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2023重庆北碚区高二上学期期末英语试题含解析
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这是一份2023重庆北碚区高二上学期期末英语试题含解析，文件包含重庆市北碚区2022-2023学年高二上学期期末英语试题含解析docx、重庆市北碚区2022-2023学年高二上学期期末英语试题无答案docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共36页， 欢迎下载使用。
2022-2023学年(上)期末学生学业质量调研抽测
高二英语试题
(考试时间为120分钟,满分为150分)
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分听力(共两节，满分 30 分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共 5 小题;每小题 1.5 分， 满分 7.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅 读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What are the speakers doing?
A. Climbing up a hill. B. Having a rest. C. Waiting for someone.
2. What does the man do most weekends?
A. He goes shopping. B. He watches matches. C. He visits museums.
3. Why isn’t the woman going to marry Jim?
A. He is unwilling to marry her.
B. She doesn’t love him any more.
C. Her parents are against their marriage.
4. Where is the train station?
A. On Market Road. B. On First Street. C. On Church Street.
5. What does the woman mean?
A. Miss Green opens a dancing hall.
B. Miss Green is much quieter.
C. Miss Green is noisy.
第二节(共 15 小题;每小题 1.5 分， 满分 22.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选 项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟; 听完后，各小题给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第 6 段材料，回答第 6 至 7 题。
6. Where does this conversation take place?
A. In a post office. B. In a bookstore. C. At an airport.
7. How much should the man pay in total?
A. $10. B. $11. C. $13.
听第 7 段材料，回答第 8 至 10 题。
8. What relation is Jack to the woman?
A. Her colleague. B. Her neighbor. C. Her husband.
9. What do we know about Jack?
A. He cannot cook at all. B. He does lots of housework. C. He works far from home.
10. What does the woman help do at home?
A. She does some cooking. B. She does some washing. C. She does some cleaning.
听第 8 段材料，回答第 11 至 13 题。
11. What is the man doing?
A. Checking in. B. Booking rooms. C. Asking about the hotel.
12. Why does the man come to New York?
A. To have a meeting. B. To visit museums. C. To enjoy himself at the seaside.
13. What does the man like best?
A. Japanese food. B. Italian food. C. American food.
听第 9 段材料，回答第 14 至 16 题。
14. How did the man learn ofthis clothes shop?
A. He saw an ad of it in the paper. B. He was told by a shopkeeper. C. He found it by good luck.
15. What is special about this clothes shop?
A. It is well known in the area. B. It has clothes for heavy people. C. It offers the lowest price.
16. What will the man probably do next?
A. Walk up to the second floor. B. Pay for his clothes. C. Go to another shop.
听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。
17. How often is the quiz show for children broadcast?
A. Daily. B. Weekly. C. Monthly.
18. What are the questions about?
A. Science. B. Sports. C. Entertainment.
19. What will the winners get next week?
A. A camera. B. A computer. C. A mobile phone.
20. What should children do to join the show?
A. Provide their personal information.
B. Send a recent photo of them.
C. Fill in an application form.
第二部分阅读(共两节, 满分 50 分)
第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 2.5 分， 满分 37.5 分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Sunflower season is right around the corner. Here are several most beautiful golden fields near London for you to explore.
Garsons Farm
At Garsons Farm you will find three separate sunflower fields across its 155 acres. You’ll need to buy a crop farm pass (￡4 for adults ,￡ 1 for kids ) in advance. This farm is also home to over 75 varieties of fruits, vegetables and plants that can be picked during your visit, but be sure to check crop availability on its website beforehand.
Hitchin Lavender Farm
This spot is most famous for its purple crops of lavender(熏衣草), but it is also home to dozens of sunflower! You will be charged￡ 6 for your entry to the farm. And for￡ 50 you can hire a personal photographer and have your very own photos with the plants.
Cotswold Farm Park
Cotswold Farm Park was founded to help protect rare species of farm animals in 1971. You will not only find flowering sunflowers but plenty of furry four-legged friends, too. The park also contains several photo stations throughout the field. Tickets must be booked in advance and cost ￡ 7 per adult.
Broomfield Farm
This fruit farm is open every Saturday and Sunday for those who want to see sunflowers on their weekends! It produces all kinds of fruits, vegetables and flowers that you can buy in their farm shop or pick yourself during your visit. You are allowed to bring a picnic with you and the￡4 entry is taken off your “pay and weigh” bill at the end.
1. What’s the entry fee for a couple and two kids if they go to Garsons Farm?
A. ￡4 B. ￡ 6. C. ￡ 7. D. ￡ 10
2. Where can you see rare farm animals?
A. At Garsons Farm. B. At Broomfield Farm.
C. At Cotswold Farm Park. D. At Hitchin Lavender Farm
3. Who is the text mainly intended for?
A. Sunflower lovers. B. Holiday campers.
C. Field researchers. D. Nature photographers.
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍有几个伦敦附近可以看到向日葵的美丽金色田野。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Garsons Farm中的“You’ll need to buy a crop farm pass (￡4 for adults ,￡ 1 for kids ) in advance.(你需要提前购买一张农场通行证（成人4英镑，儿童1英镑）。)”可知，一对夫妇和两个孩子去加森农场的入场费是4*2+2*1=10英镑。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Cotswold Farm Park中的“Cotswold Farm Park was founded to help protect rare species of farm animals in 1971.(科茨沃尔德农场公园成立于1971年，旨在帮助保护珍稀农场动物物种。)”可知，在科茨沃尔德农场公园可以看到稀有的农场动物。故选C。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Sunflower season is right around the corner. Here are several most beautiful golden fields near London for you to explore.(向日葵的季节马上就要到了。这里有几个伦敦附近最美丽的金色田野，等你去探索。)”及下文可知，文章主要介绍有几个伦敦附近可以看到向日葵的美丽金色田野。所以这篇文章主要是给向日葵爱好者看的。故选A。
B
Logan Ober, a senior at Rancho Cotate High School in Rohnert Park, California, was given an open-ended final project last year from his computer science teacher Kristi McWilliams. One day Logan pointed to a drawer in McWilliams’ class, filled with broken laptops —all considered garbage, and asked if he could try fixing one of those. Of course she agreed. What McWilliams didn’t expect was that the 17- year - old came back a couple days later with three completely repaired, working computers. “Amazing,” McWilliams said, “I think he knows more about hardware than I do.”
Although Logan looks like the typical teenager, he is a computer talent with a desire to give. Since that project, Logan estimates he’s fixed and donated about $30,000 worth of computers, including MacBooks and PCs. He said he does it because he enjoys it and it reduces e-waste.
E-waste, abandoned(废弃的) electrical or electronic devices, is a growing problem across the world. It has bad effects on people and the environment. Giving away the computers to someone in need prevents them from harming the environment, Logan said. Plus he gets to brighten someone else’s day. A computer can open up more possibilities for children and teenagers, he said. MacBooks can cost upward of $1,000 and are unaffordable for many students.
Logan does all the repairs on the carpet of his bedroom floor — the mess drives his parents crazy, but they’re supportive. Logan’s dad, Kristopher Ober, said you can find monitors, laptops, tools and parts lying across his son’s room. “I’m really proud of him,” his dad said. “He’s looking to give back to the society. I just think it’s wonderful for someone young like him to do that.”
4. How did McWilliam feel when Logan repaired the broken laptops successfully?
A. Regretful. B. Surprised.
C. Doubtful. D. Annoyed
5. What problem does e-waste cause according to the passage?
A. Taking up too much space.
B Costing large amounts of money.
C. Driving human beings crazy.
D. Doing harm to health and surroundings.
6. What is the distinguishing feature of Logan?
A. Humor. B. Strong character.
C. Independence. D. Heavy responsibility.
7 What message does the author seem to stress in the passage?
A. Computers can brighten teenagers’ future.
B. Teenagers ought to give back to the society.
C. Joining an open-ended project is a must for teenagers.
D. Parents’ support is very important in teenagers’ achievement.
【答案】4. B 5. D 6. D 7. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一个17岁的高中生通过修理电脑来处理电子垃圾以及帮助别人。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“What McWilliams didn’t expect was that the 17- year - old came back a couple days later with three completely repaired, working computers. “Amazing,” McWilliams said, “I think he knows more about hardware than I do.”(Mc William没有想到的是，这位17岁的少年几天后带着三台完全修好的电脑回来了。“太棒了，” Mc William说，“我觉得他比我更懂硬件。”)”可推断，当Logan成功修理坏掉的笔记本电脑时，Mc William是非常惊讶的。故选B。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“E-waste, abandoned(废弃的) electrical or electronic devices, is a growing problem across the world. It has bad effects on people and the environment. (电子垃圾，即废弃的电气或电子设备，在世界各地都是一个日益严重的问题。它对人类和环境都有不良影响。)”可知，电子垃圾会危害健康和环境。故选D。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Although Logan looks like the typical teenager, he is a computer talent with a desire to give.(虽然Logan看起来像个普通的青少年，但他却是个乐于奉献的计算机天才。)”、第三段“Giving away the computers to someone in need prevents them from harming the environment, Logan said. Plus he gets to brighten someone else’s day. A computer can open up more possibilities for children and teenagers, he said. (Logan说，把电脑送给有需要的人可以防止它们危害环境。而且他还能点亮别人的一天。他说，电脑可以为儿童和青少年提供更多的可能性。)”和最后一段“He’s looking to give back to the society.(他希望回馈社会。)”可推断，Logan有强烈的责任感。故选D。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“I’m really proud of him,” his dad said. “He’s looking to give back to the society. I just think it’s wonderful for someone young like him to do that.”(“我真为他感到骄傲，”他爸爸说。“他希望回馈社会。我只是觉得像他这样的年轻人能做到这一点太棒了。”)”可推断，父母的支持对青少年的成就很重要。故选D。
C
Smart devices have become an everyday part of our lives. A smart refrigerator can go above and beyond simply keeping our food cool.
