【同步练习】译林版初二英语下册 Unit5 重点讲解

这是一份【同步练习】译林版初二英语下册 Unit5 重点讲解，共4页。
译林英语8B Unit5 重点讲解Welcome: 1. You’re old enough to learn about manners now.              sb.+ be + adj. + enough to do sth. 某人足够……做某事Tom 很强壮能举起这个箱子。Tom is strong enough to lift the box.她很富有能买这辆车。She is rich enough to buy this car.2. You’re never too old to learn.             ( too… to…  太…而不能…)他太小了不能去上学。He is too young to go to school. 3. drop litter everywhere   到处扔垃圾   4. leave the tap running 让水龙头一直开着1) leave sb/sth doing sth    不要让那个学生一直站在那。 Don’t leave the student standing there.2) leave sb/sth + adj.不要把孩子单独留在家里。Don’t leave the children alone at home.3) leave sb/sth + 介词你们回家时别把灯开着。Don’t leave the lights on when you go home. 5. queue for your turn   排队等轮到你请等着轮到你。Please wait for your turn.1）It’s one’s turn to do sth. 轮到某人做某事今天轮到你打扫教室。It’s your turn to clean the classroom today.2) take turns to do sth. 轮流着做某事我们每周轮流着打扫教室We take turns to clean the classroom every week.Reading: 1. What’s the proper way to greet people there, Jenny?1）the proper way to do sth.  做某事正确的方法跟人打招呼的正确方式是说“您好”。 The proper way to greet people is to say“hello”.2）It’s proper for sb. to do sth.   对我们来说在公共场所举止礼貌是正确的。It’s proper for us to behave politely in public.2. British people say “hello” or “nice to meet you” and shake your hand when they meet you for the first time.shake sb’s hand  与某人握手 = shake hands with sb.中国人通常用握手来表达友好。Chinese people usually shake their hands to express their friendliness.3. Do they greet people with a kiss?1) greet  vt.  问候；打招呼   /  greet sb. with …以……方式跟人打招呼她微笑着跟我们打了个招呼。She greeted us with a smile.2) kiss  n.  亲吻    v.    亲吻     kiss sb. ( v.) = give sb. a kiss ( n.)4. But please avoid subjects like age, weight or money.1）avoid  sth.      避免某事   我们应该避免此类事情。We should avoid things like this.我们必须认真做作业避免错误。 We must do our homework carefully to avoid mistakes.2) avoid doing sth.    避免做某事 你应避免吃这么不健康的食品 You should avoid eating such unhealthy food.王先生设法避免让他的经理生气。Mr. Wang tried to avoid making his manager angry.5. Do people there behave politely in public1) behave  politely   v.   表现礼貌举止礼貌是一种良好的礼仪。 Behaving politely is a kind of good manners.                                  = It is a kind of good manners to behave politely. 2) public   n.  民众, 群体   the public这个宫殿现在对公众开放。The palace is now open to the public.3) in public  (句末) 公开地，在公共场合她害怕在公众前讲话。She is afraid of speaking in public.6. They think it’s rude to push in before others.1) It is + adj + (for sb) + to do sth. 问英国人多大年龄是不礼貌的。 It is impolite to ask British people how old they are.对他来说五分钟内做出这数学题是不可能的。It’s impossible for him to work out the maths problem in 5 minutes.2) push in  = cut in    插队,  加塞排队等车时不该插队。We should not cut in when waiting for the bus. ★ cut in on sb./ sth.      插嘴大人说话时，小孩应该避免插嘴。Children should avoid cutting in on them while the adults(大人) are talking. ★不要推门。请拉开。Don’t push the door. Pull it, please. 7.  Also, if they bump into someone in the street, they’ll say “sorry”.bump into sb. / sth. 撞/碰某人,物 撞着你了真是非常抱歉。 I am really sorry to bump into you. 小心别撞到其它车子。 Be careful not to bump into other cars. 8.  If you’re in their way, they won’t touch you or push past you.1) in one’s way        挡住某人的路我不能走的很快，因为很多人挡了我的路。I couldn't walk very fast because a lot of people were in my way.  ( in this way 用这个方法；by the way 随便问一下；on one’s way to…在去…的路上)2）push past sb./ sth.  从…身边挤过去当我们排队时不要跟别人挤来挤去。Don’t push past others when we are waiting in a queue. 9. They’ll say “excuse me” and be polite enough to wait till you move.区别：Excuse me. Can you tell me how to go to the park? 劳驾，你能告诉我如何去公园吗？     