高中人教版 (2019)Unit 2 Morals and Virtues课后复习题

Unit 2 Morals and Virtues Discovering Useful Structures & Listening and Talking——2022-2023学年高一英语人教版（2019）必修第三册同步课时训练

一、填空

1.She has never seen such a collective dedication from a nation, ________ (turn) things for the better by sacrificing personal convenience.（所给词的适当形式填空）

2.Each statue has a different face, _______(make) researchers to believe that each one is a copy of a real soldier. (所给词的适当形式填空)

3.These smart homes _______ (keep) us secure and comfortable will be welcomed by most families. (所给词的适当形式填空)

4._________ (step) into the campus, I felt extremely delighted. (所给词的适当形式填空)

5.__________ (judge) from her last letter, they had a wonderful time there. (所给词的适当形式填空)

6.Many children of Chinese immigrants in Canada study English at school and speak Chinese at home, ________(lead) to fluency in both languages.（所给词的适当形式填空）

7.____________ (wait) for her for two hours in the park, I had to leave. (所给词的适当形式填空)

8.Desertification is a serious problem ________(face) numerous countries in the world. （所给词的适当形式填空）

9.So what are the major __________ (contribute) factors in the success of Maths teaching? (所给词的适当形式填空)

10.With winter________(approach), many animals are storing food. (所给词的适当形式填空)

11.He is a student at Oxford University________(study) for a degree in computer science.（所给词的适当形式填空）

12.This system includes six cameras to detect holes, rocks, or other materials, ________ (inform) the farmer when an issue needs to be addressed. (所给词的适当形式填空)

13.________(weigh) only 96 grams, the great all-round electronic dictionary is portable and easy to use.(所给词的适当形式填空)

14.The visiting minister expressed his satisfaction with the talk, ________(add) that he had enjoyed his stay here. (所给词的适当形式填空)

15.It is still under discussion whether the old bus station should be replaced_____ a modern hotel or not. (用适当的词填空)

二、阅读理解

Herman Melvile, the writer of the famous whale story Moby Dick, once wrote that humpback whales were "the most lighthearted of all the whales." Known to be intelligent animals and can be seen working together to hunt schools of small fish, humpbacks are a favorite of whale watchers everywhere. And, if you listen closely, you might even hear one singing.

Marine (海洋) biologist Jim Darling has studied the songs of humpback whales for more than 25 years. While recording whale songs on a boat near Hawaii, he invited author Douglas Chadwick to experience diving with a humpback. In the water, Chadwick heard the whale's songs in a way he never heard them before. "Suddenly, I no longer heard the whale's voice in my ears," he said. "I felt it inside my head and bones." When swimming with the whale, Chadwick could see that the whale was aware of him, but not alarmed by his presence. Up in the boat, Darling recorded the whale's song, which can be long and complex, sometimes lasting for 30 minutes or more. Actually, they are perhaps the longest songs sung by any animal.

Darling says that only male humpbacks sing, but for unknown reasons, it was previously thought that they sang to attract females, but scientists showed this was incorrect when they played recordings of whale songs in the ocean and the female whales did not respond. Another idea is that male humpbacks compete with each other using songs, just as other male animals on land do using their horns or sharp teeth.

Researchers have also found that humpback whale songs are different in different parts of the world, perhaps like whale national songs. They may also be like hit tunes on the radio, changing over time—from one year to the next, or even over a single breeding season when they produce young.

Another member of the research team, photographer Flip Nicklin, recalls a special moment he had while interacting with a humpback. While he was snorkeling(潜水) some distance from the huge animal, it approached him until it was just a few metres away. It then gently carried Nicklin towards its eye with a flipper(鳍肢), as if examine him. Obviously, the urge to understand a different species goes both ways.

16.What is this passage mainly about?

A. How to record the humpbacks in the ocean.

B. How humpbacks communicate with people.

C. Humpback songs and what they might mean.

D. the career of a man who is interested in humpbacks.

17.When the scientists played songs in the ocean, ________.

A. the songs attracted fish 

B. no female whales came

C. male whales became angry 

D. male and female whales came together

18.What is NOT true about humpback whales?

A. Their songs are short and simple. 

B. Only male humpback whales sing.

C. Humpback whales are very friendly. 

D. They are popular with whale watchers.

19.What do Chadwick and Nicklin have in common?

A. They were afraid of whales. 

B. They swam with the whales.

C. Their jobs are to take photos of the whales. 

D. They are marine biologists studying whales.

In 1969, watching the landing of Apollo 11 on the Moon on TV from his parents' farm in Canada, Chris Hadfield was amazed and excited. On that day, at only nine years old, Chris made the most important decision of his life: He was going to be an astronaut.

