2022-2023学年浙江省宁波市九校高二（上）期末英语试卷（含答案解析）

这是一份2022-2023学年浙江省宁波市九校高二（上）期末英语试卷（含答案解析），共19页。
2022-2023学年浙江省宁波市九校高二（上）期末英语试卷

A
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。


Founded in 1887， The Writer aims to expand and support the work of professional writers with a straightforward presentation of industry information，writing instruction and professional and personal motivation.If you're passionate about books，authors，and writing，you'll find everything you need within our pages 12 times a year.
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Thank you for considering a submission to The Writer magazine，the voice of imagination，creation，and publication since 1887.

1. According to the passage The Writer magazine ______ .
A. provides practical suggestions on a writing career.
B. responds to all the query letters from the readers.
C. introduces successful writers and their works only.
D. prefers handwritten queries to electronic ones.
2. When sending a query letter，a contributor must ______ .
A. answer the three questions first
B. attach a printed version of the story
C. include a brief self-introduction
D. subscribe to the magazine
3. What is this passage mainly about？ ______
A. Magazine recommendations. B. Submission guidelines.
C. Published stories. D. Subscription information.
B
McDonald's is partnering with the White House to promote vaccination（疫苗接种）information on its coffee cups as hesitancy grows about taking the potentially life-saving shot.
Beginning in July，customers in the United States will see redesigned McCafe cups and delivery seal stickers that features "We Can Do This"，a slogan（口号）created by the US Department of Health and Human Services to promote vaccine confidence.It also includes a website address （vaccines.gov） that directs people to nearby appointments and safety information.
The promotion will last several weeks and the slogan will be printed on roughly 50 million cups.Prior to that，McDonald's said its billboard in New York's Times Square location will also display vaccine information beginning in mid-May. "We all want to protect ourselves and our loved ones and be together with our communities again，" said Genna Gent，McDonald's USA vice president for global public policy and government relations.Xavier Becerra，the Health and Human Services secretary，said， "The public-private partnership will help more people make informed decisions about their health and learn about steps they can take to protect themselves and their communities." McDonald's wasn't paid by the government for this promotion，according to a person familiar with the campaign.
The "We Can Do This" campaign was announced in March and aimed at encouraging hesitant Americans to get vaccinated.In a Kaiser Family Foundation survey，47% of people who say they want to "wait and see" before being vaccinated said paid time off to get it would make them more likely to do so，and 39% said a financial allowance of ＄200 from their employer would work.The US vaccination rate has declined from its peak last month，pushing officials to work out new ideas to further encourage the cautious，hesitant and inaccessible to get vaccinated.So far，more than 150 million people in the US have received at least one dose（剂量） of the vaccine.
4. Why does McDonald's redesign its Mc Cafe cups？ ______
A. To promote its coffee sales.
B. To encourage people to get vaccined.
C. To raise public safety awareness.
D. To bid for government investment.
5. What do we know about the McDonald's campaign？ ______
A. The slogan is to be displayed in mid-May.
B. The government provides financial support.
C. McDonald's doubles its efforts for public health.
D. McDonald's assists people in making appointments.
6. What can be inferred about the vaccination rate？ ______
A. Employers can play a vital part.
B. Government efforts were in vain.
C. People's busy work slows it down.
D. Next month will witness an increase.
7. Where is the text probably taken from？ ______
A. A government document. B. An advertisement.
C. A tourist brochure. D. A newspaper.
C
A stuffy nose is usually nothing to worry about；it's mostly just uncomfortable，with varying symptoms. "For some people，it's having something sticky in the nose or a feeling that the airways are blocked and there's a declining sense of smell，" says Dr.Ahmad Sedaghat，a director of Rhinology at the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine.
Actually，COVID-19 might cause a stuffy nose in some cases，although it wasn't on the original list of COVID symptoms.Classic symptoms of the SARS-CoV-2 initial variant（变体）included fever，a cough，body aches and pains，shortness of breath and a loss of taste and smell-without a stuffy nose.However，the Delta variant is different.It's often associated with symptoms of a common cold，like a stuffy or runny nose and sore throat.But there is something that needs to keep in mind.
One is that the Delta variant still results in the loss of taste and smell，and it's far-reaching.Sedaghat says that's because the COVID virus can infect the taste buds. "When you lose smell with a stuffy nose，you can still taste sweet，salty，bitter or sour.But that ability is wiped out with COVID.There's no taste at all，" he says.
The other to consider in distinguishing COVID from a stuffy nose：vaccination（接种疫苗），accompanying symptoms and health history. "If you're fully vaccinated against COVID and you have a known history of allergies，then a stuffy nose without any other symptoms is likely allergies.If you're not vaccinated，we are less sure.But anyone who's had a potential exposure to someone with COVID should be monitored closely." Sedaghat advises.
8. What is the distinction between the SARS-CoV-2 variant and the Delta variant？ ______
A. A stuffy nose. B. The chance of recovery.
C. The loss of taste. D. The death rate.
9. What is typical of COVID virus according to Paragraph 3？ ______
A. It leads to breathing problems.