A smart refrigerator is any refrigerator that’s equipped with a Wi-Fi connection. It can share information about itself, be a real-time camera that lets users see what’s inside while at the supermarket, or act as a digital command center for the home. Some other things smart fridges are able to do include raising or lowering the temperature at the sound of your voice or with your phone, or helping you track the contents of your fridge so you don’t run into a milk shortage emergency.
Smart fridges can be particularly good at keeping food cool. It’s easier to adjust the temperature if it is higher than it should be because the door is left slightly open. This can make a difference in your energy bills and the quality and lifespan(寿命) of your food.
Many of the smart fridge’s features can also save you time when you’re rushing to get ready in the morning. The people who will benefit most from a smart fridge are probably those who have children who might be using the fridge while parents are at work. It’s another way you can keep an eye on what’s going on at home when you’re not there. However, prices do tend to run higher than traditional fridges.
If you already have a food organizational system that’s working very well for you, and you are cool with the way your fridge is handling your food, then a smart fridge may not be worth it. However, if the smart fridge’s features mentioned above sound like they would make your life easier, then one could be worth the extra money.
8. What can a smart refrigerator do?
A. Order food.
B. Record the contents inside.
C. Deal with emergency.
D. Share information with supermarkets.
9. Which of the following best describes the smart refrigerator?
A. Energy-saving but expensive.
B. Child-friendly but noisy.
C. Time-saving but unsafe.
D. Convenient but power-consuming.
10. What does the author suggest in the last paragraph?
A. Accepting a smart fridge passively.
B. Highly recommending us to own a smart fridge.
C. Thinking reasonably about having a smart fridge.
D. Firmly rejecting the idea of buying a smart fridge.
11. Where does the text most probably come from?
A. A poster. B. A magazine.
C. A novel. D. A guide book.
【答案】8. B 9. A 10. C 11. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍一款新型的智能冰箱。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“It can share information about itself, be a real-time camera that lets users see what’s inside while at the supermarket, or act as a digital command center for the home.(它可以共享自己的信息，成为一个实时摄像头，让用户在超市里看到里面的东西，或者充当家庭的数字指挥中心。)”可知，智能冰箱能记录冰箱里的内容。故选B。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“This can make a difference in your energy bills(这会让你的能源账单有所不同)”可推断，智能冰箱是节能的。再根据第四段“However, prices do tend to run higher than traditional fridges. (然而，价格确实往往高于传统冰箱。)”可推断，智能冰箱的价格是昂贵的。故选A。
10题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“If you already have a food organizational system that’s working very well for you, and you are cool with the way your fridge is handling your food, then a smart fridge may not be worth it. However, if the smart fridge’s features mentioned above sound like they would make your life easier, then one could be worth the extra money. (如果你已经有了一个非常适合你的食物组织系统，而且你对冰箱处理食物的方式很满意，那么智能冰箱可能不值得。然而，如果上面提到的智能冰箱的功能听起来会让你的生活更轻松，那么它可能值得你花额外的钱。)”可推断，作者建议合理地考虑拥有一个智能冰箱。故选C。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Smart devices have become an everyday part of our lives. A smart refrigerator can go above and beyond simply keeping our food cool. (智能设备已经成为我们日常生活的一部分。智能冰箱不仅可以让我们的食物保持凉爽。)”可知，文中不仅介绍了智能冰箱的功能，还分析了利弊，所以最有可能来自于一本杂志中。故选B。
D
Sleeping with a dim(昏暗) light like a television or nightlight is enough to the raise blood sugar and heart rates of healthy people, according to a new study. Light helps our body maintain an internal clock, but artificial light at night can disturb the rest and repair that should happen during the sleep. New research suggests that even when our eyes are closed, a small amount of light can disrupt the way our bodies normally keep our blood sugar within a healthy range.
In the study published in Sciences on Monday, scientists asked 20 participants aged 19 to 36 to spend two nights in their lab. On the first night of sleep, the volunteers slept in a very dark room. For their second night of sleep, half of the group slept with streetlights through a window, and half spent their second night in a dark room.
During the trial, all participants were connected to devices that measured different markers of their sleep quality. They were each connected via a special tube, allowing researchers to collect samples without waking the individual. Researchers also recorded participants’ heart rates and brain waves.
When the volunteers awoke in the morning, the team tested their blood sugar and found that participants that slept in rooms with a dim light spent less time in deep sleep. In addition to having slightly worse blood sugar control, the group exposed to dim light had a higher heart rate on average. By comparison, those that spend two nights in the dark room had little difference in their blood sugar control. “They thought they slept well, but your brain knows that the lights are on,” says Zee, “you should clearly pay attention to the light in your bedroom. If you can’t give up your night light, keep it dim and at floor level.”
Earlier work has linked exposure to light during sleep to an increased risk of obesity (肥胖) in women. Zee recommends, “Make sure that you start dimming your lights at least an hour or two before you go to bed to prepare your environment for sleep.”
12. What does the underlined word “disrupt” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?
A. Bother. B. Keep.
C. Disagree. D. Follow.
13. How did the researchers draw a conclusion from the study?
A. By comparing earlier work.
B. By asking and answering questions.
C. By conducting experiments.
D. By analyzing the data from scientific texts.
14. What did the study find if the participants slept in dark rooms?
A. Their heart rate would raise higher.
B. Their blood sugar control wouldn’t change.
C. They would have worse blood sugar control.
D. They would actually sleep more than average.
15. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
A. Sleep Well, Eat Well, Good Health
B. The Darker, the Lower Blood Sugar
C. Sleeping With a Dim Light contributes to health
D. Sleeping With a Dim Light Can Raise Health Problems
【答案】12. A 13. C 14. B 15. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是篇说明文。文章主要讲述了睡觉时昏暗的灯光对人体的健康会产生一定的危害。
【12题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第一段的“but artificial light at night can disturb the rest and repair that should happen during the sleep. ”（但夜间的人造光会干扰睡眠时的休息和修复。）可知，睡觉时的灯光会干扰人在睡眠时的休息和自我修复；结合划线词所在句“New research suggests that even when our eyes are closed, a small amount of light can disrupt the way our bodies normally keep our blood sugar within a healthy range.”（新的研究表明，即使我们闭上眼睛，少量的光线也会扰乱我们身体将血糖保持在健康范围内的正常方式。）可知，“disrupt”应该与前文的“disturb”（干扰）同义，也与选项A中的“bother”同义。故选A。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“In the study published in Sciences on Monday, scientists asked 20 participants aged 19 to 36 to spend two nights in their lab.”（在周一发表在《科学》杂志上的这项研究中，科学家要求20名年龄在19到36岁之间的参与者在实验室里度过两晚。）并结合三四段内容可知，研究者们是通过对20名参加者进行具体的实验而得出了最终结论。故选C。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“those that spend two nights in the dark room had little difference in their blood sugar control.”（那些在黑暗的房间里呆了两晚的人在血糖控制方面几乎没有差别。）可知，在黑暗的房间里睡觉的参加者的血糖控制不会发生变化。故选B。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Sleeping with a dim(昏暗的) light like a television or nightlight is enough to the raise blood sugar and heart rates of healthy people, according to a new study.”（一项新的研究表明，在电视机或夜灯等昏暗的灯光下睡觉足以增加健康人的血糖和心率。）并结合全文内容可知，本文主要讲述了在昏暗的灯光下睡觉会引发健康问题。故选D。
第二节(共 5 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项.
Do you suffer from low energy? Is it difficult to get out of bed in the morning? Do your head and stomach ache? If so, you could be experiencing job burnout. ____16____ —77% of workers surveyed by Deloitte said they had experienced burnout. And 90% of those said that stress had negatively impacted their work.
Burnout is dangerous. It can lead to mental and physical tiredness, a loss of identity, and feeling a lack of achievement, they harm the body over time. Do you want to get out of this state? ____17____
One way you can help relieve burnout is by practicing communication. Be clear about what you’re feeling, and if you are being overworked, discuss it with your managers or coworkers. ____18____ Taking time off is also a good idea.
While self-care is a tendency these days, it will not cure burnout. ____19____ Their support and cooperation can make you feel better. Another alternative is taking part in regular physical activities to get your mind off work.
____20____ A study cited by The New York Times found that doctors who made time for entertainments were less likely to experience burnout than those who didn’t. A few ideas for relaxing activities can be yoga, meditation (冥想), or mindfulness.
