仁爱版英语八年级下册巩固练习+知识讲解18Unit 6 Enjoying Cycling（句式）

Unit 6 Enjoying Cycling

综合能力演练

                                       责编：刘燕

I. 单项选择。

    1. —What about going shopping together?

   —Sorry, I have a lot of homework ____.

   A. do      B. to do   C. doing   D. did

2. —What did the teacher say just now?

—He asked them ____ the math problem.

A. discussing B. discussed C. to discuss D. discuss

 3. —I’ll go on a visit to Mount Huang.

—____

A. Thank you.  B. Have a good trip.   C. Never mind.  D. My pleasure.

4. —Mary can’t help ____ the house. Why?

—Because she is busy ____ a hotel reservation.

A. to clean; making B. cleaning; making

C. cleaning; to make  D. to clean; to make

5. My father was watching TV ______ my mother was cooking.

A. when B. until C. while D. as soon as

6. —Shall we go on a field trip to Tenglong Cave by bike?

—No. It’s ____ far ____ cycle. Let’s choose other vehicles.

A. too; to   B. so; to     C. too; not to    D. so; that

7. —We’ll go hiking if it ____ rain tomorrow.

  —That would be fine.

  A. isn’t       B. won’t   C. don’t   D. doesn’t

8. —I’m sorry that John is out.

—Please ask him to call me as soon as he ____.

A. returned B. returns C. will return D. is returning

    [真题链接]

1. －It’s important for us to know _________ all the subjects.（2015年河北省中考）

－Yeah，group work is my favorite.

A．how to study  B．when to study   C．which to study  D．what to study

2. This food is free．You don’t have to _________ it. （2015年河北省中考）

A．look for     B．pay for  C．ask for   D．wait for

3. Thanks to the robots, the human reporters do not have to spend a lot of time _______ boring numbers and information. （2015年山东省临沂市中考）

A．processing  B．to process C．processed  D．process

II. 阅读理解。

A

  Many people like to travel by plane, but I don’t like it because the airport is usually far from the city. You have to get there early and wait for hours for the plane to take off which is often late. You can’t open the windows. You can’t choose the food. Planes are fast, but it still takes hours to get out of the airport and into the city.

I like travelling by train. I think trains are safe. Railway stations are usually good in cities. When you are late for a train, you can catch another one. You can walk around in the train and open the windows. You can see many interesting things on your way, though it takes a little more time.

I also like cars. You can start your journey whenever you want to, and you don’t need to get to a railway station or a bus stop. Also you can carry many things with you in a car. But sometimes there are too many cars on the road.

1. Why do many people like to travel by plane?

 A. Because it is fast.

 B. Because it is safe.

 C. Because you can walk around in the plane.

 D. Because it is cheap.

2. Which is not the good thing about the train?

 A. It is safe.   B. It takes a little more time.

 C. You can open the window.  D. You can walk around in the train.

3. If you want to take a lot of things with you, what will you take?

 A. A bus.   B. A car.       C. A train.     D. A subway.

4. What is the bad thing about the car?

 A. You needn’t go to a railway station.

 B. You can start your journey when you want to.

 C. There are too many cars on the road.

 D. You needn’t go to a bus stop.

5. According to the passage, which sentence is true?

 A. He thinks taking a plane takes a lot of time to go to and get out of the airport.

 B. He likes to take a train because it takes a little more time.

 C. He likes to take a car because he has a car.

 D. He likes to take a plane because he can choose the food.

B

（2015年江苏省常州市中考）

阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。

Any time of the day you can devote to exercising is a good time for getting active, but if you want to make a healthy fitness plan, it may be helpful to keep several points in mind and find out the best time to exercise.

First, try to know what kind of person you are. Especially, are you an early bird who always wakes up early in the morning, or a night owl(猫头鹰)who almost never goes to bed before midnight? Once you are generally aware of what your sleep characteristics are, you will understand better when your body needs exercise, either early in the morning, sometime during the day, or later on in the evening.

    Second, consider your daily plan. When do you seem to be most busy, and when do you plan your most important tasks? Try to fit in your exercise before or at least around these events if possible, so that you can keep exercising and your life won’t be affected(影响) as well.

    Third, think about when you feel you have the most energy. For most people, that time is usually in the morning after a good night’s rest, or after a long day of work. After a busy or much stressful day, exercising can reduce your working stress from hard work.

    Lastly, find out the place you plan to do exercise. Your house provides exercise at any time if you own fitness equipment(设备), but if there is a gym(健身房)down the street or along the way home from work, it will make it more suitable for you to exercise.

