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2022-2023学年吉林省长春市汽车经开三中高二（上）期末英语试卷（含答案解析）
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这是一份2022-2023学年吉林省长春市汽车经开三中高二（上）期末英语试卷（含答案解析），共20页。
2022-2023学年吉林省长春市汽车经开三中高二（上）期末英语试卷
A
Camps for Grades 6-8
Camps for Curious Minds are going virtual!Get ready for hands-on experiences this summer from the comfort of your home.Group sizes are kept small and led by two virtual counselors so that these at-home experiences are interactive and engaging.
Art and Animation （动画制作）
When：July 27-31 （1-4 pm），August 10-14 （1-4 pm）
Cost：￥ 275 / ￥ 250 PacSci members
Create and animate a story using different artistic media and styles.Campers will explore physical media to create their art and then choose from a variety of animation styles to translate it into a digital animation.
Chef University
When：July 6-10 （9 am-12 pm），August 3-7 （1-4 pm）
Cost：￥ 225 / ￥ 200 PacSci members
Get started learning basic cooking skills such as cutting，sauteing，emulsifying and baking，and about the scientific processes behind some of the most common food phenomena.
Anthrozoology
When：June 29-July 3 （9 am-12 pm），July 27-31 （1-4 pm），August 24-28 （9 am-12 pm）
Cost：￥ 225 / ￥ 200 PacSci members
Be an anthrozoologist for the week，bring your curiosities to life as we discover the relationships between humans and animals!Uncover the worlds of wildlife conservation，veterinary （兽医的） sciences and zoology.Deepen curiosity about our natural world by creating global solutions to human and wildlife interactions.
Ready，Set，Action
When：June 22-26 （9 am-12 pm），July 20-24 （1-4 pm），August 17-21 （9 am-12 pm）
Cost：￥ 225 / ￥ 200 PacSci members
We're spending so much of our time in front of screens，so let's use them to make something awesome!In just one week，we'll learn all about movie-making，storyboards，and set design.We'll explore the possibilities of using video-conference software to create unique and creative short films.
1. What does a virtual counselor do？ ______
A. Involve you in a virtual world.
B. Teach you how to edit software.
C. Make your home comfortable to live in.
D. Keep you safe at home.
2. If you want to learn about cooking in a camp，which time is the most suitable？ ______
A. July 6-10 （9 am-12 pm）. B. June 29-July 3 （9 am-12 pm）.
C. August 10-14 （1-4 pm）. D. June 22-26 （9 am-12 pm）.
3. Which camp will you sign up for if you are devoted to animal protection？ ______
A. Chef University. B. Anthrozoology.
C. Ready，Set，Action. D. Art and Animation.
B
Many schools across the US hold graduation ceremonies this time of year.In some schools，even 5 and 6-year-olds observe their graduation from kindergarten.And so can older people，much older.Meet 70-year-old Jerry Reid，who just graduated from the University of Virginia in Charlottesville.He earned a bachelor's degree.
Mr.Reid might not look like the average college student；his hair is definitely grayer.But still Jerry Reid's age is easy to forget，other UVA students know him as one of their own.Mr.Reid sat into the "Hoo Crew，" a group that cheers loudly for the school at sports events.He also joined a men's group on campus.He sang drinking songs along with many other students.Mr.Reid's school friends say they can talk to him just about anything.
About a half century ago，in his 20s，Mr.Reid was not in school.Instead，he was racing cars and chasing girls.But he says his friend Bill invited him to UVA parties. "Bill told me what a terrible life I had unless I came up here and went to school with him，" said Reid.
That was in 1963.Jerry Reid says it took him 48 years to take that advice.In 2011，he entered college.UVA Professor Luke Wright says Mr.Reid influences students.He opened the minds of the young adults.The teacher says Mr.Reid showed them that life does not end at 40.Instead，the 70-year-old college graduate believes that getting older can be the beginning of a dream.
"Remember that path that you left waits for you.It's there.It's yours.All you must do is to get out of your own way and get back to it.And，that's exactly what I did，" said Reid.Mr.Reid says that he and his wife Susan now would take some time off to enjoy his college degree.Then，he'll return to UVA to begin studying for his graduate degree.
4. What do you know about Mr.Reid from the passage？ ______
A. He got his graduate degree at the age of 70.
B. He was interested in racing cars in his youth.
C. He transformed the views of young people completely.
D. He was laughed at by other students.
5. From what he did in the university，we can infer that Mr.Reid was ______ .
A. independent B. intelligent C. energetic D. considerate
6. What does the fourth paragraph mainly discuss？ ______
A. What teachers think of Mr.Reid. B. When Mr.Reid entered college.
C. Why the students like Mr.Reid. D. How Mr.Reid realizes his dream.
7. What lesson can we learn from the story of Jerry Reid？ ______
A. Two heads are better than one.
B. Actions speak louder than words.
C. A friend in need is a friend indeed.
D. It is never too late to learn.
C
Scientists have been studying Antarctica for over a century，but details as basic as what it looks like beneath all that ice have largely remained a mystery.Now，Earther reports that a team of scientists from Denmark，Norway，the Netherlands，and the UK has published the most detailed data yet on the continent's subglacial topography （冰川下的地形）near the South Pole.
As they report in the journal Geophysical Research Letters，central Antarctica is home to three large canyons （峡谷），one of which is deeper than the Grand Canyon and nearly as wide at some points.The researchers made the discovery by flying a plane with radar over the South Pole，a spot that isn't covered by satellites.They expected to find mountains beneath the ice sheet，but the wide canyons they found between the mountains came as a surprise.
Of the three canyons，two hadn't been documented previously.The largest，the Foundation Trough （基础槽），measures 218 miles long，up to 22 miles wide，and 6，260 feet deep，putting it up there with the planet's most impressive canyons.
The discoveries are significant on their own，but the real purpose behind the research is to better understand how the West and East Antarctic ice sheets will react to rising temperatures.Human-caused climate change has made some of the continent's ice not firm，and the West Antarctic ice sheet especially has been slowly melting to the sea.If patterns continue，the coastal glaciers supporting the large ice sheets could fall down，causing sea levels to rise a minimum of 10 feet.If this happens，the canyons could be a major factor in the speed and direction of ice flow from central Antarctica to the coast.
The event isn't likely to happen in the near future，but further study o£ Antarctica's topography will allow scientists to better predict when it might.
8. Which of the following have scientists known little？ ______
A. The condition of Antarctica ice. B. The Grand Canyon.
C. The beneath of Antarctica ice. D. The shape of Antarctica ice.
9. Which of the following is found by a plane with radar？ ______
A. The mountains. B. Three large canyons.
C. Ice sheets. D. The Grand Canyon.
10. How do the scientists feel about finding the wide canyons？ ______
A. Interesting. B. Ridiculous. C. Common. D. Unexpected.
11. What's the aim of the study？ ______
A. To find out how large the three canyons are.
B. To know how ice sheets react to rising temperatures.
C. To show the importance of the three canyons.
D. To document the three canyons.
D
Even though they're not the most exciting things in the world，plants have fascinated us ever since the days of early humans.They may not do any tricks or greet us when we come home at night like a dog would，but that doesn't mean they're any less interesting than animals.
However，just when we thought we knew everything we could about them，a recent study found that plants may possess a secret ability that's gone unnoticed all this time.According to the study by Australian biologist Monica Gagliano，published in the journal Oecologia，plants may be able to hear sounds.
To come to this conclusion，Gagliano and her team planted pea seedlings in a pair of different Y-shaped pots with two arms.The first pot's arms led to fresh water，while the other's led to either dry soil or a sealed plastic tube containing flowing water.
Naturally，the first pot's seedlings grew toward the water.What's surprising，however，is that the second pot's seedlings grew toward the sealed water supply and not the soil.
They just knew the water was there，even if the only thing to detect was the sound of it flowing inside the pipe，Gagliano told Scientific American.Gagliano believes that plants are able to use their leaves to detect sound waves，which make tiny vibrations （振动） as they're produced.
This could explain why so many people believe that singing or playing music to their plants helps them grow.
I had a plant that I used to wash the leaves once a week and sing to it，plant lover Heather Goodall told BBC News.It grew from being about 2 feet tall to 7 feet tall in just a couple of years.
So，does this mean we should start treating our plants like pets？Not necessarily，although perhaps it does mean we should give them more respect.I would like to see plants acknowledged more as the amazing，interesting，exotic living beings they are，and less as a mere source of human nutrition，Fatima Cvrckova，a scientist at Charles University in the Czech Republic，told BBC News.
12. What did Gagliano' s study find？ ______
A. Different plants have different ways of detecting sounds.
B. Plants could tell the difference between various sounds.
C. Sound can change the direction plants grow toward.
D. Plants could identify the sound of water.
13. According to Gagliano，plants use their ______ to hear sound.
A. roots B. leaves C. fruits D. flowers
14. Why did the author mention Heather Goodall's example？ ______
A. To prove that music plays a role in plant growth.
B. To stress the importance of treating plants like pets.
C. To point out that plants might be more interesting than we thought.
D. To show a different way of growing plants.
15. What would Cvrckova probably agree with？ ______
A. There is still a lot we don't know about plants.
B. Most people don't care enough about their plants.
C. Plants are incredible and deserve more respect.
D. Plants are just a source of human nutrition.
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
After entering high school，you must wonder how to study well.Here are some good skills for you.
Go to class.
If you want to do well at school.going to class is the first step in studying well.If you miss classes，you will miss what the teacher thinks is important.As a result，you'll miss what is the most likely to appear on the test (1)
Take good notes.
