专题小升初英语复习词法第二讲 冠词（带答案）

这是一份专题小升初英语复习词法第二讲 冠词（带答案），共9页。试卷主要包含了 题型， 分值， 考点范围， 考查重点等内容，欢迎下载使用。
第二讲  冠词          1. 题型：单项选择，完形填空、正确形式填空。2. 分值：1-3分。3. 考点范围：不定冠词a, an的基本用法；定冠词the的基本用法；零冠词的用法。4. 考查重点：冠词a, an 的区分；定冠词与零冠词用法的区分。  一、定义冠词是一种虚词，分为不定冠词、定冠词、零冠词三种，放在名词的前面，对名词进行限定。 二、不定冠词a / an的用法不定冠词a / an表示“一、一个”，与one相似，a/ an强调类别；one强调数量。【例如】：There’s a pen on the desk. 桌子上有一支钢笔。①表泛指，用在可数名词单数前，表明一类人或事物，指同类中的任何一个，但不具体说明哪个，a/an不翻译；【例如】：An elephant is stronger than a horse. 大象比马强壮。②用在人名或表示人的名词前，表示不确定性，指说话人不清楚或没有指明所提到的人到底是谁；【例如】：A Smith called you just now. 刚才一个叫史密斯的人给你打电话。③用于某些习惯用语或谚语中：in a word 总而言之  take a walk 散步   have a headache 头疼a few 一点点    a little 一点点   a kind of 一种have a good time 玩得开心 have a break 休息一会  have a cold 感冒a lot of 许多    in a hurry 匆忙   have a try 试一试 三、不定冠词a/an的区别①a用于辅音发音(不是指辅音字母)的单词前；②an用于元音发音(不是指元音字母)的单词前。如果名词前有修饰语，用a还是an取决于该修饰语的第一个音素是辅音还是元音。③当字母作为一个独立的单词时，“Mr. Li has one fox”(李先生有一只狐狸)，这句话囊括了字母表里前面用不定冠词an的所有字母。④由8, 11, 18, 80, 800等阿拉伯数字组成的相关短语前要用an，其他阿拉伯数字组成的相关短语用a。【例如】：a European country  a university  a useful tool  an 80-meter-long bridge  an hour a hotel  an umbrella  an “f”   a “u” an “x” 【典例】：(   ) (2019. 长郡系) Helen wants to be ______ actor or______ singer in the future.A. a; a B. an; a C. the; the D. a; an解析：本题考查冠词的用法。句意为“海伦将来想成为一个演员或者一个歌手。”，由句意可知，设空处都应填不定冠词a/an；第一空“actor”是元音因素开头的单词，填an；第二空“singer”是辅音因素开头的单词，填a，故答案为B。答案：B【演练】：(   ) 1. (2016. 长郡系) This lion is from England. It’s ____English lion.A. a B. an C. the D. /(   ) 2. There is ______ old man in the room.A. / B. a C. an(   ) 3. There is ________ “r” and ________ “u” in the word “hour”.A. an; a B. a; a C. a; an 四、定冠词the的用法定冠词the与指示代词this，that同源，表示“这个”或“那个”。①特指某(些)人或某(些)物，如果是特指，那么无论是可数名词单数、复数或不可数名词前均要用the。【例如】：Beijing is the capital of China.北京是中国的首都。②用于单数名词前，指一类事物。【例如】：The lion is a wild animal.狮子是野生动物。③指谈话双方都知道的人或事物。 【例如】：Open the window please.请把窗户打开。(双方都知道指的是哪一扇窗户) ④指上文已经提到的人或事物。 【例如】：I have a bike. The bike is white.我有一辆单车。这辆单车是白色的。 ⑤指世界上独一无二的事物。 【例如】：Which is the biggest, the sun, the earth or the moon?太阳、地球和月亮哪一个最大? ⑥用在序数词、形容词最高级前。【例如】：The first truck is carrying a few baskets.第一辆卡车正在装运一些篮子。⑦用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前。【例如】：the Great Wall长城    the Summer Palace颐和园； the People’s Square人民广场  the Science Museum科学馆 ⑧用在某些形容词前，表示某一类人。【例如】：the rich富人；the poor穷人；the sick病人；the old老人；the young年轻人⑨用在姓氏复数形式前，表示“全家人”或“夫妇俩”。 【例如】：The Turners are going home on a train.特纳夫妇在回家的火车上。 ⑩用在方位词前。【例如】：on the left/right在左/右边；in the east/west/north/south在东/西/北/南方 ⑪演奏时，用在西洋乐器名称前。 【例如】：Do you like playing the piano or the violin?你喜欢弹钢琴还是喜欢拉小提琴？ ⑫用在表示海洋、河流、山脉、群岛及国家和党派名词前。 【例如】：the East China Sea 东海；the Jinggang Mountains 井冈山⑬用在某些固定词组中。