英语七年级下册Unit 1 People around us教学设计

这是一份英语七年级下册Unit 1 People around us教学设计，共13页。教案主要包含了学习目标，课前小测，要点梳理，当堂小测，家庭作业等内容，欢迎下载使用。
七下U1  People around us语法  冠词【学习目标】1.掌握冠词在句子当中的用法；2.区分定冠词与不定冠词的用法【课前小测】一、请在横线上填上a或an： 1._________ dog                      2. ________ old bike    3.________ student                   4._________ egg 5._______ useful book            6.______ long umbrella  7. ________ green apple        8.______ European country 9.  _______ hour                  10. ____ _ unhappy boy   11.miss ______ “m”                12.________ 8—year plan 二、单项选择   1．—Does Jim have _______ ruler？     —Yes，he has _______ ．     A．an；some   B．a；one   C．a；／   D．any；one   2．There is _______  old bike._______ old bike is Mr Zhao's．       A．an ；The   B．the；An  C．a；The   D．the；The   3． _______ apple a day keeps the doctors away．        A．The    B．A    C．An    D．Two   4．—How many books do you have？  —I have _______  book．That's _______  English book．        A．a；an    B．a；one    C．one；an   D．one；one   5．At that time Tom was _______ one-year-old baby．         A．a      B．an      C．the      D．／   6．We can't see _______  sun at _______  night．          A．the；the     B．the；／   C．a；／      D．／；／三、在下列句中空白处填入适当冠词，不需用冠词处划×。   1．There is _______ picture of _______  elephant on _______  wall．   2．This is _______  useful book．I've read it for _______ hour．   3． _______ elephant is much heavier than _______  horse．   4． _______ doctor told him to take _______  medicine three times _______ day．   5．Let's go out for _______  walk一1. a  2. an  3. a  4. an  5. a  6. a  7. a  8. a  9. an  10. an  11. an  12. an二1. B  2. A  3. C  4. C  5. A  6. B三1. a ; an ; the  2. a ; an  3. An ; a  4. The ; the ; a  5. a【要点梳理】不定冠词1. 不定冠词a和an的相同点与不同点(1) 相同点：a / an与one同源，均可表示“一”的概念，一般用在可数名词的单数形式前，用来表示泛指的某人或某物。如：He has an English book. 他有一本英语书。(2) 不同点：① a始终出现在以辅音音素开头的字母或单词前。即使是元音字母开头但读音是辅音音素的加不定冠词时也要用a。如：a bike 一辆自行车；  a university 一所大学② an始终出现在以元音音素开头的字母或单词前。即使是以辅音字母开头，如果读音是元音音素开头，也要用an。如：an egg 一个鸡蛋；an hour 一个小时2. 不定冠词的用法展示(1) 在可数名词的单数前泛指人或物的某一类。如：My father is a doctor. 我爸爸是医生。  (2) 用于表示数量“一”，但意义上没有one强。如：I work eight hours a day. 我一天工作8个小时。  (3) 第一次提到某物或某人，使用a或an，起介绍的作用。如：There is a pen on the table. And the pen is mine. 桌子上有一只钢笔，这支钢笔是我的。  (4) 用在序数词前表示“再一，又一”。如：He ate one apple, but he wanted a second one. 他吃了一个苹果，但是他想再要一个。  (5) 用于某些固定词组中。如：a little   一点、一些      a few   一点、一些a lot ( of ) 许多，大量      a kind of   一种after a while 过了一会儿     in a minute   立刻、马上once upon a time   从前     have a rest   休息一会儿have a look 看一看      in a hurry   匆忙3. 使用不定冠词时的注意事项(1) 当形容词修饰名词时，冠词要放在形容词的前面，用a或an取决于这个形容词的读音。如：My mother bought me a nice watch. 我妈妈为我买了一块好看的手表。(2) 有些单词的拼写以辅音字母开头，但读音却以元音音素开头，这时要用an。如：I’ll help you finish the work in an hour. 一小时内我帮你完成这项工作。(3) 有些单词的拼写以元音字母开头，但读音却以辅音音素开头，这时要用a。如：My brother works as a teacher in a university. 我哥哥在一所大学里当教师。定冠词1. 定冠词the的读音(1) 置于辅音音素前，读作[ðə]。如：the pen(2) 置于元音音素前，读作[ði]。如：the apple(3) 在单独朗读或重读时，读作[ði:]。但在实际交流中，很少发这个音。2. 定冠词the的用法(1) 特指某（些）人或某（些）物，这是定冠词的基本用法。如：Please open the window. 请打开窗户。  (2) 指谈话双方都知道的人或物。如：—Where is the teacher? 老师在哪？—Sorry, I don’t know. 对不起，我不知道。(3) 指上文提到过的人或物。如：I had a present today. The present came from my mother. 我今天收到一件礼物，这件礼物是我妈妈送的。(4) 用在世界上独一无二的事物前。如：The earth turns round the sun. 地球围绕太阳转。(5) 用在表示西洋乐器的名词前。如：My sister can play the violin very well. 