2022-2023学年吉林省长春八中高二（上）期末英语试卷（含答案解析）

这是一份2022-2023学年吉林省长春八中高二（上）期末英语试卷（含答案解析），共19页。
2022-2023学年吉林省长春八中高二（上）期末英语试卷

A
Costa Rica is a Central American country.It's a great country to travel around and explore!Call our Costa Rica Project Consultant （顾问）， Karen Herring，for free advice on which volunteer project would be best for you. +44 （0）1903 502595.
Conservation （保护），Care and Release in Esparza
Work with a project launched by a zoological park and nonprofit organization.
You'll be able to help with various kinds of work to protect these wonderful animals.
Care for Children in Kindergartens and Care Centers in Heredia
Teach and take care of children in kindergartens and care centers.You'll care for children ranging from 2 to 5 years old.The activities are mainly based on basic English lessons and playing educational games.Apart from general caring，you can also be involved in teaching them the alphabet，colors，names of animals，etc.
Teach English and Other Subjects to Children in Schools
Teach in a few schools around Heredia and Alajuela close to the capital of San Jose or at a beach town along the Pacific Coast.You can help with English，Drama，Sport，Maths or Music，particularly if you have an interest in one of these areas.You' ll act as an assistant to the regular English teacher.
Your Bucket list for Costa Rica：
Zip line （飞索） over the Cloud Forest
See the Stone Spheres
Hike to Arenal Volcano or Poas Volcano on a clear day
Eat delicious Costa Rican desserts
Walk through the streets of San Jose
Book a Coffee Tour
Visit the National Theatre and Gold Museum in San Jose
*Explore as many National Parks as possible
*Travel to Cocos Island，a World Heritage （遗产） Site
Celebrate the Pura Vida Life
1. If you like animals，which of the following can you take part in the project in？ ______
A. Heredia. B. Alajuela. C. Esparza. D. San Jose.
2. What do volunteers who want to work in care centers in Heredia have to do？ ______
A. Know skills in sports. B. Get along well with teenagers.
C. Help care for animals. D. Be good at English.
3. Why does the author write this text？ ______
A. To introduce some projects in Costa Rica.
B. To attract more visitors to Costa Rica.
C. To show us different places in Costa Rica.
D. To tell us what to do to help the children in Costa Rica.
B
Contrary to popular belief，looking at someone's face alone is not enough to tell us whether they are shouting in celebration or screaming in frustration，researchers claimed.While people may believe they have the ability to read each other 's faces，body language is the real clue that shows whether the strong emotions someone is feeling are positive or negative.
In one study，groups of participants were shown a series of facial expressions-such as tennis players photographed just after winning or losing a point.
In some cases the volunteers were able to see the player' s full body，but in others they were only shown either their face or their body with the other removed.
Participants could clearly tell whether the players were winning or losing when shown the full picture or just the body，but their guesses were when based on the face alone.
Those who were allowed to see the full image were convinced that they had made their judgment based on the players' facial expressions even though results from the two other groups suggested otherwise.
The researchers carried out a second study where volunteers were shown a wider range of faces showing emotions including joy，pleasure，victory，pain and defeat.
Using photo editing software，the researchers attached the faces to bodies expressing the opposite emotions and asked participants to act out the emotions they saw in the photos.
The resulting poses（姿势） were like the body poses in the photographs but not the facial expressions，which means that people base their understanding of strong emotions on the body instead of the face.
Dr.Aviezer，who led the study，said， " These results show that when emotions become extremely intense，the difference between positive and negative facial expressions becomes unclear.The results may help researchers understand how the body interacts during emotional situations. "
4. Nowadays，what do most people tend to believe？ ______
A. Someone's body language has an effect on his feeling.
B. Reading someone's face alone cannot tell us his feeling.
C. Someone's body language is the only clue to his feeling.
D. Someone's feeling can be read by his facial expressions alone.
5. In the first study，how many kinds of photos were shown to participants？ ______
A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. Four.
6. What does the underlined phrase mean according to the passage？ ______
A. Not clear. B. Always perfect.
C. Almost not correct. D. Quite different.
7. What's the main idea of the passage？ ______
A. Facial expressions can reflect the emotions clearly.
B. Body language rather than facial expressions is the window of the soul.
C. Researchers link emotions to body language instead of eyes.
D. Two studies focus on the link between body language and facial expressions.
C
We truly are what we eat -and what our ancestors ate.Food has changed who we are and how we developed for hundreds of thousands of years.From processing to preserving to cooking，what humans did and continued to do to food played a big role in shaping our evolution. "Processed food isn't just a modern invention，created in factories from artificial ingredients.It is as old as humanity itself and may have helped create our species，"wrote Nicola Temple，author of "Best Before：The Evolution and Future of Processed Food，"for the BBC.