I’m sorry. I broke your glass this morning.  很抱歉，我早上打碎了你的杯子。10. British people are very polite at home as well, aren’t they?  1） as well = ,too      也， (句末)   我唱自己谱曲的歌，也弹吉他。 I write my own songs and I play the guitar as well.    我要到伦敦去，我妹妹也要去。 I am going to London and my sister is going as well. 2）as well as…  还有… 我喜欢英语还有数学。 I like English as well as Maths. 我们学校有图书馆也有商店。 There is a library as well as a shop in our school. ★（ as well / too  肯定句，句末；either 否定句，句末； also 肯定句，句中）11. Just as the saying goes, “When in Rome, do as the Romans do.”（入乡随俗）   as 1)作为  As a student, we should work hard.       2)随着  As the days are shorter, and the temperature drops.      3)像，如同 This box is the same size as that box.                  I’m as old as him/he.       4) 因为，由于 As you were out, I left a message.       5）正如，如同 As you know, Julia is leaving soon. Grammar:一：Grammar A:   be + adj.（形容词）+ enough + to do sth. 1. You are old enough to learn about manners2. If you are in their way, British people will be polite enough to wait till you move.3. Millie is patient enough to listen carefully when others speak.（注意：实意动词+ adv.（副词） + enough + to do sth.他跑的够快赶上了早班车。 He ran fast enough to catch the early bus. 老师表达她自己够清晰，我们能懂。The teacher expressed herself clearly enough for us to understand. ）Grammar B:  1)  be + too + adj. + to do sth.1. Suzy was too shy to join the discussion.2. Simon was too excited to express himself clearly.3.Amy was too careless to take her hat with her when she left. 2) be + too + adj. + for sb. + to do sth. 1.The UK is too far away for Jenny to go there on her own.2.It’s too difficult for him to work out the math problem in five minutes. ( 注意：实意动词+ too + adv.（副词）(for sb.) + to do sth.He drove too fast for us to catch up with. He walked too slowly to get there in time.  ) 二：转换： 这个盒子太重，小男孩搬不动。 The box is too heavy for the little boy to carry.= The box isn’t light enough for the little boy to carry.这男孩年龄太小，不能照顾自己。This boy is too young to look after himself.=This boy isn’t old enough to look after himself.三：1. She did not join the discussion.   （join one’s discussion  n. 讨论 ）              我不愿意加入他们的讨论。I'm not willing to join their discussion.2. He did not express himself clearly.   （express oneself  v. 表达自己（的意思））我已经清楚的表达了我的意思。I have expressed myself clearly.3. Jenny cannot go there on her own.   on one’s own = by oneself = alone 我能独自地把工作做完。 I am able to finish the job on my own =by myself = alone 4. Kitty was very busy with her dancing lessons.忙于(做)某事  be busy with sth. =be busy doing sth.我每天忙于做家作。 I’m busy with my homework every day. =I’m busy doing my homework every day. 他们太忙于讨论而没能及时上交报告。They are too busy discussing to hand in the report in time.Integrated skills:1.  be used in public places  在公共场所被使用    这些标识在公共场所使用。These signs are used in public places.“No parking”经常在公共场所使用。“No parking” is often used in public places.2. Help explain things and give us useful information.     向某人解释某事    explain sth. to sb. = explain to sb. sth老师向我们解释了校规。The teacher explained the school rules to us. = The teacher explained to us the school rules. 3. warn us not to do something              1) warn sb not to do sth. 警告，告诫某人不要做某事这个标志警告我们不要在这条河 里游泳。This sign warns us not to swim in this river.2）warn sb of sth. 警告某人某事有些公共标志是用来警告人们有危险。Some public signs are used to warn people of danger in public.4. No parking. / No littering / No photos / No smoking 5. take a photo of it  给它拍张照给我拍张照  take a photo of me    /   拍很多名胜的照片take many photos of places of interest 6. 1)  keep sb. safe from danger 2)  keep sb./sth. adj.                         keep the room clean3)  keep (on) doing sth. 