我妹妹小提琴拉的很好。(6) 序数词和形容词最高级前用the。如：The biggest apple is mine. 那个最大的苹果是我的。They were the first to arrive at the party. 晚会上他们最早到达。(7) 用在方位名词前。如：The weather’s often cold in the North and windy in the East. 北部的天气常常寒冷，东部则常常刮风。(8) 用在姓氏的复数前表示“全家人或夫妇两人”。如：The Smiths are going to Hainan Island next year. 史密斯一家人明年打算去海南岛。(9) 用在某些形容词前，表示“某一类人”。如：the young 年轻人   the old 老年人  the poor 穷人       the blind 盲人(10) 用在普通名词构成的专有名词前。如：the Summer Palace 颐和园  the Great Wall 长城(11) 用在某些固定词组中如：in the morning 在上午   all the year round 一整年   in the open air 在露天         on the way 在途中     in the end 最后、终于 3. 冠词的位置冠词的位置比较固定，一般置于名词（词组）或名词化的形容词之前。但由于名词前修饰语的搭配要求不同，冠词的位置也呈现一些变化，具体情况如下：(1) 位于下列词之后：such, what, many, half。如：What a fine day! Let’s go out to play. 多好的天气啊！让我们出去玩玩吧！(2) 副词rather可放在不定冠词前，也可置于其后。放在其前时语气较强，置于其后时语气较弱。如：It’s a rather difficult job. 这份工作颇为难做。It’s rather a difficult job. 这份工作真的很难做。(3) 定冠词通常位于名词或名词修饰语前，但需放在all, both, double, half, twice, three times等之后，名词之前。如：First of all, he wrote out a long list of all the foods which were forbidden.首先，他写了一张长长的单子，上面列出了所有禁止吃的食物。零冠词1. 不用冠词的几种情况(1) 如果名词前已经有指示代词（this, that, these, those）、形容词性物主代词（my, his, our…）或名词所有格等限定词时，不用冠词。如：I can wait, but my toothache can’t. 我能等，但我的牙痛等不了啊。(2) 复数名词泛指一类人或事物时。如：Children shouldn’t tell lies. 小孩子不应该说谎。(3) 在表示学科、三餐、球类运动、棋类运动的名词前。如：After breakfast, I sent the children to school. 早饭后，我送孩子们去上学。注意：当“三餐”前有形容词修饰或特指某顿饭时，其前可用冠词。如：I had a quick breakfast and rushed to work. 我快速地吃完早饭，便匆匆上班去了。(4) 在一些专有名词、物质名词和抽象名词前。如：Music can bring people pleasure. 音乐能给人们带来乐趣。(5) 在表示语言、疾病、颜色的名词前。如：The sky slowly changed from blue to red. 天空慢慢由蓝色变为红色。(6) 在表示星期、月份、季节、节日的名词前。如：He’ll arrive in Guiyang on Monday. 他将于星期一到达贵阳。注意：① 如果月份、季节等名词被其他限定词修饰，则需要加定冠词。如：in the spring of 1982   在1982年的春天② 由festival构成的中国特有的节日前要加the。如：the Spring Festival 春节 the Lantern Festival 元宵节(7) 与by连用的表交通工具的名词前不加冠词。如：Every day I go to school by bike. 我每天骑自行车上学。注意：若用介词on或in表示乘某种交通工具，名词前需用冠词或其他限定词。如：on a bike 乘自行车  in / on the bus 乘公共汽车  in my car 乘我的小汽车(8) 在表示人名、国名、称呼语或头衔等的专有名词前。如：Beijing is the capital of China. 北京是中国的首都。(9) 在某些固定短语中，不用冠词。如：day and night 日日夜夜   hand in hand 手牵手  at first 最初，首先         at home 在家     go swimming 去游泳         go shopping 去购物总结：冠词使用口诀 名词是秃子，常要戴帽子，可数名词单，须用a或an，辅音前用a，an在元音前，若为特指时，则须用定冠，复数不可数，泛指the不见，碰到代词时，冠词均不现 【总结】 【当堂小测】一、单项选择 1. One afternoon he found ______ handbag．There was ____ “s”on the corner of _____  handbag．      A．a；an；the     B．a；a；the    C．an；an；an   D．the；a；a   2. _______ old lady with white hair spoke _______  English well at _______ meeting．      A．An；an；a   B．The；／；an  C．The；／；a   D．The；／；the   3. _______ Great Wall is _______  longest wall in the world．           A．A；a    B．The；the    C．A；the    D．The；a   4. _______ woman over there is _______  popular teacher in our school．         A．A；an   B．The；a      C．The；the  D．A；the   5. Beijing is _______  beautiful city．It's _______  capital of China．          A．a；a    B．the；the    C．／；the    D．a；the  6.His father is _______  English teacher．He works in our school．         A．a      B．an       C．the    D．／    7.Does Tom often play _______  football after _______  school？        A．／；／     B．／；the      C．the；／      D．a；／   8.They passed our school _______  day before yesterday．          A．an      B．one       C．a       D．the   9. She has _______  orange skirt． _______ skirt is nice．         