Although processing is viewed negatively nowadays，it was important to our development as a species.Processing doesn't necessarily mean adding chemicals - it also includes pounding（捣碎） or slicing or changing the food in any way before eating.Compared to our ancestors，modern human teeth，jaws and faces have gotten smaller relative to overall skull （头骨） size because of making food easier to chew，especially from cooking.
Cooking food was one of the biggest changes in human history.Researchers believe it could have occurred between 1.8 million and 400，000 years ago，Harvard professor Richard Wrangham said，according to "National Geographic. "Cooking increases the energy and nutrients we get from food.Without cooking，an average person would have to eat around 5 kilos of raw food to survive — and we 'd have to spend most of the day chewing.
Also，up to 50 percent of women who only eat raw foods develop a condition that signals that the body cannot support a pregnancy -a major problem from an evolutionary angle，according to "Scientific American."Processing food led to a huge gain in free time.The less time people spent chewing，the more time they had to develop complex spoken language.
Cooking food also breaks down its cells，so our stomachs need to work less to absorb the nutrients our bodies require，which，said Professor Peter Wheeler from Liverpool John Moores University，UK， "freed up energy that could then be used to power a larger brain.The increase in brain size mirrors the reduction in the size of the gut （肠道） ." Processed food literally shaped us as a species and made us human - the only species on Earth who can cook.
8. What is the author's view about food processing？ ______
A. Positive. B. Negative. C. Neutral. D. Unclear.
9. What result can cooking bring to people？ ______
A. Making people gain more weight.
B. Making people burn more energy.
C. Making people chew for more time.
D. Making people save time when chewing.
10. Which of the following is the advantage of cooking for women？ ______
A. They can have babies more easily.
B. They can learn new languages.
C. They spend less time in processing food.
D. They have more time to do what they like.
11. What is the best title for the text？ ______
A. Whether we should process food. B. Food and human evolution.
C. The benefits of cooking food. D. The way we cook food changes.
D
When you look through Facebook，you can see posts about simple stretches to make the back pain less，how to make apple pie，and how to be single and happy.Or if you go on Youtube，you can find fashion experts talking about makeup tips，or Youtubers teaching playing the guitar.But those stretching exercises，the way to make apple pie，how to be happy being single，how to make up，and how to play the guitar better are things that most people never master doing at the end.
Technology has brought a surplus（过剩） of information to the world，but it hasn't made people smarter.On average，people spend 50 minutes per day on Facebook alone.Being exposed to this surplus information is not the same as internalizing （内在化） the information really，so it doesn't make people better at thinking，understanding and learning.
Today，the quality of the knowledge is sacrificed for quantity.There's between the information we access and the information that we use.The chase（追求） for more information is exciting too.The desire to keep up sends most people looking through Facebook on a frequent basis.People are troubled by the fear of missing out.Most are up to date on impressive stories，and are sharing like mad on Facebook and WhatsApp，but convenient access to knowledge is no replacement for deep learning through effort and concentration.Only very little of the easily accessed information have people really applied in their lives.
While it 'd be perfect to absorb and apply 100% of the information，it 's not quite possible.If you want to hang onto information for a long time，you'll need to be selective about what you choose to absorb.
Get a brain filter （过滤器） .Looking through the Internet is a passive form of knowledge acquisition（知识的获得）.The amount of information that you can access is always going to be more than you can process.To focus on the information you take in，remove the information that doesn't make you become better than before.What must you learn to be successful？Taking this simple step enables you to pass over unrelated information.
Knowledge isn't useful until you can apply it.If you are trying to learn a new skill，you'll have to do the things that you've read about in your research.Until you've made many attempts to master the skitrick you saw on Youtube，you haven't internalized it.When you can land the trick without thinking or recall information without struggling，it is yours.True learning is not always easy.You'll experience struggles as you deal with new challenges and go through the Digital Age.
12. Why doesn't exposure to the surplus information make people smarter？ ______
A. Because people take in some useless information.
B. Because people ignore the real value of information.
C. Because people don 't master the information truly.
D. Because people have no ability to select useful information.
13. What does the underlined word "disequilibrium" mean？ ______
A. Division. B. Link. C. Comparison. D. Imbalance.
14. What do you know about the brain filter？ ______
A. It will help you update the information.
B. It will make the brain absorb more information.
C. Its purpose is to filter out information that won't improve you.
D. It can bring some unrelated information to the brain.
15. What does the example of skiing in Para.6 suggest？ ______
A. Information should be taken into the real world and be applied.
B. Knowledge is only meant to be known，not be applied .
C. Information absorption differs from practical application.
D. Most people have never learned how to learn properly.
There are so many more uses for lemons than just being a sweetener for your water （ although there are some great health benefits of lemon water）.The beloved fruit can act as a cleaning solution，a beauty fix，and even a teeth whitening solution. (1) ？
By just breathing in the smell of a lemon， (2) .Some of these include reduced anxiety levels and stress，an overall calming feeling，increased alertness （警觉）， reduction of blood pressure，and increased productivity.
