仁爱版英语八年级下册巩固练习+知识讲解17Unit 6 Enjoying Cycling（词汇）

这是一份仁爱版英语八年级下册巩固练习+知识讲解17Unit 6 Enjoying Cycling（词汇），共10页。
Unit6 Enjoying Cycling词汇精讲精练责编：刘燕词汇精讲  1. enjoy    enjoy是及物动词，意为“喜爱；享受……的乐趣”，后接动词的-ing形式作宾语，不接动词不定式。例如：    I enjoy Chinese food very much. 我很喜欢中国食物。I enjoy working with you very much. 与你工作我很愉快。【拓展】enjoy oneself意为“玩得开心；过得愉快”，相当于have fun/have a good time。例如：    Do you enjoy yourself at the party? = Do you have fun/have a good time at the party?你在聚会上玩得开心吗？2. price  price是可数名词，意为“价格，价钱”。例如：  She bought the house at a high price. 她以高价买了那个房子。【拓展】 （1）price表示价格高低常用high与low，而某物的贵与便宜常用expensive和cheap。例如：  The price of the apples is low. 苹果的价格低。  The apples are cheap. 苹果很便宜。 （2）询问物品价格有两种表达方式：  How much is it/does it cost?  What’s the price of…?3. pay       pay是动词，意为“花费”，其过去式和过去分词为“paid”。它的主语一般是人，常用结构为：sb. pay money for sth. 意为“某人为某物付钱”。例如：I paid 200 yuan for the coat. 我花了200元买那件外套。【拓展】表示“花费”的词spend; take; cost和pay辨析：词语主语结构spend人(sb.)sb. spends + 时间或金钱+ (in) doing sth. /on sth.takeit作形式主语It takes sb. some time to do sth.(真正主语)pay人(sb.)sb. pays + 金钱+ for sth.coststh.(物)sth. costs sb. + 金钱例如：  I spent 3 hours (in) doing /on my homework yesterday. 昨天我花了三个小时做作业。  It took me four hours to go to Wuhan by bus. 乘公共汽车去武汉花了我四个小时。  I paid six yuan for the pen. 我花了六元钱买这支笔。  My English book cost me five yuan. 我的英语书花了我五元钱。4. receive  receive是及物动词，意为“收到，接到，得到”，其后可接介词from。receive a letter from sb.相当于hear from sb.，意为“收到某人的来信”。例如：  I received a letter from my mother. 我收到母亲的一封来信。【拓展】  receive与accept的辨析：两个词都作动词用，都表示“接受，收到”之意，但在用法上有所不同。receive表示客观上收到，而accept表示主观上接受。例如：  I received his invitation to the party yesterday, but I refused to accept it. 昨天我收到了他的晚会请柬，但我拒绝接收。5. direction       direction 名词，意为“方向，指南；用法说明，指示，命令”。例如：They finally found the right direction. 他们终于找到了正确的方向。【拓展】in the direction 朝……方向；在……方向in all directions 四面八方；全面地；向各方面in the direction of 朝……方向，向……方向right direction 正确方向opposite direction 相反方向；敌对方向6. find out       find out意为“找到，发现，查明”，多指通过调查、询问、打听、研究之后“弄明白”。通常含有“经过困难、曲折”之后才找出难以找到的东西。例如：       Please find out when the train leaves. 请查一下火车什么时候离站。【拓展】      （1）find是动词，意为“找到”，通常指找到或发现具体的东西，强调的是找的结果。例如：He didn’t find his book. 他没有找到他的书。      （2）look for意为“寻找”，是有目的地找，强调找的动作。例如：Jim is looking for his little dog. 吉姆正在找他的狗。7. among   among 意为“在……中间”，一般用于三者或三者以上的，其宾语通常是一个表示笼统数量或具有复数意义的名词或代词。例如：His house is hidden among the trees. 他的房子隐藏在树林之中。She sat among the children. 她坐在孩子们中间。【拓展】between一般指两者之间，其宾语往往是一个具体数目的人(物)，或者是由and连接的两个具体的人(物)。例如：    There was a fight between the two boys. 这两个男孩间发生了一场格斗。    I am sitting between my parents. 我正坐在我父母中间。8. notice（1）notice作名词，意为“布告，启事”，是可数名词。例如： We have put a notice of renting these flats in the newspaper. 我们已经在报上登了出租这几套房的启事。（2）notice作名词，意为“预告，警告”，是不可数名词。例如： These rules can’t be changed without notice. 这些规则不预先通知不可以随便更改。（3）notice作名词，意为 “注意”，是不可数名词。常用的词组有: take notice of sb./sth.意为“注意某人/某物”。例如： Take notice of what they say. 注意听他们说。（4）notice作动词，意为“注意到，留心，看到”。常用于notice sb. do sth.意为“注意到某人做某事”（注意到某人作某事的全过程）或notice sb. doing sth.“注意到某人正在做某事”（表示正在进行的动作）。例如：Did you notice Jack come in? 你注意到杰克进来了吗?Did you notice his hand shaking? 你有没有注意到他的手在抖?9. look out  look out意为“小心，注意”，用于祈使句，是提醒对方“小心”的常用语。例如：Look out! There is a car coming. 当心！汽车过来了。【拓展】Watch out! 当心，小心！Be careful! 小心，注意！10. careless   careless作形容词，意为“粗心的；漫不经心的”。其反义词为careful，意为“小心的，仔细的”。例如：A careless driver is a danger to us all. 粗心的司机对我们大家都是一种危险。Jenny was careless to let out the secret. 珍妮不小心泄露了秘密。【拓展】less是表示否定意义的形容词后缀，这样的单词还有：hopeless“无望的”； sleepless“不眠的”；useless“无用的”；harmless“无害的”；selfless “无私的”等。11. experience（1）experience用作及物动词，表示“体验，经历”等。例如：I experienced a lot of difficulties. 我经历了许多困难。Have you ever experienced any jungle life？