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2022-2023学年北京市房山区高二（上）期末英语试卷（含答案解析）
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这是一份2022-2023学年北京市房山区高二（上）期末英语试卷（含答案解析），共19页。试卷主要包含了 A等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2022-2023学年北京市房山区高二（上）期末英语试卷
At about 11 p.m.，Janet got off the train，went into her car and started driving home.She was so familiar with the route that she almost(1)automatically：turned left to the Station Road，then another left onto Montauk Highway，and then — bang!When Janet's car had just crossed the railroad tracks，it hit another vehicle and was(2) back onto the tracks.Injured but mostly shocked by the crash and by the airbags that popped up，she was(3) in the vehicle.
As it happened，Andrew was just about to go to sleep when he heard a sharp noise and saw the accident not far outside his bedroom window.As a retired (4)， Andrew，who was 69，fetched a flashlight and rushed out without (5).
Arriving at the spot，Andrew looked around and (6)Janet 's car straddling the railway tracks.And then he heard the bell ring，which signaled a train's arrival.
The train was running toward them at a speed of some 105 kilometers per hour.The driver's(7) cannot be opened due to the collision，so Andrew quickly ran to the other side and managed to open the door.He put the airbags(8)，seized her arms，pulled her toward him across the passenger seat until finally got her out and walked her to (9) as soon as possible.Several seconds later，the train crashed into the vehicle.
"Last night，"said Gregory，Chief of the Department in South Country Ambulance，"the(10)arrived in pajamas（睡衣裤），not in a fire truck."
1. A. drove B. walked C. rode D. hiked
2. A. brought B. went C. pushed D. moved
3. A. engaged B. stuck C. absorbed D. spotted
4. A. doctor B. driver C. firefighter D. engineer
5. A. patience B. doubt C. exception D. hesitation
6. A. predicted B. realized C. observed D. discovered
7. A. window B. door C. belt D. handle
8. A. aside B. down C. on D. up
9. A. safety B. security C. station D. shelter
10. A. reporter B. police C. hero D. soldier
11. Stephen Curry was thought by many people to be unsuitable for a career in professional basketball.However， (1) （select） for the NBA in 2009，he joined the Golden State.
Warriors and performed (2) everyone's expectations with his accurate shooting and continuous efforts.In 2015，Stephen (3) （ win） his first NBA championship，and he led the Warriors to their first championship since 1975.
(1)
(2)
(3)
12. People in Paris love the view of the city's old (1) （building），especially Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris （巴黎圣母院）. (2) the top of the 850-year-old church and two-thirds of the roof were destroyed by a fire on April 16.Parisians were so shocked and gathered around the giant churh， (3) （ pray ） for the hundreds of firefighters who fought the flames.
(1)
(2)
(3)
13. The first landmark to catch my eye is the splendid Qingshuihe Bridge，the (1) （long） bridge built over permafrost in the world.A group of Tibetan antelopes is moving under the bridge，some of (2) stop to eat grass at their leisure.Thirty-three passages have been built under the railway (3) （allow） the animals to move safely and freely in their natural habitat.
Wild animals such as these Tibetan antelopes (4) （use） these passages for years.They seem totally unaware that we are speeding past at over 100 kilometres an hour.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
E
Would you like to make contributions to your community？
Members of Love Zone are creative and responsible，making them perfectly ready to help handle various problems through volunteering.
If you want to make a difference in your community，or be a part of something bigger than yourself，then this is the place to start.Here are a few organizations of Love Zone with volunteer opportunities for teens!
Habitat for Humanity
Everyone deserves to have a place they call home.By volunteering with Habitat for Humanity，you can play a role in building up your community.Their Habitat Youth Programs accept volunteers between the ages of 5 and 40.
Meals on Wheels
For those teens who just got their licenses，here's a volunteer opportunity that will make driving worthwhile.200 million meals have been delivered so far.You can connect with your local provider to get involved.Meals on Wheels is on a mission to meet the nutritional and social needs of the elderly.
Key Club
As the oldest service program for high school students，the Key Club has quite a history of helping teens get involved in volunteering.Because clubs are student-led，you get a direct say in the kinds of service projects you want to do.Chances are，there's already a chapter in your school，but if not，you can try taking the lead in one.
Best Buddies
Volunteer with Best Buddies to help people with intellectual and developmental disabilities and you can make them connected with other people.Join a school chapter（or start your own） to use friendship as a tool to improve the sense of belonging in your community.
And don't worry.Even if you can't volunteer physically，there are also tons of online volunteer opportunities available!If you want to find out more about joining a worthwhile volunteer organization，please click at www.Love Zone.org.
14. What is required for joining Meals on Wheels？ ______
A. A driver's license. B. A nurse's license.
C. A teacher certificate. D. An architect certificate.
15. To help people with developmental disabilities，you can join ______ .
A. Habitat for Humanity B. Meals on Wheels
C. Key Club D. Best Buddies
16. The author writes this passage to ______ .
A. get more people to contribute to society
B. teach teens to be creative and responsible
C. raise public awareness of community affairs
D. instruct teens in ways to earn volunteer hours
F
Born in 1928，Eugenio Monti，was the best young Italian skier of his generation.He became known as the Flying Redhead and won several national titles，but in 1951 an accident called an end to his skiing career.It was then that he switched to bobsleigh.In 1954 he won his first Italian championship and started to dominate the sport in Italy and be a force internationally for more than a decade.However，Monti is more widely remembered as the first athlete to be awarded the Pierre de Coubertin Medal for sportsmanship displayed during the 1964 Winter Olympic Games.
At the 1964 Games in Innsbruck，Austria，Monti and his partner Sergio Siorpaes were the defending world champions，which made them in the two-man event.Monti was desperate to add Olympic golds to his medal collection because he was 36 years old then and had already suffered serious problems with his knees，arguably running out of time to achieve his Olympic dreams.But they were in heated competition with the British team of Anthony Nash and Robin Dixon.
After two runs on the first day，the British led the field.On day two，however，a faulty axle（车轴） on the sled would have been sure to lead to their withdrawal，if it weren't for Monti offering to lend them the bolt（螺栓） from his sled.The British pair went on to record the fastest time on that final run and won gold by just 0.12 seconds，while Monti and Siorpaes claimed the bronze.
Four days later in the four-man event，Monti's selflessness towards his fellow competitors shone through for a second time when the rear axle on the Canadian team's sled was damaged.Monti sent the Italian team's mechanics to repair it，with the consequence that the Canadian team won gold，with Monti having to settle for another bronze.
Monti was recognised with the Pierre de Coubertin Medal for sportsmanship after the 1964 Winter Games.And four years later，at the age of 40，at the 1968 Games in Grenoble，Monti finally fulfilled his dream of being an Olympic champion.
17. What can be learned about Eugenio Monti from the passage？ ______
A. He completely failed in achieving medals at the 1964 Winter Games.
B. He had achieved national and international golds in skiing before 1951.
C. He helped Anthony Nash and Robin Dixon twice in Innsbruck，Austria.
D. He was awarded the first Pierre de Coubertin Medal for sportsmanship.
18. What does the underlined word "favourties"in Paragraph 2 mean？ ______
A. Sportsmen who have a strong fan base.
B. Competitors who are expected to win.
C. Athletes who receive better treatments.
D. Players who are liked better by people.
19. What can best describe Eugenio Monti according to the passage？ ______
A. Generous and selfless. B. Curious and adaptable.
C. Responsible and courageous. D. Persevering and hardworking.
20. What might be the best title for the text？ ______
A. Eugenio Monti—the Flying Redhead
B. Eugenio Monti—An Olympic Legend
C. Eugenio Monti—A Real Bobsleigh Champion
D. Eugenio Monti—An Athlete with Sportsmanship
G
As I read about Sarah Loh's journey to becoming the first female chief executive of the Australian Football League （AFL） last week，I was encouraged by the resilience（坚韧） she showed to become a leader in her sport，but also disappointed at the unfair treatment she faced to get there.
Loh had to deal with many of the same questions women in sports often face，such as："How can a woman coach or lead when she has never played sports？"But as an Asian woman，Loh also faced questions with an added layer of racism："What would a multicultural woman know about football？"
A recent Victoria University survey of 221 diverse women made up of current and former coaches，managers and board members found that half of the respondents were unhappy with their leadership roles and that many aspiring leaders believed their gender and background were barriers.
Women from different backgrounds，races，religions，classes and sexual orientations can sometimes experience multiple layers of injustice depending on the context.In order to address these inequalities，there are practical steps sporting organizations can take to create welcoming and inclusive environments for women in sports at every level.
In recent years，national sporting organizations across Australia have shown an increasing commitment to and engagement in the promotion of gender equality and respect to prevent violence against all women.Recognizing their own profile and influence，they have taken active steps to address the drivers of violence and inequality，including through education and awareness-raising programs such as Carlton Respects.
Sports have an influence way beyond the field，court or green on which they're played，and they provide an opportunity to set and maintain positive community standards.
While resilience is a great strength to possess as a leader，women of color，Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women or those from refugee and migrant backgrounds shouldn't be required to wear such a thick set of armor（防御） to simply work in sports.Surely respect，equality and safety for all is not too much to ask for.
21. What can we learn about Sarah Loh from the text？ ______
A. She faced unfair treatment as a player in the AF
B. B.She is the first Chinese chief executive in the AF
C. C.Her sports achievements made her a leader in the AF
D. D.Her road to success was hard due to her gender and race.
22. Which measure has been taken to solve the problem of gender inequality？ ______
A. Strengthening females resilience by training.
B. Establishing more female sporting organizations.
C. Raising public awareness of violence against women.
D. Offering more opportunities for women to take sports.
23. The author writes this passage to ______ .
A. recognize the value of female leaders
B. call for equality and respect for females
C. encourage more females to take sports
D. present the difficulties female leaders face
H
Corals are comeback creatures.As the world froze and melted and sea levels rose and fell over 30，000 years，Australia's Great Barrier Reef，which is roughly the size of Italy，died and revived five times.But now，due to human activities，corals face the most complex condition they have yet had to deal with.
According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate change，a rise in global temperatures of 1.5℃could cause coral reefs to decline 70-90%.The planet is about 1℃hotter than in the 19th century and its seas are becoming warmer，stormier and more acidic（酸性的）.This is already affecting relations between corals and the single-celled algae（海藻），which give them their color.When waters become unusually warm，algae float away，leaving reefs a ghostly white.This"bleaching"is happening five times as often as it did in the 1970s.Meanwhile the changing chemistry of the oceans makes it harder for corals to form their structures.