Try not to write down everything. (2) Write down unfamiliar terms.After class，review your notes as soon as possible.You can fill in details that you missed and review the material while it is still fresh on your mind.
(3) If you are struggling（努力挣扎）in class，talk to your teacher.He or she may be able to give you more help or tutor you before or after class.Most teachers have little sympathy（同情） for students who just become worried about failing during the last few weeks of the grading period.
Take part in class discussions
In order to learn more in class，it is helpful to take part in class discussions.Asking questions and having eye contact with your teachers and classmates can increase your participation（参与）and your focus during the class discussion. (4) This helps you make your point clear in class.
Form study groups
(5) Make sure that everyone is familiar with the material because you do not want to spend time re-teaching material to people who do not understand it.Be careful!Sometimes group sessions can become chatting sessions.
A.Talk to your teacher if you need help.
B.You should write down all the new terms.
C.So if you want to study well，go to every class.
D.Get students together who want to do well in class.
E.All you need is to put the main points in your own words.
F.If the material is difficult，you'd better read it before class.
G.Don't be late for your class.
16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Days after Argentina canceled all international flights to protect the country from COVID-19，Manuel Ballestero(21)his journey home the only way possible.He stepped aboard his small sailboat for an 85-day journey back.
The 47-year-old sailor could have stayed on the tiny Portuguese island of Porto Santo，to (22)the time of lockdowns in a scenic place largely free of the(23).But the thought of living away from his family，especially his father who was soon to turn 90，was unbearable .So he loaded his 29-foot boat with canned food and (24)in mid-March.
A particularly(25)aspect of this awful period was the inability of an untold number of people to rush home to help loved ones.Friends tried to(26)Mr.Ballestero from starting the risky journey and the (27)in Portugal（葡萄牙）warned him he might not be allowed to reenter（重返）if he ran into trouble and had to(28) .But he was determined.
Sailing across the Atlantic is challenging in the best of circumstances.The added difficulties of doing it during a pandemic became (29)three weeks into the trip.On April 12，the authorities（当局）in Cape Verde (30) him to dock at the island nation to get a new supply of food and fuel.He was experienced in spending long time at sea，but being(31)on the open ocean is frightening to even the most experienced sailor.
Learning about his voyage，people bored at home were impressed.He(32)created an Instagram account to(33)the final leg of the trip.
"Entering my port where I learned how to sail gave me the taste of a（n）(34)accomplished，" Juan said.
(35) Mr.Ballestero didn't get to celebrate his father's 90th birthday in May，he did make it home in time for Father's Day.
21. A. started B. changed C. stopped D. expected
22. A. survive B. reflect C. shift D. share
23. A. gene B. cell C. poison D. virus
24. A. settled down B. set out C. went on D. took off
25. A. complex B. important C. painful D. dangerous
26. A. discourage B. ban C. save D. protect
27. A. citizens B. government C. reporters D. relatives
28. A. give up B. give in C. turn away D. turn back
29. A. obvious B. minor C. common D. different
30. A. threatened B. prohibited C. urged D. forced
31. A. forgotten B. deserted C. awake D. alone
32. A. yet B. still C. even D. just
33. A. serve B. document C. instruct D. afford
34. A. experiment B. exploration C. skill D. mission
35. A. Unless B. Since C. While D. As
36. 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Climate Change Requires The World's Attention
There is little doubt that Earth (1) （ get） warmer and warmer.In 2013，a lot of people were shocked by a news photo of a dead polar bear which appeared to have starved and died.This (2) （ alarm） case showed how the increase in temperature had an impact (3) Earth's ecology.
Climate scientists often mention a key climate process (4) （ call） the "greenhouse effect"， (5) has two common meanings.Without the "natural" greenhouse effect，Earth could not sustain life.However，the "man-made" greenhouse effect has now become a big problem because more heat energy (6) （ trap） in the atmosphere，causing Earth's surface temperature to rise quickly.
There is strong and comprehensive evidence that the rise in temperature has led to an increase in extreme weather and (7) （ nature） disasters worldwide，not only causing serious damage，but also costing human lives.Climate scientists have warned that if we do not take appropriate actions，this warming trend will (8) （ probable） continue and there will be a higher price (9) （ pay）.
Governments need to consider making policies and taking appropriate actions and measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.We as individuals can also reduce our "carbon footprint".It is our (10) （ responsible） to seize every opportunity to educate everyone about global warming，along with its causes and impacts.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
37. Our country is like a big family，c ______（由……组成） of fifty-six nations.
38. One of his a ______（雄心） is to become a musician.
39. Lots of people find it hard to get up in the morning and put the b ______（责任） on the alarm clock.
40. Unfortunately，one of the v ______（受害者） of the fire remains in a critical condition.
41. Nowhere else in the world can you see such beautiful s ______（风景） as in Guilin.
42. Five excellent students were s ______（精选） to take part in the Spoken English Competition for our school.
43. One reason for my p ______（偏爱） for living in the countryside is that it has no air pollution or traffic jams.
44. It is i ______（难以置信的） that he managed to finish all summer holiday homework in just one day.
45. The other two areas which British English and American English d ______（相异）in are spelling and pronunciation.
46. People have different reactions to the news，so it was impossible to make ______（假设）.
47. 上周三下午你们班有五位同学不请假离校去看一位明星的演唱会，回来后还向同学炫耀。昨天，你们班围绕 "追星族"现象进行了一次讨论，同学们就"追星"（star-worshipping）的现象、原因等展开了讨论。请就此用英文写一篇短文。
短文必须包括：
（1）讨论会情况的描述。
（2）你对"追星族"现象的看法。
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】A、A、B
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据文章第一段Group sizes are kept small and led by two virtual counselors so that these at-home experiencesare interactive and engaging. （小组人数保持在较小的规模，由两位虚拟顾问领导，这样这些在家的体验是互动和吸引人的。）由此可知，虚拟顾问就是帮助你参与到虚拟世界中。故选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据文章Chef University ，When：July 6- 10 （9 am-12 pm），August 3-7 （1-4 pm）厨师大学，时间：7月6日至10日（上午9时至下午12时） ，8月3日至7日（下午1至4时） ，由此可知，如果你现在夏令营中学习做饭，A的时间最合适，故选A。
