2023年上海中考英语—状语从句的翻译课件

这是一份2023年上海中考英语—状语从句的翻译课件，共35页。PPT课件主要包含了时间状语从句的译法，地点状语从句的译法，原因状语从句的译法，条件状语从句的译法，让步状语从句的译法，介词隐含条件关系等内容，欢迎下载使用。
The cmputer will find the rute when yu send yur signal t it.把信号输入计算机，它就会找到行车路线。If water is culd enugh, it changes t ice.水温降到一定程度便会结冰。
有时将时间状语从句转译成条件状语从句，将地点状语从句转译成条件状语从句。如：These three clrs, red, green, and vilet, then cmbined, prduce white.红、绿、紫三色若合在一起，就变成白色。 Where there is nthing in the path f the beam f light, nthing is seen.如果光轨迹上没有东西，就什么也看不出来。
译成条件状语从句 When等引导的状语从句，若从逻辑上判断具有条件状语的意义，则往往可转译成条件状语从句。Turn ff the switch when anything ges wrng with the machine.如果机器发生故障，就把电门关上。
译成相应的时间状语，放在句首 不论原文中表示时间的从句是前置或后置，根据汉语习惯，都要译在其主句的前面。When I gt there, they were having a negtiatin.我到了那里时，他们正在谈判。When I gt yu letter, I had shipped the gds.我收到你的信时，已经将货物装运完毕。
We discussed the shipping date till three ’clck, when the custmer called n us.我们对装运期一直讨论到3点钟，这时客户前来拜访。I was making the cntract, when the manager came.我正在做合同，这时经理来了。
The liability f the seller is at the same time liability f the buyer.卖方的责任同时也是买方的责任。I was n the pint f ging abrad, when my custmer came.我正要出国的时候，我的客户来了。
The present price level is changeable, smetimes high, smetimes lw.目前的价格水平变化不定，有时高，有时低。Nw in spring, nw in autumn, the Fair is held in Beijing.交易会时而在春季，时而在秋季，在北京举办。
The vlume f ur exprt has increased in the train f the develpment f China’s ecnmy.随着中国经济的发展，我们的出口量已经增加。They were here frm March t July inclusive.他们从3月到7月（包括3月，7月）都在这里。They were here frm March t July exclusive.他们从4月到6月（去掉3月和7月）都在这里。
译成并列句 有的连词（如as，while，when等）引导时间状语从句，在表达主句和从句的谓语动作同时进行时，英译汉时可省略连词，译成汉语的并列句。The earth turns rund its axis as it travels arund the sun.地球一面绕太阳运行，一面绕地轴回转。
译成相应的地点状语 一般可将地点状语从句译在句首。Heat is always being transferred in ne way r anther, where there is any difference in temperature. 凡有温差的地方，热都会以这样或那样的方式传输。
译成条件状语从句或结果状语从句 where或wherever引导的状语从句，若从逻辑上判断具有条件状语或结果状语的意义，则可转移为相应的状语从句。Where water resurces are plentiful, hydrelectric pwer statins are being built in large numbers.只要是水源充足的地方，就可以修建大批的电站。
译成因果偏正复句的主句 这实际是一种省略连词的译法，把从句译成主句。Because energy can be changed frm ne frm int anther, electricity can be changed int heat energy, mechanical energy, light energy, etc.能量能从一种形式转换成另一种形式，所以电可以转变为热能、机械能、光能等。
译成表示“条件”或“假设”的分句 按照汉语的习惯，不管表示条件还是假设，分句都放在主句的前部，因此英语的条件从句汉译时绝大多数置于句首。He will nt increase the quantity, unless requested.除非有要求，他不会增加数量。译成补充说明情况的分句 不少条件状语从句汉译时可置于主句后面，做补充说明情况的分句。Irn r steel parts will rust, if they are unprtected.铁件或钢件是会生锈的，如果不加保护的话。
1．状语 (1) in case f In case f quality discrepancy, claims shall be filed by the Buyer within 30 days after the arrival f the gds at the prt f destinatin. 若发生质量索赔，买方的索赔必须在货物到达目的港的30天内提出。
(2) in the event f In the event f graft r serius derelictin f duty n the part f the general manager and/r deputy general managers, the Bard f Directrs shall have the pwer t dismiss them at will. 若总经理和/或副总经理有营私舞弊或严重失职时，董事会有权随时将其撤换。
(3) in cnsideratin f 考虑到； 鉴于； 由于e.g. In cnsideratin f the Licenses and technical assistance prvided herein, the Jint Venture Cmpany shall pay Party A technical assistance fees in USD. 考虑到许可以及在此提供的技术援助，合资公司将以美圆的方式支付甲方技术援助费。
(4) subject t 在……条件下；根据…..规定;在…..规定的范围内；以……为有效。e.g. Subject t the terms t this agreement, the prducer agrees t be bund by the terms t the fllwing marketing agreement. 在本协议的条件下，制造商同意接受下列销售协议各项条款的约束。be bund by  受…约束；由…联系起来
If the Frce Majeure event lasts ver 60 days, the Buyer shall have the right t cancel the Cntract r the undelivered part f the Cntract. 若不可抗力事件持续60天以上，买方有权撤消本合同或合同中未完成的部分。