If corals go，divers and marine biologists are not the only people who will miss them.Reefs take up only a percent of the sea floor，but support a quarter of the planet's fish diversity.The fish that reefs shelter are especially valuable to their poorest human neighbors，many of whom depend on them as a source of protein.Roughly an eighth of the world's population lives within 100 km of a reef.Corals also protect 150，000 km of shoreline in more than 100 countries and territories from the oceans buffeting（肆虐），as well as generating billions of dollars in tourism revenue.
Coral systems must adapt if they are to survive.They need protection from local sources of harm.Their eco-systems suffer from waste from farms，building sites and blast fishing.Governments need to impose tighter rules on these industrials，such as tougher local building codes，and to put more effort into enforcing rules against overfishing.
Setting up marine protected areas could also help reefs.Locals who fear for their livelihoods could be given work as rangers with the job of looking after the reserves.Visitors to marine parks can be required to pay a special tax，like what has been done in the Caribbean.
Many reefs that have been damaged could benefit from restoration.Coral's biodiversity offers hope，because the same coral will grow differently under different conditions.Corals of the western Pacific，for example，can withstand higher temperatures than the same species in the eastern Pacific，which proves a way forward to encourage corals to grow in new spots.
24. According to the passage，what may happen to coral reefs when waters become warm？ ______
A. Floating away. B. Changing forms.
C. Turning white. D. Becoming acidic.
25. According to Paragraph 4，the governments should ______ .
A. ban people from fishing in the coral reef areas
B. reduce the number of visitors to the marine parks
C. call on volunteers to look after the marine reserves
D. carry out stricter rules on industries around the coast
26. Which of the following statements is correct according to the passage？ ______
A. Corals have experienced death and revival for five times.
B. Reefs play an important part in protecting the fish diversity.
C. Coral systems suffer from agriculture，tourism and fishing.
D. The growth of coral has nothing to do with the condition.
27. What's the main purpose of the passage？ ______
A. To attach more importance to coral reefs protection.
B. To present the significance of coral reefs to the world.
C. To expose the influence of climate change on coral reefs.
D. To appeal to governments for quick action to save coral reefs.
How to Find Your Muse Through Creative Pursuits
Have you ever heard the famous quote"Genius is 1 percent inspiration and 99 percent perspiration "？ (1) Some artists，writers，poets，musicians，and even scientists look to a muse as the source of their creativity or genius.The following tips can help you to find your muse.
Listen to music.
Songs，and music in general，can help you relax. (2) Music，specifically lyrics，can also transport you to a specific time or place and provide you with ideas to help spark your own creativity.
Write whatever comes to mind to get your creativity flowing.
You may not have any concrete ideas，but simply writing something down can help generate creative thoughts.Consider it a form of brainstorming.Remember that you can always start over or revise previous thoughts before you finish a final draft.Writing，in and of itself，can help you generate thoughts. (3) It is best if you do this type of writing by hand，because it will connect you more fully to the writing process.
(4)
Even if you stick to one type when you write，you can borrow smaller concepts，the latest trend，personality preferences，scenery ideas，and so much more from reading different types of books.Each story was probably inspired from the author's own exploration of other books or tales and things that happened to or around him in his daily lives.
Try doodling（涂鸦） or drawing to relax and stimulate your creativity.
(5) Instead，try spontaneous（自发的） activities，such as doodling or abstract drawing，as a way to be creative without the pressure that can come with creating finished art.
A.People find inspiration in all sorts of creative activities.
B.Read a lot of different stories to find creative inspiration.
C.Try free writing or journaling for 15 minutes every day.
D.Inspiration is something that comes easily for some people，but is a struggle for others.
E.The lyrics and the melodies you listen to can lighten thoughts that might weigh you down.
F.Have fun and encounter your artistic side without worrying about finding innovative ideas.
G.You can express yourself artistically without producing a professional drawing every time.
28. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
29. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
30. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
31. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
32. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
33. Is it better for our bodies to work out at certain times of the day？Scientists have known for some time that every tissue in our bodies contains a kind of biological clock that goes off in response to messages related to our daily exposure to light，food and sleep.
However，whether and how exercise timing might influence metabolic（新陈代谢的） health has been less clear，and the results of past experiments have not always agreed.A much-discussed 2019 study found that men with Type 2 diabetes（糖尿病） who completed a few minutes of high-intensity interval（间隔） sessions in the afternoon improved their blood-sugar control after two weeks.Patrick Schrauwen，a professor of nutrition and movement sciences read that 2019 study with interest.He had been studying exercise in people with Type 2 diabetes，but had not considered the possible role of timing.Now，seeing the varying impacts of the intense workouts，he wondered if the timing of workouts might similarly affect how the workouts changed people's metabolisms.
Incidentally，he and his colleagues had a ready-made source of data in their own prior experiment.Several years earlier，they had asked adult men at high risk for Type 2 diabetes to ride stationary bicycles at the lab three times a week for 12 weeks，while the researchers tracked their metabolic health.They also had noted when the riders showed up for their workouts.The researchers pulled data for the 12 men who consistently had worked out between 8 and 10 a.m.and compared them with another 20 who always exercised between 3 and 6 p.m.They found that the benefits of afternoon workouts far outweighed those of morning exercise.
He says，"This study does suggest that afternoon exercise may be more beneficial for people with disturbed metabolisms than the same exercise done earlier.The particular and most effective exercise for each of us will line up with our daily routines and exercise tendencies because exercise is good for us at any time of day—but only if we choose to keep doing it."
(1) What inspired Professor Schrauwen to consider the role of exercise timing in metabolic health？ ______
(2) What did Schrauwen's new study figure out？ ______
(3) Please decide which part is false in the following statement，then underline it and explain why.
Professor Schrauwen and his colleagues carried out the research by using newly-collected data and making comparisons between two different subject groups.
______
（4）As for exercising，what do you think is the most important？Why？（In about 40 words） ______
34. 假设你是红星中学高二学生李华。你校学生会要组织主题为"和谐地球"的绘画作品展览。请你代表学生会用英文给外籍教师史密斯先生写一封电子邮件，邀请他来参加此次展览的开幕式。内容包括：
（1）开幕式的时间、地点和流程；
（2）展览的主题和展期；
（3）展览的作品及其特点。
注意：
（4）词数100左右；
（5）开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
词汇：展览exhibition和谐地球Earth in Harmony
Dear Mr Smith，
______
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
Student Union
答案和解析
1~10.【答案】A、C、B、C、D、D、B、A、A、C
【解析】（1）考查动词及语境理解。A.drove开车；B.walked散步；C.rode骑车；D.hiked徒步旅行。根据上句At about 11 p.m.，Janet got off the train，went into her car and started driving home可知大约晚上11点，珍妮特下了火车，进入她的汽车，开始开车回家。说明她几乎自动驾驶。故答案为A。
（2）考查动词及语境理解。A.brought带来；B.went去；C.pushed推动；D.moved移动。根据上句When Janet's car had just crossed the railroad tracks，it hit another vehicle可知当珍妮特的车刚刚穿过铁轨时，撞上了另一辆车，被推回了铁轨上。故答案为C。