A．a；The  B．an；The   C．an；A   D．the；The  10.This is _______  apple．It's _______ big apple．        A．an；a   B．a；the    C．a；an    D．an；the  11.Look at _______  horse over there．         A．a       B．an        C．the      D．／  二、冠词填空：在下列句中空白处填入适当冠词，不需用冠词处划“ / ” 1.It's too hot．Open _______ door，please．   2.There is _______ woman over there． _______ woman is Meimei's mother．   3. _______ sun rises in _______  east．   4. _______ Chang jiang River is _______  longest river in _______  China．  5.Are you going to do it _______  second time？  6.Washington is _______  capital of _______  USA．  7. He joined the army in _______  spring of _______ 1995．  8._______ old man is _______ teacher．He likes playing ______ basketball after ______  supper．  9.After I had _______  quick breakfast，I hurried to school．  10.They went to _______  People's Park，but we both went to _______ People's Cinema yesterday．  11.I often watch _______  TV in _______  evening．  12.Tomorrow is _____ Christmas Day and my father and I went to choose ___ Christmas tree today．  13.I think _______  maths is more important than any other subject．  14.He often goes to _______  school by _______  bike．三、冠词填空 This is（1）________photo of（2）_______Greens. They have just welcomed（3）______youngest baby last month. （4）_______ girl with long hair is Mary. She plays（5）_______violin very well and got（6）_______ first prize in（7）_______competition at（8）_______age of five.      And（9）_______ boy is Tom. He’s very kind and always helps（10）_______old cross（11）_______street. He has（12）_______ camera.（13）_______ camera was given by his father. He hopes they can visit（14）_______ Great Wall and dreams to fly to（15）_______ moon one day!一1. A  2. D  3. B  4. B  5. D  6. B  7. A  8. D  9. B  10. D  11. C二1. the  2. a ; The  3. The ; the  4. the ; the ; /  5. the  6. the ; the  7. / ; /  8. The ; a ; / ; / 9. a   10. the ; the  11. / ; the  12. / ; a  13. /  14. / ; / 三1. a  2. the  3. the  4. The  5. the  6. the  7. a  8. the  9. the  10. the  11. the  12. a  13. The  14. the  15. the 【家庭作业】一、单选。(   )1.  Which is bigger, ____Sun or ____ Earth?     A. a, a   B. a, the     C. the, the  D. the, a(   )2. ____woman over there is ____English teacher. A. The, an  B. The, the  C. An, the     D. An, an(   )3.This is ____ egg. ____ egg is big.　　A.a;A    B.an;An     C.a;The   D.an;The(   )4.Lily bought ____new dress and ___dress is beautiful. A. the, a    B. a, a  C. the, the  D. a, the(   )5.—What does your grandma____?   —She is a thin woman ___ grey hair.    A. look like; has        B. like; has      C. look like; with       D. like; with(   )6. Mary wants to be ______ good doctor when she grows up.　　    A. a    B. an     C. the          D. /(   )7.--Will you stay for ______ supper（晚餐）with us?    --Sure, I’d love to. Home cooking is just what I like.     A. a       B. an       C. the        D. /(   )8.-Who is ______ girl behind the tree？     -Which one？The one with ______ umbrella？    A．a； the    B．the； an     C．the； a(   )9. Brazil（巴西）, _____country in South America, will hold ____31st Olympic Games in August, 2016.    A.a; a    B. a; the      C. the; a  D. the; the(   )10.---Do you know____girl with long curly hair？    ---Yes．She is Mary．She plays____piano very well．      A．a；/     B．the；/       C．