选择性必修 第一册Unit 5 Working the Land优质ppt课件

5.4 Assessing Your Progress

Ⅰ.选词填空

estimate,nutritious,expanded,overcome,entirely,for instance,warning,assumption

1.(2018·全国卷Ⅰ改编)Good Morning Britain’s Susanna Reid is used to grilling guests on the sofa every morning,but she is cooking up a storm in her latest role—showing families how to prepare delicious and 　　　　meals on a tight budget. 

答案：nutritious

2.(2018·江苏卷改编)Try to understand what’s actually happening instead of acting on the 　　　　you’ve made. 

答案：assumption

3.As children’s world 　　　　,they compared themselves to others online in a way that was hugely damaging. 

答案：expanded

4.(2018·天津卷改编)Some analysts 　　　　that food production will need to be raised by 50 percent to maintain current levels. 

答案：estimate

5.(2018·天津卷改编)Despite recent advancements in 3D food printing,the industry has many challenges to　　　　. 

答案：overcome

6.What would you do,　　　　,if you found a member of staff stealing? 

答案：for instance

7.(2019·北京卷改编)So Moore desired to get round the 　　　　,“Why can’t I make a healthy candy that’s good for my teeth so that my parents can’t say no to it?” 

答案：warning

8.Are you sure you 　　　　understand the importance of the project? 

答案：entirely

Ⅱ.完成句子

1.他把所有的空余时间放在自己的爱好上。

He 　　　　all his spare time 　　　　his hobbies. 

答案：devotes;to

2.约翰相信答案可以在新的理论中找到。

John 　　　　　　　　that the answer can 　　　　　　　　in the new theory. 

答案：is convinced;be found

3.他最新的设想已经变成了现实。

His latest vision has become 　　　　　　　　. 

答案：a reality

4.使我们印象最深刻的是他对新科技的观点。

　　　　 　　　　us most is his attitude 　　　　new technology. 

答案：What impresses;to

5.在追求生活目标的同时,不要忽略了你的生活质量。

Don’t ignore your life 　　　　while 　　　　your life goal. 

答案：quality;pursuing

Ⅲ.翻译句子

1.他是一位慈爱的父亲,因为他经常鼓励他的孩子们。

答案：He is a devoted father because he often encourages his children.

2.如何应对这些问题是他们必须面对的。

答案：How to tackle these problems is what they must face.

3.孩子们很容易屈服来自游戏的诱惑。

答案：It’s easy for children to yield to temptation from the games.

4.如果你能证明你所说的,你或许能使得人们信服。

答案：If you can prove what you said,you may be able to convince people.

5.为了达到目的,他付出了一切。

答案：To attain the goal,he devoted everything.

6.他很难在公共场合克服羞怯。

答案：It’s difficult for him to overcome shyness in public.

7.工程师们评估还需要一年时间完成项目。

答案：The engineers estimate it will take a year to finish the project.

8.许多年轻人通过唱歌缓解工作压力。

答案：Many young people alleviate work stress by singing songs.

9.请轮流来选择你的号码。

答案：Please choose your number in turn.

10.阻止他们前行的是糟糕的天气。

答案：What kept them from going ahead was the bad weather.

Ⅳ.组句成篇

使大家印象深刻的是他把所有的空余时间用来帮助别人,他相信在追求个人幸福的时候不要忽略他人,这样人生价值才能实现。

答案：One possible version:

What impresses people is that he devotes all his spare time to helping others.He is convinced that life value can become a reality if people don’t ignore others while pursuing personal happiness.

Ⅰ.阅读理解

 (2020·广西南宁高一月考)

Sir John,a British scientist,said he had predicted at the time of his frog experiments that the successful cloning of a mammal would happen within 50 years,and that “maybe the same answer is appropriate”for the step to human cloning.Parents who lose children in accidents may be able to clone “copies” to replace them then.

Although any attempt to clone an entire human would raise complex moral issues,the biologist claimed people would soon overcome their concerns if the technique became medically useful.Cloning was regarded with extreme doubts when it was first developed but became widely accepted after the birth of Louise Brown,the first “test tube baby”.He said,“When my first frog experiments were done,an American reporter asked how long it will be before these things can be done in mammals or humans.I said,‘Well,it could be anywhere between 10 years and 100 years—how about fifty years?’It turned out that it wasn’t far off the mark as far as Dolly was concerned.Maybe the same answer is appropriate.”Sir John added that cloning a human being effectively means making an identical twin,and doctors would therefore simply be “copying what nature has already produced”.

