2022-2023学年重庆市二0三中学校高一上学期期末考试英语试题（解析版）

这是一份2022-2023学年重庆市二0三中学校高一上学期期末考试英语试题（解析版），共22页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7等内容，欢迎下载使用。
重庆市二0三中学2022—2023学年度(上)期末考试高一年级
英语试题
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的ABC三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does the woman decide to do tomorrow?
A. Play with Lucy. B. See a movie. C. Attend a wedding
2. What kind of music does the woman like best?
A. Light music. B. Pop music. C. Underground music.
3. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. In the office. B. In the hospital. C. In the drugstore.
4. What time does the plane take off?
A. At 7:30 a.m. B. At 8:00 a.m. C.At 10:00 a.m.
5. What do the speakers think of the final exam?
A. Just SO-SO. B. Difficult. C. Easy.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选 项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完 后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Why does the woman make the call?
A. To confirm a reservation.
B. To make an invitation.
C. To change a reservation.
7. When does the woman plan to go to the hotel?
A. On November 4th.
B. On November 5th.
C. On November 6th.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What does the man suggest the woman do first?
A. Rent an apartment.
B. Make some rules.
C. Talk with her roommates.
9. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Friends. B. Schoolmates. C. Teacher and student.
10. Why does the man choose to live in the dormitory?
A. It’s expensive to rent an apartment.
B. His roommates are friendly.
C. It’s convenient to go to class.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What do we know about the woman?
A. She graduated from college last year.
B. She doesn’t have much work experience.
C. She worked for her last company for a year.
12. What is the woman’s weakness?
A. She lacks confidence at work.
B. She’s hard to get along with sometimes.
C. She’s bad at learning.
13. What does the woman expect to do in five years?
A Be promoted.
B. Do what she likes.
C. Get a good salary.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14. How does the woman feel at first?
A. Hungry B. Worried. C. Tired。
15. Where are the speakers going?
A. To a train station. B. To a restaurant. C. To a store.
16. What will the man probably do next?
A. Drive slowly. B. Have a meal. C. Take a rest.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What did Benjamin McEvoy do in his first year at University of Oxford?
A. He went to almost every lecture available.
B. He often studied for hours at a time.
C. He seldom participated in class discussions actively.
18 How many learning methods did Benjamin McEvoy share?
A. 3. B. 4. C. 5.
19. What is Benjamin McEvoy’s last learning method?
A. Being an active student.
B. Studying in small blocks.
C. Going to lectures.
20. Who might the speaker be?
A. A teacher. B. A student. C. A host.
第二部分阅读理解(共两节;满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
A
Four Books about Super Scientists
You’ll find the lives of these top minds to be as inspiring as they are exciting in the following books.
The Extraordinary Life of Alan Turing
Second World War code-breaker Alan Turing features on the Bank of England’s new £50 note as a computer pioneer. This biography follows him from his childhood as a quiet boy who loved maths to becoming one of the most important scientists in history.
100 Scientists Who Made History
Bringing together mini-biographies of 100 scientists and innovators, this book will give you an overview of the history of science. Including astronauts, biologists, chemists, coders, doctors and physicists, it features fun facts about everyone from Hippocrates and Leonardo da Vinci through to Marie Curie and Stephen Hawking.
Rosalind Franklin: A Life Story
Rosalind Franklin was the scientist whose contribution to a crucial discovery in DNA — the chemical that tells your body how to grow and develop — was not recognized until after her death. This book shines a light on the extraordinary story of her life and achievements, using timelines, illustrations and fascinating facts.
40 Inspiring Icons: Super Scientists
Each part of this colourful illustrated book introduces you to a different “super scientist” and their discoveries. This is a fun and easy way to learn about all sorts of ideas, including Louis Pasteur’s vaccinations and Ada Lovelace’s invention of mysterious codes.
