专题小升初英语复习词法第五讲 数词（带答案）

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第五讲  数词           1. 题型：单项选择、完形填空、正确形式填空。2. 分值：1-2分。3. 考点范围：基数词、序数词的构成、用法。4. 考查重点：基数词与序数词的构成，时间、年月日等的表达。  一、定义数词是表示数目多少或顺序先后的词。 二、分类数词分为基数词和序数词。 （一） 基数词1. 基数词的定义基数词表示数目的多少，如one, two, three。 2. 基数词的构成范围特点例词1~12 无规律one, two, three, four, five, six,seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve13~19以teen为结尾thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen 整十的数以ty结尾twenty, thirty, forty, fifty, sixty, seventy, eighty, ninety 几十几的数十位与个位之间要加连字符“-” twenty-five, sixty-five, ninety-nine 整百的数1~9加hundredtwo hundred, eight hundred, nine hundred几百几十几的数百位与十位之间通常用and，十位与个位之间用连字符“-”连接three hundred and twenty-five（美语中常将and省略）整千的数1~9加thousandone thousand, two thousand, eight thousand千以上的数从数字的右端向左端数起，每三位数加一个逗号“,”。从右开始，第一个“,”前的数字后添加thousand，第二个“,”前面的数字后添加million(百万)，第三个“,”前的数字后添加billion(十亿)。然后一节一节分别表示，两个逗号之间最大的数为百位数形式。two thousand six hundred and forty-eight ：2,648sixteen million two hundred and fifty thousand sixty-four：16,250,064 3. 基数词的用法①表示年龄，基数词放在year(s) old之前；表示“几岁大的”：基数词+year+old，中间用连字符“-”连接，例如：an 8-year-old boy 一个8岁的男孩。【拓展】：复合形容词的构成：基数词+名词单数(+形容词)，中间用连字符“-”连接，例如：a two-day holiday 一个两天的假期。 ②用来表示人或物的数量，放在名词之前。【例如】：I have three balls. 我有三个球。③表示顺序、编号等，放在名词之后，且名词和基数词首字母大写。(相当于the+序数词+名词)【例如】：Class Four=the fourth class, Grade Six=the sixth grade④用来计算、电话号码的表示【例如】：Two and six is eight. 二加六等于八。—What’s forty and twenty? 40加20等于多少？—It’s sixty. 等于60。My phone number is 13975854678. ⑤基数词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。【例如】：Six and ninety is ninety-six. 6加90等于96。 ⑥表示确切的数字时，hundred, thousand, million, billion用单数形式；表示不确切数字时，hundred, thousand, million, billion以复数形式出现并跟of连用，如hundreds of 数以百计的，thousands of 数以千计的 ⑦表示人的不确切岁数或年代，用“几十”的复数形式表示。【例如】：He became a professor in his thirties.他三十多岁时成为了教授。 ⑧时间的表达A. 顺读法直接按表上的数字，先读小时再读分钟。整点时间后一般加o’clock，几点零几分，这个零用“o /əʊ/”表示。 【例如】：7:15读作：seven fifteen 8:05读作：eight o five8:30读作：eight thirty 9:00读作：nine o’clock  B. 逆读法a. 当分钟数≤30，用“分钟数+past+时钟数”，表示“几点过几分”【例如】：8:12读作：twelve past eight9:15读作：fifteen past nine / a quarter past nine2:30读作：thirty past two / half past two b. 当分钟数＞30，用“(60—分钟数)+to+下一个时钟数”，表示“几点差几分”【例如】：1:58读作：two to two 5:45读作：fifteen to six / a quarter to six【注意】：30分钟可用half表示；15分钟可用a quarter表示 【典例】：(   ) 1. (2018. 长郡系) He is an________ boy.A. eight years old B. eight-year-old C. eight-years-old D. eight-years old解析：本题考查数词的用法。句意为“他是一个八岁大的男孩。”设空处应填“几岁大的”，其形式为：基数词+year+old，中间用连字符“-”连接，故答案为B。 答案：B(   ) 2. (2017. 一中系) Look, _______ are running along the road.A. hundreds of people B. hundred of people C. hundred people解析：本题考查数词的用法。句意为“看，数以百计的人们正沿着路跑。”，表示不确切数字时，hundred, thousand, million, billion以复数形式出现并跟of连用，故答案为A。答案：A【演练】：(   ) 1. Three and twenty is_________.A. twenty-three B. twenty-third C. twenty and three(   ) 2. There are six________ students in our school.A. hundred B. hundreds C. hundreds of(   ) 3. Mary is a ________ girl.A. twelve-years-old B. twelve years old C. twelve-year-old （二） 序数词1. 序数词的定义序数词表示顺序先后，第几，主要用于楼层（第几层），生日（第几个生日），月份（第几个月），星期（一星期第几天）等。例如：the second floor, my 15th birthday, the third month, the seventh day. 2. 序数词的构成范围特点例词第1~第3需要单独记忆分别为first, second, third第4~第19由“基数词+th”构成。