2022-2023学年湖北省武汉市部分重点中学高一（上）期末英语试卷(含答案解析)

这是一份2022-2023学年湖北省武汉市部分重点中学高一（上）期末英语试卷(含答案解析)，共19页。

2022-2023学年湖北省武汉市部分重点中学高一（上）期末英语试卷

A
The Best Things to Experience in River City

String Thing
Caroline Shaw，who won the 2013 Pulitzer Prize for music，has composed many famous contemporary songs.Her lively compositions will be performed in a concert by Richmond's dynamic Rosette String Quartet as part of its So Hot Right Now series.The concert takes place on Monday，（ October 25，from 7：00 pm to 10：00 pm，at the Hofheimer Building's Dark Room.The Rosettes are Ellen Cockerham Riccio （violin），Treesa Gold （violin）， Kimberly Ryan （viola） and Steph Barrett （cello） .
Cooking and Comedy
After visiting the River City in20 l4，Alton Brown，who is the Bill Nye of the culinary （烹饪的） world and longtime host of shows including Iron Chef America and Good Eats，will return on Thursday，October 28，during his fall tour，Beyond the Eats.The show at Dominion Energy Center's Carpenter Theatre promises a mixture of cooking，comedy and audience interaction.
Opera Man
The Metropolitan Opera's production of Fire Shut up in My Bones marked a historic first as the only opera performed by African American composer Terence Blanchard on that stage earlier this year.The star of that show，Will Liverman，comes to the University of Richmond's Modlin Center at 7：30 pm on October 28.His performance will include songs by composers Shawn E.Okpebholo，H.Leslie Adams and Damien Sneed，as well as works by Schubert，Loewe，Rachmaninoff，Britten and Bolcolm.Tickets are 10 to25.
Night of the Picture Show
George Romero's 1968 classic，Night of the Living Dead，will be played at the Byrd Theatre at 6：00 pm on October 31.Make it a double feature and catch the Yes and Theatrical Co.performance and screening of The Rocky Horror Picture Show at 10：00 pm.This event features the theater company's cast accompanied by the Trunk Show Band performing the film's soundtrack live.