1. Which book will attract readers who are interested in computer science?
A. Rosalind Franklin: A Life Story B. 100 Scientists Who Made History
C. 40 Inspiring Icons: Super Scientists D. The Extraordinary Life of Alan Turing
2. Whose contribution was recognised after death?
A. Marie Curie’s. B. Louis Pasteur’s.
C. Rosalind Franklin’s. D. Stephen Hawking’s.
3. Where can the text probably be found?
A. In a novel. B. In a magazine.
C. In a biography. D. In a diary.
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四本与顶级科学家相关的书籍。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一个小标题下面“Second World War code-breaker Alan Turing features on the Bank of England’s new £50 note as a computer pioneer. This biography follows him from his childhood as a quiet boy who loved maths to becoming one of the most important scientists in history.(第二次世界大战密码破译者艾伦·图灵作为计算机先驱出现在英格兰银行新版50英镑纸币上。这本传记讲述了他从一个热爱数学的安静男孩到成为历史上最重要的科学家之一的故事。)”可知，这本书是讲述一个历史上伟大的计算机科学家艾伦·图灵的事迹，所以可推知，这本书会吸引对计算机科学感兴趣的读者。故选D项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三个小标题下面“Rosalind Franklin was the scientist whose contribution to a crucial discovery in DNA — the chemical that tells your body how to grow and develop — was not recognized until after her death.(罗莎琳德·富兰克林是一位科学家，她对DNA的重大发现做出了贡献——DNA是一种告诉你的身体如何生长和发育的化学物质——直到她去世后才得到认可。)”可知，罗莎琳德·富兰克林的贡献在她去世以后才被承认。故选C项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。分析全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了四本与顶级科学家相关的书籍，让读者大致了解了每本书的主要内容和书中所记载的科学家及他们的发明，所以可推知本文可能来自一篇杂志。故选B项。
B
A man in North Dakota was greeted by a surprise when he left his truck parked under a walnut (核桃) tree. It seemed like a hard-working squirrel had shed blood, sweat and tears to collect all the walnuts.
The salesman, 56, said that on returning from a four-day trip in early September he opened the hood (引擎盖) of his truck, only to find lots of walnuts stored inside.
Since 2013, the red squirrel has been hiding walnuts in his truck every two years when his neighbor’s tree produces walnuts. Fischer said this year’s walnut collection is the most the squirrel has ever filled in the hood of his truck — around 42 gallons of walnuts.
Every walnut season, once the tree is bare, he empties the hood of his truck and gives the walnuts away. “The squirrel will sit in the tree and watch me clean up his winter storage almost like: ‘That’s mine, buddy,’ ” Fischer said.
Fischer also said the squirrel has ignored his other vehicles. “I’ve got other vehicles that sit very close to that tree, and it’s always my truck.” he said. “I’ve even parked purposely out on the street — as far away as I can from the walnut tree — but it still finds my truck and hides them in there.”
“It’s very possible that this funny squirrel considers Bill Fischer’s truck to be part of its home,” Aliperti said, who led a study that found that ground squirrels’ personalities are tied to risk-taking. Aliperti added that the hood of a truck is a perfect hiding place to a squirrel because it’s concealed and dry. Since the squirrel taking over Fischer’s truck appears to be a repeat offender, Aliperti said this one might be particularly brave.
4. What trouble did the squirrel cause for Bill Fischer?
A. Building a home in his truck. B. Packing walnuts in his truck.
C. Opening walnuts in his truck. D. Breaking the hood of his truck.
5. How were the walnuts dealt with by Fischer?
A. They were returned to the squirrel.
B. They were collected for the winter.
C. They were cleaned up from the hood.
D. They were hidden in another place.
6. According to Aliperti, why does the squirrel hide walnuts in Bill’s truck ?
A. The truck is red, clean and empty.
B. The truck is convenient to transporting walnuts.
C. The truck is considered as its home.
D. The truck is closest to the tree.
7. What does the underlined word “concealed” in the last paragraph mean ?
A. secret. B. quiet. C. open. D. large.
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. C 7. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了北达科他州的一名男子和一只松鼠的故事。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Since 2013, the red squirrel has been hiding walnuts in his truck every two years when his neighbor’s tree produces walnuts.(自2013年以来，这只红松鼠每两年就在邻居的树结出核桃时把核桃藏在自己的卡车里)”可知，松鼠给比尔·费舍尔带来的麻烦是在他的卡车里藏核桃。故选B项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Every walnut season, once the tree is bare, he empties the hood of his truck and gives the walnuts away.(每到核桃的季节，一旦树上光秃秃的，他就会清空卡车的引擎盖，把核桃送人。)”可知，菲舍尔处理核桃的方式是清空卡车的引擎盖把核桃送人，所以可推知，这些核桃被清理干净了。故选C项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“It’s very possible that this funny squirrel considers Bill Fischer’s truck to be part of its home(很有可能，这只有趣的松鼠把比尔·费舍尔的卡车当成了自己家的一部分)”可知，根据阿利珀蒂的说法，之所以松鼠会把核桃藏在比尔的卡车里是因为卡车被认为是它的家。故选C项。
【7题详解】
词义猜测题。根据画线词的上文“Aliperti added that the hood of a truck is a perfect hiding place to a squirrel(阿利珀蒂补充说，卡车的引擎盖是松鼠的完美藏身之处)”可推知，这个地方是完美的藏身之处，就说明这个地方是隐蔽的，所以推测出画线词是“隐蔽、秘密”的意思。故选A项。
C
Until now the usual way we identify dogs is with micro-chipping. In some countries it’s even the law. But a company from South Korea has developed an app that can identify dogs a little less invasively. On this phone, I’ve got the new app, PetNow, which is now using the dog’s nose print to identify a dog, just like you can use a fingerprint with a human to make identification. A dog’s nose print is very similar as well.
“Now show me your nose, buddy.” It takes me a few seconds to take pictures of the dog’s nose. “Oh yes, I made it, okay! Then who is the dog? Is it Emma, Lenard, Karl, or Ethan?”