More importantly, you need to make a plan and try sticking to it for one week. If you do so and can get through the exercise without being pulled in another direction, make it a habit. And once you have set up your fitness plan, don't make any great changes to it unless your doctor allows you to.

Ⅲ. 书面表达。

根据以下中文提示，以“Travel”为题写一篇60—80词的短文。

1. 当你对工作或学习感到厌烦时，可以选择旅行。休闲的同时也可以领略大自然的美丽风光，呼吸新鲜空气，结交新朋友，散心等。

2. 有时旅行会有烦恼，如天气多变、被雨淋湿等。

3. 出发前应充分了解天气情况，最好结伴同行，可以互相照应，以免发生意外。

提示词语：be tired of doing sth., enjoy the beauty of nature, breathe, prepare yourself, companion, cause accident ...

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

参考答案

Ⅰ. 单项选择。

  1. B。用不定式作后置定语，修饰其前面的名词homework。故选B。

2. C。固定结构ask sb. to do sth. 意为“请求/要求某人做某事”。故选C。

3. B。考查交际用语。当听到对方说将去旅行时，应礼貌地说“旅途愉快！”故选B。

4. A。be busy doing sth. 意为“忙于做某事”。句意为“玛丽不能帮助打扫房屋是因为她正忙于预订宾馆”，因此上句应是help (sb.) (to) do sth. 意为“帮助（某人）做某事”。故选A。

5. C。考查时间状语从句中连词的用法。题意为“父亲在看电视，而母亲正在做饭”。故选C。

6. A。too…to…表示“太……而不能……”之意，后面的“to”已含有“不能”之意，不必再加not。故选A。

7. D。由if引导的条件状语从句，主句为一般将来时，从句应用一般现在时。主语是第三人称单数，rain是实义动词。故选D。             

8. B。在含有时间状语从句的主从复合句中，若主句使用一般将来时，从句则使用一般现在时。此句中的主句是祈使句，它表示的动作还没有发生，相当于一般将来时。故选B。

[真题链接]

1. A。考查特殊疑问词辨析。由答语中的“group work is my favorite”可知，知道如何去学习所有学科很重要。how意为“怎样，如何”，符合题意。故选A。

2. B。考查动词短语辨析。look for意为“寻找”；pay for意为“支付”；ask for意为“请求”；wait for意为“等待”。由“This food is free．”可知，你不用付钱。故选B。

3. A。考查spend的固定结构。spend+时间+(in) doing sth．意为“做某事花费多少时间”。故选A。

II. 阅读理解。

A

 1. A。由第一段最后一句“Planes are fast, ... ”得知，飞机是因为速度快而被人们接受的。

 2. B。由第二段最后一句“…though it takes a little more time.” 可知，火车的缺点是旅行耗时长。

 3. B。由第三段倒数第二句“Also you can carry many things with you in a car. ”可知是乘小汽车。

 4. C。由最后一句“But sometimes there are too many cars on the road. ”可知只有C项为汽车的缺点，其他选项不合题意。

 5. A。由第一段最后一句“Planes are fast, but it still ... ”得知唯有A项符合文章意思。

B

6. Remember

7. understanding

8. from

9. less

10. agreement

III. 书面表达。

Travel

Travel is a very good activity. When you are tired of working or studying, or when you have time, you can go to a beautiful place to enjoy the beauty of nature. You can breathe fresh air, make some new friends, relax yourself and so on.

But sometimes it may cause trouble. The weather often changes. You may get wet in the rain and may have a cold. You should prepare yourself carefully before your trip. You should know something about the weather. You’d better find a companion so that you can help each other to avoid accidents. In this way, you’ll have a wonderful trip.

Unit 6 Enjoying Cycling

词汇精讲精练

       责编：刘燕

句式精讲 

1. It’s too far to cycle.

  too…to…意为“太……而不能”。它在结构形式上是肯定的，但意义上却表示否定含义，所以动词不定式符号to前不能再加not，只接动词原形即可，too后接形容词或副词原形。例如：

  The book is too difficult to understand. 这本书难于理解。

【拓展】

 （1）在too…to…句型中，当动词不定式的动词是不及物动词，其后所跟的介词不能省略。例如：

      The room is too small to live in. 这房间太小了不能住。

 （2）在too…to…句型中，当动词不定式的宾语实际上就是这个句子的主语时，动词不定式后面不能再加代词作宾语。例如：

      The question is too difficult to answer. 这个问题太难了，无法回答。

 （3）在too…to…句型中，当动词不定式能确切说明动作执行者时，可以在动词不定式前面加上逻辑主语，即for sb.形式。例如：

      The box is too heavy for him to carry. 箱子太沉了，他搬不动。

 （4）含too…to…的句子可以改写成so…that…句型，意为“如此……以至于……”。例如：

      He is too old to do hard work. =He is so old that he can’t do hard work. 