（3）细节理解题。根据文章Anthrozoology中的描述 Be an anthrozoologist for the week ，bring your curiosities to life as we discoverthe relationships between humans and animals!Uncover the worlds of wildlife conservation ，veterinary （兽医的） sciences andzoology.Deepen curiosity about our natural world by creating global solutions to human and wildlife interactions. （ 做一星期的人类动物学家吧，带着你的好奇心去探索人类和动物之间的关系!揭开野生动物保护、兽医科学和动物学的世界。通过创造人类与野生动物互动的全球解决方案，加深人们对自然世界的好奇心。） 由此可知，如果你致力于动物保护，你会报名参加Anthrozoology。故选B。
本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了几项6-8年级的夏令营活动。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
4~7.【答案】C、C、A、D
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据原文第六段UVA Professor Luke Wright says Mr.Reid influences students.He opened the minds of the young adults.The teacher says Mr.Reid showed them that life does not end at 40.Instead，the 70-year-old college graduate believes that getting older can be the beginning of a dream.（弗吉尼亚大学教授卢克•赖特（Luke Wright）表示，里德影响了学生。他开阔了年轻人的眼界。这位老师说，里德先生向他们表明，生命并不会在40岁时结束。相反，这位70岁的大学毕业生认为，变老可能是梦想的开始。）可知，Reid先生让他们知道40岁并不是人生事业的结束，衰老依然可以追寻梦想，这改变了年轻学生的视野。故选C。
（2）观点态度题。根据原文第三段Mr.Reid sat into the "Hoo Crew，" a group that cheers loudly for the school at sports events.He also joined a men's group on campus.He sang drinking songs along with many other students.（里德先生加入了Hoo Crew，这是一群在体育赛事上为学校大声欢呼的人。他还加入了校园里的一个男子团体。他和其他学生一起唱起了饮酒歌。可知，70岁的Reid参加了体育比赛的啦啦队，加入男子团体队，和年轻学生一起唱饮酒歌，无话不谈。）故可以推测他是精力充沛的。A.independent独立的；B.intelligent 聪明的；C.energetic精力充沛的；D.considerate体贴的。故选C。
（3）段落大意题。根据该段中的句子UVA Professor Luke Wright says Mr.Reid influences students.He opened the minds of the young adults.（弗吉尼亚大学教授卢克•赖特（Luke Wright）表示，里德影响了学生。他开阔了年轻人的眼界。）可知，Reid先生影响了学生。他打开了年轻一代的视野。这是Luke Wright教授对他的一种评价。故选A。
（4）推理判断题。通读全文，可知本文主要讲述了一位70高龄的老者依然矢志不渝地上大学并成功毕业。这可知从杰瑞•里德的故事中学到"活到老，学到老"。故选D。
本文属于记叙文阅读，作者通过这篇文章主要向我们讲述了Jerry Reid，一位70高龄的老者依然矢志不渝地上大学并成功毕业，他打开了年轻学生的视野，让他们知道任何年龄都可以是梦想的开始，作者旨在鼓励读者"活到老，学到老"。
考查记叙文。做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
8~11.【答案】C、B、D、B
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段中Scientists have been studying Antarctica for over a century，but details as basic as what it looks like beneath all that ice have largely remained a mystery.（科学家们对南极洲的研究已有一个多世纪了，但是关于所有冰下究竟是什么样的细节，在很大程度上还是一个谜）可知，科学家对于南极冰下是什么样的知之甚少。故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据第二段中As they report in the journal Geophysical Research Letters，central Antarctica is home to three large canyons （峡谷），one of which is deeper than the Grand Canyon and nearly as wide at some points.The researchers made the discovery by flying a plane with radar over the South Pole，（正如他们在杂志《地球物理研究快报》上说的那样，南极的中部是三个大峡谷的所在地，其中一个峡谷比大峡谷深，在某些点上几乎与大峡谷一样宽。研究人员在南极上空驾驶一架带雷达的飞机发现了这一现象）可知，带雷达的飞机发现了位于南极中部的三个大峡谷。故选B。
（3）推理判断题。根据第二段的They expected to find mountains beneath the ice sheet，but the wide canyons they found between the mountains came as a surprise.（他们期望在冰盖下找到山脉，但在山脉之间发现的宽阔峡谷却让他们大吃一惊。）可推知，发现大峡谷让科学家感到意外。故选D。
（4）目的意图题。根据第四段的The discoveries are significant on their own，but the real purpose behind the research is to better understand how the West and East Antarctic ice sheets will react to rising temperatures.（这项发现本身具有重大意义，但这项研究背后的真正目的是更好的了解南极东西方的冰盖对上升气温的反应）可知，这项研究的真正目的是了解南极冰盖会对上升的气温做出怎样的反应。故选B。
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家们意外发现了南极中心的三个大峡谷，这项发现本身具有重大意义，但这项研究背后的真正目的是更好的了解南极东西方的冰盖对上升气温的反应。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
12~15.【答案】D、B、A、C
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段中According to the study by Australian biologist Monica Gagliano，published in the journal Oecologia，plants may be able to hear sounds.（根据澳大利亚生物学家Monica Gagliano发表在《Oecologia》杂志上的研究，植物可能能够听到声音）和第四段中Naturally，the first pot's seedlings grew toward the water.What's surprising，however，is that the second pot's seedlings grew toward the sealed water supply and not the soil.（自然而然地，第一个罐子里的幼苗朝着水生长。然而，令人惊讶的是，第二个罐子的幼苗朝向密封的水源而不是土壤生长）可知，植物可以听到水的声音，并朝着有水的方向生长。D项"植物可以识别水的声音"表述正确，故选D。
（2）细节理解题。根据第五段中Gagliano believes that plants are able to use their leaves to detect sound waves（Gagliano相信植物能够利用它们的叶子来探测声波）可知，根据Gagliano的说法，植物利用它们的叶子来听到声音。故选B。
（3）推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中This could explain why so many people believe that singing or playing music to their plants helps them grow.（这能够解释为什么一些人认为对植物唱歌或播放音乐有助它们的生长）可知，作者举Heather Goodall的例子是为了证明播放音乐有助于植物的生长。故选A。
（4）推理判断题。根据最后一段中I would like to see plants acknowledged more as the amazing，interesting，exotic living beings they are，and less as a mere source of human nutrition，Fatima Cvrckova，a scientist at Charles University in the Czech Republic，told BBC News.（捷克共和国查尔斯大学的科学家Fatima Cvrckova接受BBC采访时说，我希望看到植物更多地被认为是令人惊叹的、有趣的、奇异的生物，而不仅仅是人类营养的来源）可推测，Fatima Cvrckova认为植物是令人惊叹的、有趣的、奇异的生物，不应该只是人类的食物，应该得到人们的尊重。C项"植物是不可思议的，且值得人们更多的尊重"符合题意，故选C。
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家通过做实验，证明了植物可以通过叶子的震动来根据声波去判断水源的位置。植物可能有一种神秘的听觉能力。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
16~20.【答案】C、E、A、F、D
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据前文If you miss classes，you will miss what the teacher thinks is important.As a result，you'll miss what is the most likely to appear on the test（如果你错过了课，你就会错过老师认为重要的东西。因此，你会错过最有可能出现在考试中的东西），可知表示"所以，如果你想学习好，就去上每节课"的选项C符合前后的语境，miss classes是关键词，故选C。
（2）推理判断题。根据前句Try not to write down everything（尽量不要把一切都写下来），可知表示"你所需要的就是用你自己的话表达要点"的选项E符合前后的语境，write down everything和put the main points in your own words是关键词，故选E。
（3）主题判断题。根据后句If you are struggling（努力挣扎）in class，talk to your teacher（如果你在课堂上有困难，和你的老师谈谈），可知表示"如果你需要帮助，请和你的老师谈谈"的选项A符合本段的主题，talk to your teacher是关键词，故选A。
（4）推理判断题。根据后句This helps you make your point clear in class（这有助于你在课堂上明确表达自己的观点），可知表示"如果材料很难，你最好在上课前读一下"的选项F符合前后的语境，This代指read it before class，故选F。
（5）主题判断题。根据后文Make sure that everyone is familiar with the material because you do not want to spend time re-teaching material to people who do not understand it.Be careful!Sometimes group sessions can become chatting sessions（确保每个人都熟悉材料，因为你不想花时间向不懂材料的人重新教授材料。小心！有时小组会议可以变成聊天会议），可知表示"让那些想在课堂上表现好的学生聚在一起"的选项D符合本段从主题，group sessions是关键词，故选D。
本文是一篇说明文。作者介绍了一些高中生可以利用的学习技巧。
这是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子。解题时，要注意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词），选出最符合语境的句子。
21~35.【答案】A、A、D、B、C、A、B、D、A、B、D、C、B、D、C
【解析】（1）考查动词及语境理解。A.started开始；B.changed改变；C.stopped停止；D.expected期盼。句意：在阿根廷取消了所有国际航班以保护阿根廷免受新冠肺炎袭击的几天后，Manuel Ballestero开始了他唯一可能的回家之旅。根据后文"So he loaded his 29-foot boat with canned food and in mid-March."可知，他决定坐船回家，开启回家之旅。故选A项。
（2）考查动词及语境理解。A.survive存活；B.reflect反映；C.shift切换；D.share分享。句意：这位47岁的水手本可以留在葡萄牙的小岛屿波尔图桑托，在一个基本上没有病毒的风景优美的地方度过封锁期。根据上文"The 47-year-old sailor could have stayed on the tiny Portuguese island of Porto Santo"可知，他可以待在小岛上存活下来。故选A项。
（3）考查名词及语境理解。A.gene基因；B.cell细胞；C.poison毒；D.virus病毒。句意：这位47岁的水手本可以留在葡萄牙的小岛屿波尔图桑托，在一个基本上没有病毒的风景优美的地方度过封锁期。根据前文"Days after Argentina canceled all international flights to protect the country from COVID-19"可知，在疫情期间待在小岛上是可以躲避病毒。故选D项。
（4）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.settled down定居；B.set out出发；C.went on继续；D.took off起飞。句意：因此，他在29英尺长的船上装上罐头食品，于3月中旬出发。根据上文"So he loaded his 29-foot boat with canned food"可知，他29英尺长的船上装满了罐头食品，准备出发。故选B项。