The app analyses the data in the cloud and tells me that this is Emma, and not only that, it’s showing me that Emma’s been reported as missing. And it’s telling me where she was reported missing, and I can share my location with the owner, so they can be reunited.
Unlike a micro-chip, which could be cut out of a stolen dog, you can’t really remove a dog’s nose, not without spoiling the dog. And by using the phone’s camera to scan, anyone in theory can check a stray dog without any specialist equipment.
Recently, I’ve spoken to PetNow to find out why they’d settled on nose prints for dog recognition. There may be paws or ears, but some dogs really hate showing up, sharing their paws or their ears. Nose is actually exposed all the time. And after a dog become six months old the nose print stays there their entire life, so we believe that it is the best part for identification.
PetNow hopes its app will become mandatory in South Korea to help reduce the number of dogs that are abandoned by pet owners. To do that they will need the backing of government and a huge marketing push, so that everybody including people who don’t own a dog must install the app and know how to use it.
8. Which can be inferred from the passage?
A. Dogs’ prints are very similar.
B. Micro-chipping a dog is out of date.
C. The app can map out a lost dog’s original place.
D. The app requires specialist equipment.
9. Why did PetNow settle on nose prints for dog recognition?
A. Because a micro-chip can be cut out.
B. Because some dogs hate showing up.
C. Because their nose print never changes.
D. Because their nose is easy to be photographed.
10. Which of the word best explains the underlined word “mandatory” in the last paragraph?
A. safe. B. required. C. professional. D. easy.
11. What’s the best title of the passage?
A. Taking Pictures for Dog’s Nose. B. Nose Print Technology on the Way.
C. PetNow Saves Abandoned Dogs. D. PetNow Identifies Dogs with Nose Print.
【答案】8. C 9. D 10. B 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了应用程序PetNow，它可以通过狗的鼻纹对狗进行识别。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“And it’s telling me where she was reported missing, and I can share my location with the owner, so they can be reunited.(它告诉我她在哪里被报告失踪，我可以和主人共享我的位置，这样他们就可以团聚了)”可推知，应用程序PetNow可以标记出已丢失小狗的原始位置。故选C项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“There may be paws or ears, but some dogs really hate showing up, sharing their paws or their ears. Nose is actually exposed all the time. (可能有爪子或耳朵，但有些狗真的很讨厌出现，分享它们的爪子或耳朵。鼻子实际上一直暴露在外)”可知，PetNow选定鼻纹进行识别，是因为狗的鼻子一直暴露在外，更容易被拍摄。故选D项。
【10题详解】
词句猜测题。根据最后一段“PetNow hopes its app will become mandatory in South Korea to help reduce the number of dogs that are abandoned by pet owners. To do that they will need the backing of government and a huge marketing push, so that everybody including people who don’t own a dog must install the app and know how to use it.( PetNow希望其应用程序在韩国成为mandatory，以帮助减少宠物主人遗弃的狗的数量。要做到这一点，他们需要政府的支持和巨大的市场推广，这样每个人，包括没有养狗的人，都必须安装该应用程序并知道如何使用它)”可知，得到政府的支持和巨大的市场推广，每个人都必须安装这款应用程序，程序才会变成强制性的，推测划线单词表示“强制性的”，与required同义。故选B项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“On this phone, I’ve got the new app, PetNow, which is now using the dog’s nose print to identify a dog, just like you can use a fingerprint with a human to make identification.( 在这部手机上，我有一个新的应用程序PetNow，它现在使用狗的鼻纹来识别狗，就像你可以用人类的指纹来识别一样)”以及文章内容可知，本文主要介绍了应用程序PetNow，它可以通过狗的鼻纹对狗进行识别，所以“PetNow用鼻纹识别狗”可以作为文章标题。故选D项。
D
Close to the North Pole, remote and rocky Plateau Mountain in the Norwegian archipelago of Svalbard seems an unlikely spot for any global effort to safeguard agriculture. Yet at the end of a 130-meter-long tunnel cut out of solid stone is a room filled with humanity’s most precious treasure, the largest and most diverse seed collection—more than a half-billion seeds.
With growing evidence that unchecked climate change will seriously affect food production and threaten the diversity (多样性) of crops around the world, the Svalbard Global Seed Vault (地窖) represents a major step towards ensuring the preservation (贮藏) of hundreds of thousands of crop varieties. This is a seed collection, but more importantly, it is a collection of the traits (特征) found within the seeds: the genes that give one variety resistance to a particular pest and another variety tolerance for hot, dry weather.
In sealed boxes, behind multiple locked doors, monitored by electronic security systems, enveloped in below-zero temperatures, and surrounded by tons of rock, hundreds of millions of seeds are protected in their mountain fortress. Frozen in such conditions inside the mountain, seeds of most major crops will remain viable for hundreds of years, or longer. Seeds of some are capable of retaining (保留) their ability to grow for thousands of years.
Everyone can look back now and say that the Seed Vault was a good and obvious idea. But back in 2004, when the Seed Vault was proposed, it was viewed as a crazy, impractical, and expensive idea.
