2022-2023学年山东省烟台一中高一（上）期末英语试卷(含答案解析)

这是一份2022-2023学年山东省烟台一中高一（上）期末英语试卷(含答案解析)，共18页。

2022-2023学年山东省烟台一中高一（上）期末英语试卷

A
Over the years，I bought countless pairs of shoes that brightened my mood，picked out dresses that improved my figure，and turned over my credit card for lots of cosmetics （化妆品） that I had hoped would make me look fresher and happier.But all those things failed to bring relief to my pain inside.
But one afternoon in October 2021，I walked out of one store with something more valuable than anything money could buy.I found hope in the unlikeliest place after months of hopelessness，thanks to a woman who decided to start a conversation with me in the store's café.
It had been a painful time for me.Married a little over four years，I had suffered five heartbreaking miscarriages （流产） and，at 42，was slowly accepting the cruel idea that I might never be able to have a child.
On that fateful day，a smartly dressed，slightly older woman seated beside me offered to share the photos and stories of her adopted daughter to break the silence in the half-empty café.Her girl was about seven years old.
"She's pretty，" I said. "But what made you decide to adopt her？" I asked，uncertain whether I had stepped into an area which seemed too personal. "I don't want work to be my whole life，" she said.I wasn't sure whether she saw the tears welling up in my eyes as I replied， "I don't either，but I'm afraid it's too late!" "I was 51 when I adopted Melanie，" she said， "And it's the most rewarding and exciting thing I've ever done."
When our checks came，she handed me her business card，and I finally learned her name — and in that minute，I saw a happier and more satisfied myself，a reborn "mother-to-be".
1. What did the older woman intend to do when talking with the author？ ______
A. Advise the author to forget her pain.
B. Share her feelings of being an adoptive mother.
C. Show off her beautiful daughter to the author.
D. Advertise the benefits of adopting a Chinese girl.
2. Which of the following best describes the older woman？ ______
A. Inspiring. B. Patient. C. Outgoing. D. Responsible.
3. Why did the author see a happier self after the encounter？ ______
A. She could adopt children because she was still young.
B. The older woman set an example as a good mother.
C. She realized life was more important than work.
D. Her hope of owning a child was built up again.
B
    The letter arrived as I was dressing for dinner in my room on the evening of 23rd September 1902.
    London was deserted at that time of the summer, and I had become very bored and depressed with my daily routine of work at the Foreign Office. All my friends were away enjoying themselves at country house parties, but here was I who was forced to remain in London because of my job.
    I had encouraged my friends to believe that the Foreign Office could not manage without me during the summer, but the truth was that my work was neither interesting nor important, mainly taking messages for absent officials, whose holiday plans had destroyed mine.
    Although my friends had sent me letters to show pity, it was clear that I had not been greatly missed, and now, at the end of September, I realized another bitter truth. Two more days, and I would be free to start my holiday, but I had nowhere to go! The country house parties were all breaking up, and though I could always go home, which fashionable young man wants to spend his holiday with his own family?
    So, when a letter, with a German stamp, arrived that evening, I felt a touch of interest, even excitement. I opened it and read:
Dear Carruthers,
    You will probably be surprised to hear from me, as it's a long time since we met. But I write in the hope that you might like to come here and join me in a little sailing and perhaps, duck shooting. This part of the Baltic is very beautiful and there should be plenty of ducks soon, if it gets cold enough. The friend who was with me has had to leave, and I really need someone else, as I'd like to stay out here for a while. I know you speak German perfectly, and that will be a great help.
    Yours ever,
    Arthur Davies
    His letter seemed rather unpromising. His friend had left him—why? The Baltic was beautiful—yes, but what about October storms? Did I really want to spend my holiday freezing in the Baltic, with a man who I didn't know well? The letter was a turning point in my life, though I did not know it at the time.
4. How did the writer feel about his coming holiday?
A. Depressed. B. Delighted. C. Interested. D. Hopeful.
5. What did Arthur Davies ask the writer to do in the letter?
A. Sail in the Baltic Sea. B. Take care of his work.
C. Help him with German. D. Join him in duck watching.
6. Which of the following statements is true?
A. The letter arrived when the writer was having dinner.
B. The writer accepted the invitation without any hesitation.
C. The letter was to make a great difference to the writer's life.
D. The writer felt honored to take messages for absent officials.
7. The underlined word "unpromising" in the last paragraph can be replaced by ______.
A. pleasant B. uninteresting C. amusing D. doubtful
C
Have you ever wondered what happens to all of the old objects launched into space，such as rockets and satellites？It's called space junk，and much of it is still out there now.According to NASA，the definition of space junk is "any man-made object in orbit （轨道） around Earth that no longer serves a useful function".
