专题15 完形填空 考点3 说明建议类（15小题）-2022年中考英语真题分项汇编 （全国通用）

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专题15 完形填空

考点3 说明建议类（15小题）

（一）（2022·江西·中考真题）
Sit With Us
You’re at your new school. It’s lunch time, but you don’t have anyone to sit with. You want to join someone at their table, ___9___ you’re not sure if they’re friendly. What do you do? Natalie’s ___10___ of solving the problem was to create an app. She knows what it feels like to be alone at a new school. She found it difficult to make new friends and had to ___11___ a new table at lunch every day. If she sat ___12___, she felt lonely. But if she asked to join someone and was ___13___, she felt embarrassed. She created a lunch-planning app to help students like ___14___ find people to have lunch with.
The app — called Sit With Us — is ___15___. If a student is having lunch in the afternoon, he or she can create an invitation. Other students can open the app and ___16___ that invitation. They can then use the app to decide when and where to ___17___. This allows students to make ___18___ online instead of face-to-face. This is the reason why it works so ___19___: it lowers the risk of being refused, and the embarrassment that goes along with it.
Natalie is ___20___ to see that people are replying to her app actively — especially those who suffer from bullying (遭受欺凌). Soon after she made her app available to the public, she won a prize for it. She ___21___ appeared in many news stories.
Natalie was even asked to speak at a university. In her ___22___, Natalie wanted people to know that you don’t have to do something ___23___ to change lives. Sometimes, a simple thing — like having a friend to enjoy lunch with — can make all the difference.
9．A．so B．or C．for D．but
10．A．habit B．course C．method D．question
11．A．search for B．fix up C．give out D．get away from
12．A．on time B．in a hurry C．by herself D．in public
13．A．called B．refused C．discussed D．believed
14．A．us B．it C．her D．them
15．A．cheap B．simple C．private D．noisy
16．A．miss B．make C．send D．accept
17．A．stop B．study C．meet D．exercise
18．A．plans B．trouble C．reports D．dinner
19．A．late B．well C．hard D．loudly
20．A．upset B．sorry C．happy D．angry
21．A．also B．just C．still D．seldom
22．A．book B．talk C．school D．picture
23．A．big B．new C．similar D．enjoyable
【答案】9．D
10．C
11．A
12．C
13．B
14．C
15．B
16．D
17．C
18．A
19．B
20．C
21．A
22．B
23．A
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要介绍了纳塔利制作了一个名为“Sit With Us”的软件来帮助学生们找到一起吃午饭的人。
9．
句意：你想和某人同桌，但你不确定他们是否友好。
so因此；or否则；for为了；but但是。“想要与某人坐一张桌子”与“不确定他们是否友好”之间是转折关系，用but表转折。故选D。
10．
句意：纳塔利解决这个问题的方法是创建一个应用程序。
habit习惯；course课程；method方法；question问题。根据“to create an app”可知这是解决问题的方法。故选C。
11．
句意：她发现很难交到新朋友，每天午餐时都得找新桌子。
search for寻找；fix up修理；give out分发；get away from逃离。根据“She found it difficult to make new friends”可知交不到朋友，吃午餐要找没人的新桌子。故选A。
12．
句意：如果她一个人坐着，她会感到孤独。
on time准时；in a hurry匆忙；by herself独自；in public公开地，当众。根据“she felt lonely”可知感到孤独应是独自坐着。故选C。
13．
句意：但如果她请求加入别人而被拒绝，她会感到尴尬。
called打电话；refused拒绝；discussed讨论；believed相信。根据“she felt embarrassed”可推出想要加入别人但被拒绝了。故选B。
14．
