2023届高考英语二轮复习定语从句课件3

这是一份2023届高考英语二轮复习定语从句课件3，共48页。PPT课件主要包含了重点提醒，关系词的用法，as ， as的用法，定语从句，that，结果状语从句，which，where，whose 等内容，欢迎下载使用。
Attributive Clause 定语从句
Enjy the music vide“Lemn Tree”.I wnder hw I wnder whyYesterday yu tld me 'but the blue blue skyand all _______ I can see                                  and all _______ I can seeand all _______I can see                        Is just a yellw lemn tree  （答案：that, that, that）
一、基本概念：1.定语： 用来修饰名词和代词的叫作定语。一般定语是形容词和介词短语。Eg: a beautiful girl (形容词作定语) a girl in white (介词短语作后置定语)
2.定语从句： 用作定语的从句叫做定语从句，用来修饰一个名词或代词。3.定语从句三要素： 先行词：被修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词。关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。定语从句：一般紧跟在先行词之后的从句。
历年高考题对定语从句的考察主要是如何选择关系词。“三步走”原则： 1.认识引导词。这是做题的关键。 2.找准先行词。判断它到底指代什么。 3.确定还缺什么。主要分析定语从句中所缺成分。
1、引导定语从句；2、代替先行词；3、在定语从句中充当成分。
Eg1: The man wh lives next t us is a teacher. 先行词 关系词 定语从句，放于先行词之后主句：The man is a teacher.Eg2: The bk that yu want is n the desk. 先行词 关系词主句：The bk is n the desk.
关系词
1、关系代词2、关系副词:
1）指人： that, wh, whm, whse2）指物： that, which, whse
when, where, why
引导定语从句是用关系副词还是关系代词，要看关系词在从句中充当的成份。若充当状语，则用关系副词；若充当主语或宾语，则用关系代词。
（一）关系代词的用法：
1、指人： wh whm that whseExamples: She is the girl _________ sells flwers.Here is the man___________ yu are lking fr.I have a friend ______ father is a dctr.
whm/wh/that
that which whseExamples: Ftball is a game _________ is liked by mst bys.This is the pen _________ I bught yesterday.I like the bk _______ cver is red.= I like the bk _______ the cver is red.= I like the bk, _______________ is red.
主语/（宾语 ）that/which做宾语可省略
定语（相当于f which）
the cver f which
注：关系代词只能用that的几种情况
1、先行词既有人又有物；Eg: He talked abut the teachers and schls that he had visited.2、先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级时；Eg: Yu are the first persn that I want t see.3、先行词被the nly, the next, the last, the very, any, little, n等修饰时；Eg: This is the very pen that I am lking fr.4、先行词是all, nne, smething, anything, nthing等不定代词时；Eg: Is there anything that yu want in the shp?5、主句是以wh/which开头的特殊疑问句时。Eg: Wh is the girl that is singing in the rm?
The earth is rund, __ we all knw.___ is knwn t all, the earth is rund.__ is knwn t all that the earth is rund.
定语从句在句首时只能用as, as 具有正如之意，与之搭配的动词一般是固定的。
This is the same bk as I lst. 这本书和我丢的那本一模一样。This is the same bk that I lst.这本书就是我丢的那本。
This is such an interesting bk __ we all like.This is s interesting a bk __ we all like.这是大家都喜欢的如此有趣的一本书。
This is such an interesting bk ____ we all like it.This is s interesting a bk ____we all like it.
这本书如此有趣, 大家都喜欢。
1. It is very useful t master a freign language, _____ has been said befre.
2. __ everyne hped, Mary has wn the first prize.
as引导定语从句可放在句首, 句中, 句末, 而which 引导定语从句不能放在句首。as译为正如, 好像。which 则没有此义。
where there were lts f new ideaswhich Mencius gave. whse ideas were very influential wh lived an unusual life. when there was a lt f war.
1. Cnfucius lived in a century2. Ancient China was a cuntry3. Sme rulers fllwed the advice4. Philsphers were peple5. Mzi was a man
Match the tw parts f the sentences.
Cmplete each sentence with ne f these wrds.
1. Mencius wrte a bk ______ many peple have read. 2. Mencius came frm a part f the wrld _____ change was happening fast.
wh which when where whse
3. This was a perid ____ many peple became interested in Cnfucius’s teachings.4. Mzi was a man _____ behavir was ften unusual. 5. Mzi was a teacher _____ principles were different frm thse f Cnfucius.
6. It was a time ____ philsphers culd have psitins in gvernments. 7. He came frm an area _____ peple were very pr.
（二）关系副词的用法：
when, where, why1、when, 在从句中作时间状语，先行词是表时间的n.。Eg: I’ll never frget the day ____________ I jined the army.2、where, 在从句中作地点状语，先行词是表地点的n.。Eg: Tianjin is the place ____________ I was brn.3、why, 在从句中作原因状语，先行词是reasn.Eg: D yu knw the reasn ___________ he was late?
