高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第四册Unit 1 Science Fiction当堂检测题

Unit 1 Science Fiction Reading and Thinking——2022-2023学年高二英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第四册同步课时训练

一、填空

1.He is a man of moral ______ . ( the quality of being honest and strong ) (根据英文提示单词拼写)

2.She had an _________ (appoint) to paint her nails, then she went into an expensive clothes shop. (所给词的适当形式填空)

3.The _____(declare) of Independence was made in America in 1776. (所给词的适当形式填空)

4.Mr Smith has _____(dismiss) from his job for incompetence. (所给词的适当形式填空)

5.When he _____(unlock) the door, he found he had left the key at home.

6.My son is _____(be) obedient today. I wonder what he is up to.

7.A lawyer was appointed _____(defend) me in the trial.

8.Are you feeling guilty _____ cheating in the exam?

9._____ contrast, the lives of girls in well-to-do families were often very sheltered.

10.COVID-19 has become _____ major threat to the people across the world.

11.Nobody wants to live a life _____ war.

12.It is _____(disturb) that the dog next door is barking all day long.

13.Did you feel _____(hurt) when hearing her words?

14.Another meeting is going to _____(hold) this weekend.

15.The police officer said he had placed the man under arrest and  __________  the man was likely to be sentenced to two years in prison.

二、阅读理解

16.    A company in California, called Zume, is testing machines that make pizza. The robot takes and shapes dough to create the base of the pizza. It then adds tomato sauce, cheese, meat or other toppings. Next, the robot places the uncooked pizza into a hot oven. A few minutes later, the pizza is ready. The pizza comes out the same each time. Zume says the robots work quickly and do not get sick. They do not get paid either.

    Julia Collins is the company's co-founder and chief executive officer (CEO). Her business can spend more money on better food products because it does not have to pay the robots. Zume is using robots to make pizza.

    Charity Suzuki has bought the robot-made pizza. She likes its taste. "It's delicious. It's always hot and fresh when it comes. I mean it's great that they're making it, but I can't tell the difference that it's made by a robot versus a human."

    Other companies say they are developing robots so people can get higher quality food faster. But what about the jobs the robots are taking from humans?

    Ken Goldberg is a professor at the University of California in Berkeley. He also directs the school's automation laboratory. Goldberg says researchers have been working with robots for 50 years. He says that, while there has been progress, the jobs are not going to disappear right away. "I want to reassure(使放心) restaurant workers that the skills that they have are still going to be of value," Goldberg says.

    "We're going to get rid of boring, repetitive, dangerous jobs and we're going to free up people to do things that have higher value. There's going to be amazing new ways of working that don't exist yet but are going to be created," Alex Garden, the chairman of Zume, says.

1.Why can Zume devote more money to better food products?
A.It earns a lot by selling pizza. B.It wants to create more robots.
C.It can save a lot by using robots. D.It hopes to attract more customers.
2.What can we know about the robot-made pizza according to Suzuki?
A.It really agrees with her taste. B.It isn't hot or fresh all the time.
C.It is tastier than the man-made pizza. D.It is delicious and free of charge.
3.What's the benefit of using robots to make pizza?
A.They work efficiently. B.They help sick people.
C.They need few payments. D.They produce better pizza.
4.What does Goldberg think of the jobs of restaurant workers?
A.Interesting. B.Boring. C.Dangerous. D.Necessary.

17.    Joseph Frederick Engelberger, the father of robotics, was born on July 26, 1925, in Brooklyn. He received his B. S. in physics in 1946, and M. S. in Electric Engineering in 1949 from Columbia University. He worked as an engineer with Manning, Maxwell and Moore, and then he met George Devol at a party in 1956, two years after Devol had designed and patented an industrial robotic arm. However, Manning, Maxwell and Moore were sold and Engelberger's division was closed that year.

    Finding himself jobless but with a business partner and an idea, Engelberger co-founded Unimation with Devol, creating the world’s first robotics company. And the introduction of robotics to the manufacturing process effectively transformed the automotive industry. Over the next two decades, the Japanese took the lead by investing heavily in robots to replace people performing certain tasks. In Japan, Engelberger was widely described as a key player in the postwar ascendancy(支配地位) of Japanese manufacturing quality and efficiency.

    After observing the help his aging parents needed, Engelberger saw the robotics automation could be used in the medical field. In 1984, Engelberger founded Transitions Research Corporation (TRC). He introduced the HelpMate and hoped to kick-start a new industry for in-home robots, and he started in 1988 by selling his first HelpMate to Danbury Hospital. The medical robot was successful enough that the hospital ended up purchasing another, and within a decade, well over 100 hospitals worldwide operated HelpMates.

