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2022-2023学年吉林省长春五中高二（上）期末英语试卷（含答案解析）
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这是一份2022-2023学年吉林省长春五中高二（上）期末英语试卷（含答案解析），共19页。
2022-2023学年吉林省长春五中高二（上）期末英语试卷
A
This famous site features one of the largest and most representative collections of Buddhist architecture and art in China.It was rated as a 5 A-class tourist attraction in 2010.
The Lingshan Grand Buddha is an 88-meter-high open-air bronze statue of Sakyamuni.It is 17 meters higher than the Grand Buddha at Leshan Mountain.It is part of the pattern of Five Buddhas in five directions together with the Big Buddha at Lantau Island in Hong Kong to the south，the Grand Buddha at Leshan Mountain to the west，the Grand Buddha in Yungang Caves to the north and the Grand Buddha at the Longmen Caves in the central area.At the feet of the Grand Buddha，you can feel the loftiness （雄伟）and dignity of Buddhism.
Tips：
Location：Lingshan Road，Mashan town，Binhu district，Wuxi
Tickets：Through ticket：210 yuan （＄31.85），and free tickets for the performance of Ode to Auspiciousness for individual visitors
Opening hours for Lingshan Mountain：7：00-17：00
Opening hours for Brahma Palace：9：00-18：00
Recommendations：
The Nine-Dragon Fountain
The Nine-Dragon Fountain in front of the giant Buddha will start to play music and the song，The Birth of Buddha，at 10 am every day.A huge lotus（莲花）slowly blooms with six petals，and a 7-meter golden statue of Prince Buddha rises from the lotus，with one hand pointing to the sky and one hand at the earth，symbolizing Buddha's light shining on all things.
The Brahma Palace
The whole palace shows the mixture of traditional cultural elements with Western architectural features.Many cultural heritage items and art works can be found there.Its splendid design surprises every visitor.
1. What is the Lingshan Grand Buddha famous for？ ______
A. Its typical collections of architecture and art.
B. Its special material.
C. Its geographical location.
D. Its long history.
2. What do we know about the performance of Ode to Auspiciousness？ ______
A. It lasts 10 hours for visitors.
B. It costs 210 yuan at least.
C. It's available only for group visitors.
D. It's free if you get a through ticket.
3. Why does the writer recommend the Brahma Palace to us？ ______
A. It's in front of the giant Buddha.
B. Its design and collections are amazing.
C. Visitors can enjoy a huge lotus there.
D. Many traditional cultural items are on sale.
B
One day after more than a month of classes，I read aloud a paragraph from my book，recognizing all of the characters smoothly except one.I sat back and started to register a sense of achievement：I was actually reading Chinese.The language was starting to make sense.But before the sense of satisfaction was half formed，Teacher Liao said， "Budui！"
It meant，literally， "Not correct."You could also translate it as "no" "wrong" "nope" "uhuh" and "flatly and clearly incorrect".There were many Chinese words that I didn't know，but I knew that one well.
A voice in my head "All of the rest of them were right；isn't that worth something？"But for Teacher Liao it didn't work like that.If one character was wrong，it was simply budui.
"What's this word？" I asked，pointing at the character I had missed.
"Zhe—the zhe in Zhejiang."
"The third tone？"
"The fourth tone."
I breathed deeply and read the section again，and this time I did it perfectly.That was a victory—I turned to Teacher Liao and my eyes said （or at least I imagined them saying ）"How do you like me now？" There seemed to be some satisfaction in her eyes，but she simply said， "Read the next one."
It was her way of teaching.Success was expected and failure was criticized and immediately corrected.You were right or you were budui；there was no middle ground.
I grew to hate budui.The bu was a rising tone and the dui dropped abruptly，just as my confidence was built and then it broke down all at once.And it bothered me all the more because I knew that Teacher Liao was only telling the truth：Everything I did with the language was budui.I was an adult，and as an adult I should be able to accept criticism where it was needed.But that wasn't the American way；I wanted to be praised for my effort；I didn't mind criticism as long as it was candycoated.For Teacher Liao，the single B on the report card matters much more than all the A's that surround it：Keep working；you haven't achieved anything yet.
And so I worked harder.I was frustrated but I was also stubborn；I was determined to show Teacher Liao that I was dui.
4. Which of the following can best replace the underlined word "whined" in Paragraph 3？ ______
A. Burst out. B. Gave in. C. Returned. D. Complained.
5. What did the author expect from Teacher Liao after he tried again？ ______
A. Immediate correction. B. A new challenge.
C. An encouraging response. D. A strict comment.
6. How did the author feel about Teacher Liao's way of teaching？ ______
A. Candy coated. B. Weakness focused.
C. Interest driven. D. Criticism absent.
7. What can we infer from the text？ ______
A. The author was struggling with Liao's teaching.
B. The American way of teaching is better for adults.
C. The author was not gifted in language learning.
D. Teacher Liao was not friendly to her students.
C
The meaning of silence varies among cultural groups.Silences may be thoughtful,or they may be empty when a person has nothing to say.A silence in a conversation may also show stubbornness,or worry.Silence may be viewed by some cultural groups as extremely uncomfortable；therefore attempts may be made to fill every gap（间隙）with conversation.Persons in other cultural groups value silence and view it as necessary for understanding a person's needs.
Many Native Americans value silence and feel it is a basic part of communicating among people,just as some traditional Chinese and Thai persons do.Therefore,when a person from one of these cultures is speaking and suddenly stops,what maybe implied（暗示）is that the person wants the listener to consider what has been said before continuing.In these cultures,silence is a call for reflection.
Other cultures may use silence in other ways,particularly when dealing with conflicts among people or in relationships of people with different amounts of power.For example,Russian,French,and Spanish persons may use silence to show agreement between parties about the topic under discussion.However,Mexicans may use silence when instructions are given by a person in authority rather than be rude to that person by arguing with him or her.In still another use,persons in Asian cultures may view silence as a sign of respect,particularly to an elder or a person in authority.
Nurses and other care-givers need to be aware of the possible meanings of silence when they come across the personal anxiety their patients may be experiencing.Nurses should recognize their own personal and cultural construction of silence so that a patient's silence is not interrupted too early or allowed to go on unnecessarily.A nurse who understands the healing（治愈）value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients from their own and from other cultures.
8. What does the author say about silence in conversations？ ______
A. It implies anger. B. It promotes friendship.
C. It is culture-specific. D. It is content-based.
9. Which of the following people might regard silence as a call for careful thought？ ______
A. The Chinese. B. The French. C. The Mexicans. D. The Russians.
10. What does the author advise nurses to do about silence？ ______
A. Let it continue as the patient pleases.
B. Break it while treating patients.
C. Evaluate its harm to patients.
D. Make use of its healing effects.
11. What may be the best title for the text？ ______
A. Sound and Silence
B. What It Means to Be Silent
C. Silence to Native Americans
D. Speech Is Silver；Silence Is Gold
D
Traveling by subway can sometimes be quite an adventure，especially during the rush hour.There are the times when you have to avoid cups of coffee that could spill（溅） on you.The smells of some passengers' food are very strong，too.
According to the Beijing subway passenger regulations，which went into effect on May 15th，passengers except babies and the sick are no longer allowed to eat or drink on the subway.Violators（违规者） who do not stop after being asked to will be asked to get off.The violation will also be recorded in the violators' credit record.
Some support the rule.The reason is that the smell of food and drink can annoy other passengers."The smell of food fills the carriage，causing people discomfort，especially in the hot summer.Besides，eating on the subway produces rubbish.And on the subway，people often spill their drinks，"said Zheng Yiou，17，a student from Hefei.
However，others question this rule."Some citizens live so far from their workplaces that they have limited time to have breakfast before they go to work.Eating while they travel saves them time and decreases the chance that they will be late for work，"He Songlin，a 17 yearold student from Chengdu said."And some people，like those with low blood sugar levels，get sick if they can't eat when they must."
Other Chinese cities like Nanjing and Chengdu have similar regulations.Some foreign cities also ban eating and drinking on the subway.For example，eating and drinking have long been banned on the subway in Washington，D.C.Singapore fines people who eat or drink on the subway up to 500 Singapore dollars.
Chen Yanyan，a professor from Beijing University of Technology，believed we should consider the need of some people to eat or drink on the subway."Commuters（上班族） and travelers are sometimes too busy to eat.Maybe we could learn from Tokyo，where there are many subway stations equipped with services，allowing passengers to eat and drink，" she said.
12. In which city were subway passenger regulations carried out on May 15th？ ______
A. Chengdu. B. Nanjing. C. Washington， D. C. D.Beijing.
13. What is the punishment for the passengers who break the rules in Singapore？ ______
A. Eating on the subway. B. Drinking on the subway.
C. Being fined heavily. D. Being asked to get off the train.
14. What is Chen Yanyan's attitude to eating or drinking on the subway？ ______
A. Worried. B. Sympathetic. C. Doubtful. D. Uninterested.
15. What would be the best title for the text？ ______
A. Food and Drink Banned on Subway
B. The Adventure of Subway Traveling
C. Ways to Eat and Drink on Subway
D. The Services on Subway Stations
The Oxford English Dictionary includes more than 170，000 English entries.Luckily，you don't need to learn so many words.But as a foreign language learner，you have to learn a certain number of words to communicate effectively. (1) The following are the most important ones.
