【同步练习】译林版初二英语下册 Unit2 语法及单元易错题整理

这是一份【同步练习】译林版初二英语下册 Unit2 语法及单元易错题整理，共9页。
8B Unit2语法及单元易错题整理 8BUnit 2 语法一、 have been (to)和have gone (to)的区别： ★have / has been (to) 表示“曾经到过某地”，说话时此人不在那里，已经回来。侧重指经历。常与ever, never,once,twice,连用 。★have / has gone (to) 表示某人“已经去某地了”，说话时此人可能在路上或已到那里，说话时某人不在这里，只用于第三人称。试比较：    He has been to Beijing. 他曾去过北京。   （人已回来，可能在这儿）    He has gone to Beijing. 他已经去北京了。   （人已走，不在这儿）。补充学习：★have (has) been in 表示“在某地（多长时间）”，现在仍在那里。常与表示一段时间的状语连用（for 和since的时间状语）,表示延续性的状态，意思是“去/来/到某地多久”例如：Mr. Brown has been in Shanghai for three days. 布朗来上海已经有三天了。注意：如果遇到here, there, home等地点副词时，介词to, in 要省略。二、现在完成时中的谓语动词短暂性动词也称非延续性动词，瞬间动词，表示不能延续的动作，这种动作发生后立即结束，比如：leave, arrive, come, go, start, begin, finish, end, join, die, buy, borrow, move, fall asleep, get to know, go out, go away, get up等。短暂性动词可以用于现在完成时，但不能和for，since，how long表示一段时间的状语连用。如可说“He has left.”但不能说“He has left for three years.” 如果要表达“他已走了三年了”可用以下几种表达法：1、用ago,使用一般过去时。      He left here three years ago.2、用“It is +一段时间＋since ＋一般过去时从句 ”      It is three years since he left here.3、用“ 一段时间＋has passed + since + 一般过去时从句”Three years has passed since he left here.熟背瞬间动词（短暂性动词）对应的延续性动词表： 短暂性动词延续性动词leavehave/has been away (from)borrowhave/has keptbuyhave/has haddiehave/has been deadmarry/get marriedhave/has been marriedjoinhave/has been in / have been a member ofcome back / return/go backhave/has been backgo outhave/has been outreceive / get a letter / hear fromhave/has had a letter fromopenhave/has been openclosehave/has been closedbegin/starthave/has been onstop / finish/ endhave/has been overmove tohave/has lived inget uphave/has been upwake uphave/has been awakefall asleephave/has been asleepcatch a coldhave/has had a coldcome to/ go to/ arrive in/ reach / get tohave/has been inbegin / starte to do sthhave/has done sthget to knowhave/has knownput onhave/has wornbreak downhave/has been brokenget lost / lose one’s wayhave/has been lostget angry / excited / interestedhave/has been angry / excited / interestedget worriedhave/has been worriedbecomehave/has been例：1.他入党五年了。He joined the Party five years ago .——He has been in the Party for five years/since five years ago.——He has been a Party member for five years/since five years ago.——It has been five years since he joined the Party. ——It is five years since he joined the Party.——Five years has passed since he joined the Party.2.电影开始五分钟了。 The film began five minutes ago.——The film has been on for five minutes.——It has been five minutes since the film began. ——It is five minutes since the film began.——Five minutes has passed since the film began. 语法练习1.He got to Beijing five minutes ago.He ________ _________ _________ Beijing for _________ _________.2.I moved to the USA last year.I ________ ________ __________ the USA since __________ __________.3.I went home yesterday.I _______ ________ _________ home for _________ __________.4.They came here last week.They _________ _________ here since _________ __________.5.He came out two years ago.He _________ __________ _________ for __________ __________.6.We return to Fuzhou yesterday.We ________ ________ _________ to Fuzhou since __________.7.I became a teacher in 2000.I ________  __________ a teacher for _________ _________.8.The river became dirty last year.The river _________ _________ dirty for _________ __________.9.The shop closed two hours ago.The shop ________ _________ _________ for _________ _________.10.The door opened at six in the morning.The door ________ ________ ________ for six hours.11.I got up two hours ago.I ________ ________ ________ since ________ ________.12.He left Fuzhou just now.He _______ ________ ________ _________ Fuzhou for five minutes.13.My grandpa died in 2002.My grandpa _______ _______ ________for _______ ________.14.The meeting finished at six.   The meeting ________ ______ ______ for six hours.15.I got to sleep two hours ago.I ________ _________ _________ since _________ __________.16.They married in 1990.They ________ _________ __________since _________.17.I began to teach at this school in 1995.  I ____ ____ at this school since ____.18.The film began two minutes ago.    The film ____ ____ ____ for ____ ____.19.They borrowed it last week.They _________ _________ it since __________ __________.20.I bought a pen two hours ago.  I _________ _________ a pen for ________ __________.21.I got to know him last year. I _________ __________him since __________ ________.22.I put on my glasses three years ago.I __________ __________ my glasses for _________ _________.23.He has gone to Beijing.  He ____ ____ _____ Beijing for two days.25. 他感冒三天了.He has ______________________ for three days.He _________________________ three days ago.26. 我们买这本书三年了.We                  the book for three years.We           the book three years ago.  27.