（5）考查形容词及语境理解。A.complex复杂的；B.important重要的；C.painful痛苦的；D.dangerous危险的。句意：这段可怕时期的一个特别痛苦的方面是，无数人无法赶回家去帮助他们所爱的人。根据后文"aspect of this awful period was the inability of an untold number of people to rush home to help loved ones."可知，这是很痛苦的一个方面。故选C项。
（6）考查动词及语境理解。A.discourage使泄气；B.ban禁止；C.save拯救；D.protect保护。句意：朋友们试图劝阻巴列斯特罗不要踏上这条充满风险的道路，葡萄牙政府警告他，如果他遇到麻烦而不得不回头，可能不允许他重新进入这个国家。根据下文"Mr.Ballestero from starting the risky journey"可知，他的朋友们在劝阻他不要冒险。故选A项。
（7）考查名词及语境理解。A.citizens市民；B.government政府；C.reporters记者；D.relatives亲戚。句意：朋友们试图劝阻巴列斯特罗不要踏上这条充满风险的道路，葡萄牙政府警告他，如果他遇到麻烦而不得不回头，可能不允许他重新进入这个国家。根据下文"warned him he might not be allowed to reenter"可知，葡萄牙政府警告他，如果他遇到麻烦，不得不返回，可能不允许他再次入境。故选B项。
（8）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.give up放弃；B.give in屈服；C.turn away转身离开；D.turn back返回。句意：朋友们试图劝阻巴列斯特罗不要踏上这条充满风险的道路，葡萄牙政府警告他，如果他遇到麻烦而不得不回头，可能不允许他重新进入这个国家。根据上文"he might not be allowed to reenter"可知葡萄牙政府警告他，如果他遇到麻烦，不得不返回，可能不允许他再次入境。故选D项。
（9）考查形容词及语境理解。A.obvious明显的；B.minor少数的；C.common普通的；D.different不同的。句意：在疫情旅行的第三周，做这件事的额外困难变得很明显。根据后文"On April 12，the authorities（当局） in Cape Verde him to dock at the island nation to get a new supply of food and fuel."可知，他不被允许补充食物和加油，因此可知困难变得越来越明显。故选A项。
（10）考查动词及语境理解。A.threatened威胁；B.prohibited禁止；C.urged要求；D.forced强迫。句意：4月12日，佛得角当局禁止他在这个岛国停靠，以获得新的食物和燃料供应。根据上文"The added difficulties of doing it during a pandemic"可知，在疫情期间存在着许多困难，说明4月12日，佛得角当局禁止他在这个岛国停靠，以获得新的食物和燃料供应。故选B项。
（11）考查形容词及语境理解。A.forgotten忘记的；B.deserted抛弃的；C.awake醒着的；D.alone单独的。句意：他有在海上呆很长时间的经验，但是独自一人在公海上对最有经验的水手来说也是可怕的。根据前文"He stepped aboard his small sailboat for an 85-day journey back."可知，他登上他的小帆船，开始了为期85天的返程，说明他是单独在海上航行。故选D项。
（12）考查副词及语境理解。A.yet已经；B.still仍然；C.even甚至；D.just只是。句意：他甚至创建了一个Instagram账户来记录旅行的最后一站。根据后文"created an Instagram account to"可知，他甚至创建了一个Instagram账户来记录旅行的最后一站。故选C项。
（13）考查动词及语境理解。A.serve服务；B.document记录；C.instruct指导；D.afford担负得起。句意：他甚至创建了一个Instagram账户来记录旅行的最后一站。根据后文"the final leg of the trip"可知是记录旅行的最后一站。故选B项。
（14）考查名词及语境理解。A.experiment实验；B.exploration探索；C.skill技能；D.mission使命。句意："进入我学习如何航行的港口给了我一种完成使命的感觉，"Juan说。根据前文"He stepped aboard his small sailboat for an 85-day journey back."可知这对他来说就是完成了一个使命。故选D项。
（15）考查连词及语境理解。A.Unless除非；B.Since既然；C.While虽然；D.As正如。句意：虽然Mr.Ballestero没能在5月份庆祝他父亲的90岁生日，但他在父亲节那天及时赶了回来。根据后文"Mr.Ballestero didn't get to celebrate his father's 90th birthday in May"可知，前后句是转折关系。故选C项。
这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Ballestero在疫情爆发封城的情况下，没有交通工具，仍坚决划船回家，与家人共渡难关的故事。
近几年高考试题中的完形填空有新的变化，试题所涉及的知识面不断拓宽，综合难度不断提高。做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅，用词得当，意思正确。
36.【答案】【小题1】is getting
【小题2】alarming
【小题3】on/upon
【小题4】called
【小题5】which
【小题6】is trapped
【小题7】natural
【小题8】probably
【小题9】to pay
【小题10】responsibility
【解析】（1）考查动词时态。句意：毫无疑问，地球正变得越来越暖。所填动词为从句谓语动词，用现在进行时表"发展趋向"这一含义。从句主语为第三人称单数，用"is doing"结构。故填is getting。
（2）考查形容词。句意：这一令人担忧的案例表明，气温升高对地球生态产生了影响。空处应用形容词修饰空后名词"case"，作定语，意为"令人担忧的"。故填alarming。
（3）考查介词。句意：这一令人担忧的案例表明，气温升高对地球生态产生了影响。"have an impact on/upon sth"，固定短语，意为"对……有影响"。故填on/upon。
（4）考查过去分词。句意：气候科学家经常提到一个被称为"温室效应"的关键气候过程，它有两个共同的含义。所填动词为非谓语，后置定语修饰名词climate process，动词"call"与其之间为被动关系，用过去分词形式。故填called。
（5）考查非限制性定语从句。句意：气候科学家经常提到一个被称为"温室效应"的关键气候过程，它有两个共同的含义。分析可知，"（5）______ has two common meanings"为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a key climate process，指物，且在从句中作主语，用关系代词which引导从句。故填which。
（6）考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：然而，"人为"温室效应现在已经成为一个大问题，因为更多的热能被困在大气中，导致地球表面温度迅速上升。结合语境时态为一般现在时，动词"trap"与主语"more heat energy"之间为被动关系，主语为第三人称单数，用一般现在时被动语态结构：is done。故填is trapped。
（7）考查形容词。句意：有强有力和全面的证据表明，气温上升已导致全球极端天气和自然灾害的增加，不仅造成严重破坏，还造成了人员伤亡。形容词作定语修饰空后名词"disasters"。"nature"，名词，意为"自然"，其形容词形式为"natural（自然的）"。故填natural。
（8）考查副词。句意：气候科学家警告说，如果我们不采取适当的行动，这种变暖趋势可能会持续下去，我们将付出更高的代价。副词作状语修饰动词"continue"。"probable"，形容词，意为"可能的"，其副词形式为"probably（很可能，或许）"。故填probably。
（9）考查动词不定式。句意：气候科学家警告说，如果我们不采取适当的行动，这种变暖趋势可能会持续下去，我们将付出更高的代价。所填动词应是动词不定式作后置定语，表"将要，被动"含义。故填to pay。
（10）考查不可数名词。句意：我们有责任抓住每一个机会，让每个人都了解全球变暖及其原因和影响。"our"为形容词性物主代词，作定语修饰名词，因此所填应是名词。"responsible"，形容词，意为"负责的"，其名词形式为"responsibility（责任）"，为不可数名词。故填responsibility。
这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了全球变暖已成趋势，而其造成的后果的不仅危害了自然界的动植物，也危害了人类自己。因此我们有责任抓住每一个机会，让每个人都了解全球变暖及其原因和影响。
做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识。
37.【答案】onsisting
【解析】根据括号内词义，"由……组成"可译为consist of，与country之间是主谓关系，为非谓语动词，用现在分词短语作状语。
故填：consisting。
我们的国家就像一个大家庭，由56个民族组成。
考查翻译填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。
38.【答案】mbitions
【解析】根据括号内词义，"雄心 "可译为ambition，ambition是可数名词，one of后面需加名词复数形式。
故填：ambitions。
他的雄心之一是成为一名音乐家。
完成句子，要弄清楚各种句子即简单句，并列句和复合句的结构及连接词和句意，然后按要求完成句子。
39.【答案】lame
【解析】根据括号内词义，"责任 "可译为blame。短语put the blame on sth.表示"将责任归咎于……"。
故填：blame。
很多人发现早上很难起床，就把责任归咎于闹钟。
完成句子，要弄清楚各种句子即简单句，并列句和复合句的结构及连接词和句意，然后按要求完成句子。
40.【答案】ictims
【解析】根据括号内词义，"受害者 "可译为victim，根据one of the可知需要名词复数形式。
故填：victims。
不幸的是，火灾中的一名受害者仍然情况危急。
完成句子，要弄清楚各种句子即简单句，并列句和复合句的结构及连接词和句意，然后按要求完成句子。
41.【答案】cenery
【解析】根据括号内词义，"风景 "可译为scenery，是不可数名词，所以用原形。
故填：scenery。
世界上没有其他地方能像桂林这样美丽的景色。
完成句子，要弄清楚各种句子即简单句，并列句和复合句的结构及连接词和句意，然后按要求完成句子。
42.【答案】elected
【解析】根据括号内词义，"精选 "可译为select，根据句意再结合前面的Five excellent students和select之间是被动关系，可知用过去分词构成被动。
故填：selected。
我们学校选出了五名优秀学生参加英语口语比赛。
完成句子，要弄清楚各种句子即简单句，并列句和复合句的结构及连接词和句意，然后按要求完成句子。
43.【答案】reference
【解析】根据括号内词义，" 偏爱"可译为preference，是不可数名词，所以应用原形。
故填：preference。
我偏好住在农村的一个理由是农村没有空气污染、没有交通堵塞。
完成句子，要弄清楚各种句子即简单句，并列句和复合句的结构及连接词和句意，然后按要求完成句子。
44.【答案】ncredible
【解析】根据首字母结合括号内词义，"难以置信的"可译为incredible，根据is可知此处填形容词。
故填：incredible。
令人难以置信的是，他竟然在一天内完成了所有暑假作业。
做这类题型，首先根据所给汉语明确句子所要考查的单词或短语的拼写，再结合相关语法知识对单词或短语做出形式上的变化。
45.【答案】iffer
【解析】根据括号内词义"相异"可知应用短语differ in，结合句意可知表示的是一般事实，所以用一般现在时，主语是The other two areas，所以谓语动词用复数。
故填：differ。
英式英语和美式英语的另外两个不同之处是拼写和发音。
完成句子，要弄清楚各种句子即简单句，并列句和复合句的结构及连接词和句意，然后按要求完成句子。
46.【答案】assumptions
【解析】分析句子可知，空处作动词make的宾语，应填名词，assumption"假设"是可数名词，此处应用复数形式表泛指。
故填：assumptions。
人们对新闻的反应不同，因此无法做出假设。
做这类题型，首先根据所给汉语明确句子所要考查的单词或短语的拼写，再结合相关语法知识对单词或短语做出形式上的变化。
47.【答案】Last week we had a heated discussion in our class on the issue of pursuing celebrities，in which we talked about the phenomenon and the reasons.【高分句型一】（点明主题）
Recently，young people have spent a lot of time and money chasing stars.Some students even skip class to see the star's concert，which is very naive.There are also some reasons behind this phenomenon.Their crazy behavior shows that they are under great pressure and lack sense of trust.【高分句型二】Being fans can bring them sense of security to some degree and the fact that celebrities often lead the fashion trend of modern times also contributes to their admiration.（讨论会情况的描述）
As for me，I think we students should try to achieve the balance between chasing celebrities and studying hard because after all，accumulating knowledge and learning skills are our main task at present.（你对"追星族"现象的看法）
【解析】高分句型一：Last week we had a heated discussion in our class on the issue of pursuing celebrities，in which we talked about the phenomenon and the reasons
翻译：上周，我们在课堂上就追求名人的问题进行了激烈的讨论，讨论了这一现象及其原因。
分析：本句使用了介词in+which引导的非限制性定语从句。
高分句型二：Their crazy behavior shows that they are under great pressure and lack sense of trust.