Narrow it down.The first step is to identify what you want to focus on and set goals. (2) Perhaps you want to read about soccer or learn how to cook like a native chef.The best learners are motivated to study because they choose vocabulary based on their interests and needs.
(3) The most common words are the most widely used words in any kind of speech or writing.Generally，there are four categories of words in any language：high-frequency words，academic words，technical words and low-frequency words. (4) These are the words people use most in everyday writing and speech，so learning them can make you understand what you hear and respond appropriately.An online search for the phrase "the most common words in X language" can help you identify a is of high-frequency words to focus on.
Seek out opportunities to use new words.Learning the vocabulary involves two processes：to be able to recognize a word and to use it.We typically learn to recognize words in writing or speech before we're able to use them.It takes additional，concentrated practice to learn a new word. (5) Such opportunities include writing emails to and chatting with native speakers.
A.Divide words into different categories.
B.Figure out what the most common words are and focus on them.
C.If you have a strong interest in a particular subject，start with that.
D.You will learn new words better if you speak rather than simply reading them.
E.With some strategies，you can learn faster and more easily than you have imagined.
F.High-frequency words help to quickly improve your ability to communicate.
G.That's why it's important to find out more chances of productive language practice.
16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
One evening，Catherine was at home as usual.As her (21) swung between what she was going to do with her life and their dinner plans for the evening，she was unexpectedly (22) by an urgent call from her sister. "Get over here!Turn on NBC and check these guys out.They are just like you..." One Facebook message and a phone interview later，Catherine (23)herself on a bus with 8 strangers in the middle of the sweltering desert heat of Utah，picking up trash and (24)awareness about zero waste and climate change.
With a deep love of the environment，Catherine，Davey，and a group of self (25)"environmental pickup artists"环保拾荒艺术家 went on a coasttocoast roadside trash pickup.As they walked，sometimes only (26)0.9 miles in an entire day，they (27)and steadily made their way across the United States for three years，picking up a total of 201，678 pounds of trash.
Catherine and Davey (28)with us wonderful stories of hope and inspiration that fueled their (29) to continue their journey.After spending weeks silently worrying about how she would have enough (30) to fly home for their two week spring break，Catherine found a blank，unidentified envelope (31) with ﹩ 850 cash in the desert.Just enough to get her home and back.After their bus (32)outside of Denver，they unexpectedly got help and arrived in Yosemite National Park three weeks later，just in time for the "Yosemite Facelift" where (33) from all over the state came together with a purpose of cleaning up trash all over the park.
Being at the right place at the right time became almost normal，and they realized that much of what they (34) was more than just a coincidence（巧合）.Together，their team learned to simply (35) themselves to their task，and surrender to the journey.
21. A. hands B. balances C. thoughts D. positions
22. A. blamed B. interrupted C. moved D. frightened
23. A. dropped B. cheered C. found D. taught
24. A. abandoning B. shaking C. raising D. hiding
25. A. corrected B. described C. repeated D. discovered
26. A. driving B. fixing C. riding D. covering
27. A. slowly B. secretly C. helplessly D. frequently
28. A. heard B. shared C. wrote D. read
29. A. efforts B. costs C. problems D. choices
30. A. time B. food C. money D. room
31. A. equipped B. supplied C. decorated D. filled
32. A. set off B. broke down C. headed for D. held on
33. A. members B. volunteers C. Tourists D. reporters
34. A. introduced B. expected C. experienced D. examined
35. A. turn B. limit C. compare D. devote
36.
A.In summary B.Devoted to C.breaks out D.focus on E.be ashamed of F.comprised of G.in charge of H.vary from…to I.get involved in J.There is no denying that
(1) I don't want to ______ such things.
(2) Wedding traditions and customs ______ one country ______ another.
(3) Young kids have a limited attention span and can't ______ one activity for very long.
(4) Does everyone know what to do if a fire ______ ？
(5) The medical team， ______ three doctors and four nurses，hurried to the disaster-affected area.
(6) ______ his job wholeheartedly，he eventually attained his goal.
(7) You should ______ yourself for telling such lies.
(8) She demanded to know who was ______ this action.
(9) ______ we spend much time surfing the Internet at present.
(10) ______ ，this was a disappointing performance.
37. According to an announcement by Sergey Kravtsov，Russian vice minister of education and science，Sputnik news reported，Russia's national college entrance exam will include Mandarin as (1) elective foreign language starting from 2019.Chinese will become the (2) （five） elective test item for the Unified State Exam in addition to English，German，French and Spanish.
The number of Chinese learners in Russia (3) （rise） quickly in the past decade，according to a survey (4) （carry） out by a linguistic research center in Russia.Approaches to (5) （ learn） Chinese vary from person to person，with more and more people (6) （ choose） university courses in Russia.
The three-hour-long Chinese test will quiz students on (7) （ they） listening，reading and writing abilities and a fourth section will examine students on grammar，vocabulary and Chinese (8) （ character）.Some parts in the exam are even a little bit difficult for native Chinese speakers.Insiders from the Russia education industry confirmed those (9) are with relevant professional background and Mandarin proficiency （精通） are more competitive in job application.
According to the Office of Chinese Language Council Internation，some 100 million people，excluding native speakers，use Chinese (10) （ global）．
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
38. 假定你是李华，目前由于疫情（epidemic/ pandemic），你的好友Jim正在居家上网课，但感觉学习效率不高，非常烦恼，因此写信向你询问如何提高网课效率。请你用英语给他回信提些建议。
（1）上网课时，远离其他电子设备，专心听讲
（2）制定学习计划，合理规划时间
注意：（1）词数100左右；（2）开头结尾已给出，可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：电子设备 electronic device
Dear Jim，
Knowing that you need to take online courses because of the pandemic，I'm writing to offer some useful suggestions on how to improve your study efficiency.
Hopefully，these suggestions will be of great help to you.Take good care of yourself during the pandemic.
Yours，
Li Hua
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】A、D、B