One large piece of space junk，a disused rocket，hit the dark side of the moon on March 4.The rocket's origin is not clear，but scientists know that it was massive – weighing about 3 tons.It must have left a large crater （坑），estimated 10 to 20 meters wide，on the moon's surface.It won't be visible right away，but scientists are trying to locate it. "We will find the crater，eventually，" Mark Robinson，lead investigator for NASA Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Camera，told USA TODAY. "Depending on its location， could take as long as 28 days."
What's significant about this space junk crash is that it draws attention to some of the potential dangers of space junk.First，the accumulation of space junk in Earth's orbit means that satellites and the International Space Station （ISS） are at risk.In 2016，tiny space debris （残骸），smaller than a millimeter，caused a tiny chip in the ISS' window.Imagine the damage that a larger piece of debris could cause.The European Space Agency website states that objects "up to 1 cm in size could disable an instrument or a critical flight system on a satellite" while objects over 10 cm "could shatter a satellite or spacecraft into pieces".If this sounds terrifying，that's because it is.Any collision with larger pieces of debris could be especially dangerous for manned spacecraft.
In addition to potential damage to spacecraft and satellites，space junk also poses a threat to the Earth itself.Crashes can send debris into the atmosphere where it can remain for many decades.Some powerful collisions can even send large debris hurtling （猛冲） toward Earth's surface where it can affect the local environment.Leftover rocket debris can contain toxic materials that are harmful to plant and animal life.Some people in Siberia have even reported serious health problems after rocket debris landed in their regions in 2012，a local doctor told the BBC．
8. Which of the following can be regarded as space junk？ ______
A. An abandoned space station.
B. A spacecraft orbiting the moon.
C. A crater on the moon's surface.
D. A satellite working in low Earth orbit.
9. What does the underlined word "it" refer to in paragraph 2？ ______
A. Tracking the rocket. B. Locating the crater.
C. Cleaning up the space junk. D. Finding out the rocket's origin.
10. Why does the author mention the damage caused by tiny space debris in 2016？ ______
A. To compare the effects of debris of different sizes.
B. To prove the space debris problem is getting worse.
C. To illustrate the potential dangers of space junk.
D. To explain the necessity of removing space junk.
11. What can be inferred about space junk from the last paragraph？ ______
A. It's likely to cause a global environmental crisis.
B. It can pose a lasting threat if it remains in the atmosphere.
C. It's impossible to stop it from entering the atmosphere.
D. The toxic materials contained in space junk are the biggest threat it poses.
D
Experts often tell students to center their efforts on a narrow field to get a job after school.But recent research into Nobel Prize winners suggests that wider interests are important.
One of the winners of this year's Nobel Prize in Chemistry was 68-year-old Danish scientist Meldal.When describing his career，Meldal said he started as an engineer but changed to chemistry because he wanted to understand the world.
In a discussion with the Nobel Prize organization，he talked about his co-winner，Carolyn Bertozzi of Stanford University.He said "She has such broad knowledge of both chemistry and biology and she knows how to use her knowledge in a clever way."
Meldal's experience and the way he sees things may come as a surprise to students.They might believe they have to center their work and school lives in one field to be successful.But a study from professors shows that is not always the case.They said that a large number of Nobel Prize winners can be described as "polymaths"，people who have many different interests in both their work and personal lives.This permits scientists to look for creative ways to solve problems.In fact，one important part of science is not discovering answers，but recognizing problems that need to be solved.
The researchers say that Nobel winners are nine times more likely to have experience in working with wood，metal or in the arts than most scientists.They pointed to a 2012 report about students who study two majors（专业）in college.Double majors are often more creative and more interested in starting their own businesses.Other researchers have found that having an outside activity like playing chess，performing music or creating art can help predict future success in a job.
