北师大版 (2019)必修 第三册Lesson 3 "White Bikes" on the Road当堂达标检测题

Unit 8 Green Living Lesson 3 White Bikes on the Road—2022-2023学年高一英语北师大版（2019）必修第三册同步课时训练

一、填空

1.People in Amsterdam ______ (enjoy) the benefits of cycling for years.

2.Planning is the key, not only to ______ (track) your progress, but to ensuring that you can finish your tasks on time.

3.A lot of traditional customs ______ (disappear) with the development of the society

4.I walked nervously up the path ______ (lead) to the secret garden.

5.It was ______ (amaze) how my mother coped with bringing up three children on less than thirty dollars a week.

6.Cycling is highly _____(benefit) to our health and the environment.

7.San Francisco plans to set up free, universally available wireless access to the Internet, _____(know) as Wi-Fi.

8.A medical team _____(consist) of five doctors and two nurses set off for the earthquake-stricken area.

9.Some students may feel a growing sense of fear with the exam season _____(approach) while others may appear fairly calm.

10.The symptoms of flu may be unpleasant, but they will _____(appear) within a few days after taking the medicine.

二、七选五

The process by which rich land becomes desert is called desertification(沙漠化). ①______The U. N. says up to 45 percent of Africa's land is impacted by desertification, worse than any other continent.

Africa's Great Green Wall is a project to build an 8000-kilometer-long forest across 11 of the continent's countries. The project is meant to contain the growing Sahara Desert and fight climate change. ② _____They include limited political support, lack of money, weak organizational structures, and not enough consideration for the environment. Just 4 million hectares of land have been turned into forest since the work on the Great Green Wall began 15 years ago. ③______

Launched in 2007, the project aims to plant a forest from Senegal on the Atlantic Ocean in western Africa to Eritrea, Ethiopia and Djibouti in the east. ④____ It could also reduce levels of climate-related migration in the area and capture hundreds of millions of tons of carbon dioxide from the air.

⑤_____They say some progress has been made in recent years in the east of the continent. For example, efforts in Eritrea and Sudan have resulted in nearly 140, 000 hectares of newly planted forest.

The U. N. desertification agency says the project will need to plant an average of 8. 2 million hectares yearly to reach its goal of 100 million hectares by 2030.

A. It has severe impacts on the environment.

B. That is only 4 percent of the program's goal.

C. However, it is difficult to carry out the project.

D. But the project has been facing many problems.

E. The project would create millions of green jobs in rural Africa.

F. Despite many problems, those involved in the project remain hopeful.

G. Some countries have struggled to keep up with the demands of the project.

三、阅读理解

It is a tough time to be a tree. Earth has lost a third of its forests over the past 10, 000 years — half of that just since 1900. We logged them for wood. We cut them to make way for farms and cattle. We cleared land to build homes and roads. Although deforestation has decreased globally from its peak in the 1980s, trends vary by region. In Indonesia, which had been cutting down forests for oil palm plantations(棕榈种植园), primary forest loss has declined since 2016. From August 2020 to July 2021, the Brazilian Amazon lost 5,000 square miles of rainforest, a 22 percent increase over the previous year. Since 1990, we've cut down more forest globally than there is forest in the United States.

Trees are growing faster as they absorb extra CO2. That "greening" of the planet has so far helped slow climate change. But climate change is killing trees. And what has made forest scientists increasingly uneasy is the quickening pace of extreme events — fire, more powerful storms, and, most notably, severe heat and drought, which can worsen the effects of all the rest, shifting forests that have been around since the last ice age to entirely new states.

Climate change still poses less of a threat to forests than logging and land clearing, but the threat is growing fast. Satellite data show that Earth's tree-covered area actually expanded from 1982 to 2016 by 7 percent, an area larger than Mexico. But that doesn't mean forests are doing fine. The data don't distinguish between natural forests and industrial tree farms, such as the millions of palm, eucalyptus(桉树), and pine trees planted as crops while rainforest is cleared. Also, the data don't show which forests were lost to chain saws and which were killed by climate-related events.

12.What does the underlined word "deforestation" mean in paragraph 1?

A. The state of forests. B. The growth of trees.

C. The removal of trees. D. The disappearance of forests.

13.What are forest scientists concerned about?

A. Extreme climate is speeding up. 

B. The influence of storms is powerful.

C. Forests are getting worse and worse. 

D. Forests have changed to new states.

14.What's the author's attitude towards the satellite data?

A. Positive. B. Cautious. C. Approving. D. Indifferent.

15.Where does this text probably come from?

A. A history book.  B. A science fiction.

C. A science report.  D. A health magazine.

答案以及解析

一、填空

1.答案：have been enjoying

解析：考查动词的时态。句意：阿姆斯特丹的人们多年来一直在享受骑自行车的好处。由时间状语和句意可知这里应用现在完成进行时，表示enjoy这个动作从过去延续到现在，将来可能还会继续。故填have been enjoying。

2.答案：tracking

解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：计划不仅是跟踪你的进度的关键，而且是确保你能按时完成任务的关键。to为介词，后跟v.-ing形式。故填tracking。

3.答案：are disappearing

解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意：随着社会的发展，许多传统习俗正在消失。由句意可知，这里指正在消失，故用现在进行时，customs为复数。故填are disappearing。

4.答案：leading

解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：我紧张地顺着通往秘密花园的小径走。lead与path之间为主动关系。故填leading。