【解析】（1）A．细节理解题。根据文章第一段，This famous site features one of the largest and most representative collections of Buddhist architecture and art in China.这个著名的遗址是中国最大、最具代表性的佛教建筑艺术收藏之一。可知，灵山大佛因其是典型的建筑和艺术收藏而出名，结合选项，故选A．
（2）D．细节理解题。根据文章Tips介绍内容，Tickets：Through ticket：210 yuan （＄ 31.85），and free tickets for the performance of Ode to Auspiciousness for individual visitors.门票：直达票：210元（31.85美元），个人游《Ode to Auspiciousness》演出门票免费。可知，如果你有直达票的话，可以免费观看Ode to Auspiciousness，结合选项，故选D．
（3）B．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段，Many cultural heritage items and art works can be found there.Its splendid design surprises every visitor.这里有许多文化遗产和艺术作品，其华丽的设计让每位游客感到惊奇。可知，作者推荐Brahma Palace 给我们是因为它的设计和收藏令人惊叹，结合选项，故选B．
本文章主要向读者介绍了中国的灵山大佛，对其位置、票价以及开放时间等进行了说明。
1．直接信息题：
直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目。
2．间接信息题：
间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换。
3．综合信息题：
综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章取义。
4~7.【答案】D、C、B、A
【解析】（1）词义猜测题。根据划线单词所在句的前文内容第一段末尾The language was starting to make sense.But before the sense of satisfaction was half formed，Teacher Liao said， "Budui!"（语言开始有意义了。但在满足感还没形成一半的时候，廖老师说："不对！"）以及第二段内容 It meant，literally， "Not correct." You could also translate it as no，wrong，nope，uh-uh.Flatly and clearly incorrect.There were many Chinese words that I didn't know，but I knew that one well.（这种语言开始有意义了。但在满足感还没形成一半时，廖老师就说："Budui！"字面意思是"不正确"。你也可以把它翻译成no，error，nope，uh-uh。平铺直叙，显然不正确。有很多中文单词我不知道，但我很清楚其中一个。）廖老师对作者的朗读中评价为"不对"，而作者在脑海里产生了各种疑问，觉得难道剩余的全对了也不能抵消一个错的吗，因此可推知"A voice in my head whined"在讲述作者心里颇有微词。因此划线单词whined与选项D"complained（抱怨）"有相同含义。A．Burst out 突然；B．Gave in 放弃；C．Returned返回；D．Complained抱怨。故选D。
（2）细节理解题。根据文章第八段内容I turned to Teacher Liao and my eyes said （or at least I imagined them saying）：How do you like me now？There seemed to be some satisfaction in her eyes…（我转向廖老师，我的眼睛说（或者至少我想象他们在说）：你现在觉得我怎么样？她的眼睛里似乎有某种满足）可知，作者期待廖老师对自己的表现感到满意，得到老师的鼓励。故选C。
（3）情感态度题。根据文章第十段内容In China，the single B on the report card matters much more than all the As that surround it.Keep working；you haven't achieved anything yet. （在中国，成绩单上的一个B比它周围的所有B更重要。继续工作；你还没有取得任何成就。）可知中国式的教育重点关注弱项，有不对就强调指出错误，因此推知作者认为中国式教育强调关注弱项。A．Candy-coated糖衣炮弹；B．Weakness-focused专注于弱点；C．Interest-driven利益驱动；D．Criticism-absent缺乏批评。故选B。
（4）推理判断题。根据文章最后一段内容I was frustrated but I was also stubborn；I was determined to show Teacher Liao that I was dui.（我很沮丧，但我也很固执；我决定让廖老师知道我是对的。）可知，作者决心在学习的过程中同时要与廖老师的教学作斗争。选项 A.The author was struggling with Liao's teaching.（这位作家语境判断题廖老师的教学作斗争。）属于合理推理。故选A。
本文属于记叙文，作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了作者感受中国的教学方式，认为批评太多，表扬太少。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
8~11.【答案】C、A、D、B
【解析】（1）C.细节理解题。根据原文第一段The meaning of silence varies among cultural groups.（沉默的含义在不同的文化群体中是不同的。）可知.It is culture-specific.（它因文化不同而不同）正确。故选C。
（2）A.细节理解题。根据原文第二段Therefore,when a person one of these cultures is speaking and suddenly stops,what may be implied is that the person wants the listener to consider what has been said before continuing.In these cultures,silence is a call for reflection.（因此，当其中一种文化的人在说话时突然停止，这可能意味着这个人想让听者在继续之前考虑已经说了什么。在这些文化中，沉默意味着要求反思。）可知答案是中国人。故选A。
（3）D.推理判断题。根据最后一段的A nurse who understands the healing （治愈） value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients from their own and from other cultures. 理解沉默的治疗价值的护士可以利用这种理解来帮助照顾来自他们自己和其他文化的病人。可知，护士应该利用沉默的治愈能力，故选D。
（4）B.标题归纳题。通读全文，可知文章主要介绍了沉默在不同国家的文化中体现不同的意思。因此What It Means to Be Silent.（沉默意味着什么）为最佳标题。故选B。
本文是一篇社会文化类说明文。在这篇文中主要介绍了沉默在不同国家的文化中体现不同的意思。
考查社会文化类阅读理解。做题时要通读全文，把握大意，然后结合题干及选项做出正确的选择。
12~15.【答案】D、C、B、A
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据文章第一段，According to the Beijing subway passenger regulations ，which went into effect on May 15th ，passengers except babies and the sick are no longer allowed to eat or drink on the subway. （根据北京地铁乘客规定自5月15日起，除婴儿和病人外，乘客不得在地铁上吃喝，违者被要求下车后不停车，也将被记入违者信用记录。）可知，5月15日地铁乘客条例在北京实施，结合选项，故选D。
（2）细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段，Singapore fines people who eat or drink on the subway up to 500 Singapore dollars，which is RMB 2，417 yuan.（新加坡对在地铁上吃喝的人处以高达500新加坡元的罚款，约合人民币2417元。）可知，新加坡对违规旅客的处罚是罚款2417元，即处以严重的罚款，结合选项，故选C。
（3）观点态度题。根据文章最后一段，Chen Yanyan ，a professor from Beijing University of Technology ，believed we should consider the need of some people to eat or drink on the subway. "Commuters （上班族） and travelers are sometimes too busy to eat.Maybe we could learn from Tokyo ，where there are many subway stations equipped with services ，allowing passengers to eat and drink ，" she said. （北京理工大学教授陈燕燕认为，我们应该考虑一些人在地铁上吃喝的需要，"上下班的人和旅客有时忙得吃不下东西，也许我们可以向东京学习，那里有很多地铁站配备服务，让乘客吃喝。"）可知，陈艳艳认为在地铁上吃东西是可以理解的。A.Worried担心的；B.Sympathetic同情的；C.Doubtful怀疑的；D.Uninterested不感兴趣的，结合选项，故选B。
（4）标题归纳题。根据文章第一段，Traveling by subway can sometimes be quite an adventure ，especially during rush hour.There are the times when you have to avoid cups of coffee that could spill （溅） on you.The smells of some passengers' food are very strong ，too.According to the Beijing subway passenger regulations ，which went into effect on May 15th ，passengers except babies and the sick are no longer allowed to eat or drink on the subway.Violators （违反者） who do not stop after being asked to will be asked to get off.The violation will also be recorded in the violators' credit record. （乘地铁有时是一种冒险，特别是在交通高峰时期。有时你不得不避免喝咖啡，以免咖啡溅到你身上，一些乘客的食物气味也很重。根据北京地铁乘客规定自5月15日起，除婴儿和病人外，乘客不得在地铁上吃喝，违者被要求下车后不停车，违者也将被记入违者信用记录。）可知，本文主要讲述了现在已经禁止在地铁上吃东西，结合选项A.Food and Drink Banned on Subway地铁禁止饮食，符合题意。故选A。
这是一篇说明文。根据5月15日生效的《北京地铁乘客条例》，除婴儿和病人外，乘客不得在地铁上吃喝。违反者被要求停止后不停止的，将被要求下车。违反者的行为也将被记录在案。一些人支持这一规定。然而，也有人质疑这一规则。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
16~20.【答案】E、C、B、F、G
【解析】（1）E.细节理解题。根据后句The following are the most important ones表示"以下是最重要的"，可知表示"通过一些策略，你可以比你想象的更快更容易地学习"的选项E符合前后的语境，the most important ones和some strategies是关联词，故选E。
（2）C.细节理解题。根据前句The first step is to identify what you want to focus on and set goals表示"第一步是确定你想要关注什么并设定目标"，可知表示"如果你对某个特定的主题有强烈的兴趣，那么就从这个主题开始"的选项C符合前后的语境，identify what you want to focus on和have a strong interest in a particular subject是关联词，故选C。
（3）B.主旨判断题。根据后句The most common words are the most widely used words in any kind of speech or writing表示"最常用的词是在任何演讲或写作中使用最广泛的词"，可知表示"找出最常用的词是什么，并关注它们"的选项B符合本段的主题，The most common words是原词复现，故选B。
（4）F.细节理解题。根据后句These are the words people use most in everyday writing and speech，so learning them can make you understand what you hear and respond appropriately表示"这些是人们在日常写作和演讲中最常用的词汇，因此学习它们可以让你理解你听到的内容并做出恰当的反应"，可知表示"高频词有助于快速提高你的沟通能力"的选项F符合前后的语境，the words people use most in everyday writing and speech和High-frequency words是关联词，故选F。
（5）G.细节理解题。根据后句Such opportunities include writing emails to and chatting with native speakers表示"这样的机会包括给以英语为母语的人写电子邮件和聊天"，可知表示"这就是为什么寻找更多的机会进行有成效的语言练习是很重要的"的选项G符合前后的语境，Such opportunities和more chances是关联词，故选G。
本文是一篇说明文。介绍一些更快更容易地学习单词的方法。