句意：她创建了一个午餐计划应用程序，帮助像她这样的学生找到一起吃午餐的人。
us我们；it它；her她；them他们。根据上文多次提到“she”可推出是像她一样的学生。故选C。
15．
句意：这款名为Sit With Us的应用程序很简单。
cheap便宜的；simple简单的；private私人的；noisy喧闹的。根据“This allows students to make ... online instead of face-to-face.”可知这款应用程序很简单。故选B。
16．
句意：其他学生可以打开应用程序并接受邀请。
miss错过；make制作；send发送；accept接受。根据“They can then use the app to decide when and where to ...”可知接受了邀请才有确定时间和地点的可能。故选D。
17．
句意：然后，他们可以使用该应用程序来决定见面的时间和地点。
stop停止；study学习；meet见面；exercise锻炼。根据“find people to have lunch with”可知一起吃午餐需要见面。故选C。
18．
句意：这使得学生可以在网上制定计划，而不是面对面。
plans计划；trouble麻烦；reports报告；dinner晚餐。根据“They can then use the app to decide when and where to ...”可知此处指在网上制定计划。故选A。
19．
句意：这就是它如此有效的原因：它降低了被拒绝的风险，以及随之而来的尴尬。
late晚；well好；hard努力地；loudly大声地。根据“it lowers the risk of being refused, and the embarrassment that goes along with it”可知这款软件很好。故选B。
20．
句意：纳塔利很高兴看到人们积极回复她的应用程序，尤其是那些遭受欺凌的人。
upset难过的；sorry对不起的；happy高兴的；angry生气的。根据“people are replyiher app actively — especially those who suffer from bullying”可知软件受欢迎纳塔利很高兴。故选C。
21．
句意：她也出现在许多新闻报道中。
also也；just仅仅；still依旧；seldom极少。根据“Soon after she made her app available to the public, she won a prize for it.”可知赢得了奖项，也出现在新闻报道中。故选A。
22．
句意：在她的演讲中，娜塔莉想让人们知道，你不必做什么大事来改变生活。
book书；talk演讲；school学校；picture画作。根据“Natalie was even asked to speak at a university.”可知要演讲。故选B。
23．
句意：在她的演讲中，纳塔利想让人们知道，你不必做什么大事来改变生活。
big大的；new新的；similar相似的；enjoyable令人愉快的。根据“Sometimes, a simple thing — like having a friend to enjoy lunch with — can make all the difference.”可知不必做什么大事。故选A。





（二）（2022·浙江金华·中考真题）
“Poor Grandma! I wish we could do something to cheer her up.” Amy said to her brother Mark.
Grandma had fallen and broken her ___1___. The doctor said she would be in bed for six weeks. Grandma was very active and loved to ___2___ in her garden, so she would not like sitting in her chair ___3___ her leg to become well again.
“I have a(n) ___4___,” said Mark. “I saw some pictures of terrariums（栽培盒）in a magazine. Terrariums are little indoor gardens that can be ___5___ in glass bottles. Let’s make a terrarium for Grandma, so she can enjoy a garden in her house.”

Amy agreed, ___6___ the two of them found the magazine which told them how to make a terrarium and showed it to ___7___ mother. She said that a terrarium would be a perfect ___8___ for Grandma. She helped Amy and Mark find a large, clear glass bottle. After a trip to the garden shop to buy the materials, they began to ___9___ the terrarium.
First, they put some drainage material（排水材料）at the bottom of the bottle. This would keep the soil（土壤）from getting too ____10____. Next, they added some dark, rich soil.
Now they were ready to add the plants. Amy had chosen ____11____ plants at the garden shop. One was tall with long, thin, green leaves. The other was short with bright pink flowers. To make the terrarium even more ____12____ , Amy placed rocks of different colours and bright green moss（苔藓）around the plants. ____13____, they watered the plants.
When Amy and Mark showed Grandma her new terrarium, she was so ____14____. Now she had a beautiful little ____15____ to enjoy right inside her home.