自从上星期以来,我就借了这本书.I                       the book since last week.I             the book last week.28.我成为一个学生两年多了.I                     a student for over two years.I           a student two years ago.29. Mr Black死了三年了。Mr Black                            for three years.Mr Black          three years ago.30.下课10分钟了The class                            for ten minutes.The class          ten minutes ago.31.电影开始了一小时了The film _________________for an hour.The film      ______     an hour ago.32.(      )His grandma ______ for two years.          A.  died   B. has died  C. was dead   D. has been dead 33.(       ). How long have you ____ this book?A.  bought    B.  borrowed     C.  had       D.  lent用have been to和have gone to的正确形式完成下列句子1. ——Where is Tom? ——He ____________the post office.2．____________you ever ____________London?3．My grandfather ________________Beijing only once.4．I ____________never ____________Australia.5. _________ you ever ________ abroad before?6. You are here! Where ______ you __________ ?7. Tom and Mary aren’t here. They __________________ home8. My father ________________ New York. He left this morning.9. None of us ________________ England.10. A: “I’ve come to see Tom.”B: “But he is not here. He ______________  your house to see you.”11. I ______ never ___________ there.12. The young man _____________ Beijing. He is working there now.13. Mr. Smith _________________ Britain and France this year.Now he is telling his students about his trip.14. All the students _____________ the meeting to listen to a lecture.15. Where is Jerry?   He isn’t here now. He ____________ the library to borrow books.16. Where ______ he ______? I can’t find him anywhere.17. I ________ never __________ abroad.*18. She _______ _______ ______ Beijing for three years.*19. Han Han __________________ a writer since he was a student.*20. How long ________ you _________ here?U2易错题整理含答案单项选择  1 In the novel, Quashimodo is        ugly man, he is from       European country, France.A. a; a              B.a; an                C.an; an               D.an; a2.The novel by Higashino Keigo isn’t wonderful. _______, its ending is OK.A. Anyway    B. Moreover    C. In Fact       D. As a result  3. ______you are unable to solve the problem, perhaps we should ask someone else.A.Since               B.During            C.Unless            D.After4.--______have Mr.and Mrs.Black______Shanghai?----Since three weeks ago.A.How often;been to    B.How soon;gone to  C.How long;been in    D.How far;been in5.The roller coaster moved        high speed. The children can’t stop          .A. at; to scream       B.at; screaming         C.in; to scream          D.in; screaming6. The fish ______________for some time. You’d better cook them at once.  A. has died         B. has been dead        C. have died         D. have been dead7. From March 23rd, 2013, anyone under the age of 14 __________ go into Disney’s parks alone.A. couldn’t          B. mustn’t              C. needn’t           D. mightn’t8. ---Would you please give me a hand and take these exercise books to the classroom? ---__________. A. That’s all right    B. My pleasure          C. With pleasure      D. Not at all9. ---I’m afraid the concert has begun.---Don’t worry. It __________ until Li Yundi __________.A. doesn’t begin; comes           B. won’t begin; will come   C. won’t begin; comes            D. doesn’t begin; will come10. ---My aunt ______________ Singapore for a holiday.---It’s a beautiful country. I ________there twice.A. has gone to; have gone         B. has been to; have been  C. has gone to; have been to       D. has gone to; have been11. —I’m sorry to have kept you waiting long. —Never mind. I ______ here for only a few minutes.A. have come   B. have been   C. have arrived  D. waited12. Her uncle ______ to the factory. He will be back ______ an hour.A. has gone; after  B. has been; in   C. has gone; in   D. has been; after13. I ______ here only half an hour ago.A. have arrived  B. have arrived at  C. arrived    D. arrived at14. —I have finished my homework. —When ______ you ______ it?A. do; finish   B. will; finish   C. have; finished   D. did; finish15. My parents gave red packets to my cousin every Spring Festival ______ she got a job, because she said she was able to make money.A. after   B. when    C. until    D. since16. His arm ____ the chair by the kidnapper(绑匪). The only way to escape(逃脱) was to break the rope ______.A. was tied to; as faster as he could    B. was tied to; as fast as he couldC. was tying to; as fast as possible     D. was tying to; as faster as possible17.--- Where ______ you _____?   --- I went to see the football match. A. have; been       B. have; gone         C. are; going          D. will; go18. The ancient(古代的) book was made______ bamboo and it was made______ six parts.A. up of; ofB. from; up ofC. of; up ofD. from; of19.  