新高考英语语法填空专题练习含答案详解

这是一份新高考英语语法填空专题练习含答案详解，共29页。

语法填空1

Passage 1
Visitors to China may be amazed at many souvenir shops ___77___ the service of “Seal Engraving(刻印) ” is readily available. To the Chinese，a seal was for many ___78___ (century) a symbol of power. The emperor’s seal ___79___(call) Xi, and it gave authority to all his ministers, and governments at different levels all issued orders with official seals. In other words, the seals stood ___80___ different levels of government and their matching powers.
The art of seal-engraving can date back to more than3,000 years to the Yin Dynasty when the cuttings of words on tortoise shells were the only way that the ideas of human being could ___81___(record) . It developed rapidly in the Qin Dynasty when people engraved their names on tools and documents ___82___(claim) ownership in social contacts.
Today, stone is the most widely used material in seal engraving. Among all he stones, Shoushan stones, which come from the ___83___(north) part of Shoushan, Fujian Province, ___84___ (be) the most famous.
Nowadays, seals are still widely used, and the art of seal engraving has become more, not less, popular ___85___ ever before. This art form, ____86____(consider) uniquely Chinese for a long time, is appreciated by many foreigners.
【答案】77．where78．centuries79．was called80．for81．be recorded82．to claim83．northern
84．are85．than86．considered
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国的篆刻和印章文化。
77．
考查定语从句。句意：到中国的游客可能会惊讶于许多纪念品商店，那里的“篆刻”服务是现成的。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词shop，先行词在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where引导。故填where。
78．
考查名词的数。句意：对中国人来说，几个世纪以来，印章一直是权力的象征。century为可数名词，由many修饰应用复数形式。故填centuries。
79．
考查时态语态。句意：皇帝的印章叫做玺，它赋予他所有的大臣权力，各级政府都用公章发布命令。根据后文“it gave authority”可知用一般过去时，主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为The emperor’s seal，谓语用单数。故填was called。
80．
考查介词。句意：换句话说，印章代表着不同级别的政府及其相应的权力。结合句意表示“代表”可知短语为stand for。故填for。
81．
考查动词语态。句意：篆刻艺术可以追溯到3000多年前的殷代，当时的甲骨文是记录人类思想的唯一方式。此处主语与谓语构成被动关系，且could后跟动词原形。故填be recorded。
82．
考查非谓语动词。句意：在秦朝，人们将自己的名字刻在工具和文件上，以在社会交往中宣称自己的所有权。分析句子结构可知claim在句中应用非谓语动词形式，此处作目的状语，应用不定式。故填to claim。
83．
考查形容词。句意：在所有的石头中，最著名的是来自福建寿山北部的寿山石。修饰后文名词part应用形容词northern，作定语。故填northern。
84．
考查主谓一致。句意：在所有的石头中，最著名的是来自福建寿山北部的寿山石。此处主语为Shoushan stones，时态为一般现在时，故谓语用复数。故填are。
85．
考查介词。句意：如今，印章仍然被广泛使用，篆刻艺术比以前更受欢迎，而不是更不受欢迎。表示“比”应用介词than。故填than。
86．
考查非谓语动词。句意：这种长期以来被认为是中国独有的艺术形式，受到许多外国人的欣赏。分析句子结构可知consider在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语art form构成被动关系，故用过去分词。故填considered。

Passage 2
With the arrival of the digital age, traditional occupations like doctor, lawyer and banker have lost favor among young Chinese people. Instead, they intend ___36___ (choose) new occupations that are largely related to the Internet.
According to a survey ___37___ (publish) by China Youth Daily in November, ___38___ involved 2,010 young people, nearly 60 percent of respondents said they would like to try a new occupation. Among all these new jobs, the most popular was electronic gamer, according to the Blue Book of China’s Society by the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences. And 27 percent preferred to work as a social media writer. Another 20 percent wanted to host a live streaming show.
In fact, this trend isn’t unique ___39___ China. Over three-quarters of young people in the UK would like to consider ___40___ career in online videos, according to a survey by the UK-based travel firm First Choice.___41___ (interesting), money is not a main factor. “The ___42___ (big) attractions are creativity, fame and the opportunity for self-expression, with money in fourth place,” commented The Sun.
Despite the ___43___ (popular) of new occupations, experts suggest that young people should be sensible when they choose one. “After all, not everybody is suitable ___44___ has the ability for it,” the chief research officer at the Tencent Center for Internet & Society, ____45____ (tell) China Daily.
【答案】36．to choose##choosing37．published38．which39．to40．a
41．Interestingly42．biggest43．popularity44．or45．told
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇议论文。主要论述了随着数码时代的到来，年轻人对一些传统职业像教师、医生等失去偏爱，而更爱选择与网络相关的工作。
36．
考查固定搭配。句意：相反，他们打算选择与互联网有很大关系的新职业。intend to do或intend doing为固定搭配，意为“打算做某事”。故填to choose/choosing。
37．
考查过去分词。句意：根据《中国青年报》11月发布的一项调查，涉及2010名年轻人，将近60% 的受访者表示他们愿意尝试一个新的职业。分析句子可知，由于publish与所修饰词survey之间是被动关系，应使用过去分词作后置定语。故填published。
38．
考查定语从句。句意：根据《中国青年报》11月发布的一项调查，涉及2010名年轻人，将近60% 的受访者表示他们愿意尝试一个新的职业。分析句子可知，空处应使用which，引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中充当主语，修饰先行词survey（指物）。故填which。
39．
考查介词。句意：实上，这种趋势并不是中国独有的。be unique to为固定搭配，意为“为…所特有”。故填to。
40．
考查不定冠词。句意：英国旅游公司 First Choice 的一项调查显示，超过四分之三的英国年轻人希望从事在线视频职业。分析句子可知，空处应使用不定冠词，修饰career，表泛指。由于career为辅音音素开头，其前用a。故填a。
41．
考查副词。句意：有趣的是，金钱并不是主要因素。分析句子可知，空处应使用副词，作状语，修饰整个句子。句子首字母大写。故填Interestingly。
42．
考查形容词最高级。句意：《太阳报》评论道: “最吸引人的是创造力、名望和自我表达的机会，金钱排在第四位。”根据空前的the可知，应填biggest，构成比较级最高级，表达“最大的”之意。故填biggest。
43．
考查名词。句意：尽管新职业很受欢迎，专家建议年轻人在选择职业时应该明智。根据空前的the可知，空处应使用抽象名词popularity，表达“受欢迎”之意。故填popularity。
44．
考查连词。句意：“毕竟，不是每个人都适合或有能力做到这一点。” 腾讯互联网与社会研究中心的首席研究员告诉《中国日报》。分析句子可知，空处应使用转折连词or，连接is suitable和has the ability这两个并列成分。故填or。
45．
考查动词。句意：“毕竟，不是每个人都适合或有能力做到这一点。” 腾讯互联网与社会研究中心的首席研究员告诉《中国日报》。分析句子可知，句子为一般过去时。应使用过去式told，作谓语。故填told。