你曾经体验过丛林生活吗？【注意】有时experience的过去分词experienced也用作形容词。例如：Even experienced teachers can make mistakes. 即使有经验的教师也可能犯错误。（2）experience用作不可数名词，表示“经验”；而表示“经历，感受”时，通常是可数名词。例如：Experience is the best teacher.   经验是最好的老师。My father has rich experience in teaching English. 我的爸爸在英语教学方面有丰富的教学经验。The car accident was a terrible experience to him.那次车祸对他来说是一次很可怕的经历。12. sendsend是及物动词，意为“寄，发送”，过去式和过去分词都是sent，其后能接双宾语，即send sb. sth.=send sth. to sb.。例如：He sent me a postcard. = He sent a postcard to me. 他寄给我一张明信片。【拓展】动词接双宾语时，有两种结构：（1）动词+间接宾语(sb.) +直接宾语(sth.) 例如：Please give me a pen. 请给我一支笔。（2）动词+直接宾语(sth.) +介词(for/to) +间接宾语(sb.)能接双宾语的动词可分为两类：1）常用介词to的动词有：send; give; show; bring; show; teach; tell等。例如：  give sb. sth. = give sth. to sb. 意为“给某人某物”。     show sb. sth. = show sth. to sb. 意为“向某人展示某物”。2）常用介词for的动词有：buy; sing; make; cook; get等。例如：  buy sb. sth. = buy sth. for sb. 意为“给某人买某物”。    make sb. sth. = make sth. for sb. 意为“给某人制作某物”。 词汇精练I. 英汉互译。       1. go on a visit to … _________  2. make the decision _________ 3. 查明，发现__________       4. raise money _________       5. 期盼(做)某事_________    6. 收到某人的来信________       7. advise sb. to do sth. _________    8. 一……就_________      9. go camping _________       10. ……怎么样？ _________II. 根据句意及首字母和汉语提示写出所缺单词。1. Next Sunday they will go on a spring f_______ trip.2. We d______ to go there by airplane.3. The t_______ time of riding from my home to our school is ten minutes.4. We must make sure that we are in         (安全) now.5. We must pay a         to the traffic lights when we cross the road.6. Rose is a _______(普通的) flower. We can easily get it in a flower shop.7. Can you believe so many books cost Helen only 5 d_______?8. If you want to live more comfortably, you’d better buy a ______(冰箱). 9. The bicycle is one of the most important        (交通工具) in the world.10. Japan is to the e     of China.III. 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。1. —How about going ____ (camp) this weekend?—That’s a good idea!2. When you go to a new place, you should remember the ____ (direct). 3. We ____ (notice) the bad man run out of sight quickly just now. 4. Tom is looking forward to ____ (receive) his father’s letter, because his father works far away. 5. The conditions in the hotel will make you feel ______ (comfort).6. _______ (travel) by car is very pleasant.7. It took us half an hour ________ (find) out the cost by train.8. Cycling is popular because it doesn’t cause air _________(pollute).9. David was so _________(care) that he made many mistakes.10. —Computer games are more and more interesting.—I _________(agree) with you. I think we shouldn’t play too much.Ⅳ. 选择适当的引导词完成句子。when， while，  not…until,   before， as soon as…  1. Kate __________wake up ________the telephone rang.2. Don’t speak ________ you are eating.3. We were talking_________ the teacher came in.4. Lily turned off the lights__________she left the room.5._______________ the bell rings, the students will go into the classroom.V．听力链接。（2015年宁夏自治区中考）听一段独白，然后根据所听内容完成61-65小题。（每空词数不限）。61. Mike is talking about           .62. Mike often spends two hours in the evening,           his friends.63. Mike has Chinese lessons             a week at school.64. Mike wants to study the          of Ningxia.65. Mike thinks his life is        .  参考答案I. 英汉互译。        1. 去……参观、旅游   2. 做决定  3. find out   4. 筹钱  5. look forward to (doing) sth.  6. hear from   7. 建议某人做某事  8. as soon as  9. 去野营 10. how about…/ what about…II. 根据句意及首字母和汉语提示写出所缺单词。1. field     2. decide/ decided    3. total   4. safety   5. attention6. common   7. dollars   8. fridge/ refrigerator   9. vehicles   10. eastIII. 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。