B. It causes high fever eventually.
C. It has the same symptoms as flu.
D. It gives rise to a total loss of taste.
10. How is the last paragraph developed？ ______
A. By analyzing cause and effect.
B. By making assumptions and reasoning.
C. By listing examples.
D. By comparing data.
11. Which of the following can be the best title for this text？ ______
A. How to Deal with Stuffy Nose B. The Research on COVID-19
C. Stuffy Nose and COVID-19 D. Ways to Identify Virus Variants
D
A new study combining linguistic,genetic and archaeological evidence has traced the origins of the family of languages including modern Japanese,Korean,Turkish and Mongolian and the people who speak them to millet （粟） farmers who inhabited a region in northeastern China about 9，000 years ago.
The findings detailed on Wednesday document a shared genetic ancestry for the hundreds of millions of people who speak what the researchers call Transeurasian languages across an area stretching more than 8，000 kilometers.
The findings illustrate how humankind's embrace of agriculture following the Ice Age powered the movements of some of the world's major language families.Millet was an important early crop as hunter-gatherers transitioned to an agricultural lifestyle.
There are 98 Transeurasian languages.This language family's beginnings were traced to millet farmers in the Liao River valley,an area including parts of the Chinese provinces of Liaoning and Jilin and the region of Inner Mongolia.As these farmers moved across northeastern Asia,the descendant languages spread north and west into Siberia and east into Korea and over the sea to Japan over thousands of years.
The research stressed the complex beginnings for modern populations and cultures.
"Accepting that the roots of one's language,culture or people lie beyond the present national boundaries is a kind of surrender of identity,which some people are not yet prepared to make," said comparative linguist Martine Robbeets,lead author of the study published in the journal Nature.
"Powerful nations such as Japan,Korea and China are often pictured as representing one language,one culture and one genetic profile.But a truth is that all languages,cultures and humans,including those in Asia,are mixed," Robbeets added.
The origins of modem Chinese languages arose independently,though in a similar fashion,with millet also involved.While the ancestors of the Transeurasian languages grew millet in the Liao River valley,the originators of the Sino-Tibetan language family farmed millet at roughly the same time in China's Yellow River region,paving the way for a separate language expansion.
12. What is the new study mainly about？ ______
A. The migration routes of millet farmers.
B. The ancient origins of a large language family.
C. The different ancestries of Transeurasian speakers.
D. The shared features of some neighboring languages.
13. What fueled the spread of Transeurasian languages？ ______
A. The transition of power. B. The diversity of lifestyles.
C. The interaction of cultures. D. The adoption of farming.
14. According to Robbeets,who may feel uncomfortable about the new findings？ ______
A. Those from agricultural countries.
B. Those who deny their cultural identity.
C. Those with a strong sense of nationalism.
D. Those who are afraid to cross boundaries.
15. What is the main function of the last paragraph？ ______
A. To draw a conclusion. B. To present likely consequences.
C. To highlight the theme. D. To offer additional information.
    How much time do you spend doing research before you make a decision? There are people who go over every detail exhaustively before making a choice.   (1)   Sychologists call this way of thinking a cognitive bias (偏见), a tendency toward a specific mental mistake.
    To study "jumping", we examined decision-making patterns among more than 600 people from the general population. We found that jumpers made more errors than non-jumpers on problems that require thoughtful analysis.   (2)   In a quiz about US civics, they overestimated the chance that their answers were right significantly more than other participants did—even when their answers were wrong.
    So what is behind "jumping"? Psychological researchers commonly distinguish between two pathways of thought: automatic system, which reflects ideas that come to the mind easily, spontaneously and without effort, and controlled system including conscious and effortful reasoning. Jumpers and non-jumpers are equally influenced by automatic thoughts.   (3)  .
    It is the controlled system that helps people counter balance mental biases introduced by the automatic system. As a result, jumpers were more likely to accept the conclusions made at first blush without further questioning. A lack of controlled thinking is also more broadly connected to their problematic beliefs and faulty reasoning.
      (4)   A method called metacognitive training can be used to target their biases, which can help people think more deliberatively. In this training, participants are confronted with their own biases. They can learn about the missteps and other ways of thinking through the problem at hand. It helps to chip away at participants′ overconfidence.
    In everyday life, the question of whether we should think things through or instead go with our gut is a frequent and important one.   (5)   Sometimes the most important decision we make can be to take some more time before making a choice.
A.Happily, there may be some hope for jumpers.
B.Also, jumpers had problems with overconfidence.
C.But a fair number of individuals are quick to jump to conclusions.
D.It is certainly possible for them to overthink things to take a decision.
E.We plan to continue the work to trace other problems introduced by jumping.
F.The jumpers, however, did not engage in controlled reasoning to the same degree as non-jumpers.