（2）In case n settlement can be reached thrugh negtiatin, the case shall then be submitted t Arbitratin Tribunal f the Stckhlm Chamber f Cmmerce in accrdance with the Arbitratin Rules and Prcedure f the said Tribunal. 如通过协商仍不能达成协议时，应提交斯德哥尔摩商会仲裁院，根据该院的仲裁规则和程序进行仲裁。
In the event that deficiencies in the Equipment becme evident, such deficiencies shall be crrected by ABC during the tw days per week during which the Purchaser will nt be testing.若发现设备有缺陷，应由ABC用每周买方不进行试验的这两天时间对设备予以校正
（4）Shuld any f the stipulatins t the Cntract be altered, amended, supplemented r deleted, the same shall be negtiated between and agreed upn by bth parties and written dcuments shall be signed by the representatives f bth parties. 本合同条款的任何变更、修改或增删，须经双方协商同意，并由双方代表签署书面文件为有效。
（5）Neither party shall have the right t represent the ther party unless therwise arranged. 除另有安排者外，任何一方无权代 表 另一方。（unless从句中的主语 和动词be常省去。）（6）We can sell a lt f garments prvided that yur price is highly cmpetitive.如果你方价格很有竞争性，我方就可大量出售。 
译成表示“让步” 的分句 汉语中让步分句一般前置，但也可后置。Thugh we get nly a relatively small part f the ttal pwer radiated frm the sun, what we get is much mre than enugh fr ur needs. 虽然我们仅得到太阳辐射总能量的一小部分，但是，与我们的实际需要量相比，这已绰绰有余了。
The price was a little bit high, yet I accepted it.价格有点高，但我还是接受了。 Even if yu shipped the gds nw, yu culdn’t catch up the first steamer.即使你方现在就装货，还是不能赶上第一班船。We can’t cnclude this transactin even if yu cut dwn the price.即使你方减价，我们也不能成交。True, the weather is bad, but we will ship the gds.天气诚然恶劣，但我们一定要把货物装运完毕。
Whether yu believe it r nt, the custmer signed the cntract.无论你信不信，反正客户签了约。He had t attend the Fair, whether r nt he wanted it.不管愿意与否，他非得去参加交易会。Waking r sleeping, the transactin is always in my mind.不论是醒着还是睡着，这笔生意时常浮现在我脑中。Fast as yu d, yu can’t ship the gds in tw hurs.尽管你做得快，也不可能在两小时内将货物装完。
省略了if以后，从句倒装了的条件句。
这种条件句有一定隐秘性，要特别注意，要察觉出这是条件句的一种变形，并在翻译过程中添加省略了的条件连词，以使句子文法通顺。 Shuld we get any further prgressive infrmatin frm ur factry，we wuld never fail t write t yu．假如我们从工厂得到进一步的消息，我们就一定通知你方。
介词隐含条件关系
Yu culd benefit frm higher sale with a little cncessin．say a 2％reductin． 只要稍做让步，比方说降价2％，就可得 到一大笔交易。 With短语有表示“伴随”的含义。原句所要表达的意思是“想要得到一笔大交易，首先要稍做让步”。
由介词at表示的隐含条件关系。We cannt pssibly deliver the merchandise in this cnditin t ur custmers，but might accept the lt at a reductin f 20％n the cntract price。我们不可能将这样的货物交给顾客，但如按合同价削减20％，也许可以接受。
由介词upn表示的隐含条件关系The price-list f ur gds is available upn request．如果需要，可提供货物的价目单。有时条件关系会隐含在时间状语中，表示万一发生的事情，翻译时不应按时间状语处理，而应该按条件关系处理, 这样做更符合汉语的说法。Upn有“当⋯⋯时候”的意思，初看译者可能会觉得这是一个时间句，但实际上却是一个隐含条件句。
隐含在句子中的条件关系
We are interested in Printed Shirting and shall be pleased t receive frm yu by air illustrated catalgues，sample bks and pricelist． 我们对印花细布有兴趣。贵方如能航寄来 有关的插图目录表、样品本及价格表，将不胜感激。
Yur prmpt reply will be greatly preciated．如能尽快回复将不胜感激。As present，everywhere yu g arund the wdd yu will be surprised t see Chinese gds at every crner in the supermarket and freemarket．如果现在有机会去世界各国走走，你会吃惊地发现，在超市和自由贸易市场的每个角落都有中国商品。
(1) If yur price is reasnable and qualities satisfactry，we shall be able t place substantial rders． 如果你们的商品物美价廉，我们将会有大量的交易。(2)Unless therwise stated r agreed upn，all prices are net withut cmmissin． 除非另有规定或经双方同意，所有价格都是不含佣金的净价。
(3)Suppsing yur price is cmpetitive，wewuld like t mail yu ur rder sheet．要是你方价格有竞争性，我方将寄上订单。(4)We will send yu an rder fr 5，000 metric tns，prvided／prviding that yu can ship in May．假如你方能在5月份装船，我们将订购5000吨。