1. What is Caroline Shaw？ ______
A. A comedian. B. A host. C. A chef. D. A composer.
2. What can you do at Dominion Energy Center's Carpenter Theatre？ ______
A. Enjoy classic comedies from Bill Nye.
B. Interact with a host good at cooking food.
C. Listen to the live soundtrack of Good Eats.
D. Watch the show named Iron Chef America.
3. Where can you enjoy different composers' songs？ ______
A. At the Byrd Theatre.
B. At the Hofheimer Building's Dark Room.
C. At the University of Richmond's Modlin Center.
D. At Dominion Energy Center's Carpenter Theatre.
B
I met the last speaker of Naati on an empty stretch of beach on Malekula，an island in the South Pacific nation of Vanuatu.I told the man，Ariep，that I was in the country to study one of its native languages.When he learned I was a linguist，he excitedly shared that he speaks Naati.
Ariep explained the relationship between Naati and the other languages of the area.With a mix of pride and sorrow，he revealed that he is the last fluent speaker of Naati.Although a few of his family members have some knowledge of the language and make an effort to use it together，he fears that with his death，Naati will soon disappear.Naati's situation is not unique.Of the about 7000 languages spoken on the planet today，50%to 90%are considered vulnerable to extinction by the end of the century.
Languages are an invaluable source of culture.Understanding different languages is vital to understanding human cognition.A world with diverse languages benefits us all.Each language isa piece of the puzzle that we need in order to determine how language works in the mind.With each missing piece，we are further from seeing the full picture.
There are enough commonalities among language systems.In terms of sentence structure，all languages use the three basic elements：subject，object，and verb.Although these can be ordered in different ways，about 80%of known languages put the subject first，while only about1%put the object first.Analyzing these patterns has real impacts for our lives.The more we understand about how language functions，the better equipped we are to improve our therapies for communication disorders and our methods for language teaching.
However，taking into account all languages is a huge challenge.Many languages are in danger of disappearing before they have been documented，taking with them irreplaceable information about human culture.For the sake of the speakers of endangered languages，for the sake of us all，we must preserve the world's languages as we search for answers and work to ensure language diversity for generations to come.
4. What do we know about Ariep？ ______
A. He looks forward to leaving Malekula.
B. He speaks many foreign languages fluently.
C. He is worried about the disappearance of Naati.
D. He is devoted to studying endangered languages.
5. What is paragraph 3 mainly about？ ______
A. Ways to break down language barriers.
B. The significance of language diversity.
C. Reasons for the extinction of languages.
D. The impact of human cognition on languages.
6. Why does the author mention sentence structure in paragraph 4？ ______
A. To show the difficulty of learning grammar.
B. To present the functions of language systems.
C. To analyze the methods of language teaching.
D. To prove the connection among different languages.
7. What is the best title of the text？ ______
A. How Do Native Languages Develop？
B. Why Are Languages Worth Preserving？
C. How Can We Protect Endangered Languages？
D. What Makes Naati Unique in Human Language？
C
More than a third of the world's population lives in drylands，areas that experience significant water shortages.Engineers and scientists at the University of Texas at Austin have developed a unique solution to help people in these areas access clean drinking water.
They developed a low-cost gel film （凝胶膜） that can pull water from the air in even the driest climate.Combining two simple ingredients，cellulose and konjac gum，the gel is inexpensive to produce.Just one kilogram of gel can absorb up to six liters of water in a dry climate.For those living in a climate with relative humidity，one kilogram of gel can collect up to13 liters of water a day.As the gel is so inexpensive and easy to make，it may offer a way of providing drinking water to countries with water shortages.
Previously，researchers have harvested fresh water from fog and dew，but that only serves areas with high humidity.Other attempts at pulling water from desert air are typically energy-intensive and do not produce much.In fact，this gel is a vast improvement from previous water harvesting technologies.The maximum water harvested has been 5.87 liters in places with relative humidity.This new gel doubles this amount，uses no energy and is simple to operate and it can be molded into a shape or size that best suits the user.
"This new work is about practical solutions that people can use to get water in the hottest，driest places on Earth， "said Guihua Yu，professor at the Cockrell School of Engineering. "This could allow millions of people without consistent access to drinking water to have simple，water generating devices at home that they can easily operate."
"This is not something you need an advanced degree to use，" the paper's lead author，Youhong "Nancy" Guo said. "It's enough that anyone can make it at home if they have the materials." Scientists are planning on making a thicker gel that will increase the yield，making this technology a practicable solution to drought.
8. What do we know about the gel film from paragraph 2？ ______
A. It can increase the humidity of the air.
B. It can harvest drinking water from the air.
C. It has been widely applied in desert areas.
D. It costs lots of money and energy to produce.
9. What is Guihua Yu's attitude towards the new water-harvesting method？ ______
A. Indifferent. B. Skeptical. C. Unfavourable. D. Hopeful.
10. What does the underlined word straightforward in paragraph 5 mean？ ______
A. Plain. B. Obvious. C. Tough. D. Direct.
11. What will scientists intend to do next？ ______
A. Develop a thicker gel.
B. Produce the gel on a large scale.
C. Raise money for further research.
D. Teach people to make the gel at home.
D
Beautiful coral reefs （珊瑚礁） in Thai seas have been gradually worsening due to global warming that causes coral bleaching，in addition to certain human activities without proper control and environmental consciousness.Recently，researchers from Thai university Chulalongkorn have created 3 D-printed coral reefs modeled on the nature of real corals called Innovareef to accelerate the recovery of the coral reef ecosystem.
Innovareef corals are coated with calcium and phosphate nutrients that corals need to thrive and consist of flat surfaces.The reefs' holes serve as habitats and hiding places for many sea animals.Artificial reefs also make use of hydrodynamics technology to enhance their resistance to tidal forces and ensure that they stay in place.Finally，the pH （level of acidity） of the selected type of cement used for the reefs is close to that of seawater，and the design concept is that of Lego，easily assembled （组装） and disassembled blocks that are easy to transport and fix.
"The Innovareef is not too large.It's light-weighted and can be carried by anyone thus saving transportation costs.You can simply put it at any desired location in the sea and then dive down to put all the units together to complete the Innovareef.Not even five minutes afterward，fish and several ocean creatures start to come in to survey and make it their new habitat，leading to biodiversity around the Innovareef.More importantly，the research data indicates that the settlement and growth rates of planula on the Innovareef are better than those on other artificial reefs，" said Associate Professor Dr.Nantarika Chansue at Chulalongkorn University.
Innovareef is the hope for the effective recovery of natural coral reefs.Now the team is focused on adding more details to the reefs to adapt to more species so that the new structures look more like natural reefs.
12. What function is expected of the Innovareef？ ______
A. To extend the life of corals.
B. To monitor the growth of corals.
C. To help restore natural coral reefs.
D. To protect coral reefs from human destruction.
13. What do we know about the Innovareef from paragraph 2？ ______
A. It is highly resistant to heat.
B. It has low manufacturing costs.
C. It provides rich nutrients for fish.
D. It is portable and easy to assemble.
14. What are Dr.Nantarika Chansue's words mainly about？ ______
A. The advantages of the Innovareef.
B. The inspiration for the Innovareef.
C. The methods of improving ocean habitats.
D. The importance of protecting biodiversity.
15. What do the researchers probably mean by saying "adding more details"？ ______
A. Apply the Innovareef on a large scale.
B. Carry out more tests on more species.
C. Make a specific design of the Innovareef.
D. Conduct further research on natural coral reefs.
Just as weight training helps us build and strengthen the muscles of our body, practicing deep listening builds and strengthens our capacity to listen. Every day we are presented with opportunities to practice being truly present with others. Here are some tips for building your deep listening “muscle”:
Connect with yourself first. One of the best ways to build our capacity to listen deeply to others is to practice slowing down, turning our attention inward, and being present with our own experience—with our own thoughts, emotions, and bodily sensations.   (1)   
Make time. Deep listening requires our time. It may be helpful to build regular, intentional time into your schedule to truly be present with people you love. For couples, this could be a once-a-week check-in in which you give each other space to discuss what is on your mind and in your heart. For parents, the walk or drive home from school may be good opportunities to check in with your child and simply be present for whatever comes up.   (2)    The important thing is that we make time.
Minimize distractions. Many of us have become master multi-taskers, splitting our attention between multiple tasks and flicking between tabs on our screens.   (3)    Even young children can tell when adults in their lives are distracted, and research shows that parentsˈ increased distraction can take a toll on childrenˈs development. Therefore, it is important to minimize distractions during the time we devote to deep listening.
  (4)    Mindful listening is all about paying attention and noticing, and this includes noticing when tension, anxiety, or distraction arise. Often, these signal a desire to move away from being with the person and towards doing—for example, interrupting, changing the topic, or trying to “fix” the problem. When this tendency arises, simply notice it. Name it silently, and gently return to listening.
Be gentle with yourself. Many people didnˈt experience deep listening in their childhood and enter adulthood with a limited capacity for listening to and being with othersˈ emotions. We tend to fall back on the communication styles and habits that we experienced in our family of origin, even if these are unhelpful in our adult relationships.   (5)    Thankfully, deep listening does not require perfection; it requires awareness.
A．Build a routine that works for you and your loved ones, whatever that looks like.
B．Notice the urge to move away and choose to come back.
C．Deep listening is the kind of listening that can help relieve the suffering of another person.
D．Thus, for those of us who were not listened to as children, this type of listening takes practice.
E．Deep listening canˈt be just another tab open; it requires our full mind and heart to show up.
F．Notice when these old tendencies are present and appreciate that it takes time to learn to communicate differently.
G．In other words, by listening deeply to ourselves and connecting with our own experience, it becomes easier to do so for others.