（3）考查动词及语境理解。A.engaged从事；B.stuck卡住；C.absorbed吸收；D.spotted发现。根据后文The driver's（7）cannot be opened due to the collision，so Andrew quickly ran to the other side and managed to open the door可知由于碰撞，司机门无法打开，因此安德鲁迅速跑到另一边，设法打开了车门。说明珍妮被卡在车里了。故答案为B。
（4）考查名词及语境理解。A.doctor医生；B.driver司机；C.firefighter消防员；D.engineer工程师。根据后文"the（10）arrived in pajamas（睡衣裤），not in a fire truck."可知"英雄穿着睡衣来了（睡衣裤），而不是在消防车里。"说明他是一名退休的消防员。故答案为C。
（5）考查名词及语境理解。A.patience耐心；B.doubt怀疑；C.exception例外；D.hesitation犹豫。根据上句Andrew，who was 69，fetched a flashlight and rushed out可知69岁的安德鲁拿起手电筒，毫不犹豫地冲了出去。without hesitation毫不犹豫。故答案为D。
（6）考查动词及语境理解。A.predicted预测；B.realized意识到；C.observed观察；D.discovered发现。根据下句Janet 's car straddling the railway tracks可知到达现场后，安德鲁环顾四周，发现珍妮特的车跨在铁轨上。故答案为D。
（7）考查名词及语境理解。A.window窗户；B.door门；C.belt腰带；D.handle把手。根据下句so Andrew quickly ran to the other side and managed to open the door可知安德鲁迅速跑到另一边，设法打开了车门。说明一边的门无法打开。故答案为B。
（8）考查副词及语境理解。A.aside一边；B.down向下；C.on在……上面；D.up向上。根据前文Injured but mostly shocked by the crash and by the airbags that popped up，she was（3）in the vehicle.可知她受了伤，但主要是被撞车和弹出的安全气囊吓到了，她被困在了车里。说明他先把安全气囊房子一边，把她救了出来。故答案为A。
（9）考查名词及语境理解。A.safety安全；B.security安全感；C.station车站；D.shelter避难所。根据上句He put the airbags（8），seized her arms，pulled her toward him across the passenger seat until finally got her out可知他把安全气囊放在一边，抓住她的胳膊，把她拉过乘客座位，直到最后把她拉出来，并尽快把她送到安全的地方。故答案为A。
（10）考查名词及语境理解。A.reporter记者；B.police警察；C.hero英雄；D.soldier士兵。根据前文He put the airbags（8），seized her arms，pulled her toward him across the passenger seat until finally got her out and walked her to （9）as soon as possible.可知他把安全气囊放在一边，抓住她的胳膊，把她拉过乘客座位，直到最后把她拉出来，并尽快把她送到安全的地方。说明他是一名救人英雄。故答案为C。
这是一篇记叙文，讲述了一个志愿者消防员深夜救人的感人故事。
完形填空题的命题趋势
解题步骤：
1.通读全文，理解大意。重视首句信息，跳过空格，浏览全文，从整体上感知全文，理解文章大意，这是解题的基础。
2.瞻前顾后，避难就易。在理解文章大意的情况下，结合各选项的意义和用法，遵循先易后难的原则，先解决那些自己有把握的问题。对少数难题，暂时跳过，或许在上文中难以判断的题在下文中就有暗示或者明显的提示，或许一个在前面不能解答的题在填出了另一空后会令你豁然开朗。
3.复读全文，解决残敌。借助已经补全的空格，对全文有了更清楚的理解，可以集中解决所遗留的少数疑难问题。
4.再次复读，弥补疏漏，全部做好后，务必要结合自己选择的答案重新阅读短文内容，确保全文文意连贯。
11.【答案】【小题1】selected
【小题2】beyond
【小题3】won
【解析】（1）考查过去分词。句意：然而，2009年入选NBA，他加盟了金州勇士队，凭借精准的投篮和不断的努力，他的表现超出了所有人的预期。此处为非谓语动词作状语，Stephen与select之间是被动关系，故用过去分词作状语。故填selected。
（2）考查介词。句意：然而，2009年入选NBA，他加盟了金州勇士队，凭借精准的投篮和不断的努力，他的表现超出了所有人的预期。beyond表示"超出"，符合句意，故填beyond。
（3）考查动词时态。句意：2015年，斯蒂芬赢得了他的第一个NBA总冠军，他带领勇士队获得了自1975年以来的第一个总冠军。时间状语为in 2015，句子用一般过去时。故填won。
本文是记叙文。本文介绍了斯蒂芬•库里被许多人认为不适合从事职业篮球生涯。然而，他用精准的投篮和不断的努力超出了所有人的预期。
做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识。
12.【答案】【小题1】buildings
【小题2】But
【小题3】praying
【解析】（1）考查可数名词的复数。句意：巴黎人喜欢这座城市的老建筑，尤其是巴黎圣母院。前面有名词所有格，所以用名词building，为可数名词，所以用名词复数泛指。故填buildings。
（2）考查连词。句意：但这座有850年历史的教堂顶部和三分之二的屋顶在4月16日被大火摧毁。前后是转折关系，所以用but连接，放在句首，所以开头字母要大写。故填But。
（3）考查现在分词。句意：巴黎人非常震惊，聚集在这座巨大的教堂周围，为数百名救火队员祈祷。空前已有谓语，该空与空前谓语无连词连接，动词pray用非谓语形式，逻辑主语Parisians与动词pray是主谓关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故填praying。
这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了巴黎圣母院发生火灾的故事。
做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识。
13.【答案】【小题1】longest
【小题2】which
【小题3】to allow
【小题4】have been using
【解析】（1）考查形容词最高级。句意：首先映入我眼帘的是壮观的清水河大桥，这是世界上最长的建在永久冻土上的桥。根据冠词"the"及名词"bridge"可知，此处需要形容词最高级作定语修饰名词。故填longest。
（2）考查非限制性定语从句。句意：一群藏羚羊正在桥下活动，一些停下来悠闲地吃草。先行词是"Tibetan antelopes "，指物，所以用关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句，作介词"of"的宾语。故填which。
（3）考查动词不定式。句意：铁路下面已经修了33条通道，让动物们在自然栖息地安全自由地活动。句中已有谓语动词"have been built"，所以此处需要非谓语动词形式，此处是作目的状语，故用动词不定式。故填to allow。
（4）考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：野生动物，比如藏羚羊，多年来一直在使用这些通道。根据时间状语for years，可知指截止到现在一直使用，所以用现在完成进行时态，主语为名词复数。故填have been using。
这是一篇记叙文。描述了在清水河大桥飞驰而过时看到的情景。
做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识。
14~16.【答案】A、D、A
【解析】（1）细节理解题。由Meals on Wheels中的For those teens who just got their licenses，here's a volunteer opportunity that will make driving worthwhile.200 million meals have been delivered so far. （对于那些刚刚拿到驾照的青少年来说，这里有一个志愿者的机会，这将使驾驶变得值得。到目前为止，已经提供了2亿份餐食）和Meals on Wheels is on a mission to meet the nutritional and social needs of the elderly. （Meals on Wheels旨在满足老年人的营养和社会需求）可知，有驾照的青少年可以加入志愿者Meals on Wheels给老人送饭。故选A项。
（2）细节理解题。由Best Buddies中的Volunteer with Best Buddies to help people with intellectual and developmental disabilities and you can make them connected with other people. （与Best Buddies一起做志愿者，帮助有智力和发育障碍的人，你可以让他们与其他人取得联系）可知，为了帮助有发育障碍的人，你可以加入Best Buddies。故选D项。
（3）目的意图题。通读全文，作者介绍了Love Zone组织和它的志愿者活动，最后一段中的Even if you can't volunteer physically，there are also tons of online volunteer opportunities available!If you want to find out more about joining a worthwhile volunteer organization，please click at www.Love Zone.org. （即使你不能亲自做志愿者，也有很多在线志愿者的机会！如果你想了解更多关于加入一个有价值的志愿者组织的信息，请点击www.LoveZone.org）可知，作者写这篇文章是为了号召更多的人去做志愿者。故选A项。
本文为应用文。作者通过介绍Love Zone组织和它提供的几个志愿者活动项目，号召更多的年轻人去做志愿者。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
17~20.【答案】D、B、A、C
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段However，Monti is more widely remembered as the first athlete to be awarded the Pierre de Coubertin Medal for sportsmanship displayed during the 1964 Winter Olympic Games.（然而，人们更广泛地记得，蒙蒂是第一位在1964年冬季奥运会上因表现出的体育精神而被授予皮埃尔•德•顾拜旦奖章的运动员。）可知，他被授予第一个顾拜旦体育精神奖章。故选D。
（2）词义猜测题。根据第二段At the 1964 Games in Innsbruck，Austria，Monti and his partner Sergio Siorpaes were the defending world champions，which made them in the two-man event.（在1964年奥地利因斯布鲁克奥运会上，蒙蒂和他的搭档塞尔吉奥•西奥帕斯是卫冕世界冠军，这使他们成为两人项目的___。）可知，因为他们是卫冕世界冠军，所以成为两人项目最有希望获胜的，由此可知，划线单词"favourites"与B项"预计将获胜的竞争对手"意思一样。A.Sportsmen who have a strong fan base拥有强大粉丝基础的运动员；B.Competitors who are expected to win有望获胜的竞争对手；C.Athletes who receive better treatments接受更好治疗的运动员；D.Players who are liked better by people人们更喜欢的球员。故选B。
（3）推理判断题。根据第三段On day two，however，a faulty axle （车轴） on the sled would have been sure to lead to their withdrawal，if it weren't for Monti offering to lend them the bolt （螺栓） from his sled.（然而，第二天，如果不是蒙蒂愿意把雪橇上的螺栓借给他们，雪橇上的轴有故障肯定会导致他们撤退。）说明蒙蒂很慷慨；以及第四段Four days later in the four-man event，Monti's selflessness towards his fellow competitors shone through for a second time when the rear axle on the Canadian team's sled was damaged.（四天后，在四人滑雪比赛中，当加拿大队雪橇的后轴受损时，蒙蒂对其他对手的无私再次显现出来。蒙蒂派意大利队的机械师去修理，结果加拿大队赢得了金牌，蒙蒂只得再拿一枚铜牌。）可知，蒙蒂非常的无私。A.Generous and selfless慷慨无私的；B.Curious and adaptable好奇适应的；C.Responsible and courageous负责勇敢的；D.Persevering and hardworking坚韧不拔的。故选A。
（4）标题归纳题。根据第一段However，Monti is more widely remembered as the first athlete to be awarded the Pierre de Coubertin Medal for sportsmanship displayed during the 1964 Winter Olympic Games.（然而，人们更广泛地记得，蒙蒂是第一位在1964年冬季奥运会上因表现出的体育精神而被授予皮皮埃尔•德•顾拜旦奖章的运动员。）以及最后一段Monti was recognised with the Pierre de Coubertin Medal for sportsmanship after the 1964 Winter Games.And four years later，at the age of 40，at the 1968 Games in Grenoble，Monti finally fulfilled his dream of being an Olympic champion.（1964年冬季奥运会后，蒙蒂被授予顾拜旦体育精神奖章。四年后，在1968年格勒诺布尔奥运会上，40岁的蒙蒂终于实现了他成为奥运冠军的梦想。）可知，尤金尼奥•蒙蒂虽然因为2次帮助雪橇出故障的对手而错失奥运金牌，但是展现了体育精神，是真正的雪橇冠军。故C.Eugenio Monti—A Real Bobsleigh Champion.（Eugenio Monti--真正的雪橇冠军。）适合做标题。故选C。
本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了出生于1928年的意大利最优秀的年轻滑雪者尤金尼奥•蒙蒂以及在1964年冬季奥运会上因表现出的体育精神而被授予皮埃尔•德•顾拜旦奖章的事迹。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
21~23.【答案】A、C、B
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段As I read about Sarah Loh's journey to becoming the first female chief executive of the Australian Football League（AFL）last week，I was encouraged by the resilience （坚韧）she showed to become a leader in her sport，but also disappointed at the unfair treatment she faced to get there.（上周，当我读到Sarah Loh成为澳大利亚足球联盟第一位女性首席执行官的历程时，我因她成为这项运动的领导者表现出的坚韧而感到备受鼓舞，但同时也对她在这里所面临的不公平待遇感到失望）可知，Sarah Loh遭受了不公平的对待，故选A。
（2）推理判断题。根据第五段In recent years，national sporting organizations across Australia have shown an increasing commitment to and engagement in the promotion of gender equality and respect to prevent violence against all women.Recognizing their own profile and influence，they have taken active steps to address the drivers of violence and inequality，including through education and awareness--raising programs such as Carlton Respects.（近年来，澳大利亚各地的国家体育组织对促进性别平等和尊重防止对所有妇女的暴力行为表现出越来越多的承诺和参与。认识到自己的形象和影响力，他们已采取积极措施，解决暴力和不平等的驱动因素，包括通过教育和提高认识的项目，如Carlto Respects。）可知，为了解决性别不平等的问题，这些机构已经通过教育和提高认识项目提高公众对暴力侵害妇女行为的认识。故选C。