G.Recent studies show that even gathering just a little bit more evidence may help us avoid a major mistake.
16.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
After graduation，I decided to take the gym seriously.Accompanied by a friend，I (21) a routine of walking on the treadmill （跑步机）.I was(22) with our routine in the gym.My friend，however，became bored.
One day，he suggested that we (23) an outdoor sport.I was an uncoordinated （动作不协调的） person，so I (24) his idea.
But several weeks later，he managed to(25) me to step onto an outdoor racquetball （美式壁球） court.When I hit the ball，I sent it flying in every direction except the direction that I had(26).Still，somehow，I tried hard to learn it and became (27) after constantly practicing.
"We're not getting enough (28) on the treadmill.Why not play tennis to build up our body？" suggested my friend.
"Tennis？I can't play tennis!That (29) real skills!" I firmly resisted his new (30)
Nevertheless，weeks later，I started playing tennis.After several months of painful practice，one day，as the ball came flying towards me，my racket and the ball met in what tennis players (31) as the "sweet spot".I had(32) learned how to play tennis properly!
I learned an extremely valuable (33) from these experiences：I can do whatever I set my mind on.I just need to put in efforts，and the results will(34) And I become quite (35) about trying new things and I'm always filled with a sense of excitement.
21.  A. began B. changed C. quit D. delayed
22.  A. disappointed B. familiar C. content D. careful
23.  A. show off B. take up C. keep off D. finish with
24.  A. opposed B. supported C. highlighted D. understood
25.  A. remind B. allow C. expect D. persuade
26.  A. imagined B. intended C. agreed D. found
27.  A. considerate B. cautious C. skeptical D. skillful
28.  A. exercise B. entertainment C. movement D. experience
29.  A. assesses B. preserves C. improves D. involves
30.  A. method B. chance C. attempt D. assistance
31.  A. refer to B. think of C. make up D. set down
32.  A. occasionally B. formally C. eventually D. frequently
33.  A. concept B. lesson C. theory D. criterion
34.  A. respond B. remain C. follow D. help
35.  A. hesitant B. enthusiastic C. particular D. flexible
36. 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
When it finally opened in February 2022，Dubai's new Museum of the Future was already one of the city's favorite (1) （ build）.And how could it not be？For six years，residents and visitors alike had watched curiously every step of the construction process of this shimmering silver landmark (2) （locate） on Dubai's main highway，Sheikh Zayed Road.
The geometric skeleton really began to take shape when the calligraphy-covered metal plates (3) （ add）.Once in place，a team of workers abseiled down the curved sides (4) a daily basis，drawing gazes and phone cameras，with everyone wondering just exactly (5) they were doing.
Upon opening，Dubai's ruler Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum declared the 77-meter-high stainless steel torus "the most beautiful building in the world，" (6) Architectural Digest called it " (7) instant （and highly Instagrammable） icon."
"I knew it could be designed because it's (8) （ basic） like an egg，and an egg is a very strong form，" the designer Killa says，adding that throughout the ages， (9) （ start） with the Pyramids in Giza and the Pantheon in Rome，many of the world's greatest buildings were at the limits of the technology of their day.And with all the boundary-pushing technological advancements used by Killa to bring the building to life，the Museum of the Future (10) （ bring） the future of architecture to life in the Dubai of today.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
37. 假定你是校英文报主编李华，学校80周年校庆将至，该报拟开设校庆专栏，向全校同学征集稿件。请你写一封征稿启事，内容包括：
（1）稿件要求
（2）投稿方式、时间
注意：
（1）词数为80词左右。
（2）可适当加入细节，使内容充实，行文连贯。
Contributions Wanted______
School English Newspaper
38. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When Marco was a boy，he tried everything to get his father's love and attention.He worked hard to earn exceptional marks；he tried to be obedient，he chose inspiring friends and always tried to behave well.However，it felt to Marco that his father had little time for him.Except for his demands around chores after school，communication was nonexistent.It seemed to Marco the only time his dad ever spoke to him was to be demanding or critical.Marco sank further into his low self-esteem and was overwhelmed with feeling unappreciated，inadequate and depressed.
One day his father，already tired after a long day，tripped over Marco's bike in the garage.The angry quarrel that followed left Marco feeling grieved.It seemed no matter how hard he tried he could never do anything right.In despair Marco blurted out， "That's it!It's enough!"
For two days，Marco felt so miserable.All he could think of was wanting to leave this enormous pain，those overwhelming feelings of rejection and unworthiness.
Two days later，his aunt called him.To Marco，this seemed like a miracle.Aunt Ginette usually only called once a year，on his birthday.She said she had just seen some young teenagers participate in a public speaking contest called Gala Personnalité sponsored by Club Optimiste—and she thought about him.She thought he should give it a try.She told him she firmly believed he could perform on stage like the other kids，since she had seen him perform for the family at Christmas.
Marco was startled，and not a little taken aback.Him？Onstage？In a public speaking contest？To agree would be contrary to his entire shy，timid personality.But Aunt Ginette was so confident.She seemed really serious.She was sure it was something he could do.She truly believed in him.
注意：
（1）所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
（2）续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。
Paragraph 1：
Feeling her strong belief，Marco agreed to enter the contest.
______
Paragraph 2：
Four months later，the big night arrived.
______
答案和解析