5.答案：amazing

解析：考查词性转换。句意：让人惊叹的是我母亲如何用每周不到三十美元养育了三个孩子。故填amazing。

6.答案：beneficial
解析：句意为: 骑车对我们的健康和环境非常有益。be beneficial to为固定搭配, 意为"对......有益"。故填beneficial。

7.答案：known
解析：句意为: 旧金山计划建立免费的、全球共享的无线接入网络, 就是我们熟知的Wi-Fi。be known as为固定搭配, 意为"作为……被熟知", 此处为过去分词作后置定语。 故填

8.答案：consisting
解析：句意为: 由五名医生和两名护士组成的医疗队出发前往地震灾区。本句已有谓语动词set off, 与设空处无连词连接, 所以设空处须用非谓语动词作后置定语, 修饰主语A medical team; consist of为不及物动词短语, 不可用被动语态, 故填现在分词形式。故填consisting。

9.答案：approaching
解析：句意为: 随着考试季临近, 有些学生会感受到越来越强的恐惧感, 而其他人会表现得相当镇定。此处考查"with+宾语+宾补"结构, approach和the exam season之间为逻辑上的主动关系, 应用现在分词。故填approaching。

10.答案：disappear
解析：句意为: 流感的症状可能会令人不舒服, 但是服药后症状在几天内就会消失。根据后面的after taking the medicine可知, 设空处应表示症状"消失"。appear意为"出现", 反义词为disappear, 意为"消失"。 故填disappear。

二、七选五

答案：①-⑤ ADBEF

解析：①根据下文"The U. N. says up to 45 percent of Africa's land is impacted by desertification, worse than any other continent.(联合国表示,非洲多达45%的土地受到荒漠化的影响,比其他任何大陆都严重。)"可知,该空是介绍沙漠化对环境的影响,A项"It has severe impacts on the environment.(它对环境有严重影响。)"中的impacts为解题的关键信息,所讲述的内容与下文一致。故选A。

②根据下文"They include limited political support, lack of money, weak organizational structures, and not enough consideration for the environment.(它们包括有限的政治支持,缺乏资金,组织结构薄弱以及对环境的考虑不足。)"列举了各种问题,与D项"But the project has been facing many problems.(但该项目一直面临许多问题。)"呼应。故选D。

③根据空格位于段尾可知,此处应该是对该段的总结,上文"Just 4 million hectares of land have been turned into forest since the work on the Great Green Wall began 15 years ago.(自15年前绿色长城工程开始以来,只有400万公顷的土地变成了森林。)"讲述的是自15年前绿色长城工程开始以来的取得的成绩,B项"That is only 4 percent of the program's goal.(这只是该计划目标的4%。)"中的that指代的内容与上文内容相符合。故选B。

④根据空后"It could also reduce levels of climate-related migration in the area and capture hundreds of millions of tons of carbon dioxide from the air.(它还可以降低该地区与气候相关的迁移水平,并从空气中捕获数亿吨二氧化碳。)"可知,该空所填内容是对项目好处的表述,E项"The project would create millions of green jobs in rural Africa."讲述的该项目产生的影响,符合语境。故选E。

⑤根据下文"They say some progress has been made in recent years in the east of the continent.(他们说,近年来非洲大陆东部取得了一些进展。)"可知,此空所填内容中必须包含名词复数与该句中的代词they指代内容一致,F项"Despite many problems, those involved in the project remain hopeful.(尽管存在许多问题,但参与该项目的人仍然充满希望。)"中的those指代内容与they一致,结合上下文语意理解,可以判断F项符合语境。故选F。

三、阅读理解

1.答案：C

解析：词义猜测题。上文"We logged them for wood. We cut them to make way for farms and cattle. We cleared land to build homes and roads.(我们把它们砍成木材。我们砍伐树木，为农场和牲畜腾出地方。我们清理土地建造房屋和道路)"提到了森林遭受各种目的的砍伐，再根据下文的decreased可推知，此处指这种"砍伐"在20世纪80年代达到巅峰后有所下降。由此推知，划线词deforestation是"砍伐树木"的意思。故选C。

2.答案：A

解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段"And what has made forest scientists increasingly uneasy is the quickening pace of extreme events — fire, more powerful storms, and, most notably, severe heat and drought, which can worsen the effects of all the rest, shifting forests that have been around since the last ice age to entirely new states.(让森林科学家越来越不安的是极端事件发生的速度加快——火灾、更强的风暴，以及最引人注目的严重的高温和干旱，它们会恶化其他所有事件的影响，将自上个冰河时代以来就存在的森林转变为全新的状态)"可知，森林科学家关心的是极端气候正在加速。故选A。

3.答案：B

解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后一段"But that doesn't mean forests are doing fine. The data don't distinguish between natural forests and industrial tree farms, such as the millions of palm, eucalyptus (桉树), and pine trees planted as crops while rainforest is cleared.(但这并不意味着森林状况良好。这些数据并没有区分天然林和工业树木农场，比如数百万棵棕榈树、桉树和松树在雨林被清除时作为作物种植)"可推知，作者对卫星数据的态度是谨慎的。故选B。

4.答案：C

解析：推理判断题。分析全文内容可知，文章主要用数据说话，介绍了全球树木的砍伐及引起的影响，且作者秉持一种谨慎科学的态度。由此推知，本文可能来自一篇科学报告。故选C。