Unit 7 abilities 2022-2023 牛津译林版英语七年级下册讲义（学生版+教师版）

 学员编号：                                        年    级：初一                       课 时 数：3

学员姓名：                                     辅导科目：英语                   学科教师：

课程主题：Unit 7同步复习（下）

授课时间：

学习目标

1. 掌握情态动词can，may和must的用法
2. 熟练掌握感叹句的用法和易考点

教学内容

进门测试：建议5min

一、单项选择。

1. John___ come to see us tonight, but he isn't very sure yet.  

A. may  B. can  C. has to  D. must

2. They ___ do well in the exam. 

A. can be able to  B. be able to C. can able to  D. are able to

3. —May I take this book out? —No, you___. 

A. can't  B. may not  C. needn't  D. aren't

4 .You___ go and see a doctor at once because you're got a fever.

A. can  B. must  C. dare  D. would

5. —Can you speak Japanese? —No, I____. 

A. mustn't   B. can't   C. needn't    D. may not

6. —He___ be in the classroom, I think.

—No, he ___ be in the classroom. I saw him go home a minute ago.

A. can; may not   B. must; may not   C. may; can't   D. may; mustn't

7. —Shall I get one more cake for you, Dad? —Thanks, but you___, I've had enough.

A. may not  B. must not  C. can't  D. needn't

8. Even the top students in our class can't work out this problem, so it __________ be very difficult.

A. may   B. must  C. can  D. need

9. He isn't at school. I think he ___ be ill. 

A. can    B. shall   C. must   D. has to

10. ___ I take this one? 

A. May   B. Will   C. Are   D. Do

多元导学：建议10min

互动精讲：建议70min

知识点一：情态动词can/could/may的用法

【知识梳理】

情态动词can/could表示能力：can意为“能，会”，是最常用的情态动词，用来谈论某人现在的能力；could是can的过去式，用来谈论某人过去的能力。

【例题精讲】

例.I couldn’t understand his words last year, but now I can.

1）情态动词can/could/may表示许可

could既可以是can的过去式，也可以是独立的情态动词，与can、may用来表达委婉、礼貌的请求许可，常用于疑问句中。could比can更礼貌，而may较正式。

【例题精讲】

例1. --Can I borrow your ruler?  

--Yes, you can. 

例2. Could you give me a hand?            

例3. May I ask you a question?                  

2）can/could/may的回答

（1）can/could表示能力时，用can提问就用can回答，用could提问就用could回答。

【例题精讲】

例1. --Can you ride a bike?                    --Yes, I can./No, I can’t       

例2. --Could you ride a bike at 10 years old?      --Yes, I could./No, I couldn’t.

（2）can/could在表示请求和允许时，can提问用can回答，could提问还用can回答。

【例题精讲】

例1. --Can I go now?                     --Yes, you can. / No, you can’t.

例2. --Could I come to see you tomorrow?    --Yes, you can. / No, I’m afraid not.

（3）may在表示请求和允许时，肯定回答用may或can, 否定回答时可用can’t 或mustn’t，表示“不可以，禁止”。

【例题精讲】

例1. --May I take this book out of the room?  

例2. --Yes, you can. /No, you can’t / mustn’t.

【巩固练习】

1. -- ________ your brother speak Japanese?

  -- Yes, he learnt it in Tokyo three years ago.

A. Should            B. Must          C. Can          D. May

2. I can play the guitar, but I _________ play the violin.

A. don’t              B. am not        C. can’t          D. mustn’t

3. -- Dick, _________ I use your e-dictionary?

  -- Yes, please. __________ you give it to Mike after you use it?

A. will; Would        B. may; Might     C. can; Could     D. shall; Should

4. -- David, is that man your headmaster?

  -- It _________ be him. He’s having a meeting.

A. mustn’t           B. can’t           C. won’t         D. shouldn’t

知识点二：how和what引导的感叹句的用法

【知识梳理】

定义：感叹句用来表达说话时的惊异、喜悦、气愤等情绪。感叹句常由what或how引导，what修饰名词，how修饰形容词、副词或动词。

一、基本结构

【句型一】What + (a / an) + 形容词 + 名词 + 主语 + 谓语！

What a clever boy he is! (他是个)多么聪明的男孩啊！

What an interesting story it is! (这是个)多么有趣的故事啊！

What fine weather it is! 多好的天气啊！

What beautiful flowers they are! (它们是)多么漂亮的花啊！

【说明】 在感叹句中，What a / an 常用来修饰单数可数名词，若其前面的形容词为元音开头，则用 an。what 是用来修饰复数可数名词和不可数名词。但有些不可数名词，如 rain, surprise, breakfast, lunch 等，当前面有形容词修饰，使抽象名词具体化时，则要用 what a / an，如：

What a heavy rain it is! 多大的一场雨啊！

What a great surprise it is! 这多么令人惊奇啊！

What a rich breakfast it is! 多么丰盛的一顿早餐啊！

 【句型二】How + 形容词 / 副词 + 主语 + 谓语！

How well you look! 你气色真好!