The average vote on allowing parents of deceased children,who are no longer fertile(能生育的),to create another using the mother’s eggs and skin cells from the first child,thinking the technique was safe and effective,is 60 per cent in favor.The reasons for “no” are usually that the new children would feel they were some sort of a replacement for something.

1.Sir John predicted the human cloning would be a reality in 　　　　at most. 

A.100 years B.60 years

C.50 years D.10 years

答案：C

解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段内容可知未来50年内将实现人类克隆,因此答案为C。

2.According to the text,which statement is NOT true?

A.Louise Brown is the first “test tube baby”.

B.Human cloning is still a controversial topic.

C.Sir John is positive about the future of human cloning.

D.Human cloning is creating something that didn’t exist before.

答案：D

解析：细节理解题。克隆并不是创造之前不存在的东西,因此选项D表述错误。

3.The underlined word “identical” probably means　　　　. 

A.same B.special C.new D.clear

答案：A

解析：词义猜测题。形容词identical用来修饰名词twin(双胞胎之一),结合下文中的copying不难推测identical意思是“相同的”,因此答案选A。

4.What does the text mainly talk about?

A.The life of Sir John.

B.Prediction on human cloning.

C.Views on human cloning.

D.Achievements in human cloning.

答案：B

解析：主旨大意题。文章第一段开门见山,提出了关于人类克隆的预言,然后就其可能性展开讨论。由此不难确定答案为B。

Ⅱ.七选五

 (2020·河南洛阳高一期末)

How to Help a Teenager Make Good Decisions

Habitually poor decision-making is actually common in teenagers.Naturally,such a habit makes parent-teen cooperation difficult,especially when a parent wants his teen to do what a “responsible adolescent” would do.　1　 

Distinguish real problems from acts of pure “teenagerism”.Teens often make poor decisions simply because they don’t have the experiences.By making small and harmless mistakes,like a recently-developed habit of careless consuming,a teen learns good decision-making skills on his own via self-correction.　2　 Don’t think the teen is making bad decisions just to challenge you.It’s more likely it is out of a real inability to determine what’s best for him. 

　3　 Tell your teen you understand his decisions while simply emphasizing that you don’t have to agree with his decisions or treat his views as valid.By not judging his opinions,tastes or style,you are opening the road for better communication and problem-solving opportunities. 

Set clear expectations.　4　 For example,if your teen refuses to study for his math final because “math is pointless”,explain that you expect him to perform well in school,even in the “pointless” classes.Because you’ve already tolerated his opinion without trying to change his viewpoint,you two can easily agree that math isn’t so useful,yet avoid saying “Let’s just give up on math,then.” 

Find a middle ground.Trade insignificant freedom such as clothing style for the promise that he’ll live up to academic and family responsibilities.　5　 Not only does giving up a bit of control solve many conflicts,but the extra freedom you give him can also improve his decision-making. 

1.　　　　　 　2.　　　　　 　3.　　　　 

4.　　　　　 　5.　　　　 

A.Show tolerance.

B.Learn to solve problems.

C.Point out your expectations and his responsibilities.

D.If your teen could realize it,allow him to be himself.

E.A responsible adolescent must have role models to learn from.

F.Therefore,it’s important to guide them with problem-solving strategies.

G.Next time,he’ll be more likely to think twice before making his buying decision.

答案：1.F　2.G　3.A　4.C　5.D　

解析：1.根据上文可知,不擅长做决定的青少年很普遍,家长希望孩子做一个有责任心的青少年应该做的事情,F项“因此,用解决问题的策略引导他们很重要”符合语境。

2.根据上文可知,通过犯一些小而无害的错误,比如最近形成的粗心消费的习惯,青少年通过自我改正学到了良好的决策技能,G项“下一次,在做购买决定时他更可能三思”符合语境。

3.根据下文可知,当你强调你不同意孩子的决定或你认为他的观点不正确时,告诉你的孩子你理解他的决定,A项“表现出宽容”符合语境。

4.根据本段的主题句“Set clear expectations.”及下文的例子可知,C项“指出你的期望和他的责任”符合语境。

5.根据空前一句可知,D项“如果你的孩子实现了他的承诺,那就允许他做他自己”符合语境。

Ⅲ.完形填空

 (2020·浙江湖州高一月考)

All our food comes directly or indirectly from soil.The　1　 which is dark in color is humus(腐质土).Humus includes plenty of useful materials 　2　 from dead plants and waste matter from animals.Soil 　3　its food.If we do not 　4　 it with any,　5　 will not grow well on it.Animal 　6　 is the best food for soil,and chemical 　7　 are good,too.A change of crop every year in the same soil will also be 　8　. 