12. What do experts often advise their students to do？ ______
A. Devote their time and effort to their related field.
B. Develop a wide interest besides their majors.
C. Pay attention to hot topics in their research field.
D. Keep a good balance between their work and life.
13. What is "polymath"？ ______
A. A person ready to do research and learn art.
B. A person with creative ways to solve problems.
C. A person with college degrees in different majors.
D. A person with different interests in their work and personal lives.
14. What can be said about double majors？ ______
A. They like to create material things.
B. They can recognize problems fast.
C. They can work more creatively.
D. They are successful businessmen.
15. Which of the following can be the best title for the text？ ______
A. Double Majors Are Business Bosses.
B. Wide Interests Count for Nobel Prize Winners.
C. Studying a Major Isn't Enough to Win a Prize.
D. Creative Thinkers Are Preferred For Getting Prizes.
Flu（流感）can be very dangerous although in most people the illness may last only a week or two． Getting a flu vaccine（疫苗）every year is the best way to prevent getting the flu． (1)
Recognize flu symptoms（症状）．Before you can effectively treat the flu， make sure that' s what you actually have． (2) Common symptoms of flu include serious cough， sore throat， fever above 100F， headaches， weakness and so on while symptoms of the common cold usually include mild cough， low-grade or no fever as well as slight aches．
(3) In some extreme cases， the flu can cause symptoms severe enough to require hospitalization． You need to see a doctor immediately if you are experiencing the following symptoms： shortness of breath or difficulty breathing； chest pain or pressure； blueish skin or purplish lips； evere headache or neck pain．
Get some rest． Sometimes it's possible to keep working or going to school with a cold， but when you have the flu， it's important to rest． (4) Since the flu may spread by contact， staying home is as considerate as it is necessary for your recovery．
Take vitamin C． Vitamin C is essential for health． Studies suggest that a proper amount of vitamin C can help remove cold and flu symptoms． Take 1000mg per hour for the first six hours as soon as symptoms appear． Then take 1000mg three times daily． (5) Though it rarely happens， too much of it may get you poisoned．

A． Know when to seek emergency medical treatment．
B． But if you get the flu， it pays to learn how to treat it．
C． Take a few days off to give your body time to recover．
D． Orange juice is another good source of natural vitamin C．
E． Flu symptoms are similar to cold symptoms， but more severe．
F． You can remove the discomfort of fever by using a cool cloth．
G． Do not continue to take too much vitamin C after you feel better．
16.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
I was successful at my job and had worked my way up to department director. (21)，one afternoon last May，I was called to the office，and it was explained to me that they were letting me go.I just sat there(22) they talked on and all I could think was， "I've(23)." I'd been so well respected，but (24) I was of no value.
For six weeks，I was in a very(25) place.I wandered around my house like a zombie （僵尸）.I could (26) things needed doing，but would not do anything.My beliefs in looking forward deserted me.
Then，in late June，my youngest son's football team (27) the city cup final.The year before，he'd been very sad when I(28) the same final，so he was delighted when I told him I'd go.Not only did they win，but the look on his face as he saw me cheering him on(29) with joy.From then on，I spent the summer enjoying my sons and their passions.I attended match after match and performances of my elder son's band — I (30) went to another city to watch him play.These moments were so (31).My life had been so much devoted to (32) for so long，and I felt (33) that my sons were happy to welcome me into their world.
(34)，being unemployed gave me back a sense of purpose — I was someone's mum!I felt a sense of being(35) again.Now I feel more positive about my professional experience and I'm getting on better with my family than I ever have.
21.  A. Therefore B. Anyhow C. Otherwise D. However
22.  A. until B. after C. as D. before
23.  A. changed B. finished C. tried D. failed
24.  A. suddenly B. finally C. immediately D. shortly
25.  A. secret B. dark C. lonely D. quiet
26.  A. see B. get C. suggest D. understand
27.  A. had B. competed C. made D. defeated
28.  A. watched B. missed C. lost D. won
29.  A. lit up B. showed up C. made up D. picked up
30.  A. just B. even C. still D. almost
31.  A. hopeful B. meaningful C. difficult D. strange
32.  A. work B. family C. matches D. performances
33.  A. successful B. thoughtful C. thankful D. peaceful
34.  A. Naturally B. Doubtfully C. Arguably D. Unexpectedly
35.  A. employed B. comforted C. valued D. encouraged
36. In 2011，Amy Chua put out the book，Battle Hymn of the Tiger Mother，in which she describes the challenges of (1) （ keep） to the strict upbringing （抚育） she knew as a child.Miscommunication about the purpose of the book (2) （ arise） because many readers did not get the impression that Chua was trying to be humorous about her parenting methods.
In the book，Chua compares Western and Chinese beliefs and methods of parenting.In general，Chinese parents believe a child's (3) （ academy） success is directly linked to parenting skills.It is common for such parents to take severe measures to make their children do exactly what they say. (4) contrast，Western parents worry more about their children's self-esteem （自尊）.As a result，parenting methods have become less strict and children (5) （ hold） to lower standards than they were in the past.
Interestingly，in the West，many people agree that Western parenting methods could use (6) （ improve） because more and more children are not learning how to face and overcome challenges. (7) ，experts also say that being too strict with children can cause rebellion （反叛），low self-esteem and poor parent-child relationships.