1．A．arm B．back C．leg D．head
2．A．rest B．read C．drink D．work
3．A．waiting for B．depending on C．looking at D．getting ready for
4．A．dream B．idea C．question D．story
5．A．hidden B．hung C．grown D．tied
6．A．so B．after C．but D．because
7．A．her B．his C．their D．our
8．A．beginning B．gift C．chance D．task
9．A．borrow B．choose C．buy D．build
10．A．hard B．dirty C．hot D．wet
11．A．two B．three C．four D．five
12．A．expensive B．colourful C．traditional D．personal
13．A．Finally B．However C．Instead D．Still
14．A．afraid B．pleased C．nervous D．worried
15．A．flower B．bottle C．picture D．garden
【答案】1．C
2．D
3．A
4．B
5．C
6．A
7．C
8．B
9．D
10．D
11．A
12．B
13．A
14．B
15．D
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要讲述了Amy的奶奶摔断了腿，为了让喜爱在花园工作的奶奶开心，她和她哥哥为她奶奶制作了一个栽培盒。
1．
句意：奶奶摔倒了，摔断了腿。
arm胳膊；back后背；leg腿；head头。根据“her leg to become well again”可知她摔断了腿。故选C。
2．
句意：奶奶很活跃，喜欢在她的花园里工作。
rest休息；read读书；drink喝；work工作。根据“Grandma was very active and loved to...in her garden”可知奶奶很活跃，喜欢在花园里工作。故选D。
3．
句意：所以她可不想坐在椅子上等她的腿好起来。
waiting for等待；depending on依靠；looking at看；getting ready for准备好。根据“she would not like sitting in her chair...her leg to become well again”可知奶奶很活跃，所以不想等着腿好就想去花园里工作。故选A。
4．
句意：我有一个主意。
dream梦想；idea主意；question问题；story故事。根据“I have...”以及下文可知马克想出了一个主意。故选B。
5．
句意：栽培盒是可以在玻璃瓶中种植的小型室内花园。
hidden隐藏；hung悬挂；grown种植；tied系。根据“Terrariums are little indoor gardens that can be...in glass bottles”可知在玻璃瓶中种植植物。故选C。
6．
句意：艾米同意了，于是他们两个人找到了告诉他们如何制作栽培盒的杂志，并把它拿给他们的母亲看。
so所以；after在……之后；but但是；because因为。根据“Amy agreed...the two of them found the”可知前后两句是因果关系，前因后果，用so引导。故选A。
7．
句意：艾米同意了，于是他们两个人找到了告诉他们如何制作栽培盒的杂志，并把它拿给他们的母亲看。
her她的；his他的；their他们的；our我们的。根据“showed it to...mother”可知是给他们的妈妈看。故选C。
8．
句意：她说，栽培盒是送给奶奶的完美礼物。
beginning开始；gift礼物；chance机会；task任务。根据“a terrarium would be a perfect...”可知栽培盒是给奶奶的一个礼物。故选B。
9．
句意：去花园商店买了材料后，他们开始建造栽培盒。
borrow借；choose选择；buy买；build建造。根据“they began to...the terrarium”可知选完材料之后，他们开始建造栽培盒。故选D。
10．
句意：这样可以防止土壤变得太湿。
hard努力的；dirty脏的；hot热的；wet湿的。根据“they put some drainage material”可知放置排水材料的目的是防止土壤太湿润。故选D。
11．
句意：艾米在花园店里选了两株植物。
two两；three三；four四；five五。根据“One was tall with long, thin, green leaves. The other was short with bright pink flowers”可知她选了两株植物。故选A。
12．
句意：为了让栽培盒更加丰富多彩，艾米在植物周围放置了不同颜色的岩石和鲜绿色的苔藓。
expensive昂贵的；colourful多彩的；traditional传统的；personal个人的。根据“Amy placed rocks of different colours and bright green moss”可知放置不同颜色的岩石和苔藓的目的是让栽培盒更加多彩。故选B。
13．
句意：最后，他们给植物浇水了。
Finally最后；However然而；Instead相反；Still仍然。根据“they watered the plants”可知这是建造栽培盒的最后一步。故选A。
14．
句意：当艾米和马克向奶奶展示她的新栽培盒时，她非常高兴。
afraid害怕的；pleased开心的；nervous焦虑的；worried担心的。由上文可知，奶奶非常喜欢花园，当看到栽培盒时，她应该很开心。故选B。
15．
句意：现在她有一个美丽的小花园可以在她家中享用。
flower花；bottle瓶子；picture图片；garden花园。根据“Now she had a beautiful little ”以及上文可知栽培盒是一个小型的花园。故选D。

（三）（2022·湖北宜昌·中考真题）
Ever since “Mother Nature” gave me life, I expected to grow tall and big.