16.  A.  A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17.  A.  A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18.  A.  A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19.  A.  A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20.  A.  A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
I was so excited when Mrs.Burks announced we were going to the skating rink （溜冰场）.I'd never been roller-skating and really wanted to learn how to skate.
When we got there，everyone (21) inside.Some of us rented our skates and soon began lacing （系好鞋带） them up.Then，everyone but me (22) away from the wall and started skating. (23) onto the handrail，I pulled myself along the side as I tried moving my legs back and forth.After a few failed (24) Mrs.Burks skated over to me.
"When you start to (25)，relax.If you struggle to keep from falling，you'll be more (26) to hurt yourself， "said Mrs.Burks.
Mrs.Burks (27) for one of my hands.I took a deep breath and (28) her warm hand.As we moved away from the wall，she called out， "Take a deep(29).Move your foot forward at an angle and then do the (30) thing with the other foot. "I tried to follow her (31) in everyway. "That's good!You're moving your feet like you should.But remember to relax when you start to go down.Let's try again，" Mrs.Burks said.
So I did.When I lost my balance，I (32) crumpled to the floor.Mrs.Burks was right!It didn't (33) as much.I was able to get up faster and try again.
Later I began to see how Mrs.Burks' instructions worked for other (34).As long as I kept trying to do my best，I could learn something even when I (35).I could get back up，try again，and understand it's all right to fall.
21.  A. played B. laughed C. rushed D. wandered
22.  A. escaped B. flew C. jumped D. rolled
23.  A. Holding B. Sitting C. Standing D. Lying
24.  A. trips B. tries C. performances D. shows
25.  A. smile B. fall C. learn D. rest
26.  A. nervous B. serious C. likely D. annoyed
27.  A. turned B. stopped C. struggled D. reached
28.  A. grabbed B. touched C. ignored D. expected
29.  A. balance B. brain C. courage D. breath
30.  A. opposite B. interesting C. same D. dangerous
31.  A. examples B. instructions C. footsteps D. passions
32.  A. happily B. safely C. immediately D. violently
33.  A. defeat B. impress C. bother D. hurt
34.  A. sports B. skates C. challenges D. chances
35.  A. failed B. quit C. cried D. dropped
36. Economic development is necessary if we want to improve society.There comes a time （1）______the old must give way to the new，and it is not possible （2）______（ preserve） everything from our past as we move towards the future.Finding and keeping the right balance between progress and the protection of cultural sites can be a big challenge.
Big challenges，（ 3）______can sometimes lead to great solutions.In the 1950s，the Egyptian government wanted to build a new dam across the Nile.
But the new （4）______（propose） led to protests.Water from the dam would likely damage a number of temples and destroy cultural relics.After listening to the scientists who （5）______（study） the problem，the government turned to the United Nations ______（ 6）help in 1959.
A committee ______（ 7）（establish） to limit damage to the Egyptian buildings and prevent the loss of cultural relics.The group asked for contributions from different departments and raised funds within the international community.After experts investigated the issue， ______（ 8）（conduct） several tests，they made a suggestion for how the buildings could be saved.Finally，a document was signed，and the work began in 1960.
When the project ended in 1980，it was considered ______（ 9）great success.The spirit of the Aswan Dam project is still alive today.Perhaps the best example is shown by UNESCO， ______（ 10）runs a programme that prevents world cultural heritage sites around the world from disappearing.
37. 假设你是李梅，你的好朋友苏珊前不久随父母去了美国，她写信告诉你她很不适应美国的校园生活，感到很孤独。请你根据以下要点用英语给她写一封电子邮件。
1.学好英语，从而增加和别人交流的机会；
2.多交一些朋友，友情会使她忘记孤独；
3.积极参加各种活动，使自己的生活更加有趣。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
38. It's Best To Just Be Yourself There is nothing like being young and eager to meet a pretty girl.I was sixteen when it first happened.Her name was Mary；she was one grade ahead and the most beautiful girl in the entire school.I was smaller than the rest of the guys my age but had many friends.I would walk by her locker （储物柜），act cool and do just about anything to gain her attention.
Nothing worked.
I often pondered to myself，How would such a beautiful and amazing girl ever fall for a guy like me？I constantly thought that if I were a "cool guy，" she would eventually have to notice.Once，I "accidentally" dropped my letter jacket by her feet，just so she would note my varsity （校队） pins一and me.
She only laughed.
Then，at a weekend gathering one evening，she was there with all of her frightening friends.I decided that this had to be it；I couldn't live with myself one second more without at least trying to talk to her.I checked my ego at the door and decided to be myself.She was alone outside for one moment，and all I can remember is that she was so incredibly beautiful it made me dizzy.I walked up to her and said， "Hi，I'm Mark.You seem really nice；can we talk？ "My belly rolled with butterflies while my head rushed with anxiety.
Time stood still for a moment.
She replied， "I know who you are；you're different when your friends aren't around. "And then she smiled and said， "I'm walking up the street to meet a friend.Would you like to go？ "I could hardly breathe：How could this beautiful girl ever talk to a guy like me？Needless to say，we walked and talked，and she was everything I thought she would ever be.We giggled about the world and how stupid our friends and we were.