翻译：他们的疯狂行为表明他们承受着巨大的压力，缺乏信任感。
分析：本句使用了that引导的宾语从句。
此类作文在写作时要注意内容是否包含了所有要点。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次，平时需注意积累短语和重要句型。
2022-2023学年吉林省长春市汽车经开三中高二（上）期末英语试卷
A
Camps for Grades 6-8
Camps for Curious Minds are going virtual!Get ready for hands-on experiences this summer from the comfort of your home.Group sizes are kept small and led by two virtual counselors so that these at-home experiences are interactive and engaging.
Art and Animation （动画制作）
When：July 27-31 （1-4 pm），August 10-14 （1-4 pm）
Cost：￥ 275 / ￥ 250 PacSci members
Create and animate a story using different artistic media and styles.Campers will explore physical media to create their art and then choose from a variety of animation styles to translate it into a digital animation.
Chef University
When：July 6-10 （9 am-12 pm），August 3-7 （1-4 pm）
Cost：￥ 225 / ￥ 200 PacSci members
Get started learning basic cooking skills such as cutting，sauteing，emulsifying and baking，and about the scientific processes behind some of the most common food phenomena.
Anthrozoology
When：June 29-July 3 （9 am-12 pm），July 27-31 （1-4 pm），August 24-28 （9 am-12 pm）
Cost：￥ 225 / ￥ 200 PacSci members
Be an anthrozoologist for the week，bring your curiosities to life as we discover the relationships between humans and animals!Uncover the worlds of wildlife conservation，veterinary （兽医的） sciences and zoology.Deepen curiosity about our natural world by creating global solutions to human and wildlife interactions.
Ready，Set，Action
When：June 22-26 （9 am-12 pm），July 20-24 （1-4 pm），August 17-21 （9 am-12 pm）
Cost：￥ 225 / ￥ 200 PacSci members
We're spending so much of our time in front of screens，so let's use them to make something awesome!In just one week，we'll learn all about movie-making，storyboards，and set design.We'll explore the possibilities of using video-conference software to create unique and creative short films.
1. What does a virtual counselor do？ ______
A. Involve you in a virtual world.
B. Teach you how to edit software.
C. Make your home comfortable to live in.
D. Keep you safe at home.
2. If you want to learn about cooking in a camp，which time is the most suitable？ ______
A. July 6-10 （9 am-12 pm）. B. June 29-July 3 （9 am-12 pm）.
C. August 10-14 （1-4 pm）. D. June 22-26 （9 am-12 pm）.
3. Which camp will you sign up for if you are devoted to animal protection？ ______
A. Chef University. B. Anthrozoology.
C. Ready，Set，Action. D. Art and Animation.
B
Many schools across the US hold graduation ceremonies this time of year.In some schools，even 5 and 6-year-olds observe their graduation from kindergarten.And so can older people，much older.Meet 70-year-old Jerry Reid，who just graduated from the University of Virginia in Charlottesville.He earned a bachelor's degree.
Mr.Reid might not look like the average college student；his hair is definitely grayer.But still Jerry Reid's age is easy to forget，other UVA students know him as one of their own.Mr.Reid sat into the "Hoo Crew，" a group that cheers loudly for the school at sports events.He also joined a men's group on campus.He sang drinking songs along with many other students.Mr.Reid's school friends say they can talk to him just about anything.
About a half century ago，in his 20s，Mr.Reid was not in school.Instead，he was racing cars and chasing girls.But he says his friend Bill invited him to UVA parties. "Bill told me what a terrible life I had unless I came up here and went to school with him，" said Reid.
That was in 1963.Jerry Reid says it took him 48 years to take that advice.In 2011，he entered college.UVA Professor Luke Wright says Mr.Reid influences students.He opened the minds of the young adults.The teacher says Mr.Reid showed them that life does not end at 40.Instead，the 70-year-old college graduate believes that getting older can be the beginning of a dream.
"Remember that path that you left waits for you.It's there.It's yours.All you must do is to get out of your own way and get back to it.And，that's exactly what I did，" said Reid.Mr.Reid says that he and his wife Susan now would take some time off to enjoy his college degree.Then，he'll return to UVA to begin studying for his graduate degree.
4. What do you know about Mr.Reid from the passage？ ______
A. He got his graduate degree at the age of 70.
B. He was interested in racing cars in his youth.
C. He transformed the views of young people completely.
D. He was laughed at by other students.
5. From what he did in the university，we can infer that Mr.Reid was ______ .
A. independent B. intelligent C. energetic D. considerate
6. What does the fourth paragraph mainly discuss？ ______
A. What teachers think of Mr.Reid. B. When Mr.Reid entered college.
C. Why the students like Mr.Reid. D. How Mr.Reid realizes his dream.
7. What lesson can we learn from the story of Jerry Reid？ ______
A. Two heads are better than one.
B. Actions speak louder than words.
C. A friend in need is a friend indeed.
D. It is never too late to learn.
C
Scientists have been studying Antarctica for over a century，but details as basic as what it looks like beneath all that ice have largely remained a mystery.Now，Earther reports that a team of scientists from Denmark，Norway，the Netherlands，and the UK has published the most detailed data yet on the continent's subglacial topography （冰川下的地形）near the South Pole.
As they report in the journal Geophysical Research Letters，central Antarctica is home to three large canyons （峡谷），one of which is deeper than the Grand Canyon and nearly as wide at some points.The researchers made the discovery by flying a plane with radar over the South Pole，a spot that isn't covered by satellites.They expected to find mountains beneath the ice sheet，but the wide canyons they found between the mountains came as a surprise.
Of the three canyons，two hadn't been documented previously.The largest，the Foundation Trough （基础槽），measures 218 miles long，up to 22 miles wide，and 6，260 feet deep，putting it up there with the planet's most impressive canyons.
The discoveries are significant on their own，but the real purpose behind the research is to better understand how the West and East Antarctic ice sheets will react to rising temperatures.Human-caused climate change has made some of the continent's ice not firm，and the West Antarctic ice sheet especially has been slowly melting to the sea.If patterns continue，the coastal glaciers supporting the large ice sheets could fall down，causing sea levels to rise a minimum of 10 feet.If this happens，the canyons could be a major factor in the speed and direction of ice flow from central Antarctica to the coast.
The event isn't likely to happen in the near future，but further study o£ Antarctica's topography will allow scientists to better predict when it might.
8. Which of the following have scientists known little？ ______
A. The condition of Antarctica ice. B. The Grand Canyon.
C. The beneath of Antarctica ice. D. The shape of Antarctica ice.
9. Which of the following is found by a plane with radar？ ______
A. The mountains. B. Three large canyons.
C. Ice sheets. D. The Grand Canyon.
10. How do the scientists feel about finding the wide canyons？ ______
A. Interesting. B. Ridiculous. C. Common. D. Unexpected.
11. What's the aim of the study？ ______
A. To find out how large the three canyons are.
B. To know how ice sheets react to rising temperatures.
C. To show the importance of the three canyons.
D. To document the three canyons.
D
Even though they're not the most exciting things in the world，plants have fascinated us ever since the days of early humans.They may not do any tricks or greet us when we come home at night like a dog would，but that doesn't mean they're any less interesting than animals.
However，just when we thought we knew everything we could about them，a recent study found that plants may possess a secret ability that's gone unnoticed all this time.According to the study by Australian biologist Monica Gagliano，published in the journal Oecologia，plants may be able to hear sounds.
To come to this conclusion，Gagliano and her team planted pea seedlings in a pair of different Y-shaped pots with two arms.The first pot's arms led to fresh water，while the other's led to either dry soil or a sealed plastic tube containing flowing water.
Naturally，the first pot's seedlings grew toward the water.What's surprising，however，is that the second pot's seedlings grew toward the sealed water supply and not the soil.
They just knew the water was there，even if the only thing to detect was the sound of it flowing inside the pipe，Gagliano told Scientific American.Gagliano believes that plants are able to use their leaves to detect sound waves，which make tiny vibrations （振动） as they're produced.
This could explain why so many people believe that singing or playing music to their plants helps them grow.
I had a plant that I used to wash the leaves once a week and sing to it，plant lover Heather Goodall told BBC News.It grew from being about 2 feet tall to 7 feet tall in just a couple of years.
So，does this mean we should start treating our plants like pets？Not necessarily，although perhaps it does mean we should give them more respect.I would like to see plants acknowledged more as the amazing，interesting，exotic living beings they are，and less as a mere source of human nutrition，Fatima Cvrckova，a scientist at Charles University in the Czech Republic，told BBC News.
12. What did Gagliano' s study find？ ______
A. Different plants have different ways of detecting sounds.
B. Plants could tell the difference between various sounds.
C. Sound can change the direction plants grow toward.
D. Plants could identify the sound of water.
13. According to Gagliano，plants use their ______ to hear sound.
A. roots B. leaves C. fruits D. flowers
14. Why did the author mention Heather Goodall's example？ ______
A. To prove that music plays a role in plant growth.
B. To stress the importance of treating plants like pets.
C. To point out that plants might be more interesting than we thought.
D. To show a different way of growing plants.
15. What would Cvrckova probably agree with？ ______
A. There is still a lot we don't know about plants.
B. Most people don't care enough about their plants.
C. Plants are incredible and deserve more respect.
D. Plants are just a source of human nutrition.
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
After entering high school，you must wonder how to study well.Here are some good skills for you.
Go to class.
If you want to do well at school.going to class is the first step in studying well.If you miss classes，you will miss what the teacher thinks is important.As a result，you'll miss what is the most likely to appear on the test (1)
Take good notes.
Try not to write down everything. (2) Write down unfamiliar terms.After class，review your notes as soon as possible.You can fill in details that you missed and review the material while it is still fresh on your mind.