（3）目的意图题。阅读全文，并根据文章第一段As I read about Sarah Loh's journey to becoming the first female chief executive of the Australian Football League（AFL）last week，I was encouraged by the resilience （坚韧）she showed to become a leader in her sport，but also disappointed at the unfair treatment she faced to get there.（上周，当我读到Sarah Loh成为澳大利亚足球联盟第一位女性首席执行官的历程时，我因她成为这项运动的领导者表现出的坚韧而感到备受鼓舞，但同时也对她在这里所面临的不公平待遇感到失望）以及最后一段While resilience is a great strength to possess as a leader，women of color，Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women or those from refugee and migrant backgrounds shouldn't be required to wear such a thick set of armor to simply work in sports.Surely respect，equality and safety for all is not too much to ask for.（虽然作为领导者，韧性是一种巨大的力量，但有色人种女性、原住民和托雷斯海峡岛民女性或难民和移民背景的女性不应该被要求穿上如此厚的盔甲来从事体育运动。当然，对所有人的尊重、平等和安全要求并不过分）可知，本文以女性领袖Sarah Loh遭受的不公平的对待为例，旨在呼吁关注包含女性在内的所有人的尊重、平等和安全。故选B。
本文是一篇说明文。文章以澳大利亚足球联盟第一位女性首席执行官Sarah Lol遭遇的不公平对待为例，就该如何消除对女性的性别歧视提出了一些已经实施的和可以实施的措施。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
24~27.【答案】C、D、B、A
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段中的When waters become unusually warm，algae float away，leaving reefs a ghostly white.（当海水变得异常温暖时，藻类会漂走，留下一片幽灵般的白色珊瑚礁。）可知，当海水变暖之后，珊瑚会变成白色，故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据第四段中的Governments need to impose tighter rules on these industrials，such as tougher local building codes，and to put more effort into enforcing rules against overfishing.（政府需要对这些行业实施更严格的规定，例如更严格的地方建筑法规，并加大力度执行禁止过度捕捞的规则。）可知，政府应该对沿海地区的工业实行更严格的规定。故选D。
（3）细节理解题。根据第一段中Australia's Great Barrier Reef，which is roughly the size of Italy，died and revived five times.（澳大利亚大堡礁的面积大致相当于意大利，但它曾5次死亡并复活。）可知，澳大利亚大堡礁曾经历过5次死亡并复活，而不是所有的珊瑚礁，选项A表述错误；根据第三段中Reefs take up only a percent of the sea floor，but support a quarter of the planet's fish diversity.（珊瑚礁只占海床的百分之一，却支撑着地球上四分之一的鱼类多样性）可知，珊瑚礁对于鱼类的多样性的保护方面有着重要的作用，选项B与文意相符；倒数第三段中Their eco-systems suffer from waste from farms，building sites and blast fishing.Governments need to impose tighter rules on these industrials，such as tougher local building codes，and to put more effort into enforcing rules against overfishing.（它们的生态系统遭受农场、建筑工地和爆破捕鱼的威胁。各国政府需要对这些行业实施更严格的规定，比如更严格的地方建筑法规，并加大力度执行禁止过度捕捞的规定）可知，珊瑚礁受到农业、工业和过度捕捞的影响，未提及旅游对珊瑚礁的影响，故选项C表述错误；最后一段中Coral's biodiversity offers hope，because the same coral will grow differently under different conditions.（珊瑚的生物多样性带来了希望，因为相同的珊瑚在不同的条件下会有不同的生长）说明珊蝴礁的生长会受到条件的影响，选项D错误。故选B。
（4）目的意图题。通读文章，并根据第一段最后一句But now，due to human activity，corals face the most complex condition they have yet had to deal with.（但现在，由于人类的活动，珊瑚面临着迄今为止最复杂的环境条件），第二段中When waters become unusually warm，algae float away，leaving reefs a ghostly white.This"bleaching"is happening five times as often as it did in the 1970s.Meanwhile the changing chemistry of the oceans makes it harder for corals to form their structures.（当海水变得异常温暖时，藻类会漂走，留下一片幽灵般的白色珊瑚礁。这种"变白"的发生频率是20世纪70年代的五倍。同时，海洋化学成分的变化使珊瑚更难形成结构），第四段中Their eco-systems suffer from waste from farms，building sites and blast fishing.Governments need to impose tighter rules on these industrials（它们的生态系统受到农场、建筑工地和爆破捕鱼的污染。政府需要对这些行业实施更严格的规则）以及倒数第二段第一句Setting up marine protected areas could also help reefs.（建立海洋保护区也有助于珊瑚礁）可知，文章主要介绍了珊蝴礁面临的复杂环境，建议对其采取一些保护措施。由此推知，这篇文章的主要目的是让人们更加重视对珊瑚礁保护。故选A。
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了珊蝴礁面临的复杂环境，建议对其采取一些保护措施。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
28~32.【答案】D、E、C、B、G
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据前句Have you ever heard the famous quote"Genius is 1 percent inspiration and 99 percent perspiration "（你听过著名的名言"天才是百分之一的灵感和百分之九十九的汗水"吗）；以及后句Some artists，writers，poets，musicians，and even scientists look to a muse as the source of their creativity or genius（一些艺术家、作家、诗人、音乐家，甚至科学家都将缪斯视为他们创造力或天才的源泉），可知表示"灵感对某些人来说很容易得到，但对另一些人来说却是一很难的事"的选项D可以起到承上启下的作用，故选D。
（2）推理判断题。根据后句Music，specifically lyrics，can also transport you to a specific time or place and provide you with ideas to help spark your own creativity（音乐，特别是歌词，也可以把你带到一个特定的时间或地点，并为你提供灵感，帮助激发你自己的创造力），可知表示"你听的歌词和旋律可以减轻可能会让你心情沉重的想法"的选项E符合前后的语境，Music，specifically lyrics，can also和The lyrics and the melodies是关键词，故选E。
（3）推理判断题。根据后句It is best if you do this type of writing by hand，because it will connect you more fully to the writing process（最好是用手书写，因为它会让你更充分地参与写作过程），可知表示"尝试每天15分钟的自由写作或日记"的选项C符合前后的语境，this type of writing和free writing or journaling是关键词，故选C。
（4）主题判断题。根据后句Even if you stick to one type when you write，you can borrow smaller concepts，the latest trend，personality preferences，scenery ideas，and so much more from reading different types of books（即使你在写作时坚持一种类型，你也可以从阅读不同类型的书中借用更小的概念、最新趋势、个性偏好、风景理念等），可知表示"阅读大量不同的故事，寻找创作灵感"的选项B符合本段的主题，stick to one type和a lot of different stories是关键词，故选B。
（5）推理判断题。根据后句Instead，try spontaneous（自发的） activities，such as doodling or abstract drawing，as a way to be creative without the pressure that can come with creating finished art（相反，尝试自发的活动，如涂鸦或抽象绘画，作为一种没有压力的创作方式），可知表示"你可以随意地表达自己，而不必每次都画一幅专业的画"的选项G符合前后的语境，doodling or abstract drawing和a professional drawing是关键词，故选G。
本文是一篇说明文。作者介绍了找到创作灵感的方法。
这是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子。解题时，要注意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词），选出最符合语境的句子。
33.【答案】【小题1】The 2019 study
【小题2】For some people，it is better to work out in the afternoon.
【小题3】According to the passage，Professor Schrauwen and his colleagues didn't collect any new data to do the research.They made use of the ready-made source of data from their own prior experiment.
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段中…read that 2019 study with interest.He had been studying exercise in people with Type 2 diabetes，but had not considered the possible role of timing.帕特里克施劳文饶有兴趣地阅读了2019年的这项研究。他一直在研究2型糖尿病患者的运动，但没有考虑到运动时间的可能作用。可知，是2019年的这项研究促使施劳文教授进行这项与锻炼时间有关的研究。故答案为：The 2019 study.
（2）细节理解题。根据最后一段中This study does suggest that afternoon exercise may be more beneficial for people with disturbed metabolisms…这项研究确实表明，对于代谢紊乱的人来说，下午锻炼可能比之前做同样的锻炼更有益。可知，对有些人来说，下午锻炼比较好。故答案为：For some people，it is better to work out in the afternoon.
（3）细节理解题。根据第三段中The researchers pulled data for the 12 men…and compared them with another 20 ..可知，他们对两组不同的受试者进行了比较。根据第三段中…he and his colleagues had a ready-made source of data in their own prior experiment.可知，他和他的同事们在他们之前的实验中有现成的数据来源。所以by using the newly-collected data是错误的，该画下划线理解为：According to the passage，Professor Schrauwen and his colleagues didn't collect any new data to do the research.They made use of the ready-made source of data from their own prior experiment.
（4）观点陈述题。本题为开放性的题目，言之有理即可。故答案为：I think it is important to choose the time for exercise，because everyone's physical condition and living habits are different，and then the most effective exercise time for themselves is also different.
本文是一篇说明文。文章通过研究两个患有糖尿病的男性在不同的运动时间下其新陈代谢的不同，来说明运动时间选择的重要性以及它对我们新陈代谢健康的影响，进一步说明我们应该适当的选好适合自己的锻炼时间，来改善身体状况。
考查阅读表达。做题时要通读全文，把握大意，然后结合问题及原文内容按要求完成。
34.【答案】Dear Mr.Smith，
It is my honor to invite you to participate in the opening ceremony of an art exhibition with the theme of "Earth in Harmony"，which will be held by our school at the auditorium next Saturday afternoon，from 2 pm to 5 pm.【高分句型一】（开幕式的时间、地点和流程）
Our ceremony will consist of three procedures our headmaster's announcement of the beginning，a speech to introduce the show and students' performances to celebrate. 【高分句型二】The exhibition will last for a whole week. （展览的主题和展期）You can enjoy various paintings from cartoon to traditional Chinese painting.They are all related to the harmony relationship between human and nature.（展览的作品及其特点）
Hope you are willing to join!（希望）
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
Student Union
【解析】高分句型一：It is my honor to invite you to participate in the opening ceremony of an art exhibition with the theme of "Earth in Harmony"，which will be held by our school at the auditorium next Saturday afternoon，from 2 pm to 5 pm.
译文：我很荣幸邀请您参加我们学校将于下周六下午2时至5时在礼堂举行的主题为"和谐地球"的艺术展览开幕式。
分析：这句话使用了it作为形式主语，不定式内容to invite you to participate in the opening ceremony of an art exhibition with the theme of "Earth in Harmony"是真正的主语，which引导的非限制性定语从句。
高分句型二：Our ceremony will consist of three procedures our headmaster's announcement of the beginning，a speech to introduce the show and students' performances to celebrate.
