中国传统文化之美食 阅读训练-2023届高考英语

这是一份中国传统文化之美食 阅读训练-2023届高考英语，共10页。
The diversity of Chinese regional cuisines 本文将介绍中国地方菜系的多样性。中国地域广阔，不同地区的气候、环境和文化背景各不相同， 因此产生了许多独特的菜系。本文将探讨中国地方菜系的不同之处，如口味、用料和烹饪方式，并介绍一些知名的地方菜系，如川菜、粤菜、鲁菜等。无论你是食客还是美食爱好者，本文都将为你展示中国地方菜系的丰富多彩。  China is a vast country with a diverse range of regional cuisines that vary in flavor, ingredients, cooking techniques, and presentation. These regional cuisines are a reflection of the country's vast history, culture, and geography, and are a testament to the diversity and richness of Chinese cuisine.One of the most famous regional cuisines in China is Sichuan cuisine, which originates from theSichuan province in southwest China. Sichuan cuisine is known for its bold flavors, spiciness, and the use of Sichuan peppercorns. The cuisine incorporates a wide range of ingredients, including chicken, fish, beef, tofu, and vegetables, and is known for dishes such as Mapo Tofu, Kung Pao Chicken, and Twice-Cooked Pork.Another popular regional cuisine is Cantonese cuisine, which originates from Guangdong province in southern China. Cantonese cuisine is known for its light and fresh flavors, the use of seafood and vegetables, and steaming and stir-frying cooking techniques. Cantonese cuisine is famous for dishes such as Dim Sum, Roast Goose, and Wonton Noodles.The cuisine of Beijing, the capital city of China, is known as Beijing cuisine, which is a blend ofimperial cuisine and traditional Beijing food. Beijing cuisine features a range of ingredients, including meat, seafood, vegetables, and tofu, and is known for dishes such as Peking Duck, Zhajiangmian, and Jingjiang Rousi. Shanghai cuisine, which originates from the coastal city of Shanghai, is known for its use of seafood and freshwater fish, and the blending of flavors from neighboring regions. Shanghai cuisine features dishes such as Xiaolongbao, Shanghai-style Fried Rice, and Sweet and Sour Pork. The cuisine of Hunan province, located in south-central China, is known for its spiciness and the use of garlic, ginger, and chili peppers. Hunan cuisine features dishes such as Spicy Tofu, Dongan Chicken, and Chairman Mao's Red Braised Pork.
Other notable regional cuisines in China include Zhejiang cuisine, which features light and refreshing flavors, Yunnan cuisine, which incorporates a range of spices and ingredients fromSoutheast Asia, and Fujian cuisine, which features seafood and the use of fermented ingredients. In conclusion, China's regional cuisines are a testament to the country's diversity and rich culinary heritage. Each regional cuisine has its unique flavor, ingredients, and cooking techniques, makingChinese cuisine one of the most diverse and exciting cuisines in the world. From spicy Sichuan dishes to light Cantonese flavors, there is something for everyone to enjoy in Chinese cuisine.  词汇   VocabularyExplanationExampleTranslation cuisinesa style or method of cooking, especially characteristic of a particular country, region, or establishment Chinese regional cuisinesinclude Sichuan, Cantonese, Beijing, Shanghai, and more 菜系 (n.) diverse showing a great deal of variety; very differentThe flavors of Chinese regional cuisines are diverse and unique多样的(adj.) varydiffer in size, amount, degree, or nature from something else of the same general classChinese regional cuisines vary in flavor, ingredients, and presentation 不同 (v.) presentationthe manner or style in which something is given, displayed, or arrangedChinese regional cuisines pay great attention to the presentation of dishes 陈述 (n.) testamenta statement or action that shows the existence or truth of something, especially something unpleasantChinese regional cuisines are a testament to the country's diversity and rich culinary heritage 证明 (n.)spicinessthe quality of being spicy; containing strong flavors fromSichuan cuisine is known for its spiciness and the use of辛辣 (n.)