【例如】：all the time 一直    at the age of 在……岁时  in the end 最后;终于by the way 顺便说    at the moment 此刻   at the same time 同时 the day after tomorrow 后天  the day before yesterday 前天 tell the truth 说实话in the middle of the day 中午 in the morning/ afternoon/ evening 在上午/下午/晚上【注意】：the在以元音音素开头的单词前读/ði/，如the air；在以辅音音素开头的单词前读/ðə/，如the day。 【典例】：(   ) (2019. 长郡系) I think ______ earth is bigger than ______ moon.A. a; a B. an; the C. the; the D. /; the解析：本题考查冠词的用法。句意为“我认为地球比月球大。”“earth”、“moon”是世界上独一无二的事物，前应用定冠词the，故答案为C。答案：C【演练】：(   ) 1. (2017. 长郡系) There is ______ old bike, and______ old bike is Mr. Zhao’sA. a; an B. an; an C. an; the D. the; the(   ) 2. There is ________“h” in the word “hour”, but ________ “h” doesn’t make a sound.A. a; a B. a; the C. an; the(   ) 3. There is ________ “s” in ________word “bus”.A. an; the B. a; the C. an; a 五、零冠词的用法①在复数形式的可数名词前不用冠词，用于表示一类人或事物。【例如】：Students should study hard.学生应该努力学习。②国名、地名、人名、季节、月份、星期、节日等专有名词前通常不用冠词。【例如】：Russia 俄罗斯；Mary 玛丽；in winter 在冬季；on Monday 在星期五③一日三餐、学科、语言、颜色等名词前不加冠词。【例如】：have supper 吃晚餐；have Chinese 上语文课；in French 用法语④踢、打球类运动和玩棋牌类游戏的名词前不加冠词。【例如】：play football 踢足球；play chess 下棋；play cards 玩牌⑤名词前已有this, that, my, his, every, some等词修饰时，不用冠词。【例如】：this dress 这件连衣裙；my sister 我妹妹；his book 他的书⑥在称呼语和头衔前不用冠词。【例如】：Mr. Smith is our English. 史密斯先生是我们的英语老师。⑦在一些固定短语中不用冠词【例如】：at first起初 at home在家 at last终于 at once立刻； 【冠词用法口诀】：泛指用a/ an，单数可数；特指用the，不特不the。特指双熟悉，上文已提及，世上独无二，序数最高级，某些专有名，习语及乐器。代词限定名词前，专有名词不可数，复数名词表泛指，学科球类三餐饭；季节星期月份前，颜色语种和国名，称呼习语及头衔。 【典例】：(   ) (2018. 一中系) After school we usually play ______ soccer for half _____hour on ______ sports ground.A. /; an; the B. the; an; a C. /; a; the解析：本题考查冠词的用法。句意为“放学后，我们通常在运动场上踢半个小时的足球。”第一空为玩球类运动，不填冠词；第二空“hour”为元音音素开头的单词，填冠词an；第三空为表示特指他们踢球的运动场，填the，故答案为A。答案：A【演练】：(   ) 1. Tokyo is ________ capital of _______ Japan.A. the; / B. the; an C. a; a(   ) 2. They speak ________ Chinese. They live in ________ Shanghai.A. a; a B. /; the C. /; /(   ) 3. I often play ________ violin, but I don’t like playing ________ basketball.A. /; / B. the; / C. /; the  I. 单项选择(   ) 1. (2018. 一中系) —What animals can you see in that picture?—_______elephant and ______tiger.A. A; a B. An; a C. A; an(   ) 2. (2018. 安徽毕业考改编) They are going to have ______ supper with ______ Browns tonight.A. the; the B. /; / C. /; the(   ) 3. (2018. 一中系) —What color is the orange?  —It’s ________ orange.A. / B. the C. an(   ) 4. (2018. 一中系) John can play _______ guitar.A. / B. the C. a(   ) 5. (2018. 福建毕业考改编) _______Great Wall is_______ longest wall in the world.A. The; the B. A; a C. The; a(   ) 6. (2018. 湖北毕业考改编) Here is _______ useful book. And _______book is mine.A. an; the B. a; the C. an; /(   ) 7. (2017. 雅礼系) We often go swimming in______ summer.A. a B. an C. /(   ) 8. (2017. 一中系) —The Qing dynasty（清朝）was over in_____20th century(世纪), right?—Yes, it ended over _____century ago.A. the; a B. the; the C. a; a(   ) 9. (2017. 