Though his opinion was the ______ of mine, we calmed down and communicated patiently.A. overB. darknessC. againstD. opposite20. —Would you please help me look after my pet dog?  —Of course. ____________.A. With pleasure      B. My pleasure            C. That’s OK     D. You’re welcome 一、完形填空    Once upon a time there lived a wise king who wanted to marry off his favorite daughter. He wanted to know how he could find the right person. The king had an idea. He decided to hold a   1   to decide which gentleman would qualify(合格)for this great honor. The king announced(宣布)that anyone who wanted to marry the princess must report to the palace. To win his daughter, a man had to   2   a whole room with a light thing very quickly.The first brave man arrived at the   3  . He brought bags full of feathers. With great confidence, he started to fill the large room with feathers, but time ran out and he  4  .The next day, another young man tried to  5 fill the room, this time with beautiful silk 6  ran out again, and he left the palace unhappily    The competition went on day after day. Hundreds of young men hoped to pass the test but no  one succeeded. The king began to feel   7 . Wasn't anyone in the country qualified to marry the beautiful princess?    One day, a young man arrived at the palace empty-handed. The king wondered how this man planned to win the competition. Entering the room, the young man  8 the lights. He reached into his pocket. got a small candle. and lit(点燃)it. Very soon, the  9   filled the whole room.    The king was very happy  10   he had found the perfect man for his lovely daughter.1. A. meeting          B. party            C. show            D. competition2. A. set              B. take             C. fill              D. clear3. A. palace           B. city              C. garden          D. town4. A. finished          B. tried             C. failed           D. succeeded5. A. quietly           B. quickly          C. clearly           D. slowly6. A. Time             B. Space           C. Silk             D. Energy7. A. hopeless         B. helpful           C. useful           D. hopefu18. A. turned down      B. turned off         C. turned up         D. turned on9 A. joy              B. laughter          C. light             D. warmness10. A. while           B. though            C. until            D. because二、阅读理解   My best friend Jenny and I went shopping. She held up a purple dress. “Do you like this?” she asked.“It’s great,” I said. “I’ll try this on.” Jenny walked towards the dressing room. After a while, she came out. I sighed (叹气). Part of me wanted to say how good she looked, but another part stopped the words coming out. Jenny was in such good shape that she’d look good in the purple dress. Sometimes I was envious (妒忌的) of her.“Well, Teresa, what do you think?” Jenny asked. The dress looked great on her, but I lied, “I think you need something with more colors.”“You think so?” Jenny asked.“Just believe me. We’ll find something better.” I did my best to get Jenny out of the store. As we left, Jenny gave the dress one last look.Just down the mall, we passed a coffee shop. “Let’s have some coffee,” Jenny said, pulling out her wallet. So we got two cups of coffee and sat down at a table. As Jenny talked about a million things, I thought about my feelings toward her. Those feelings weren’t kind.Sitting there, ________ Jenny was attractive (吸引人的) not just because of her good look, but more because of her kindness. She not only bought coffee for me but also let me drive her car and borrow her clothes.Finishing our coffee, we went to the next clothing store. “Look at that red sweater,” Jenny said. “It would be perfect on you. Soon maybe you’ll have enough by saving your babysitting money to buy something like that.”A few minutes earlier, I had hated the fact that Jenny could ask her parents for anything, and they’d buy it for her. But this time, I heard the voice of Jenny. She loved and cared about me just for who I was. I needed to express (表达) the same to her.1 What did Teresa and Jenny do after they left the first clothing store?A. They went to the next clothing store.  B.They ended friendship between them. C. They had some coffee in a coffee shop.  D. They talked about the dress Jenny wanted.2. Which of the following can be put in the blank in paragraph 10?A. Jenny lent me some money.     B. I told Jenny my unkind feelings.C. I began to see Jenny in a new light.   D. Jenny asked for another cup of coffee.3. Which of the following can best describe Jenny? A. Generous and kind.   B. Helpful and brave.  C. Generous and modern.  D. Helpful and envious.4. What would Teresa probably do later that day?A. Forget all about what had happened.         