There wasn't even a training program in Canada to become an astronaut; but Chris was determined. He spent a great deal of time studying and fixing engines. After school he joined the Canadian army where he learned to fly many different types of planes. Chris did a lot of research for the National Aeronautics and Space Admmistration (NASA) in the United States and had special training. Finally, in 1995 he rode his first rocket into space.

Chris became the first Canadian astronaut to walk in spare, and went on a number of space missions throughout his carcer. The most memorable was his five-month stay on the International Space Station (ISS) as commander, between December 2012 and May 2013. He posted on social media thousands of photos of Earth and videos of himself explaining how things work in zero gravity. His followers could watch him sleeping, brushing his teeth, washing his hands, or preparing "space" snacks in zero gravity, which turned him into a social media phenomenon.

Today, Chris travels the world giving talks about his work. He once said, "Decide in your heart of hearts what really excites and challenges you, and start moving your life in that direction. Every decision you make, from what you eat to what you do with your time tonight, turns you into who you are tomorrow. Look at who you want to be, and stan sculpting yourself into that person. You may not get exactly where you thought you'd be, but you will be doing things that suit you in a profession you believe in. Don't let life randomly kick you into the adult you don't want to become."

20.What led Chris to make up his mind to be an astronaut?

A. The life on his parents' farm. B. His ability to fly various planes.

C. Apollo 11's landing on the Moon. D. His passion for studying engines.

21.What made Chris popular in the media?

A. The space tasks he conducted in his life.

B. The pictures and videos he posted online.

C. His inspiring talks about his work around the world.

D. His great contributions to Canada's space industry.

22.What can we learn from Chris' words in the last paragraph?

A. Courage is what it takes to overcome difficulties.

B. Opportunities go hand in hand with challenges.

C. From small beginnings coms, treat endings.

D. The key to success lies in the firm aim.

23.Which of the following best describes Chris?

A. Strong-willed and hardworking. B. Adventurous and outgoing.

C. Optimistic and responsible. D. Smart and knowledgeable.

答案以及解析

1.答案：turning

解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：她从未见过一个国家有这样的集体奉献精神，通过牺牲个人的便利来让事情变得更好。根据句子分析可知，此处做状语，主语She与turn之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词做状语。故填turning。

2.答案：making

解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：每个雕像都有不同的脸，这使得研究人员相信每一个都是真实士兵的复制品。分析句子可知，设空处在句中作状语，应使用动词的现在分词的形式作结果状语，故填making。

3.答案：keeping

解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：这些让我们安全和舒适的智能家居将受到大多数家庭的欢迎。分析句子可知 will be welcomed 是谓语动词，空处需填非谓语动词作定语，keep与被修饰词homes之间是主谓的关系，故用现在分词。故填keeping。

4.答案：Stepping

解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：踏进校园，我感到极其开心。分析句子成分可知，谓语动词为felt，故空处需要填非谓语的形式。句子主语为I，和空处提示词step形成逻辑主谓关系，故用现在分词形式stepping表主动，单词放句首需要大写"S"。故填Stepping。

5.答案：Judging

解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：从她的上一封信来看，他们在那里过得很愉快。固定搭配judging from (从……判断)，首字母大写，现在分词作状语。故填Judging。

6.答案：leading

解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：许多在加拿大的中国移民的孩子在学校学习英语，在家里说中文，因此两种语言都很流利。lead to为固定短语，意为"造成，导致，致使"；分析句子可知，该句已有动词，设空出应为非谓语动词，另因逻辑主语Many children of Chinese immigrants in Canada study English at school and speak Chinese at home与lead to互为主谓关系，应用现在分词形式，在句中作状语。故填leading。

7.答案：Having waited

解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：在公园等了她两个小时之后，我不得不离开了。分析句子结构和意思可知，句子主语I是动词wait的发出者，存在逻辑上的主谓关系，所以用现在分词形式，表示主动；动词wait发生在谓语动词had to leave之前，所以用现在分词的完成式。故填Having waited。

8.答案：facing

解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：荒漠化是世界上许多国家面临的严重问题。分析句子可知，句中有系动词is且句中无连词，故空格处应用非谓语动词；problem和face为逻辑上的主谓关系，故应用现在分词facing表主动。故填facing。

9.答案：contributing

解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：那么，影响数学教学成功的主要因素是什么呢？分析句子可知，contribute作定语，修饰factors，二者之间是主动关系，用现在分词作定语，contributing factors"影响因素"。故填contributing。