其中fifth(第五)，eighth(第八)，ninth(第九)，twelfth(第十二)的变法有变化。fourth, sixth, seventh, tenth, eleventh, thirteenth, fourteenth, fifteenth, sixteenth第“几十”序数词把基数词词尾的“y”改成“ie”，再加-thtwentieth, thirtieth, fortieth, fiftieth, sixtieth第“几十几”序数词在基数词“几十几”的基础上，把个位变为序数词twenty-first, forty-fourth, fifty-ninth第“几百”序数词由1~9加hundredth构成one hundredth, five hundredth, eight hundredth其他的序数词在基数词的基础上，把个位变成序数词sixteen million two hundred and fifty thousand sixty-fourth【基数词变序数词口诀】：基变序有规律，一、二、三，特殊记，结尾字母t、d、d，从四加上-th。ve要用f替，八去t，九减e，整十y变为ie，然后再加-th。如果遇到几十几，只变个位就可以。 3. 序数词的用法（1）序数词前一般要加定冠词the表示顺序。【例如】：the second longest river  （2）序数词的缩写：阿拉伯数字加序数词单词的后两个字母。【例如】：1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th... （3）序数词常用作名词的定语，但当名词前已有物主代词、名词所有格等限定词时，不再用the。【例如】：her tenth birthday （4）表示英语中的分数时，分子用基数词，写在前面，分母用序数词，写在后面。当分子超过1时，分母的序数词后要加“s”。【例如】：½：one second   ¾：three fourths （5）年、月、日的表示1） 年的表示“年”用基数词来表示（年代前用in） 【例如】：在1987年：in 1987(读作：in nineteen eighty-seven)在2008年：in 2008(读作：in two thousand and eight / twenty o/əʊ/ eight)在1900年：in 1900(读作：in nineteen hundred)在1809年：in 1809(读作：in eighteen o/əʊ/ nine)在2000年：in 2000(读作：in two thousand / twenty hundred) 2）月的表示“月”用表示月份的名词表示，名词首字母大写（月份前用in）【例如】：在一月：in January  在五月：in May【拓展】：January(一月), February(二月), March(三月), April(四月), May(五月), June(六月), July(七月), August(八月), September(九月), October(十月), November(十一月), December(十二月) 3）月、日的表示“月”用英语中表示月份的名词表示，“日”用基数词或序数词都可以表示（日期前用on）【例如】：在10月1日：on October 1(1st) (都读作：on October (the) first) on 1(1st) October(都读作：on the first of October) 4）年、月、日的表示（日期前用on）英语中表示日期的顺序通常为“月—日—年”或“日—月—年”，“年”前用逗号隔开【例如】：在1986年9月1日：on September 1st(1), 1986 on 1st(1) September, 1986 【典例】：(   ) 1. (2018. 一中系) There are_______ months in a year, September is the ______ month of the year.A. twelve; nine B. twelfth; nineth C. twelve; ninth解析：本题考查数词的用法。句意为“一年有十二个月，九月是一年中的第九个月。”由句意可知，第一空为基数词twelve，第二空为序数词ninth，故答案为C。答案：C(   ) 2. (2017. 长郡系) There are_______days in a week, Sunday is the_______day of a week in many western(西方的) countries.A. seven; one B. seven; first C. seven; oneth  D. seventh; one解析：本题考查数词的用法。句意为“一周有七天，星期天是一周的第一天。”由句意可知，第一空填基数词seven，第二空填序数词first，故答案为B。答案：B【演练】：(   ) 1. (2016. 长郡系) Mother’s Day is ________in May. A. the first Sunday B. the second Sunday C. the third Sunday D. the second Saturday(   ) 2. May is_________ month of the year.A. fiveth B. the fifth C. fifth(   ) 3. The ______lesson is easier than Lesson________.A. five; Six B. fifth; Sixth C. fifth; Six  I. 单项选择(   ) 1. (2018. 沈阳毕业考改编) December is ________month of a year.A. twelfth B. the twelfth C. the twelveth(   ) 2. (2018. 江苏毕业考改编) Forty and_______ is seventy.A. threety B. thirteen C. thirty(   ) 3. (2018. 江苏毕业考改编) There are seven________ pupils in my school.A. hundred B. hundreds C. hundreds of(   ) 4. (2017. 河北毕业考改编) Are you in __________?A. Class 11, Grade 7 B. class 11, Grade 7 C. Class 11, grade 7(   ) 5. (2017. 江苏毕业考改编) Today is May _________.A. the twenty six B. the twenty-six C. the twenty-sixth(   ) 6. (2017. 辽宁毕业考改编) The tree is two _______old.A. hundred-year B. hundreds years C. hundred years(   ) 7. (2017. 浙江毕业考改编) My flat(公寓) has________floors. I live on the ______floor.A. eighteen; eight B. eight; eighteenth C. eighteen; eighth(   ) 8. (2017. 