1~3.【答案】A、C、B
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段中的We are looking for clear takeaway for our readers        ：What can they learn to improve their writing or advance their careers           ？What specific how-to tips and strategies will accomplish this        ？（我们正在为我们的读者寻找明确的收获：他们可以学习什么来提高他们的写作或推进他们的职业生涯？有什么具体的方法和策略可以做到这一点？）可知《作家》杂志为写作生涯提供切实可行的建议，故选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据第三段In addition to a fleshed-out outline of your story idea and an estimated word count              ，queries should include a brief description of your background        （除了对你的故事构思进行详尽的概述和估计的字数外，提问还应该包括对你的背景的简要描述。）可知在发送查询信时，参与者必须包括简短的自我介绍，故选C。
（3）主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了杂志《作家》，并且主要介绍了读者投稿的指南。因此B项Submission guidelines（投稿指南）概括文意，故选B。
本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了杂志《作家》，并且主要介绍了读者投稿的指南。
1．直接信息题：
直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目。
2．间接信息题：
间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换。
3．综合信息题：
综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章取义。

4~7.【答案】B、C、A、D
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第一段McDonald's is partnering with the White House to promote vaccination（疫苗接种）information on its coffee cups as hesitancy grows about taking the potentially life-saving shot.（麦当劳正与白宫合作，在其咖啡杯上推广疫苗接种信息，因为人们对接种这种可能挽救生命的疫苗越来越犹豫不决。）麦当劳要重新设计Mc咖啡杯是为了鼓励人们接种疫苗。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据第三段The promotion will last several weeks and the slogan will be printed on roughly 50 million cups.Prior to that，McDonald's said its billboard in New York's Times Square location will also display vaccine information beginning in mid-May. "We all want to protect ourselves and our loved ones and be together with our communities again，" said Genna Gent，McDonald's USA vice president for global public policy and government relations. （宣传活动将持续数周，口号将印在大约5000万个杯子上。在此之前，麦当劳表示，它在纽约时代广场的广告牌也将从5月中旬开始显示疫苗信息。麦当劳美国分公司负责全球公共政策和政府关系的副总裁根特（Genna Gent）说："我们都想保护自己和我们所爱的人，再次与我们的社区团结在一起。"）可推知，麦当劳为了公共卫生的安全做出了积极地努力。故选C。
（3）推理判断题。根据最后一段In a Kaiser Family Foundation survey，47% of people who say they want to "wait and see" before being vaccinated said paid time off to get it would make them more likely to do so，and 39% said a financial allowance of ＄200 from their employer would work. （在 Kaiser 家庭基金会的一项调查中，47% 的人说他们想在接种疫苗之前"等等看"，而带薪休假会让他们更有可能（接种疫苗）；39% 的人说雇主给他们200美元的经济补贴会起作用。）可知，关于疫苗接种率可以推断出雇主可以发挥重要作用。故选A。
（4）文章出处题。通读全文，结合第一段McDonald's is partnering with the White House to promote vaccination（疫苗接种）information on its coffee cups as hesitancy grows about taking the potentially life-saving shot.（麦当劳正与白宫合作，在其咖啡杯上推广疫苗接种信息，因为人们对接种这种可能挽救生命的疫苗越来越犹豫不决。）可知，麦当劳正在与白宫合作，在其咖啡杯上推广疫苗接种信息，通过此种行为，鼓励人们去接种疫苗。因而文章属于新闻报道，所以文章最有可能在报纸上看到。故选D。
这是一篇新闻报道。麦当劳正在与白宫合作，在其咖啡杯上推广疫苗接种信息，通过此种行为，鼓励人们去接种疫苗。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。