We knew that nothing would provide a definite guarantee. But we were tired, fed up, and frankly scared of the steady, greater losses of crop diversity. The Seed Vault was built by optimists who wanted to do something to preserve options so that humanity and its crops might be better prepared for change. If it simply resupplied seed gene banks with samples those gene banks had lost, this would repay our efforts.
The Seed Vault is about hope and commitment— about what can be done if countries come together and work cooperatively to accomplish something significant, long-lasting, and worthy of who we are and wish to be.
12. According to the passage, the Seed Vault is ________ .
A. a seed gene bank that stores diverse seeds for future agriculture
B. a lab where researchers study how to maintain the diversity of crops
C. a stone room that contains the seeds of endangered crops
D. a tunnel where the collected seeds are displayed
13. The underlined word “viable” in Paragraph 3 probably means ________.
A. mature B. alive C. clean D. valuable
14. What does paragraph 3 mainly tell us?
A. what people do to study the seeds. B. where people keep the seeds.
C. why the seeds are protected. D. how the seeds are preserved.
15. What can we know from the passage?
A. the Seed Vault offers a solution to climate change.
B most countries took part in rescuing the seed varieties.
C. many people originally considered building the Seed Vault unwise.
D. the Seed Vault guarantees to prevent the loss of crop diversity.
【答案】12. A 13. B 14. D 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了在靠近北极的挪威斯瓦尔巴群岛上，偏远而多岩石的高原山里的一个世界最大、最多样化的种子基因库。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“With growing evidence that unchecked climate change will seriously affect food production and threaten the diversity (多样性) of crops around the world, the Svalbard Global Seed Vault (地窖) represents a major step towards ensuring the preservation (贮藏) of hundreds of thousands of crop varieties. This is a seed collection, but more importantly, it is a collection of the traits (特征) found within the seeds: the genes that give one variety resistance to a particular pest and another variety tolerance for hot, dry weather. (随着越来越多的证据表明，不受控制的气候变化将严重影响粮食生产，并威胁到世界各地作物的多样性，斯瓦尔巴特群岛全球种子库是确保数成千上万的作物品种贮藏的重要一步。这是一批种子，但更重要的是，它是种子中发现的特征的集合：使一个品种对特定害虫的抗性，而使另一个品种对炎热干燥天气有耐受性的基因)”可知，这个种子库里为未来农业储存多种种子的种子基因库，一旦气候变化破坏了世界各地作物的多样性，这里的种子就可以派上用场。故选A项。
【13题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第三段“Frozen in such conditions inside the mountain, seeds of most major crops will remain viable for hundreds of years, or longer. Seeds of some are capable of retaining (保留) their ability to grow for thousands of years. (在这样的条件下被冻在山里，大多数主要作物的种子将保持viable数百年或更长时间。有些种子能够保留它们生长数千年的能力)”可知，下句Seeds of some are capable of retaining (保留) their ability to grow for thousands of years可知，有些种子在数千年后，依然能发芽生长，与上一句为顺接关系，故推知：保存在这里的大多数主要作物的种子几百年之后还是有生命力的。A. mature成熟的；B. alive活着的；C. clean干净的；D. valuable有价值的。viable与alive意思相近，故选B项。
【14题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段“In sealed boxes, behind multiple locked doors, monitored by electronic security systems enveloped in below- zero temperatures, and surrounded by tons of rock, hundreds of millions of seeds are protected in their mountain fortress. (在密封的盒子里，在多个锁着的门后面，由电子安全系统监控，在零度以下的环境中，被许多岩石包围，数以亿计的种子被山中堡垒所保护)”可知，第三段主要讲了种子在这个种子库中是如何储存的，故选D项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“But back in 2004, when the Seed Vault was proposed, it was viewed as a crazy，impractical, and expensive idea. (但早在2004年，当种子库被提出时，它被视为一个疯狂的、不切实际的、昂贵的想法)”中的几个形容词（crazy, impractical, and expensive）可知，许多人最初认为建立种子库是不明智的。故选C项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选 项。
How to Say Anything
Could you use some advice? Or has something big happened? Our tips can help you say anything to your parents.
Pick the right time. You need your parents’ full attention in order to have a good talk. Try not to bring up something when it’s past your bedtime or when your parent is in a rush. ____16____ Your parents want to know what’s on your mind, so ask them to make time for you.
Go slowly. What you need to say probably isn’t simple, so don’t try to get it all out in one breath. Give your parents the details they need to make a decision before you start trying to bargain with them. Besides, another thing is also of great importance. ____17____ Listen to them, and they’ll listen to you.
Be honest. Your parents will respond better if you believe that you’re telling the truth and not trying to avoid blame. Take responsibility for your part in getting into trouble or earning a bad grade. ____18____ Things get worse the longer you wait.