注意：
（1）续写词数应为150字左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Then，to my amazement，she gave me her phone number._____________
We two close friends later went on to separate world-class colleges and feelings between us faded._____________
答案和解析

1~3.【答案】D、B、C
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据String Thing部分Caroline Shaw，who won the 2013 Pulitzer Prize for music，has composed many famous contemporary songs.Her lively compositions will be performed…（获得2013年普利策音乐奖的卡罗琳•肖创作了许多著名的当代歌曲。将演奏她的生动作品……）可推断，Caroline Shaw是一位作曲家。故选D。
（2）细节理解题。根据Cooking and Comedy部分The show at Dominion Energy Center's Carpenter Theatre promises a mixture of cooking，comedy and audience interaction.（这场在多米尼恩能源中心的卡朋特剧院举行的演出，将烹饪、喜剧和观众互动融为一体）可知，你可以在Dominion Energy Center's Carpenter Theatre与擅长厨艺的主持人互动。故选B。
（3）细节理解题。根据 Opera Man部分The star of that show，Will Liverman，comes to the University of Richmond's Modlin Center at 7：30 pm on October 28.His performance will include songs by composers Shawn E.Okpebholo，H.Leslie Adams and Damien Sneed，as well as works by Schubert，Loewe，Rachmaninoff，Britten and Bolcolm.（这场展览的明星，威尔•利弗曼，将于 10月28日晚上7点30分来到里士满大学的莫德林中心。他将演奏肖恩•E•奥克佩波霍罗（Shawn E.Okpebholo）、H•莱斯利•亚当斯（H.Leslie Adams）、达米恩•斯尼德（Damien Sneed）等作曲家的歌曲，以及舒伯特、罗伊（Loewe）、拉赫玛尼诺夫（Rachmaninoff）、布里顿（Britten）、博尔科尔姆（Bolcolm）等人的作品）可知，你可以在the University of Richmond's Modlin Center欣赏到不同作曲家的歌曲。故选C。
这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四项活动的时间、地点及内容等。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。

4~7.【答案】C、B、D、B
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第二段中的With a mix of pride and sorrow，he revealed that he is the last fluent speaker of Naati.Although a few of his family members have some knowledge of the language and make an effort to use it together，he fears that with his death，Naati will soon disappear.（带着骄傲和悲伤的混合，他透露他是最后一位流利说Naati语的。尽管他的一些家庭成员对这种语言有所了解，并努力一起使用它，但他担心随着他的去世，Naati很快就会消失。）可知，Ariep对自己是能够流利地说Naati语的人又自豪又伤感，还担心自己去世后，Naati语会灭绝。由此推知，Ariep很担心Naati语会消失。故选C。
（2）段落大意题。根据第三段中的Languages are an invaluable source of culture.Understanding different languages is vital to understanding human cognition.A world with diverse languages benefits us all.（语言是文化的宝贵来源。理解不同的语言对于理解人类认知至关重要。一个拥有多种语言的世界对我们所有人都有好处。）并结合下文讲述的内容可知本段主要讲述的是语言多样化的意义。故选 B。
（3）推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的There are enough commonalities among language systems.In terms of sentence structure，all languages use the three basic elements：subject，object，and verb.（语言系统之间有足够的共性。在句子结构方面，所有语言都使用三个基本元素：主语、宾语和动词。）可知，提到句子结构是为了证明不同的语言体系有很多共性。故选D。
（4）标题归纳题。根据最后一段中的For the sake of the speakers of endangered languages，for the sake of us all，we must preserve the world's languages as we search for answers and work to ensure language diversity for generations to come.（为了濒危语言的使用者，为了我们所有人，我们必须保护世界语言，因为我们在寻找答案并努力确保子孙后代的语言多样性。）并结合上文中讲述的语言多样化的重要性可知，既然语言多样化意义重大，保护世界语言有益于世人，所以我们要保护语言。由此判断B项Why Are Languages Worth Preserving？（为什么语言值得保护？）可以作为本文标题。故选B。
本文是一篇说明文。作为一名语言学家的作者与最后一个能够流利说Naati语的人的偶遇经历，引出了本文讲述的主要话题：当今世界上的语言有50%到90%的语言处于灭绝的危险中，同时还阐述了语言多样化的重要性以及语言灭绝对世界文化的影响。
考查说明文。做题时要通读全文，把握大意，然后结合题干及选项做出正确的选择。