10.答案：approaching

解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：随着冬天的临近，许多动物都在储存食物。此处是with复合结构，winter和approach之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词，作宾语补足语，表主动。故填approaching。

11.答案：studying

解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：他是牛津大学的一名攻读计算机科学学位的学生。分析句子结构可知，此句已有谓语is，所以此空应用非谓语动词，结合句意，可知此空是空前名词a student的定语，a student与study之间是主动关系，且表示"正在攻读计算机科学学位"，所以用现在分词。故填studying。

12.答案：informing

解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：该系统包括六个摄像头，用于探测洞、岩石或其他材料，当需要解决问题时通知农民。本句已有谓语，空处用非谓语；主语This system与inform之间是主动关系，用现在分词作状语。故填informing。

13.答案：Weighing

解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：这本大而全面的电子词典仅重96克，便于携带和使用。分析句子可知，谓语为后文is，故空处应用非谓语形式；动词weigh和逻辑主语the great all-round electronic dictionary之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词weighing表主动，位于句首需要大写"W"。故填Weighing。

14.答案：adding

解析：考查现在分词。句意：来访的部长对谈话表示满意，并补充说他在这里过得很愉快。动词add和逻辑主语The visiting minister之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词作状语。故填adding。

15.答案：with/by

16.答案：C

解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，讲述了座头鲸的歌声及其歌声的意义。故选C。

17.答案：B

解析：细节理解题。由文章的第3段but scientists showed this was incorrect when they played recordings of whale songs in the ocean and the female whales did not respond.可知，当科学家们在海洋中播放鲸鱼叫声的录音时，发现这种说法是错误的，因为雌性鲸鱼没有反应。故选B。

18.答案：A

解析：细节理解题。由第2段中Darling recorded the whale's song, which can be long and complex, sometimes lasting for 30 minutes or more. Actually, they are perhaps the longest songs sung by any animal.(达林录制了鲸鱼的歌声，这首歌可以很长很复杂，有时会持续30分钟甚至更长时间。事实上，它们可能是所有动物唱的最长的歌。)可知，座头鲸的歌声长且复杂。A错误。故选A。

19.答案：B

解析：细节理解题。由第2段中When swimming with the whale, Chadwick could see that the whale was aware of him,和最后一段第1句Another member of the research team, photographer Flip Nicklin, recalls a special moment he had while interacting with a humpback.可知，他们的共同点是"他们和鲸鱼一起游泳。"故选B。

20.答案：C

解析：细节理解题。根据首段"In 1969, watching the landing of Apollo 11 on the Moon on TV from his parents'farm in Canada, Chris Hadfield was amazed and excited. On that day, at only nine years old, Chris made the most important decision of his life: He was going to be an astronaut. (1969年，克里斯·哈德菲尔德在加拿大父母的农场里通过电视观看阿波罗11号登陆月球，他既惊讶又兴奋。在那一天，只有九岁的克里斯做出了他一生中最重要的决定：他要成为一名宇航员。)"可知，通过电视观看阿波罗11号登陆月球使克里斯下定决心成为一名宇航员。故选C。

21.答案：B

解析：细节理解题。根据第三段最后两句"He posted on social media thousands of photos of Earth and videos of himself explaining how things work in zero gravity. His followers could watch him sleeping, brushing his teeth, washing his hands, or preparing "space" snacks in zero gravity, which turned him into a social media phenomenon. (他在社交媒体上发布了数千张地球的照片和自己的视频，解释了在零重力下事物是如何工作的。他的粉丝们可以看到他在零重力下睡觉、刷牙、洗手或准备"太空"零食，这让他成为了社交媒体达人。)"可知，克里斯上传到网上的照片和视频使克里斯在媒体中很受欢迎。故选B。

22.答案：D

解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句"Decide in your heart of hearts what really excites and challenges you, and start moving your life in that direction.(从内心深处决定什么能真正让你兴奋和挑战你，然后开始朝着那个方向前进。)"及末句"Don't let life randomly kick you into the adult you don't want to become.(不要让生活随意地把你踢进你不想成为的成年人。)"可知，从克里斯的话中，我们可以知道，想要成功，一定要坚持自己的目标。故选D。

23.答案：A

解析：推理判断题。根据第二段第一二句"There wasn't even a training program in Canada to become an astronaut; but Chris was determined. He spent a great deal of time studying and fixing engines. (在加拿大甚至没有成为宇航员的培训项目；但克里斯下定了决心。他花了大量时间研究和修理发动机。)"可知，克里斯意志坚定而且工作勤奋。故选A。