Try, try again. When you fly off the handle, your parents have a hard time seeing your point of view. If you’re angry or frustrated, take a break from the conversation. Excuse yourself, and go somewhere to cool off. ____19____
Be brave. ____20____ But your parents almost always can help you solve a problem or answer a big question, and you’ll almost always feel better afterward. Talk to your parents. You’ll be glad you did.
A. If you’ve done something wrong, admit it.
B. After all, details determine success or failure.
C. Remember that conversation is about give and take.
D. If your parents are occupied, make an “appointment”.
E. Your conversation will be reduced to a terrible quarrel.
F. Gather your thoughts and try talking to your parents again.
G. You might have a question for long before you get up the courage to let it out.
【答案】16. D 17. C 18. A 19. F 20. G
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了如何开口和父母说你想的说的任何话，并且给出了一些建议。
【16题详解】
上文“Try not to bring up something when it’s past your bedtime or when your parent is in a rush.”（试着不要在你的就寝时间过后或者你的父母赶时间的时候提起这件事。）说明找到合适的谈话时间。下文“Your parents want to know what’s on your mind, so ask them to make time for you.”（你的父母想知道你在想什么，所以请让他们为你挤出时间。）提到请求父母给出时间。故可推断空格处内容为如果父母忙的话，就提前约定时间。结合选项D项If your parents are occupied, make an “appointment”.（如果你的父母都很忙，那就“预约”一下。）符合此推断，上下文语意连贯，起着下文的承上启下作用。故选D项。
【17题详解】
根据下文“Listen to them, and they’ll listen to you.”（听他们的，他们也会听你的。）说明和父母谈话是相互的。结合选项C项Remember that conversation is about give and take.（记住，对话是关于给予和索取的。）和上文内容相关，是上文内容的递进。故选C项。
【18题详解】
根据该段标题Be honest.（要诚实。）以及上文“Take responsibility for your part in getting into trouble or earning a bad grade.”（对自己陷入麻烦或成绩不佳的那部分负责。）可知，讲的是关于诚实的问题，要正视自己的错误。下文“Things get worse the longer you wait.”（你等的时间越长，情况就越糟。）故可推断空格处内容为如果做错了什么就及时地承认。结合选项A项If you’ve done something wrong, admit it.（如果你做错了什么，就承认吧。）符合此推断，为上下文的承上启下，上下文语意连贯。故选A项。
【19题详解】
由该题位于此段的句尾，可知为总结该段内容或与上文内容相关。上文“When you fly off the handle, your parents have a hard time seeing your point of view. If you’re angry or frustrated, take a break from the conversation. Excuse yourself, and go somewhere to cool off.”（当你勃然大怒时，你的父母很难理解你的观点。如果你生气或沮丧，从谈话中休息一下。为自己找个借口，找个地方冷静冷静。）可知，讲的是调整好自己的情绪。结合选项F项Gather your thoughts and try talking to your parents again.（整理一下思绪，再试着和你的父母谈谈。）意思一致，为该段内容的总结。故选F项。
【20题详解】
根据该段标题Be brave.（要勇敢。）提到勇气。以及下文“But your parents almost always can help you solve a problem or answer a big question, and you’ll almost always feel better afterward.”（但是你的父母几乎总是可以帮你解决一个问题或回答一个大问题，之后你几乎总是会感觉更好。）讲的是父母可以帮助你解决问题。结合选项G项You might have a question for long before you get up the courage to let it out.（在你鼓起勇气说出来之前，你可能会有一个问题想了很久。）为上下文语意的衔接，起到上下文的承上启下作用，上下文语意连贯。故选G项。
第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。
I was so excited when Mrs. Burks announced we were going to the skating rink (溜冰场). I’d never been roller-skating and really wanted to learn how to skate.
When we got there, everyone___21___ inside. Some of us rented our skates and soon began lacing (系好鞋带) them up. Then, everyone but me___22___ away from the wall and started skating.___23___ onto the handrail (扶 手 ), I pulled myself along the side as I tried moving my legs back and forth. After a few failed___24___, Mrs. Burks skated over to me.
“When you start to___25___, relax. If you struggle to keep from falling, you’ll be more___26___ to hurt yourself,” said Mrs. Burks.
Mrs. Burks ____27____ for one of my hands. I took a deep breath and ____28____ her warm hand. As we moved away from the wall, she called out, “Take a deep___29___. Move your foot forward at an angle and then do the ____30____ thing with the other foot.” I tried to follow her _____31_____ in every way. “That’s good! You’re moving your feet like you should. But remember to relax when you start to go down. Let’s try again,” Mrs.Burks said.
So I did. When I began losing my balance, I____32____ crumpled (倒下) to the floor. Mrs. Burks was right! It didn’t____33____ as much. I was able to get up faster and try again.
Later I began to see how Mrs. Burks’ instructions worked for other _____34_____. As long as I kept trying to do my best, I could learn something even when I____35____. I could get back up, try again, and understand it’s all right to fall.