8~11.【答案】B、D、A、A
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段中的They developed a low-cost gel film （凝胶膜） that can pull water from the air in even the driest climate.（他们开发了一种低成本的凝胶膜，即使在最干燥的气候下也能从空气中吸收水分。）以及Just one kilogram of gel can absorb up to six liters of water in a dry climate.（在干燥的气候下，仅一公斤的凝胶就能吸收多达六升水。）可知，这种凝胶膜可以吸收空气中的水分。故选B。
（2）观点态度题。根据第四段指代"This new work is about practical solutions that people can use to get water in the hottest，driest places on Earth，" said Guihua Yu，professor at the Cockrell School of Engineering. "This could allow millions of people without consistent access to drinking water to have simple，water generating devices at home that they can easily operate."（科克雷尔工程学院的余桂华教授说："这项新工作是关于人们可以在地球上最热、最干燥的地方获取水的实用解决方案。这可能会让数百万无法持续获得饮用水的人在家里拥有简单的、容易操作的制水设备。"）可知，余桂华认为这是一种实用的解决方案，人们可以用它在地球上最热、最干燥的地方取水。因此他对这种新的设备是非常赞赏和推崇的，对它的应用充满希望。故选D。
（3）词句猜测题。根据划线单词后面的anyone can make it at home if they have the materials.（只要有材料，任何人都可以在家里做。）可知，这是只要有材料，任何人都可以在家里做的事，所以是简单的，可推知straightforward意为"简单的"之意，结合选项A.Plain简单的，普通的；B.Obvious明显的；C.Tough艰难的；D.Direct直接的。故选A。
（4）细节理解题。根据最后一段指代Scientists are planning on making a thicker gel that will increase the yield，making this technology a practicable solution to drought.（科学家们正计划制造一种更厚的凝胶来增加产量，使这项技术成为解决干旱的可行方法。）可知，科学家们正计划制作一种更厚的凝胶。故选A。
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了得克萨斯大学奥斯汀分校的科学家开发了一种低成本凝胶膜，可以帮助干旱地区的人们从空气中获得清洁的饮用水。
考查说明文。做题时要通读全文，把握大意，然后结合题干及选项做出正确的选择。

12~15.【答案】C、D、A、C
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段中的Recently，researchers from Thai university Chulalongkom have created 3 D-printed coral reefs modeled on the nature of real corals called Innovareef to accelerate the recovery of the coral reef ecosystem.（最近，泰国朱拉隆科大学的研究人员以真实珊瑚的本质为模型，创建了 3 D打印的珊瑚礁，称为Innovareef，以加速珊瑚礁生态系统的恢复。）可知，科学家打印3 D珊瑚礁Innovareef的目的是帮助恢复天然珊瑚礁。故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据第二段中的Finally，the PH （level of acidity） of the selected type of cement used for the reefs is close to that of seawater，and the design concept is that of Lego，easily assembled （组装） and disassembled blocks that are easy to transport and fix.（最后，选择用于礁石的水泥类型的 PH值（酸度水平）接近海水，设计理念是乐高，易于组装和拆卸的积木，便于运输和固定。）可知，Innovareef携带方便，易于组装。故选D。
（3）推理判断题。根据第三段The Innovareef is not too large.It's light-weighted and can be carried by anyone thus saving transportation costs.You can simply put it at any desired location in the sea and then dive down to put all the units together to complete the Innovareef.Not even five minutes afterward，fish and several ocean creatures start to come in to survey and make it their new habitat，leading to biodiversity around the Innovareef.More importantly，the research data indicates that the settlement and growth rates of planula on the Innovareef are better than those on other artificial reefs，（ Innovareef并不太大。它很轻，任何人都可以携带，从而节省了运输成本。你可以简单地把它放在海中的任何想要的位置，然后潜到水下，把所有的装置放在一起，就完成了Innovareef。不到五分钟后，鱼类和其他海洋生物就开始来考察，并将其作为新的栖息地，从而形成了Innovareef周围的生物多样性。更重要的是，研究数据表明，浮虱在Innovareef上的沉降和生长速度比其他人工礁要好。）可知，Nantarika Chansue博士的话是想要告诉我们Innovareef的优点。故选A。
（4）词句猜测题。根据最后一段中的the new structures look more like natural reefs.（使新的结构看起来更像天然的珊瑚礁。）可知，研究人员说"增加更多细节"可能是对Innovareef进行了具体设计，让它看起来更像天然的珊瑚礁。故选C。
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家打印3 D珊瑚礁Innovareef来帮助恢复天然珊瑚礁。
考查说明文。做题时要通读全文，把握大意，然后结合题干及选项做出正确的选择。