As a young ___1___, I was well protected in the forest. I used to ___2___ a good time with my friends under the blue sky and ___3___ the river. Our only purpose was to stand high. My pal, Tim often said, “All I ask for is to be ___4___ the whole day.”
More than 300 days passed and we grew straight. Until one day, our ___5___ birthday, people came, moved us from the ___6___ and put us on their trucks. “I don’t want to go!” Tim cried.
After a long journey, we arrived in a completely different place with ___7___ green. Here we were planted in a line. ___8___ the wind blew strongly, I could not even open my eyes to see Tim ___9___ beside me. So we needed enough ___10___ to grow thicker and higher to stop the wind.
As time went by, we finally ___11___ much stronger. I could keep my eyes open in the wind! I even found the blue sky was back!
This was no longer a no-man’s-land, and hundreds of visitors came here. A man took a picture of us with his ___12___, “Thank you. We can enjoy clear days ___13___ worrying about sand storms.” A young girl jumping up and down came over and ___14___ me. “Thank you,” she said, “It’s you that have turned the desert into a green land!”
Tim and I smiled at each other, feeling ___15___. The sun was shining brightly in the bluer sky.
1．A．tree B．fish C．girl D．boy
2．A．choose B．forget C．have D．miss
3．A．in B．along C．under D．on
4．A．smart B．happy C．busy D．thin
5．A．first B．second C．third D．fourth
6．A．beach B．lake C．house D．earth
7．A．all B．nothing C．anything D．everything
8．A．Though B．Unless C．Because D．Until
9．A．clearly B．greatly C．kindly D．widely
10．A．desert B．wind C．sand D．water
11．A．became B．smelt C．sounded D．remained
12．A．radio B．keyboard C．backpack D．camera
13．A．from B．about C．without D．of
14．A．asked B．hugged C．invited D．kicked
15．A．tired B．bored C．proud D．surprised
【答案】1．A
2．C
3．B
4．B
5．A
6．D
7．B
8．C
9．A
10．D
11．A
12．D
13．C
14．B
15．C
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要是一棵大树自述自己和朋友Tim是如何从森林被人类带到沙漠，他们逐渐地长成了能阻挡沙尘暴的大树，获得了人类的感谢。
1．
句意：作为一棵小树，我在森林里受到了很好的保护。
tree大树；fish鱼；girl女孩；boy男孩。根据“I expected to grow tall and big”及“protected in the forest”可推断，这是一颗树，故选A。
2．
句意：我曾经和我的朋友在蓝天下和河边度过了一段美好的时光。
choose选择；forget忘记；have有；miss错过。have a good time“玩得开心”，固定搭配，故选C。
3．
句意：我曾经和我的朋友在蓝天下和河边度过了一段美好的时光。
in在……里；along沿着；under在……下面；on在……上。根据“under the blue sky and… the river”可知，树是栽在岸边，故选B。
4．
句意：我所要求的就是整天都快乐。
smart聪明的；happy开心的；busy忙碌的；thin瘦弱的。根据“All I ask for is to be… the whole day”可知，祈求每天开开心心，故选B。
5．
句意：直到有一天，我们的第一个生日，人们来了，把我们从陆地上搬到他们的卡车上。
first第一；second第二；third第三；fourth第四。根据“More than 300 days passed”可知，300多天过去了，迎来了第一个生日，故选A。
6．
句意：直到有一天，我们的第一个生日，人们来了，把我们从陆地上搬到他们的卡车上。