1. camping  2. direction  3. noticed    4. receiving   5. comfortable6. Traveling    7. to find   8. pollution   9. careless   10. disagreeⅣ. 选择适当的引导词完成句子。1. didn’t, until  2. while  3. when  4. before  5. As soon as  V．听力链接。答案：61. his daily life / his everyday life62. e-mailing (emailing) / sending e-mails (e-mails ) to 63. five times64. history 65. busy 听力材料：M：Hello，everyone! I’m Mike．I’d like to tell you something about my daily life．I like to use the Internet all the time．I often spend two hours in the evening，e-mailing my friends．But my mother told me not to use the Internet for two hours every night anymore．So from now on，I can only use it for one hour every day．I am going to Ningxia to study its history next year so now I am working hard to save a lot of money and study Chinese．I have Chinese lessons five times a week at school and I go to my Chinese friend’s house to take Chinese lessons three times a week．    My life is busy．What about yours?     
Unit6 Enjoying Cycling综合能力演练                                        责编：刘燕I. 单项选择。   1．It’s impossible for us ____ there on foot in two hours.    A. to get   B. get    C. getting    D. got   2．—Though Mike is ____ boy, he can say many words.    —How clever!   A. an-one-year-old  B. a one-year-old   C. an one-year old D. a one-year old3. I want ____ the answer to the problem. Could you help me?A. to come up with B. coming up with C. come up with D. came up with4. The foreign visitors ____ watching Beijing Opera at Haidian Theater. A. looks forward to  B. looking forward toC. are looking forward to  D. will look forward to5. —How much did your new car ____ you? —￥800 000. A. spend B. pay C. cost D. take6. You’d better ring up your parents ____ you get there.    A. when        B. until      C. while      D. as soon as7. It took us ____ to finish this work.    A. three hour and a half      B. three and a half hour   C. three and half hours       D. three and a half hours8. Many animals are not found ____ else. They are extinct (灭绝的). A. anywhere B. everywhere C. in anywhere D. in everywhere9. Mr. Wang used to ____ to work, but now he gets used to ____ to work.A. drive; ride B. drive; riding C. driving; ride D. driving; riding10. When I first learned English, I was afraid of ____ English with others. A. speak B. speaks C. speaking D. spoke   [真题链接]1. —What do you think of her teaching English? （2014年湖北省咸宁市中考）—Great! No one teaches          in our school.A. good B. worse    C. better    D. best2. My sister ______ goes to bed early because she needs a lot of sleep every day. （2014年江西省中考）A. always      B. sometimes     C. hardly     D. never3. — It’s smoggy these days. That’s terrible! （2014年昆明市中考）— Yes, I hope to plant trees.________ trees, ______air pollution.A. The more; the fewer       B. the less; the moreC. The less; the fewer        D. The more; the lessII. 完形填空。Mr. Smith works in New York. Last month he had a fifteen-day holiday, but he didn’t know where to spend it. He spoke to his friend Bill, “I   1  the hot weather, but I can’t find a cool place in America. How should I spend my holiday?”“That’s easy,” said Bill, “You’d   2  to Moscow. Snow and ice are covering the ground now. ”Mr. Smith agreed   3  his friend. He bought an air ticket and soon   4  Moscow. He had a happy trip there, but one day he  5  . After lunch he went outside the city, he saw a dog   6  him while he   7    past(走过) a house. The dog was hungry and wished him to give it some food to eat. Bad luck! He had no piece of bread or cake in his pockets. He tried to drive it away. But it began to bark at(对……大叫) him. He wanted to look for a stick but he couldn’t find anything   8  snow and ice. Suddenly he saw a stone on the ground. He hurried to   9  but failed.