A. Finally, make time to do things you love.
B. As a matter of fact, you are not alone.
C. Lastly, be sure to reflect as often as you can.
D. Burnout can also develop along with anxiety.
E. Read on to discover how to deal with it effectively.
F. Provide them with ideas that would help lighten burnout in the office.
G. What can help address the problem is to see a doctor or meet with friends.
【答案】16. B 17. E 18. F 19. G 20. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了职业倦怠的危害，同时也介绍了缓解职业倦怠的方法，如进行沟通、体育锻炼、瑜伽以及冥想等。
【16题详解】
根据后文“77% of workers surveyed by Deloitte said they had experienced burnout. And 90% of those said that stress had negatively impacted their work.(德勤(Deloitte)调查的员工中，77%的人说他们曾经历过倦怠。其中90%的人表示，压力对他们的工作产生了负面影响)”可知，职业倦怠的现象并非个例，很多人都出现了这样的情况。B项“As a matter of fact, you aren’t alone. (事实上，你并不孤单)”该项提到出现职业倦怠的情况并不是个例，起到承上启下的作用，符合文意。故选B。
【17题详解】
前文提到“Do you want to get out of this state? (你想摆脱这样的情况吗？)”以及后文中“One way you can help relieve burnout is by practicing communication. (缓解倦怠的一个方法就是练习沟通)”，同时后文中还提到了如运动、瑜伽、冥想等帮助缓解职业倦怠的方法。由此判断，该段需衔接后文中提到的缓解职业倦怠的方法。E项“Read on to discover how to deal with it effectively. (继续往下读，看看如何有效地应对它)”该项引出后文中缓解职业倦怠的方法，起到承上启下的作用，符合文意。故选E。
【18题详解】
根据前文“Be clear about what you’re feeling, and if you are being overworked, discuss it with your supervisor or coworkers. (清楚你的感受，如果你工作过度，和你的上司或同事讨论一下)”可知，职业倦怠经常发生在办公室内。F项“Provide them with ideas that would help lighten burnout in the office. (为他们提供一些可以帮助减轻工作倦怠的想法)”符合语境，该项中“in the office(在办公室)”呼应上文的提到“supervisor(上司)”和“coworkers(同事)”，该项讲述缓解办公室内产生的职业倦怠的方式。故选F。
【19题详解】
根据前文“While self-care is trending these days, it will not cure burnout. (虽然自我护理是当今的趋势，但它并不能治愈倦怠)”以及后文中“Their support and cooperation can make you feel better. (他们的支持和合作会让你感觉更好)”可知，职业倦怠并不能通过自己护理得到治愈，而需要通过其他方面的帮助来恢复。G项“What can help address the problem is to see a doctor or meet with friends. (看医生或见朋友可以帮助解决这个问题)”该项提到可以通过寻求医生和朋友的被帮助来解决职业倦怠的问题。承上启下，符合文意。故选G。
【20题详解】
根据后文“A study cited by The New York Times found that surgeons who made time for recreational activities were less likely to experience burnout than those who didn’t. A few ideas for relaxing activities can be yoga, meditation, or mindfulness. (《纽约时报》援引的一项研究发现，花时间进行娱乐活动的外科医生比那些不这样做的人更不容易感到疲劳。一些放松的活动可以是瑜伽、冥想或正念)”可知，该段讲述了其他一些可以缓解职业倦怠的方法。A项“Finally, make time to do things you love. (最后，腾出时间做你喜欢的事情)”符合语境，说明抽时间做喜欢的缓解压力的活动，引出下文的方法的介绍。故选A。
第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分 30 分)
第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 1 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Society has certain standards for beauty. But the Romanian camerawoman Mihaela Noroc is ____21____ these standards. She spent nearly four years shooting ____22____ of women around the world.
She believes that beauty can ____23____ many forms. “Beauty just means being ____24____,” Noroc told NPR, “I don’t think we have to ____25____ ourselves to be in certain way; we just have to keep ourselves as we are and don’t necessarily need to change .” ____26____ by a trip to Africa in 2013, Noroc has traveled to more than 50 countries since then.
In 2017, she published a book to show how many different kinds of ____27____ there are in the world. From a ____28____ Russian dancer to a joyful cafe owner in New York, Noroc’s subjects ____29____ her in deep conversation. Noroc found out what _____30_____ them, what their daily struggles and joys are, and what brings beauty into their own lives. “Wherever I go, it is the _____31_____ that carry all the cultures and traditions of a place. I really try to focus on women’s stories, how they face challenges and _____32_____ them,” Noroc told CNN.
In Iran, Noroc met Farnoush, a woman living in two worlds. “In one she is an economist, by _____33_____ . In the other, she is an artist, because this is her _____34_____.” In Noroc’s world, the beauty of women _____35_____ how natural and comfortable they appear while just being themselves.
21. A. setting B. stressing C. challenging D. considering
22. A. targets B. needs C. pictures D. outlines
23. A. carry on B. take on C. live on D. work on
24. A. itself B. himself C. herself D. yourself
25. A. adapt B. clarify C. change D. acknowledge
26. A. Inspired B. Funded C. Persuaded D. Appointed
27. A. beauty B. courage C. pride D. joy
28. A. dying B. confusing C. disappointing D. struggling
29. A. devoted B. limited C. engaged D. supported
30. A. prevents B. moves C. separates D. keeps
31. A. men B. women C. supermen D. camerawomen
32. A. resist B. control C. overcome D. ignore
33. A. major B. reference C. education D. profession
34. A. passion B. ambition C. distraction D. mission
35. A. brings about B. shows off C. puts forward D. lies in
【答案】21. C 22. C 23. B 24. D 25. C 26. A 27. A 28. D 29. C 30. B 31. B 32. C 33. D 34. A 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了罗马尼亚摄影师Mihaela Noroc。她拍摄不同地方的女性，并出版了相册。她聚焦于女性，和不同地方的女性深入交流。她关注世界各地女性的生存状态，倡导女性成为自我，并致力于阐释女性美的多元性。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但罗马尼亚女摄影师Mihaela Noroc正在挑战这些标准。A. setting设定；B. stressing强调；C. challenging挑战；D. considering考虑到。根据“Society has certain standards for beauty.”和“She believes that beauty can ____3____ many forms.”可知，Mihaela Noroc正在挑战美的标准。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她花了近四年时间拍摄世界各地的女性照片。A. targets目标；B. needs需求；C. pictures图片；照片；D. outlines大纲、轮廓。根据“But the Romanian camerawoman Mihaela Noroc is ____1____ these standards.”可知，Mihaela Noroc是一名摄影师，所以是拍摄了很多女性照片。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：她相信美可以有多种形式。A. carry on继续进行；B. take on呈现、雇佣；C. live on以……为生；D. work on致力于。根据“In 2017, she published a book to show how many different kinds of ____7____ there are in the world.”可知，Mihaela Noroc相信美具有很多呈现形式。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查代词词义辨析。句意：“美就是做你自己，”诺罗克在接受美国国家公共电台采访时表示，“我认为我们不必为了某种方式而改变自己；我们只需要保持我们自己，不一定需要改变。”A. itself它自己；B. himself他自己；C. herself她自己；D. yourself你自己。根据“I don’t think we have to ____5____ ourselves to be in certain way;”可知，Noroc认为我们就应该做自己，这样就是美的。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“美就是做你自己，”诺罗克在接受美国国家公共电台采访时表示，“我认为我们不必为了某种方式而改变自己；我们只需要保持我们自己，不一定需要改变。”A. adapt适应、改编；B. clarify阐明、澄清；C. change改变；D. acknowledge承认。根据“Beauty just means being ____4____,”可知，Noroc说我们不必改变自己。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：受2013年非洲之旅的启发，诺罗克从那时起已经去过50多个国家。A. Inspired激励、启发；B. Funded资助；C. Persuaded劝服；D. Appointed任命。根据“Noroc has traveled to more than 50 countries since then.”可知，Noroc在去过非洲时受到了启发，之后才又去了50多个国家和地区。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：2017年，她出版了一本书，展示了世界上有多少种不同的美。A. beauty美；B. courage勇气；C. pride自豪；D. joy开心。根据“She believes that beauty can ____3____ many forms.”可知，Noroc在书中展示了世界上不同的美。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意： 从一个努力的俄罗斯舞者到一个快乐的纽约咖啡馆老板，Noroc的主题让她进行了深入的对话。Noroc发现了是什么感动着他们，他们每天的挣扎和快乐是什么，是什么给他们的生活带来了美丽。A. dying垂死的；B. confusing令人费解的；C. disappointing使人失望的；D. struggling苦苦挣扎的；奋斗的。根据“what their daily struggles and joys are,”可知，Noroc拍摄一个奋斗的俄罗斯舞者。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：从一个努力的俄罗斯舞者到一个快乐的纽约咖啡馆老板，Noroc的主题让她进行了深入的对话。Noroc发现了是什么感动着他们，他们每天的挣扎和快乐是什么，是什么给他们的生活带来了美丽。A. devoted奉献、投入；B. limited限制；C. engaged忙于；D. supported支持。engage sb. in conversation 意为“和某人谈话”。根据“Noroc found out what ____10____ them, what their daily struggles and joys are, and what brings beauty into their own lives.”可知，Noroc和拍摄对象进行谈话。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Noroc发现了是什么感动着她们，她们每天的努力和快乐是什么，是什么给她们的生活带来了美丽。A. prevents防止；B. moves移动、使感动；C. separates隔离；D. keeps维持。根据“what their daily struggles and joys are, and what brings beauty into their own lives.”可知，Noroc通过拍摄和交谈，发现了是什么感动着她们。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“无论我走到哪里，女性都承载着一个地方的所有文化和传统。我真的试图关注女性的故事，她们如何面对挑战并克服它们，”诺罗克在接受CNN采访时表示。A. men男性；B. women女性；C. supermen超人；D. camerawomen女摄影师。根据“I really try to focus on women’s stories, how they face challenges and ____12____ them,”可知，Noroc聚焦女性故事，因为女性承载着一个地方的文化和传统。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“无论我走到哪里，女性都承载着一个地方的所有文化和传统。我真的试图关注女性的故事，她们如何面对挑战并克服它们，”诺罗克在接受CNN采访时表示。A. resist抵制；B. control控制；C. overcome克服；D. ignore忽视。根据“how they face challenges”可知，遇到挑战就必须克服挑战。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一方面，她的职业是经济学家。A. major专修；B. reference参考；C. education教育；D. profession职业。根据“In one she is an economist,”可知，这里介绍Noroc的职业。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：另一方面，她是一名艺术家，因为这是她的激情所在。A. passion热情；B. ambition野心；C. distraction分心；D. mission任务、使命。根据“In one she is an economist, by ____13____ . In the other, she is an artist,”可知，职业是生活需要，艺术就是自己热爱的东西，这是是Noroc的激情所在。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：在诺罗克的世界里，女性的美在于她们在做自己的同时表现得多么自然和舒适。 A. brings about带来；B. shows off炫耀；C. puts forward提出；D. lies in在于。根据“She believes that beauty can ____3____ many forms.”可知，Noroc认为美有多种存在形式，所以说的在做自己的同时表现得自然舒适就是美的一种存在形式。故选D。
第二节(共 10 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文， 在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The traditional Chinese solar calendar divides the whole year into 24 solar terms. “Cold Dew”, also____36____ (know) as “Han Lu” in Chinese, falls on October 8 or October 9 each year. Temperatures are much lower and the dew is ____37____ (great) at this time.