21. A. played B. laughed C. rushed D. wandered
22. A. escaped B. flew C. jumped D. rolled
23. A. Holding B. Sitting C. Standing D. Lying
24. A. trips B. tries C. performances D. shows
25. A. smile B. fall C. learn D. rest
26. A. nervous B. serious C. likely D. annoyed
27. A. turned B. stopped C. rolled D. reached
28. A. grabbed B. touched C. ignored D. expected
29. A. balance B. brain C. courage D. breath
30. A. opposite B. interesting C. same D. dangerous
31. A. example B. instructions C. footsteps D. passions
32. A. happily B. safely C. immediately D. violently
33. A. defeat B. impress C. hurt D. bother
34. A. sports B. skates C. challenges D. chances
35. A. failed B. quit C. cried D. dropped
【答案】21. C 22. D 23. A 24. B 25. B 26. C 27. C 28. A 29. D 30. C 31. B 32. B 33. C 34. C 35. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。“我”第一次学习滑旱冰的经历，让“我”明白即使失败，也能从中学得到一些道理。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们到达那里时，所有人都冲了进去。A. play玩耍，弹奏；B. laugh大笑；C. rushed快速行进，冲； D. wandered漫步，闲逛。根据前文 Mrs. Burks（老师）宣布我们要去溜冰场时，我很兴奋，因为我从来没有滑过旱冰，想学习滑冰。且后文提到除了我不会滑冰，其他人很快租了鞋子去滑冰。可知我们（同学们）迫不及待冲进溜冰场了。故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，除了我之外，所有人都从墙边滑走了，开始滑冰。A. escaped逃跑；B. flew飞走；C. jumped挑；D. rolled (away) 滑走，滚开。根据前文roller-skating，可知其他人穿着旱冰鞋滑走了。故选D项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：抓住扶手，我试着前后移动我的腿，（沿着扶手）慢慢把自己往前拉。A. Holding抓，握；B. Sittin坐；C. Standing站；D. Lying趟。根据前文可知我第一次学习滑冰，比较胆小，所以抓着扶手，开始尝试。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：几次尝试失败后，Mrs. Burks滑向我。A. trips旅行；B. tries尝试，努力；C. performances 表演；D. shows节目。根据后文failed 可知我前几次尝试滑冰都失败了。故选B项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当你开始跌倒时，放松。A. smile微笑；B. fall跌倒；C. learn学习；D. rest休息。后文“ If you struggle to keep from falling, you’ll be more likely to hurt yourself. ”说明如果硬挣扎着不摔倒，反倒更可能受伤，可知Mrs. Burks教我快跌倒时要放松。故选B项。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果你挣扎着不跌倒，你会更有可能伤到自己。A. nervous紧张的； B. serious严肃的，认真的；C. likely可能的；D. annoyed生气的。前文“When you start to fall, relax.”说明快摔倒的时候要放松，可知如果挣扎着不摔倒就会更有可能受伤。故选C项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Mrs. Burks向我的一只手伸过手来。A. turned 转变；B. stopped 停止；C. rolled滚动，转动；D. reached伸手够，拿。后文“I took a deep breath and grabbed her warm hand.”说明我抓住了Mrs. Burks的手，可知Mrs. Burks向我伸出手来了。故选D项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我深吸一口气，抓住她温暖的手。A. grabbed 抓住；B. touched触摸，感动；C. ignored 忽视；D. expected 期待。前文“Mrs. Burks reached for one of my hands.”说明Mrs. Burks再我几次尝试失败后，主动伸出手来帮我，可知我抓住了她的手。故选A项。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：深呼吸。A. balance平衡；B. brain大脑；C. courage勇气；D. breath呼吸。前文“I took a deep breath and ____8____ her warm hand. 根据此句可以得知作者有些紧张。所以此句中，当作者尝试去做的时候，她鼓励作者，让作者放松。结合选项，“深呼吸”符句意。故选D项。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：以一个角度，把你的脚向前移动，然后用另一只脚做同样的事。A. opposite对面的，相反的；B. interesting有趣的；C. same同样的；D. dangerous危险的。前文“Get your balance.”Mrs. Burks在教我保持平衡，可知我的两只脚要以相同的角度向前移动。故选C项。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我尽力按照她的指示去做。A. example例子，榜样； B. instructionsz指导，说明；C. footsteps脚印；D. passions激情。后文“That’s good! You’re moving your feet like you should. ”说明Mrs. Burks夸我做得好，可知我是按照Mrs. Burks的指令做动作，学习滑冰。故选B项。
【32题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：当我开始失去平衡时，我安全地倒在地板上。A. happily 高兴地；B. safely安全地，无伤害地；C. immediately 立即；D. violently 暴力地。后文“I was able to get up faster and try again.”说明我没有明显受伤，可知我倒在地板上时是安全的，没有受伤的。故选B项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Mrs. Burks说得对!没那么疼。A. defeat打败；B. impress留下印象；C. hurt感到疼痛，受伤；D. bother打扰，麻烦。上文“ I safely crumpled to the floor.”说明我没怎么受伤，可知不是很疼。故选C项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：后来，我开始明白Mrs. Burks的指导对其他挑战是如何起作用的。A. sports 运动；B. skates溜冰鞋，冰刀，滑板车；C. challenges挑战；D. chances机会。根据后文“I could get back up, try again, and trust God would be there to help me.”可知我会重新起来，再一次尝试，此处是指生活中遇到其他挑战时，她的指导同样奏效。故选C项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：只要我一直努力做到最好，即使失败了我也能学到一些东西。A. failed失败；B. quit停止，离任；C. cried 哭泣；D. dropped （让某物）落下。根据前文“After a few failed attempts, Mrs. Burks skated over to me.”，结合文章，我在失败后，在Mrs. Burks的帮助下，学会了保持平衡、如何减少受伤，可知即使失败，我也能学到一些道理，与前文呼应。故选A。
第二节56题 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
While the pandemic has prevented people from traveling afar, there’s a silver lining to that dark cloud: micro-tourism, or mini-vacations
Micro-tourism refers to short-distance travel,___36___ people drive two or three hours to a nearby destination and spend two or three days. According to China Today, micro-tourism began catching on seven or eight years ago, but it___37___(become) increasingly popular since the COVID-19 pandemic. With the pandemic prevention and control measures___38___(make) long and distant trips less convenient, more and more Chinese people choose to take short trips instead.