"The 'health benefits' that everyone are talking about is actually just the effect of aromatherapy （芳香疗法）， "Diane Elizabeth，founder of Skin Care Ox，told "Reader 's Digest ". "The idea is that if you place slices of a lemon next to your bed， (3) .Lemon has been used as a powerful aromatherapy basic oil for ages and they have been considered to be related to such benefits as increased concentration，reduced stress levels （most likely the result of increased serotonin （血清素） production），and a comforting effect on the breathing system. "
While most of the benefits of sleeping with a cut lemon next to you are healthrelated， (4) .One of them is keeping ants away-if you have an ant problem，simply put the cut lemon's juice near or around any possible entry.
Lemons also act as natural air fresheners-so while that lemon is near your bed (5) ， freshening the air around you and providing natural aromatherapy.

A.it's playing double duty.
B.there's a couple of other benefits，too.
C.How can lemons have so many benefits.
D.your body experiences most of its beneficial purposes.
E.then you will breathe in the slight smell of lemons at night.
F.Have we not succeeded in convincing you that you need more lemons in your life.
G.But did you know that sleeping next to a cut lemon can get some of these benefits as well.
16.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
It was Christmas Eve.Arriving home，I was greeted with a lot of unattractive mail，which (21)an otherwise neat dining room table set(22) the evening meal.The first letter was an unexpected bill，and then there was the(23) of a parking fine （罚金） to pay.I was feeling pretty (24) at this stage.
Then，from the pile，I noticed a smaller，distinctive envelope and immediately I was(25) .I opened it quickly and a pretty Christmas card slid out.To my (26)， it was from my threeyearold son.It says， "Merry Christmas!Daddy，you are always the best!I love you!"I was (27) to tears.What's more，I later found out that the card had been (28) prayerfully（虔诚地） for several weeks before Christmas.And it reached my hand at the (29) time.I knew my son wrote this card with my wife's (30)， but it was just what he really felt.It is a small gift but the small thing (31) love.It has really improved our family (32) .
The small gift costs only a little money and time (33) many of us forget to do it or are(34) to do it.Why not？Not only are family members (35) by the words in cards，but also the family relationship becomes more harmonious.Small gifts prove to be of great significance for inspiring people to march on their journeys in life.
21.  A. added to B. belonged to C. made up D. messed up
22.  A. after B. for C. under D. without
23.  A. advertisement B. picture C. reminder D. sign
24.  A. upset B. good C. calm D. embarrassed
25.  A. mad B. worried C. curious D. frightened
26.  A. disappointment B. regret C. satisfaction D. surprise
27.  A. moved B. troubled C. impressed D. hurt
28.  A. translated B. kept C. known D. studied
29.  A. wrong B. same C. right D. first
30.  A. permission B. inspection C. care D. assistance
31.  A. requires B. deserves C. communicates D. gains
32.  A. size B. time C. income D. relationship
33.  A. so B. but C. and D. though
34.  A. unwilling B. afraid C. glad D. ready
35.  A. informed B. encouraged C. warned D. instructed
36. A herd（兽群） of 14 wild Asian elephants（1）______（ wander） around in Southwest China's Yunnan province is approaching their traditional habitat.
At about 8 pm on August 8，these elephants crossed the Yuanjiang River with artificial guidance，according to the headquarters （总部） in charge of observing their migration.
The herd could not have crossed the Yuanjiang River without help as the water level rises in the rainy season.More efforts will be made （2）______（ ensure） the security of the herd on their way back，according to the headquarters.
It （3）______（ be） around 17 months since the herd left their （4）______（ origin） habitat in a nature reserve in Yunnan's Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture.
Wild Asian elephants，a species in （5）______ rainforest，are under Alevel state （6）______（protect） in China.They mainly feed （7）______ understory （下层） plants such as wild bananas.They can （8）______（ replace） by numerous nonedible woody plants （9）______（ gradual） that facilitate forest expansion，said Xiang Ruwu，a wildlife official with the local bureau of forestry.Thanks to stronger environmental and wildlife conservation efforts，they have paved the way for saving the wild elephants，（ 10）______population in the country has grown to about 300 so far.