Here are three things you should know about Cold Dew. Firstly, ____38____ (eat) pomegranates(石 榴) and hawthorns(山楂) that are both ripe during Cold Dew is a tradition. Pomegranates ____39____ (treasure) for their health benefits while hawthorns are thought to improve blood flow. Besides, Chrysanthemum(菊花) is the ____40____ (symbol) flower of Cold Dew. ____41____ (prevent) autumn dryness, people in China have the custom of drinking chrysanthemum wine. This is also a tradition of the Double Ninth Festival, ____42____ often falls around Cold Dew. Finally, it is ____43____ great time for fishing. ____44____ the Cold Dew period, temperatures decrease quickly and sunshine doesn’t reach deep water entirely. So fish usually swim to the area where the water is not deep and the temperature is _____45_____ (relative) high. That is why people always say that fishing in shallow water areas in autumn makes sense.
【答案】36. known
37. greater
38. eating 39. are treasured
40. symbolic
41. To prevent
42. which 43. a
44. During 45. relatively
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国传统的阳历将一年分为24个节气。每年的10月8日或10月9日是“寒露”的日子。此时气温更低，露水更浓。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：每年的10月8日或10月9日是“寒露”的日子。短语be known as表示“被称为”，省略be动词，用过去分词作定语。故填known。
【37题详解】
考查比较级。句意：此时气温更低，露水更浓。根据上文Temperatures are much lower and the dew可知应用比较级。故填greater。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：首先，吃在寒露期间成熟的石榴和山楂是一种传统。作句子的主语应用动名词形式。故填eating。
【39题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：石榴因其健康益处而备受珍视，而山楂则被认为可以改善血液流动。主语与谓语构成被动关系，且陈述客观事实用一般现在时，主语为复数名词，谓语用复数。故填are treasured。
【40题详解】
考查形容词。句意：此外，菊花是寒露的象征花。修饰后文名词flower应用形容词symbolic，作定语。故填symbolic。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：为了防秋燥，中国人有喝菊花酒的习俗。此处作目的状语应用不定式，句首单词首字母要大写。故填To prevent。
【42题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：这也是重阳节的一个传统，通常在寒露来临之际。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词tradition，从句缺少主语，故用which引导。故填which。
【43题详解】
考查冠词。句意：最后，这是一个钓鱼的好时机。time此处表示时机为泛指，表示“一个时机”，且great是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。
【44题详解】
考查介词。句意：在寒露期间，温度迅速下降，阳光不能完全到达深水。表示“在……期间”应用介词during。句首单词首字母要大写。故填During。
【45题详解】
考查副词。句意：所以鱼通常会游到水不深、温度相对较高的地方。修饰形容词high应用副词relatively，故填relatively。
第四部分写作(共两节，满分 40 分)
第一节(满分 15 分)
46. 假定你是李华，你校英语杂志《人物》专栏正在举行主题为“The Hero in My Eyes”的征文活动。请你写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：
1.人物介绍（谁、事迹）；
2.成为你眼中英雄的理由；
3.该英雄人物对你的影响。
注意：1.写作词数应为 80；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】The Hero in My Eyes
During the pandemic that struck Chongqing this winter a large quantity of heroic figures emerge among people from all walks of life. Among them, my head master is the one that I admire most.
My head teacher is a middle-aged man. He is not strong, but he showed enormous strength during the pandemic. Since strict rules were issued during that period, my head teacher voluntarily stayed on campus to take care of those students who cannot go back home. Besides, he committed large amounts of time and energy every day to guarantee the efficiency of our online learning.
His courage and diligence motivate me to face all kinds of obstacles bravely in the future.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于说明文。假定你是李华，你校英语杂志《人物》专栏正在举行主题为 “The Hero in My Eyes” 的征文活动。请你写一篇短文投稿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
出现：emerge→appear
激励：motivate→stimulate
此外：besides→in addition
障碍：obstacle→barrier
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：During the pandemic that struck Chongqing this winter, a large quantity of heroic figures emerge among people from all walks of life. Among them, my head master is the one that I admire most.
拓展句：During the pandemic that struck Chongqing this winter, a large quantity of heroic figures emerge among people from all walks of life, among whom, my head master is the one that I admire most.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Since strict rules were issued during that period, my head teacher voluntarily stayed on campus to take care of those students who cannot go back home. (运用了who引导定语从句)
[高分句型2] Besides, he committed large amounts of time and energy every day to guarantee the efficiency of our online learning. (运用了不定式作目的状语)
第二节(满分 25 分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When school was over, the day was fading and it started to drizzle(毛毛雨). I stood at the school gate, with a loaded backpack on my shoulders. It was Friday again: a weekend of joy with unlimited sleeping hours and dinner courses specially made to my taste, a weekend at home. I waved goodbye to my friends as they jumped into their fathers’ warm and comfortable cars. Curiously, this gave rise to a disturbing feeling in me. It was not exactly what they called jealousy, but something like dismay(沮丧). I knew all I could expect was an old bike Mom would ride along on, with the badly-oiled chain creaking(嘎吱作响) against the wheel to announce her arrival.
Every Friday when Mom came to pick me up for the weekend, it was a moment full of great expectation and great unease. I always felt my face burning as we rode our way in and out of the numerous cars and saw my friends’ faces sticking out of the car windows. It was like stepping into a ballroom with beautifully dressed ladies and finding yourself in a smelly T-shirt.
To tell you the truth, Mom is quite a headache once in a while. She just looks a homely middle-aged housewife. Being a practitioner of DIY, she knits most of my sweaters, chiefly in old styles. Whenever caught by some curious classmates asking what brand my sweaters are, I’d force a smile and reply in a half joking manner: homemade.
I couldn’t remember when I started to find her such an embarrassment. As a little boy, I relied on her so much. She had been working at home, cooking in the kitchen, knitting by the lamp or riding across town to buy me a book I badly needed. It had always been much fun riding with mom. But just now there seemed to be something standing between us, something that made her so strange to me and me to her.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Today she showed up in a raincoat.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Mom tried to cover me with the back of the raincoat again as a storm set in.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 Today she showed up in a raincoat. Seeing her standing in the heavy rain with all the body wet, I finally could not control myself and shouted at her, “Why do you look so flustered? I don’t need you to take me home. I feel ashamed to have a mother like you!” Suddenly, Mom was shocked and silent. Maybe, she had never thought that I would have that feeling of her appearance and our home condition. She said nothing and just covered the raincoat on me. I pushed it away wildly.
Mom tried to cover me with the back of the raincoat again as a storm set in. With a smile, she said, “Dear son, I’m trying my best to earn our living, and I’m sure that if we work harder, we will get whatever we want in the future.” Hearing her words, I felt embarrassed. I thought of the time when she knitted in the deep night and cooked for me in the early morning. Yes, she had always been doing whatever she could to make me live well. But I was still unsatisfied. I had known that if I wanted to get what others had, I should spare no efforts to study hard and get it by myself.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，主要讲述作者在同学们都是被爸爸们的汽车接回家的时候，他的妈妈却是骑着破旧自行车来接他，这让他感到很丢人，但一个大雨天的经历让作者认识到了自己的错误。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“今天，她穿着雨衣出现了。”可知，第一段可描写作者在看到他的妈妈穿着雨衣出现在学校门口的时候的反应。
②由第二段首句内容“暴风雨来临时，妈妈又试图用雨衣背面盖住我。”可知，第二段可描写作者在和妈妈交流之后，终于认识到了妈妈的辛苦，并且下定决心要通过自己的努力获得他想要的生活。
2.续写线索：看到妈妈——生气——朝妈妈吼叫——妈妈说话——认识到错误
3.词汇积累
行为类
①尽全力做某事：try one’s best to do/ spare no efforts to do/do whatever one can to do
②谋生：earn our living/ make our living
③做饭：cook/make food
情绪类
①羞愧的：ashamed/abashed
②震惊的：shocked/surprised
【点睛】【高分句型1】Maybe, she had never thought that I would have that feeling of her appearance and our home condition.（由that引导的宾语从句）
【高分句型2】I’m sure that if we work harder, we will get whatever we want in the future.（由that引导的宾语从句、if引导的条件状语从句和whatever引导的宾语从句）
【高分句型3】I thought of the time when she knitted in the deep night and cooked for me in the early morning.（由when引导的定语从句）
【高分句型4】Yes, she had always been doing whatever she could to make me live well.（由whatever引导的宾语从句）
【高分句型5】I had known that if I wanted to get what others had, I should spare no efforts to study hard and get it by myself.（由that引导的宾语从句、if引导的条件状语从句和what引导的宾语从句）
2022-2023学年(上)期末学生学业质量调研抽测
高二英语试题
(考试时间为120分钟,满分为150分)
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分听力(共两节，满分 30 分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共 5 小题;每小题 1.5 分， 满分 7.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅 读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What are the speakers doing?