他年纪太大而不能干重活。

 （5）含too…to…的句子也可以用“not + 形容词/副词 + enough to do sth.”句型来替换，但注意要用原句中形容词或副词的反义词。例如：

      He is too old to do hard work. =He is not young enough to do hard work.

他年纪大了，不能做重活。

2. I have some exciting news to tell you.

  to tell you由to+动词原形构成的动词不定式，在句子中作定语，放在所修饰的名词之后。例如：

Do you know the best way to learn English well?

你知道学好英语的最佳方法吗？

【注意】

动词不定式作定语时，总是后置，不定式与其所修饰的词构成逻辑上的动宾关系，而该不定式为不及物动词时，其后须加上适当的介词，构成及物动词短语。 例如：

I am looking for a room to live in. 我正在找一间屋子住。

I need a piece of paper to write on. 我需要一张写字用的纸。

【拓展】

不定式还有以下用法：

（1）作主语。例如：

To see is to believe. 眼见为实。

（2）作宾语。这样的动词有：want; hope; ask; decide等。例如：

I want to be a football player. 我想成为一名足球运动员。

（3）作宾语补足语。这样的动词有：ask; teach; want; tell; allow等。例如：

He asked me to come here in time. 他叫我及时到达这里。

（4）作表语。例如：

My wish is to become a famous pianist.

我的愿望就是成为一名著名的钢琴家。

3. Why don’t we go out for the day?

   “Why don’t +主语（名词或代词）+动词原形+其他？”相当于“Why not+动词原形+其他？”并不表示疑问，而是征求意见和提出建议。例如：

   Why don’t you go swimming? = Why not go swimming? 为什么不去游泳呢？

   — Why not play football with us? 为什么不和我们去踢足球呢？

   — That sounds like a good idea. 这是个好主意。

4. While Jane was singing, I was reading a book.

  while 作连词，意为“当……时候”，引导时间状语从句，并且是主句和从句动作同时发生，从句中的动词必须是延续性动词或表状态，且常用进行时态。例如：

  He came in while I was watching TV. 当我在看电视时，他进来了。

 【拓展】

while; when与as的辨析：

（1）while强调动作同时进行，从句常用进行时，其动词必须为延续性动词或表状态。例如：

He was watching TV while she was cooking.

她做饭时，他在看电视。

（2）when既可指动作同时进行，也可指先后发生，从句中的动作既可是延续性动词，也可是非延续性动词。若是同时发生且为延续性动词，则可与while互换；若when作并列连词，表示“就在那时，这时候”则只能用when，并且when引导的从句只能放在后面。例如：

When the alien got out, the girl was shopping. = While the girl was shopping, the alien got out.

当外星人出来时，小女孩在购物。

We were watching TV when there was a knock at the door.

我们在看电视，这时有人敲门。

（3）as多指主句从句两动作同时发生，常翻译为“一边……一边……”。例如：

They talked as they walked. 他们边走边谈。

5. Bicycle riding is good exercise.

  bicycle riding为动名词短语，在句子中做主语。动名词作主语时，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。例如：

Swimming is good for our health. 游泳对我们的健康有益。

【拓展】

动名词和不定式都可以作主语，但在用法上有区别：

（1）不定式作主语通常表示一次性、未来的且具体的特指动作，而动名词作主语通常表示习惯性、经常性和不具体的泛指动作。例如：

Walking is a good form of exercise for both the young and the old.

步行对年轻人和老年人来说都是一种好的锻炼形式。

To carry the heavy box is not easy for the boy.

对这个男孩来说，搬这个箱子是不容易的。

（2）动名词作主语和不定式作主语有时可以互换。例如：

Playing with fire is dangerous. = To play with fire is dangerous. 玩火是危险的。

6. If people obey the traffic rules, there will be fewer accidents.

        if做连词，意为“如果”。本句是含有if引导的条件状语从句的复合句，要注意：if 条件状语从句中，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表示将来。遵循“主将从现”原则。另外，主句也可以用祈使句或含有情态动词的句子。例如：

We will go to the park if it doesn’t rain tomorrow.