beach海滩；lake湖；house房子；earth陆地。根据“I was well protected in the forest”可知，从森林这块陆地搬到了卡车上，故选D。
7．
句意：经过长途旅行，我们到达了一个完全不同的地方，没有一点绿色。
all所有；nothing没什么事；anything任何事；everything一切。根据“It’s you that have turned the desert into a green land”可知，曾经这里是沙漠，没有一点绿色，故选B。
8．
句意：因为风刮得很大，我甚至不能睁开眼睛清楚地看到Tim在我身边。
Though尽管；Unless除非；Because因为；Until直到。“the wind blew strongly”是不能看清楚Tim的原因，用because引导原因状语从句，故选C。
9．
句意：因为风刮得很大，我甚至不能睁开眼睛清楚地看到Tim在我身边。
clearly清楚地；greatly伟大地；kindly善良地；widely广泛地。根据“I could not even open my eyes to see Tim… beside me”可知，看不清楚Tim是否在旁边，故选A。
10．
句意：所以我们需要足够的水变得更茂密，更高，以阻止风。
desert沙漠；wind风；sand沙子；water水。根据“So we needed enough… to grow thicker”及常识可知，大树需要水才能长得更高，故选D。
11．
句意：随着时间的流逝，我们终于变得更强大了。
became成为；smelt闻起来；sounded听起来；remained维持。根据“As time went by, we finally… much stronger”可知，终于变得强大了，故选A。
12．
句意：一个男人用他的相机给我们拍了张照片。
radio广播；keyboard键盘；backpack背包；camera相机。根据“took a picture of”可知，用相机拍照，故选D。
13．
句意：我们可以享受晴朗的天气而不用担心沙尘暴。
from从；about关于；without没有；of……的。根据“We can enjoy clear days… worrying about sand storms”可知，不用担心沙尘暴了，故选C。
14．
句意：一个年轻的女孩跳上跳下，走过来拥抱我。
asked询问；hugged拥抱；invited邀请；kicked踢。根据“Thank you”可知，拥抱大树表示感谢，故选B。
15．
句意：Tim和我相视一笑，感到很自豪。
tired疲惫的；bored无聊的；proud骄傲的；surprised惊讶的。根据“It’s you that have turned the desert into a green land”可知，是作者和Tim让这片沙漠变成绿地，这让大树感到骄傲，故选C。


（四）（2022·广东广州·中考真题）
When I was nine years old, I wanted to keep a pet fish. After months of _______, I finally had enough money to get one. I named it Bob, I put _______ beautiful toy house with windows in the tank (鱼缸) so that Bob could swim through. Sometimes, I would draw pictures of _______ fish and sea plants and tape them to the side of the tank, so Bob wouldn’t get lonely while I _______ at school.
However, _______ a month, I noticed that the tank was getting dirty. My dad asked me _______ it into the kitchen. He wanted to make sure I knew _______ to do so that Bob wouldn’t get hurt.
First, my dad told me to reach _______ into the tank and take the house away. _______ I took my hand out of the water, I noticed that the water was a lot ________ than I thought.
“ That’s smelly! ” I said. “ Let’s hurry up and ________ the fish out of the water, Dad! ”
“ Not so fast, Ben, ” Dad said. “ We need to save some of the old water, ________ Bob needs a place to stay while we clean the tank. ”
“ Why? ” I asked.
“ Running water from the tap can be harmful to fish, ” Dad explained. “ That ________ we can’t put Bob into fresh water right away. Instead, we need to put him in a cup with ________ of the dirty water for a while. ” …
All seemed so easy. I hoped the next time I would be able to clean the tank all by ________.