译文：我们的典礼将包括三个步骤：校长宣布开始，演讲介绍表演，学生表演庆祝。
分析：这句话使用了不定式内容to introduce the show and students' performances to celebrate作目的状语。
这是一篇提纲类作文，需要写的内容已经给出，但是写作时不要仅仅对要点进行生硬的翻译，而是要添加些内容，使文章看起来更充实，要组成一篇通顺连贯的短文，一定要谈谈自己的看法。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。同时注意要求的字数，不要太多也不要太少。
2022-2023学年北京市房山区高二（上）期末英语试卷
At about 11 p.m.，Janet got off the train，went into her car and started driving home.She was so familiar with the route that she almost(1)automatically：turned left to the Station Road，then another left onto Montauk Highway，and then — bang!When Janet's car had just crossed the railroad tracks，it hit another vehicle and was(2) back onto the tracks.Injured but mostly shocked by the crash and by the airbags that popped up，she was(3) in the vehicle.
As it happened，Andrew was just about to go to sleep when he heard a sharp noise and saw the accident not far outside his bedroom window.As a retired (4)， Andrew，who was 69，fetched a flashlight and rushed out without (5).
Arriving at the spot，Andrew looked around and (6)Janet 's car straddling the railway tracks.And then he heard the bell ring，which signaled a train's arrival.
The train was running toward them at a speed of some 105 kilometers per hour.The driver's(7) cannot be opened due to the collision，so Andrew quickly ran to the other side and managed to open the door.He put the airbags(8)，seized her arms，pulled her toward him across the passenger seat until finally got her out and walked her to (9) as soon as possible.Several seconds later，the train crashed into the vehicle.
"Last night，"said Gregory，Chief of the Department in South Country Ambulance，"the(10)arrived in pajamas（睡衣裤），not in a fire truck."
1. A. drove B. walked C. rode D. hiked
2. A. brought B. went C. pushed D. moved
3. A. engaged B. stuck C. absorbed D. spotted
4. A. doctor B. driver C. firefighter D. engineer
5. A. patience B. doubt C. exception D. hesitation
6. A. predicted B. realized C. observed D. discovered
7. A. window B. door C. belt D. handle
8. A. aside B. down C. on D. up
9. A. safety B. security C. station D. shelter
10. A. reporter B. police C. hero D. soldier
11. Stephen Curry was thought by many people to be unsuitable for a career in professional basketball.However， (1) （select） for the NBA in 2009，he joined the Golden State.
Warriors and performed (2) everyone's expectations with his accurate shooting and continuous efforts.In 2015，Stephen (3) （ win） his first NBA championship，and he led the Warriors to their first championship since 1975.
(1)
(2)
(3)
12. People in Paris love the view of the city's old (1) （building），especially Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris （巴黎圣母院）. (2) the top of the 850-year-old church and two-thirds of the roof were destroyed by a fire on April 16.Parisians were so shocked and gathered around the giant churh， (3) （ pray ） for the hundreds of firefighters who fought the flames.
(1)
(2)
(3)
13. The first landmark to catch my eye is the splendid Qingshuihe Bridge，the (1) （long） bridge built over permafrost in the world.A group of Tibetan antelopes is moving under the bridge，some of (2) stop to eat grass at their leisure.Thirty-three passages have been built under the railway (3) （allow） the animals to move safely and freely in their natural habitat.
Wild animals such as these Tibetan antelopes (4) （use） these passages for years.They seem totally unaware that we are speeding past at over 100 kilometres an hour.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
E
Would you like to make contributions to your community？
Members of Love Zone are creative and responsible，making them perfectly ready to help handle various problems through volunteering.
If you want to make a difference in your community，or be a part of something bigger than yourself，then this is the place to start.Here are a few organizations of Love Zone with volunteer opportunities for teens!
Habitat for Humanity
Everyone deserves to have a place they call home.By volunteering with Habitat for Humanity，you can play a role in building up your community.Their Habitat Youth Programs accept volunteers between the ages of 5 and 40.
Meals on Wheels
For those teens who just got their licenses，here's a volunteer opportunity that will make driving worthwhile.200 million meals have been delivered so far.You can connect with your local provider to get involved.Meals on Wheels is on a mission to meet the nutritional and social needs of the elderly.
Key Club
As the oldest service program for high school students，the Key Club has quite a history of helping teens get involved in volunteering.Because clubs are student-led，you get a direct say in the kinds of service projects you want to do.Chances are，there's already a chapter in your school，but if not，you can try taking the lead in one.
Best Buddies
Volunteer with Best Buddies to help people with intellectual and developmental disabilities and you can make them connected with other people.Join a school chapter（or start your own） to use friendship as a tool to improve the sense of belonging in your community.
And don't worry.Even if you can't volunteer physically，there are also tons of online volunteer opportunities available!If you want to find out more about joining a worthwhile volunteer organization，please click at www.Love Zone.org.
14. What is required for joining Meals on Wheels？ ______
A. A driver's license. B. A nurse's license.
C. A teacher certificate. D. An architect certificate.
15. To help people with developmental disabilities，you can join ______ .
A. Habitat for Humanity B. Meals on Wheels
C. Key Club D. Best Buddies
16. The author writes this passage to ______ .
A. get more people to contribute to society
B. teach teens to be creative and responsible
C. raise public awareness of community affairs
D. instruct teens in ways to earn volunteer hours
F
Born in 1928，Eugenio Monti，was the best young Italian skier of his generation.He became known as the Flying Redhead and won several national titles，but in 1951 an accident called an end to his skiing career.It was then that he switched to bobsleigh.In 1954 he won his first Italian championship and started to dominate the sport in Italy and be a force internationally for more than a decade.However，Monti is more widely remembered as the first athlete to be awarded the Pierre de Coubertin Medal for sportsmanship displayed during the 1964 Winter Olympic Games.
At the 1964 Games in Innsbruck，Austria，Monti and his partner Sergio Siorpaes were the defending world champions，which made them in the two-man event.Monti was desperate to add Olympic golds to his medal collection because he was 36 years old then and had already suffered serious problems with his knees，arguably running out of time to achieve his Olympic dreams.But they were in heated competition with the British team of Anthony Nash and Robin Dixon.
After two runs on the first day，the British led the field.On day two，however，a faulty axle（车轴） on the sled would have been sure to lead to their withdrawal，if it weren't for Monti offering to lend them the bolt（螺栓） from his sled.The British pair went on to record the fastest time on that final run and won gold by just 0.12 seconds，while Monti and Siorpaes claimed the bronze.
Four days later in the four-man event，Monti's selflessness towards his fellow competitors shone through for a second time when the rear axle on the Canadian team's sled was damaged.Monti sent the Italian team's mechanics to repair it，with the consequence that the Canadian team won gold，with Monti having to settle for another bronze.
Monti was recognised with the Pierre de Coubertin Medal for sportsmanship after the 1964 Winter Games.And four years later，at the age of 40，at the 1968 Games in Grenoble，Monti finally fulfilled his dream of being an Olympic champion.
17. What can be learned about Eugenio Monti from the passage？ ______
A. He completely failed in achieving medals at the 1964 Winter Games.
B. He had achieved national and international golds in skiing before 1951.
C. He helped Anthony Nash and Robin Dixon twice in Innsbruck，Austria.
D. He was awarded the first Pierre de Coubertin Medal for sportsmanship.
18. What does the underlined word "favourties"in Paragraph 2 mean？ ______
A. Sportsmen who have a strong fan base.
B. Competitors who are expected to win.
C. Athletes who receive better treatments.
D. Players who are liked better by people.
19. What can best describe Eugenio Monti according to the passage？ ______
A. Generous and selfless. B. Curious and adaptable.
C. Responsible and courageous. D. Persevering and hardworking.
20. What might be the best title for the text？ ______
A. Eugenio Monti—the Flying Redhead
B. Eugenio Monti—An Olympic Legend
C. Eugenio Monti—A Real Bobsleigh Champion
D. Eugenio Monti—An Athlete with Sportsmanship
G
As I read about Sarah Loh's journey to becoming the first female chief executive of the Australian Football League （AFL） last week，I was encouraged by the resilience（坚韧） she showed to become a leader in her sport，but also disappointed at the unfair treatment she faced to get there.
Loh had to deal with many of the same questions women in sports often face，such as："How can a woman coach or lead when she has never played sports？"But as an Asian woman，Loh also faced questions with an added layer of racism："What would a multicultural woman know about football？"
A recent Victoria University survey of 221 diverse women made up of current and former coaches，managers and board members found that half of the respondents were unhappy with their leadership roles and that many aspiring leaders believed their gender and background were barriers.
Women from different backgrounds，races，religions，classes and sexual orientations can sometimes experience multiple layers of injustice depending on the context.In order to address these inequalities，there are practical steps sporting organizations can take to create welcoming and inclusive environments for women in sports at every level.
In recent years，national sporting organizations across Australia have shown an increasing commitment to and engagement in the promotion of gender equality and respect to prevent violence against all women.Recognizing their own profile and influence，they have taken active steps to address the drivers of violence and inequality，including through education and awareness-raising programs such as Carlton Respects.
Sports have an influence way beyond the field，court or green on which they're played，and they provide an opportunity to set and maintain positive community standards.
While resilience is a great strength to possess as a leader，women of color，Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women or those from refugee and migrant backgrounds shouldn't be required to wear such a thick set of armor（防御） to simply work in sports.Surely respect，equality and safety for all is not too much to ask for.
21. What can we learn about Sarah Loh from the text？ ______
A. She faced unfair treatment as a player in the AF
B. B.She is the first Chinese chief executive in the AF
C. C.Her sports achievements made her a leader in the AF
D. D.Her road to success was hard due to her gender and race.
22. Which measure has been taken to solve the problem of gender inequality？ ______
A. Strengthening females resilience by training.
B. Establishing more female sporting organizations.
C. Raising public awareness of violence against women.
D. Offering more opportunities for women to take sports.
23. The author writes this passage to ______ .
A. recognize the value of female leaders
B. call for equality and respect for females
C. encourage more females to take sports
D. present the difficulties female leaders face
H
Corals are comeback creatures.As the world froze and melted and sea levels rose and fell over 30，000 years，Australia's Great Barrier Reef，which is roughly the size of Italy，died and revived five times.But now，due to human activities，corals face the most complex condition they have yet had to deal with.
According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate change，a rise in global temperatures of 1.5℃could cause coral reefs to decline 70-90%.The planet is about 1℃hotter than in the 19th century and its seas are becoming warmer，stormier and more acidic（酸性的）.This is already affecting relations between corals and the single-celled algae（海藻），which give them their color.When waters become unusually warm，algae float away，leaving reefs a ghostly white.This"bleaching"is happening five times as often as it did in the 1970s.Meanwhile the changing chemistry of the oceans makes it harder for corals to form their structures.