37. 假定你是李华，得知你校交换生Jack在寻找一名汉语学习搭档（ Chinese study partner）。请你给他写一封应征信，内容包括：
（1）写信目的；
（2）个人简介（性格优点、语言优势等）；
（3）期待回复。
注意：
（1）写作词数应为80左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Dear Jack，
      Yours，
Li Hua
38. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
I went out to have lunch this morning to meet an old friend.We made a date in a small and peaceful restaurant.We hadn't seen each other for some time.So I was looking forward to it,and thought it would be a lovely lunch and a wonderful conversation.I dressed myself in my favorite dress and did my hair up.Everything seemed perfect.
When my old friend and I were seated,we first ordered our meal.But there seemed to be something wrong with the lady who took our order.Her expression was horrible and she said rudely,"What's your order？" "A dish of fish and some rice"，I told her our order in a gentle voice.She took my order and gave me the same unfriendly attitude as she had given to others.
The woman's bad attitude made me uncomfortable.Considering that I didn't want anything to destroy the happy moods that we had,I didn't say anything else.
As my friend and I were having our meal and talking about the things that happened before,my mind didn't focus on our talking.I just noticed the lady's behaviors to other customers.She was not in a good mood and she got into a fight with a customer but I didn't know why.
When it came to my turn to approach her,I thought to myself,"What can I do here to make her mood changed and make her smile？" And I didn't want her attitude to spoil the whole warm atmosphere in this small peaceful restaurant.
Surely there must be something I could sincerely compliment（赞扬）her on.Then there it was and I knew instantly.I said to her, "Madam,I don't know what made you so unhappy,but I know that you must have the most incredibly well spoken and clear voice.It is so good.Like incredibly good." That was what I could compliment her on.
Paragraph 1：
When she heard what I had said,her whole face lit up._______.
Paragraph 2：
I went back to my seat and I noticed the lady's whole attitude changed._______.
答案和解析

1~3.【答案】C、D、A
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据Conservation （保护），Care and Release in Esparza部分You'll be able to help with various kinds of work to protect these wonderful animals.（你将能够帮助各种各样的工作来保护这些奇妙的动物。）可知如果你喜欢动物，你可以参加Esparza。故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据Care for Children in Kindergartens and Care Centers in Heredia部分You'll care for children ranging from 2 to 5 years old.The activities are mainly based on basic English lessons and playing educational games.（您将照顾2至5岁的儿童。这些活动主要基于基础英语课程和教育游戏。）可知希望在赫雷迪亚护理中心工作的志愿者需要擅长英语。故选D。
（3）目的意图题。根据第一段Costa Rica is a Central American country.It's a great country to travel around and explore!Call our Costa Rica Project Consultant （ 顾问），Karen Herring，for free advice on which volunteer project would be best for you.（哥斯达黎加是一个中美洲国家。它是一个到处旅行和探索的好国家！请致电我们的哥斯达黎加项目顾问Karen Herring，免费咨询哪个志愿者项目最适合您）可知作者写这篇文章是为了介绍哥斯达黎加的一些项目。故选A。
本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了哥斯达黎加的一些项目。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。

4~7.【答案】D、B、A、B
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段第一句Contrary to popular belief，looking at someone's face alone is not enough to tell us whether they are shouting in celebration or screaming in frustration，researchers claimed.（研究人员称，与普遍看法相反，仅仅看一个人的脸不足以告诉我们他们是在庆祝还是在沮丧地尖叫。）可知，目前人们普遍认为看人们的面部表情就可以知道他们的心情。故选D。