A. Climbing up a hill. B. Having a rest. C. Waiting for someone.
2. What does the man do most weekends?
A. He goes shopping. B. He watches matches. C. He visits museums.
3. Why isn’t the woman going to marry Jim?
A. He is unwilling to marry her.
B. She doesn’t love him any more.
C. Her parents are against their marriage.
4. Where is the train station?
A. On Market Road. B. On First Street. C. On Church Street.
5. What does the woman mean?
A. Miss Green opens a dancing hall.
B. Miss Green is much quieter.
C. Miss Green is noisy.
第二节(共 15 小题;每小题 1.5 分， 满分 22.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选 项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟; 听完后，各小题给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第 6 段材料，回答第 6 至 7 题。
6. Where does this conversation take place?
A. In a post office. B. In a bookstore. C. At an airport.
7. How much should the man pay in total?
A. $10. B. $11. C. $13.
听第 7 段材料，回答第 8 至 10 题。
8. What relation is Jack to the woman?
A. Her colleague. B. Her neighbor. C. Her husband.
9. What do we know about Jack?
A. He cannot cook at all. B. He does lots of housework. C. He works far from home.
10. What does the woman help do at home?
A. She does some cooking. B. She does some washing. C. She does some cleaning.
听第 8 段材料，回答第 11 至 13 题。
11. What is the man doing?
A. Checking in. B. Booking rooms. C. Asking about the hotel.
12. Why does the man come to New York?
A. To have a meeting. B. To visit museums. C. To enjoy himself at the seaside.
13. What does the man like best?
A. Japanese food. B. Italian food. C. American food.
听第 9 段材料，回答第 14 至 16 题。
14. How did the man learn ofthis clothes shop?
A. He saw an ad of it in the paper. B. He was told by a shopkeeper. C. He found it by good luck.
15. What is special about this clothes shop?
A. It is well known in the area. B. It has clothes for heavy people. C. It offers the lowest price.
16. What will the man probably do next?
A. Walk up to the second floor. B. Pay for his clothes. C. Go to another shop.
听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。
17. How often is the quiz show for children broadcast?
A. Daily. B. Weekly. C. Monthly.
18. What are the questions about?
A. Science. B. Sports. C. Entertainment.
19. What will the winners get next week?
A. A camera. B. A computer. C. A mobile phone.
20. What should children do to join the show?
A. Provide their personal information.
B. Send a recent photo of them.
C. Fill in an application form.
第二部分阅读(共两节, 满分 50 分)
第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 2.5 分， 满分 37.5 分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Sunflower season is right around the corner. Here are several most beautiful golden fields near London for you to explore.
Garsons Farm
At Garsons Farm you will find three separate sunflower fields across its 155 acres. You’ll need to buy a crop farm pass (￡4 for adults ,￡ 1 for kids ) in advance. This farm is also home to over 75 varieties of fruits, vegetables and plants that can be picked during your visit, but be sure to check crop availability on its website beforehand.
Hitchin Lavender Farm
This spot is most famous for its purple crops of lavender(熏衣草), but it is also home to dozens of sunflower! You will be charged￡ 6 for your entry to the farm. And for￡ 50 you can hire a personal photographer and have your very own photos with the plants.
Cotswold Farm Park
Cotswold Farm Park was founded to help protect rare species of farm animals in 1971. You will not only find flowering sunflowers but plenty of furry four-legged friends, too. The park also contains several photo stations throughout the field. Tickets must be booked in advance and cost ￡ 7 per adult.
Broomfield Farm
This fruit farm is open every Saturday and Sunday for those who want to see sunflowers on their weekends! It produces all kinds of fruits, vegetables and flowers that you can buy in their farm shop or pick yourself during your visit. You are allowed to bring a picnic with you and the￡4 entry is taken off your “pay and weigh” bill at the end.
1. What’s the entry fee for a couple and two kids if they go to Garsons Farm?
A. ￡4 B. ￡ 6. C. ￡ 7. D. ￡ 10
2. Where can you see rare farm animals?
A. At Garsons Farm. B. At Broomfield Farm.
C. At Cotswold Farm Park. D. At Hitchin Lavender Farm
3. Who is the text mainly intended for?
A. Sunflower lovers. B. Holiday campers.
C. Field researchers. D. Nature photographers.
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍有几个伦敦附近可以看到向日葵的美丽金色田野。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Garsons Farm中的“You’ll need to buy a crop farm pass (￡4 for adults ,￡ 1 for kids ) in advance.(你需要提前购买一张农场通行证（成人4英镑，儿童1英镑）。)”可知，一对夫妇和两个孩子去加森农场的入场费是4*2+2*1=10英镑。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Cotswold Farm Park中的“Cotswold Farm Park was founded to help protect rare species of farm animals in 1971.(科茨沃尔德农场公园成立于1971年，旨在帮助保护珍稀农场动物物种。)”可知，在科茨沃尔德农场公园可以看到稀有的农场动物。故选C。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Sunflower season is right around the corner. Here are several most beautiful golden fields near London for you to explore.(向日葵的季节马上就要到了。这里有几个伦敦附近最美丽的金色田野，等你去探索。)”及下文可知，文章主要介绍有几个伦敦附近可以看到向日葵的美丽金色田野。所以这篇文章主要是给向日葵爱好者看的。故选A。
B
Logan Ober, a senior at Rancho Cotate High School in Rohnert Park, California, was given an open-ended final project last year from his computer science teacher Kristi McWilliams. One day Logan pointed to a drawer in McWilliams’ class, filled with broken laptops —all considered garbage, and asked if he could try fixing one of those. Of course she agreed. What McWilliams didn’t expect was that the 17- year - old came back a couple days later with three completely repaired, working computers. “Amazing,” McWilliams said, “I think he knows more about hardware than I do.”
Although Logan looks like the typical teenager, he is a computer talent with a desire to give. Since that project, Logan estimates he’s fixed and donated about $30,000 worth of computers, including MacBooks and PCs. He said he does it because he enjoys it and it reduces e-waste.
E-waste, abandoned(废弃的) electrical or electronic devices, is a growing problem across the world. It has bad effects on people and the environment. Giving away the computers to someone in need prevents them from harming the environment, Logan said. Plus he gets to brighten someone else’s day. A computer can open up more possibilities for children and teenagers, he said. MacBooks can cost upward of $1,000 and are unaffordable for many students.
Logan does all the repairs on the carpet of his bedroom floor — the mess drives his parents crazy, but they’re supportive. Logan’s dad, Kristopher Ober, said you can find monitors, laptops, tools and parts lying across his son’s room. “I’m really proud of him,” his dad said. “He’s looking to give back to the society. I just think it’s wonderful for someone young like him to do that.”
4. How did McWilliam feel when Logan repaired the broken laptops successfully?
A. Regretful. B. Surprised.
C. Doubtful. D. Annoyed
5. What problem does e-waste cause according to the passage?
A. Taking up too much space.
B Costing large amounts of money.
C. Driving human beings crazy.
D. Doing harm to health and surroundings.
6. What is the distinguishing feature of Logan?
A. Humor. B. Strong character.
C. Independence. D. Heavy responsibility.
7 What message does the author seem to stress in the passage?
A. Computers can brighten teenagers’ future.
B. Teenagers ought to give back to the society.
C. Joining an open-ended project is a must for teenagers.
D. Parents’ support is very important in teenagers’ achievement.
【答案】4. B 5. D 6. D 7. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一个17岁的高中生通过修理电脑来处理电子垃圾以及帮助别人。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“What McWilliams didn’t expect was that the 17- year - old came back a couple days later with three completely repaired, working computers. “Amazing,” McWilliams said, “I think he knows more about hardware than I do.”(Mc William没有想到的是，这位17岁的少年几天后带着三台完全修好的电脑回来了。“太棒了，” Mc William说，“我觉得他比我更懂硬件。”)”可推断，当Logan成功修理坏掉的笔记本电脑时，Mc William是非常惊讶的。故选B。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“E-waste, abandoned(废弃的) electrical or electronic devices, is a growing problem across the world. It has bad effects on people and the environment. (电子垃圾，即废弃的电气或电子设备，在世界各地都是一个日益严重的问题。它对人类和环境都有不良影响。)”可知，电子垃圾会危害健康和环境。故选D。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Although Logan looks like the typical teenager, he is a computer talent with a desire to give.(虽然Logan看起来像个普通的青少年，但他却是个乐于奉献的计算机天才。)”、第三段“Giving away the computers to someone in need prevents them from harming the environment, Logan said. Plus he gets to brighten someone else’s day. A computer can open up more possibilities for children and teenagers, he said. (Logan说，把电脑送给有需要的人可以防止它们危害环境。而且他还能点亮别人的一天。他说，电脑可以为儿童和青少年提供更多的可能性。)”和最后一段“He’s looking to give back to the society.(他希望回馈社会。)”可推断，Logan有强烈的责任感。故选D。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“I’m really proud of him,” his dad said. “He’s looking to give back to the society. I just think it’s wonderful for someone young like him to do that.”(“我真为他感到骄傲，”他爸爸说。“他希望回馈社会。我只是觉得像他这样的年轻人能做到这一点太棒了。”)”可推断，父母的支持对青少年的成就很重要。故选D。
C
Smart devices have become an everyday part of our lives. A smart refrigerator can go above and beyond simply keeping our food cool.