做七选五题目时要注意以下规则：1．放进去通顺，这一点是基础，凡不通顺的必错无疑；2、选项中有单词、词组、句子成分或与所选答案所在段内容重合；3、选项与其上句或下句之间有必然的逻辑关系；4、选项全部内容都属于正确答案所在段，有时备选答案中可能含有甲乙两项内容，这时，只有当甲和乙都归属于本段时，答案才是正确的。
21~35.【答案】C、B、C、C、B、D、A、B、A、C、D、B、B、C、D
【解析】（1）考查名词及语境理解。A.hands手；B.balances平衡；C.thoughts思绪；D.positions职位。句意：当她的思绪在她将要做的事情和他们晚上的晚餐计划之间摇摆时。根据下文between what she was going to do with her life and their dinner plans for the evening可知是"思绪"。故选C。
（2）考查动词及语境理解。A.blamed责备；B.interrupted打断；C.moved移动；D.frightened使害怕。句意：她意外地被姐姐的一个紧急电话打断了。根据下文by an urgent call from her sister可知是"打断"。故选B。
（3）考查动词及语境理解。A.dropped掉落；B.cheered欢呼；C.found发现；D.taught教。句意：凯瑟琳发现自己和8个陌生人坐在一辆公交车上。故选C。
（4）考查动词及语境理解。A.abandoning放弃；B.shaking摇动；C.raising提高；D.hiding藏。句意：提高人们对零浪费和气候变化的认识。根据下文awareness about zero waste and climate change可知是提高意识。故选C。
（5）考查动词及语境理解。A.corrected改正；B.described描述；C.repeated重复；D.discovered发现。句意：凯瑟琳、戴维和一群自称"环保拾荒艺术家"的人，踏上了一趟沿海岸公路的拾荒之旅。故选B。
（6）考查动词及语境理解。A.driving开车；B.fixing修复；C.riding骑车；D.covering走过…路。句意：他们行进着，有时一整天只走了0.9英里。根据上文"As they walked"可知，此处表示走了0.9英里；cover表示"覆盖，走了…路"。故选D。
（7）考查副词及语境理解。A.slowly缓慢地；B.secretly秘密地；C.helplessly无助地；D.frequently频繁地。句意：三年来他们缓慢而稳定地穿越美国，总共捡到201678磅垃圾。根据上文"As they walked，sometimes onlycovering 0.9 miles in an entire day"可知他们走的非常缓慢。故选A。
（8）考查动词及语境理解。A.heard听见；B.shared分享；C.wrote写；D.read读。句意：凯瑟琳和戴维与我们分享了充满希望和灵感的精彩故事。根据下文"with us wonderful stories of hope and inspiration"可知，凯瑟琳和戴维与我们分享了充满希望和灵感的精彩故事。故选B。
（9）考查名词及语境理解。A.efforts努力；B.costs花费；C.problems问题；D.choices选择。句意：激励他们继续他们的旅程。故选A。
（10）考查名词及语境理解。A.time时间；B.food食物；C.money钱；D.room房间。句意：她一直在默默地担心自己是否有足够的钱坐飞机回家过两个星期的春假。故选C。
（11）考查动词及语境理解。A.equipped装备；B.supplied供应；C.decorated装饰；D.filled装着，充满。句意：然后在沙漠里发现了一个空白的、身份不明的信封，里面装着850美元的现金。根据下文with ﹩ 850 cash可知，信封里面装着850美元现金。故选D。
（12）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.set off出发；B.broke down车坏了；C.headed for朝向；D.held on坚持。句意：当他们乘坐的公共汽车在丹佛市外抛锚后，他们意外地得到了帮助。根据下文they unexpectedly got help可知，他们的车发生了不好的事情。故选B。
（13）考查名词及语境理解。A.members成员；B.volunteers志愿者；C.tourists游客；D.reporters记者。句意：来自全州的志愿者们为了清理公园里的垃圾而聚集在一起。根据下文"from all over the state came together with a purpose of cleaning up trash all over the park."可知，是来自全州的志愿者。故选B。
（14）考查动词及语境理解。A.introduced介绍；B.expected期待；C.experienced经历；D.examined检查。句意：在正确的时间出现在正确的地点变得几乎是正常的，他们意识到他们所经历的很多事情不仅仅是一个巧合。根据上文Catherine和 Davey谈及旅程中发生的一些巧合可知，这些都是他们经历过的事情。故选C。
（15）考查动词及语境理解。A.turn转向；B.limit限制；C.compare比较；D.devote致力于。句意：他们的团队学会了简单地投入到他们的任务中，并向旅程屈服。故选D。
这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了为提高人们对环境零污染和气候变化的认识，Catherine等人花了三年时间共捡垃圾100余吨。
近几年高考试题中的完形填空有新的变化，试题所涉及的知识面不断拓宽，综合难度不断提高。做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅，用词得当，意思正确。
36.【答案】【小题1】I
【小题2】H
【小题3】H
【小题4】D
【小题5】C
【小题6】F
【小题7】B
【小题8】E
【小题9】G
【小题10】J
【解析】（1）考查动词短语。句意：我不想卷入这种事情。根据want to do sth"需要做某事"可知，此处应用动词原形，结合句意可知，动词短语get involved in"卷入"符合题意，故选I。
（2）考查动词短语。句意：不同国家的婚礼传统和习俗各不相同。分析可知，设空处为句子谓语动词，结合语境可知，句子是在陈述一般性事实，应用一般现在时，主语wedding traditions and customs为复数，谓语动词应用原形，故选D。
（3）考查动词短语。句意：幼儿的注意力范围有限，不能长时间专注于一项活动。情态动词can't后应用动词原形，结合句意可知，动词短语focus on"专注于"符合题意，故选H。
（4）考查动词短语。句意：每个人都知道如果发生火灾该怎么办吗？分析可知，设空处为从句谓语动词，结合语境可知，句子是在陈述一般性事实，从句应用一般现在时，主语a fire为单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式，故选C。
（5）考查形容词短语。句意：由三名医生和四名护士组成的医疗队迅速赶往受灾地区。根据句意表示"由......组成"应用comprised of，分析可知，此处为形容词短语作后置定语，修饰名词the team，故选F。
（6）考查形容词短语。句意：他全身心地投入工作，最终达到了目标。根据句意表示"专心于"应用devoted to，分析可知，此处为形容词短语作状语，句首单词首字母应大写，故选B。
（7）考查形容词短语。句意：你应该为自己说谎而感到羞愧。根据句意表示"为......而羞愧"应用be ashamed of，结合情态动词should可知，be动词应用原形，故选E。
（8）考查介词短语。句意：她要求知道谁是这次行动的负责人。根据句意表示"负责"应用固定短语in charge of，故选G。
（9）考查固定句型。句意：无可否认，我们目前花了很多时间上网。根据句意表示"无可否认"应用固定句型there is no denying that，句首单词首字母应大写，故选J。
（10）考查介词短语。句意：总之，这是一场令人失望的表演。根据句意表示"总之"应用固定短语in summary，句首单词首字母应大写，故选A。
（1）我不想卷入这种事情。
（2）不同国家的婚礼传统和习俗各不相同。
（3）幼儿的注意力范围有限，不能长时间专注于一项活动。
（4）每个人都知道如果发生火灾该怎么办吗？
（5）由三名医生和四名护士组成的医疗队迅速赶往受灾地区。
（6）他全身心地投入工作，最终达到了目标。
（7）你应该为自己说谎而感到羞愧。
（8）她要求知道谁是这次行动的负责人。
（9）无可否认，我们目前花了很多时间上网。
（10）总之，这是一场令人失望的表演。
如何做选词填空
1.根据语法，判断词性
一般的空缺都可以通过其所在的句式结构和句法成分来判断其词性，从而正确的选词，进一步缩小词的选择范围。
2.利用语境，确定词形
当确定了一个单词的词性后，可通过上下文来帮助判断其形式，如动词的人称数，时态，语态，固定短语；名词的数和所有格，形容词，副词的比较级等。
37.【答案】【小题1】an
【小题2】fifth
【小题3】has risen
【小题4】carried
【小题5】learning
【小题6】choosing
【小题7】their
【小题8】characters
【小题9】who
【小题10】globally
【解析】（1）考查冠词。句意：据俄罗斯卫星新闻网报道，俄罗斯教育和科学部副部长谢尔盖•克拉夫佐夫宣布，从2019年开始，俄罗斯全国大学入学考试将把汉语列为选修课。一门选择性的外语，应该用不定冠词an，故填an。
（2）考查序数词。句意：汉语将成为继英语、德语、法语和西班牙语之后的第五门选修课。根据句意可知应该用序数词，故填fifth。
（3）考查时态。句意：据俄罗斯一家语言研究中心进行的一项调查显示，在过去十年里，俄罗斯学习汉语的人数迅速上升。根据时间状语in the past decade，可知应该用现在完成时，the number of 做主语应该用单数形式，故填has risen。
（4）考查过去分词。句意：据俄罗斯一家语言研究中心进行的一项调查显示，在过去十年里，俄罗斯学习汉语的人数迅速上升。survey与动词carry之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词在句中做定语，故填Carried。
（5）考查动名词。句意：学习汉语的方法因人而异，越来越多的人选择在俄罗斯上大学。approach to是固定短语"接近"，to是介词，后面接动词时用动名词，故填learning。
（6）考查with的复合结构。句意：学习汉语的方法因人而异，越来越多的人选择在俄罗斯上大学。more and more people和choose之间是主动关系，用with+名词+doing在句中做状语，故填choosing。
（7）考查代词。句意：这个长达三个小时的中文测试将测试学生的听力、阅读和写作能力，第四部分将测试学生的语法、词汇和汉字。这里应该用形容词词性物主代词，他们的，故填their。
（8）考查可数名词复数。句意：这个长达三个小时的中文测试将测试学生的听力、阅读和写作能力，第四部分将测试学生的语法、词汇和汉字。汉语的特点，应该用复数形式，故填characters。
（9）考查定语从句。句意：俄罗斯教育行业内部人士证实，那些具有相关专业背景和普通话水平的人在求职时更有竞争力。those是先行词"那些人"，在定语从句中做主语，所以用who引导。故填who。
（10）考查副词。句意：根据国际中文工作委员会办公室的数据，全球约有1亿人（不包括母语人士）使用中文。此处用副词修饰动词use，故填globally。
本文是一篇说明文，据俄罗斯教育和科学部副部长谢尔盖•克拉夫佐夫宣布，俄罗斯国家高考将从2019年起将普通话作为一门选择性外语，汉语将成为第五门外语。
语法填空是通过语篇在语境中考查语法知识的运用能力，在解题前应快速浏览短文掌握大意，在读懂短文的基础上，结合短文提供的特定的语言环境去逐句分析。要解决好语法填空，离不开坚实的语法知识，有了坚实的语法知识才能对语言进行正确的分析和判断，从而答对题目。
38.【答案】Dear Jim，
Knowing that you need to take online courses because of the pandemic，I'm writing to offer some useful suggestions on how to improve your study efficiency.（写信目的）
To begin with，when taking online courses，you are supposed to stay away from electronic devices，which will undoubtedly distract your attention from time to time. 【高分句型一】By keeping a distance with them，you will find it easier to focus on your lessons. （上网课时，远离其他电子设备，专心听讲）In addition，I strongly recommend you to make a study schedule.Only when you are aware of your arrangement can you make better use of your time.【高分句型二】（制定学习计划，合理规划时间）
Hopefully，these suggestions will be of great help to you.Take good care of yourself during the pandemic.
（希望）
Yours，
Li Hua
【解析】高分句型一：To begin with，when taking online courses，you are supposed to stay away from electronic devices，which will undoubtedly distract your attention from time to time.
译文：首先，在参加在线课程时，你应该远离电子设备，这无疑会不时分散你的注意力。
分析：这句话使用了when引导的省略的时间状语从句，which引导的非限制性定语从句。
高分句型二：Only when you are aware of your arrangement can you make better use of your time.
译文：只有当你意识到你的安排时，你才能更好地利用你的时间。
分析：这句话使用了only+when引导的时间状语从句，置于句首，后面接倒装句。
这是一篇提纲类作文，需要写的内容已经给出，但是写作时不要仅仅对要点进行生硬的翻译，而是要添加些内容，使文章看起来更充实，要组成一篇通顺连贯的短文，一定要谈谈自己的看法。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。同时注意要求的字数，不要太多也不要太少。
2022-2023学年吉林省长春五中高二（上）期末英语试卷
A
This famous site features one of the largest and most representative collections of Buddhist architecture and art in China.It was rated as a 5 A-class tourist attraction in 2010.