（2）细节理解题。根据第三段 In some cases the volunteers were able to see the player' s full body，but in others they were only shown either their face or their body with the other removed.（在某些情况下，志愿者能够看到运动员的全身，但在另一些情况下，他们只能看到运动员的脸或身体，而另一方则被移除。）可知，在第一项研究中，研究人员向参与者展示了两种照片，一种是能够看到运动员的全身的照片，另一种是只能看到运动员的脸或身体的照片。故选B。
（3）细节理解题。根据第四段Participants could clearly tell whether the players were winning or losing when shown the full picture or just the body，but their guesses were         when based on the face alone.（当参与者看到完整的照片或只是身体时，他们可以清楚地判断出运动员是赢还是输，但如果只看脸，他们的猜测并不比随机猜测好。）可知，此处意为"他们的猜测并不比随机猜测好"。A.Not clear.不清楚；B.Always perfect.总是完美的；C.Almost not correct.几乎不正确；D.Quite different.很不一样。分析可知，划线部分no better than chance意为"不清楚"，与上文中的clearly相对应。故选A。
（4）主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合第一段Contrary to popular belief，looking at someone's face alone is not enough to tell us whether they are shouting in celebration or screaming in frustration，researchers claimed.While people may believe they have the ability to read each other 's faces，body  language is the real clue that shows whether the strong emotions someone is feeling are positive or negative.（研究人员称，与普遍看法相反，仅仅看一个人的脸不足以告诉我们他们是在庆祝还是在沮丧地尖叫。虽然人们可能认为他们有能力读懂对方的脸，但肢体语言才是真正的线索，它能显示出一个人的强烈情绪是积极的还是消极的。）可知，本文主要告诉我们：通过观察别人的脸，人们并不能完全读懂他们的心情，但如果通过肢体语言，人们却更加清晰地知道别人在想什么。也就是说，肢体语言才是心灵的窗口，而不是面部表情。故选B。
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是一项最新的研究：通过观察别人的脸，人们并不能完全读懂他们的心情，但如果通过肢体语言，人们却更加清晰地知道别人在想什么。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。

8~11.【答案】A、D、A、B
【解析】（1）观点态度题。根据文章第一段"Processed food isn't just a modern invention，created  in factories from artificial ingredients.It is as old as humanity itself and may have helped create our species，"wrote Nicola Temple，author of "Best Before：The Evolution and Future of Processed Food，"for the BBC.（"加工食品不仅仅是一项现代发明，是在工厂里用人造原料制造出来的。它和人类本身一样古老，可能有助于创造我们的物种，"尼古拉•坦普尔写道，他是BBC《以前最好：加工食品的进化和未来》的作者。）可知作者对食品加工的看法是积极的。A.Positive.积极的；B.Negative.消极的；C.Neutral.中立的；D.Unclear.不清楚的。故选A。
（2）推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段Processing food led to a huge gain in free time.The less time people spent chewing，the more time they had to develop complex spoken language.（加工食物导致了空闲时间的大量增加。人们咀嚼的时间越少，他们发展复杂口语的时间就越多。）可知烹饪使人们在咀嚼时节省时间。故选D。
（3）推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段 Also，up to 50 percent of women who only eat raw foods develop a condition that signals that the body cannot support a pregnancy -a major problem from an evolutionary angle，according to "Scientific American."（此外，根据《科学美国人》的说法，多达50%只吃生食的女性出现了身体无法支持怀孕的信号 ---从进化的角度来看，这是一个主要问题）可知做饭对女性的好处是更容易生孩子。故选A。
（4）标题归纳题。根据文章第一段"Processed food isn't just a modern invention，created  in factories from artificial ingredients.It is as old as humanity itself and may have helped create our species，"wrote Nicola Temple，author of "Best Before：The Evolution and Future of Processed Food，"for the BBC.（"加工食品不仅仅是一项现代发明，是在工厂里用人造原料制造出来的。它和人类本身一样古老，可能有助于创造我们的物种，"尼古拉•坦普尔写道，他是BBC《以前最好：加工食品的进化和未来》的作者。）可知本文主要讲述了食物和人类进化之间的关系。因此B.Food and human evolution.
（食物和人类进化）是本文的最佳标题。故选B。
本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了食物和人类进化之间的关系。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
　　阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
　　首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
　　在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
　　猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。

12~15.【答案】C、D、C、A