How kind you are! 你心肠真好!

How beautifully you sing! 你唱得真好听!

Strawberries! How nice! 草莓! 多好呀!

How clever the boy is! 这个男孩多么聪明啊！

How fast he runs! 他跑得多么快啊！

【说明】how还可以修饰动词构成感叹句，但动词不提前。如：

How I want to be a doctor! 我多么想成为一名医生啊！

How she dances! 她跳得多好啊！

【注意】

该结构中的形容词不能是表数量的many， much， little， few，遇此情况要用how，即使它们后面跟有名词：

    How many books he has！ 他的书真多！

    How much money he gave her！ 他给了她好多钱呀！

    How little money I have！ 我的钱多么少呀！

    How few friends he has！ 他的朋友真少！

比较：What a little box it is！ 多小巧的盒子呀！（该little不表示数量）

二、感叹句巧解五法

1.一找·二断·三辨·四确定：

构成感叹句的感叹词有两个：what和how，其基本结构是：

1）What＋名词＋陈述肯定式：

2）How＋形容词（或副词）＋陈述肯定式

很多初学者常常对该用what还是该用how弄不清楚。如：

①____cold water this is！

A．How                 B．What

②____cold it is！

A．What                B．How

例如：

____nice present it is！

A．How                       B．What

C．How                       D．What a

三、陈述句改为感叹句的方法

“断→找→去→添→改”五步法：

若把一个陈述句变为感叹句，可以采取这“五步法”。如：

The picture is very beautiful．

断：在陈述句中的谓语动词后将句子断开：

The picture is｜very beautiful．

找：划出断线后的中心词是何词类。

去：中心词是形容词或副词时，要把修饰该形容词或副词的词去掉。（比如本句中心词beautiful是形容词，修饰该词的是very，变时应去掉very。但须注意，线后如果是名词，名词前的修饰语是万万不能去掉的。

添：就是添上感叹词。如果线后的中心词是名词，就添What；是形容词或副词就添How。

改：将陈述句句前的大写改为小写，将变为感叹句的感叹词及其修饰的名词部分放在句首，感叹词首写字母改为大写。同时句尾的标点由陈述句的句号改为感叹句的感叹号。

据此，上句就变成了：How beautiful the picture is！

再如：要把“He is a good student．”变成感叹句，可如上法炮制：He is｜a good student．中心词是名词student，a good为修饰student的修饰语，不能去掉，故变成感叹句应选感叹词what，变成：What a good student he is！

（3）一断·二加·三换位：

例：1）This is a beautiful flower·

2）This flower is beautiful．

“一断”：在谓语动词后将此句划断。

1）This is｜a beautiful flower．

2）This flower is｜beautiful．

“二加”：在第二部分前加引起感叹句的“What或How”；中心词为名词时加“What”；是形容词、副词加“How”。

1）What a beautiful flower…

2）How beautiful…

“三换位”：将第一部分与第二部分对换位置。

1）What a beautiful flower this is！

2）How beautiful this flower is！

【例题精讲】

1.(山东烟台)

—______ weather it is! Shall we go for a picnic?

— I can’t agree more.

A.What a good    B. What good   C. How good the    D. How good

2.(山东滨州)

—Jane won the first prize in the English speech contest.

—____________ big progress she has made! She used to be weak in English.

A. How        B. How a    C. What   D. What a

3.(江苏淮安)

_____ great fun Andrew has ______ DIY in the art room with his classmates!

A. What; doing        B. What; done  C. How; doing   D. How; done

4.(江苏东台）

__________ good time we had during the May Day holiday!（　　）

1. What a    B. What    C. How    D. How a

5.（扬州树人）

________big success the charity show was！We have collected a lot of money.

A.How            B.What              C.What a        D.How a

6.(苏州）

Guan Dong saved an old lady out of the Yangtze River．________  great courage he showed!

A. What a      B. What      C. How a         D. How

7. —It is reported that cancer can be controlled at a temperature lower than 110℃ below zero.

—Really? _______ nice surprise!

A. How                 B. What  C. What a    D. What an

【巩固练习】

1、________ great news it is! We’ll have a school trip next week.

 A. What a    B. What    C. How a       D. How

2、—We are going to take part in Running Man.

 —______ exciting news!

A. What   B. What an       C. How     D. How an

3、--- _______ it is!

 -- Let’s go out and enjoy the sunshine!

 A. What a lovely day    B. How windy    C. What a rainy day   D. How wet

4、_______ fat sheep they are!

 A. What     B. What a     C. How        D. How a

5、﹣________ angry Kangkang looks!What happened？

﹣He found his mother reading his diary when he returned home yesterday．

A．How B．What C．What an

建议15min

单项选择。

（一）

 (    ) 1. _______ fast the boy ran!

A. How              B. How an            C. What              D. What an

(    ) 2. _______ well you sing but _______ badly he dances!

A. How; how         B. What; what         C. How; what          D. What; how

(    ) 3. ________ delicious the soup is! I’d like some more.

