→thought
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者接受好朋友的邀请，加入了去医院表演的队伍。他们的表演让医院的病人们重新振作了起来。看到病人们高兴的样子，作者认为这次经历很有意义。
【详解】1. 考查代词。句意：上周日，我的朋友艾伦请我去帮助他的团队在当地的医院表演。由后文可知作者的朋友Alun是男的，结合句意Alun请作者来帮“他”的团队，所以要将代词our改为his。故our改为his。
2. 考查语态。句意：但最后我被说服去帮他，最终证明了这是一次非常有意义的经历。由句意可知，此处指代作者被朋友说服去帮忙，主语I和谓语动词persuade之间是被动关系，由前后文可知时态为一般过去时，所以要用一般过去时的被动，即persuaded前加was。故persuaded前加was。
3. 考查冠词。句意：但最后我被说服去帮他，最终证明了这是一次非常有意义的经历。由句意可知，此处experience是可数名词，表示“经历”，在文中第一次出现，表泛指，extremely发音时以元音音素开头，所以要将定冠词the改为不定冠词an。故the改为an。
4. 考查固定短语句意：那天晚上我和艾伦一起去了一家当地医院。当evening前有that、this、next、every等限定词时，其前不用介词。故删除on。
5. 考查非谓语。句意：当被领进进医院时，我惊讶地看到那里有那么多病人。分析句子结构，此处是状语从句的省略，guide和逻辑主语I之间是被动关系，所以要将guiding改为过去分词guided，表被动，完整的句子是：When I was guided into the hospital, I was surprised to see so many patients there。故guiding改为guided。
6. 考查固定结构。句意：一些病人坐在轮椅上，而另一些人的手臂上缠着绷带。some…others…是固定结构，表示“一些……，另一些……”，所以要将other改为others，指代其他病人。故other改为others。
7. 考查形容词。句意：艾伦说他们遭受了严重的病痛，这几天情绪有点低落。分析句子结构，pains前的词作定语，修饰名词pains，所以要将副词seriously改为形容词serious。故seriously改为serious。
8. 考查副词。句意：然而，我们的表演鼓舞了他们的精神，感动了在场的所有人，每个人都为我们欢呼。前文句意强调病人们最近情绪低落，后文强调大家为我们的表演欢呼，前后感情色彩呈转折关系，所以要将Besides改为However。故Besides改为However。
9. 考查定语从句。句意：然而，我们的表演鼓舞了他们的精神，感动了在场的所有人，每个人都为我们欢呼。分析句子结构，此处考查“of+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰people，所以代词them要改为whom，each of whom引导该非限制性定语从句。故them改为whom。
10. 考查时态。句意：看到他们快乐的脸，我认为加入艾伦的小组是值得的。由前文可知，通篇时态都是一般过去时，所以think也要用一般过去时，即thought。故think改为thought。
七、书面表达（满分25分）
57. 请你根据以下材料为颜宁女士写一篇简介，作为论坛主持人的介绍词。不必涵盖所有细节，择重点即可。
前不久，在“2022深圳全球创新人才论坛（The Global Innovation Talent Forum）”上，生物学家颜宁宣布，即将辞去普林斯顿大学（Princeton University）教职，全职回国，颜宁回国的消息席卷国内各大媒体。这位“学术女神”，不但颜值出众，还学术斐然，不到30岁成为清华最年轻教授，赴美后更是成为美国两院院士（academician）。她的回国，引发大众热切关注。据悉，颜宁将出任深圳医学科学院创始院长，为全国创造全新的科研平台。
1977年11月，颜宁出生于山东省济南市。
1996年—2000年，颜宁在清华大学生物科学与技术系学习，2000年—2004年，颜宁在美国普林斯顿大学获博士学位，并从事博士后研究。
2007年，颜宁受聘清华大学医学院。任清华大学教授、博士生导师（doctoral supervisor）（成为当时清华最年轻的教授和博士生导师）
2011年8月，颜宁获国家杰出青年科学基金资助。
2017年5月7日，颜宁受聘为普林斯顿大学分子生物学系（Department of Molecular Biology）终身教授的职位；
2022年11月1日，宣布即将辞去普林斯顿大学教职，到深圳创立医学科学院。出任深圳医学科学院创始院长（Founding President）。
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【答案】 Yan Ning, born in November 1977 in Jinan, Shandong Province, studied in the Department of Biological Science and Technology of Tsinghua University from 1996 to 2000. In 2007, Yan Ning was hired by the Medical College of Tsinghua University and became the youngest professor and doctoral supervisor of Tsinghua University after receiving a doctorate degree from Princeton University in the United States in 2004. On May 7, 2017, Yan Ning was employed as a tenured professor in the Department of Molecular Biology of Princeton University. And on November 1, 2022, it was announced that she would quit her teaching job at Princeton University and found the Academy of Medical Sciences in Shenzhen as the founding president of Shenzhen Academy of Medical Sciences.
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文写作，现要求考生为颜宁女士写一篇简介作为论坛主持人的介绍词。其内容主要是颜宁人生中一些重要的学习成就和任职陈述等。
【详解】1.词汇积累
雇佣：hire→employ
辞掉：quit→resign
职位：job→position
建立：found→establish
2.句式拓展简
简单句变复合句
原句：Yan Ning, born in November 1977 in Jinan, Shandong Province, studied in the Department of Biological Science and Technology of Tsinghua University from 1996 to 2000.
拓展句：Yan Ning, who was born in November 1977 in Jinan, Shandong Province, studied in the Department of Biological Science and Technology of Tsinghua University from 1996 to 2000.
点睛】【高分句型1】 On May 7, 2017, Yan Ning was employed as a tenured professor in the Department of Molecular Biology of Princeton University. (运用了被动语态)
【高分句型2】And on November 1, 2022, it was announced that she would quit her teaching job at Princeton University and found the Academy of Medical Sciences in Shenzhen as the founding president of Shenzhen Academy of Medical Sciences. (运用了that引导的主语从句)