If corals go，divers and marine biologists are not the only people who will miss them.Reefs take up only a percent of the sea floor，but support a quarter of the planet's fish diversity.The fish that reefs shelter are especially valuable to their poorest human neighbors，many of whom depend on them as a source of protein.Roughly an eighth of the world's population lives within 100 km of a reef.Corals also protect 150，000 km of shoreline in more than 100 countries and territories from the oceans buffeting（肆虐），as well as generating billions of dollars in tourism revenue.
Coral systems must adapt if they are to survive.They need protection from local sources of harm.Their eco-systems suffer from waste from farms，building sites and blast fishing.Governments need to impose tighter rules on these industrials，such as tougher local building codes，and to put more effort into enforcing rules against overfishing.
Setting up marine protected areas could also help reefs.Locals who fear for their livelihoods could be given work as rangers with the job of looking after the reserves.Visitors to marine parks can be required to pay a special tax，like what has been done in the Caribbean.
Many reefs that have been damaged could benefit from restoration.Coral's biodiversity offers hope，because the same coral will grow differently under different conditions.Corals of the western Pacific，for example，can withstand higher temperatures than the same species in the eastern Pacific，which proves a way forward to encourage corals to grow in new spots.
24. According to the passage，what may happen to coral reefs when waters become warm？ ______
A. Floating away. B. Changing forms.
C. Turning white. D. Becoming acidic.
25. According to Paragraph 4，the governments should ______ .
A. ban people from fishing in the coral reef areas
B. reduce the number of visitors to the marine parks
C. call on volunteers to look after the marine reserves
D. carry out stricter rules on industries around the coast
26. Which of the following statements is correct according to the passage？ ______
A. Corals have experienced death and revival for five times.
B. Reefs play an important part in protecting the fish diversity.
C. Coral systems suffer from agriculture，tourism and fishing.
D. The growth of coral has nothing to do with the condition.
27. What's the main purpose of the passage？ ______
A. To attach more importance to coral reefs protection.
B. To present the significance of coral reefs to the world.
C. To expose the influence of climate change on coral reefs.
D. To appeal to governments for quick action to save coral reefs.
How to Find Your Muse Through Creative Pursuits
Have you ever heard the famous quote"Genius is 1 percent inspiration and 99 percent perspiration "？ (1) Some artists，writers，poets，musicians，and even scientists look to a muse as the source of their creativity or genius.The following tips can help you to find your muse.
Listen to music.
Songs，and music in general，can help you relax. (2) Music，specifically lyrics，can also transport you to a specific time or place and provide you with ideas to help spark your own creativity.
Write whatever comes to mind to get your creativity flowing.
You may not have any concrete ideas，but simply writing something down can help generate creative thoughts.Consider it a form of brainstorming.Remember that you can always start over or revise previous thoughts before you finish a final draft.Writing，in and of itself，can help you generate thoughts. (3) It is best if you do this type of writing by hand，because it will connect you more fully to the writing process.
(4)
Even if you stick to one type when you write，you can borrow smaller concepts，the latest trend，personality preferences，scenery ideas，and so much more from reading different types of books.Each story was probably inspired from the author's own exploration of other books or tales and things that happened to or around him in his daily lives.
Try doodling（涂鸦） or drawing to relax and stimulate your creativity.
(5) Instead，try spontaneous（自发的） activities，such as doodling or abstract drawing，as a way to be creative without the pressure that can come with creating finished art.
A.People find inspiration in all sorts of creative activities.
B.Read a lot of different stories to find creative inspiration.
C.Try free writing or journaling for 15 minutes every day.
D.Inspiration is something that comes easily for some people，but is a struggle for others.
E.The lyrics and the melodies you listen to can lighten thoughts that might weigh you down.
F.Have fun and encounter your artistic side without worrying about finding innovative ideas.
G.You can express yourself artistically without producing a professional drawing every time.
28. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
29. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
30. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
31. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
32. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
33. Is it better for our bodies to work out at certain times of the day？Scientists have known for some time that every tissue in our bodies contains a kind of biological clock that goes off in response to messages related to our daily exposure to light，food and sleep.
However，whether and how exercise timing might influence metabolic（新陈代谢的） health has been less clear，and the results of past experiments have not always agreed.A much-discussed 2019 study found that men with Type 2 diabetes（糖尿病） who completed a few minutes of high-intensity interval（间隔） sessions in the afternoon improved their blood-sugar control after two weeks.Patrick Schrauwen，a professor of nutrition and movement sciences read that 2019 study with interest.He had been studying exercise in people with Type 2 diabetes，but had not considered the possible role of timing.Now，seeing the varying impacts of the intense workouts，he wondered if the timing of workouts might similarly affect how the workouts changed people's metabolisms.
Incidentally，he and his colleagues had a ready-made source of data in their own prior experiment.Several years earlier，they had asked adult men at high risk for Type 2 diabetes to ride stationary bicycles at the lab three times a week for 12 weeks，while the researchers tracked their metabolic health.They also had noted when the riders showed up for their workouts.The researchers pulled data for the 12 men who consistently had worked out between 8 and 10 a.m.and compared them with another 20 who always exercised between 3 and 6 p.m.They found that the benefits of afternoon workouts far outweighed those of morning exercise.
He says，"This study does suggest that afternoon exercise may be more beneficial for people with disturbed metabolisms than the same exercise done earlier.The particular and most effective exercise for each of us will line up with our daily routines and exercise tendencies because exercise is good for us at any time of day—but only if we choose to keep doing it."
(1) What inspired Professor Schrauwen to consider the role of exercise timing in metabolic health？ ______
(2) What did Schrauwen's new study figure out？ ______
(3) Please decide which part is false in the following statement，then underline it and explain why.
Professor Schrauwen and his colleagues carried out the research by using newly-collected data and making comparisons between two different subject groups.
______
（4）As for exercising，what do you think is the most important？Why？（In about 40 words） ______
34. 假设你是红星中学高二学生李华。你校学生会要组织主题为"和谐地球"的绘画作品展览。请你代表学生会用英文给外籍教师史密斯先生写一封电子邮件，邀请他来参加此次展览的开幕式。内容包括：
（1）开幕式的时间、地点和流程；
（2）展览的主题和展期；
（3）展览的作品及其特点。
注意：
（4）词数100左右；
（5）开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
词汇：展览exhibition和谐地球Earth in Harmony
Dear Mr Smith，
______
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
Student Union
答案和解析
1~10.【答案】A、C、B、C、D、D、B、A、A、C
【解析】（1）考查动词及语境理解。A.drove开车；B.walked散步；C.rode骑车；D.hiked徒步旅行。根据上句At about 11 p.m.，Janet got off the train，went into her car and started driving home可知大约晚上11点，珍妮特下了火车，进入她的汽车，开始开车回家。说明她几乎自动驾驶。故答案为A。
（2）考查动词及语境理解。A.brought带来；B.went去；C.pushed推动；D.moved移动。根据上句When Janet's car had just crossed the railroad tracks，it hit another vehicle可知当珍妮特的车刚刚穿过铁轨时，撞上了另一辆车，被推回了铁轨上。故答案为C。