河南毕业考改编) Joe likes to play _______ football and play _______ piano.A. a; the B. /; the C. the; a(   ) 10. (2016. 一中系) There is ____“t”,____“i”,____“m”and ____“e”in the word “time”.A. a; an; a; an B. a; an; a; a C. a; an; an; an II. (一中系、长郡系改编) 用a, an, the, / 填空11. (2018) Maria has an orange. ________ orange is in her pocket.12. (2018) —Mum, why can’t I have________ new bike?—Dear, you know, _______money doesn’t grow on the tree.13. (2018) We will have_______ exam tomorrow.14. (2018) I like playing _______ tennis very much.15. (2018) Bill can’t play ________chess, but he can play ________ piano quite well.16. (2018) —Do you usually play______ trumpet after school?—Yes. I play for half_______ hour with my teacher every day.17. (2017) Tina loves _______ art, and she wants to be ______ art teacher.18. (2017) My mom is_______ teacher. She’s_______ English teacher.19. (2017) David is playing_______ basketball on the playground.20. (2017) Lily, _______ 8-year-old girl, goes to school by herself every day.  I. 单项选择(   ) 1. —Can you play_______ erhu?  —Yes, I can. It is _______ ancient musical instrument.A. a; an B. the; an C. /; an(   ) 2. In ______spring, it is sunny and warm.A. a B. the C. /(   ) 3. We can’t see_______ sun at ________night.A. a; the B. the; / C. the; the(   ) 4. Shanghai is in_________ east of China.A. the B. / C. an(   ) 5. Miss Wang can’t play _______ soccer well.A. the B. a C. /(   ) 6. There is _______ “b”, _______ “o” and _______ “x” in the word “box”.A. a; an; a B. a; an; an C. a; a; a(   ) 7. ______ young should learn manners well.A. A B. The C. An(   ) 8. This is ______ Tom’s pen, and _______ pen is red.A. a; the B. the; the C. /; the(   ) 9. ______ Whites live on________ third floor.A. /; the B. The; a C. The; the(   ) 10. —What color is ________ your bag?  —It’s _______ red.A. the; the B. a; / C. /; /II. 用a, an, the, / 填空11. There is _______ picture of _______ elephant on _______ wall.12. This is _______ useful book. I’ve read it for _______ hour.13. _______ elephant is much heavier than _______ horse.14. _______ doctor told him to take medicine three times _______ day.15. It’s too hot. Open _______ door, please.16. There is _______ woman over there. _______ woman is Meimei’s mother.17. _______ sun rises in _______ east.18. _______ Changjiang River is _______ longest river in _______ China.19. _______ Smiths are living at the end of _______ Smith Street.20. _______ old man is ______ teacher. He likes playing ______ basketball after _______ supper.                  参考答案第二讲  冠词【演练】三、BCA  四、CCA  五、ACB【真题演练】：I. BCABA  BCABCII. 11. The  12. a, /  13. an  14. /  15. /, the  16. the, an  17. /, an  18. a, an  19. /;  20. an【巩固提升】：1-10 CCBAC  BBCCC 11. a, an, the  12. a, an  13. An, a(The, the)  14. The, a  15. the16. a, The  17. The, the  18. The, the, /  19. The, the  20 . The, a, /, /