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第一段的But those stretching exercises，the way to make apple pie，how to be happy being single，how to make up，and how to play the guitar better are things that most people never master doing at the end.（但是那些伸展运动，做苹果派的方法，单身时如何快乐起来，如何化妆，以及如何更好地弹吉他，这些事情大多数人到最后都没有掌握。）和第二段中的Being exposed to this surplus information is not the same as internalizing （内在化） the information really，so it doesn't make people better at thinking，understanding and learning.（接触这些多余的信息并不等同于内化这些信息，所以这并不能让人们更好地思考、理解和学习。）可知，接触多余的信息不能让人更聪明是因为人们并没有真正掌握信息。故选C。
（2）词句猜测题。根据第三段最后一句Only very little of the easily accessed information have people really applied in their lives.（在这些容易获取的信息中，只有很少一部分真正被人们应用到生活中。）并结合划线词所在句子There's         between the information we access and the information that we use.（我们获取的信息和我们使用的信息之间存在disequilibrium。）可知，划线词disequilibrium的意思是"不平衡"。结合选项A.Division.分开；B.Link.联系；C.Comparison.比较；D.Imbalance.不平衡。故选D。
（3）细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的The amount of information that you can access is always going to be more than you can process.To focus on the information you take in，remove the information that doesn't make you become better than before.（你能获取的信息量总是大于你能处理的信息量。要专注于你吸收的信息，删除那些不能让你变得比以前更好的信息。）可知，大脑过滤器的目的是过滤掉不能帮助你提高的信息。故选C。
（4）推理判断题。根据最后一段中的Knowledge isn't useful until you can apply it.If you are trying to learn a new skill，you'll have to do the things that you've read about in your research.Until you've made many attempts to master the ski-trick you saw on Youtube，you haven't internalized it.（知识只有能应用才有用。如果你想学习一项新技能，你必须做你在研究中读到的事情。除非你多次尝试掌握你在Youtube上看到的滑雪技巧，否则你还没有内化它。）可推断出，第六段中滑雪的例子说明了信息应该被带入现实世界并加以应用。故选A。
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是在当今的信息时代，你获得了大量的信息，但这并不等于你掌握了相关技能，将知识内化为自己的东西还需要你坚持练习。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。

16~20.【答案】G、D、E、B、A
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第三段的第一句While most of the benefits of sleeping with a cut lemon next to you are health-related，       （4）       .（尽管睡觉时旁边放个切开的柠檬的好处大都和健康有关……）和最后一段Lemons also act as natural air fresheners—so while that lemon is near your bed        （5）       ，freshening the air around you and providing natural aromatherapy.（柠檬还可以作为天然的空气清新剂，所以当柠檬靠近你的床时，……可以清新你周围的空气，并提供天然的芳香疗法）可知，本文的主要内容说的是将切开的柠檬放在床边会对人的身心健康和周围的环境有很好的作用。所以将G项"But did you know that sleeping next to a cut lemon can get some of these benefits as well（但你知道睡在切开的柠檬旁边也能获得这些好处吗？）"符合语境。故选G项。
（2）细节理解题。根据空格前By just breathing in the smell of a lemon（通过呼吸柠檬的气味）和空格后Some of these include reduced anxiety levels and stress，an overall calming feeling，increased alertness （警觉），reduction of blood pressure，and increased productivity.（其中包括降低焦虑水平和压力，整体平静的感觉，提高警觉性，降低血压，提高生产力）可知，空格处的句子应该说的是呼吸柠檬气味对人的健康的好处。所以将D项"your body experiences most of its beneficial purposes（你的身体就能体验到大部分有益的功能）"符合语境。故选D项。
（3）推理判断题。根据空格前if you place slices of a lemon next to your bed（如果你把柠檬片放在床边）可知，空格处的内容肯定是说把柠檬放在床边的好处，所以将E项"then you will breathe in the slight smell of lemons at night（那么晚上你就会呼吸到柠檬的轻微气味）"符合语境。故选E项。
（4）推理判断题。根据空格前While most of the benefits of sleeping with a cut lemon next to you are health-related（尽管睡觉时旁边放个切开的柠檬的好处大都和健康有关）和空格后One of them is keeping ants away—if you have an ant problem，simply put the cut lemon's juice near or around any possible entry.（其中之一是驱走蚂蚁——如果你有蚂蚁问题，只需把切好的柠檬的汁放在任何可能的入口附近或周围）可知，空格处的句子应该说柠檬对健康以外的作用，所以将B项"there's a couple of other benefits，too（但还有其他一些好处）"符合语境。故选B项。
（5）推理判断题。空格后freshening the air around you and providing natural aromatherapy（清新你周围的空气，并提供天然的芳香疗法）说的是柠檬的两个方面的作用，A项"it's playing double duty（它有双重作用）"符合语境。故选A项。
本文是一篇说明文。将切开的柠檬放在床边会对人的身心健康和周围的环境有很好的好处。