（3）考查动词及语境理解。A.engaged从事；B.stuck卡住；C.absorbed吸收；D.spotted发现。根据后文The driver's（7）cannot be opened due to the collision，so Andrew quickly ran to the other side and managed to open the door可知由于碰撞，司机门无法打开，因此安德鲁迅速跑到另一边，设法打开了车门。说明珍妮被卡在车里了。故答案为B。
（4）考查名词及语境理解。A.doctor医生；B.driver司机；C.firefighter消防员；D.engineer工程师。根据后文"the（10）arrived in pajamas（睡衣裤），not in a fire truck."可知"英雄穿着睡衣来了（睡衣裤），而不是在消防车里。"说明他是一名退休的消防员。故答案为C。
（5）考查名词及语境理解。A.patience耐心；B.doubt怀疑；C.exception例外；D.hesitation犹豫。根据上句Andrew，who was 69，fetched a flashlight and rushed out可知69岁的安德鲁拿起手电筒，毫不犹豫地冲了出去。without hesitation毫不犹豫。故答案为D。
（6）考查动词及语境理解。A.predicted预测；B.realized意识到；C.observed观察；D.discovered发现。根据下句Janet 's car straddling the railway tracks可知到达现场后，安德鲁环顾四周，发现珍妮特的车跨在铁轨上。故答案为D。
（7）考查名词及语境理解。A.window窗户；B.door门；C.belt腰带；D.handle把手。根据下句so Andrew quickly ran to the other side and managed to open the door可知安德鲁迅速跑到另一边，设法打开了车门。说明一边的门无法打开。故答案为B。
（8）考查副词及语境理解。A.aside一边；B.down向下；C.on在……上面；D.up向上。根据前文Injured but mostly shocked by the crash and by the airbags that popped up，she was（3）in the vehicle.可知她受了伤，但主要是被撞车和弹出的安全气囊吓到了，她被困在了车里。说明他先把安全气囊房子一边，把她救了出来。故答案为A。
（9）考查名词及语境理解。A.safety安全；B.security安全感；C.station车站；D.shelter避难所。根据上句He put the airbags（8），seized her arms，pulled her toward him across the passenger seat until finally got her out可知他把安全气囊放在一边，抓住她的胳膊，把她拉过乘客座位，直到最后把她拉出来，并尽快把她送到安全的地方。故答案为A。
（10）考查名词及语境理解。A.reporter记者；B.police警察；C.hero英雄；D.soldier士兵。根据前文He put the airbags（8），seized her arms，pulled her toward him across the passenger seat until finally got her out and walked her to （9）as soon as possible.可知他把安全气囊放在一边，抓住她的胳膊，把她拉过乘客座位，直到最后把她拉出来，并尽快把她送到安全的地方。说明他是一名救人英雄。故答案为C。
这是一篇记叙文，讲述了一个志愿者消防员深夜救人的感人故事。
完形填空题的命题趋势
解题步骤：
1.通读全文，理解大意。重视首句信息，跳过空格，浏览全文，从整体上感知全文，理解文章大意，这是解题的基础。
2.瞻前顾后，避难就易。在理解文章大意的情况下，结合各选项的意义和用法，遵循先易后难的原则，先解决那些自己有把握的问题。对少数难题，暂时跳过，或许在上文中难以判断的题在下文中就有暗示或者明显的提示，或许一个在前面不能解答的题在填出了另一空后会令你豁然开朗。
3.复读全文，解决残敌。借助已经补全的空格，对全文有了更清楚的理解，可以集中解决所遗留的少数疑难问题。
4.再次复读，弥补疏漏，全部做好后，务必要结合自己选择的答案重新阅读短文内容，确保全文文意连贯。
11.【答案】【小题1】selected
【小题2】beyond
【小题3】won
【解析】（1）考查过去分词。句意：然而，2009年入选NBA，他加盟了金州勇士队，凭借精准的投篮和不断的努力，他的表现超出了所有人的预期。此处为非谓语动词作状语，Stephen与select之间是被动关系，故用过去分词作状语。故填selected。
（2）考查介词。句意：然而，2009年入选NBA，他加盟了金州勇士队，凭借精准的投篮和不断的努力，他的表现超出了所有人的预期。beyond表示"超出"，符合句意，故填beyond。
（3）考查动词时态。句意：2015年，斯蒂芬赢得了他的第一个NBA总冠军，他带领勇士队获得了自1975年以来的第一个总冠军。时间状语为in 2015，句子用一般过去时。故填won。
本文是记叙文。本文介绍了斯蒂芬•库里被许多人认为不适合从事职业篮球生涯。然而，他用精准的投篮和不断的努力超出了所有人的预期。
做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识。
12.【答案】【小题1】buildings
【小题2】But
【小题3】praying
【解析】（1）考查可数名词的复数。句意：巴黎人喜欢这座城市的老建筑，尤其是巴黎圣母院。前面有名词所有格，所以用名词building，为可数名词，所以用名词复数泛指。故填buildings。
（2）考查连词。句意：但这座有850年历史的教堂顶部和三分之二的屋顶在4月16日被大火摧毁。前后是转折关系，所以用but连接，放在句首，所以开头字母要大写。故填But。
（3）考查现在分词。句意：巴黎人非常震惊，聚集在这座巨大的教堂周围，为数百名救火队员祈祷。空前已有谓语，该空与空前谓语无连词连接，动词pray用非谓语形式，逻辑主语Parisians与动词pray是主谓关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故填praying。
这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了巴黎圣母院发生火灾的故事。
做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识。
13.【答案】【小题1】longest
【小题2】which
【小题3】to allow
【小题4】have been using
【解析】（1）考查形容词最高级。句意：首先映入我眼帘的是壮观的清水河大桥，这是世界上最长的建在永久冻土上的桥。根据冠词"the"及名词"bridge"可知，此处需要形容词最高级作定语修饰名词。故填longest。
（2）考查非限制性定语从句。句意：一群藏羚羊正在桥下活动，一些停下来悠闲地吃草。先行词是"Tibetan antelopes "，指物，所以用关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句，作介词"of"的宾语。故填which。
（3）考查动词不定式。句意：铁路下面已经修了33条通道，让动物们在自然栖息地安全自由地活动。句中已有谓语动词"have been built"，所以此处需要非谓语动词形式，此处是作目的状语，故用动词不定式。故填to allow。
（4）考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：野生动物，比如藏羚羊，多年来一直在使用这些通道。根据时间状语for years，可知指截止到现在一直使用，所以用现在完成进行时态，主语为名词复数。故填have been using。
这是一篇记叙文。描述了在清水河大桥飞驰而过时看到的情景。
做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识。
14~16.【答案】A、D、A
【解析】（1）细节理解题。由Meals on Wheels中的For those teens who just got their licenses，here's a volunteer opportunity that will make driving worthwhile.200 million meals have been delivered so far. （对于那些刚刚拿到驾照的青少年来说，这里有一个志愿者的机会，这将使驾驶变得值得。到目前为止，已经提供了2亿份餐食）和Meals on Wheels is on a mission to meet the nutritional and social needs of the elderly. （Meals on Wheels旨在满足老年人的营养和社会需求）可知，有驾照的青少年可以加入志愿者Meals on Wheels给老人送饭。故选A项。
（2）细节理解题。由Best Buddies中的Volunteer with Best Buddies to help people with intellectual and developmental disabilities and you can make them connected with other people. （与Best Buddies一起做志愿者，帮助有智力和发育障碍的人，你可以让他们与其他人取得联系）可知，为了帮助有发育障碍的人，你可以加入Best Buddies。故选D项。
（3）目的意图题。通读全文，作者介绍了Love Zone组织和它的志愿者活动，最后一段中的Even if you can't volunteer physically，there are also tons of online volunteer opportunities available!If you want to find out more about joining a worthwhile volunteer organization，please click at www.Love Zone.org. （即使你不能亲自做志愿者，也有很多在线志愿者的机会！如果你想了解更多关于加入一个有价值的志愿者组织的信息，请点击www.LoveZone.org）可知，作者写这篇文章是为了号召更多的人去做志愿者。故选A项。
本文为应用文。作者通过介绍Love Zone组织和它提供的几个志愿者活动项目，号召更多的年轻人去做志愿者。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
17~20.【答案】D、B、A、C
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段However，Monti is more widely remembered as the first athlete to be awarded the Pierre de Coubertin Medal for sportsmanship displayed during the 1964 Winter Olympic Games.（然而，人们更广泛地记得，蒙蒂是第一位在1964年冬季奥运会上因表现出的体育精神而被授予皮埃尔•德•顾拜旦奖章的运动员。）可知，他被授予第一个顾拜旦体育精神奖章。故选D。
（2）词义猜测题。根据第二段At the 1964 Games in Innsbruck，Austria，Monti and his partner Sergio Siorpaes were the defending world champions，which made them in the two-man event.（在1964年奥地利因斯布鲁克奥运会上，蒙蒂和他的搭档塞尔吉奥•西奥帕斯是卫冕世界冠军，这使他们成为两人项目的___。）可知，因为他们是卫冕世界冠军，所以成为两人项目最有希望获胜的，由此可知，划线单词"favourites"与B项"预计将获胜的竞争对手"意思一样。A.Sportsmen who have a strong fan base拥有强大粉丝基础的运动员；B.Competitors who are expected to win有望获胜的竞争对手；C.Athletes who receive better treatments接受更好治疗的运动员；D.Players who are liked better by people人们更喜欢的球员。故选B。
（3）推理判断题。根据第三段On day two，however，a faulty axle （车轴） on the sled would have been sure to lead to their withdrawal，if it weren't for Monti offering to lend them the bolt （螺栓） from his sled.（然而，第二天，如果不是蒙蒂愿意把雪橇上的螺栓借给他们，雪橇上的轴有故障肯定会导致他们撤退。）说明蒙蒂很慷慨；以及第四段Four days later in the four-man event，Monti's selflessness towards his fellow competitors shone through for a second time when the rear axle on the Canadian team's sled was damaged.（四天后，在四人滑雪比赛中，当加拿大队雪橇的后轴受损时，蒙蒂对其他对手的无私再次显现出来。蒙蒂派意大利队的机械师去修理，结果加拿大队赢得了金牌，蒙蒂只得再拿一枚铜牌。）可知，蒙蒂非常的无私。A.Generous and selfless慷慨无私的；B.Curious and adaptable好奇适应的；C.Responsible and courageous负责勇敢的；D.Persevering and hardworking坚韧不拔的。故选A。
（4）标题归纳题。根据第一段However，Monti is more widely remembered as the first athlete to be awarded the Pierre de Coubertin Medal for sportsmanship displayed during the 1964 Winter Olympic Games.（然而，人们更广泛地记得，蒙蒂是第一位在1964年冬季奥运会上因表现出的体育精神而被授予皮皮埃尔•德•顾拜旦奖章的运动员。）以及最后一段Monti was recognised with the Pierre de Coubertin Medal for sportsmanship after the 1964 Winter Games.And four years later，at the age of 40，at the 1968 Games in Grenoble，Monti finally fulfilled his dream of being an Olympic champion.（1964年冬季奥运会后，蒙蒂被授予顾拜旦体育精神奖章。四年后，在1968年格勒诺布尔奥运会上，40岁的蒙蒂终于实现了他成为奥运冠军的梦想。）可知，尤金尼奥•蒙蒂虽然因为2次帮助雪橇出故障的对手而错失奥运金牌，但是展现了体育精神，是真正的雪橇冠军。故C.Eugenio Monti—A Real Bobsleigh Champion.（Eugenio Monti--真正的雪橇冠军。）适合做标题。故选C。
本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了出生于1928年的意大利最优秀的年轻滑雪者尤金尼奥•蒙蒂以及在1964年冬季奥运会上因表现出的体育精神而被授予皮埃尔•德•顾拜旦奖章的事迹。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
21~23.【答案】A、C、B
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段As I read about Sarah Loh's journey to becoming the first female chief executive of the Australian Football League（AFL）last week，I was encouraged by the resilience （坚韧）she showed to become a leader in her sport，but also disappointed at the unfair treatment she faced to get there.（上周，当我读到Sarah Loh成为澳大利亚足球联盟第一位女性首席执行官的历程时，我因她成为这项运动的领导者表现出的坚韧而感到备受鼓舞，但同时也对她在这里所面临的不公平待遇感到失望）可知，Sarah Loh遭受了不公平的对待，故选A。
（2）推理判断题。根据第五段In recent years，national sporting organizations across Australia have shown an increasing commitment to and engagement in the promotion of gender equality and respect to prevent violence against all women.Recognizing their own profile and influence，they have taken active steps to address the drivers of violence and inequality，including through education and awareness--raising programs such as Carlton Respects.（近年来，澳大利亚各地的国家体育组织对促进性别平等和尊重防止对所有妇女的暴力行为表现出越来越多的承诺和参与。认识到自己的形象和影响力，他们已采取积极措施，解决暴力和不平等的驱动因素，包括通过教育和提高认识的项目，如Carlto Respects。）可知，为了解决性别不平等的问题，这些机构已经通过教育和提高认识项目提高公众对暴力侵害妇女行为的认识。故选C。