Passage 3
Henry was walking along the street ____46____ he found a ____47____(tailor) shop. ____48____(see) his shabby clothes, the clerks looked down ____49____ him and wanted to get him out quickly. When Henry ____50____(tell) them he had only one bill and was afraid they didn’t have any small change, they laughed at him. Not until Henry took out ____51____ large bill he had mentioned did they realize what he said was true. Then the owner and the clerks did what they could ____52____ (please) Henry and said they didn’t worry about ____53____ (wait) a long time to get ____54____(pay), trying to keep this _____55_____(wealth) customer.
【答案】46．when47．tailor’s48．Seeing49．on##upon50．told51．the52．to please
53．waiting54．paid55．wealthy
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Henry拿着一张百万英镑的钞票进入一家服装店购物时发生的故事。
46．
考查状语从句。句意：亨利正在街上走，突然他发现了一家裁缝店。be doing…when…为固定句型，意为“正在做……这时……”。故填when。
47．
考查名词所有格。句意同上。A tailor’s shop意为“裁缝店”，此处用名词所有格修饰名词。故填tailor’s。
48．
考查非谓语动词。句意：看到他衣衫褴褛，职员们都瞧不起他，想赶快把他弄出去。空处需填非谓语动词作状语，the clerks和see为逻辑上的主谓关系，需用现在分词形式，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Seeing。
49．
考查固定短语。句意同上。look down on/upon为固定短语，意为“看不起“。故填on/upon。
50．
考查动词时态。句意：当亨利告诉他们他只有一张钞票，担心他们没有零钱时，他们嘲笑他。根据“had”和“was”可知，此处陈述过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时。故填told。
51．
考查冠词。句意：直到亨利拿出他提到的那张大钞，他们才意识到他说的是真的。根据上文“one bill”可知，此处第二次提到bill，需加定冠词the表示特指。故填the。
52．
考查非谓语动词。句意：然后老板和店员们尽他们所能让亨利高兴，并说他们不担心等待很长时间来拿到钱，试图留住这个富有的顾客。此处需填动词不定式作目的状语。故填to please。
53．
考查非谓语动词。句意同上。about为介词，后面需加动名词作宾语。故填waiting。
54．
考查非谓语动词。句意同上。get done为固定用法，空处需填过去分词作表语。故填paid。
55．
考查形容词。句意同上。修饰名词customer需用形容词作定语。故填wealthy。

Passage 4
Hanfu, meaning “Han clothing”, is based on the costumes ____36____ (wear) by China's Han ethnic (种族的) group in the past. Some of the most popular styles are from the Ming, Song and Tang ____37____ (dynasty).
In recent years, it ____38____(become) popular though there are some opposite views. About three-quarters of Hanfu lovers are between 16 and 24 years old. Members of this generation often see it ____39____ a way to rediscover Chinese traditional culture. It's pretty exciting ____40____ (see) young Chinese people building up their self-confidence and developing their individuality to show the world what they love. For more Chinese, this dress style might become a good starting point to ____41____ (far) explore the beauty of China's long history and rich culture.
Li Siting, president of the Hunan Hanfu Culture Promotion Association, often communicates with people from ____42____ (variety) places. Last year, she attended the 7th Chinese music conference in Wuhan, ____43____ she met overseas Chinese culture lovers ____44____ (come) from Japan, France, Argentina and other places for the first time. Many people think Hanfu is not only the perfect bridge for young people to connect with Chinese culture, _____45_____ a medium to promote Chinese culture.
【答案】36．worn37．dynasties38．has become39．as40．to see41．further42．various
43．where/ and44．coming45．but
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国汉服文化。
36．
考查非谓语动词。句意：汉服，意思是“汉服”，是基于中国汉族过去所穿的服装。wear与costumes是逻辑动宾关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语，表被动。故填worn。
37．
考查名词复数。句意：一些最流行的风格来自明、宋、唐时期。根据Ming, Song and Tang可知，此处指三个朝代，应用名词复数。故填dynasties。
38．
考查动词时态。句意：近年来，它变得流行，尽管有一些相反的观点。根据In recent years可知，此处应用现在完成时。故填has become。
39．
考查介词。句意：这一代的人往往将其视为重新发现中国传统文化的一种方式。根据句意可知，此处表示“将其视为”，应用介词as。故填as。
40．
考查非谓语动词。句意：看到中国的年轻人建立他们的自信，发展他们的个性，向世界展示他们喜欢的东西是非常令人兴奋的。此处是固定句型It’s+adj.+to do sth.故填to see。
41．
考查副词比较级。句意：对于更多的中国人来说，这种服装风格可能成为进一步探索中国悠久历史和丰富文化之美的一个很好的起点。根据语境可知，此处指“进一步”，修饰动词explore，应用副词比较级further。故填further。
42．
考查形容词。句意：湖南汉服文化促进会会长李思婷经常与来自各地的人交流。此处修饰名词places，应用形容词various，指“不同的地方”。故填various。
43．
考查定语从句或连词。句意：去年，她在武汉参加了第七届中国音乐大会，在那里她第一次遇到了来自日本、法国、阿根廷等地的海外华人文化爱好者。此处可以使用定语从句，先行词是Wuhan，在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导；也可以使用并列连词and，构成并列句。故填where或and。
44．
考查非谓语动词。句意：去年，她在武汉参加了第七届中国音乐大会，在那里她第一次遇到了来自日本、法国、阿根廷等地的海外华人文化爱好者。come与lovers是逻辑主谓关系，应用现在分词，作定语，表主动。故填coming。
45．
考查连词。句意：许多人认为汉服不仅是年轻人与中国文化沟通的完美桥梁，而且是推广中国文化的媒介。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处是not only…but (also)结构。故填but。