The Lingshan Grand Buddha is an 88-meter-high open-air bronze statue of Sakyamuni.It is 17 meters higher than the Grand Buddha at Leshan Mountain.It is part of the pattern of Five Buddhas in five directions together with the Big Buddha at Lantau Island in Hong Kong to the south，the Grand Buddha at Leshan Mountain to the west，the Grand Buddha in Yungang Caves to the north and the Grand Buddha at the Longmen Caves in the central area.At the feet of the Grand Buddha，you can feel the loftiness （雄伟）and dignity of Buddhism.
Tips：
Location：Lingshan Road，Mashan town，Binhu district，Wuxi
Tickets：Through ticket：210 yuan （＄31.85），and free tickets for the performance of Ode to Auspiciousness for individual visitors
Opening hours for Lingshan Mountain：7：00-17：00
Opening hours for Brahma Palace：9：00-18：00
Recommendations：
The Nine-Dragon Fountain
The Nine-Dragon Fountain in front of the giant Buddha will start to play music and the song，The Birth of Buddha，at 10 am every day.A huge lotus（莲花）slowly blooms with six petals，and a 7-meter golden statue of Prince Buddha rises from the lotus，with one hand pointing to the sky and one hand at the earth，symbolizing Buddha's light shining on all things.
The Brahma Palace
The whole palace shows the mixture of traditional cultural elements with Western architectural features.Many cultural heritage items and art works can be found there.Its splendid design surprises every visitor.
1. What is the Lingshan Grand Buddha famous for？ ______
A. Its typical collections of architecture and art.
B. Its special material.
C. Its geographical location.
D. Its long history.
2. What do we know about the performance of Ode to Auspiciousness？ ______
A. It lasts 10 hours for visitors.
B. It costs 210 yuan at least.
C. It's available only for group visitors.
D. It's free if you get a through ticket.
3. Why does the writer recommend the Brahma Palace to us？ ______
A. It's in front of the giant Buddha.
B. Its design and collections are amazing.
C. Visitors can enjoy a huge lotus there.
D. Many traditional cultural items are on sale.
B
One day after more than a month of classes，I read aloud a paragraph from my book，recognizing all of the characters smoothly except one.I sat back and started to register a sense of achievement：I was actually reading Chinese.The language was starting to make sense.But before the sense of satisfaction was half formed，Teacher Liao said， "Budui！"
It meant，literally， "Not correct."You could also translate it as "no" "wrong" "nope" "uhuh" and "flatly and clearly incorrect".There were many Chinese words that I didn't know，but I knew that one well.
A voice in my head "All of the rest of them were right；isn't that worth something？"But for Teacher Liao it didn't work like that.If one character was wrong，it was simply budui.
"What's this word？" I asked，pointing at the character I had missed.
"Zhe—the zhe in Zhejiang."
"The third tone？"
"The fourth tone."
I breathed deeply and read the section again，and this time I did it perfectly.That was a victory—I turned to Teacher Liao and my eyes said （or at least I imagined them saying ）"How do you like me now？" There seemed to be some satisfaction in her eyes，but she simply said， "Read the next one."
It was her way of teaching.Success was expected and failure was criticized and immediately corrected.You were right or you were budui；there was no middle ground.
I grew to hate budui.The bu was a rising tone and the dui dropped abruptly，just as my confidence was built and then it broke down all at once.And it bothered me all the more because I knew that Teacher Liao was only telling the truth：Everything I did with the language was budui.I was an adult，and as an adult I should be able to accept criticism where it was needed.But that wasn't the American way；I wanted to be praised for my effort；I didn't mind criticism as long as it was candycoated.For Teacher Liao，the single B on the report card matters much more than all the A's that surround it：Keep working；you haven't achieved anything yet.
And so I worked harder.I was frustrated but I was also stubborn；I was determined to show Teacher Liao that I was dui.
4. Which of the following can best replace the underlined word "whined" in Paragraph 3？ ______
A. Burst out. B. Gave in. C. Returned. D. Complained.
5. What did the author expect from Teacher Liao after he tried again？ ______
A. Immediate correction. B. A new challenge.
C. An encouraging response. D. A strict comment.
6. How did the author feel about Teacher Liao's way of teaching？ ______
A. Candy coated. B. Weakness focused.
C. Interest driven. D. Criticism absent.
7. What can we infer from the text？ ______
A. The author was struggling with Liao's teaching.
B. The American way of teaching is better for adults.
C. The author was not gifted in language learning.
D. Teacher Liao was not friendly to her students.
C
The meaning of silence varies among cultural groups.Silences may be thoughtful,or they may be empty when a person has nothing to say.A silence in a conversation may also show stubbornness,or worry.Silence may be viewed by some cultural groups as extremely uncomfortable；therefore attempts may be made to fill every gap（间隙）with conversation.Persons in other cultural groups value silence and view it as necessary for understanding a person's needs.
Many Native Americans value silence and feel it is a basic part of communicating among people,just as some traditional Chinese and Thai persons do.Therefore,when a person from one of these cultures is speaking and suddenly stops,what maybe implied（暗示）is that the person wants the listener to consider what has been said before continuing.In these cultures,silence is a call for reflection.
Other cultures may use silence in other ways,particularly when dealing with conflicts among people or in relationships of people with different amounts of power.For example,Russian,French,and Spanish persons may use silence to show agreement between parties about the topic under discussion.However,Mexicans may use silence when instructions are given by a person in authority rather than be rude to that person by arguing with him or her.In still another use,persons in Asian cultures may view silence as a sign of respect,particularly to an elder or a person in authority.
Nurses and other care-givers need to be aware of the possible meanings of silence when they come across the personal anxiety their patients may be experiencing.Nurses should recognize their own personal and cultural construction of silence so that a patient's silence is not interrupted too early or allowed to go on unnecessarily.A nurse who understands the healing（治愈）value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients from their own and from other cultures.
8. What does the author say about silence in conversations？ ______
A. It implies anger. B. It promotes friendship.
C. It is culture-specific. D. It is content-based.
9. Which of the following people might regard silence as a call for careful thought？ ______
A. The Chinese. B. The French. C. The Mexicans. D. The Russians.
10. What does the author advise nurses to do about silence？ ______
A. Let it continue as the patient pleases.
B. Break it while treating patients.
C. Evaluate its harm to patients.
D. Make use of its healing effects.
11. What may be the best title for the text？ ______
A. Sound and Silence
B. What It Means to Be Silent
C. Silence to Native Americans
D. Speech Is Silver；Silence Is Gold
D
Traveling by subway can sometimes be quite an adventure，especially during the rush hour.There are the times when you have to avoid cups of coffee that could spill（溅） on you.The smells of some passengers' food are very strong，too.
According to the Beijing subway passenger regulations，which went into effect on May 15th，passengers except babies and the sick are no longer allowed to eat or drink on the subway.Violators（违规者） who do not stop after being asked to will be asked to get off.The violation will also be recorded in the violators' credit record.
Some support the rule.The reason is that the smell of food and drink can annoy other passengers."The smell of food fills the carriage，causing people discomfort，especially in the hot summer.Besides，eating on the subway produces rubbish.And on the subway，people often spill their drinks，"said Zheng Yiou，17，a student from Hefei.
However，others question this rule."Some citizens live so far from their workplaces that they have limited time to have breakfast before they go to work.Eating while they travel saves them time and decreases the chance that they will be late for work，"He Songlin，a 17 yearold student from Chengdu said."And some people，like those with low blood sugar levels，get sick if they can't eat when they must."
Other Chinese cities like Nanjing and Chengdu have similar regulations.Some foreign cities also ban eating and drinking on the subway.For example，eating and drinking have long been banned on the subway in Washington，D.C.Singapore fines people who eat or drink on the subway up to 500 Singapore dollars.
Chen Yanyan，a professor from Beijing University of Technology，believed we should consider the need of some people to eat or drink on the subway."Commuters（上班族） and travelers are sometimes too busy to eat.Maybe we could learn from Tokyo，where there are many subway stations equipped with services，allowing passengers to eat and drink，" she said.
12. In which city were subway passenger regulations carried out on May 15th？ ______
A. Chengdu. B. Nanjing. C. Washington， D. C. D.Beijing.
13. What is the punishment for the passengers who break the rules in Singapore？ ______
A. Eating on the subway. B. Drinking on the subway.
C. Being fined heavily. D. Being asked to get off the train.
14. What is Chen Yanyan's attitude to eating or drinking on the subway？ ______
A. Worried. B. Sympathetic. C. Doubtful. D. Uninterested.
15. What would be the best title for the text？ ______
A. Food and Drink Banned on Subway
B. The Adventure of Subway Traveling
C. Ways to Eat and Drink on Subway
D. The Services on Subway Stations
The Oxford English Dictionary includes more than 170，000 English entries.Luckily，you don't need to learn so many words.But as a foreign language learner，you have to learn a certain number of words to communicate effectively. (1) The following are the most important ones.
Narrow it down.The first step is to identify what you want to focus on and set goals. (2) Perhaps you want to read about soccer or learn how to cook like a native chef.The best learners are motivated to study because they choose vocabulary based on their interests and needs.