8~11.【答案】A、D、B、C
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段Classic symptoms of the SARS-CoV-2 initial variant（变体）included fever，a cough，body aches and pains，shortness of breath and a loss of taste and smell-without a stuffy nose.（SARS-CoV-2初始变体的经典症状包括发烧、咳嗽、身体疼痛、呼吸短促以及味觉和嗅觉丧失—但没有鼻塞。）可知，SARS-CoV-2变体没有鼻塞症；第二段It's often associated with symptoms of a common cold，like a stuffy or runny nose and sore throat.（它通常与普通感冒的症状有关，比如鼻塞或流鼻涕和喉咙痛。）可知，Delta变体有鼻塞症状，所以二者的区别在于鼻塞。故选A。
（2）推理判断题。根据第三段that's because the COVID virus can infect the taste buds.（这是因为新冠病毒可以感染味蕾。）和But that ability is wiped out with COVID.There's no taste at all.（但这种能力在新冠中消失了，一点味道都没有了。）可知，新冠病毒可以感染味蕾，造成味觉的完全消失，这是它的典型特征。故选D。
（3）推理判断题。根据最后一段If you're fully vaccinated against COVID and you have a known history of allergies，then a stuffy nose without any other symptoms is likely allergies.If you're not vaccinated，we are less sure.（如果你完全接种了新冠疫苗，并且有已知的过敏史，那么没有任何其他症状的鼻塞可能是过敏。如果你没有接种疫苗，我们就不太确定了。）可知，这是用了假设的方式。But anyone who's had a potential exposure to someone with COVID should be monitored closely.（但任何与新冠患者有潜在接触的人都应该密切监测。）可知，这是用了推理的方式。所以最后一段是以假设和推理的方式展开的。故选B。
（4）标题归纳题。根据第一段A stuffy nose is usually nothing to worry about.（鼻塞通常没什么好担心的。）第二段Actually，COVID-19 might cause a stuffy nose in some cases.（事实上，新冠病毒在某些情况下可能会导致鼻塞。）可知，本文主要讲述的是新冠病毒引起的鼻塞和相关症状，以及与其它原因引起的鼻塞之间的区分。C.Stuffy Nose and COVID-19.（鼻塞和新冠肺炎。）适合做本文标题，故选C。
本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了鼻塞是一种常见现象，文章讲述了因新冠病毒和德尔塔变体而引起的鼻塞和相关症状，以及与其它原因所造成的鼻塞之间的区别。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。

12~15.【答案】B、D、C、D
【解析】（1）B.主旨大意题。根据第一段内容A new study combining linguistic,genetic and archaeological evidence has traced the origins of the family of languages including modern Japanese,Korean,Turkish and Mongolian and the people who speak them to millet （粟） farmers who inhabited a region in northeastern China about 9，000 years ago.（一项结合语言学、遗传学和考古学证据的新研究追溯了现代日语、韩语、士耳其语和蒙古语等语言家族的起源，以及与居住在中国东北地区约9000年前的黍农民说这些语言的人。）可知，这项新研究主要是关于一支大语族的古代起源。故选B。
（2）D.细节理解题。根据第三段第一句话The findings illustrate how humankind's embrace of agriculture following the Ice Age powered the movements of some of the world's major language families.（研究结果说明了人类在冰河时代之后对农业的接受如何推动了世界上一些主要语系的运动。）可知，是农业推动了世界主要语系的发展。故选D。
（3）C.推理判断题。根据第六段Accepting that the roots of one's language,culture or people lie beyond the present national boundaries is a kind of surrender of identity,which some people are not yet prepared to make（接受一个人的语言、文化或民族的根源超出目前的国界是一种身份的放弃，有些人还没有准备好。）可知，他认为承认自己的语言，文化或祖先来自境外，是一种身份的屈服，有些人接受不了。分析选项可知C.Those with a strong sense of nationalism.（强烈的民族主义者）比较符合这个群体画像。故选C。
（4）D.推理判断题。根据最后一段The origins of modem Chinese languages arose independently,though in a similar fashion（现代汉语的起源以类似的方式独立出现。）可知，最后一段主要讲了现代汉语的起源，从最后一段可知汉藏语系和泛欧亚语系是独立的。而前文主要探讨的是泛欧亚语系，所以这里是补充额外信息。故选 D。
本文是一篇说明文，主要讲了发表在《自然》期刊上的一项最新研究发现，包括日语，韩语，士耳其语和蒙古语在内的泛欧亚语系起源于9000年前的中国东北。农业的发展推动了语言的传播。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项填写出正确答案。

16~20.【答案】C、B、F、A、G
【解析】【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章指出相较于按照直觉行事，深思熟虑对我们更有帮助。但一种叫元认知训练的方法可以帮助那些急于得出结论的人。
1. 根据上文How much time do you spend doing research before you make a decision? There are people who go over every detail exhaustively before making a choice.（你在做决定之前花了多少时间做研究？有些人在做出选择之前会仔细考虑每一个细节）结合下文提到了jumper“急于得出结论的人”可知，呼应上文仔细考虑每一个细节的人，空处应提出另一种人——急于得出结论的人。C项（但相当一部分人很快就会得出结论）符合语境，与上文内容形成对比。故选C。