Passage 5
A concrete bookstore under____41____（construct）in Wisdom Bay innovation park in Shanghai will be the first 3D-printed bookstore in China, and it is due to open to the public at the end of January, 2021.
"The bookstore was printed on-site in three weeks,” He Yuting,____42____is responsible for this project, from Tsinghua University School of Architecture in Beijing, told the Global Times on Thursday. The printing work has finished and the bookstore will____43____（decorate）,   He told the reporter.
____44____（compare）with simple works such as a 3D-printed flower basin, the bookstore is an innovative attempt in the architecture field, as the 3D-printed architecture is____45____（cheap）than conventional construction techniques and saves time, He said.
____46____makes this bookstore so unique, is that “we used fiber concrete to resist compression,” He added,____47____（note）that the floor also has a heating system.
He mentioned the 3D-printed bookstore is as safe as traditional concrete construction based on their experimental data in____48____（term）of structure and earthquake resistance.
So far, different teams in France, Switzerland and Russia all____49____（have）similar research on 3D-printed concrete technology,____50____China’s research and achievements in this field are among the best in the world, according to He.
【答案】41．construction42．who43．be decorated44．Compared45．cheaper46．What
47．noting48．terms49．have had50．but /and
【解析】
【分析】
本文为一篇说明文，介绍了中国的第一家3D打印混凝土书店的相关信息。
【详解】
1.考查名词。句意：上海智慧湾创新园区正在建设一家混凝土书店，这将是中国第一家3D打印书店，预计于2021年1月底向公众开放。分析句子可知，under“在……之下”后应该填写名词作宾语，construct“建设”为动词，应该改为对应的名词。故填construction。
2.考查定语从句。句意：周四，北京清华大学建筑学院负责该项目的何宇庭告诉《环球时报》：“书店在三周内就完成了现场印刷。”本句为非限制性定语从句，He Yuting为人名，为先行词，作定语从句的主语，用who引导定语从句。故填who。
3.考查时态和语态。句意：他告诉记者，印刷工作已经完成，书店将装修。分析句子可知，and连接并列句，decorate与bookstore构成动宾关系，句子为被动语态，且根据will可知，此处为一般将来时。故填be decorated。
4.考查过去分词。句意：他说，与3D打印花盆等简单作品相比，这家书店是建筑领域的创新尝试，因为3D打印建筑比传统施工技术更便宜，更节省时间。分析句子结构可知，逗号前作句子的状语，逻辑主语the bookstore与compare为被动关系，此处用过去分词作状语。故填Compared。
5.考查形容词比较级。句意同上。根据than“比”可知，句子为比较级，且放在is后面用cheap的比较级cheaper作表语。故填cheaper。
6.考查主语从句。句意：让这家书店如此独特的是，“我们使用了纤维混凝土来抵抗压缩，”他补充道，并指出地板上还有一个供暖系统。分析句子结构可知，is前面的部分为主句部分的主语，为主语从句，且从句部分缺少句子的主语，用what指代。故填What。
7.考查现在分词。句意同上。分析句子可知，空处表示伴随状语，且逻辑主语he与note为主动关系，用note的现在分词。故填nothing。
8.考查短语。句意：他提到，从结构和抗震性能的实验数据来看，3D打印书店和传统的混凝土建筑一样安全。in terms of意思为：在……方面，符合题意。故填terms。
9.考查时态。句意：到目前为止，法国、瑞士和俄罗斯的不同团队都对3D打印混凝土技术进行了类似的研究，但中国在该领域的研究和成果是世界上最好的。根据so far可知，句子为现在完成时，主语为teams，为复数名词。故填have had。
10.考查连词。句意同上。空处缺少连词连接两个句子，且后句为前一句的转折或者递进关系，用连词but或者and。故填but/and。

Passage 6
In 1863 the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London. It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible ____51____ (crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and ____52____ work. It took three years to complete and was built using an interesting method. This included digging up the road,____53____ (lay) the track and then building a strong roof over____54____ top. When all those had been done, the road surface was replaced.
Steam engines ____55____ (use) to pull the carriages and it must have been____56____ (fair) unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using ____57____every day.
Later, engineers ____58____ (manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels (隧道）, which became known to the tube. This development was only possible with the ____59____ (introduce) of electric-powered engines and lifts. The central London Railway was one of the most _____60_____ (success) of these new lines, and was opened in 1900. It had white-painted tunnels and bright red carriages, and proved extremely popular with the public.
【答案】51．crowds52．from53．laying54．the55．were used56．fairly57．it58．managed
59．introduction60．successful
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了地铁的最初发展史。
51．考查名词。crowd前没有冠词，且它是可数名词，故填crowds。
52． 考查固定短语。to and from来回，故填from。
53．考查非谓语动词。这里是由and连接的三个动词-ing形式作宾语，故填laying。
54．考查冠词。top是名词，前要用冠词，特指“在（道路的）顶上”。故填the。
55．考查时态语态。根据句意：蒸汽发动机“被用于”拉货物，主语Steam engines与谓语动词use是被动关系，主语是复数，根据语境用一般过去时，故填were used.
56．考查副词。这里fair是形容词，pleasant也是形容词，所以需要将fair变为副词来修饰形容词，故填fairly。
57．考查代词。这里用it指代前句的railway，故填it。
58．考查动词时态。本文全篇都是一般过去时，所以这里也应用一般过去时，故填managed。
59．考查名词。空格前是the,后面应该是名词，故填名词introduction。
60．考查形容词。空格前是most，其后要跟形容词构成最高级，故填successful。