(3) The most common words are the most widely used words in any kind of speech or writing.Generally，there are four categories of words in any language：high-frequency words，academic words，technical words and low-frequency words. (4) These are the words people use most in everyday writing and speech，so learning them can make you understand what you hear and respond appropriately.An online search for the phrase "the most common words in X language" can help you identify a is of high-frequency words to focus on.
Seek out opportunities to use new words.Learning the vocabulary involves two processes：to be able to recognize a word and to use it.We typically learn to recognize words in writing or speech before we're able to use them.It takes additional，concentrated practice to learn a new word. (5) Such opportunities include writing emails to and chatting with native speakers.
A.Divide words into different categories.
B.Figure out what the most common words are and focus on them.
C.If you have a strong interest in a particular subject，start with that.
D.You will learn new words better if you speak rather than simply reading them.
E.With some strategies，you can learn faster and more easily than you have imagined.
F.High-frequency words help to quickly improve your ability to communicate.
G.That's why it's important to find out more chances of productive language practice.
16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
One evening，Catherine was at home as usual.As her (21) swung between what she was going to do with her life and their dinner plans for the evening，she was unexpectedly (22) by an urgent call from her sister. "Get over here!Turn on NBC and check these guys out.They are just like you..." One Facebook message and a phone interview later，Catherine (23)herself on a bus with 8 strangers in the middle of the sweltering desert heat of Utah，picking up trash and (24)awareness about zero waste and climate change.
With a deep love of the environment，Catherine，Davey，and a group of self (25)"environmental pickup artists"环保拾荒艺术家 went on a coasttocoast roadside trash pickup.As they walked，sometimes only (26)0.9 miles in an entire day，they (27)and steadily made their way across the United States for three years，picking up a total of 201，678 pounds of trash.
Catherine and Davey (28)with us wonderful stories of hope and inspiration that fueled their (29) to continue their journey.After spending weeks silently worrying about how she would have enough (30) to fly home for their two week spring break，Catherine found a blank，unidentified envelope (31) with ﹩ 850 cash in the desert.Just enough to get her home and back.After their bus (32)outside of Denver，they unexpectedly got help and arrived in Yosemite National Park three weeks later，just in time for the "Yosemite Facelift" where (33) from all over the state came together with a purpose of cleaning up trash all over the park.
Being at the right place at the right time became almost normal，and they realized that much of what they (34) was more than just a coincidence（巧合）.Together，their team learned to simply (35) themselves to their task，and surrender to the journey.
21. A. hands B. balances C. thoughts D. positions
22. A. blamed B. interrupted C. moved D. frightened
23. A. dropped B. cheered C. found D. taught
24. A. abandoning B. shaking C. raising D. hiding
25. A. corrected B. described C. repeated D. discovered
26. A. driving B. fixing C. riding D. covering
27. A. slowly B. secretly C. helplessly D. frequently
28. A. heard B. shared C. wrote D. read
29. A. efforts B. costs C. problems D. choices
30. A. time B. food C. money D. room
31. A. equipped B. supplied C. decorated D. filled
32. A. set off B. broke down C. headed for D. held on
33. A. members B. volunteers C. Tourists D. reporters
34. A. introduced B. expected C. experienced D. examined
35. A. turn B. limit C. compare D. devote
36.
A.In summary B.Devoted to C.breaks out D.focus on E.be ashamed of F.comprised of G.in charge of H.vary from…to I.get involved in J.There is no denying that
(1) I don't want to ______ such things.
(2) Wedding traditions and customs ______ one country ______ another.
(3) Young kids have a limited attention span and can't ______ one activity for very long.
(4) Does everyone know what to do if a fire ______ ？
(5) The medical team， ______ three doctors and four nurses，hurried to the disaster-affected area.
(6) ______ his job wholeheartedly，he eventually attained his goal.
(7) You should ______ yourself for telling such lies.
(8) She demanded to know who was ______ this action.
(9) ______ we spend much time surfing the Internet at present.
(10) ______ ，this was a disappointing performance.
37. According to an announcement by Sergey Kravtsov，Russian vice minister of education and science，Sputnik news reported，Russia's national college entrance exam will include Mandarin as (1) elective foreign language starting from 2019.Chinese will become the (2) （five） elective test item for the Unified State Exam in addition to English，German，French and Spanish.
The number of Chinese learners in Russia (3) （rise） quickly in the past decade，according to a survey (4) （carry） out by a linguistic research center in Russia.Approaches to (5) （ learn） Chinese vary from person to person，with more and more people (6) （ choose） university courses in Russia.
The three-hour-long Chinese test will quiz students on (7) （ they） listening，reading and writing abilities and a fourth section will examine students on grammar，vocabulary and Chinese (8) （ character）.Some parts in the exam are even a little bit difficult for native Chinese speakers.Insiders from the Russia education industry confirmed those (9) are with relevant professional background and Mandarin proficiency （精通） are more competitive in job application.
According to the Office of Chinese Language Council Internation，some 100 million people，excluding native speakers，use Chinese (10) （ global）．
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
38. 假定你是李华，目前由于疫情（epidemic/ pandemic），你的好友Jim正在居家上网课，但感觉学习效率不高，非常烦恼，因此写信向你询问如何提高网课效率。请你用英语给他回信提些建议。
（1）上网课时，远离其他电子设备，专心听讲
（2）制定学习计划，合理规划时间
注意：（1）词数100左右；（2）开头结尾已给出，可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：电子设备 electronic device
Dear Jim，
Knowing that you need to take online courses because of the pandemic，I'm writing to offer some useful suggestions on how to improve your study efficiency.
Hopefully，these suggestions will be of great help to you.Take good care of yourself during the pandemic.
Yours，
Li Hua
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】A、D、B
【解析】（1）A．细节理解题。根据文章第一段，This famous site features one of the largest and most representative collections of Buddhist architecture and art in China.这个著名的遗址是中国最大、最具代表性的佛教建筑艺术收藏之一。可知，灵山大佛因其是典型的建筑和艺术收藏而出名，结合选项，故选A．