When soil is too 　9　,winds blow it away,and the land will soon look like a 　10　.Farmers can 　11　 this by growing trees.This will weaken the 　12　 of the wind.After a heavy rain,the 　13　 carries the humus down to the river.This often happens 　14　 the fields are on the hillsides.Farmers can level their fields and make them 　15　. 

At the beginning of the 　16　,there have been about 7,000 　17　people on earth.We now ought to 　18　 every bit of the soil.　19　,where will such a large 　20　 grow their food? 

1.A.soil B.mineral C.root D.crop

答案：A

解析：根据前一句提到的soil可知A项符合语境。mineral矿物;root根;crop庄稼。

2.A.died B.equipped C.delivered D.taken

答案：D

解析：此处指从死去的植物和动物粪便中吸取有用的物质。take…from…从……中吸取……,故D项符合语境。die死;equip配备;deliver运送。

3.A.eats B.needs C.feeds D.focuses

答案：B

解析：土壤“需要”食物,指上文中的“dead plants”和“waste matter from animals”。 need需要,故B项符合语境。eat吃;feed喂;focus(使)集中。

4.A.regret B.produce C.supply D.export

答案：C

解析：supply…with…把……提供给……。regret后悔,遗憾;produce生产;export出口。

5.A.peanuts B.grains C.plants D.animals

答案：C

解析：直接依靠土壤而生存的是植物。plant植物,故C项符合语境。peanut花生;grain谷物;animal动物。

6.A.nutrition B.blood C.bone D.waste

答案：D

解析：animal waste动物粪便,即上文提到的“waste matter”。nutrition营养;blood血;bone骨头。

7.A.poisons B.fertilisers

C.powders D.medicines

答案：B

解析：改良土壤的应该是“化肥(chemical fertilisers)”。poison毒药,毒物;powder粉末;medicine药。B项符合语境。

8.A.satisfying B.beneficial C.disturbing D.confusing

答案：B

解析：在同样的土壤中种植不同的庄稼是有好处的。beneficial有益的,符合语境。satisfying令人满意的;disturbing令人不安的;confusing令人困惑的。

9.A.super B.energetic C.dry D.thirsty

答案：C

解析：当土壤太干燥时,风就会把土壤吹走。dry干燥的,符合语境。super极好的;energetic精力充沛的;thirsty口渴的。

10.A.desert B.lake C.valley D.plain

答案：A

解析：因为风把土壤吹走了,所以土地看上去就像“沙漠”。desert沙漠,符合语境。lake湖泊;valley峡谷;plain平原。

11.A.prevent B.circulate C.struggle D.reduce

答案：A

解析：农民们可以通过植树阻止土壤流失。prevent阻止,符合语境。circulate循环,流传;struggle拼搏;reduce减少。

12.A.noise B.blow C.speed D.force

答案：D

解析：通过植树可以减弱风的“力量(force)”,从而防止土壤被风吹走。noise噪音;blow吹;speed速度。

13.A.wind B.bacterium C.pests D.water

答案：D

解析：大雨过后,“雨水”会把土壤里的腐质土冲到河里。water水,符合语境。wind风;bacterium细菌;pest害虫。

14.A.where B.which C.when D.how

答案：A

解析：where引导地点状语从句。

15.A.hill-like B.stair-like

C.bottom-like D.gulf-like

答案：B

解析：农民可以平整田地,使它们像楼梯一样。stair-like像楼梯的,符合语境。

16.A.period B.century C.history D.dynasty

答案：B

解析：at the beginning of the century在本世纪初。period(一段)时间;history历史;dynasty朝代。

17.A.thousand B.thousands

C.million D.millions

答案：C

解析：thousand,million等与具体数字连用时,不加-s,故排除B、D两项,根据常识可知选C。million百万,thousand千。

18.A.affect B.reduce C.save D.expand

答案：C

解析：我们现在应该节约每一寸土地。save节约,符合语境。affect影响;reduce减少;expand使变大。

19.A.Otherwise B.However

C.Therefore D.Besides

答案：A

解析：否则这么多人口就没有种庄稼的土地了。otherwise否则,符合语境。however然而;therefore因此;besides另外。

20.A.nationality B.globe

C.population D.battle

答案：C

解析：此处large修饰population,指人口多。nationality国籍;globe全球;battle战斗。

Ⅳ.语法填空

　　In the US,school usually runs from late August or early September,with a long break in summer,one week at Christmas,and one week in spring.This is different in some places,like Chicago,　1　schools have shortened the summer break,and added longer breaks throughout the year.A school year has two terms,　2　(divide)by Christmas break. 