(3) If you are struggling（努力挣扎）in class，talk to your teacher.He or she may be able to give you more help or tutor you before or after class.Most teachers have little sympathy（同情） for students who just become worried about failing during the last few weeks of the grading period.
Take part in class discussions
In order to learn more in class，it is helpful to take part in class discussions.Asking questions and having eye contact with your teachers and classmates can increase your participation（参与）and your focus during the class discussion. (4) This helps you make your point clear in class.
Form study groups
(5) Make sure that everyone is familiar with the material because you do not want to spend time re-teaching material to people who do not understand it.Be careful!Sometimes group sessions can become chatting sessions.
A.Talk to your teacher if you need help.
B.You should write down all the new terms.
C.So if you want to study well，go to every class.
D.Get students together who want to do well in class.
E.All you need is to put the main points in your own words.
F.If the material is difficult，you'd better read it before class.
G.Don't be late for your class.
16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Days after Argentina canceled all international flights to protect the country from COVID-19，Manuel Ballestero(21)his journey home the only way possible.He stepped aboard his small sailboat for an 85-day journey back.
The 47-year-old sailor could have stayed on the tiny Portuguese island of Porto Santo，to (22)the time of lockdowns in a scenic place largely free of the(23).But the thought of living away from his family，especially his father who was soon to turn 90，was unbearable .So he loaded his 29-foot boat with canned food and (24)in mid-March.
A particularly(25)aspect of this awful period was the inability of an untold number of people to rush home to help loved ones.Friends tried to(26)Mr.Ballestero from starting the risky journey and the (27)in Portugal（葡萄牙）warned him he might not be allowed to reenter（重返）if he ran into trouble and had to(28) .But he was determined.
Sailing across the Atlantic is challenging in the best of circumstances.The added difficulties of doing it during a pandemic became (29)three weeks into the trip.On April 12，the authorities（当局）in Cape Verde (30) him to dock at the island nation to get a new supply of food and fuel.He was experienced in spending long time at sea，but being(31)on the open ocean is frightening to even the most experienced sailor.
Learning about his voyage，people bored at home were impressed.He(32)created an Instagram account to(33)the final leg of the trip.
"Entering my port where I learned how to sail gave me the taste of a（n）(34)accomplished，" Juan said.
(35) Mr.Ballestero didn't get to celebrate his father's 90th birthday in May，he did make it home in time for Father's Day.
21. A. started B. changed C. stopped D. expected
22. A. survive B. reflect C. shift D. share
23. A. gene B. cell C. poison D. virus
24. A. settled down B. set out C. went on D. took off
25. A. complex B. important C. painful D. dangerous
26. A. discourage B. ban C. save D. protect
27. A. citizens B. government C. reporters D. relatives
28. A. give up B. give in C. turn away D. turn back
29. A. obvious B. minor C. common D. different
30. A. threatened B. prohibited C. urged D. forced
31. A. forgotten B. deserted C. awake D. alone
32. A. yet B. still C. even D. just
33. A. serve B. document C. instruct D. afford
34. A. experiment B. exploration C. skill D. mission
35. A. Unless B. Since C. While D. As
36. 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Climate Change Requires The World's Attention
There is little doubt that Earth (1) （ get） warmer and warmer.In 2013，a lot of people were shocked by a news photo of a dead polar bear which appeared to have starved and died.This (2) （ alarm） case showed how the increase in temperature had an impact (3) Earth's ecology.
Climate scientists often mention a key climate process (4) （ call） the "greenhouse effect"， (5) has two common meanings.Without the "natural" greenhouse effect，Earth could not sustain life.However，the "man-made" greenhouse effect has now become a big problem because more heat energy (6) （ trap） in the atmosphere，causing Earth's surface temperature to rise quickly.
There is strong and comprehensive evidence that the rise in temperature has led to an increase in extreme weather and (7) （ nature） disasters worldwide，not only causing serious damage，but also costing human lives.Climate scientists have warned that if we do not take appropriate actions，this warming trend will (8) （ probable） continue and there will be a higher price (9) （ pay）.
Governments need to consider making policies and taking appropriate actions and measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.We as individuals can also reduce our "carbon footprint".It is our (10) （ responsible） to seize every opportunity to educate everyone about global warming，along with its causes and impacts.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
37. Our country is like a big family，c ______（由……组成） of fifty-six nations.
38. One of his a ______（雄心） is to become a musician.
39. Lots of people find it hard to get up in the morning and put the b ______（责任） on the alarm clock.
40. Unfortunately，one of the v ______（受害者） of the fire remains in a critical condition.
41. Nowhere else in the world can you see such beautiful s ______（风景） as in Guilin.
42. Five excellent students were s ______（精选） to take part in the Spoken English Competition for our school.
43. One reason for my p ______（偏爱） for living in the countryside is that it has no air pollution or traffic jams.
44. It is i ______（难以置信的） that he managed to finish all summer holiday homework in just one day.
45. The other two areas which British English and American English d ______（相异）in are spelling and pronunciation.
46. People have different reactions to the news，so it was impossible to make ______（假设）.
47. 上周三下午你们班有五位同学不请假离校去看一位明星的演唱会，回来后还向同学炫耀。昨天，你们班围绕 "追星族"现象进行了一次讨论，同学们就"追星"（star-worshipping）的现象、原因等展开了讨论。请就此用英文写一篇短文。
短文必须包括：
（1）讨论会情况的描述。
（2）你对"追星族"现象的看法。
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】A、A、B
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据文章第一段Group sizes are kept small and led by two virtual counselors so that these at-home experiencesare interactive and engaging. （小组人数保持在较小的规模，由两位虚拟顾问领导，这样这些在家的体验是互动和吸引人的。）由此可知，虚拟顾问就是帮助你参与到虚拟世界中。故选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据文章Chef University ，When：July 6- 10 （9 am-12 pm），August 3-7 （1-4 pm）厨师大学，时间：7月6日至10日（上午9时至下午12时） ，8月3日至7日（下午1至4时） ，由此可知，如果你现在夏令营中学习做饭，A的时间最合适，故选A。
（3）细节理解题。根据文章Anthrozoology中的描述 Be an anthrozoologist for the week ，bring your curiosities to life as we discoverthe relationships between humans and animals!Uncover the worlds of wildlife conservation ，veterinary （兽医的） sciences andzoology.Deepen curiosity about our natural world by creating global solutions to human and wildlife interactions. （ 做一星期的人类动物学家吧，带着你的好奇心去探索人类和动物之间的关系!揭开野生动物保护、兽医科学和动物学的世界。通过创造人类与野生动物互动的全球解决方案，加深人们对自然世界的好奇心。） 由此可知，如果你致力于动物保护，你会报名参加Anthrozoology。故选B。