Mark Hou from Shanghai is one of them. Before the pandemic, the 28-year-old ___39___ (prefer) taking long trips abroad or leaving Shanghai to see___40___(place) of interest in other Chinese provinces. But the pandemic meant he had to adapt to___41___ extremely new travel style. “Traveling a long distance means you should take public transportation. But that would more___42___(possible) increase the chances of infection(感染),” Hou said. “To stay healthy, short-distance travel is the___43___(good) choice. When we feel tired, we can put up a tent to rest and have a picnic. That can ease tensions of___44___(day) life.”
With the new trend, young tourists no longer look to get ‘distance’,____45____are willing to find new ways to experience their cities. Travel doesn't mean you need to go far away to find a resting spot for your heart. That’s also the mission of the micro-tourism.
【答案】36. where
37. has become
38. making 39. preferred
40. places 41. an
42. possibly
43. better 44. daily
45. but
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了新型的旅行方式——微旅行。微旅行不同于以往的旅行，不用做详细的计划，也不需要花费很多，灵活多变。
【36题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：“微旅行”指的是短途旅行，人们会开两三个小时的车到附近的目的地，然后游玩两、三天。分析句子可知，此处考查引导定语从句的关系词，指代先行词travel，指物，在从句中作地点状语，故应用where引导。故填where。
【37题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：据《中国日报》报道，微旅行于七、八年前开始流行，但自新冠疫情大流行以来，就越来越受人们欢迎。分析句子可知，空处应填动词作谓语，根据时间状语since the COVID-19 pandemic可知，此处应用现在完成时，而主语为it，故空处应用动词现在完成时的第三人称单数形式。故填has become。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：由于各地推行疫情防控措施，长途出行变得愈发不方便，越来越多的中国人选择短途出行。分析句子可知，此处应用动词非谓语形式作宾补，空处与逻辑主语之间是主动关系，故空处应用动词现在分词形式作宾补。故填making。
【39题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：新冠疫情大流行之前，这位28岁的年轻人更喜欢长途旅行，或者离开北京，去游览国内其他省份的名胜古迹。分析句子可知，此处应用动词作谓语，结合语意可知，此处应用一般过去时。故填preferred。
【40题详解】
考查名词。句意：新冠疫情大流行之前，这位28岁的年轻人更喜欢长途旅行，或者离开北京，去游览国内其他省份的名胜古迹。分析句子可知，此处应填名词作宾语，结合语意可知，此处考查固定短语places of interest“名胜古迹”，此处应用名词复数形式指其他省份的名胜古迹。故填places。
41题详解】
考查冠词。句意：但疫情让他必须适应一种新的旅行方式。分析句子可知，空处后的travel style指旅行方式，可数名词，此处用单数表泛指，故空处应用不定冠词，而extremely发音以元音音素开头，故空处应用不定冠词an。故填an。
【42题详解】
考查副词。句意：“但这就可能增加感染的风险，”侯说。分析句子可知，此处应用副词作状语修饰动词increase，故空处应用possibly。故填possibly。
【43题详解】
考查形容词。句意：“为了保持健康，短途旅行是更好的选择。”分析句子可知，此处应用形容词作定语，结合语意可知，此处意为“更好的”，故空处应用形容词比较级better。故填better。
44题详解】
考查形容词。句意：这样可以缓解日常生活的压力。分析句子可知，此处应用形容词作定语修饰名词life，结合语意可知，此处意为“日常的”，故空处应用daily。故填daily。
【45题详解】
考查连词。句意：随着新趋势的出现，年轻游客不再寻求“距离”，而是愿意寻找新的方式来体验他们的城市。分析句子可知，空处前后是并列的谓语，故此处应用并列连词，结合语意可知，此处意为“但是”，表示转折，故应用but。故填but。
第四部分写作(共两部分，满分40分)
第一节、57题 单词拼写(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
根据首字母或汉语提示，用所学单词的正确形式填空。一空一词。请将完整的单词写在答题卡上。
46. You’d better p________ your bags. We’re leaving in an hour. （根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】pack##ack
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：你最好收拾行李。我们一小时后就要走了。根据首字母提示以及“We’re leaving in an hour. ”可知，你最好打包行李。空处用动词pack“打包”。You’d better do sth.“最好做某事”。故填pack。
47. I have offered to clean up the hotel in exchange for a week’s a________ in it. （根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】accommodation##ccommodation
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：我主动提出打扫旅馆以换取在里面住一周的机会。空前为a week’s所有格形式，意为“一周的”，故空处需要填写名词。accommodation意为“住宿”，符合题意。故填accommodation。
48. Proper communication can n________ the gap between parents and children and make them closer to each other. （根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】narrow##arrow
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：恰当的沟通可以缩小父母和孩子之间的距离，使他们彼此更亲近。根据首字母和句意可知，动词narrow意为“缩小，变窄”符合句意，且跟在情态动词之后，应该使用动词原形。故填narrow。