VocabularyExplanationExampleTranslation spicesSichuan peppercorns  bold flavors intense or strong flavors that stand outSichuan cuisine is known for its bold flavors and use of garlic, ginger, and chili peppers 浓烈的味道(n.) peppercornsa dried berry used as a spice, especially in Chinese andSouth Asian cookerySichuan cuisine is known for the use of Sichuan peppercorns 花椒 (n.) originates have a specified beginning or come into beingCantonese cuisine originates from Guangdong province in southern China 起源 (v.) stir-fryinga method of cooking food quickly in a small amount of oil over high heat while stirring constantly Cantonese cuisine is known for its stir-frying cooking technique 炒 (v.) imperial relating to an empire or its rulerBeijing cuisine is a blend of imperial cuisine and traditional Beijing food帝国的(adj.)  chilia small hot-tasting pod of a variety of capsicum, used chopped (and often dried) in sauces, relishes, and spice powders Hunan cuisine is known for its use of chili peppers 辣椒 (n.) authoritythe power or right to give orders, make decisions, and enforce obedienceHunan cuisine has authority in the use of garlic, ginger, and chili peppers 权威 (n.) hierarchya system or organization in which people or groups are ranked one above the otheraccording to status or authority Chinese regional cuisines have a hierarchy of flavors and ingredients 等级制度(n.)modernizationthe process of adapting something to modern needs orChinese regional cuisines have undergone现代化 (n.)
VocabularyExplanationExampleTranslation habits, typically by installing modern equipment or adopting modern ideas or methodsmodernization with theintroduction of new cooking techniques and ingredients  prioritizedetermine the order for dealing with (a series of items or tasks) according to their relativeimportance Chinese regional cuisines prioritize the use of fresh and seasonal ingredients 优先考虑(v.)  短语与句子 PhrasesTranslationThe diversity of Chinese regional cuisines中国地方菜的多样性vast territory疆域广阔Have resulted in many unique cuisines导致了许多独特的菜肴Explore the differences of Chinese regional cuisines探索中国地方菜的区别Flavors, ingredients, and cooking methods味道，成分和烹饪方法Well-known regional cuisines知名的地方菜Foodies and culinary enthusiasts美食家和烹饪爱好者A testament to the country's rich culinary heritage是国家丰富的烹饪文化的见证Vary greatly in spiciness and bold flavors辣味和浓郁口味变化很大Originates from the imperial cuisine of ancient China起源于中国古代宫廷烹饪Stir-frying and braising are common cooking techniques炒和炖是常用的烹饪技巧
VocabularyTranslationA strict culinary hierarchy exists within Chinese cuisine中餐界存在严格的等级制度Modernization and globalization have brought changes to traditional dishes现代化和全球化给传统菜肴带来了变化Prioritize freshness and seasonality of ingredients重视食材的新鲜和时令性A wide range of regional cuisines多种多样的地方菜Rich culinary history丰富的烹饪历史Each region has its own culinary traditions每个地区都有自己的烹饪传统Chinese cooking styles are diverse and complex中国烹饪风格多样而复杂The eight major regional cuisines of China中国八大菜系Northern cuisine emphasizes wheat-based dishes北方菜肴以面食为主Southern cuisine is known for its light, delicate flavors南方菜肴以轻盈、细腻的口感著称Eastern cuisine is characterized by seafood and vegetable dishes东方菜肴以海鲜和蔬菜为特色Western cuisine features bold, spicy flavors and hearty meat dishes西方菜肴以浓郁的口味和丰盛的肉类菜肴为特色Central cuisine is a fusion of various regional styles中部菜肴融合了各种地区的风格Chinese cuisine is based on the principle of balance and harmony中餐基于平衡和和谐原则Ingredients are chosen for their nutritional value and health benefits食材选择基于其营养价值和保健作 Reading Comprehension Which of the following is a common cooking technique in Chinese regional cuisines?a)  Roastingb)  Boilingc)  Stir-fryingd)  GrillingAnswer: c) Stir-fryingWhat is the culinary hierarchy within Chinese cuisine?a)  Vegetarian dishes are prioritized over meat dishesb)  Seafood dishes are considered the most prestigiousc)  Chefs who specialize in noodle dishes are highly regardedd)  A strict hierarchy does not existAnswer: d) A strict hierarchy does not existWhich of the following is a characteristic of Northern Chinese cuisine?a)  Emphasis on seafood dishesb)  Heavy use of chili peppersc)  Wheat-based dishesd)  Light, delicate flavorsAnswer: c) Wheat-based dishesWhat is the principle on which Chinese cuisine is based?a)  Richness and abundanceb)  Balance and harmonyc)  Spiciness and boldnessd)  Sweetness and subtletyAnswer: b) Balance and harmonyWhat is the significance of street food and regional specialties in Chinese food culture?a)  They are only consumed during special occasionsb)  They are considered less important than traditional dishesc)  They are a popular and integral part of daily lifed)  They are only eaten by touristsAnswer: c) They are a popular and integral part of daily life Outline  Title: The