What everyone can agree on is that there is no perfect way (8) （ parent）.What's more，a method that works with one child will not necessarily work with (9) .Parents are challenged with finding the best method (10) helps each child learn to be a responsible and confident person.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
37. 假定你是李华，读完外教Mr.Brown推荐的一些英文小说后，你的收获很大。请你给他写一封感谢信，内容包括：
（1）表示感谢；（2）你的收获；（3）希望得到进一步指导。100词左右
Dear Brown，
_________
(1)
(2)
(3)
38. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写一段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Lee took a deep breath and let it out slowly.When his lungs felt comfortable,he dived beneath the water.Looking up,he could see the bright sun shining on the water's surface. "Soon," Lee thought, "I shall be able to hold my breath as long as David.Then I，too,shall be able to dive for pearls. "
With lungs burning,he quickly surfaced and gasped（喘气） for breath.Lee was small for his twelve years,and he hated being treated as a child.David,his old brother,had been looked upon as a man long before he was Lee's age.
Now,every day as the sun warmed the bay,David and the other young men went out to dive for oysters （牡蛎）.With luck,there would be pearls in many of them.Many times Lee begged to go along,but David always refused.
So every day Lee would go to the shallow water to practice.With each day's effort,his diving improved and he felt much at home in the water. "Tomorrow I shall challenge David." Lee decided.The next morning,Lee rose early,hurrying to catch up with David,who was already on the beach. "David,wait!" called Lee.
The group of men around David grew quiet.Lee continued, "David,I say that I can hold my breath under the water as long as you can.If I win,I ask only that you treat me as a man and let me dive by your side."
The men of the village gasped（倒抽气） and began to laugh.David looked amused, "And what if when you lose？"
"I will not lose!" He took a breath, "But if I should,I promise not to ask to go with you for a full year!The men of the village are here to judge."
Hearing this,David looked surprised.
注意：
1.续写词数应为100左右；
2.续写部分分为一段，开头语已为你写好；
But with all of his friends looking on,David had no choice but to agree.____________
答案和解析

1~3.【答案】B、A、D
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第四段On that fateful day，an elegantly dressed，slightly older woman seated beside me offered to share the photos and stories of her daughter to break the silence in the half-empty cafe.（在那关键的一天，坐在我旁边的一位衣着优雅、年龄稍大的女士主动提出分享她女儿的照片和故事，以打破半空的咖啡馆里的沉默。）可知，那个年龄较大的妇女想和作者分享她做养母的感受。故选B。
（2）推理判断题。根据倒数第二段"I was 51 when I adopted Melanie，" she said， "And it's the most rewarding and exciting thing I've ever done."（"我收养梅兰妮的时候51岁，"她说，"这是我做过的最有意义、最令人兴奋的事。"）和最后一段I saw a happier and more satisfied myself，a reborn "mother-to-be".（我看到了一个更快乐、更满足的自己，一个重生的"准妈妈"。）可知，那个妇女收养孩子的做法对作者产生了很大的影响，激励着作者决定收养一个孩子，因此那位年龄大的女士是鼓舞人心的。故选A。
（3）推理判断题。根据最后一段I saw a happier and more satisfied myself，a reborn "mother-to-be".（我看到了一个更快乐、更满足的自己，一个重生的"准妈妈"。）可知，通过和陌生妇女的谈话，作者想要个孩子的希望又燃起了，所以内心充满了满足和快乐。故选D。
这是一篇记叙文。多年以来作者一直通过外在的东西让自己变得开心，但是这些都不能抚慰作者内心的伤痛。作者一直没有自己的孩子，而与一个陌生人的邂逅，让作者决定收养一个孩子。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。