（3）目的意图题。阅读全文，并根据文章第一段As I read about Sarah Loh's journey to becoming the first female chief executive of the Australian Football League（AFL）last week，I was encouraged by the resilience （坚韧）she showed to become a leader in her sport，but also disappointed at the unfair treatment she faced to get there.（上周，当我读到Sarah Loh成为澳大利亚足球联盟第一位女性首席执行官的历程时，我因她成为这项运动的领导者表现出的坚韧而感到备受鼓舞，但同时也对她在这里所面临的不公平待遇感到失望）以及最后一段While resilience is a great strength to possess as a leader，women of color，Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women or those from refugee and migrant backgrounds shouldn't be required to wear such a thick set of armor to simply work in sports.Surely respect，equality and safety for all is not too much to ask for.（虽然作为领导者，韧性是一种巨大的力量，但有色人种女性、原住民和托雷斯海峡岛民女性或难民和移民背景的女性不应该被要求穿上如此厚的盔甲来从事体育运动。当然，对所有人的尊重、平等和安全要求并不过分）可知，本文以女性领袖Sarah Loh遭受的不公平的对待为例，旨在呼吁关注包含女性在内的所有人的尊重、平等和安全。故选B。
本文是一篇说明文。文章以澳大利亚足球联盟第一位女性首席执行官Sarah Lol遭遇的不公平对待为例，就该如何消除对女性的性别歧视提出了一些已经实施的和可以实施的措施。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
24~27.【答案】C、D、B、A
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段中的When waters become unusually warm，algae float away，leaving reefs a ghostly white.（当海水变得异常温暖时，藻类会漂走，留下一片幽灵般的白色珊瑚礁。）可知，当海水变暖之后，珊瑚会变成白色，故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据第四段中的Governments need to impose tighter rules on these industrials，such as tougher local building codes，and to put more effort into enforcing rules against overfishing.（政府需要对这些行业实施更严格的规定，例如更严格的地方建筑法规，并加大力度执行禁止过度捕捞的规则。）可知，政府应该对沿海地区的工业实行更严格的规定。故选D。
（3）细节理解题。根据第一段中Australia's Great Barrier Reef，which is roughly the size of Italy，died and revived five times.（澳大利亚大堡礁的面积大致相当于意大利，但它曾5次死亡并复活。）可知，澳大利亚大堡礁曾经历过5次死亡并复活，而不是所有的珊瑚礁，选项A表述错误；根据第三段中Reefs take up only a percent of the sea floor，but support a quarter of the planet's fish diversity.（珊瑚礁只占海床的百分之一，却支撑着地球上四分之一的鱼类多样性）可知，珊瑚礁对于鱼类的多样性的保护方面有着重要的作用，选项B与文意相符；倒数第三段中Their eco-systems suffer from waste from farms，building sites and blast fishing.Governments need to impose tighter rules on these industrials，such as tougher local building codes，and to put more effort into enforcing rules against overfishing.（它们的生态系统遭受农场、建筑工地和爆破捕鱼的威胁。各国政府需要对这些行业实施更严格的规定，比如更严格的地方建筑法规，并加大力度执行禁止过度捕捞的规定）可知，珊瑚礁受到农业、工业和过度捕捞的影响，未提及旅游对珊瑚礁的影响，故选项C表述错误；最后一段中Coral's biodiversity offers hope，because the same coral will grow differently under different conditions.（珊瑚的生物多样性带来了希望，因为相同的珊瑚在不同的条件下会有不同的生长）说明珊蝴礁的生长会受到条件的影响，选项D错误。故选B。
（4）目的意图题。通读文章，并根据第一段最后一句But now，due to human activity，corals face the most complex condition they have yet had to deal with.（但现在，由于人类的活动，珊瑚面临着迄今为止最复杂的环境条件），第二段中When waters become unusually warm，algae float away，leaving reefs a ghostly white.This"bleaching"is happening five times as often as it did in the 1970s.Meanwhile the changing chemistry of the oceans makes it harder for corals to form their structures.（当海水变得异常温暖时，藻类会漂走，留下一片幽灵般的白色珊瑚礁。这种"变白"的发生频率是20世纪70年代的五倍。同时，海洋化学成分的变化使珊瑚更难形成结构），第四段中Their eco-systems suffer from waste from farms，building sites and blast fishing.Governments need to impose tighter rules on these industrials（它们的生态系统受到农场、建筑工地和爆破捕鱼的污染。政府需要对这些行业实施更严格的规则）以及倒数第二段第一句Setting up marine protected areas could also help reefs.（建立海洋保护区也有助于珊瑚礁）可知，文章主要介绍了珊蝴礁面临的复杂环境，建议对其采取一些保护措施。由此推知，这篇文章的主要目的是让人们更加重视对珊瑚礁保护。故选A。
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了珊蝴礁面临的复杂环境，建议对其采取一些保护措施。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
28~32.【答案】D、E、C、B、G
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据前句Have you ever heard the famous quote"Genius is 1 percent inspiration and 99 percent perspiration "（你听过著名的名言"天才是百分之一的灵感和百分之九十九的汗水"吗）；以及后句Some artists，writers，poets，musicians，and even scientists look to a muse as the source of their creativity or genius（一些艺术家、作家、诗人、音乐家，甚至科学家都将缪斯视为他们创造力或天才的源泉），可知表示"灵感对某些人来说很容易得到，但对另一些人来说却是一很难的事"的选项D可以起到承上启下的作用，故选D。
（2）推理判断题。根据后句Music，specifically lyrics，can also transport you to a specific time or place and provide you with ideas to help spark your own creativity（音乐，特别是歌词，也可以把你带到一个特定的时间或地点，并为你提供灵感，帮助激发你自己的创造力），可知表示"你听的歌词和旋律可以减轻可能会让你心情沉重的想法"的选项E符合前后的语境，Music，specifically lyrics，can also和The lyrics and the melodies是关键词，故选E。
（3）推理判断题。根据后句It is best if you do this type of writing by hand，because it will connect you more fully to the writing process（最好是用手书写，因为它会让你更充分地参与写作过程），可知表示"尝试每天15分钟的自由写作或日记"的选项C符合前后的语境，this type of writing和free writing or journaling是关键词，故选C。
（4）主题判断题。根据后句Even if you stick to one type when you write，you can borrow smaller concepts，the latest trend，personality preferences，scenery ideas，and so much more from reading different types of books（即使你在写作时坚持一种类型，你也可以从阅读不同类型的书中借用更小的概念、最新趋势、个性偏好、风景理念等），可知表示"阅读大量不同的故事，寻找创作灵感"的选项B符合本段的主题，stick to one type和a lot of different stories是关键词，故选B。
（5）推理判断题。根据后句Instead，try spontaneous（自发的） activities，such as doodling or abstract drawing，as a way to be creative without the pressure that can come with creating finished art（相反，尝试自发的活动，如涂鸦或抽象绘画，作为一种没有压力的创作方式），可知表示"你可以随意地表达自己，而不必每次都画一幅专业的画"的选项G符合前后的语境，doodling or abstract drawing和a professional drawing是关键词，故选G。
本文是一篇说明文。作者介绍了找到创作灵感的方法。
这是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子。解题时，要注意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词），选出最符合语境的句子。
33.【答案】【小题1】The 2019 study
【小题2】For some people，it is better to work out in the afternoon.
【小题3】According to the passage，Professor Schrauwen and his colleagues didn't collect any new data to do the research.They made use of the ready-made source of data from their own prior experiment.
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段中…read that 2019 study with interest.He had been studying exercise in people with Type 2 diabetes，but had not considered the possible role of timing.帕特里克施劳文饶有兴趣地阅读了2019年的这项研究。他一直在研究2型糖尿病患者的运动，但没有考虑到运动时间的可能作用。可知，是2019年的这项研究促使施劳文教授进行这项与锻炼时间有关的研究。故答案为：The 2019 study.
（2）细节理解题。根据最后一段中This study does suggest that afternoon exercise may be more beneficial for people with disturbed metabolisms…这项研究确实表明，对于代谢紊乱的人来说，下午锻炼可能比之前做同样的锻炼更有益。可知，对有些人来说，下午锻炼比较好。故答案为：For some people，it is better to work out in the afternoon.
（3）细节理解题。根据第三段中The researchers pulled data for the 12 men…and compared them with another 20 ..可知，他们对两组不同的受试者进行了比较。根据第三段中…he and his colleagues had a ready-made source of data in their own prior experiment.可知，他和他的同事们在他们之前的实验中有现成的数据来源。所以by using the newly-collected data是错误的，该画下划线理解为：According to the passage，Professor Schrauwen and his colleagues didn't collect any new data to do the research.They made use of the ready-made source of data from their own prior experiment.
（4）观点陈述题。本题为开放性的题目，言之有理即可。故答案为：I think it is important to choose the time for exercise，because everyone's physical condition and living habits are different，and then the most effective exercise time for themselves is also different.
本文是一篇说明文。文章通过研究两个患有糖尿病的男性在不同的运动时间下其新陈代谢的不同，来说明运动时间选择的重要性以及它对我们新陈代谢健康的影响，进一步说明我们应该适当的选好适合自己的锻炼时间，来改善身体状况。
考查阅读表达。做题时要通读全文，把握大意，然后结合问题及原文内容按要求完成。
34.【答案】Dear Mr.Smith，
It is my honor to invite you to participate in the opening ceremony of an art exhibition with the theme of "Earth in Harmony"，which will be held by our school at the auditorium next Saturday afternoon，from 2 pm to 5 pm.【高分句型一】（开幕式的时间、地点和流程）
Our ceremony will consist of three procedures our headmaster's announcement of the beginning，a speech to introduce the show and students' performances to celebrate. 【高分句型二】The exhibition will last for a whole week. （展览的主题和展期）You can enjoy various paintings from cartoon to traditional Chinese painting.They are all related to the harmony relationship between human and nature.（展览的作品及其特点）
Hope you are willing to join!（希望）
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
Student Union
【解析】高分句型一：It is my honor to invite you to participate in the opening ceremony of an art exhibition with the theme of "Earth in Harmony"，which will be held by our school at the auditorium next Saturday afternoon，from 2 pm to 5 pm.
译文：我很荣幸邀请您参加我们学校将于下周六下午2时至5时在礼堂举行的主题为"和谐地球"的艺术展览开幕式。
分析：这句话使用了it作为形式主语，不定式内容to invite you to participate in the opening ceremony of an art exhibition with the theme of "Earth in Harmony"是真正的主语，which引导的非限制性定语从句。
高分句型二：Our ceremony will consist of three procedures our headmaster's announcement of the beginning，a speech to introduce the show and students' performances to celebrate.
译文：我们的典礼将包括三个步骤：校长宣布开始，演讲介绍表演，学生表演庆祝。
分析：这句话使用了不定式内容to introduce the show and students' performances to celebrate作目的状语。
这是一篇提纲类作文，需要写的内容已经给出，但是写作时不要仅仅对要点进行生硬的翻译，而是要添加些内容，使文章看起来更充实，要组成一篇通顺连贯的短文，一定要谈谈自己的看法。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。同时注意要求的字数，不要太多也不要太少。
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