Diversity of Chinese Regional Cuisines Introduction A. General information on China's vast territory and diverse regional cuisines B. Importance of exploring the differences in Chinese regional cuisines Factors contributing to regional cuisines A. Climate, environment, and cultural background B. Flavors, ingredients, and cooking techniques C. Culinary heritage and history Regional cuisines in China A. The eight major regional cuisines: Northern, Southern, Eastern, Western, Central, Northeastern, Southwestern, and Northwestern B. Characteristics of each regional cuisine 1. Northern cuisine: emphasis on wheat-based dishes 2. Southern cuisine: light, delicate flavors 3. Eastern cuisine: seafood and vegetable dishes 4. Western cuisine: bold, spicy flavors and hearty meat dishes 5. Central cuisine: fusion of various regional styles Chinese culinary culture and traditions A. Principle of balance and harmony in Chinese cuisine B. Nutritional value and health benefits of ingredients C. Street food and regional specialties in daily life and special occasions Modernization and globalization of Chinese cuisine A. Changes to traditional dishes and cooking techniques B. The impact of modernization on Chinese culinary culture Conclusion A. Recap of the importance and diversity of Chinese regional cuisines B. Appreciation for the rich culinary heritage of China.        Key Points  China has a vast territory and diverse regional cuisines due to differences in climate, environment, and cultural background.Regional cuisines in China vary greatly in flavors, ingredients, and cooking techniques.The eight major regional cuisines of China are Northern, Southern, Eastern, Western, Central, Northeastern, Southwestern, and Northwestern, each with its own characteristics.Chinese culinary culture is deeply ingrained in daily life, and traditional cuisine is often associated with special occasions and holidays.Modernization and globalization have brought changes to traditional dishes and cooking techniques, but the principle of balance and harmony in Chinese cuisine remains important.Chinese regional cuisines are a testament to the country's rich culinary heritage and offer a wide range of culinary experiences to foodies and culinary enthusiasts.  阅读扩展 It was a cold winter evening in Shanghai, and Mei Ling was scrolling through her food delivery app, looking for something new and exciting to try. As a foodie and culinary enthusiast, she loved exploring the diverse regional cuisines of China, and tonight she was in the mood for something spicy and bold.She came across a restaurant that offered a modern twist on traditional Sichuan cuisine, with a menu full of creative and innovative dishes. Mei Ling was intrigued and decided to give it a try. She ordered the "Chongqing Chicken," a spicy stir-fried dish with Sichuan peppercorns, chili peppers, and garlic, along with a side of "Dry-Fried Green Beans," a classic Sichuan dish with a crunchy texture and bold flavor.As she waited for her food to arrive, Mei Ling thought about how Chinese cuisine had evolved in modern times, with chefs and restaurants experimenting with new ingredients, flavors, and presentation styles, while still staying true to the culinary traditions and heritage of their region. When her food arrived, Mei Ling was blown away by the bold flavors and creative presentation of the dishes. The Chongqing Chicken was fiery and flavorful, with just the right amount of spiciness, and the Dry-Fried Green Beans were crispy and delicious, with a hint of Sichuan peppercorn. Mei Ling felt grateful to live in a city like Shanghai, where she could explore the rich and diverse regional cuisines of China, both traditional and modern. She savored every bite of her meal and felt excited to continue her culinary journey through the many flavors and experiences of Chinese cuisine.  What type of cuisine did Mei Ling order from the restaurant?a)  Cantoneseb)  Sichuanc)  Shandongd)  HunanAnswer: b) SichuanWhat was the name of the dish Mei Ling ordered?a)  Dry-Fried Green Beansb)  Kung Pao Chickenc)  Mapo Tofud)  Chongqing ChickenAnswer: d) Chongqing ChickenWhat was the texture of the Dry-Fried Green Beans?a)  Softb)  Crunchyc)  Chewyd)  JuicyAnswer: b) CrunchyHow has Chinese cuisine evolved in modern times?a)  By becoming less spicyb)  By using fewer ingredientsc)  By experimenting with new flavors and presentation stylesd)  By sticking to traditional cooking methods onlyAnswer: c) By experimenting with new flavors and presentation stylesWhat did Mei Ling feel after experiencing the bold flavors and creative presentation of her meal?a)  Disappointedb)  Surprisedc)  Gratefuld)  Indifferent Answer:c) Grateful