本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了几项6-8年级的夏令营活动。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
4~7.【答案】C、C、A、D
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据原文第六段UVA Professor Luke Wright says Mr.Reid influences students.He opened the minds of the young adults.The teacher says Mr.Reid showed them that life does not end at 40.Instead，the 70-year-old college graduate believes that getting older can be the beginning of a dream.（弗吉尼亚大学教授卢克•赖特（Luke Wright）表示，里德影响了学生。他开阔了年轻人的眼界。这位老师说，里德先生向他们表明，生命并不会在40岁时结束。相反，这位70岁的大学毕业生认为，变老可能是梦想的开始。）可知，Reid先生让他们知道40岁并不是人生事业的结束，衰老依然可以追寻梦想，这改变了年轻学生的视野。故选C。
（2）观点态度题。根据原文第三段Mr.Reid sat into the "Hoo Crew，" a group that cheers loudly for the school at sports events.He also joined a men's group on campus.He sang drinking songs along with many other students.（里德先生加入了Hoo Crew，这是一群在体育赛事上为学校大声欢呼的人。他还加入了校园里的一个男子团体。他和其他学生一起唱起了饮酒歌。可知，70岁的Reid参加了体育比赛的啦啦队，加入男子团体队，和年轻学生一起唱饮酒歌，无话不谈。）故可以推测他是精力充沛的。A.independent独立的；B.intelligent 聪明的；C.energetic精力充沛的；D.considerate体贴的。故选C。
（3）段落大意题。根据该段中的句子UVA Professor Luke Wright says Mr.Reid influences students.He opened the minds of the young adults.（弗吉尼亚大学教授卢克•赖特（Luke Wright）表示，里德影响了学生。他开阔了年轻人的眼界。）可知，Reid先生影响了学生。他打开了年轻一代的视野。这是Luke Wright教授对他的一种评价。故选A。
（4）推理判断题。通读全文，可知本文主要讲述了一位70高龄的老者依然矢志不渝地上大学并成功毕业。这可知从杰瑞•里德的故事中学到"活到老，学到老"。故选D。
本文属于记叙文阅读，作者通过这篇文章主要向我们讲述了Jerry Reid，一位70高龄的老者依然矢志不渝地上大学并成功毕业，他打开了年轻学生的视野，让他们知道任何年龄都可以是梦想的开始，作者旨在鼓励读者"活到老，学到老"。
考查记叙文。做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
8~11.【答案】C、B、D、B
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段中Scientists have been studying Antarctica for over a century，but details as basic as what it looks like beneath all that ice have largely remained a mystery.（科学家们对南极洲的研究已有一个多世纪了，但是关于所有冰下究竟是什么样的细节，在很大程度上还是一个谜）可知，科学家对于南极冰下是什么样的知之甚少。故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据第二段中As they report in the journal Geophysical Research Letters，central Antarctica is home to three large canyons （峡谷），one of which is deeper than the Grand Canyon and nearly as wide at some points.The researchers made the discovery by flying a plane with radar over the South Pole，（正如他们在杂志《地球物理研究快报》上说的那样，南极的中部是三个大峡谷的所在地，其中一个峡谷比大峡谷深，在某些点上几乎与大峡谷一样宽。研究人员在南极上空驾驶一架带雷达的飞机发现了这一现象）可知，带雷达的飞机发现了位于南极中部的三个大峡谷。故选B。
（3）推理判断题。根据第二段的They expected to find mountains beneath the ice sheet，but the wide canyons they found between the mountains came as a surprise.（他们期望在冰盖下找到山脉，但在山脉之间发现的宽阔峡谷却让他们大吃一惊。）可推知，发现大峡谷让科学家感到意外。故选D。
（4）目的意图题。根据第四段的The discoveries are significant on their own，but the real purpose behind the research is to better understand how the West and East Antarctic ice sheets will react to rising temperatures.（这项发现本身具有重大意义，但这项研究背后的真正目的是更好的了解南极东西方的冰盖对上升气温的反应）可知，这项研究的真正目的是了解南极冰盖会对上升的气温做出怎样的反应。故选B。
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家们意外发现了南极中心的三个大峡谷，这项发现本身具有重大意义，但这项研究背后的真正目的是更好的了解南极东西方的冰盖对上升气温的反应。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
12~15.【答案】D、B、A、C
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段中According to the study by Australian biologist Monica Gagliano，published in the journal Oecologia，plants may be able to hear sounds.（根据澳大利亚生物学家Monica Gagliano发表在《Oecologia》杂志上的研究，植物可能能够听到声音）和第四段中Naturally，the first pot's seedlings grew toward the water.What's surprising，however，is that the second pot's seedlings grew toward the sealed water supply and not the soil.（自然而然地，第一个罐子里的幼苗朝着水生长。然而，令人惊讶的是，第二个罐子的幼苗朝向密封的水源而不是土壤生长）可知，植物可以听到水的声音，并朝着有水的方向生长。D项"植物可以识别水的声音"表述正确，故选D。
（2）细节理解题。根据第五段中Gagliano believes that plants are able to use their leaves to detect sound waves（Gagliano相信植物能够利用它们的叶子来探测声波）可知，根据Gagliano的说法，植物利用它们的叶子来听到声音。故选B。
（3）推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中This could explain why so many people believe that singing or playing music to their plants helps them grow.（这能够解释为什么一些人认为对植物唱歌或播放音乐有助它们的生长）可知，作者举Heather Goodall的例子是为了证明播放音乐有助于植物的生长。故选A。
（4）推理判断题。根据最后一段中I would like to see plants acknowledged more as the amazing，interesting，exotic living beings they are，and less as a mere source of human nutrition，Fatima Cvrckova，a scientist at Charles University in the Czech Republic，told BBC News.（捷克共和国查尔斯大学的科学家Fatima Cvrckova接受BBC采访时说，我希望看到植物更多地被认为是令人惊叹的、有趣的、奇异的生物，而不仅仅是人类营养的来源）可推测，Fatima Cvrckova认为植物是令人惊叹的、有趣的、奇异的生物，不应该只是人类的食物，应该得到人们的尊重。C项"植物是不可思议的，且值得人们更多的尊重"符合题意，故选C。
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家通过做实验，证明了植物可以通过叶子的震动来根据声波去判断水源的位置。植物可能有一种神秘的听觉能力。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
16~20.【答案】C、E、A、F、D
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据前文If you miss classes，you will miss what the teacher thinks is important.As a result，you'll miss what is the most likely to appear on the test（如果你错过了课，你就会错过老师认为重要的东西。因此，你会错过最有可能出现在考试中的东西），可知表示"所以，如果你想学习好，就去上每节课"的选项C符合前后的语境，miss classes是关键词，故选C。
（2）推理判断题。根据前句Try not to write down everything（尽量不要把一切都写下来），可知表示"你所需要的就是用你自己的话表达要点"的选项E符合前后的语境，write down everything和put the main points in your own words是关键词，故选E。
（3）主题判断题。根据后句If you are struggling（努力挣扎）in class，talk to your teacher（如果你在课堂上有困难，和你的老师谈谈），可知表示"如果你需要帮助，请和你的老师谈谈"的选项A符合本段的主题，talk to your teacher是关键词，故选A。
（4）推理判断题。根据后句This helps you make your point clear in class（这有助于你在课堂上明确表达自己的观点），可知表示"如果材料很难，你最好在上课前读一下"的选项F符合前后的语境，This代指read it before class，故选F。
（5）主题判断题。根据后文Make sure that everyone is familiar with the material because you do not want to spend time re-teaching material to people who do not understand it.Be careful!Sometimes group sessions can become chatting sessions（确保每个人都熟悉材料，因为你不想花时间向不懂材料的人重新教授材料。小心！有时小组会议可以变成聊天会议），可知表示"让那些想在课堂上表现好的学生聚在一起"的选项D符合本段从主题，group sessions是关键词，故选D。
本文是一篇说明文。作者介绍了一些高中生可以利用的学习技巧。
这是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子。解题时，要注意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词），选出最符合语境的句子。
21~35.【答案】A、A、D、B、C、A、B、D、A、B、D、C、B、D、C
【解析】（1）考查动词及语境理解。A.started开始；B.changed改变；C.stopped停止；D.expected期盼。句意：在阿根廷取消了所有国际航班以保护阿根廷免受新冠肺炎袭击的几天后，Manuel Ballestero开始了他唯一可能的回家之旅。根据后文"So he loaded his 29-foot boat with canned food and in mid-March."可知，他决定坐船回家，开启回家之旅。故选A项。
（2）考查动词及语境理解。A.survive存活；B.reflect反映；C.shift切换；D.share分享。句意：这位47岁的水手本可以留在葡萄牙的小岛屿波尔图桑托，在一个基本上没有病毒的风景优美的地方度过封锁期。根据上文"The 47-year-old sailor could have stayed on the tiny Portuguese island of Porto Santo"可知，他可以待在小岛上存活下来。故选A项。
（3）考查名词及语境理解。A.gene基因；B.cell细胞；C.poison毒；D.virus病毒。句意：这位47岁的水手本可以留在葡萄牙的小岛屿波尔图桑托，在一个基本上没有病毒的风景优美的地方度过封锁期。根据前文"Days after Argentina canceled all international flights to protect the country from COVID-19"可知，在疫情期间待在小岛上是可以躲避病毒。故选D项。
（4）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.settled down定居；B.set out出发；C.went on继续；D.took off起飞。句意：因此，他在29英尺长的船上装上罐头食品，于3月中旬出发。根据上文"So he loaded his 29-foot boat with canned food"可知，他29英尺长的船上装满了罐头食品，准备出发。故选B项。
（5）考查形容词及语境理解。A.complex复杂的；B.important重要的；C.painful痛苦的；D.dangerous危险的。句意：这段可怕时期的一个特别痛苦的方面是，无数人无法赶回家去帮助他们所爱的人。根据后文"aspect of this awful period was the inability of an untold number of people to rush home to help loved ones."可知，这是很痛苦的一个方面。故选C项。