A. How              B. How an           C. What               D. What an

(    ) 4. _______ fools they were! They believed what the man said.

A. How              B. How an           C. What               D. What an

(    ) 5. _______ foolish they were! They believed what the man said.

A. How              B. How an           C. What               D. What an

(    ) 6. _______ difficult questions they are! I can’t answer them.

A. How              B. How an           C. What               D. What an

(    ) 7. I miss my friend very much. _______ I want to see her!

A. How              B. How an           C. What               D. What an

(    ) 8. _______ lovely weather we are having these days!

A. How              B. How an           C. What               D. What an

(    ) 9. _______ interesting work it is to teach children!

A. How              B. How an           C. What               D. What an

（二）

11. The children___ play football on the road. 

A. can't   B. can   C. mustn't    D. must

12. You ___ be late for school again next time. 

A. mustn't   B. needn't   C. don't have to    D. don't need to

13. —Must I do my homework at once? —No, you___.  

A. needn't   B. mustn't    C. can't     D. may not

14.  His arm is all right. He___ go and see the doctor.

A. has not to   B. don't have to   C. haven't to    D. doesn't have to

15You'd better___late next time. 

A. not to be   B. not be   C. won't be     D. don't be

16. You'd better ___ your hair ___ once a month.

A. had; cut   B. had;  cutted  C. have; cut   D. have; cutted

17. You___ ask that man over there. Maybe he knows the way.

A. had better not to   B. had not better   C. had better   D. had better not

18.—Shall we go and visit the History Museum next Sunday? —________

A. Here you are   B. Sorry , I can't   C. Yes, please   D. Let me try

19—Why don't you ask Mike to go with us? —Thanks, ___.

 A. I will   B. I won't    C. lean   D. I may

20. —___ I take the newspaper away? —No, you mustn't. You____read it only here.

A. Must; can   B. May; can   C. Need; must    D. Must; must

要点回顾：建议15min

一．回顾语法—情态动词和感叹句的用法（学生自述）

温故知新：建议5min

课后巩固

一、     动词填空

1.Hurry up,or you_____(get) to the train station late.

2.There are enough gifts for the students_______(sell) in these shops.

3.Will you please_______(not stop) to have a rest?

4.Are they worried about________(not follow) us to see the farmers grow crops.

5.I hope you try______(not miss) any chance(机会）at college.

6.He never hears this famous singer_________(sing) an English song.

7.If it_________(not rain)heavily tomorrow,we can have a party to celebrate his coming.

8.What great fun the foreigners will have_________(travel) to our country?

9.Do you think they will miss________(watch) the wonderful shows?

10.The artists they are looking forward to __________(visit) our school this weekend?

11.There _________(be) a fashion show in five minutes, isn’t there?

12.Would the twins and their parents like_______(enjoy) the local food?

13.Is your father’s job_________(help) the poor children in that area?

14.He usually spends as much as money as he can ________(buy) the magazines.

二、单选

1. _____ good time we had at the park yesterday afternoon!

A. What  B. How  C. What a  D. How a

2. — Look! An old man is in the middle of the street. It’s too dangerous.

— Let’s help him go _____ the street.

A. along  B. over              C. cross  D. across

3. — How can I get some _____ about Marco Polo?

— Why not search the Internet?

A. fact  B. message           C. trouble  D. information

4. — Why are you walking so quickly, Wilson?

— There _____ a fashion show in ten minutes.

A. are going to be  B. is going to have C. will be  D. will have

5. — Excuse me, can I use your bicycle? _____ is broken.

— Certainly. But remember to return _____ before lunch.

A. My; it  B. Mine; it  C. My; one  D. Mine; one

6. On her way home Lucy saw a boy _____ in the street. She stopped _____ 110 at once.

A. cry; calling     B. to cry; to call C. crying; to call     D. crying; calling

7. _____ knows anything about him because he never tells us _____ about himself.

A. Anybody; anything B. Anybody; nothing C. Nobody; anything  D. Nobody; nothing

8. What a surprise to see you here! When _____ you _____ back?

A. do; get   B. did; get  C. have; got  D. will; get

9. The bank is far away from here indeed it’s about _____ walk.

A. three hour       B. a three hour’s    C. a three-hours   D. a three-hour

10. There was a big fire last night. But the local firemen _____ at last.

A. put it up   B. put it down  C. put it out  D. put it away

11. — Mum, _____ I visit the Movie Museum tomorrow?

— I’m afraid you can’t. It is closed on Monday.

A. may   B. must  C. should  D. need

12. — Where does he live?

— He lives in Room ______ on the ______ floor.

A. Three; third     B. Three; three    C. Third; third   D. Third; three

13. I’m too busy _____ my homework _____ walk my dog every day.

A. to do; to        B. doing; to      C. to do; /      D. doing; /

14. Which of the following words comes first in the dictionary?

A. trick   B. treasure  C. trousers  D. treat

15. — I will have an important exam tomorrow. I hope I can pass it.

— ____.

A. That’s right     B. That’s all right   C. Good idea    D. Good luck

预习思考

复习U1-2单词