如果明天不下雨，我们就去公园。

Don’t wait for me if I am late.

如果我晚了就不要等我。

If you want to lose weight, you must eat less bread.

如果你想减肥，你必须少吃面包。

7. We should never ride too fast.

  should作情态动词，意为“应当，应该”。表示义务、责任，可用于各种人称，无人称和数的变化，也不能单独作谓语，只能和动词一起构成谓语，表示说话人的语气和情态；否定形式为should not，缩写为shouldn’t。其主要用法有：

 （1）表示责任和义务，意为“应该”。例如：

  You should take your teacher’s advice.

你应该听从你老师的建议。

  You shouldn’t be late for class.

你不应该上课迟到。

 （2）表示推断，意为“可能，该”。例如：

  The train should have already left.

火车可能已经离开了。

句式精练

I. 补全对话。

   （2015年河南开封市通许县中考一模）

根据下面的对话情景，在每个空白处填上一个适当的句子，使对话的意思连贯、完整。

A: Hello! May I speak to Rita?

B: This is Rita. 1. _________________________?

A: Hi, Rita. This is Candy. Would you like to go to Xian ping Park(咸平公园）tomorrow?

B: Great! I’d like to. What time shall we start?

A: 2. _________________________?

B: All right, 8 o’clock is fine. Oh, 3. _________________________?

A: It will be sunny. So please bring your sunglasses. By the way, do you have Jack’s telephone

number? He’ll go with us.

B: 4. _________________________. I’ll call him later. But where shall we meet together tomorrow?

A: At our school gate.

B: OK. 5. _________________________?

A: We can take NO. 2 bus to there.

B: See you tomorrow.

A: See you.

II. 句型转换，每空一词。

1. Why don’t you go to school earlier?(改为同义句)

____ ____ go to school earlier?

2. Get up early, or you will be late.(改为同义句)

____ ____ ____ get up early, you ____ be late.

3. Shanghai is larger than any other city in China.(改为同义句)

Shanghai is ____ ____ ____ in China.

4. The train ticket cost him ￥120. (对划线部分提问)

   ____ ____ ____ the train ticket ____ ____?

5. It often takes about 16 hours to go from Beijing to Shanghai by train. (对划线部分提问)

____ ____ ____ it often ____ to go from Beijing to Shanghai by train?

6. Tony doesn’t know which book he should choose. (改为同义句)

Tony doesn’t know which book ____ ____.

7. I would like to come to China for my vacation. (改为一般疑问句)

____ ____ like to come to China for ____ vacation.

8. It’s very hard to work out the math problem.(同义句)

_____ _____ _____ the math problem is very hard.

9. Tom gets a letter from his father every month. (改为同义句)

Tom ____ ____ his father every month.

10. Lucy will give a phone call to her friend. Lucy will get off the plane. (用as soon as合并为一

句)

Lucy will give a phone call to her friend ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____.

III. 根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词。

1. 你收到李伟的来信了吗？

Did you _______ ________ Li Wei?

2. 他们在盼望着游览北京。

They are _______ _______ _______ _______ Beijing.

3. 我想只有Peter能想出这些奇怪的主意。

I think only Peter can _______ ________ these strange ideas.

4. Jane 经常在星期天帮她妈妈打扫房间。

Jane often ______ her mother ______ the room.

5. Michael建议我们筹钱。

Michael ______ us ________ _______ _______.

  6. 看！康康正在看电视而明明正忙着做作业。

Look！Kangkang               TV while Mingming is busy       his homework.

7. 你能帮我们做个参观长城的计划吗？

Would you help us                     to visit the Great Wall?

8. 我很高兴收到你的明信片。

I’m          to        your postcard.

9. 走路大约需要两个半小时。

  It’s about               ________         ________on foot.

10. 那个男孩看起来不同意妈妈的意见。

   The boy seemed to               his mother.

参考答案

I. 补全对话。

   1. Who is that (speaking)?  

2. What/How about 8 o’clock?

3. How will the weather be tomorrow?  

4. Yes, I do.  

5. How can we get there?

II. 句型转换, 每空一词。

1. Why not   2.If you don’t; will   3. the largest city   4.How much did; cost him  

5. How long does; take   6. to choose  7. Would you; your    8. To work out  

9. hears from   10. as soon as she gets off the plane

III. 根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词。

1.hear from   2.looking forward to visiting    3.think of     4.helps; clean

5.advised to raise money  6. is watching; doing  7. make a plan

8. glad/ happy; receive   9. two and a half hours / two hours and a half   10. disagree with