山东毕业考改编) _______ of students in our class live in school.A. Two fifth B. Two fifths C. Second five(   ) 9. (2017. 江西毕业考改编) Bill is _______ in the row(行，排).A. three B. the third C. third(   ) 10. (2017. 江苏毕业考改编) —When is your birthday?  —_____________.A. It’s on the 2nd of May B. It’s on the 2 of May C. It’s on the 2nd May II. 用所给单词的正确形式填空11. (2018. 一中系) Summer is the___________(two) season.12. (2018. 一中系) September is the___________(nine) month of the year.13. (2018. 一中系) There are about one ___________(hundred) people over there.14. (2018. 一中系) The ___________(twelve) month of a year is December.15. (2018. 一中系) March is the ___________(three) month of the year.16. (2018. 一中系) I think the___________(five) lesson is the most difficult in this book.17. (2018. 一中系) Jason is the___________(one) to put on his clothes.18. (2018. 一中系) There are four seasons in a year, and summer is the_________(two) of a year.19. (2017. 一中系)Tomorrow is her___________(nine) birthday. Let’s plan a party for her.20. There are ___________(hundred) of flowers in the park.   I. 单项选择(   ) 1. —What’s the time?  —It’s__________.A. five forty-one B. five forty-first C. forty-one to five(   ) 2. She lives in_________.A. 206 Room B. Room 206 C. 206 room(   ) 3. There are_________days in a year.A. three hundred and sixty-five B. three hundreds and six-fiveC. three hundred and sixty five(   ) 4. Today is ________.A. the first of May B. the one of May B. the first May(   ) 5. —When is the Teachers’ Day in China?  —It’s on________.A. November 5th B. December 25th C. September 10th(   ) 6. —How many teachers are there in your school?—___________ teachers. I’m not sure.A. Hundreds B. Hundreds of C. One hundred (   ) 7. The Yellow River is_________ longest river in China.A. second B. the second C. two(   ) 8. I think that the ________ century(世纪) will bring us more hopes.A. twenty-one B. twentieth-first C. twenty-first(   ) 9. About _________of the books in our school library are written in Chinese.A. fourth fifths B. four fifth C. four fifths(   ) 10. “Seven five” can be written_______________.A. five seven B. five to seven C. five past seven IV. 用所给单词的正确形式填空11. (2017. 一中系) He was the___________(eight) to come into the classroom this morning.12. (2017. 一中系) Jack lives on the ___________(thirty) floor.13. Sandy is___________(five) years old.14. Tom was the___________(one) to get to school.15. There are___________(hundred) of people in the park.16. The shop is on the___________(five) Street.17. The third classroom is bigger than Classroom___________(twelve).18. Today it’s his___________(twenty) birthday.19. There are ___________(four) seasons in a year.20. February is the___________(two) month of a year.       
参考答案第五讲  数词【演练】：（一）AAC  （二）BBC【真题演练】：I. 1-5BCAAC  6-10 CCBBAII. 11. second    12. ninth   13. hundred   14. twelfth     15. third  16. fifth      17. first    18. second     19. ninth      20. hundreds【巩固提升】：1-5 ABAAC  6-10 BBCCC  11. eighth    12. thirtieth    13. five        14. first      15. hundreds  16. fifth     17. Twelve     18. twentieth   19. four      20. second