Passage 7
Wildfires can start in forests or on open land, and the flames spread very quickly. Sometimes they start because the weather is hot and dry, but ____76____ (most) humans cause wildfires. We can prevent them by carefully ____77____ (control) campfires and other outdoor fires.
Other natural disasters are impossible to prevent. A typhoon is a tropical (热带的) storm ____78____ starts over the sea. When Typhoon Haiyan hit the Philippines and Vietnam in 2013, the winds reached over 100 kph and caused great damage. Six thousand people ____79____ (kill), and more than two million had to leave their homes. Today we can predict these storms, and if we attach importance ____80____ weather warnings, we can prepare for them.
Unlike a storm, ____81____ earthquake is usually unexpected. A huge earthquake hit Pakistan in October 2015. “The ground was shaking,” said one resident. “But worse than that was the sound of the earthquake. It was ____82____ (frighten).” Earthquakes usually don’t last more than a minute, but their influences can be terrible. Buildings fall down and this can sometimes cause fires. It can be very difficult to find ____83____ (survive) in the damaged areas.
These are just three examples of ____84____ deadly nature can be. But humans can use technology _____85_____ (make) predictions and work together when things go wrong.
【答案】76．mostly77．controlling78．which##that79．were killed80．to
81．an82．frightening83．survivors84．how85．to make
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了自然界中三种可致命的自然灾害——火灾、台风和地震，但人类可以利用科技做出预测，并在事情出错时协同工作。
76．
考查副词。句意：有时火灾发生是因为天气炎热干燥，但大多数火灾是由人类引起的。根据句子humans cause wildfires可知此处要用副词，作状语，修饰句子。故填mostly。
77．
考查动名词。句意：我们可以通过小心控制篝火和其他户外火源来预防它们。根据介词by“通过”可知此处要用动名词，作介词宾语。故填controlling。
78．
考查定语从句的关系词。句意：台风是一种从海上开始的热带风暴。分析句子可知，此处是一个定语从句，先行词是 storm，指物，缺少关系词，根据定语从句 3 starts over the sea中缺少主语，可知此处要用关系代词which/that。故填which/that。
79．
考查时态和语态。句意：6000人被杀，超过200万人被迫离开家园。根据上文 in 2013可知此句时态是一般过去时，分析句子可知，此处是谓语动词，根据主语是Six thousand people，与谓语动词kill之间是被动关系，可知此处要用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是复数，谓语也用复数形式。故填were killed。
80．
考查介词。句意：今天我们可以预测这些风暴，如果我们重视天气警报，我们可以为它们做好准备。固定短语attach importance to“重视”。故填to。
81．
考查冠词。句意：与风暴不同，地震通常是意想不到的。根据名词earthquake是以元音音素开头，可知此处要用不定冠词an，表示泛指。故填an。
82．
考查-ed形容词和-ing形容词。句意：“但比这更糟糕的是地震的声音。它是可怕的。”此处用形容词作表语，修饰形容词人用-ed形容词，修饰形容词物用-ing形容词，主语It指的是上文的 the sound of the earthquake，是物，用-ing形容词frightening (可怕的)。故填frightening。
83．
考查名词的数。句意：在受灾地区很难找到幸存者。根据find可知此处要用名词作宾语，由in the damaged areas可知要用名词的复数形式，survivor是可数名词。故填survivors。
84．
考查副词。句意：这只是三个例子，说明了大自然是多么的致命。分析句子可知，此处是一个宾语从句作介词of的宾语，根据宾语从句中的形容词deadly可知此处要用副词how。故填how。
85．
考查动词不定式。句意：但人类可以利用科技做出预测，并在事情出错时协同工作。根据can use technology可知此处要用动词不定式（to do），作目的状语。故填to make。

Passage 8
Recently, there appears ____36____ university course which is about the study of selfies ____37____ (take) by cellphones. The aim is to analyze its ____38____ (culture) meaning and self-expression in the modern world. The course began in this term at the University of Southern California, attracting people greatly.
Mark Marino, a professor who teaches the course, ____39____ (defend) the importance of understanding the phenomenon that grows with the ____40____ (appear) of smartphones. “My students are learning that we live in a period ____41____ selfies have become a part of life.” Marino told our reporter, “Many people express their feeling by taking photos of ____42____ (they). It is a healthy way to relieve stress.”
Students take their selfies to the class because they are also a part of the research objects. They analyze the background, the clothes, the gestures and any objects in the image. Throughout the course, they ____43____ (ask) to compare their selfies with others. Those pictures are from classmates or some famous people ____44____ Beyonce, a singer who often posts selfies on social media. They draw a conclusion that most people who like selfies can express their ideas clearly, confidently and ____45____ (effect).
【答案】36．a37．taken38．cultural39．defends40．appearance
41．when42．themselves43．are asked44．like45．effectively
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了南加州大学有一门关于手机自拍研究的大学课程，该课程吸引了很多学生。
36．
考查冠词。句意：最近，有一门大学课程是关于手机自拍的研究。根据单数名词course可知此处要用不定冠词，由名词university/ˌjuːnɪˈvɜːsəti/ 是以辅音因素开头，可知要用不定冠词a，表示泛指。故填a。
37．
考查非谓语动词。句意：最近，有一门大学课程是关于手机自拍的研究。由句中已有谓语动词is且无连接词可知此处要用非谓语动词，根据名词selfies与take之间是被动关系，可知此处要用过去分词，作后置定语。故填taken。
38．
考查形容词。句意：目的是分析它的文化意义和在现代世界的自我表达。根据名词meaning可知此处要用形容词，作定语。故填cultural。
39．
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：这门课的教授Mark Marino认为，理解随着智能手机的出现而增长的现象很重要。分析句子可知，主语是Mark Marino， a professor who teaches the course是同位语，此处是谓语动词，根据下文that从句的谓语动词grows 可知此处时态也是一般现在时，因此要用动词的第三人称单数形式。故填defends。
40．
考查名词。句意：这门课的教授Mark Marino认为，理解随着智能手机的出现而增长的现象很重要。根据定冠词the和介词of可知此处要用名词。故填appearance。
41．
考查连词。句意：“我的学生们正在了解到，我们生活在一个自拍已经成为生活一部分的时代。”分析句子可知，此处是一个定语从句，先行词是a period，指物，根据定语从句 6 selfies have become a part of life中缺少时间状语，可知此处要用关系副词when。故填when。
42．
考查代词。句意：Marino告诉我们的记者，“很多人通过自拍来表达自己的感受。这是一种缓解压力的健康方式。”根据主语是Many people，可知此处要用反身代词themselves。故填themselves。
43．
考查时态和语态。句意：在整个课程中，他们被要求将自己的自拍与他人进行对比。由上下文可知此句时态也是一般现在时；根据主语是they，与ask之间是被动关系，可知此处要用被动语态。故填are asked。
44．
考查介词。句意：这些照片来自同班同学或一些名人，例如歌手碧昂斯，她经常在社交媒体上发布自拍照。根据Beyonce可知此处要用介词like，“例如，像”。故填like。
45．
考查副词。句意：他们得出的结论是，大多数喜欢自拍的人都能清晰、自信、有效地表达自己的想法。根据clearly, confidently and可知此处也要用副词，修饰动词express。故填effectively。