the；the    D．a；the(   )11.The teenagers had _____ good time in the summer camp in their sister school．         A．a        B．an       C．the   D．/(   )12.He always helps__________ the housework.         A．with      B．for C．in D．to二、冠词填空（不需要填冠词的填“/”）。  Jack is（1）_______ American boy. He lives in London. He studies in（2）_______ secondary school and he is （3）_______good student in his school. Jack gets up at 7:30 from Monday to Friday. He often has（4）_______glass of milk,（5）_______egg and some bread for（6）______breakfast. He goes to（7）_______school at 8:30 by（8）_______bus and gets there at 8:50.（9）_______first class starts at 9 o'clock.   Now it is 8 o'clock in（10）_______morning. What is Jack doing? He is drinking（11）_______ milk and eating （12）_______ bread. "Have（13）______banana, Jack, "his mother says. "No, thank you, Mum. I have no time. I must go to（14）_______school now," he replies. Then he runs to catch（15）_______bus to school.三、全国中考冠词专项练习1.Jason likes ______ shape of the cake. It is ______ heart.A. the; a   B. a; the   C. the; the  D. a; a2.Beijing is _____ capital of China.A. a    B. an   C. the   D. /3.—What's _____ matter with you?—I have _____ fever.A. an, the   B. the, /   C. the, a4.—Do you know ______ girl with long curly hair?—Yes. She is Mary. She plays ______ piano very well.A. a; /   B. the; /   C. the; the  D. a; the5.In Chinese, _____ date 5-20 has a similar pronunciation to “I love you”, making it ______lucky and romantic day.A. a; the   B. /; a   C. the; a   D. a; /6.—Excuse me. Where is ______ school library?—This way, please.A. an    B. the   C. a7.—Kate, are you ______ only child in your family?—Yes, but _____ new baby is on the way.A. a; the   B. an; the  C. the; a   D. the; the8.—Have you read a book called “The Merchant of Venice”?—Yes. _______ book is very interesting. A. An   B. A   C. The   D. /9. When leaders of Chinese mainland（大陆）and Taiwan met in Singapore for _____ first time since 1949, President Xi said, “Today will be remembered in _____ history.”A. the; the    B. the; /   C. /; /   D. /; the10.She went to a European university to study art. ______ university is really amazing. A. An   B. The   C. A11.—Do you know _______ woman in red?—Yes, she is a professor of ______ Anshun College.A. the; /   B. a; /   C. the; an  D. the; the12.—Mary, who's _____ woman over there?—She's my aunt, ____ English teacher.A. the; the  B. a; the   C. a; an   D. the; an13.The young man from _____ European country has stayed in the room for _____ hour.A. a; an   B. an; a   C. an; an14.—What's your dream job, Lucy?—I want to be _____ doctor.A. a    B. an   C. the   D. /15.—What can I do for you, sir?—I want _____ iPhone 6S plus for my wife as _____ useful gift.A. an; a   B. a, an   C. an; the  D. a; a16.“Running Man” is _____ very popular TV program in China.A. /    B. a    C. the17.The family will have _______ good time in Shanghai Disneyland.A. a    B. an   C. the   D.\18.—Is that _____ apple tree?—Yes. My father planted it in 2008.A. a    B. an   C. the19.To be ______ good dancer，you need to learn more.A. the   B. a    C. an20.David is ______ eight-year-old boy with short black hair.A. /    B. a    C. an   D. the21._____ apple a day keeps the doctor away.A. A    B. An   C. The   D. /22.Edward and William are brothers. There is _____ uncommon similarity between _____ two boys.A. an; /   B. an; the  C. a; /    D. a; the23.