2. 根据上文We found that jumpers made more errors than non-jumpers on problems that require thoughtful analysis.（我们发现，在需要深思熟虑分析的问题上，急于得出结论的人比仔细思考的人犯的错误更多）和下文In a quiz about US civics, they overestimated the chance that their answers were right significantly more than other participants did—even when their answers were wrong.（在一次关于美国公民的测验中，他们大大高估了自己答案正确的几率——即使他们的答案是错误的）推知，急于得出结论的人不仅容易犯错，而且过于自信，即使在答案是错误的情况下还高估答案正确的几率。B项（此外，急于得出结论的人也有过度自信的问题）符合语境，呈上启下。故选B。
3. 空处位于段末应承接上文。根据上文automatic system, which reflects ideas that come to the mind easily, spontaneously and without effort, and controlled system including conscious and effortful reasoning. Jumpers and non-jumpers are equally influenced by automatic thoughts.（自动系统，反映容易、自发且无需努力就能进入大脑的想法，以及控制系统，包括有意识和轻松的推理。急于得出结论的人和仔细思考者同样受到自动思维的影响）可知，两类人都受到自动思维的影响。但因为是两种不同的人，因此他们在受影响的程度，或思维模式方面可能有所不同。F项（然而，急于得出结论的人并没有像仔细思考者那样进行控制推理）符合语境，承接上文，指出了他们的不同之处。故选F。

4. 空处位于段首，应开启下文。根据下文A method called metacognitive…participants' overconfidence.（一种叫做元认知训练的方法可以用来针对他们的偏见，这可以帮助人们更慎重地思考。在这个培训中，参与者要面对自己的偏见。他们可以学习到错误的地方和思考问题的其他方法。它有助于消除参与者的过度自信）可知，有方法帮助急于得出结论的人克服他们的问题，消除过度自信。A项（幸运的是，急于得出结论者可能还有一些希望）符合语境。故选A。

5. 根据上文In everyday life, the question of whether we should think things through or instead go with our gut is a frequent and important one.（在日常生活中，我们是应该深思熟虑，还是按照直觉行事，这是一个常见而重要的问题）和下文Sometimes the most important decision we make can be to take some more time before making a choice.（有时候，我们做出的最重要决定可能要做出选择之前多花些时间）可知，相较于按照直觉行事，深思熟虑对我们更有帮助。G项（最近的研究表明，即使只收集了一点更多的证据，也可以帮助我们避免重大错误）符合语境。故选G。

21~35.【答案】A、C、B、A、D、B、D、A、D、C、A、C、B、C、B
【解析】（1）考查动词及语境理解。A.began开始；B.changed更改；C.quit放弃；D.delayed延迟。句意：在一位朋友的陪同下，我开始了在跑步机上行走的例行活动。由前文I decided to take the gym seriously可知，这里作者"开始"从跑步开始锻炼。故选A。
（2）考查形容词及语境理解。A.disappointed感到失望的；B.familiar熟悉的；C.content满意的；D.careful仔细的。句意：我对我们在健身房的日常生活感到满意。由后文My friend，however，became bored.（然而，我的朋友感到无聊。）可知，however这里表转折，说明作者对自己的健身很"满意"。故选C。
（3）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.show off炫耀；B.take up占据，开始从事；C.keep off远离；D.finish with以...结束。句意：一天，他建议我们做一项户外运动。由后文step onto an outdoor racquetball court可知，这里应是建议作者"从事"一项户外运动。故选B。
（4）考查动词及语境理解。A.opposed反对；B.supported支持；C.highlighted突出；D.understood理解。句意：我是一个不协调的人，所以我反对他的想法。由前文I was an uncoordinated person可知，作者认为自己不协调，所以应该是"反对"这建议了。故选A。
（5）考查动词及语境理解。A.remind提醒；B.allow允许；C.expect预期；D.persuade劝说，说服。句意：但几周后，他设法说服我踏上户外壁球场。由前文"I（4）his idea."以及这里But 表转折可知，最后作者朋友还是"说服"他了。故选D。
（6）考查动词及语境理解。A.imagined想象；B.intended打算，预想；C.agreed同意；D.found发现。句意：当我击球时，我把球往各个方向飞去，除了我想要的方向。由前文I was an uncoordinated person可知，球并没有按作者"预想"方向飞去。故选B。
（7）考查形容词及语境理解。A.considerate体贴的；B.cautious谨慎的；C.skeptical怀疑的；D.skillful熟练的。句意：尽管如此，不知怎的，我还是努力学习，在不断练习之后变得熟练。由前文I tried hard to learn it可知，经过作者努力后，最终变得"熟练"了。故选D。
（8）考查名词及语境理解。A.exercise练习，锻炼；B.entertainment娱乐；C.movement移动；D.experience经验。句意：我们在跑步机上没有得到足够的锻炼。由后文Why not play tennis to build up our body可知，作者朋友觉得跑步机"锻炼"量不够，所以建议打网球。故选A。
（9）考查动词及语境理解。A.assesses评估；B.preserves保存；C.improves改善；D.involves需要。句意：网球？我不会打网球！那需要真正的技巧！由后文my racket and the ball met in what tennis players（11）as the 'sweet spot'"可知，打网球需要技巧。故选D。
（10）考查名词及语境理解。A.method方法；B.chance机会；C.attempt尝试；D.assistance帮助。句意：我坚决抵制他的新尝试。由前文suggested my friend可知，作者这里抵抗朋友"尝试"打网球的建议。故选C。
（11）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.refer to参考，指的是；B.think of想想；C.make up组成；D.set down制定。句意：经过几个月的痛苦练习后，有一天，当球向我飞来时，我的球拍和球在网球运动员称之为"最佳位置"的地方相遇了。由后文the 'sweet spot'可知，作者这里指称为"最佳位置"的球技，refer to as表"称为"，为固定搭配。故选A。
（12）考查副词及语境理解。A.occasionally偶尔地；B.formally正式地；C.eventually最终地；D.frequently频繁地。句意：我终于学会了如何正确地打网球！由前文as the ball came flying towards me，my racket and the ball met in what tennis players（11）as the "sweet spot".可知，作者"最终"学会了打网球。故选C。
（13）考查名词及语境理解。A.concept概念；B.lesson课，教训；C.theory理论；D.criterion标准。句意：我从这些经历中学到了极其宝贵的一课。由后文I can do whatever I set my mind on. （我可以做任何我想做的事。）可知，作者从这次经历学到了"一课"。故选B。
（14）考查动词及语境理解。A.respond回应；B.remain保持；C.follow跟随；D.help帮助。句意：我只需要付出努力，结果就会随之而来。由前文I just need to put in efforts可知，只要付出努力，（好的）结果将"跟随"而来。故选C。
（15）考查形容词及语境理解。A.hesitant犹豫不决的；B.enthusiastic热情的；C.particular特别的；D.flexible灵活的。句意：我对尝试新事物充满热情，我总是充满兴奋感。由后文I'm always filled with a sense of excitement.（我总是充满了兴奋感。）可知，作者对尝试新鲜事物充满"热情"。故选B。
这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者原本认为自己身体不协调，不适合运动，但通过自己不断坚持和尝试，慢慢爱上并熟练。作者通过这些经历中学到了极其宝贵的一课：作者可以做任何他下定决心做的事。只需要付出努力，结果就会随之而来。
做完形填空题之前，必须先浏览全文，了解短文的大意，这是非常重要的一个步骤。通过短文所提供的信息，借助语感及相关知识的推断，可以从整体上把握短文的轮廓。在通读全文，了解大意的基础上，便可着手答题。根据习惯用法、固定搭配，并从上下文中找关键性暗示，注意前后对照，逐句精读，逐题分析选项。所有的答案选出之后，应再次通读全文，对所选的答案进行核实调整。