4~7.【答案】A、A、C、D
【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇人生感悟类阅读，主要讲述了假期作者由于工作不能出去聚会，此时作者收到了一个男人的信，邀请作者陪伴他去波罗的海上航行。
1. 细节理解题。根据第四段Two more days, and I would be free to start my holiday, but I had nowhere to go! The country house parties were all breaking up, and though I could always go home, which fashionable young man wants to spend his holiday with his own family?可以看出，作者放假时乡村别墅里的聚会都结束了，作者无处度假，因此推测心情是不好的，分析选项，只有A项（沮丧的）是消极意义的词汇，符合语境。故选A。
2. 细节理解题。根据信件中But I write in the hope that you might like to come here and join me in a little sailing and perhaps, duck shooting.可知，亚瑟戴维斯（Arthur Davies）请求作者陪他去航海和打野鸭。故选A。
3. 推理判断题。根据最后一段The letter was a turning point in my life, though I did not know it at the time.可知，这封信是作者生命中的一个转折点，将使作者的一生发生巨大的变化。故选C。
4. 词义猜测题。根据下文内容His friend had left him—why? The Baltic was beautiful—yes, but what about October storms? Did I really want to spend my holiday freezing in the Baltic, with a man who I didn't know well?可知，作者对于这个人和航海邀请都心存疑惑，因此这封信能不能起作用是相当令人怀疑的。故选D。

8~11.【答案】A、B、C、B
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段According to NASA，the definition of space junk is " any man-made object in orbit （轨道） around Earth that no longer serves a useful function".（根据美国国家航空航天局的说法，太空垃圾的定义是"任何在地球轨道上的人造物体，不再具有有用的功能"。）可知，废弃的空间站属于不再具有有用功能的人造物体，因此是太空垃圾。故选A。
（2）代词指代题。根据第二段"We will find the crater，eventually，" Mark Robinson，lead investigator for NASA Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Camera，told USA TODAY. "Depending on its location，        could take as long as 28 days."（"我们最终会找到陨石坑，"美国国家航空航天局月球勘测轨道相机首席研究员马克•罗宾逊告诉《今日美国》。"根据地点的不同，可能需要28天的时间。"）可知，这里说的it指代上文提到的陨石坑的位置。故选B。
（3）推理判断题。根据第三段What's significant about this space junk crash is that it draws attention to some of the potential dangers of space junk.（这次太空垃圾碰撞的重要意义在于它引起了人们对太空垃圾潜在危险的关注。）可知，作者再次在后面列举2016年的微小的太空碎片造成的破坏的事件是为了阐述太空垃圾可能造成的潜在危险。故选C。
（4）推理判断题。根据最后一段In addition to potential damage to spacecraft and satellites，space junk also poses a threat to the Earth itself.Crashes can send debris into the atmosphere where it can remain for many decades.（除了对航天器和卫星的潜在损害外，太空垃圾还对地球本身构成威胁。撞击会将碎片送入大气层，并在那里停留几十年。）可知，太空垃圾留在大气层中会造成持续的威胁。故选B。
本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了太空垃圾对于太空，地球，以及人类会造成的潜在的威胁以及伤害。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。

12~15.【答案】A、D、C、B
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段Experts often tell students to center their efforts on a narrow field to get a job after school.（专家们经常告诉学生，要把精力集中在一个狭窄的领域，以便于毕业后找工作。）可知，专家常常教导学生要把精力放在自己的研究领域，以便于毕业后找工作。故选A。
（2）词句猜测题。根据第四段They said that a large number of Nobel Prize winners can be described as "polymaths"，people who have many different interests in both their work and personal lives.（他们表示，大量诺贝尔奖得主可以被称为"博学者"，他们在工作和个人生活中都有很多不同的兴趣。）因此根据people who have many different interests in both their work and personal lives. （在工作和个人生活中都有很多不同兴趣的人。）可知，polymath指的是在工作和个人生活中有很多不同兴趣的人。故选D。
（3）细节理解题。根据最后一段Double majors are often more creative and more interested in starting their own businesses.（拥有双学位的人通常更有创造力，对创业更感兴趣。）可知，双学位的人工作更有创造力。故选C。