A smart refrigerator is any refrigerator that’s equipped with a Wi-Fi connection. It can share information about itself, be a real-time camera that lets users see what’s inside while at the supermarket, or act as a digital command center for the home. Some other things smart fridges are able to do include raising or lowering the temperature at the sound of your voice or with your phone, or helping you track the contents of your fridge so you don’t run into a milk shortage emergency.
Smart fridges can be particularly good at keeping food cool. It’s easier to adjust the temperature if it is higher than it should be because the door is left slightly open. This can make a difference in your energy bills and the quality and lifespan(寿命) of your food.
Many of the smart fridge’s features can also save you time when you’re rushing to get ready in the morning. The people who will benefit most from a smart fridge are probably those who have children who might be using the fridge while parents are at work. It’s another way you can keep an eye on what’s going on at home when you’re not there. However, prices do tend to run higher than traditional fridges.
If you already have a food organizational system that’s working very well for you, and you are cool with the way your fridge is handling your food, then a smart fridge may not be worth it. However, if the smart fridge’s features mentioned above sound like they would make your life easier, then one could be worth the extra money.
8. What can a smart refrigerator do?
A. Order food.
B. Record the contents inside.
C. Deal with emergency.
D. Share information with supermarkets.
9. Which of the following best describes the smart refrigerator?
A. Energy-saving but expensive.
B. Child-friendly but noisy.
C. Time-saving but unsafe.
D. Convenient but power-consuming.
10. What does the author suggest in the last paragraph?
A. Accepting a smart fridge passively.
B. Highly recommending us to own a smart fridge.
C. Thinking reasonably about having a smart fridge.
D. Firmly rejecting the idea of buying a smart fridge.
11. Where does the text most probably come from?
A. A poster. B. A magazine.
C. A novel. D. A guide book.
【答案】8. B 9. A 10. C 11. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍一款新型的智能冰箱。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“It can share information about itself, be a real-time camera that lets users see what’s inside while at the supermarket, or act as a digital command center for the home.(它可以共享自己的信息，成为一个实时摄像头，让用户在超市里看到里面的东西，或者充当家庭的数字指挥中心。)”可知，智能冰箱能记录冰箱里的内容。故选B。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“This can make a difference in your energy bills(这会让你的能源账单有所不同)”可推断，智能冰箱是节能的。再根据第四段“However, prices do tend to run higher than traditional fridges. (然而，价格确实往往高于传统冰箱。)”可推断，智能冰箱的价格是昂贵的。故选A。
10题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“If you already have a food organizational system that’s working very well for you, and you are cool with the way your fridge is handling your food, then a smart fridge may not be worth it. However, if the smart fridge’s features mentioned above sound like they would make your life easier, then one could be worth the extra money. (如果你已经有了一个非常适合你的食物组织系统，而且你对冰箱处理食物的方式很满意，那么智能冰箱可能不值得。然而，如果上面提到的智能冰箱的功能听起来会让你的生活更轻松，那么它可能值得你花额外的钱。)”可推断，作者建议合理地考虑拥有一个智能冰箱。故选C。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Smart devices have become an everyday part of our lives. A smart refrigerator can go above and beyond simply keeping our food cool. (智能设备已经成为我们日常生活的一部分。智能冰箱不仅可以让我们的食物保持凉爽。)”可知，文中不仅介绍了智能冰箱的功能，还分析了利弊，所以最有可能来自于一本杂志中。故选B。
D
Sleeping with a dim(昏暗) light like a television or nightlight is enough to the raise blood sugar and heart rates of healthy people, according to a new study. Light helps our body maintain an internal clock, but artificial light at night can disturb the rest and repair that should happen during the sleep. New research suggests that even when our eyes are closed, a small amount of light can disrupt the way our bodies normally keep our blood sugar within a healthy range.
In the study published in Sciences on Monday, scientists asked 20 participants aged 19 to 36 to spend two nights in their lab. On the first night of sleep, the volunteers slept in a very dark room. For their second night of sleep, half of the group slept with streetlights through a window, and half spent their second night in a dark room.
During the trial, all participants were connected to devices that measured different markers of their sleep quality. They were each connected via a special tube, allowing researchers to collect samples without waking the individual. Researchers also recorded participants’ heart rates and brain waves.
When the volunteers awoke in the morning, the team tested their blood sugar and found that participants that slept in rooms with a dim light spent less time in deep sleep. In addition to having slightly worse blood sugar control, the group exposed to dim light had a higher heart rate on average. By comparison, those that spend two nights in the dark room had little difference in their blood sugar control. “They thought they slept well, but your brain knows that the lights are on,” says Zee, “you should clearly pay attention to the light in your bedroom. If you can’t give up your night light, keep it dim and at floor level.”
Earlier work has linked exposure to light during sleep to an increased risk of obesity (肥胖) in women. Zee recommends, “Make sure that you start dimming your lights at least an hour or two before you go to bed to prepare your environment for sleep.”
12. What does the underlined word “disrupt” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?
A. Bother. B. Keep.
C. Disagree. D. Follow.
13. How did the researchers draw a conclusion from the study?
A. By comparing earlier work.
B. By asking and answering questions.
C. By conducting experiments.
D. By analyzing the data from scientific texts.
14. What did the study find if the participants slept in dark rooms?
A. Their heart rate would raise higher.
B. Their blood sugar control wouldn’t change.
C. They would have worse blood sugar control.
D. They would actually sleep more than average.
15. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
A. Sleep Well, Eat Well, Good Health
B. The Darker, the Lower Blood Sugar
C. Sleeping With a Dim Light contributes to health
D. Sleeping With a Dim Light Can Raise Health Problems
【答案】12. A 13. C 14. B 15. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是篇说明文。文章主要讲述了睡觉时昏暗的灯光对人体的健康会产生一定的危害。
【12题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第一段的“but artificial light at night can disturb the rest and repair that should happen during the sleep. ”（但夜间的人造光会干扰睡眠时的休息和修复。）可知，睡觉时的灯光会干扰人在睡眠时的休息和自我修复；结合划线词所在句“New research suggests that even when our eyes are closed, a small amount of light can disrupt the way our bodies normally keep our blood sugar within a healthy range.”（新的研究表明，即使我们闭上眼睛，少量的光线也会扰乱我们身体将血糖保持在健康范围内的正常方式。）可知，“disrupt”应该与前文的“disturb”（干扰）同义，也与选项A中的“bother”同义。故选A。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“In the study published in Sciences on Monday, scientists asked 20 participants aged 19 to 36 to spend two nights in their lab.”（在周一发表在《科学》杂志上的这项研究中，科学家要求20名年龄在19到36岁之间的参与者在实验室里度过两晚。）并结合三四段内容可知，研究者们是通过对20名参加者进行具体的实验而得出了最终结论。故选C。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“those that spend two nights in the dark room had little difference in their blood sugar control.”（那些在黑暗的房间里呆了两晚的人在血糖控制方面几乎没有差别。）可知，在黑暗的房间里睡觉的参加者的血糖控制不会发生变化。故选B。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Sleeping with a dim(昏暗的) light like a television or nightlight is enough to the raise blood sugar and heart rates of healthy people, according to a new study.”（一项新的研究表明，在电视机或夜灯等昏暗的灯光下睡觉足以增加健康人的血糖和心率。）并结合全文内容可知，本文主要讲述了在昏暗的灯光下睡觉会引发健康问题。故选D。
第二节(共 5 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项.
Do you suffer from low energy? Is it difficult to get out of bed in the morning? Do your head and stomach ache? If so, you could be experiencing job burnout. ____16____ —77% of workers surveyed by Deloitte said they had experienced burnout. And 90% of those said that stress had negatively impacted their work.
Burnout is dangerous. It can lead to mental and physical tiredness, a loss of identity, and feeling a lack of achievement, they harm the body over time. Do you want to get out of this state? ____17____
One way you can help relieve burnout is by practicing communication. Be clear about what you’re feeling, and if you are being overworked, discuss it with your managers or coworkers. ____18____ Taking time off is also a good idea.
While self-care is a tendency these days, it will not cure burnout. ____19____ Their support and cooperation can make you feel better. Another alternative is taking part in regular physical activities to get your mind off work.
____20____ A study cited by The New York Times found that doctors who made time for entertainments were less likely to experience burnout than those who didn’t. A few ideas for relaxing activities can be yoga, meditation (冥想), or mindfulness.