11．A．save B．saves C．saved D．saving
12．A．a B．an C．the D．/
13．A．other B．others C．the other D．the others
14．A．am B．was C．were D．will be
15．A．before B．for C．after D．during
16．A．bring B．bringing C．brought D．to bring
17．A．where B．what C．how D．why
18．A．care B．careful C．carefully D．caring
19．A．If B．Unless C．When D．Though
20．A．dirty B．dirtier C．dirtiest D．the dirtiest
21．A．get B．gets C．got D．getting
22．A．so B．or C．because D．but
23．A．mean B．means C．meant D．is meaning
24．A．few B．a few C．little D．a little
25．A．me B．my C．mine D．myself
【答案】11．D
12．A
13．A
14．B
15．C
16．D
17．B
18．C
19．C
20．B
21．A
22．C
23．B
24．D
25．D
【解析】
【导语】
本文介绍了作者9岁时喜欢养鱼并为鱼换水的故事。
11．
句意：经过几个月的攒钱我终于有足够的钱买了一个。
save节省，攒钱，原形；saves第三人称单数；saved过去式；saving现在分词或者动名词。根据“of”可知，介词后跟动名词。故选D。
12．
句意：我给它取名为鲍勃，我在鱼缸里放了一个漂亮的带窗户的玩具屋，这样鲍勃就可以游过去了。
a一个，用在辅音音素词前；an一个，用在元音音素词前；the指已提到或易领会到的人或事物；/不填。根据“beautiful toy”可知，此处表泛指，beautiful以辅音音素开头，使用a。故选A。
13．
句意：有时，我会画一些其他鱼类和海生植物的图片，然后把它们粘在鱼缸的一边，这样鲍勃就不会在我上学的时候感到孤独了。
other其他的；others其他人（物）；the other两者的另一个；the others特指剩余的其他人（物）。根据“fish and sea plants”可知，此处使用other，后跟名词复数。故选A。
14．
句意：有时，我会画一些其他鱼类和海生植物的图片，然后把它们粘在鱼缸的一边，这样鲍勃就不会在我上学的时候感到孤独了。
am第一人称单数现在时；was第一和第三人称单数过去式；were复数和第二人称单数过去式；will be一般将来时。根据“so Bob wouldn’t get lonely while I …at school.”可知，此处使用动词过去式，主语为I，使用was。故选B。
15．
句意：然而，一个月后，我注意到鱼缸变脏了。
before在……之前；for持续一段时间；after在……之后；during在……期间。根据“I noticed that the tank was getting dirty.”可知，应该是过了一个月后，才发现鱼缸变脏的。故选C。
16．
句意：我爸爸让我把它带到厨房。
bring带来，带……到某处，原形；bringing现在分词或者动名词；brought过去式；to bring动词不定式。根据“My dad asked me”可知，ask sb to do sth“让某人做某事”，故选D。
17．
句意：他想确保我知道该做什么，以免鲍勃受伤。
where哪里；what什么；how如何；why为什么。根据“knew…to do ”可知，此处为特殊疑问词+动词不定式的结构，作knew的宾语，使用what，what to do“做什么”，故选B。
18．
句意：首先，我爸爸让我小心地把手伸进鱼缸，把房子搬走。
care关心；careful小心的，形容词；carefully小心地，副词；caring关心，动名词或者现在分词。根据“reach”可知，此处使用副词修饰动词，故选C。
19．
句意：当我把手从水里拿出来时，我注意到水比我想象的要脏得多。
If如果；Unless除非；When当……时；Though虽然。根据“…I took my hand out of the water, I noticed that the water was a lot…than I thought.”可知，此处指当我……时，使用when引导时间状语从句，故选C。
20．
句意：当我把手从水里拿出来时，我注意到水比我想象的要脏得多。
dirty肮脏的；dirtier比较级；dirtiest最高级；the dirtiest定冠词the+最高级。根据“I noticed that the water was a lot…than I thought.”可知，此处使用形容词的比较级，故选B。
21．
句意：爸爸，我们赶快把鱼从水里捞出来吧！
get得到，原形；gets第三人称单数；got过去式。getting现在分词或者动名词。根据“Let’s hurry up and”可知，let sb do“让某人做”，故选A。
22．
句意：我们需要保留一些旧水，因为我们清洗鱼缸时，鲍勃需要一个地方住。
so因此；or或者；because因为；but但是。根据“Bob needs a place to stay while we clean the tank.”可知，此处空后为原因，使用because，故选C。
23．
句意：那意味着我们不能马上把鲍勃放进淡水里。
mean意思是，原形；means第三人称单数；meant过去式；is meaning现在进行时。根据“Instead, we need to put him in a cup”可知，本句为一般现在时，主语为单数，使用动词第三人称单数，故选B。
24．
句意：相反，我们需要把他放在一个装有少量脏水的杯子里一段时间。
few几乎没有；a few一些；little几乎没有；a little一点。根据“of the dirty water”可知，此处water为不可数名词，且表示肯定含义，使用a little，故选D。
25．
句意：一切似乎都很容易。我希望下次我能独自清洗水箱。
me我，宾格；my我的，形容词性物主代词；mine我的，名词性物主代词；myself我自己，反身代词。根据“by”可知，by oneself“独自”，故选D。