（4）标题归纳题。根据第一段But recent research into Nobel Prize winners suggests that wider interests are important.（但最近对诺贝尔奖得主的研究表明，更广泛的兴趣是重要的。）可知，文章通过一项研究告诉我们诺贝尔奖的获得者多为知识广博的人，他们有多个领域的知识，因此能从不同的角度和方法思考问题。B.Wide Interests Count for Nobel Prize Winners.（诺贝尔奖得主兴趣广泛。）可以作为本文的最佳标题。故选B。
本文是一篇说明文，一项针对诺贝尔奖获得者的研究发现，这些获奖者通常有多个领域的知识，广博的知识使他们在工作中能用不同的角度和方法思考问题。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。

16~20.【答案】B、E、A、C、G
【解析】BEACG
1．B．文章衔接题．根据前文Getting a flu vaccine（疫苗）every year is the best way to prevent getting the flu．可知每年接种流感疫苗是预防流感的最好方法．B项：But if you get the flu， it pays to learn how to treat it．但是如果你得了流感，学习如何治疗是值得的．符合文意，故选B．
2．E．联系上文题．根据前文Before you can effectively treat the flu， make sure that' s what you actually have．可知在你能有效地治疗流感之前，确保你是真正得了流感．E项：Flu symptoms are similar to cold symptoms， but more severe．流感症状与感冒症状相似，但更严重．符合文意，故选E．
3．A．段落理解题．根据后文In some extreme cases， the flu can cause symptoms severe enough to require hospitalization．可知在一些极端情况下，流感会导致严重的症状，需要住院治疗．A项：Know when to seek emergency medical treatment．知道何时寻求紧急医疗．符合文意，故选A．
4．C．理解判断题．根据前文Get some rest． Sometimes it's possible to keep working or going to school with a cold， but when you have the flu， it's important to rest．可知休息一下．有时感冒时可以继续工作或上学，但是当你得了流感时，休息很重要．C项：Take a few days off to give your body time to recover．休息几天，让你的身体有时间恢复．符合文意，故选C．
5．G．逻辑推理题．根据前文Take 1000mg per hour for the first six hours as soon as symptoms appear． Then take 1000mg three times daily．可知症状一出现，前六小时每小时服用1000毫克，然后每天服用1000毫克三次．G项：Do not continue to take too much vitamin C after you feel better．感觉好点后不要继续摄入过多的维生素C．符合文意，故选G．
本文是一篇选句填空，文章主要介绍了流感是非常危险的，尽管对大多数人来说，这种疾病可能只持续一两周，但我们还是得接种流感疫苗来进行预防．
答题前一定要略读全文，把握文章要表达的主题，注意前后句与句，段落与段落之间的关系．答题中，一定要认真分析，注意选项与上下文的关系，与前后单词的关系．对于一时没有太大的把握的题可以放到最后再来完成，因为有时答案可以从下文内容体现出来．答完后再通读一遍文章，看看所选选项能不能是语句通顺，语意连贯．

21~35.【答案】D、C、D、A、B、A、C、B、A、B、B、A、C、D、C
【解析】（1）考查副词及语境理解。A.Therefore因此；B.Anyhow不管怎样；C.Otherwise否则；D.However然而。句意：然而，去年5月的一天下午，我被叫到办公室，他们并向我解释说我被解雇了。根据上文I was successful at my job and had worked my way up to department director.（我在工作上很成功，一直努力到部门主任。）可知，之前我在工作上一直很成功，然而，我却被解雇了，上下文为转折关系，"However"意为"然而"，符合语境。故选D。
（2）考查连词及语境理解。A.until直到；B.after在……以后；C.as当……时；D.before在……以前。句意：当他们继续交谈时，我只是坐在那里，我能想到的只是"我失败了。"根据句意可知，因为受到打击，当他们继续交谈时，我只是坐在那里，as意为"当……时"，符合语境。故选C。
（3）考查动词及语境理解。A.changed改变；B.finished完成；C.tried尝试；D.failed失败。句意：当他们继续交谈时，我只是坐在那里，我能想到的只是"我失败了。"根据上文they were letting me go可知，我被解雇了，由此可知，一直工作成功的我感到自己失败了。故选D。
（4）考查副词及语境理解。A.suddenly突然；B.finally最后；C.immediately立即；D.shortly不多时，马上。句意：我一直很受尊敬，但突然间我变得毫无价值了。根据句中I'd been so well respected可知，因为工作成功，我一直很受尊敬，但突然被解雇了，让我突然间觉得自己变得毫无价值了。故选A。
（5）考查形容词及语境理解。A.secret秘密的；B.dark黑暗的；C.lonely孤独的；D.quiet安静的。句意：六个星期以来，我一直在一个非常黑暗的地方。根据下文I wandered around my house like a zombie （僵尸）.（我像僵尸一样在家里游荡）可知，因为被解雇了，我感觉很失败，像僵尸一样在家里徘徊，由此可知，我处于痛苦之中，一直待在一个非常黑暗的地方。故选B。
（6）考查动词及语境理解。A.see看到；B.get得到；C.suggest建议；D.understand理解。句意：我可以看到需要做的事情，但什么都不做。根据句中but would not do anything可知，我可以看到需要我去做的事情，但因为沮丧，我选择什么都不做。故选A。
（7）考查动词及语境理解。A.had有；B.competed竞争；C.made获得，进行；D.defeated击败。句意：然后，在6月下旬，我小儿子的足球队进入了城市杯决赛。made the city cup final表示"进入了城市杯决赛"。故选C。
（8）考查动词及语境理解。A.watched观看；B.missed错过；C.lost丢失；D.won赢得。句意：前一年，当我错过同一场决赛时，他很难过，所以当我告诉他我会去的时候，他很高兴。根据句中he'd been very sad可知，小儿子难过的原因是我错过了决赛，没有去观看。故选B。