16~20.【答案】G、A、E、B、F
【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了一些倾听技巧。

1. 根据前文One of the best ways to build our capacity to listen deeply toothers is to practice slowing down, turning our attention inward, and being present with our own experience—with our own thoughts, emotions, and bodily sensations.(培养我们深入倾听他人的能力的最好方法之一是练习慢下来，把我们的注意力转向内部，专注于我们自己的经历——我们自己的思想、情绪和身体的感觉)”可知此处是在说，学会倾听他人，要先学会倾听自己，所以G项In other words, by listening deeply to ourselves and connecting with our own experience, it becomes easier to do so for others.(换言之，通过深入倾听自己并与自己的经历联系起来，相对于对他人做同样的事来说，会更容易)是对前一句的进一步解释说明，符合文意。


2. 
根据前文It may be helpful to build regular, intentional time into your schedule to truly be present with people you love.(在你的时间表中安排有规律的、特意的时间来真正与你爱的人在一起可能会很有帮助)可知，本段主要说腾出时间和你爱的人在一起，所以A项Build a routine that works for you and your loved ones, whatever that looks like.(建立一个适合你和你爱的人的日常生活，无论是什么样子)是对前文的总结，符合文意。
3. 根据前文Minimize distractions. Many of us have become master multi-taskers, splitting our attention between multiple tasks and flicking between tabs on our screens.(减少干扰。我们中的许多人已经成为一心多用的高手，在多个任务之间分散注意力，在屏幕上切换标签)以及后文Even young children can tell when adults in their lives are distracted, and research shows that parents’ increased distraction can take a toll on children’s development.(即使是年幼的孩子也能分辨出他们生活中的成年人什么时候分心了，研究表明，父母越来越多的分心会对孩子的发展造成损害)可知，本段是在讲，在倾听他人说话时，应该全身心的投入，不要做别的事分心，所以E项Deep listening can’t be just another tab open; it requires our full mind and heart to show up.(深度倾听不能只是打开另一个标签；它需要我们全身心的投入)是这两句的过渡句，符合文意。

4. 
分析设空可知，位于段首，是本段的主题句，所以根据后文Mindful listening is all about paying attention and noticing, and this includes noticing when tension, anxiety, or distraction arise.... When this tendency arises, simply notice it. Name it silently, and gently return to listening.(用心倾听就是关注和注意，这包括注意紧张、焦虑或分心的时候。通常，这些信号表明，人们渴望远离与他人在一起，转而做一些事情，例如，打断、改变话题或试图“解决”问题。当这种倾向出现时，只需注意它。默默地说出它的名字，然后轻轻地回到倾听)可知，本段是在说，倾听他人时，我们有时不想听了，想要离开，要注意这种冲动，并最终回到倾听中去，所以B项Notice the urge to move away and choose to come back.(注意想要离开的冲动，并选择回来)符合文意。
5. 
根据前文Many people didn’t experience deep listening in their childhood ... that we experienced in our family of origin, even if these are unhelpful in our adult relationships.(许多人在童年时没有经历过深入倾听，进入成年后，他们倾听和处理他人情感的能力有限。我们倾向于回到我们在原生家庭中经历过的沟通方式和习惯，即使这些对我们成年后的关系没有帮助)可知，本段主要在讲述如何处理过去的经历对自己倾听能力的影响，F项“Notice when these old tendencies are present and appreciate that it takes time to learn to communicate differently.(当这些旧的倾向出现时，请注意并意识到学习以不同的方式交流需要时间)”是在说如何处理的方法，符合文意。