Passage 9
Eating an unhealthy diet might be more deadly than smoking, a study finds.
More than 130 scientists studied people’s eating habits in 195 countries, and held the strong ____61____ (believe) that poor unhealthy eating is responsible for 20% of all ____62____ (die) worldwide. That makes unhealthy eating more dangerous than any other cause of disease.
Part of the problem is ____63____ people are eating, like meat, salt, sugary drinks, and other unhealthy foods, including those ____64____ (contain) lots of fat . People are filling their bodies ____65____ too much of the wrong kinds of food. In general, people are eating 86% more salt than they should. While salt is a ____66____ (necessary) to our body, too much can lead to heart disease. Salt sometimes can be very tricky, because unlike eating meat or drinking a sugary drink, you may not know you’re eating ____67____. Most of the salt people eat has already been added to food items by the companies that make them.
But a bigger problem ____68____ (be) what people are not eating, such as nuts, fruits, and vegetables.
Lead scientist Dr Ashkan Afshin said, “Eating too many fatty and sugary foods affects people from all walks of life. We are pointing out the importance of low consumption (食用) of healthy foods as compared to the greater consumption of unhealthy foods.”
The scientists say governments can’t just call on people ____69____ (eat) healthily. They also suggest that farmers _____70_____ (encourage) to grow more of the kinds of foods that people need to eat.
【答案】61．belief62．deaths63．what64．containing65．with66．necessity67．it68．is
69．to eat70．should be encouraged##be encouraged
【解析】
【分析】
本文是说明文，文章介绍了不健康的食物对人类造成的危害并分析了原因。
61．
考查名词。句意：130多名科学家研究了195个国家的人们的饮食习惯，他们坚信不良的不健康饮食是全球死亡总人数中20%的死亡原因。空格前有形容词strong作定语，空格后有同位语从句“that poor unhealthy eating is responsible for 20% of all 　2 (die) worldwide. ”，空格处应使用believe的名词形式belief(相信)。故填belief。
62．
考查名词。句意：130多名科学家研究了195个国家的人们的饮食习惯，他们坚信不良的不健康饮食是全球死亡总人数中20%的死亡原因。根据空格前限定词all可知应填入die的名词形式death，death表示“死亡数/死亡人口”是可数名词，根据句意“全球死亡总人数”可知应使用复数形式。故填deaths。
63．
考查名词性从句。句意：部分问题在于人们的饮食，如肉类、盐、含糖饮料和其他不健康的食物，包括那些含有大量脂肪的食物。连接代词what引导名词性从句时，在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语，表示“……的人/事/物”。分析句子可知，空格后是表语从句，从句引导词在从句中作are eating的宾语，表示“人们所吃的东西”。综上，应用连接代词what引 导词该表语从句。故填what。
64．
考查非谓语动词。句意：部分问题在于人们的饮食，如肉类、盐、含糖饮料和其他不健康的食物，包括那些含有大量脂肪的食物。分析句子可知，contain(包含)是非谓语动词，作后置定语修饰代词those，与其逻辑主语those之间为主动关系，应用现在分词，表主动。故填containing。
65．
考查介词和固定短语。句意：人们用太多不健康的食物填满自己的身体。fill sth. with sth...是固定短语，表示“用……填满……”。故填with。
66．
考查名词。句意：虽然盐是我们的身体的必需品，但吃太多会导致心脏病。根据空格前不定冠词a可知，应填入necessary的名词形式necessity(必需品)，且应用单数形式，作表语。故填necessity。
67．
考查代词。句意：盐有时很棘手，因为不像吃肉或喝含糖饮料，你可能不知道自己在吃东西。分析句子可知，空格处应填入代词作eating的宾语，根据句意可知，这里指代的是不可数名词Salt，所以使用单数代词it。故填it。
68．
考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：但更大的问题是人们不吃什么，比如坚果、水果和蔬菜。分析句子可知，be动词是句中连系动词，根据语境可应就使用一般现在时态，又因主语a bigger problem是单数，所以连系动词be也应使用单数形式。故填is。
69．
考查非谓语动词和固定搭配。句意：科学家们说，政府不能只是呼吁人们健康饮食。call on...to do...为固定搭配，后跟不定式，表示“号召……去做……”。故填to eat。
70．
考查虚拟语气和被动语态。句意：他们还建议应该鼓励农民种植更多的人们需要的食物种类。suggest表示“建议”时，其后的宾语从句中要使用虚拟语气，从句谓语动词用直“should+动词原形”或直接用“动词原形”。分析句子可知，“that farmers 　10　 (encourage) to grow more of the kinds of foods that people need to eat.”是suggest后宾语从句，应使用虚拟语气，又因谓语动词encourage与主语that farmers之间是被动词关系，所以该虚 拟语气应使用被动词语态形式。故填(should) be encouraged。

Passage 10
“I saw rice plants as tall as sorghum(高粱),each ear of rice as big as an ear of corn and each grain of rice as huge as a peanut. I could hide in the shade of the rice crops with a friend. "That is the dream of the ____41____( agriculture ) scientist Yuan Longping.
Yuan Longping, born ____42____September 7,1930,is known for developing the first hybrid rice varieties in the 1970s. Since then, hybrid rice ____43____( grow) in over 20 countries, ____44____(attract)attention from the whole world, especially areas at risk of hunger.
This year 88-year-old Yuan Longping has ____45____( successful) developed rice growing in saltwater and desert. Though his rice could reduce food shortage, the new strain has a long way ____46____(go)before it can be widely spread.
Yuan Longping's achievement has brought him many awards and ____47____(honor)both at home and abroad. As Yuan Longping accepted his Lifetime Achievement Award, he said that ____48____ lifetime achievement means is to achieve your dream with all your life. ____49____, fame and wealth mean much less to him than his research, and he says he will focus on ____50____( develop) better rice.
【答案】41．agricultural42．on43．has been grown44．attracting
45．successfully46．to go47．honors48．what49．However##Nevertheless50．developing
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了伟大的农业科学家袁隆平的成就和荣誉，体现了袁隆平的科学奉献精神和美好品质。
41．
考查形容词。句意：这是农业科学家袁隆平的梦想。修饰名词scientist应用形容词作定语。形容词agricultural意为“农业的”。故填agricultural。
42．
考查介词。句意：袁隆平生于1930年9月7日，因在20世纪70年代培育出第一个杂交水稻品种而闻名。表示在具体的某一天应用介词on。故填on。
43．
考查现在完成时的被动语态。句意：自那以后，杂交水稻在20多个国家种植，引起了全世界的关注，特别是在有饥饿危险的地区。根据“Since then”可知，此处应用现在完成时。动词grow意为“种植”，和主语“hybrid rice”构成被动关系。主语为第三人称单数。故填has been grown。
44．
考查现在分词。句意：自那以后，杂交水稻在20多个国家种植，引起了全世界的关注，特别是在有饥饿危险的地区。动词attract意为“吸引”，和谓语之间没有连词，和主语“hybrid rice”构成主动关系。所以应用现在分词作状语。故填attracting。
45．
考查副词。句意：今年88岁的袁隆平成功地在盐水和沙漠中种植水稻。修饰动词developed应用副词作状语。故填successfully。
46．
考查固定短语。句意：尽管他的水稻可以减少食物短缺，但这种新品种在广泛传播之前还有很长的路要走。have a long way to go意为“有很长的路要走”，为固定短语。故填to go。
47．
考查名词复数。句意：袁隆平的成就为他在国内外赢得了许多奖项和荣誉。honor意为“荣誉”，为可数名词，在many后应用复数形式。故填honors。
48．
考查名词性从句。句意：当袁隆平接受他的终身成就奖时，他说终生成就就是用你的一生去实现你的梦想。在主语从句中缺少宾语，且是指事物，所以应用连接代词what。故填what。
49．
考查副词。句意：然而，与他的研究相比，名誉和财富的意义对他来说要小得多，他说他将专注于开发更好的水稻。后文“fame and wealth mean much less to him than his research”和前文构成转折关系，且空格后有逗号，所以应用副词however或nevertheless表示“然而”。句首首字母应大写。故填However/Nevertheless。
50．
考查动名词。句意：然而，与他的研究相比，名誉和财富的意义对他来说要小得多，他说他将专注于开发更好的水稻。在介词on后应用动名词作宾语。故填developing。