（9）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.lit up露出喜色；B.showed up出现；C.made up编造；D.picked up捡起。句意：他们不仅赢了，当他看到我为他加油时，脸上的表情也充满了喜悦。根据上文he was delighted when I told him I'd go可知，得知我去看比赛，儿子很高兴，由此可知，当他看到我为他加油时，脸上充满了喜悦，lit up意为"露出喜色"，符合语境。故选A。
（10）考查副词及语境理解。A.just只是；B.even甚至；C.still仍然；D.almost几乎。句意：我参加了一场又一场的比赛和大儿子乐队的演出——我甚至去了另一个城市看他演奏。根据句中went to another city to watch him play.可知，我不仅看了大儿子乐队的演出，甚至去了另一个城市看他演奏，even意为"甚至"，符合语境。故选B。
（11）考查形容词及语境理解。A.hopeful充满希望的；B.meaningful有意义的；C.difficult困难的；D.strange奇怪的。句意：这些时刻太有意义了。根据上文From then on，I spent the summer enjoying my sons and their passions.（从那时起，我整个夏天都在享受我的儿子和他们的激情。）可知，我享受参与到儿子的生活和活动中，由此可知，我认为这些和儿子在一起的时刻太有意义了。故选B。
（12）考查名词及语境理解。A.work工作；B.family家庭；C.matches比赛；D.performances表演。句意：这么长时间以来，我的生活一直致力于工作，我很感激我的儿子们高兴地欢迎我进入他们的世界。根据上文I was successful at my job and had worked my way up to department director.（我在工作上很成功，一直努力到部门主任。）可知，之前我在工作上很成功，一直升到了部门主任，由此可知，长时间以来，我的生活一直致力于工作。故选A。
（13）考查形容词及语境理解。A.successful成功的；B.thoughtful体贴的；C.thankful感激的；D.peaceful和平的。句意：这么长时间以来，我的生活一直致力于工作，我很感激我的儿子们高兴地欢迎我进入他们的世界。根据句中my sons were happy to welcome me into their world可知，在我工作受挫的时候，我很感激我的儿子们高兴地欢迎我进入他们的世界。故选C。
（14）考查副词及语境理解。A.Naturally自然地；B.Doubtfully怀疑地；C.Arguably可论证地；D.Unexpectedly出乎意料地。句意：出乎意料的是，失业给了我一种目标感——我是别人的妈妈！根据句中being unemployed gave me back a sense of purpose可知，失业让作者浑浑噩噩，但出乎意料的是，失业也给了作者一种目标感，让她与孩子有了更多接触，意识到自己也是别人的妈妈。故选D。
（15）考查动词及语境理解。A.employed雇用；B.comforted安慰；C.valued重视；D.encouraged鼓励。句意：我再次感到被重视。根据上文I was of no value中的value可知，失业让作者感到自己变得毫无价值，由此可知，孩子的热情让作者感到自己再次被别人需要，再次感到被重视。故选C。
这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在工作上一直很成功，突然失业让作者浑浑噩噩，但同时也让她与孩子有了更多接触的机会，体会到了被家人需要的快乐，重新树立了积极的工作态度和生活态度。
做完形填空题之前，必须先浏览全文，了解短文的大意，这是非常重要的一个步骤。通过短文所提供的信息，借助语感及相关知识的推断，可以从整体上把握短文的轮廓。在通读全文，了解大意的基础上，便可着手答题。根据习惯用法、固定搭配，并从上下文中找关键性暗示，注意前后对照，逐句精读，逐题分析选项。所有的答案选出之后，应再次通读全文，对所选的答案进行核实调整。

36.【答案】【小题1】keeping
【小题2】arose
【小题3】academic
【小题4】In/By
【小题5】are held
【小题6】improvement
【小题7】However
【小题8】to parent
【小题9】another
【小题10】that
【解析】（1）考查动名词。句意：2011年，Amy Chua出版了 Battle Hymn of the Tiger Mother一书，在书中，她描述了坚持她小时候所知道的严格教育所面临的挑战。of是介词，其后跟动名词作宾语，故填keeping。
（2）考查时态。句意：这本书的目的之所以被误解，是因为许多读者没有意识到蔡美儿试图以幽默的方式讲述她的教育方法。句子描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，空格处用过去式arose，故填arose。
（3）考查形容词。句意：一般来说，中国父母认为孩子的学习成绩与父母的教育技巧直接相关。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词success，academy的形容词是academic，意为"学业的，学术的"，故填academic。
（4）考查介词和固定短语。句意：相比之下，西方父母更担心孩子的自尊。in/by contrast是固定短语，意为"相比之下"，空格处是介词in/by，位于句首，首字母大写，故填In/By。
（5）考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：结果，教育方法变得不那么严格，对孩子的要求也比过去低。children和hold之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此句子用被动语态，且句子描述客观事实，因此空格处是一般现在时的被动语态，主语children是复数，因此空格处是are held。故填are held。
（6）考查名词。句意：有趣的是，在西方，许多人同意西方的育儿方法可以利用改进，因为越来越多的孩子没有学习如何面对和克服挑战。空格处用名词作宾语，improve的名词是improvement，意为"改进"，是不可数名词，故填improvement。
（7）考查副词。句意：然而，专家也表示，对孩子过于严格会导致叛逆、自卑和亲子关系恶化。根据语境及句意可知，前后两句是转折关系，空格处用however表转折，位于句首，首字母大写，故填However。
（8）考查不定式。句意：每个人都同意的是，没有完美的育儿方式。way后跟不定式作后置定语，故填to parent。
（9）考查代词。句意：更重要的是，适用于一个孩子的方法不一定适用于另一个孩子。根据语境可知，句子表示"适用于一个孩子的方法不一定适用于另一个孩子"，空格处意为"另一个"，是another，故填another。
（10）考查定语从句。句意：父母面临的挑战是找到最好的方法，帮助每个孩子学习成为一个负责任和自信的人。分析可知，空格处引导的是定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词method是物，且被最高级best修饰，因此空格处只能用关系代词that，故填that。