（6）考查动词及语境理解。A.discourage使泄气；B.ban禁止；C.save拯救；D.protect保护。句意：朋友们试图劝阻巴列斯特罗不要踏上这条充满风险的道路，葡萄牙政府警告他，如果他遇到麻烦而不得不回头，可能不允许他重新进入这个国家。根据下文"Mr.Ballestero from starting the risky journey"可知，他的朋友们在劝阻他不要冒险。故选A项。
（7）考查名词及语境理解。A.citizens市民；B.government政府；C.reporters记者；D.relatives亲戚。句意：朋友们试图劝阻巴列斯特罗不要踏上这条充满风险的道路，葡萄牙政府警告他，如果他遇到麻烦而不得不回头，可能不允许他重新进入这个国家。根据下文"warned him he might not be allowed to reenter"可知，葡萄牙政府警告他，如果他遇到麻烦，不得不返回，可能不允许他再次入境。故选B项。
（8）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.give up放弃；B.give in屈服；C.turn away转身离开；D.turn back返回。句意：朋友们试图劝阻巴列斯特罗不要踏上这条充满风险的道路，葡萄牙政府警告他，如果他遇到麻烦而不得不回头，可能不允许他重新进入这个国家。根据上文"he might not be allowed to reenter"可知葡萄牙政府警告他，如果他遇到麻烦，不得不返回，可能不允许他再次入境。故选D项。
（9）考查形容词及语境理解。A.obvious明显的；B.minor少数的；C.common普通的；D.different不同的。句意：在疫情旅行的第三周，做这件事的额外困难变得很明显。根据后文"On April 12，the authorities（当局） in Cape Verde him to dock at the island nation to get a new supply of food and fuel."可知，他不被允许补充食物和加油，因此可知困难变得越来越明显。故选A项。
（10）考查动词及语境理解。A.threatened威胁；B.prohibited禁止；C.urged要求；D.forced强迫。句意：4月12日，佛得角当局禁止他在这个岛国停靠，以获得新的食物和燃料供应。根据上文"The added difficulties of doing it during a pandemic"可知，在疫情期间存在着许多困难，说明4月12日，佛得角当局禁止他在这个岛国停靠，以获得新的食物和燃料供应。故选B项。
（11）考查形容词及语境理解。A.forgotten忘记的；B.deserted抛弃的；C.awake醒着的；D.alone单独的。句意：他有在海上呆很长时间的经验，但是独自一人在公海上对最有经验的水手来说也是可怕的。根据前文"He stepped aboard his small sailboat for an 85-day journey back."可知，他登上他的小帆船，开始了为期85天的返程，说明他是单独在海上航行。故选D项。
（12）考查副词及语境理解。A.yet已经；B.still仍然；C.even甚至；D.just只是。句意：他甚至创建了一个Instagram账户来记录旅行的最后一站。根据后文"created an Instagram account to"可知，他甚至创建了一个Instagram账户来记录旅行的最后一站。故选C项。
（13）考查动词及语境理解。A.serve服务；B.document记录；C.instruct指导；D.afford担负得起。句意：他甚至创建了一个Instagram账户来记录旅行的最后一站。根据后文"the final leg of the trip"可知是记录旅行的最后一站。故选B项。
（14）考查名词及语境理解。A.experiment实验；B.exploration探索；C.skill技能；D.mission使命。句意："进入我学习如何航行的港口给了我一种完成使命的感觉，"Juan说。根据前文"He stepped aboard his small sailboat for an 85-day journey back."可知这对他来说就是完成了一个使命。故选D项。
（15）考查连词及语境理解。A.Unless除非；B.Since既然；C.While虽然；D.As正如。句意：虽然Mr.Ballestero没能在5月份庆祝他父亲的90岁生日，但他在父亲节那天及时赶了回来。根据后文"Mr.Ballestero didn't get to celebrate his father's 90th birthday in May"可知，前后句是转折关系。故选C项。
这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Ballestero在疫情爆发封城的情况下，没有交通工具，仍坚决划船回家，与家人共渡难关的故事。
近几年高考试题中的完形填空有新的变化，试题所涉及的知识面不断拓宽，综合难度不断提高。做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅，用词得当，意思正确。
36.【答案】【小题1】is getting
【小题2】alarming
【小题3】on/upon
【小题4】called
【小题5】which
【小题6】is trapped
【小题7】natural
【小题8】probably
【小题9】to pay
【小题10】responsibility
【解析】（1）考查动词时态。句意：毫无疑问，地球正变得越来越暖。所填动词为从句谓语动词，用现在进行时表"发展趋向"这一含义。从句主语为第三人称单数，用"is doing"结构。故填is getting。
（2）考查形容词。句意：这一令人担忧的案例表明，气温升高对地球生态产生了影响。空处应用形容词修饰空后名词"case"，作定语，意为"令人担忧的"。故填alarming。
（3）考查介词。句意：这一令人担忧的案例表明，气温升高对地球生态产生了影响。"have an impact on/upon sth"，固定短语，意为"对……有影响"。故填on/upon。
（4）考查过去分词。句意：气候科学家经常提到一个被称为"温室效应"的关键气候过程，它有两个共同的含义。所填动词为非谓语，后置定语修饰名词climate process，动词"call"与其之间为被动关系，用过去分词形式。故填called。
（5）考查非限制性定语从句。句意：气候科学家经常提到一个被称为"温室效应"的关键气候过程，它有两个共同的含义。分析可知，"（5）______ has two common meanings"为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a key climate process，指物，且在从句中作主语，用关系代词which引导从句。故填which。
（6）考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：然而，"人为"温室效应现在已经成为一个大问题，因为更多的热能被困在大气中，导致地球表面温度迅速上升。结合语境时态为一般现在时，动词"trap"与主语"more heat energy"之间为被动关系，主语为第三人称单数，用一般现在时被动语态结构：is done。故填is trapped。
（7）考查形容词。句意：有强有力和全面的证据表明，气温上升已导致全球极端天气和自然灾害的增加，不仅造成严重破坏，还造成了人员伤亡。形容词作定语修饰空后名词"disasters"。"nature"，名词，意为"自然"，其形容词形式为"natural（自然的）"。故填natural。
（8）考查副词。句意：气候科学家警告说，如果我们不采取适当的行动，这种变暖趋势可能会持续下去，我们将付出更高的代价。副词作状语修饰动词"continue"。"probable"，形容词，意为"可能的"，其副词形式为"probably（很可能，或许）"。故填probably。
（9）考查动词不定式。句意：气候科学家警告说，如果我们不采取适当的行动，这种变暖趋势可能会持续下去，我们将付出更高的代价。所填动词应是动词不定式作后置定语，表"将要，被动"含义。故填to pay。
（10）考查不可数名词。句意：我们有责任抓住每一个机会，让每个人都了解全球变暖及其原因和影响。"our"为形容词性物主代词，作定语修饰名词，因此所填应是名词。"responsible"，形容词，意为"负责的"，其名词形式为"responsibility（责任）"，为不可数名词。故填responsibility。
这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了全球变暖已成趋势，而其造成的后果的不仅危害了自然界的动植物，也危害了人类自己。因此我们有责任抓住每一个机会，让每个人都了解全球变暖及其原因和影响。
做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识。
37.【答案】onsisting
【解析】根据括号内词义，"由……组成"可译为consist of，与country之间是主谓关系，为非谓语动词，用现在分词短语作状语。
故填：consisting。
我们的国家就像一个大家庭，由56个民族组成。
考查翻译填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。
38.【答案】mbitions
【解析】根据括号内词义，"雄心 "可译为ambition，ambition是可数名词，one of后面需加名词复数形式。
故填：ambitions。
他的雄心之一是成为一名音乐家。
完成句子，要弄清楚各种句子即简单句，并列句和复合句的结构及连接词和句意，然后按要求完成句子。
39.【答案】lame
【解析】根据括号内词义，"责任 "可译为blame。短语put the blame on sth.表示"将责任归咎于……"。
故填：blame。
很多人发现早上很难起床，就把责任归咎于闹钟。
完成句子，要弄清楚各种句子即简单句，并列句和复合句的结构及连接词和句意，然后按要求完成句子。
40.【答案】ictims
【解析】根据括号内词义，"受害者 "可译为victim，根据one of the可知需要名词复数形式。
故填：victims。
不幸的是，火灾中的一名受害者仍然情况危急。
完成句子，要弄清楚各种句子即简单句，并列句和复合句的结构及连接词和句意，然后按要求完成句子。
41.【答案】cenery
【解析】根据括号内词义，"风景 "可译为scenery，是不可数名词，所以用原形。
故填：scenery。
世界上没有其他地方能像桂林这样美丽的景色。
完成句子，要弄清楚各种句子即简单句，并列句和复合句的结构及连接词和句意，然后按要求完成句子。
42.【答案】elected
【解析】根据括号内词义，"精选 "可译为select，根据句意再结合前面的Five excellent students和select之间是被动关系，可知用过去分词构成被动。
故填：selected。
我们学校选出了五名优秀学生参加英语口语比赛。
完成句子，要弄清楚各种句子即简单句，并列句和复合句的结构及连接词和句意，然后按要求完成句子。
43.【答案】reference
【解析】根据括号内词义，" 偏爱"可译为preference，是不可数名词，所以应用原形。
故填：preference。
我偏好住在农村的一个理由是农村没有空气污染、没有交通堵塞。
完成句子，要弄清楚各种句子即简单句，并列句和复合句的结构及连接词和句意，然后按要求完成句子。
44.【答案】ncredible
【解析】根据首字母结合括号内词义，"难以置信的"可译为incredible，根据is可知此处填形容词。
故填：incredible。
令人难以置信的是，他竟然在一天内完成了所有暑假作业。
做这类题型，首先根据所给汉语明确句子所要考查的单词或短语的拼写，再结合相关语法知识对单词或短语做出形式上的变化。
45.【答案】iffer
【解析】根据括号内词义"相异"可知应用短语differ in，结合句意可知表示的是一般事实，所以用一般现在时，主语是The other two areas，所以谓语动词用复数。
故填：differ。
英式英语和美式英语的另外两个不同之处是拼写和发音。
完成句子，要弄清楚各种句子即简单句，并列句和复合句的结构及连接词和句意，然后按要求完成句子。
46.【答案】assumptions
【解析】分析句子可知，空处作动词make的宾语，应填名词，assumption"假设"是可数名词，此处应用复数形式表泛指。
故填：assumptions。
人们对新闻的反应不同，因此无法做出假设。
做这类题型，首先根据所给汉语明确句子所要考查的单词或短语的拼写，再结合相关语法知识对单词或短语做出形式上的变化。
47.【答案】Last week we had a heated discussion in our class on the issue of pursuing celebrities，in which we talked about the phenomenon and the reasons.【高分句型一】（点明主题）
Recently，young people have spent a lot of time and money chasing stars.Some students even skip class to see the star's concert，which is very naive.There are also some reasons behind this phenomenon.Their crazy behavior shows that they are under great pressure and lack sense of trust.【高分句型二】Being fans can bring them sense of security to some degree and the fact that celebrities often lead the fashion trend of modern times also contributes to their admiration.（讨论会情况的描述）
As for me，I think we students should try to achieve the balance between chasing celebrities and studying hard because after all，accumulating knowledge and learning skills are our main task at present.（你对"追星族"现象的看法）
【解析】高分句型一：Last week we had a heated discussion in our class on the issue of pursuing celebrities，in which we talked about the phenomenon and the reasons
翻译：上周，我们在课堂上就追求名人的问题进行了激烈的讨论，讨论了这一现象及其原因。
分析：本句使用了介词in+which引导的非限制性定语从句。
高分句型二：Their crazy behavior shows that they are under great pressure and lack sense of trust.
翻译：他们的疯狂行为表明他们承受着巨大的压力，缺乏信任感。
分析：本句使用了that引导的宾语从句。
此类作文在写作时要注意内容是否包含了所有要点。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次，平时需注意积累短语和重要句型。
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