“How strange Russians are!” Mr. Smith said to himself, “They don’t tie dogs, but firmly (紧紧地)  10   the stones. My God!”1. A. like          B. unlike         C. not like       D. hate2. A. would go     B. would not go    C. better go      D. better to go3. A. to           B. with           C. at           D. about4. A. arrived in     B. arrive in        C. reach        D. reached in5. A. made a mistake                 B. get into trouble C. got into trouble                 D. find the trouble6. A. to follow      B. is following     C. followed      D. following7. A. was walking   B. walked         C. was crossing   D. crossed8. A. except        B. besides         C. beside        D. without9. A. picked it up    B. picked up it     C. pick it up      D. pick up it10. A. tied         B. lied            C. tie           D. lieIII. 阅读理解。ACome to Austria(奥地利)!Soll is a village in the mountains in Western Austria, and a local(当地的) family opens a Hotel Post there. The hotel is clean and not expensive. From the hotel you can see the whole village, the forest and the mountains. Temperatures in summer are usually around 20℃ to 25℃ in the daytime, but much cooler in the evening.Enjoy Thailand(泰国)!When you visit Bangkok in Thailand, don’t miss the early morning river boat trip to the Floating Market just outside the city. There you will find many kinds of fruit and vegetables. There you can buy them when you sit in your boat. Don’t forget your hat—the sun can be strong and it may be as hot as 40℃at midday!Visit Hawaii(夏威夷)!Maybe the most beautiful place in Hawaii is Kauai. You can visit its long beaches(沙滩) in the south and west of the island(岛), and mountains and forests in the north, but be careful—there are many mosquitoes(蚊子), and don’t be surprised if it rains in the center of the island. Daytime temperatures there are usually around 24℃to 26℃by the sea, and only a little cooler in the late evening. 根据短文内容，完成下列各题。1. If you stay at the Hotel Post, you’ll see the whole village, the forest and _________________.2. At the Floating Market you can buy things in ____________________________.3. Because the sun is strong in Bangkok, you should bring ____________________________.4. In the north of Kauai Island there are ____________________________.5. The warmest place of the three is ____________________________. B（2014年泰安市中考）Bikes are popular in the Dutch(荷兰). In fact, nearly half of all travel in the Dutch is by bike. Now, one Dutch bike designer(设计师), Thomas, has taken the country’s interest in bikes by making a school bus bike.The big bike has eight sets of pedals(踏板) for kids, a driver seat for an adult, and three other seats, comfortably letting little kids for their trip to and from school. The bike even has a motor, which can help with high hills or at times when few kids on it.So far, Thomas tells Fast Company, he’s sold 25 school-bikes, at a price of $ 25,000 each—less than it would cost to buy a traditional school bus with the same number of seats. Along with the traditional color, the bikes, are colored yellow so that they can be seen easily.Thomas says he’s sold school bus bikes to neighboring countries such as Belgium, England and Germany, but so far, the school bus bike hasn’t been sold in the United States. If the U.S. agrees to buy this kind of school bus bike, it could do a lot of good to improve exercise for a young age and help them keep healthy.6. How do people in the Dutch usually go to work?A. By car.         B. By bus.         C. By bike.        