七选五阅读是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子。解题时，要注意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词），选出最符合语境的句子。

21~35.【答案】D、B、C、A、C、D、A、B、C、D、C、D、B、A、B
【解析】（1）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.added to增加；B.belonged to属于；C.made up化妆，编造，组成；D.messed up搞乱。根据下文"an otherwise neat dining room table"可知，此处指把原本整洁的餐厅餐桌弄得乱七八糟。故选D。
（2）考查介词及语境理解。A.after在……之后；B.for为了；C.under在……下面；D.without没有。根据下文"the evening meal"可知，此处指为晚餐准备好的餐桌。set for sth.意为"为……做准备"。故选B。
（3）考查名词及语境理解。A.advertisement广告；B.picture图片；C.reminder提醒；D.sign标记。根据常识可知，此处指停车罚款的提醒。故选C。
（4）考查形容词及语境理解。A.upset沮丧的；B.good好的；C.calm冷静的；D.embarrassed尴尬的。根据上文"a lot of unattractive mail"、"an unexpected bill以及"a parking fine（罚金） to pay"可知，作者收到这么多毫无吸引力的邮件，肯定会感到沮丧不安。故选A。
（5）考查形容词及语境理解。A.mad疯的；B.worried担忧的；C.curious好奇的；D.frightened害怕的。根据上文"a smaller，distinctive envelope"可知，这个与众不同的信封让作者感到好奇。故选C。
（6）考查名词及语境理解。A.disappointment失望；B.regret遗憾；C.satisfaction满意；D.surprise惊讶。根据下文"it was from my three-year-old son"可知，这封信是作者三岁的儿子寄来的，所以肯定很惊讶。故选D。
（7）考查形容词及语境理解。A.moved感动的；B.troubled担忧的；C.impressed印象深刻的；D.hurt受伤害的。根据上文"Merry Christmas!Daddy，you are always the best!I love you!"以及常识可知，作者肯定感动得热泪盈眶。故选A。
（8）考查动词及语境理解。A.translated翻译；B.kept保留，保存；C.known知道；D.studied研究。根据下文"And it reached my hand at the         time."可知，作者发现这张卡片在圣诞节前已经被虔诚地保存了好几个星期。故选B。
（9）考查形容词及语境理解。A.wrong错误的；B.same相同的；C.right合适的；D.first第一个。根据上文"It was Christmas Eve."可知，这张卡片在正确的时间到达了作者手中。故选C。
（10）考查名词及语境理解。A.permission许可；B.inspection检查；C.care照顾；D.assistance帮助。根据常识可知，三岁的儿子肯定是在妈妈的帮助下写了这张卡片。故选D。
（11）考查动词及语境理解。A.requires需要；B.deserves值得；C.communicates交流，传达；D.gains收获。根据下文"Not only are family members         by the words in cards，but also the family relationship becomes more harmonious."可知，这份小小的礼物传达着爱。故选C。
（12）考查名词及语境理解。A.size尺寸；B.time时间；C.income收入；D.relationship关系。根据下文"Not only are family members         by the words in cards，but also the family relationship becomes more harmonious."可知，这张卡片改善了作者的家庭关系。故选D。
（13）考查连词及语境理解。A.so因此；B.but但是；C.and而且；D.though尽管，然而。根据上文"The small gift costs only a little money and time"以及空后"Why not？"可知，我们中的许多人忘记了做或不愿意做，所以上下文是转折关系。故选B。
（14）考查形容词及语境理解。A.unwilling不愿意的；B.afraid害怕的；C.glad高兴的；D.ready准备好的。根据上文"forget to do it"下文"Why not？"可知，我们中的许多人忘记了做或不愿意做。故选A。
（15）考查动词及语境理解。A.informed告知；B.encouraged鼓励；C.warned警告；D.instructed指示。根据下文"Small gifts prove to be of great significance for inspiring people to march on their journeys in life. （事实证明，小礼物对于激励人们踏上人生旅程具有重要意义。）"可知，家人被卡片上的文字所鼓舞。故选B。
本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者在平安夜拖着疲惫的身体回家，看到餐桌上一堆毫无吸引力的邮件，作者沮丧至极。但是三岁儿子制作的圣诞卡把作者感动得热泪盈眶。这份小小的礼物，传达着爱，改善了作者的家庭关系。
做完形填空题之前，必须先浏览全文，了解短文的大意，这是非常重要的一个步骤。通过短文所提供的信息，借助语感及相关知识的推断，可以从整体上把握短文的轮廓。在通读全文，了解大意的基础上，便可着手答题。根据习惯用法、固定搭配，并从上下文中找关键性暗示，注意前后对照，逐句精读，逐题分析选项。所有的答案选出之后，应再次通读全文，对所选的答案进行核实调整。

36.【答案】wandering
【解析】（1）考查现在分词。句意：在中国西南部云南省，一群14头野生亚洲象正在接近它们的传统栖息地。wander和它所修饰的词之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词作后置定语，故填wandering。
（2）考查动词不定式。句意：总部表示，将采取更多措施确保象群返回途中的安全。动词不定式作目的状语，故填to ensure。
（3）考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：象群离开云南西双版纳傣族自治州自然保护区的原始栖息地已经有17个月了。since引导时间状语从句，主句常用现在完成时态，主语为it，故填has been。
（4）考查形容词。句意：象群离开云南西双版纳傣族自治州自然保护区的原始栖息地已经有17个月了。作定语修饰名词，所以用形容词，故填original。
（5）考查冠词。句意：野生亚洲象是热带雨林中的一种，在中国属于国家一级保护动物。rainforest是可数名词，此处特指雨林，所以用定冠词，故填the。
（6）考查。句意：象群离开云南西双版纳傣族自治州自然保护区的原始栖息地已经有17个月了。作介词的宾语，所以用名词，表示抽象概念，为不可数名词，故填protection。
（7）考查介词。句意：它们主要以林下植物如野生香蕉为食。feed on"以……为主食"，为固定搭配，故填on。
（8）考查动词语态。句意：当地林业局野生动物保护官员项如武说，它们可以逐渐被大量不可食用的木本植物取代，replace和主语之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态，前面有情态动词，所以用动词原形，故填be replaced。