36.【答案】【小题1】buildings
【小题2】located
【小题3】were added
【小题4】on
【小题5】what
【小题6】and
【小题7】an
【小题8】basically
【小题9】starting
【小题10】has brought
【解析】（1）考查可数名词复数。句意：当迪拜新的未来博物馆最终于2022年2月开放时，它已经是这座城市最受欢迎的建筑之一。名词所有格the city's后应用名词building，"one of+可数名词复数"意为"......之一"，故此处应用其复数形式。故填buildings。
（2）考查过去分词。句意：六年来，这座闪闪发光的银色地标位于迪拜的主要高速公路谢赫扎耶德路上，居民和游客都好奇地关注着建筑过程的每一步。分析可知，此处应用非谓语动词作后置定语，locate与其逻辑主语this shimmering silver landmark之间为被动关系，故此处应用过去分词作定语。故填located。
（3）考查动词时态、语态及主谓一致。句意：当加上书法覆盖的金属板时，几何骨架真正开始成形。分析可知，所填词为从句谓语动词，结合主句began可知，句子是在叙述过去的事情，应用一般过去时，主语metal plates和动词add之间是被动关系，所以此处应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语metal plates是复数，be动词应用were。故填were added。
（4）考查介词。句意：就位后，每天一队工人沿着弯曲的侧面滑下，他们吸引着人们的目光和手机镜头，每个人都想知道他们到底在做什么。根据上下文及句意可知，此处应用介词on构成固定短语on a daily basis表示"每天"。故填on。
（5）考查宾语从句连接词。句意：就位后，每天一队工人沿着弯曲的侧面滑下，他们吸引着人们的目光和手机镜头，每个人都想知道他们到底在做什么。分析句子结构可知，此处引导宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，意为"什么"，所以应用连接代词what来引导。故填what。
（6）考查连词。句意：迪拜的统治者谢赫•穆罕默德•本•拉希德•阿勒马克图姆宣布这座77米高的不锈钢环面是"世界上最美丽的建筑"，《建筑文摘》称它是"一个瞬间（而且非常适合在instagram上分享）的标志"。分析可知，此处应用连词连接两个句子，根据句意可知，上下文之间是并列关系，所以应用and表示并列。故填and。
（7）考查冠词。句意：迪拜的统治者谢赫•穆罕默德•本•拉希德•阿勒马克图姆宣布这座77米高的不锈钢环面是"世界上最美丽的建筑"，《建筑文摘》称它是"一个瞬间（而且非常适合在instagram上分享）的标志"。icon"图标"是可数名词，根据句意可知，此处应用不定冠词泛指"一个标志"，且instant是发音以元音音素开头的单词，应用不定冠词an。故填an。
（8）考查副词。句意："我知道它可以被设计出来，因为它基本上就像一个鸡蛋，而鸡蛋是一种非常坚固的形式，"设计师基拉说，他还补充说，从古至今，从吉萨的金字塔到罗马的万神殿，世界上许多最伟大的建筑都处于当时技术的极限。分析句子结构可知，此处应用副词basically作状语，修饰be动词is。故填basically。
（9）考查现在分词。句意："我知道它可以被设计出来，因为它基本上就像一个鸡蛋，而鸡蛋是一种非常坚固的形式，"设计师基拉说，他还补充说，从古至今，从吉萨的金字塔到罗马的万神殿，世界上许多最伟大的建筑都处于当时技术的极限。分析可知，此处应用非谓语动词作状语，start与其逻辑主语many of the world's greatest buildings之间为主动关系，故应用现在分词作伴随状语。故填starting。
（10）考查动词时态及主谓一致。句意：随着Killa所使用的所有推动边界的技术进步，未来博物馆为今天的迪拜带来了未来建筑的生活。根据句意可知，此处应用现在完成时表示过去的动作对现在产生的影响，主语the Museum of the Future是单数，助动词应用has。故填has brought。
这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了迪拜新的未来博物馆的设计理念和对新技术的应用。
语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。