D. On foot.7. How many seats does the school bus bike have?A. Three.         B. Eight.           C. Nine.           D. Twelve.8. The school buses are yellow in the Dutch because _______.A. the color yellow is easy to paintB. yellow buses can be seen easilyC. yellow is the national color of DutchD. it’s the designer’s favorite color9. Which country of the following hasn’t bought a school bus bike?A. America.       B. Germany.       C. England.        D. Belgium.10. Which of the following is TRUE？A. Thomas made a new kind of school bus.B. A school bus usually costs $ 25,000.C. Thomas sold bikes to Asian countries.D. Riding school bus bikes helps keep kids healthy. 参考答案Ⅰ. 单项选择。1. A。考查不定式作真正主语的结构，其句型结构为：It+be+adj. (+for sb. )+to do sth.。故选A。2. B。one-year-old是复合形容词，其结构为“基数词+名词+形容词”。三个单词之间须用连字符，故排除C和D；该复合词以one开头且one是以辅音音素开头，所以其前用不定冠词a。故选B。3. A。考查固定搭配。want to do sth. 意为“想(要)干某事”，加不定式作宾语。come up with意为“想出、想到”。故选A。4. C。考查固定搭配。look forward to doing sth. 盼望做某事，注意这里的to是介词, 后跟名词或动名词。因京剧是中国的国粹，一般来到中国的参观者都想看，所以用现在时。故选C。5. C。考查动词“花费”的用法。当物作主语时，常用cost；it作主语时，常用take，其句型结构为：It takes sb. some time to do sth. ; 人作主语时，既可用spend也可用pay, 其区别为：sb. +spend + time/money on sth./(in) doing sth. ; sb. +pay money for sth. 题目中主语为物。故选C。 6. D。本题考查时间状语从句中连词的用法。句意为“你最好一到那儿就给你父母打电话”。故选D。7. D。三个半小时的正确表达是：three and a half hours或three hours and a half。故选D。8. A。anywhere在任何地方，用于否定句和疑问句，everywhere到处；两词均不用介词修饰。句意为“许多动物是其他地方没有的”。故选A。9. B。used to do sth.过去常常做某事；be used to doing sth.习惯于做某事，句意为“王先生过去常开车上班，但现在习惯于骑车上班”。故选B。10. C。be afraid of doing sth.意为“害怕做某事”。故选C。[真题链接]1. C。本句意为：——你认为她教的英语怎么样？——太棒了！我们学校没有老师可以比她更好。此处用good的比较级形式。2. A。句意：我妹妹总是很早上床睡觉，因为她每天需要很多睡眠时间。本题考查频度副词辨析。always总是；sometimes有时；hardly几乎不；never从不。根据句意可知选择A项。3. D。本题意为：——这些天烟雾弥漫。太糟糕了！——是的，我希望多种些树，树木越多，空气污染越少。the+比较级。表示 “越……越……”。air pollution为不可数名词，故用less，所以本题答案应为D。II. 完形填空。   1. D。根据下一句，在美国找不到一个凉爽的地方可知，史密斯先生不喜欢炎热的天气。   2. C。固定搭配，had better do sth. 意为“最好做某事”。   3. B。固定搭配，agree with sb. 意为“同意某人的观点”，而agree to sth. 表示同意某种观点。   4. A。全文均为一般过去时，故此处也用过去时。reach是及物动词，可直接跟地点，而arrive是不及物动词，其后要加in/at再跟地点; arrive in跟大地点；arrive at跟小地点。   5. C。make a mistake意为“犯错误”；get into trouble意为“陷入困境，遇到麻烦”；find the trouble意为“发现困难”。根据文章内容可知，那天史密斯先生是遇到麻烦。6. D。固定搭配，see sb. doing sth. 意为“看见某人正在做某事”， see sb. do sth. 意为“看见某人做某事的全过程”。   7. A。while引导的时间从句前后动作同时进行。walk past意为“走过”，cross本身含有“穿过”之意，不必另加介词了。   8. A。except意为“除……之外（而不包括）”，besides意为“除……之外（包括）”。故此处选except最佳，因为史密斯先生除了雪和冰之外就找不到别的什么了。   9. C。pick up是“动词+副词”构成的短语，当代词作宾语时应放在pick和up中间。另外，介词to后加动词原形。故选C。   10. C。tie意为“栓，系，结”，而lie意为“位于”。III. 阅读理解。A1. the mountains。由第一段“From the hotel you can see the whole village, the forest and the mountains.” 可知。2. your boat。由第二段“There you can buy them when you sit in your boat.”可知。3. your hat。由第二段“Don’t forget your hat—the sun can be strong and it may be as hot as 40℃ at midday！”可知。4. mountains and forests。由第三段第二句“and mountains and forests in the north”可知。5. Bangkok in Thailand/Thailand。由第一段可知Austria西部某地的白天气温为20℃-25℃；由第二段可知Bangkok in Thailand 的阳光强烈，中午气温可达到40℃；由第三段可知Kauai的白天气温通常为24℃-26℃。比较三个地点的温度，便可得出答案。B6. C。由第一段的前两句话Bikes are popular in the Dutch(荷兰). In fact, nearly half of all travel in the Dutch is by bike.可知近乎一半的荷兰人都骑自行车上班，故答案选C。7. D。由第二段的The big bike has eight sets of pedals(踏板) for kids, a driver seat for an adult, and three other seats, 大的自行车有八套孩子的踏板，一个成年的司机座椅，和其他三个座位，可知校车一共有12个座位，故答案选D。8. B。由倒数第二段的最后一句话Along with the traditional color, the bikes, are colored yellow so that they can be seen easily.可知学校校车的颜色是黄色的是因为：它们可以很容易地被发现。故答案选B。9. A。由最后一段的第一句话but so far, the school bus bike hasn’t been sold in the United States.可知美国目前还没有出售校车。10. D。由本文的最后一句话it could do a lot of good to improve exercise for a young age and help them keep healthy可知骑自行车可以使学生们保持健康。故答案选D。