21~35.【答案】C、D、A、B、B、C、D、A、D、C、B、B、D、C、A
【解析】（1）考查动词及语境理解。A.played玩耍，弹奏；B.laughed大笑；C.rushed快速行进，冲；D.wandered漫步，闲逛。句意：当我们到达那里时，所有人都冲了进去。故选C项。
（2）考查动词及语境理解。A.escaped逃跑；B.flew飞走；C.jumped挑；D.rolled （away） 滑走，滚开。句意：然后，除了我之外，所有人都从墙边滑走了，开始滑冰。根据前文roller-skating，可知其他人穿着旱冰鞋滑走了。故选D项。
（3）考查动词及语境理解。A.Holding抓，握；B.Sitting坐；C.Standing站；D.Lying趟。句意：抓住扶手，我试着前后移动我的腿，（沿着扶手）慢慢把自己往前拉。故选A。
（4）考查名词及语境理解。A.trips旅行；B.tries尝试，努力；C.performances 表演；D.shows节目。句意：几次尝试失败后，Mrs.Burks滑向我。根据后文failed 可知我前几次尝试滑冰都失败了。故选B项。
（5）考查动词及语境理解。A.smile微笑；B.fall跌倒；C.learn学习；D.rest休息。句意：当你开始跌倒时，放松。根据后文" If you struggle to keep from falling，you'll be more likely to hurt yourself. "可知Mrs.Burks教我快跌倒时要放松。故选B项。
（6）考查形容词及语境理解。A.nervous紧张的；B.serious严肃的，认真的；C.likely可能的；D.annoyed生气的。句意：如果你挣扎着不跌倒，你会更有可能伤到自己。根据前文"When you start to fall，relax."可知如果挣扎着不摔倒就会更有可能受伤。故选C项。
（7）考查动词及语境理解。A.turned 转变；B.stopped 停止；C.struggled挣扎；D.reached伸手够，拿。句意：Mrs.Burks向我的一只手伸过手来。根据后文"I took a deep breath and grabbed her warm hand."可知Mrs.Burks向我伸出手来了。故选D项。
（8）考查动词及语境理解。A.grabbed 抓住；B.touched触摸，感动；C.ignored 忽视；D.expected 期待。句意：我深吸一口气，抓住她温暖的手。根据前文"Mrs.Burks reached for one of my hands."可知我抓住了她的手。故选A项。
（9）考查名词及语境理解。A.balance平衡；B.brain大脑；C.courage勇气；D.breath呼吸。句意：深呼吸。根据前文"I took a deep breath and         her warm hand."可知是"深呼吸"。故选D项。
（10）考查形容词及语境理解。A.opposite对面的，相反的；B.interesting有趣的；C.same同样的；D.dangerous危险的。句意：以一个角度，把你的脚向前移动，然后用另一只脚做同样的事。根据前文Get your balance."Mrs.Burks可知我的两只脚要以相同的角度向前移动。故选C项。
（11）考查名词及语境理解。A.example例子，榜样；B.instructions指导，说明；C.footsteps脚印；D.passions激情。句意：我尽力按照她的指示去做。根据后文"That's good!You're moving your feet like you should. "可知我是按照Mrs.Burks的指令做动作，学习滑冰。故选B项。
（12）考查副词及语境理解。A.happily 高兴地；B.safely安全地，无伤害地；C.immediately 立即；D.violently 暴力地。句意：当我开始失去平衡时，我安全地倒在地板上。根据后文"I was able to get up faster and try again."可知我倒在地板上时是安全的，没有受伤的。故选B项。
（13）考查动词及语境理解。A.defeat打败；B.impress留下印象；C.bother打扰，麻烦；D.hurt感到疼痛，受伤。句意：Mrs.Burks说得对!没那么疼。根据上文" I safely crumpled to the floor."可知不是很疼。故选D项。

（14）考查名词及语境理解。A.sports 运动；B.skates溜冰鞋，冰刀，滑板车；C.challenges挑战；D.chances机会。句意：后来，我开始明白Mrs.Burks的指导对其他挑战是如何起作用的。根据后文"I could get back up，try again，and trust God would be there to help me."可知此处是指生活中遇到其他挑战时，她的指导同样奏效。故选C项。
（15）考查动词及语境理解。A.failed失败；B.quit停止，离任；C.cried 哭泣；D.dropped （让某物）落下。句意：只要我一直努力做到最好，即使失败了我也能学到一些东西。根据前文"After a few failed attempts，Mrs.Burks skated over to me."可知即使失败，我也能学到一些道理，与前文呼应。故选A。
这是一篇记叙文。"我"第一次学习滑旱冰的经历，让"我"明白即使失败，也能从中学得到一些道理。
近几年高考试题中的完形填空有新的变化，试题所涉及的知识面不断拓宽，综合难度不断提高。做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅，用词得当，意思正确。

36.【答案】when
【解析】（1）考查定语从句。句意：总有一个时候，旧的必须让位于新的，在我们走向未来的时候，不可能保留过去的一切。设空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a time，关系词在从句中做时间状语，故填when。
（2）考查动词不定式。句意：总有一个时候，旧的必须让位于新的，在我们走向未来的时候，不可能保留过去的一切。本句中的it为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式，故填to preserve。
（3）考查副词。句意：然而，巨大的挑战有时可以带来伟大的解决方案。设空处修饰整个句子，用副词作状语，表转折，故填however。
（4）考查可数名词的单数。句意：但这项新提议引发了抗议。设空处为主语，应用名词形式，前面有定冠词，所以用名词单数特指，故填proposal。
（5）考查动词时态。句意：在听取了研究这一问题的科学家的意见后，政府于1959年向联合国寻求帮助。设空处为从句谓语，根据主句的时态，可知发生在过去的过去，对过去造成的影响并且这影响也有可能持续下去，所以用过去完成时和过去完成进行时都可以，故填had studied/had been studying。
（6）考查固定短语。句意：在听取了研究这一问题的科学家的意见后，政府于1959年向联合国寻求帮助。短语turn to sb.for help，意为"求某人帮助"，符合句意，故填for。
（7）考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：成立了一个委员会，以限制对埃及建筑的破坏，防止文物的损失。设空处为谓语，描述过去的事情，用一般过去时，主语和谓语之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，主语A committee，谓语第三人称单数，故填was established。
（8）考查现在分词。句意：专家们调查了这个问题，进行了几次测试后，就如何拯救这些建筑提出了建议。分析可知，设空处为非谓语动词，和主语之间是主动关系，应用现在分词作状语，故填conducting。
（9）考查冠词。句意：当这个项目在1980年结束时，它被认为是一个巨大的成功。设空处修饰名词success，本句中为抽象名词具体化，需用冠词泛指，great以辅音音素开头，故填a。
（10）考查非限制性定语从句。句意：也许最好的例子是联合国教科文组织，该组织开展了一项防止世界各地世界文化遗产消失的计划。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词UNESCO，关系代词在从句中作主语，故填which。
这是一篇说明文。文章举例说明了在改善社会，发展经济的过程中，旧事物必须让位于新事物。
做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识。