A. Finally, make time to do things you love.
B. As a matter of fact, you are not alone.
C. Lastly, be sure to reflect as often as you can.
D. Burnout can also develop along with anxiety.
E. Read on to discover how to deal with it effectively.
F. Provide them with ideas that would help lighten burnout in the office.
G. What can help address the problem is to see a doctor or meet with friends.
【答案】16. B 17. E 18. F 19. G 20. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了职业倦怠的危害，同时也介绍了缓解职业倦怠的方法，如进行沟通、体育锻炼、瑜伽以及冥想等。
【16题详解】
根据后文“77% of workers surveyed by Deloitte said they had experienced burnout. And 90% of those said that stress had negatively impacted their work.(德勤(Deloitte)调查的员工中，77%的人说他们曾经历过倦怠。其中90%的人表示，压力对他们的工作产生了负面影响)”可知，职业倦怠的现象并非个例，很多人都出现了这样的情况。B项“As a matter of fact, you aren’t alone. (事实上，你并不孤单)”该项提到出现职业倦怠的情况并不是个例，起到承上启下的作用，符合文意。故选B。
【17题详解】
前文提到“Do you want to get out of this state? (你想摆脱这样的情况吗？)”以及后文中“One way you can help relieve burnout is by practicing communication. (缓解倦怠的一个方法就是练习沟通)”，同时后文中还提到了如运动、瑜伽、冥想等帮助缓解职业倦怠的方法。由此判断，该段需衔接后文中提到的缓解职业倦怠的方法。E项“Read on to discover how to deal with it effectively. (继续往下读，看看如何有效地应对它)”该项引出后文中缓解职业倦怠的方法，起到承上启下的作用，符合文意。故选E。
【18题详解】
根据前文“Be clear about what you’re feeling, and if you are being overworked, discuss it with your supervisor or coworkers. (清楚你的感受，如果你工作过度，和你的上司或同事讨论一下)”可知，职业倦怠经常发生在办公室内。F项“Provide them with ideas that would help lighten burnout in the office. (为他们提供一些可以帮助减轻工作倦怠的想法)”符合语境，该项中“in the office(在办公室)”呼应上文的提到“supervisor(上司)”和“coworkers(同事)”，该项讲述缓解办公室内产生的职业倦怠的方式。故选F。
【19题详解】
根据前文“While self-care is trending these days, it will not cure burnout. (虽然自我护理是当今的趋势，但它并不能治愈倦怠)”以及后文中“Their support and cooperation can make you feel better. (他们的支持和合作会让你感觉更好)”可知，职业倦怠并不能通过自己护理得到治愈，而需要通过其他方面的帮助来恢复。G项“What can help address the problem is to see a doctor or meet with friends. (看医生或见朋友可以帮助解决这个问题)”该项提到可以通过寻求医生和朋友的被帮助来解决职业倦怠的问题。承上启下，符合文意。故选G。
【20题详解】
根据后文“A study cited by The New York Times found that surgeons who made time for recreational activities were less likely to experience burnout than those who didn’t. A few ideas for relaxing activities can be yoga, meditation, or mindfulness. (《纽约时报》援引的一项研究发现，花时间进行娱乐活动的外科医生比那些不这样做的人更不容易感到疲劳。一些放松的活动可以是瑜伽、冥想或正念)”可知，该段讲述了其他一些可以缓解职业倦怠的方法。A项“Finally, make time to do things you love. (最后，腾出时间做你喜欢的事情)”符合语境，说明抽时间做喜欢的缓解压力的活动，引出下文的方法的介绍。故选A。
第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分 30 分)
第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 1 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Society has certain standards for beauty. But the Romanian camerawoman Mihaela Noroc is ____21____ these standards. She spent nearly four years shooting ____22____ of women around the world.
She believes that beauty can ____23____ many forms. “Beauty just means being ____24____,” Noroc told NPR, “I don’t think we have to ____25____ ourselves to be in certain way; we just have to keep ourselves as we are and don’t necessarily need to change .” ____26____ by a trip to Africa in 2013, Noroc has traveled to more than 50 countries since then.
In 2017, she published a book to show how many different kinds of ____27____ there are in the world. From a ____28____ Russian dancer to a joyful cafe owner in New York, Noroc’s subjects ____29____ her in deep conversation. Noroc found out what _____30_____ them, what their daily struggles and joys are, and what brings beauty into their own lives. “Wherever I go, it is the _____31_____ that carry all the cultures and traditions of a place. I really try to focus on women’s stories, how they face challenges and _____32_____ them,” Noroc told CNN.
In Iran, Noroc met Farnoush, a woman living in two worlds. “In one she is an economist, by _____33_____ . In the other, she is an artist, because this is her _____34_____.” In Noroc’s world, the beauty of women _____35_____ how natural and comfortable they appear while just being themselves.
21. A. setting B. stressing C. challenging D. considering
22. A. targets B. needs C. pictures D. outlines
23. A. carry on B. take on C. live on D. work on
24. A. itself B. himself C. herself D. yourself
25. A. adapt B. clarify C. change D. acknowledge
26. A. Inspired B. Funded C. Persuaded D. Appointed
27. A. beauty B. courage C. pride D. joy
28. A. dying B. confusing C. disappointing D. struggling
29. A. devoted B. limited C. engaged D. supported
30. A. prevents B. moves C. separates D. keeps
31. A. men B. women C. supermen D. camerawomen
32. A. resist B. control C. overcome D. ignore
33. A. major B. reference C. education D. profession
34. A. passion B. ambition C. distraction D. mission
35. A. brings about B. shows off C. puts forward D. lies in
【答案】21. C 22. C 23. B 24. D 25. C 26. A 27. A 28. D 29. C 30. B 31. B 32. C 33. D 34. A 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了罗马尼亚摄影师Mihaela Noroc。她拍摄不同地方的女性，并出版了相册。她聚焦于女性，和不同地方的女性深入交流。她关注世界各地女性的生存状态，倡导女性成为自我，并致力于阐释女性美的多元性。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但罗马尼亚女摄影师Mihaela Noroc正在挑战这些标准。A. setting设定；B. stressing强调；C. challenging挑战；D. considering考虑到。根据“Society has certain standards for beauty.”和“She believes that beauty can ____3____ many forms.”可知，Mihaela Noroc正在挑战美的标准。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她花了近四年时间拍摄世界各地的女性照片。A. targets目标；B. needs需求；C. pictures图片；照片；D. outlines大纲、轮廓。根据“But the Romanian camerawoman Mihaela Noroc is ____1____ these standards.”可知，Mihaela Noroc是一名摄影师，所以是拍摄了很多女性照片。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：她相信美可以有多种形式。A. carry on继续进行；B. take on呈现、雇佣；C. live on以……为生；D. work on致力于。根据“In 2017, she published a book to show how many different kinds of ____7____ there are in the world.”可知，Mihaela Noroc相信美具有很多呈现形式。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查代词词义辨析。句意：“美就是做你自己，”诺罗克在接受美国国家公共电台采访时表示，“我认为我们不必为了某种方式而改变自己；我们只需要保持我们自己，不一定需要改变。”A. itself它自己；B. himself他自己；C. herself她自己；D. yourself你自己。根据“I don’t think we have to ____5____ ourselves to be in certain way;”可知，Noroc认为我们就应该做自己，这样就是美的。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“美就是做你自己，”诺罗克在接受美国国家公共电台采访时表示，“我认为我们不必为了某种方式而改变自己；我们只需要保持我们自己，不一定需要改变。”A. adapt适应、改编；B. clarify阐明、澄清；C. change改变；D. acknowledge承认。根据“Beauty just means being ____4____,”可知，Noroc说我们不必改变自己。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：受2013年非洲之旅的启发，诺罗克从那时起已经去过50多个国家。A. Inspired激励、启发；B. Funded资助；C. Persuaded劝服；D. Appointed任命。根据“Noroc has traveled to more than 50 countries since then.”可知，Noroc在去过非洲时受到了启发，之后才又去了50多个国家和地区。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：2017年，她出版了一本书，展示了世界上有多少种不同的美。A. beauty美；B. courage勇气；C. pride自豪；D. joy开心。根据“She believes that beauty can ____3____ many forms.”可知，Noroc在书中展示了世界上不同的美。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意： 从一个努力的俄罗斯舞者到一个快乐的纽约咖啡馆老板，Noroc的主题让她进行了深入的对话。Noroc发现了是什么感动着他们，他们每天的挣扎和快乐是什么，是什么给他们的生活带来了美丽。A. dying垂死的；B. confusing令人费解的；C. disappointing使人失望的；D. struggling苦苦挣扎的；奋斗的。根据“what their daily struggles and joys are,”可知，Noroc拍摄一个奋斗的俄罗斯舞者。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：从一个努力的俄罗斯舞者到一个快乐的纽约咖啡馆老板，Noroc的主题让她进行了深入的对话。Noroc发现了是什么感动着他们，他们每天的挣扎和快乐是什么，是什么给他们的生活带来了美丽。A. devoted奉献、投入；B. limited限制；C. engaged忙于；D. supported支持。engage sb. in conversation 意为“和某人谈话”。根据“Noroc found out what ____10____ them, what their daily struggles and joys are, and what brings beauty into their own lives.”可知，Noroc和拍摄对象进行谈话。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Noroc发现了是什么感动着她们，她们每天的努力和快乐是什么，是什么给她们的生活带来了美丽。A. prevents防止；B. moves移动、使感动；C. separates隔离；D. keeps维持。根据“what their daily struggles and joys are, and what brings beauty into their own lives.”可知，Noroc通过拍摄和交谈，发现了是什么感动着她们。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“无论我走到哪里，女性都承载着一个地方的所有文化和传统。我真的试图关注女性的故事，她们如何面对挑战并克服它们，”诺罗克在接受CNN采访时表示。A. men男性；B. women女性；C. supermen超人；D. camerawomen女摄影师。根据“I really try to focus on women’s stories, how they face challenges and ____12____ them,”可知，Noroc聚焦女性故事，因为女性承载着一个地方的文化和传统。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“无论我走到哪里，女性都承载着一个地方的所有文化和传统。我真的试图关注女性的故事，她们如何面对挑战并克服它们，”诺罗克在接受CNN采访时表示。A. resist抵制；B. control控制；C. overcome克服；D. ignore忽视。根据“how they face challenges”可知，遇到挑战就必须克服挑战。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一方面，她的职业是经济学家。A. major专修；B. reference参考；C. education教育；D. profession职业。根据“In one she is an economist,”可知，这里介绍Noroc的职业。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：另一方面，她是一名艺术家，因为这是她的激情所在。A. passion热情；B. ambition野心；C. distraction分心；D. mission任务、使命。根据“In one she is an economist, by ____13____ . In the other, she is an artist,”可知，职业是生活需要，艺术就是自己热爱的东西，这是是Noroc的激情所在。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：在诺罗克的世界里，女性的美在于她们在做自己的同时表现得多么自然和舒适。 A. brings about带来；B. shows off炫耀；C. puts forward提出；D. lies in在于。根据“She believes that beauty can ____3____ many forms.”可知，Noroc认为美有多种存在形式，所以说的在做自己的同时表现得自然舒适就是美的一种存在形式。故选D。
第二节(共 10 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文， 在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The traditional Chinese solar calendar divides the whole year into 24 solar terms. “Cold Dew”, also____36____ (know) as “Han Lu” in Chinese, falls on October 8 or October 9 each year. Temperatures are much lower and the dew is ____37____ (great) at this time.