本文是一篇议论文，主要讲的是中西方教育理念的不同。
语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。

37.【答案】【小题1】Dear Mr.Brown，
I'm writing to express my sincere thanks to you for recommending me some English novels.（表示感谢）
The recommended novels，whose languages are beautiful and plain to read，have brought me many unexpected benefits.【高分句型一】Having finished reading them，I have built a larger vocabulary，which，in turn，has improved my writing skills.【高分句型二】What's more，these English novels open me up to new experiences and perspectives，providing me with new information about culture and society which I never knew before.（你的收获）
Please accept my thanks once again.I really hope you can offer me some more guidance on reading English novels.（希望得到进一步指导）
Yours，
Li Hua
【小题2】略
【小题3】略
【解析】高分句型一：The recommended novels，whose languages are beautiful and plain to read，have brought me many unexpected benefits.
译文：推荐的小说，语言优美，通俗易懂，给我带来了很多意想不到的好处。
分析：这句话使用了whose引导的定语从句。
高分句型二：Having finished reading them，I have built a larger vocabulary，which，in turn，has improved my writing skills.
译文：读完之后，我积累了更多的词汇，这反过来也提高了我的写作能力。
分析：这句话使用了现在分词的完成式Having finished reading them作状语，which引导的定语从句。
这是一篇提纲类作文，需要写的内容已经给出，但是写作时不要仅仅对要点进行生硬的翻译，而是要添加些内容，使文章看起来更充实，要组成一篇通顺连贯的短文，一定要谈谈自己的看法。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。同时注意要求的字数，不要太多也不要太少。

38.【答案】But with all of his friends looking on,Arthur had no choice but to agree.They soon reached the bay.The whistle blew and the contest began.After a deep breath,they both dived into the waves.As seconds passed,Lee could feel his lung burning,but his desire to win gave him an extra burst of energy.He cast a glance at his brother,who seemed to gather the last strength to hold his breath.【高分句型一】Lee suddenly understood what losing could mean to his brother.【高分句型二】Without thinking,Lee kicked his feet and rose to the surface a second before David.The men around them cheered,while David patted Lee and announced. "Today we shall have a new diver."（Lee同哥哥David比赛的过程）
【解析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Lee,一个12岁的小男孩，努力练习潜水，想要像他哥哥一样被当成成年人对待。同他哥哥比赛潜水，在最后时刻，为了不失去他的哥哥，放弃赢得比赛，最终成为潜水员的故事。
高分句型一
He cast a glance at his brother,who seemed to gather the last strength to hold his breath.
翻译：他瞥了他的兄弟一眼，他似乎聚集了最后的力量来屏住呼吸。
分析：由关系代词who引导的非限制性定语从句。
高分句型二
Lee suddenly understood what losing could mean to his brother.
翻译：Lee突然明白了失去对他哥哥意味着什么。
分析：由what引导的宾语从句作understood的宾语。
解题方法点拨
 （1）品读原文，确定文章线索
       每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索。如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等这样有利于考生"顺藤摸瓜（结尾）"。
       （2）仔细审题，明确续写要求
       一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此次短文续写的具体要求，如词数限制使用几处标有下划线的关键词语。续写段落的首句提示，这样考生可以做到"心中有数"。
       （3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路
       根据文章后面的要求，再次快速阅读短文，抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确定续写段落的思路。同时结合文章画线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。
       （4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句
       在确定了思路和内容之后，最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中画线的关键词拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。