—What do you usually have for breakfast?—Some bread, _______ egg and a glass of milk.A. a    B. an   C. the24.The teenagers had _____ good time in the summer camp in their sister school.A. a    B. an   C. the   D. /25.—Does your mother go to work by bike every day?—No. She sometimes takes _____ bus.A. a    B. an   C. /26.We will have ______ reading festival this term, and we can't wait for it.A. a    B. an   C. the   D. /27.Cheer up! You will get _____ A in the listening test.A. a    B. the   C. an   D. /四．全国中考冠词专项练习1.I want to be _______ engineer when I grow up.A. a      B. an     C. the2.She is ______ eight-year -old girl.A. a      B.an       C .the3.There is ________ tall man in front of the zoo gate.A. a        B. an       C. the     D. /4.Look! There is ______ bottle on the table. A. a        B. an      C. the     D. /5.Jack is such _____ friendly boy. He gets along well with his classmates.A. a          B. an        C. the6.I want to be ______ police artist. It’s ______ interesting job.A. a; the     B. a; an     C.an; the      D. the; the7.—What do you think of the boy?—He is ___honest student today and _______ useful man tomorrow.A. a; an    B.an; a     C. an; an      D. a; a8.Christine is selling her house, but on _______ other hand she doesn’t want to move.A. a      B. an     C. the     D. /9.Beijing is _______ capital of China. A. a         B. an     C. the       D. /10.Last summer I went to see _______ Terracotta Army(秦始皇兵马俑) in Xi’an. It was fantastic.A. the       B.an      C. a         D./11.______ moon is very bright at night. .A. A         B. An      C. The   D. /12.—Do you know ______ boy over there?—Yes, he is my brother, Li LeiA. the      B. an        C. a13.Every evening my daughter plays _____ piano for an hour.A. the       B. a     C. /          D. an14.Dangal (《摔跤吧！爸爸》), ___  Indian film, has become one of ___ most popular films in China.A. a; /       B. a; the     C. an; the    D. /;the15.---When will ______ car race begin?   ---I'm not sure. Maybe next week, or maybe ______ week after next.A. a; the       B. an; the    C. the; a     D. the; the16.Dear children, this is ______ unusual exam. ______ exam is very important to you. Please take it easy. Wish you good results.A. an; The     B. a; the     C.an; An17.China, _____ home of tea, has _____ history of more than 4000 years.A. the; the   B. a; a     C. a; the       D. the; a18.The boys often play _______ basketball after school.A. /          B. a         C. an       D. the19.They stopped in _____ beautiful place for camping, near _____ farm house of the Smiths.A. a; a        B. the; a     C. a; the       D. the; the20.Shenzhen is on _____ coast near Hong Kong. It was _____ small village many years ago.A. a; the 　   B. the; a 　  C. 不填; 不填 D. the; the21.—Did you get up late this morning?—Yes, so after ______ quick breakfast, I had to run to office.A. /         B. the     C. a一1. C  2. A  3. D  4. D  5. C  6. A  7. D  8. B  9. B  10. C  11. A  12. A二1. an  2. a  3. a  4. a  5. an  6. /  7. /  8. /  The  10. the  11. /  12. /  13. a  14. /  15. a 三．1-5  ACCCC   6-10  BCCBB   11-15ADAAA    16-20  BABBC   21-25  BBBAA  26-27 AC四．1-5  BBAAA   6-10 BBCCA    11-15 CAACD    16-20 ADACB  21 C