（9）考查副词。句意：当地林业局野生动物保护官员项如武说，它们可以逐渐被大量不可食用的木本植物取代。修饰动词，所以用副词，故填gradually。
（10）考查非限制性定语从句。句意：由于加强了环境和野生动物保护工作，他们为拯救野生大象铺平了道路，到目前为止，该国的野生大象数量已增长到约300头。先行词为the wild elephants，在非限制性定语从句中作定语修饰名词，故填whose。
这是一篇说明文，通过野生亚洲象迁徙的情况介绍了它们的现状。
做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识。

37.【答案】Dear Jack，
I'm Li Hua，a sophomore in our school.Knowing that you are looking for partners to learn Chinese，I am writing to recommend myself to you.【高分句型一】（写信目的）
First of all，as a friendly and outgoing person，I like to make friends and help them learn.In addition，I can speak Chinese and English fluently，which makes it easy for us to communicate. 【高分句型二】More importantly，in my spare time，I like to read books about Chinese and Western culture and customs.（个人简介）
If you choose me as your partner，I believe we will promote each other in language learning.We look forward to your reply.（期待回复）
Yours，
Li Hua
【解析】高分句型一：Knowing that you are looking for partners to learn Chinese，I am writing to recommend myself to you.
翻译：知道你正在寻找学习汉语的伙伴，我写信向你推荐自己。
分析：运用了现在分词作状语和that引导的宾语从句。
高分句型二：In addition，I can speak Chinese and English fluently，which makes it easy for us to communicate.
翻译：此外，我能流利地说汉语和英语，这使我们很容易沟通。
分析：运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句。
提纲作文在写作时要注意内容是否包含了所有要点。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次，平时需注意积累短语和重要句型。

38.【答案】When she heard what I had said,her whole face lit up.She smiled and said to me politely that she felt very sorry because of her bad mood today.【高分句型一】I could see her sadness through her eyes.She continued that there was really something wrong happening to her.Her son got sick and her mood was really terrible.I patted her on the shoulder.She said "Thank you" to me in a friendly voice.I couldn't know how to comfort her so I just said, "It doesn't matter."（作者帮助她转变服务态度，她说出了自己服务态度不好的原因是孩子生病非常严重导致心情不好）
I went back to my seat and I noticed the lady's whole attitude changed.She smiled at the customers and took their orders in a clearer voice.The customers behind me received a totally different kind of service.The lady looked at me from time to time.When I was having the bill,she came to me,saying "This meal is on me today."【高分句型二】I was very surprised and happy,but I stopped her.And I said to her, "I have a really meaningful and wonderful meal with my friend today.Thank you."（服务员对作者表达感激，改变了服务态度，更好地服务顾客）
【解析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者与朋友在餐厅吃饭，遇到服务员服务态度不好，甚至与顾客发生冲突，作者的善意夸赞她的优点，让她的态度有所转变的经历。
高分句型一
She smiled and said to me politely that she felt very sorry because of her bad mood today.
翻译：她微笑着礼貌地对我说，她很抱歉，因为她今天心情不好。
分析：由连接词that引导的宾语从句作said的宾语。
高分句型二
When I was having the bill,she came to me,saying "This meal is on me today."
翻译：当我付账时，她来找我说："今天这顿饭我请客。"
分析：由连接词when引导时间状语从句。
解题方法点拨
 （1）品读原文，确定文章线索
      每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索。如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等这样有利于考生"顺藤摸瓜（结尾）"。
      （2）仔细审题，明确续写要求
      一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此次短文续写的具体要求，如词数限制使用几处标有下划线的关键词语。续写段落的首句提示，这样考生可以做到"心中有数"。
      （3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路
      根据文章后面的要求，再次快速阅读短文，抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确定续写段落的思路。同时结合文章画线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。
      （4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句
      在确定了思路和内容之后，最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中画线的关键词拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。
      （5）关键用词，标出续写部分中使用到的原材料中标有下划线的关键词语这一点可以帮助考生自己检查关键词的使用情况并根据情况做出修改。最后在誊写文字时，务必做到"字迹工整、清晰"。