37.【答案】Dear Susan，
I'm sorry to hear that you are having trouble adapting to your new school life in America，but this situation can be easily changed if you take my advice.（提供建议）
Firstly，you should work hard at English，which can give you more chances to communicate with others.【高分句型一】（学好英语，从而增加和别人交流的机会）Secondly，why not make some friends？They can help you to know more about America，and friendship can help you to forget your loneliness.（多交一些朋友，友情会使她忘记孤独）Thirdly，it would be a good idea if you took an active part in all kinds of activities，which will help to make life more interesting.【高分句型二】By doing these，you will be happier with your new life soon.（积极参加各种活动，使自己的生活更加有趣）
I hope you will find these ideas useful.（希望）
Yours，
Li Mei
【解析】高分句型一：Firstly，you should work hard at English，which can give you more chances to communicate with others.
译文：首先，你应该努力学习英语，这样可以给你更多的机会与他人交流。
分析：这句话使用了which引导的非限制性定语从句。
高分句型二：Thirdly，it would be a good idea if you took an active part in all kinds of activities，which will help to make life more interesting.
译文：第三，如果你积极参加各种活动，这将是一个好主意，这将有助于使生活更加有趣。
分析：这句话使用了which引导非限制性定语从句。
这是一篇提纲类作文，需要写的内容已经给出，但是写作时不要仅仅对要点进行生硬的翻译，而是要添加些内容，使文章看起来更充实，要组成一篇通顺连贯的短文，一定要谈谈自己的看法。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。同时注意要求的字数，不要太多也不要太少。

38.【答案】Then，to my amazement，she gave me her phone number：That night，I picked up my courage to call her and we talked happily for hours over the phone.And before hanging up，Mary revealed that it was stupid of me to do something deliberately to draw her attention.I would never forget her words that she didn't care about how much a guy could show himself off，but only cherished whoever knew what he really wanted to be.Surprisingly，Mary and I quickly got familiar，resulting in our close friendship.【高分句型一】（玛丽给了我她的电话号码，我们经常聊天，成为朋友）
We two close friends later went on to separate world-class colleges and feelings between us faded.Six years later we met again，quite accidentally，as representatives taking part in a conference.She was the same beautiful girl，but more confident and independent，stunning in a black suit.We had a pleasant chat just like before，during which she spoke highly of me，feeling me more mature and determined.【高分句型二】I told her one important thing that I learned from her，that is，if you try to act like somebody you're not，any love or approval you gain won't mean anything.It's best to just be yourself.（作者和玛丽再次见面的情形，和作者的感悟）
【解析】本文为记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者爱慕学校的一名女孩，为了吸引她的的注意，作者决定扮酷，但是并没有效果，一次周末聚会上，作者决定做自己，反而引起了她的注意，后来作者和女孩成为朋友，作者从她身上学到做你自己是最好的。
高分句型一：Surprisingly，Mary and I quickly got familiar，resulting in our close friendship.
译文：令人惊讶的是，玛丽和我很快就熟悉了，从而形成了亲密的友谊。
分析：这句话使用了现在分词短语resulting in our close friendship作状语。
高分句型二：We had a pleasant chat just like before，during which she spoke highly of me，feeling me more mature and determined.
译文：我们像以前一样愉快地聊天，期间她对我评价很高，感觉我更加成熟和坚定。
分析：这句话使用了during which引导的非限制性定语从句，现在分词短语feeling me more mature and determined作状语。
解题方法点拨
（1）品读原文。确定文章线索
      每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索。如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等这样有利于考生"顺藤摸瓜（结尾）"。
      （2）仔细审题，明确续写要求
      一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此类短文续写的具体要求，如词数限制使用几处标有下划线的关键词语。续写段落的首句提示，这样考生可以做到"心中有数"。
      （3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路
      根据文章后面的要求，再次快速阅读短文，抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确定续写段落的思路。同时结合文章画线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。
      （4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句
      在确定了思路和内容之后。最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中画线的关键词拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。