口语中可用that代替
when/n which
where/in which
why/fr which
先行词是表时间、地点、原因的名词，引 导定语从句是用关系副词还是关系代词， 要看关系词在从句中充当的成份。若充当 状语，则用关系副词；若充当主语或宾语， 则用关系代词。
Eg: 1. I will never frget the days ______________ we wrked tgether. 2. I will never frget the days _________ we spent tgether.
when/in which
（which/that）
Eg: 3. This is the factry ______________ my father wrked last year. 4. This is the factry _________ we visited yesterday.
Eg: 5.This is the reasn ______________ he was late. 6.This is the reasn _________ he gave t me.
Eg: 7. The reasn ______________ I was late _________ I met an ld friend. 8. The reasn _________ I explained at the meeting is reasnable.
（三）“介词+关系代词”用法：
1.介词的位置： 观察下列例句总结：Eg: I’m talking t the man. The man is my teacher. （合二为一, the man作主语） The man wh/whm/that I am talking t is my teacher. The man t whm I am talking is my teacher.总结：一般情况下，介词可前可后。
介词+关系代词的情况 1
The man whm yu spke was a scientist.The city which she lives is far away.
总结：可见,介词可前可后。
介词+关系代词的情况 2
The man wh/whm yu spke was a singer.The city that/which she lives is far away.
Are these tw sentences right?
介词+关系代词的情况 3
The man wh/whm yu spke was a scientist.The city that/which she lives is far away.
介词+关系代词的情况 3
总结：可见,wh、that 不能用与介词之后
介词+关系代词的情况 4
Is this the watch that yu are lking fr?The ld man whm I am lking after is better .
总结：在固定短语中介词不能提前
下面两句中的介词能提前吗?
介词+关系代词的情况 练习
1.  D yu like the bk __________ she spent $10? 2.  D yu like the bk___________ she paid $10?3.  D yu like the bk___________ she learned a lt? 4.  D yu like the bk __________ she ften talks?
5.  He built a telescpe ____________ he culd study the skies.6. There is a tall tree utside, ________ stands ur teacher.7.  China has a lt f rivers, the secnd lngest __________is the Yellw River.
thrugh which
under which
8. The twer _______ peple can have a gd view is n the hill.9. The man ________ I spke n the phne last night is very gd at wrestling.10. He paid the by $10 fr washing ten windws, mst ______ hadn’t been cleaned fr at least a year.
当先行词是the way(表方式)时，关系词要用that=in which, 且可以省略。Eg: I dn’t like the way ____________ yu speak.
(that/ in which)
理解：Yu speak in the way. (the way 在句中作方式状语)
Exercises:
1、I dn’t like the way _____ he talked t me. A. as B. that C. which D. by which2、She talked abut the bks and writers _____ she remembered. A. that B. wh C. which D. whm3、He still lives in the rm ____ windw faces t the east. A. which B. whse C. where D. f which 4、Is this the huse _____ Shakespeare was brn? A. at where B. which C. in which D. at which
5、That is the ffice ___ Lincln nce wrked in. A. where B. which C. what D. in which6、D yu knw the reasn _____ he was late? A. fr which B. fr whatC. which D. that7、That’s all ____ I want t tell yu. A. they B. which C. / D. that 8、I can never frget the day _____ we wrked tgether and the day _____ we spent tgether. A. when; which B. which; when C. what; that D. n which; when 9、The way _____ he lks at prblems is wrng. A. which B. whse C. what D./
10、This is the last time _____ I shall give yu a lessn. A. when B. that C. which D. what 11、The reasn is _____ I missed the bus. A. that B. when C. why D. what 12、He is the nly ne f the three ____ gt the new idea. A. wh have　 　B. whm have C. wh has　 　 D. whse had
13、I, ___yur gd friend, will try my best t help yu ut. A. wh is   B. wh am   C. that is   D. which am14、She is ne f the few girls wh___ passed the examinatin. A. was B. were C. has D. have
He is the nly ne in his class wh ___ (have) gt the teacher’s praise. He is ne f the students in his class wh ____ (have) gt the teacher’s praise.
5. 定语从句中的谓语动词
关系词在定语从句中做主语时，谓语动词的数取决于先行词。
1. We’re in the regin. Printing was first invented in this regin. We’re in the regin in which printing was first invented.
Cnnect these sentences using the given phrases.
f which at which t whm f whm in which
2. It is an inventin. He is very prud f this inventin. It is an inventin f which he is very prud.3. He is a man. I am afraid f this man because he has invented smething dangerus. He is a man f whm I'm afraid because he has invented smething dangerus.
4. The machine is very ld. Yu are lking at that machine. The machine at which yu're lking is very ld. 5. Is that the inventr? Yu were talking t him. Is that the inventr t whm yu were talking?