Passage 11
The United Kingdom, Great Britain, Britain, England — many people ____41____ (confuse) by what these different names mean. Getting to know a little bit about British history will ____42____ (certain) help you solve the puzzle.
From the 16th century to the 19th century, Wales, Scotland and the Kingdom of Ireland joined one by one ____43____ (create) the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. In the ____44____ (twenty) century, the southern part of Ireland broke away ____45____ the UK, resulting in the full name we have today: the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. The four ____46____ (country) that belong to the UK work together in some areas. However, they also have some differences. The United Kingdom has ____47____ interesting and long history to explore. Almost everywhere you go in the UK, you will be surrounded by evidence of four different groups of people   ____48____ took over at different times throughout history.
In addition to the above, there is still something ____49____ (much) to learn about the interesting history and culture of the United Kingdom. Studying the history of the country will make ____50____ (you) visit much more enjoyable.
【答案】41．are confused42．certainly43．to create44．twentieth##20th45．from
46．countries47．an48．who##that49．more50．your
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国的由来和历史。
41．
考查时态和语态。句意：联合王国，大不列颠，不列颠，英格兰——许多人被这些不同的名字所迷惑。描述事实，可知此句时态是一般现在时；分析句子可知，此处是谓语动词，主语是many people，根据many people与confuse之间是被动关系，可知此处要用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是复数，谓语也用复数形式。故填are confused。
42．
考查副词。句意：了解一点英国历史肯定会帮助你解开这个谜团。根据谓语动词will help可知此处要用副词certainly作状语。故填certainly。
43．
考查动词不定式。句意：16世纪至19世纪，威尔士、苏格兰和爱尔兰王国相继合并，组成大不列颠及爱尔兰联合王国。根据joined one by one可知此处要用动词不定式，表目的。故填to create。
44．
考查序数词。句意：在20世纪，爱尔兰南部脱离联合王国，形成了今天的全称：大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国。此处表示“第二十世纪”，因此要用序数词。故填twentieth/20th。
45．
考查介词。句意：在20世纪，爱尔兰南部脱离联合王国，形成了今天的全称：大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国。固定短语break away from“脱离……”。故填from。
46．
考查名词的数。句意：属于英国的这四个国家在一些领域合作。country是可数名词，根据four可知此处要用名词的复数形式。故填countries。
47．
考查冠词。句意：英国有着有趣而悠久的历史值得探索。根据名词history可知此处要用不定冠词，由形容词interesting以元音因素开头，可知要用an，表示泛指。故填an。
48．
考查定语从句的关系词。句意：在英国，无论你走到哪里，你都会被四个不同群体人们的证据所包围，他们在历史的不同时期接管了英国。分子句子可知，此处是一个定语从句，先行词是people，指人，根据定语从句 8 took over at different times throughout history中缺少主语，可知此处要用关系代词who/that。故填who/that。
49．
考查形容词比较级。句意：除此之外，英国有趣的历史和文化还有更多值得学习的地方。根据there is still something可知此处要用形容词的比较级，作后置定语，表“更多的”。故填more。
50．
考查代词。句意：学习这个国家的历史会使你的参观更加愉快。根据名词visit 可知此处要用形容词性物主代词your。故填your。