    After Engelberger was awarded the Japan Prize in 1997, Senator Joseph Lieberman delivered a speech in the U. S. senate in praise and recognition of the inventor, calling the HelpMate "an example of the way that the federal investment in science and technology for patients can lead to new products that employ Americans and make for a better quality of life".

    Engelberger liked working. So even after he got into his 80s, he remained active in the promotion and development of robots for use in elderly care. He died on December 1, 2015, in Newtown, a little more than four months after celebrating his 90th birthday.

1. Which statement about Engelberger may the author agree with?
A. He was most popular among the Japanese.
B. He finished his higher education in his twenties.
C. He had great admiration for Devol as an inventor.
D. He and Devol invented the first robotic arm together.
2. What motivated Engelberger to set up TRC?
A. His desire to gain wide acceptance.
B. The success of founding Unimation.
C. The challenge from other companies.
D. His parents' demanding aid from others.
3. What's Lieberman's attitude towards HelpMate?
A. Concerned. B. Doubtful. C. Positive. D. Opposed.
4. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. The Home of Robots—Unimation
B. The Father of Robotics—Engelberger
C. The Strong Personality Engelberger had
D. The Great Contribution Engelberger Made to Medicine

答案以及解析

1.答案：integrity

解析：考查名词。句意：他是一个正直的人。根据英文提示“the quality of being honest and strong(诚实坚强的品质)”可知，此处用名词integrity表“诚实坚强的品质”符合题意，作介词宾语，故填integrity。

2.答案：appointment

解析：考查名词。句意：她约好要涂指甲，然后走进一家高档服装店。an后用名词的单数形式，appoint的名词是appointment，意为“预约”，故填appointment。

3.答案：Declaration

解析：考查名词。句意：《独立宣言》于1776年在美国发表。空格处用名词作主语，declare的名词是declaration, Declaration of Independence意为“独立宣言”，因此空格处用单数，故填Declaration。

4.答案：been dismissed

解析：考查时态语态。句意：史密斯先生因不称职而被解雇，此处dismiss与主语构成被动关系，结合上文has可知为现在完成时的被动语态。故填been dismissed.

5.答案：was to unlock

6.答案：being

7.答案：to defend

8.答案：of

9.答案：In/ By

10.答案：a

11.答案：at

12.答案：disturbing

13.答案：hurt

14.答案：be held

15.答案：that

解析：考查宾语从句。 句意:这名警官说他已经逮捕了那名男子,并且说那名男子可能被判处两年监禁。空处引导第二个宾语从句,在从句中不充当任何成分,故填that。

16.答案：1-4.CAAD
解析：1.考查细节理解。由第二段中的"Her business can spend more money on better food products because it does not have to pay the robots"可知,因为不用给机器人付工资,所以Zume可以把更多的资金投入到更好的食物产品上。
2.考查细节理解。由第三段中的"She likes its taste. 'It's delicious. It's always hot and fresh when it comes. I mean it's great that they're making it, but I can't tell the difference that it's made by a robot versus a human'"可知,Suzuki认为机器人生产的比萨很美味,很对她的胃口,她分辨不出人做的比萨和机器人做的比萨的区别。
3.考查细节理解。由第一段中的"Zume says the robots work quickly"和第四段中的"Other companies say they are developing robots so people can get higher quality food faster"可知,机器人的工作效率很高,故A项正确。
4.考查推理判断。由倒数第二段中的"I want to reassure(使放心) restaurant workers that the skills that they have are still going to be of value"可知,Goldberg认为餐馆工作人员的技能仍然有价值,故可推知他认为他们的工作是不可缺少的。故D项正确。

17.答案：1-4 BDCB

解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Joseph Frederick Engelberger, the father of robotics，was born on July 26, 1925…”和“He received his B. S. in physics in 1946, and M. S. in Electric Engineering in 1949 from Columbia University.”可知， Engelberger 21岁时获得物理学学士学位，24岁时获得电气工程硕士学位，即他在二十多岁时完成了他的高等教育。

2.细节理解题。根据第三段中的“After observing the help his aging parents needed...Engelberger founded Transitions Research Corporation (TRC).”可知， Engelberger年迈的父母需要别人帮助的事实促使他建立TRC。

3.观点态度题。根据第四段中的“an example of the way that the federal investment in science and technology for patients can lead to new products that employ Americans and make for a better quality of life”可知， Lieberman认为HelpMate有助于开发新产品，提高人们的生活质量，也就是说他对HelpMate持支持的态度。

4.标题归纳题。纵观全文可知,本文主要介绍了机器人之父Joseph Frederick Engelberger的生平，故选B项。