37.【答案】Contributions Wanted  To celebrate the 80th anniversary of the school，our English newspaper is now collecting English articles for the column， "School Anniversary".【高分句型一】（征稿原因）
  Contributions are expected to be original and within 400 words.【高分句型二】They can be essays，poems or stories.And manuscripts can be your school life or express your love for school.（稿件要求） Please send your article as an attachment to Englishsky@ 126.com before May 15th.We welcome diverse fresh voices.Looking forward to your participation!（投稿方式、时间）
School English Newspaper
【解析】高分句型一：To celebrate the 80th anniversary of the school，our English newspaper is now collecting English articles for the column， "School Anniversary".
翻译：为了庆祝学校80周年，我们的英文报纸正在为"学校周年"栏目收集英文文章。。
分析：本句使用了不定式作To celebrate the 80th anniversary of the school目的状语。
高分句型二：Contributions are expected to be original and within 400 words.
翻译：投稿应为原创，400字以内。
分析：本句使用了固定搭配be expected to do sth译为"应该做某事"。
此类作文在写作时要注意内容是否包含了所有要点。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次，平时需注意积累短语和重要句型。

38.【答案】Feeling her strong belief，Marco agreed to enter the contest.The first thing in his mind was to determine a proper topic and supporting details.His Chinese teacher offered to help him and gave him some good advice.Then followed the repeated practice. 【高分句型一】Every morning he would get up very early and speak to a mirror to check whether everything is in its proper place.After several weeks' practice，Marco became quite confident and couldn't wait for the speaking contest.（作者在姑妈的信任之下，满怀热情地准备比赛的过程）
   Four months later，the big night arrived.Standing before an audience of hundreds for the first time，Marco felt extremely nervous and unexpectedly made a grammar mistake.He was frustrated and decided to give up.But the moment he spotted his aunt and his father's fond but firm eyes，he gathered his courage and went on. 【高分句型二】Thunderous applause and the announcement that he won the first place made Marco cry.After the contest，He wrote in his diary： "Believe in yourself，be thankful to the one who believes in you and accept the one who don't understand you. "（作者登台演讲，获得成功并找到自信）
【解析】本文以情感发展为线索展开，讲述了作者从不被父亲认可导致缺乏自信到被姑妈鼓励参加演讲比赛，获得自信的过程。
高分句型一
Then followed the repeated practice.
翻译：接着就是反复练习。
分析：使用了时间副词then放于句首的完全倒装句。
高分句型二
But the moment he spotted his aunt and his father's fond but firm eyes，he gathered his courage and went on.
翻译：但当他看到姨妈和父亲那双慈爱而坚定的眼睛时，他鼓起勇气继续前进。
分析：使用了由the moment做引导词的时间状语从句。
解题方法点拨
 （1）品读原文，确定文章线索
       每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索。如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等这样有利于考生"顺藤摸瓜（结尾）"。
       （2）仔细审题，明确续写要求
       一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此次短文续写的具体要求，如词数限制使用几处标有下划线的关键词语。续写段落的首句提示，这样考生可以做到"心中有数"。
       （3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路
       根据文章后面的要求，再次快速阅读短文，抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确定续写段落的思路。同时结合文章画线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。
       （4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句
       在确定了思路和内容之后，最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中画线的关键词拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。