49. Written Chinese has also become an important m________ by which China’s present is connected with its past. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】means##eans
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：汉语书面语也成为中国过去与现在联系的重要手段。根据句意“方法，手段”和首字母提示“m”以及空前的不定冠词“an”可知，此处需填单数名词means作宾语。故填means。
50. Recently we have c________ a survey of 100 junior and senior students in order to learn more about students’ reading habits. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】conducted##onducted
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：最近，我们对100名初中生和高中生进行了一项调查，以了解更多关于学生的阅读习惯。根据句意“执行”和首字母提示“c”可知，此处为动词conduct；结合时间状语“recently”可知，此处为现在完成时，已有助动词have，空处需填过去分词conducted。故填conducted。
51. At first s ________, Chongqing is a beautiful city. When you stay longer, you will find it much more than beautiful. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】sight##ight
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：乍一看，重庆是一个美丽的城市。当你待久了，你会发现它不仅仅是美丽。根据单词首字母以及句意可知应填名词sight，作宾语。故填sight。
52. The school has made all the ________ (安排) for the sports meeting. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】arrangements
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：学校已经为运动会做好了一切安排。设空处为宾语，应用名词，根据汉语提示可知是arrangement，可数名词，这里应用复数形式，故填arrangements。
53. Sometimes, it can take a long time to find a ________ (解决办法) to the problem. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】solution
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：有时需要花很长的时间找到问题的解决方法。根据汉语提示可知，此处应用名词solution，作宾语，且空前有冠词a，故此处应用名词单数，故填solution。
54. ________ (应用) the theory to practice can help us have a better understanding of the knowledge we have learned. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】Applying
【解析】
【详解】考查动名词。句意：将理论应用于实践可以帮助我们更好地理解所学的知识。根据汉语提示可知，空处用动词apply“应用”。分析句子结构可知，“　　　　　(应用) the theory to practice ”为句子的主语部分，需要动名词作主语。故填Applying。
55. The bridge________(正式地) opened to traffic after eight years’ construction. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】officially
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：经过八年的建设，这座桥正式通车。“正式地”表达为副词officially，作状语。故填officially。
第二节、书面表达(共25分)
56. 假定你是李华，你的书法班的英国同学Coco因为在汉语书法大赛中表现欠佳而心情沮丧。请你给她写一封信表示安慰。要点如下：
1. 表示理解；
2. 帮其分析原因；
3. 提供辅导。
参考词汇：汉语书法Chinese calligraphy
Dear Coco,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Coco,
I am sorry to hear that you didn’t perform well in the contest of Chinese calligraphy and that you are feeling discouraged.
Anyhow, as a foreigner, you have tried your best. As the proverb goes, failure is the mother of success. Facing failure, you shouldn’t feel sad and lose heart. On the contrary, you should analyze the cause of your failure. As far as I am concerned, you are not well prepared for it and you need more time to practice more. Chinese calligraphy is a time-consuming art, so what you need to do is spend more time on it.
If you want to practice, I am willing to work as a tutor to help you improve it.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给书法班的英国同学Coco写信，对其在汉语书法大赛中表现欠佳而心情沮丧表示理解，帮其分析原因并提供辅导。
【详解】1.词汇积累
比赛：contest→competition
沮丧的：discouraged→disappointed
原因：cause→reason
帮助：help→assist
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Facing failure, you shouldn’t feel sad and lose heart.
拓展句：When you are facing failure, you shouldn’t feel sad and lose heart.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Chinese calligraphy is a time-consuming art, so what you need to do is spend more time on it.（运用了what引导主语从句）
【高分句型2】If you want to practice, I am willing to work as a tutor to help you improve it.（运用了if引导条件状语从句）