A school day usually starts at 9 am and finishes at about 4 pm. Different subjects 　3　(teach)in American schools,including math,history,geography and so on.However,American school life isn’t just　4　 study.They usually have more things to do and to learn 　5　 students in other countries.There are many clubs in American schools,too,　6　(include)art clubs and language clubs.　7　 the students are interested in sports,they can join different sports clubs.From 2:30 pm to 4 pm,they do different things in different clubs. 

You may 　8　(possible)think English is very popular in the world,so American students don’t need to learn any other language.　9　 that’s not true.American children from the age of seven have to learn 　10　 second language,like French or Chinese. 

1.　　　　　 　2.　　　　　 　3.　　　　 

4.　　　  5.　　　  6.　　　 

7.　　　  8.　　　  9.　　　 

10.　　　 

答案：1.where　2.divided　3.are taught　4.about　5.than　6.including　7.If　8.possibly　9.But　10.a　

解析：1.考查定语从句。“where schools have shortened the summer break…”是非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词places,其中关系副词where在从句中做地点状语。

2.考查非谓语动词。“divided by Christmas break”是过去分词短语做定语。

3.考查动词的时态和语态。主语subjects和谓语动词teach之间是被动关系,故用被动语态;这里说的是一般性情况,故用一般现在时。

4.考查介词。句意:然而,美国的学校生活不仅仅是关于学习。about表示“关于”,符合题意。

5.考查介词。由前面的“more things”可知,这里用了比较级。

6.考查词性转换。此处应用现在分词including,意为“包括……在内”。

7.考查状语从句。句意:如果学生对体育运动感兴趣,他们可以参加不同的体育运动俱乐部。这里用If引导条件状语从句。

8.考查词性转换。设空处所填单词在句中修饰谓语动词,需用possible的副词形式possibly。

9.考查连词。结合上下文可知,前后之间存在转折关系, 故用并列连词But连接。

10.考查冠词。a second language第二语言。

Ⅴ.概要写作

阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。

Heritage(遗产)is traditional customs,culture and beliefs(信仰).We use the word “heritage” in many different ways.People talk about their family’s heritage,their city’s heritage,and their country’s heritage.

Here are some examples of heritage.Every year in the American city New Orleans,there is a huge party called Mardi Gras.That is a part of New Orleans’ heritage.Heritage can also be more personal.If your family has a big dinner every Sunday night,that’s part of your family’s heritage.

Today,heritage is changing.The Internet connects people around the world.In many ways this is a good thing,because we can learn about the heritage of other countries,and we can show our own heritage to the world.However,some people worry that traditional heritage is disappearing.Think about it.In many ways,countries are becoming more and more alike.In just about every country around the world,you can find MacDonald’s,Nike shoes,Starbucks coffee,and American movies.Some people think this is a good change,and others don’t like it.You can decide whether or not you think it’s a good thing.However,everyone wants to protect their traditional heritage,and sometimes this is hard.For example,when a new MacDonald’s opens in your town,a traditional restaurant might have to close.

　　This is why heritage protection is so important.Heritage protection is a simple idea.It means keeping your country’s or your city’s heritage alive.People do this in many ways.The biggest part of heritage protection is probably preserving old buildings.A few other examples of heritage protection are making sure your children speak your traditional language,and teaching your heritage to children.

The world is changing very fast.This change brings a lot of good things.But as the world is changing,it is important to remember the heritage of our parents and our grandparents.

答案：One possible version:

Heritage is traditional customs,culture and beliefs.People talk about their family’s heritage,their city’s heritage,and their country’s heritage.The Internet connects people around the world.Some people worry that traditional heritage is disappearing.This is why heritage protection is so important.As the world is changing,it is important to remember the heritage of our parents and our grandparents.