Passage 12
Global warming is one of the most serious problems facing humans and greenhouse gases are the main cause of it. Greenhouse gases are produced not only by industry but also by individuals (个人). People use energy to drive cars, make homes ____41____ (comfort) and grow and transport food. Finding a ____42____ (solve) to the problem of greenhouse gases is not only a political subject but an individual one as well.
Look for ways ____43____ (reduce) energy at home. Turn off electrical appliances that you are not using. Replace your light bulbs with energy-efficient light bulbs.
Eat locally. A lot of energy ____44____ (use) to transport food over long distances, ____45____ burns much fuel. Much of the same food may be grown on local farms. Shop at your local market. Plant your own vegetable garden.
Make your house an eco-friendly one. Put a sweater on to keep warm rather than turning the heating on. Plant a tree to provide shade in summer so you don’t have to use ____46____ air conditioner.
Reduce and recycle. Be careful with the products you buy. Recycle all paper, plastic, glass and aluminum cans. ____47____ you go shopping, please choose items that come with small packaging(包装)and that ____48____ (be) reusable. Use your own canvas bags for shopping instead ____49____ plastic or paper bags.
Be energy-conscious of transportation. Walk, ride a bike ______50______ take a bus.
【答案】41．comfortable42．solution43．to reduce44．is used45．which46．an
47．When48．are49．of50．or
【解析】
【分析】
本文是说明文，文章介绍了应对全球变暖和温室效应，我们个人能做的一些事情。
41．
考查形容词。句意：人们使用能源来驱动汽车，来让房屋变得舒适，来种植和运输食物。分析句子可知，comfort是使役动词make后宾语homes的补足语，应使用形容词形式comfortable(舒适的)。故填comfortable。
42．
考查名词。句意：找到解决温室气体问题的方法不仅是个政治问题，也是个人问题。根据空格前冠词a可知填入名词，作Finding的宾语。故填solution。
43．
考查非谓语动词和固定搭配。句意：在家里寻找节约能源的方法。way作名词，表“方式、方法”时，常跟动词不定式作后置定语，构成短语“way to do...”,表示“做……的方法”。故填to reduce。
44．
考查动词语态和主谓一致。句意：大量的能量被用于长途运输食物，这需要消耗大量的燃料。分析句子可知，use(使用)是句中谓语动词，与主语A lot of energy之间是被动关系，根据上下文可知，本句陈述现在的情况，应使用一般现在时态，又因主语A lot of energy是不可数名词，所以谓语动词应使用单数形式。综上，谓语应用一般现在时的被动语态，单数形式。故填is used。
45．
考查定语从句。句意：大量的能量被用于长途运输食物，这需要消耗大量的燃料。分析句子可知，空格处为非限制性定语从句，修饰前面整个句子，关系词在定语从句中作主语，应使用关系代词which。故填which。
46．
考查冠词。句意：在夏天种一棵树来提供荫凉，这样你就不必使用空调了。air conditioner(空调)是可数名词，在句中是泛指，前面应使用不定冠词，又因空格后单词air的音标中第一个单节是双元音/eə/，所以应使用不定冠词an。故填an。
47．
考查时间状语从句。句意：当你去购物时，请选择小包装和可重复使用的物品。根据句意可知，空格处分句可理解为“please choose items that come with small packaging(包装)and that　8　 (be) reusable.”发生的时间，处理为时间状语从句。故填When。
48．
考查主谓一致。句意：当你去购物时，请选择小包装和可重复使用的物品。分析句子可知，“that　8　 (be) reusable.”是定语从句，关系代词that在定语从句作主语，代指先行词items，items是可数名词复数形式，所以定语从句中谓语be动词也应使用复数形式。故填are。
49．
考查介词和固定短语。句意：购物时使用自己的帆布袋，而不是塑料袋或纸袋。instead of为固定短语，表示“代替，而不是”。故填of。
50．
考查连词。句意：步行，骑自行车或乘公共汽车。根据句意可知，句中提供三种绿色出行方式供选择。故填or。


Passage 13
Twenty years ago, the idea of sharing our lives so ____36____ (open) with the world was unheard of. However, for young people today it ____37____ (consider) completely normal to share pictures of their lives and interact online every day
However, ____38____ concerns people is that too much time on social media may have some negative effects. Researchers measured people's attitudes and feelings before and after visiting social media sites. They found that the more time people spent on social media, the more unhappy they became.   
There are a number of reasons for this. When ____39____ (surf) the social media, people often see photographs and stories showing beautiful holidays, fun parties and fashionable clothes. People rarely post negative stories or bad pictures, ____40____ can be misleading. For those looking at these pictures and comparing them to their own lives, they can end up feeling sad and depressed. They might think their lives are ____41____(bad) in comparison. Even for those people who post positive stories and pictures, they too can feel stressed and worried. ____42____ number of "likes" and comments on their posts can make them anxious about their ____43____ (popular). Of course, there is also the problem of "cyber bullying".   
We don't have to disconnect from the Internet ____44____ (live) a happy life, but we should realize that the pictures we see and stories we read are only part of a bigger picture. If we can do that, we can protect ____45____ (we) and enjoy our lives.
【答案】36．openly37．is considered38．what39．surfing40．which41．worse42．The
43．popularity44．to live45．ourselves
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。主要解释了人们花在社交媒体上的时间越多，就越不快乐的原因以及应对这种情况的方法。
36．
考查副词。句意：20年前，如此公开地与世界分享我们的生活是闻所未闻的。此空修饰动词share，应用副词，作状语，结合句意“公开地”，故填openly。
37．
考查时态和语态。句意：然而，对于如今的年轻人来说，每天在网上分享自己生活的照片和互动被认为是完全正常的。分析句子结构，此空是句子谓语，it是形式主语，动词不定式是真正的主语。根据时间状语today以及句意，可知此处描述的是现在的客观情况，应用一般现在时，且“在网上分享照片和互动”是“被认为”正常，所以此空用一般现在时的被动，结合主语it，故填is considered。
38．
考查名词性从句。句意：然而，人们担心的是太多的时间在社交媒体上可能会有一些负面影响。分析句子结构可知，此空引导主语从句concerns people，从句中缺少主语，且根据句意此空表示“人们担心的事”，没有范围限制，所以用连接代词what引导，故填what。
39．
考查状语从句省略。句意：当人们浏览社交媒体上的内容时，人们经常看到展现美丽的假期、有趣的派对和时尚的衣服的照片和故事。when引导时间状语从句，根据句意，从句完整表达为：people are surfing the social media，从句主语和主句主语都是people，且从句谓语含有be动词are，可以省略从句的主语和are，也就是when surfing，故填surfing。
40．
考查定语从句。句意：人们很少发布负面的故事或糟糕的图片，这可能会产生误导。分析句子结构和句意可知，此空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面一整句话，在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which代替，故填which。
41．
考查形容词比较级。句意：相比之下，他们可能认为自己的生活更糟糕。此空是形容词作表语，再根据句意，有比较的含义，所以此空用bad的比较级worse，故填worse。
42．
考查冠词。句意：帖子上的“赞”和评论数量让他们对自己的受欢迎程度感到焦虑。固定搭配the number of“……的数量”，符合句意，故填The。
43．
考查名词。句意：参见上题。此空是介词about的宾语，前有形容词性物主代词their，此空应用名词popularity，且是不可数名词，故填popularity。
44．
考查非谓语动词。句意：我们不必断开与互联网的连接才能过上幸福的生活，但我们应该意识到，我们看到的图片和读到的故事只是大部分生活中的一小部分。分析句子结构可知，空前句子结构完整，所以此处应用所给动词的非谓语动词形式，结合句意，此处表示目的，所以用动词不定式做目的状语，故填to live。
45．
考查代词。句意：如果我们能做到这一点，我们就能保护自己，享受生活。此空是protect的宾语，且主语和宾语是同一个人称，应用反身代词作宾语，故填ourselves。