B.Buy herself the red sweater in the next store.C.Push Jenny back to the first store for the dress.  D. Ask her parents for money to buy the red sweater.三、词汇运用 1. I would _______(想念) you if you move to another city.2. We need to find a _______(极好的) way to deal with this problem.3. The first _____ (航行) into space was a brilliant feat.4.I am going to sit on the ___________(沙) and look at the___________ (风景)．5.I’d like to ask a 　　　　　 (直接) question. How long have you known that man?6.Because of the bad weather, our 　　　　　 (生意) hasn’t been good for weeks.7. -_______ (hope) you will have a wonderful time in Sanya and remember to take some photos.8 . Your mother _________ (get) everything ready for you, hasn’t she?四、动词填空1.________ you ________ (plan)how to organize a show at this time yesterday?2.Lily couldn’t stop ________ (cry) when she heard the bad news．3.There is little milk in the bottle．Who_________(drink) it?4.It_________(rain) heavily．You’d better not go out now．5.---Where is your brother?   ---He            (finish) his homework and is watching TV now. 6.Would you mind _________ (show) us how to start an online tour? 7.— I called you last night, but no one answered.— Oh, I _________ (have) dinner outside then.8..Daniel ________________(tie) his books with a rope when I came into his room.9.The White family ______________(leave) for the airport in the early morning.10..The shop has so many nice things that he couldn’t stop ___________(buy) a lot.11.You ___________________ (drive). Don’t talk on the mobile phone.12.－Sorry, I _____________________(forget) your home address.－Don’t worry. I’ll give it to you on QQ.五、任务型阅读 A speaker was giving a speech to his student on what to do with stress(压力). He held up a glass of water and asked the students, “How heavy do you think this glass of water is?” The      students’ answers were different，from 20g to 500g.    “It does not matter on the exact weight. It depends on(取决于) how long you hold it. If I hold it for a minute, it is OK. If I hold it for an hour, I will have an ache in my right arm. If I hold it for a day, you will send me to the hospital. It is the same weight, but the longer I hold it, the heavier it becomes.”“If we carry our burdens(负担) all the time, we will not be able to carry on, because the burden is becoming heavier and heavier. What you have to do is to put the glass down, have a rest for a while and then hold it up again.”We have to put down the burden sometimes, so that we can cheer up and are able to carry on. So before you return home from work tonight, put the burden of work down. Don’t carry it back home. You can pick it up tomorrow.Whatever burdens you are having now on your shoulders, let it down for a moment if you can.Life is short, enjoy it!TitleHow to relax ourselvesThe speaker’s questionWhat’s the __1__of the glass of  water?The students’    2   From 20g to 500gThe speaker’s explanationsThe weight of the glass of water depends on the  3     of holding it.[来源:学XK]Hold it for a minute , you will feel OK.If you hold it for an hour, your right arm will ache.You have to see a    4     if you hold it for a day.If we carry the burden too long, we will be unable to carry on.The ways to relaxTo relax, you must put the glass down.Have a rest   5   holding the glass up again.The writer’s adviceDon’t carry your work back home and pick it up tomorrow.  Enjoy your life. 六、完成句子 1．自从她嫁给那个男人，她就离开了家乡。She  ________________  her hometown since she ________________  the man. 2．每当小女孩想念她亲爱的妈妈时，她就忍不住一直哭泣。Every time the little girl  ________________  her dear mum, she  ________________．3．他们刚刚乘直飞航班去德国的首都出差。They have just ________________ the capital of Germany  ________________．4. 我不敢坐过山车因为它高速地移动着。I am afraid of taking the roller coaster___________________________________________.5. 我的父母一大早就动身前往机场了。  My parents ____________________the airport __________________________________.6. 李华已离开中国两年了。  Li Hua____________________________China _____________________ago.7. 我已经一年没见到我父母了，我多想他们啊！   I ___________________ my parents for a year yet. How much I _____________________! 8B Unit2易错题整理         一 单项选择  1-5 DAACB  6-10BBCCC  11-15 BCCDC  16-20BBBCA二 完形填空  1-5 DCACB  6-10 AABCD三 阅读理解   CCAC四 词汇运用 1miss 2  fantastic 3 navigation 4beach view 5  direct 6  business 7 Hope 8has got   五 动词填空1Did plan 2  crying 3   has drunk 4  is raining 5   has finished 6  showing 7  was having 8  was tying 9  are leaving 10 buying 11 are driving 12  have forgotten六 任务型阅读 1 weight 2 answers 3  time 4doctor 5before七 完成句子 1 have been away from  married to  2  thinks of  can`t helping crying 3  taken the direct flight to  on business 4  because it is moving at a high speed  5 left for  in the early morning 6ahve been away from since two years  7 haven`t seen    miss them