一直做某事           keep (on) trying 4)  keep sb. doing sth.  让某人一直做某事     keep us waiting  5)  keep sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事    keep them from going Speak up and study skills: 1. practice  (名词 / 动词)  练习；训练；实践   practice doing sth.  /  need a lot of practice practise   (动词)   练习；训练；实践   practise doing sth. 2. some times       几次   /   some time  一段时间，一会儿/ 某时sometimes   有时，不时  /  sometime某时 = some time 3. 这幅毕加索的著名油画。this famous painting ( by Picasso. )4. 看这个标识。说“禁止拍照”。 Look at the sign. It says “No photos”.5. When one bad thing happens to you, other bad things happen soon after.1) Sth. happen to sb.   事发生在某人身上在那个时候任何事都有可能发生。Anything could happen to her at that moment. 2) Sb. happen to do sth.     某人碰巧做某事我今天碰巧在学校遇到了玛丽, 我就把书给了她.I happened to meet Mary in school then I gave her the book 6. It will make a job easier to complete.1) make sb./sth. + adj.    使某人/某物…   使房间干净整洁 make the room clean and tidy2) make sb. do sth.          使某人做某事这个老板使他的员工工作了12小时。The boss made his workers work for 12 hours.7. What other people have always seems better...1）seem + adj.                    这个女孩似乎很聪明。 The girl seems very clever. 2）seem to do sth.  似乎做某事    她似乎是个好女孩。She seems to be a good girl.3）It seems that +从句   似乎他已通过了考试。 It seems that he has passed the exam. 8. risk losing everything all at one time.1) risk doing sth.   冒险做某事冒险去航海  risk sailing the sea  冒着失去所有亲朋好友的危险 risk losing all the relatives and friends2) risk one’s own life.   冒着生命危险9. at one time.     一次 （句末）不要偷懒，要一次性把事情都做完。Don’t be lazy. You should finish all the things at one time.10. Make his dream come true after years of hard work 11. keep practicing speaking English 12. 1) the early bird catches the worm 早起的鸟儿有虫吃。2). t never rains but it pours 不雨则已，一雨倾盆 / 祸不单行3) many hands make light work 人多活轻/ 众人拾柴火焰高。4) every dog has its day 人人皆有得意时     5). put all your eggs in one basket 孤注一掷6) the grass is always greener on the other side 邻家芳草绿/风景在别处7)actions speak louder than words行动胜过言语8) no pain, no gain一份耕耘，一份收获   9). a friend in need is a friend indeed患难见真情10). practice makes perfect熟能生巧  11). burn the candle at both ends蜡烛两头烧/ 过度劳累Task:1. The purpose of the talk is to teach students rules for eating. 1) the purpose of sth.      你来访的目的是什么？ What is the purpose of your visit? 2) the purpose of doing sth. 他知道我写这本书的目的。 He knew my purpose of writing this book. 3) The purpose of …is to do sth. 我来这里的目的就是要告诉你这个消息。The purpose of my coming is to tell you the news.本次比赛的目的是选出更优秀的选手。 The purpose of this match is to choose better players.举办这次演讲的目的是教学生学习好的礼仪。The purpose of having the talk is to teach the students to learn about good manners.2. It will take place at 10 a.m. on 12 May at the school hall. 1) take place 举行，发生 (有计划性)  下周日将举行音乐会(the concert)。The concert will take place next Sunday.在过去的五年里，我的家乡发生的很大的变化。Great changes have taken place in my hometown in the past five years.  2）happen   (偶然的发生) 昨天公园前面发生的一起事故。 An accident happened in front of the park yesterday. 3. These rules are important because we should make sure that both guests and hosts are comfortable at the table.1) make sure of + 名词在你给老师看之前，请再确认一下你 的答案。Please make sure of your answer before you show it to the teacher.2）make sure to do sth.     Li Lei, make sure to bring your homework here tomorrow. 3) make sure + that从句你离开教室时务必把灯关了。Make sure that you turn off the lights when you leave the classroom.4. reach over one’s plate for sth. 越过盘子去够某物eat with your mouth open张着嘴巴吃饭talk with food in your mouth嘴里含着食物说话before / after / while / when doing sth. 做某事之前/ 之后/ 之时