Passage 14
The erhu is a traditional Chinese musical instrument. It is the most popular of the huqin family.
The modern erhu developed from xiqin, which was played by many ethnic minorities (少数民族) during the Tang Dynasty. In the Song Dynasty, ____56____ (musician) began to use this type of huqin ____57____ (perform) different kinds of music, and it became quite a popular instrument. ____58____ the rise of some forms of folk art, the art of erhu developed quickly during the Ming and Qing Dynasties. It became ____59____ important accompanying instrument in ____60____ (variety) folk music. Now it is used in both traditional and modern music, such as in pop, rock and jazz. It has even become a solo (独奏的) instrument. One of the most famous musical pieces played on the erhu ____61____ (be) The Moon Over a Fountain.
As the erhu was ____62____ (main) played by common people and the playing skills were passed down by oral tradition, there are few written records about the erhu that can ____63____ (find). To study the history and the ____64____ (develop) of the erhu, historians usually turn to ancient paintings. The earliest pictures of this instrument were discovered in Yulin Caves and Eastern Thousand Buddha Caves in Gansu Province, ____65____ five erhu pictures were discovered.
【答案】56．musicians57．to perform58．With59．an60．various61．is62．mainly
63．be found64．development65．where
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是二胡这种乐器的起源和发展。
56．
考查名词的复数。句意：到了宋代，音乐家们开始用这种胡琴演奏不同种类的音乐，它成为一种相当流行的乐器。musician意为“音乐家”，是可数名词，宋代不止一个音乐家，因此空格处用复数，故填musicians。
57．
考查不定式。句意：到了宋代，音乐家们开始用这种胡琴演奏不同种类的音乐，它成为一种相当流行的乐器。根据语境可知，句子表示“音乐家们开始用这种胡琴演奏不同种类的音乐”，空格处用不定式表目的，故填to perform。
58．
考查介词。句意：随着一些民间艺术形式的兴起，二胡艺术在明清时期得到了迅速发展。根据语境可知，“the rise of some forms of folk art”和“the art of erhu developed quickly”是同时发生，因此空格处意为“随着”，是介词with，位于句首，首字母大写，故填With。
59．
考查冠词。句意：它成为各种民间音乐中重要的伴奏乐器。instrument意为“乐器”，是可数名词，此处表泛指，前面需加不定冠词，important是元音音素开头，因此不定冠词用an，故填an。
60．
考查形容词。句意：它成为各种民间音乐中重要的伴奏乐器。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词folk music，variety的形容词是various，意为“各种各样的”，故填various。
61．
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：用二胡演奏的最著名的乐曲之一是《二泉映月》。句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语One是单数，因此空格处用is，故填is。
62．
考查副词。句意：由于二胡主要由民间演奏，演奏技巧是口传的，所以关于二胡的文字记载很少。空格处用副词修饰动词played，main的副词是mainly，意为“主要地”，故填mainly。
63．
考查被动语态。句意：由于二胡主要由民间演奏，演奏技巧是口传的，所以关于二胡的文字记载很少。记录是被发现，句子用被动语态，空格前有情态动词can，因此空格处是be done，因此空格处是be found，故填be found。
64．
考查名词。句意：为了研究二胡的历史和发展，历史学家通常会求助于古代绘画。空格处用名词作宾语，develop的名词是development，是不可数名词，故填development。
65．
考查定语从句。句意：最早的二胡图片是在甘肃的玉林洞和东千佛洞发现的，在那里发现了五幅二胡图片。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，从句中不缺主语、宾语或定语，先行词Gansu Province是地方，因此空格处用关系副词where，故填where。

Passage 15
People have always had a dream of exploring outer space and with the help of scientists, their dream, ____36____ was once considered to be impossible, is turning into reality.
Scientists earned out many experiments and ____37____ (success) made rockets that could escape the earths gravity. In 1961, Yuri Gagarin from the USSR became the first person ____38____ (send) into space and in 1969, Neil Armstrong from the US set foot on the moon with the famous saying, “That’s one small step for a man, one giant leap for mankind.”
Despite the great achievements, sometimes accidents did happen, resulting ____39____ huge losses. ____40____ scientists are determined to further explore the universe. One ongoing project is the International Space Station orbiting the earth.
____41____ (compare) with the USSR and the US, China started later in its space program, but it has made huge progress. So far, several astronauts, including Yang Liwei, have been to space. China has also launched the Tiangong 2 space lab, ____42____ (signal) a huge step in its effort to establish ____43____ space station.
It ____44____ (believe) that the future of space _____45_____ (explore) is bright thanks to the efforts of the scientists all over the world.
【答案】36．which37．successfully38．to be sent39．in40．However41．Compared
42．signalling##signaling43．a44．is believed45．exploration
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人类对太空的探索。
36．
考查定语从句。句意：人们一直有一个探索外层空间的梦想，在科学家的帮助下，他们的梦想，这曾经被认为是不可能的，正在变成现实。句中先行词为their dream，在非限制性定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which引导。故填which。
37．
考查副词。句意：科学家们做了许多实验，并成功地制造了可以脱离地球引力的火箭。修饰动词made，用副词形式。故填successfully。
38．
考查非谓语动词。句意：1961年，苏联的尤里·加加林成为第一个被送入太空的人。1969年，美国的尼尔·阿姆斯特朗登上月球，并说出了那句名言:“这是我个人的一小步，却是人类的一大步。” 序数词修饰的名词常用不定式做定语。名词person与send之间为被动关系，所以用不定式的被动形式。故填to be sent。
39．
考查介词。句意：尽管取得了巨大的成就，但有时也会发生事故，造成巨大的损失。result in导致。故填in。
40．
考查副词。句意：然而，科学家们决心进一步探索宇宙。前后句之间为转折关系，所以用副词however。故填However。
41．
考查非谓语动词。句意：与苏联和美国相比，中国的太空计划起步较晚，但已经取得了巨大的进步。逻辑主语China与compare之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作状语。故填Compared。
42．
考查非谓语动词。句意：中国还发射了天宫2号空间实验室，标志着中国在建立空间站方面迈出了巨大的一步。根据语境可知，此处表示一种自然产生的结果，应用现在分词作结果状语。故填signalling/signaling。
43．
考查冠词。句意：中国还发射了天宫2号空间实验室，标志着中国在建立空间站方面迈出了巨大的一步。名词station为可数名词，且space发音以辅音音素开头，所以用不定冠词a。故填a。
44．
考查时态和语态。句意：人们相信，由于全世界科学家的努力，太空探索的前景是光明的。It is believed that…人们相信……。陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。故填is believed。
45．
考查名词。句意：人们相信，由于全世界科学家的努力，太空探索的前景是光明的。介词of后接名词形式。故填exploration。