（2）D．细节理解题。根据文章Tips介绍内容，Tickets：Through ticket：210 yuan （＄ 31.85），and free tickets for the performance of Ode to Auspiciousness for individual visitors.门票：直达票：210元（31.85美元），个人游《Ode to Auspiciousness》演出门票免费。可知，如果你有直达票的话，可以免费观看Ode to Auspiciousness，结合选项，故选D．
（3）B．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段，Many cultural heritage items and art works can be found there.Its splendid design surprises every visitor.这里有许多文化遗产和艺术作品，其华丽的设计让每位游客感到惊奇。可知，作者推荐Brahma Palace 给我们是因为它的设计和收藏令人惊叹，结合选项，故选B．
本文章主要向读者介绍了中国的灵山大佛，对其位置、票价以及开放时间等进行了说明。
1．直接信息题：
直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目。
2．间接信息题：
间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换。
3．综合信息题：
综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章取义。
4~7.【答案】D、C、B、A
【解析】（1）词义猜测题。根据划线单词所在句的前文内容第一段末尾The language was starting to make sense.But before the sense of satisfaction was half formed，Teacher Liao said， "Budui!"（语言开始有意义了。但在满足感还没形成一半的时候，廖老师说："不对！"）以及第二段内容 It meant，literally， "Not correct." You could also translate it as no，wrong，nope，uh-uh.Flatly and clearly incorrect.There were many Chinese words that I didn't know，but I knew that one well.（这种语言开始有意义了。但在满足感还没形成一半时，廖老师就说："Budui！"字面意思是"不正确"。你也可以把它翻译成no，error，nope，uh-uh。平铺直叙，显然不正确。有很多中文单词我不知道，但我很清楚其中一个。）廖老师对作者的朗读中评价为"不对"，而作者在脑海里产生了各种疑问，觉得难道剩余的全对了也不能抵消一个错的吗，因此可推知"A voice in my head whined"在讲述作者心里颇有微词。因此划线单词whined与选项D"complained（抱怨）"有相同含义。A．Burst out 突然；B．Gave in 放弃；C．Returned返回；D．Complained抱怨。故选D。
（2）细节理解题。根据文章第八段内容I turned to Teacher Liao and my eyes said （or at least I imagined them saying）：How do you like me now？There seemed to be some satisfaction in her eyes…（我转向廖老师，我的眼睛说（或者至少我想象他们在说）：你现在觉得我怎么样？她的眼睛里似乎有某种满足）可知，作者期待廖老师对自己的表现感到满意，得到老师的鼓励。故选C。
（3）情感态度题。根据文章第十段内容In China，the single B on the report card matters much more than all the As that surround it.Keep working；you haven't achieved anything yet. （在中国，成绩单上的一个B比它周围的所有B更重要。继续工作；你还没有取得任何成就。）可知中国式的教育重点关注弱项，有不对就强调指出错误，因此推知作者认为中国式教育强调关注弱项。A．Candy-coated糖衣炮弹；B．Weakness-focused专注于弱点；C．Interest-driven利益驱动；D．Criticism-absent缺乏批评。故选B。
（4）推理判断题。根据文章最后一段内容I was frustrated but I was also stubborn；I was determined to show Teacher Liao that I was dui.（我很沮丧，但我也很固执；我决定让廖老师知道我是对的。）可知，作者决心在学习的过程中同时要与廖老师的教学作斗争。选项 A.The author was struggling with Liao's teaching.（这位作家语境判断题廖老师的教学作斗争。）属于合理推理。故选A。
本文属于记叙文，作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了作者感受中国的教学方式，认为批评太多，表扬太少。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
8~11.【答案】C、A、D、B
【解析】（1）C.细节理解题。根据原文第一段The meaning of silence varies among cultural groups.（沉默的含义在不同的文化群体中是不同的。）可知.It is culture-specific.（它因文化不同而不同）正确。故选C。
（2）A.细节理解题。根据原文第二段Therefore,when a person one of these cultures is speaking and suddenly stops,what may be implied is that the person wants the listener to consider what has been said before continuing.In these cultures,silence is a call for reflection.（因此，当其中一种文化的人在说话时突然停止，这可能意味着这个人想让听者在继续之前考虑已经说了什么。在这些文化中，沉默意味着要求反思。）可知答案是中国人。故选A。
（3）D.推理判断题。根据最后一段的A nurse who understands the healing （治愈） value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients from their own and from other cultures. 理解沉默的治疗价值的护士可以利用这种理解来帮助照顾来自他们自己和其他文化的病人。可知，护士应该利用沉默的治愈能力，故选D。
（4）B.标题归纳题。通读全文，可知文章主要介绍了沉默在不同国家的文化中体现不同的意思。因此What It Means to Be Silent.（沉默意味着什么）为最佳标题。故选B。
本文是一篇社会文化类说明文。在这篇文中主要介绍了沉默在不同国家的文化中体现不同的意思。
考查社会文化类阅读理解。做题时要通读全文，把握大意，然后结合题干及选项做出正确的选择。
12~15.【答案】D、C、B、A
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据文章第一段，According to the Beijing subway passenger regulations ，which went into effect on May 15th ，passengers except babies and the sick are no longer allowed to eat or drink on the subway. （根据北京地铁乘客规定自5月15日起，除婴儿和病人外，乘客不得在地铁上吃喝，违者被要求下车后不停车，也将被记入违者信用记录。）可知，5月15日地铁乘客条例在北京实施，结合选项，故选D。
（2）细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段，Singapore fines people who eat or drink on the subway up to 500 Singapore dollars，which is RMB 2，417 yuan.（新加坡对在地铁上吃喝的人处以高达500新加坡元的罚款，约合人民币2417元。）可知，新加坡对违规旅客的处罚是罚款2417元，即处以严重的罚款，结合选项，故选C。
（3）观点态度题。根据文章最后一段，Chen Yanyan ，a professor from Beijing University of Technology ，believed we should consider the need of some people to eat or drink on the subway. "Commuters （上班族） and travelers are sometimes too busy to eat.Maybe we could learn from Tokyo ，where there are many subway stations equipped with services ，allowing passengers to eat and drink ，" she said. （北京理工大学教授陈燕燕认为，我们应该考虑一些人在地铁上吃喝的需要，"上下班的人和旅客有时忙得吃不下东西，也许我们可以向东京学习，那里有很多地铁站配备服务，让乘客吃喝。"）可知，陈艳艳认为在地铁上吃东西是可以理解的。A.Worried担心的；B.Sympathetic同情的；C.Doubtful怀疑的；D.Uninterested不感兴趣的，结合选项，故选B。
（4）标题归纳题。根据文章第一段，Traveling by subway can sometimes be quite an adventure ，especially during rush hour.There are the times when you have to avoid cups of coffee that could spill （溅） on you.The smells of some passengers' food are very strong ，too.According to the Beijing subway passenger regulations ，which went into effect on May 15th ，passengers except babies and the sick are no longer allowed to eat or drink on the subway.Violators （违反者） who do not stop after being asked to will be asked to get off.The violation will also be recorded in the violators' credit record. （乘地铁有时是一种冒险，特别是在交通高峰时期。有时你不得不避免喝咖啡，以免咖啡溅到你身上，一些乘客的食物气味也很重。根据北京地铁乘客规定自5月15日起，除婴儿和病人外，乘客不得在地铁上吃喝，违者被要求下车后不停车，违者也将被记入违者信用记录。）可知，本文主要讲述了现在已经禁止在地铁上吃东西，结合选项A.Food and Drink Banned on Subway地铁禁止饮食，符合题意。故选A。
这是一篇说明文。根据5月15日生效的《北京地铁乘客条例》，除婴儿和病人外，乘客不得在地铁上吃喝。违反者被要求停止后不停止的，将被要求下车。违反者的行为也将被记录在案。一些人支持这一规定。然而，也有人质疑这一规则。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
16~20.【答案】E、C、B、F、G
【解析】（1）E.细节理解题。根据后句The following are the most important ones表示"以下是最重要的"，可知表示"通过一些策略，你可以比你想象的更快更容易地学习"的选项E符合前后的语境，the most important ones和some strategies是关联词，故选E。
（2）C.细节理解题。根据前句The first step is to identify what you want to focus on and set goals表示"第一步是确定你想要关注什么并设定目标"，可知表示"如果你对某个特定的主题有强烈的兴趣，那么就从这个主题开始"的选项C符合前后的语境，identify what you want to focus on和have a strong interest in a particular subject是关联词，故选C。
（3）B.主旨判断题。根据后句The most common words are the most widely used words in any kind of speech or writing表示"最常用的词是在任何演讲或写作中使用最广泛的词"，可知表示"找出最常用的词是什么，并关注它们"的选项B符合本段的主题，The most common words是原词复现，故选B。
（4）F.细节理解题。根据后句These are the words people use most in everyday writing and speech，so learning them can make you understand what you hear and respond appropriately表示"这些是人们在日常写作和演讲中最常用的词汇，因此学习它们可以让你理解你听到的内容并做出恰当的反应"，可知表示"高频词有助于快速提高你的沟通能力"的选项F符合前后的语境，the words people use most in everyday writing and speech和High-frequency words是关联词，故选F。
（5）G.细节理解题。根据后句Such opportunities include writing emails to and chatting with native speakers表示"这样的机会包括给以英语为母语的人写电子邮件和聊天"，可知表示"这就是为什么寻找更多的机会进行有成效的语言练习是很重要的"的选项G符合前后的语境，Such opportunities和more chances是关联词，故选G。
本文是一篇说明文。介绍一些更快更容易地学习单词的方法。