Here are three things you should know about Cold Dew. Firstly, ____38____ (eat) pomegranates(石 榴) and hawthorns(山楂) that are both ripe during Cold Dew is a tradition. Pomegranates ____39____ (treasure) for their health benefits while hawthorns are thought to improve blood flow. Besides, Chrysanthemum(菊花) is the ____40____ (symbol) flower of Cold Dew. ____41____ (prevent) autumn dryness, people in China have the custom of drinking chrysanthemum wine. This is also a tradition of the Double Ninth Festival, ____42____ often falls around Cold Dew. Finally, it is ____43____ great time for fishing. ____44____ the Cold Dew period, temperatures decrease quickly and sunshine doesn’t reach deep water entirely. So fish usually swim to the area where the water is not deep and the temperature is _____45_____ (relative) high. That is why people always say that fishing in shallow water areas in autumn makes sense.
【答案】36. known
37. greater
38. eating 39. are treasured
40. symbolic
41. To prevent
42. which 43. a
44. During 45. relatively
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国传统的阳历将一年分为24个节气。每年的10月8日或10月9日是“寒露”的日子。此时气温更低，露水更浓。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：每年的10月8日或10月9日是“寒露”的日子。短语be known as表示“被称为”，省略be动词，用过去分词作定语。故填known。
【37题详解】
考查比较级。句意：此时气温更低，露水更浓。根据上文Temperatures are much lower and the dew可知应用比较级。故填greater。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：首先，吃在寒露期间成熟的石榴和山楂是一种传统。作句子的主语应用动名词形式。故填eating。
【39题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：石榴因其健康益处而备受珍视，而山楂则被认为可以改善血液流动。主语与谓语构成被动关系，且陈述客观事实用一般现在时，主语为复数名词，谓语用复数。故填are treasured。
【40题详解】
考查形容词。句意：此外，菊花是寒露的象征花。修饰后文名词flower应用形容词symbolic，作定语。故填symbolic。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：为了防秋燥，中国人有喝菊花酒的习俗。此处作目的状语应用不定式，句首单词首字母要大写。故填To prevent。
【42题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：这也是重阳节的一个传统，通常在寒露来临之际。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词tradition，从句缺少主语，故用which引导。故填which。
【43题详解】
考查冠词。句意：最后，这是一个钓鱼的好时机。time此处表示时机为泛指，表示“一个时机”，且great是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。
【44题详解】
考查介词。句意：在寒露期间，温度迅速下降，阳光不能完全到达深水。表示“在……期间”应用介词during。句首单词首字母要大写。故填During。
【45题详解】
考查副词。句意：所以鱼通常会游到水不深、温度相对较高的地方。修饰形容词high应用副词relatively，故填relatively。
第四部分写作(共两节，满分 40 分)
第一节(满分 15 分)
46. 假定你是李华，你校英语杂志《人物》专栏正在举行主题为“The Hero in My Eyes”的征文活动。请你写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：
1.人物介绍（谁、事迹）；
2.成为你眼中英雄的理由；
3.该英雄人物对你的影响。
注意：1.写作词数应为 80；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】The Hero in My Eyes
During the pandemic that struck Chongqing this winter a large quantity of heroic figures emerge among people from all walks of life. Among them, my head master is the one that I admire most.
My head teacher is a middle-aged man. He is not strong, but he showed enormous strength during the pandemic. Since strict rules were issued during that period, my head teacher voluntarily stayed on campus to take care of those students who cannot go back home. Besides, he committed large amounts of time and energy every day to guarantee the efficiency of our online learning.
His courage and diligence motivate me to face all kinds of obstacles bravely in the future.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于说明文。假定你是李华，你校英语杂志《人物》专栏正在举行主题为 “The Hero in My Eyes” 的征文活动。请你写一篇短文投稿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
出现：emerge→appear
激励：motivate→stimulate
此外：besides→in addition
障碍：obstacle→barrier
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：During the pandemic that struck Chongqing this winter, a large quantity of heroic figures emerge among people from all walks of life. Among them, my head master is the one that I admire most.
拓展句：During the pandemic that struck Chongqing this winter, a large quantity of heroic figures emerge among people from all walks of life, among whom, my head master is the one that I admire most.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Since strict rules were issued during that period, my head teacher voluntarily stayed on campus to take care of those students who cannot go back home. (运用了who引导定语从句)
[高分句型2] Besides, he committed large amounts of time and energy every day to guarantee the efficiency of our online learning. (运用了不定式作目的状语)
第二节(满分 25 分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When school was over, the day was fading and it started to drizzle(毛毛雨). I stood at the school gate, with a loaded backpack on my shoulders. It was Friday again: a weekend of joy with unlimited sleeping hours and dinner courses specially made to my taste, a weekend at home. I waved goodbye to my friends as they jumped into their fathers’ warm and comfortable cars. Curiously, this gave rise to a disturbing feeling in me. It was not exactly what they called jealousy, but something like dismay(沮丧). I knew all I could expect was an old bike Mom would ride along on, with the badly-oiled chain creaking(嘎吱作响) against the wheel to announce her arrival.
Every Friday when Mom came to pick me up for the weekend, it was a moment full of great expectation and great unease. I always felt my face burning as we rode our way in and out of the numerous cars and saw my friends’ faces sticking out of the car windows. It was like stepping into a ballroom with beautifully dressed ladies and finding yourself in a smelly T-shirt.
To tell you the truth, Mom is quite a headache once in a while. She just looks a homely middle-aged housewife. Being a practitioner of DIY, she knits most of my sweaters, chiefly in old styles. Whenever caught by some curious classmates asking what brand my sweaters are, I’d force a smile and reply in a half joking manner: homemade.
I couldn’t remember when I started to find her such an embarrassment. As a little boy, I relied on her so much. She had been working at home, cooking in the kitchen, knitting by the lamp or riding across town to buy me a book I badly needed. It had always been much fun riding with mom. But just now there seemed to be something standing between us, something that made her so strange to me and me to her.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Today she showed up in a raincoat.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Mom tried to cover me with the back of the raincoat again as a storm set in.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 Today she showed up in a raincoat. Seeing her standing in the heavy rain with all the body wet, I finally could not control myself and shouted at her, “Why do you look so flustered? I don’t need you to take me home. I feel ashamed to have a mother like you!” Suddenly, Mom was shocked and silent. Maybe, she had never thought that I would have that feeling of her appearance and our home condition. She said nothing and just covered the raincoat on me. I pushed it away wildly.
Mom tried to cover me with the back of the raincoat again as a storm set in. With a smile, she said, “Dear son, I’m trying my best to earn our living, and I’m sure that if we work harder, we will get whatever we want in the future.” Hearing her words, I felt embarrassed. I thought of the time when she knitted in the deep night and cooked for me in the early morning. Yes, she had always been doing whatever she could to make me live well. But I was still unsatisfied. I had known that if I wanted to get what others had, I should spare no efforts to study hard and get it by myself.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，主要讲述作者在同学们都是被爸爸们的汽车接回家的时候，他的妈妈却是骑着破旧自行车来接他，这让他感到很丢人，但一个大雨天的经历让作者认识到了自己的错误。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“今天，她穿着雨衣出现了。”可知，第一段可描写作者在看到他的妈妈穿着雨衣出现在学校门口的时候的反应。
②由第二段首句内容“暴风雨来临时，妈妈又试图用雨衣背面盖住我。”可知，第二段可描写作者在和妈妈交流之后，终于认识到了妈妈的辛苦，并且下定决心要通过自己的努力获得他想要的生活。
2.续写线索：看到妈妈——生气——朝妈妈吼叫——妈妈说话——认识到错误
3.词汇积累
行为类
①尽全力做某事：try one’s best to do/ spare no efforts to do/do whatever one can to do
②谋生：earn our living/ make our living
③做饭：cook/make food
情绪类
①羞愧的：ashamed/abashed
②震惊的：shocked/surprised
【点睛】【高分句型1】Maybe, she had never thought that I would have that feeling of her appearance and our home condition.（由that引导的宾语从句）
【高分句型2】I’m sure that if we work harder, we will get whatever we want in the future.（由that引导的宾语从句、if引导的条件状语从句和whatever引导的宾语从句）
【高分句型3】I thought of the time when she knitted in the deep night and cooked for me in the early morning.（由when引导的定语从句）
【高分句型4】Yes, she had always been doing whatever she could to make me live well.（由whatever引导的宾语从句）
【高分句型5】I had known that if I wanted to get what others had, I should spare no efforts to study hard and get it by myself.（由that引导的宾语从句、if引导的条件状语从句和what引导的宾语从句）
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