做七选五题目时要注意以下规则：1．放进去通顺，这一点是基础，凡不通顺的必错无疑；2、选项中有单词、词组、句子成分或与所选答案所在段内容重合；3、选项与其上句或下句之间有必然的逻辑关系；4、选项全部内容都属于正确答案所在段，有时备选答案中可能含有甲乙两项内容，这时，只有当甲和乙都归属于本段时，答案才是正确的。
21~35.【答案】C、B、C、C、B、D、A、B、A、C、D、B、B、C、D
【解析】（1）考查名词及语境理解。A.hands手；B.balances平衡；C.thoughts思绪；D.positions职位。句意：当她的思绪在她将要做的事情和他们晚上的晚餐计划之间摇摆时。根据下文between what she was going to do with her life and their dinner plans for the evening可知是"思绪"。故选C。
（2）考查动词及语境理解。A.blamed责备；B.interrupted打断；C.moved移动；D.frightened使害怕。句意：她意外地被姐姐的一个紧急电话打断了。根据下文by an urgent call from her sister可知是"打断"。故选B。
（3）考查动词及语境理解。A.dropped掉落；B.cheered欢呼；C.found发现；D.taught教。句意：凯瑟琳发现自己和8个陌生人坐在一辆公交车上。故选C。
（4）考查动词及语境理解。A.abandoning放弃；B.shaking摇动；C.raising提高；D.hiding藏。句意：提高人们对零浪费和气候变化的认识。根据下文awareness about zero waste and climate change可知是提高意识。故选C。
（5）考查动词及语境理解。A.corrected改正；B.described描述；C.repeated重复；D.discovered发现。句意：凯瑟琳、戴维和一群自称"环保拾荒艺术家"的人，踏上了一趟沿海岸公路的拾荒之旅。故选B。
（6）考查动词及语境理解。A.driving开车；B.fixing修复；C.riding骑车；D.covering走过…路。句意：他们行进着，有时一整天只走了0.9英里。根据上文"As they walked"可知，此处表示走了0.9英里；cover表示"覆盖，走了…路"。故选D。
（7）考查副词及语境理解。A.slowly缓慢地；B.secretly秘密地；C.helplessly无助地；D.frequently频繁地。句意：三年来他们缓慢而稳定地穿越美国，总共捡到201678磅垃圾。根据上文"As they walked，sometimes onlycovering 0.9 miles in an entire day"可知他们走的非常缓慢。故选A。
（8）考查动词及语境理解。A.heard听见；B.shared分享；C.wrote写；D.read读。句意：凯瑟琳和戴维与我们分享了充满希望和灵感的精彩故事。根据下文"with us wonderful stories of hope and inspiration"可知，凯瑟琳和戴维与我们分享了充满希望和灵感的精彩故事。故选B。
（9）考查名词及语境理解。A.efforts努力；B.costs花费；C.problems问题；D.choices选择。句意：激励他们继续他们的旅程。故选A。
（10）考查名词及语境理解。A.time时间；B.food食物；C.money钱；D.room房间。句意：她一直在默默地担心自己是否有足够的钱坐飞机回家过两个星期的春假。故选C。
（11）考查动词及语境理解。A.equipped装备；B.supplied供应；C.decorated装饰；D.filled装着，充满。句意：然后在沙漠里发现了一个空白的、身份不明的信封，里面装着850美元的现金。根据下文with ﹩ 850 cash可知，信封里面装着850美元现金。故选D。
（12）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.set off出发；B.broke down车坏了；C.headed for朝向；D.held on坚持。句意：当他们乘坐的公共汽车在丹佛市外抛锚后，他们意外地得到了帮助。根据下文they unexpectedly got help可知，他们的车发生了不好的事情。故选B。
（13）考查名词及语境理解。A.members成员；B.volunteers志愿者；C.tourists游客；D.reporters记者。句意：来自全州的志愿者们为了清理公园里的垃圾而聚集在一起。根据下文"from all over the state came together with a purpose of cleaning up trash all over the park."可知，是来自全州的志愿者。故选B。
（14）考查动词及语境理解。A.introduced介绍；B.expected期待；C.experienced经历；D.examined检查。句意：在正确的时间出现在正确的地点变得几乎是正常的，他们意识到他们所经历的很多事情不仅仅是一个巧合。根据上文Catherine和 Davey谈及旅程中发生的一些巧合可知，这些都是他们经历过的事情。故选C。
（15）考查动词及语境理解。A.turn转向；B.limit限制；C.compare比较；D.devote致力于。句意：他们的团队学会了简单地投入到他们的任务中，并向旅程屈服。故选D。
这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了为提高人们对环境零污染和气候变化的认识，Catherine等人花了三年时间共捡垃圾100余吨。
近几年高考试题中的完形填空有新的变化，试题所涉及的知识面不断拓宽，综合难度不断提高。做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅，用词得当，意思正确。
36.【答案】【小题1】I
【小题2】H
【小题3】H
【小题4】D
【小题5】C
【小题6】F
【小题7】B
【小题8】E
【小题9】G
【小题10】J
【解析】（1）考查动词短语。句意：我不想卷入这种事情。根据want to do sth"需要做某事"可知，此处应用动词原形，结合句意可知，动词短语get involved in"卷入"符合题意，故选I。
（2）考查动词短语。句意：不同国家的婚礼传统和习俗各不相同。分析可知，设空处为句子谓语动词，结合语境可知，句子是在陈述一般性事实，应用一般现在时，主语wedding traditions and customs为复数，谓语动词应用原形，故选D。
（3）考查动词短语。句意：幼儿的注意力范围有限，不能长时间专注于一项活动。情态动词can't后应用动词原形，结合句意可知，动词短语focus on"专注于"符合题意，故选H。
（4）考查动词短语。句意：每个人都知道如果发生火灾该怎么办吗？分析可知，设空处为从句谓语动词，结合语境可知，句子是在陈述一般性事实，从句应用一般现在时，主语a fire为单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式，故选C。
（5）考查形容词短语。句意：由三名医生和四名护士组成的医疗队迅速赶往受灾地区。根据句意表示"由......组成"应用comprised of，分析可知，此处为形容词短语作后置定语，修饰名词the team，故选F。
（6）考查形容词短语。句意：他全身心地投入工作，最终达到了目标。根据句意表示"专心于"应用devoted to，分析可知，此处为形容词短语作状语，句首单词首字母应大写，故选B。
（7）考查形容词短语。句意：你应该为自己说谎而感到羞愧。根据句意表示"为......而羞愧"应用be ashamed of，结合情态动词should可知，be动词应用原形，故选E。
（8）考查介词短语。句意：她要求知道谁是这次行动的负责人。根据句意表示"负责"应用固定短语in charge of，故选G。
（9）考查固定句型。句意：无可否认，我们目前花了很多时间上网。根据句意表示"无可否认"应用固定句型there is no denying that，句首单词首字母应大写，故选J。
（10）考查介词短语。句意：总之，这是一场令人失望的表演。根据句意表示"总之"应用固定短语in summary，句首单词首字母应大写，故选A。
（1）我不想卷入这种事情。
（2）不同国家的婚礼传统和习俗各不相同。
（3）幼儿的注意力范围有限，不能长时间专注于一项活动。
（4）每个人都知道如果发生火灾该怎么办吗？
（5）由三名医生和四名护士组成的医疗队迅速赶往受灾地区。
（6）他全身心地投入工作，最终达到了目标。
（7）你应该为自己说谎而感到羞愧。
（8）她要求知道谁是这次行动的负责人。
（9）无可否认，我们目前花了很多时间上网。
（10）总之，这是一场令人失望的表演。
如何做选词填空
1.根据语法，判断词性
一般的空缺都可以通过其所在的句式结构和句法成分来判断其词性，从而正确的选词，进一步缩小词的选择范围。
2.利用语境，确定词形
当确定了一个单词的词性后，可通过上下文来帮助判断其形式，如动词的人称数，时态，语态，固定短语；名词的数和所有格，形容词，副词的比较级等。
37.【答案】【小题1】an
【小题2】fifth
【小题3】has risen
【小题4】carried
【小题5】learning
【小题6】choosing
【小题7】their
【小题8】characters
【小题9】who
【小题10】globally
【解析】（1）考查冠词。句意：据俄罗斯卫星新闻网报道，俄罗斯教育和科学部副部长谢尔盖•克拉夫佐夫宣布，从2019年开始，俄罗斯全国大学入学考试将把汉语列为选修课。一门选择性的外语，应该用不定冠词an，故填an。
（2）考查序数词。句意：汉语将成为继英语、德语、法语和西班牙语之后的第五门选修课。根据句意可知应该用序数词，故填fifth。
（3）考查时态。句意：据俄罗斯一家语言研究中心进行的一项调查显示，在过去十年里，俄罗斯学习汉语的人数迅速上升。根据时间状语in the past decade，可知应该用现在完成时，the number of 做主语应该用单数形式，故填has risen。
（4）考查过去分词。句意：据俄罗斯一家语言研究中心进行的一项调查显示，在过去十年里，俄罗斯学习汉语的人数迅速上升。survey与动词carry之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词在句中做定语，故填Carried。
（5）考查动名词。句意：学习汉语的方法因人而异，越来越多的人选择在俄罗斯上大学。approach to是固定短语"接近"，to是介词，后面接动词时用动名词，故填learning。
（6）考查with的复合结构。句意：学习汉语的方法因人而异，越来越多的人选择在俄罗斯上大学。more and more people和choose之间是主动关系，用with+名词+doing在句中做状语，故填choosing。
（7）考查代词。句意：这个长达三个小时的中文测试将测试学生的听力、阅读和写作能力，第四部分将测试学生的语法、词汇和汉字。这里应该用形容词词性物主代词，他们的，故填their。
（8）考查可数名词复数。句意：这个长达三个小时的中文测试将测试学生的听力、阅读和写作能力，第四部分将测试学生的语法、词汇和汉字。汉语的特点，应该用复数形式，故填characters。
（9）考查定语从句。句意：俄罗斯教育行业内部人士证实，那些具有相关专业背景和普通话水平的人在求职时更有竞争力。those是先行词"那些人"，在定语从句中做主语，所以用who引导。故填who。
（10）考查副词。句意：根据国际中文工作委员会办公室的数据，全球约有1亿人（不包括母语人士）使用中文。此处用副词修饰动词use，故填globally。
本文是一篇说明文，据俄罗斯教育和科学部副部长谢尔盖•克拉夫佐夫宣布，俄罗斯国家高考将从2019年起将普通话作为一门选择性外语，汉语将成为第五门外语。
语法填空是通过语篇在语境中考查语法知识的运用能力，在解题前应快速浏览短文掌握大意，在读懂短文的基础上，结合短文提供的特定的语言环境去逐句分析。要解决好语法填空，离不开坚实的语法知识，有了坚实的语法知识才能对语言进行正确的分析和判断，从而答对题目。
38.【答案】Dear Jim，
Knowing that you need to take online courses because of the pandemic，I'm writing to offer some useful suggestions on how to improve your study efficiency.（写信目的）
To begin with，when taking online courses，you are supposed to stay away from electronic devices，which will undoubtedly distract your attention from time to time. 【高分句型一】By keeping a distance with them，you will find it easier to focus on your lessons. （上网课时，远离其他电子设备，专心听讲）In addition，I strongly recommend you to make a study schedule.Only when you are aware of your arrangement can you make better use of your time.【高分句型二】（制定学习计划，合理规划时间）
Hopefully，these suggestions will be of great help to you.Take good care of yourself during the pandemic.
（希望）
Yours，
Li Hua
【解析】高分句型一：To begin with，when taking online courses，you are supposed to stay away from electronic devices，which will undoubtedly distract your attention from time to time.
译文：首先，在参加在线课程时，你应该远离电子设备，这无疑会不时分散你的注意力。
分析：这句话使用了when引导的省略的时间状语从句，which引导的非限制性定语从句。
高分句型二：Only when you are aware of your arrangement can you make better use of your time.
译文：只有当你意识到你的安排时，你才能更好地利用你的时间。
分析：这句话使用了only+when引导的时间状语从句，置于句首，后面接倒装句。
这是一篇提纲类作文，需要写的内容已经给出，但是写作时不要仅仅对要点进行生硬的翻译，而是要添加些内容，使文章看起来更充实，要组成一篇通顺连贯的短文，一定要谈谈自己的看法。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。同时注意要求的字数，不要太多也不要太少。
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