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【中考二轮复习】2023年英语高频考点汇编——专题14 被动语态 课件(共39张PPT)
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这是一份【中考二轮复习】2023年英语高频考点汇编——专题14 被动语态 课件(共39张PPT)，共39页。PPT课件主要包含了概念与构成，含有情态动词，一般现在时的被动语态，历年真题，一般过去时的被动语态，一般将来时的被动语态，现在进行时的被动语态，现在完成时的被动语态，过去完成时的被动语态，过去进行时的被动语态等内容，欢迎下载使用。
语态是动词的一种形式，用来说明句子主语和谓语动词之间的关系。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者； 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
主动语态：执行者+动词+承受者We clean ur classrm every day.
被动语态：承受者+be动词+过去分词
主动语态和被动语态的区别？
Our classrm is cleaned by us every day.
am/is/are + dne
was/were + dne
will/ shall/ be ging t /be+ dne
am/is/are + being dne
was/were+ being dne
have/has+been dne
had+been dne
情态动词+be dne
被动语态中，be动词就当动词去用它的原形是________.它的ing形式是________. 它的过去分词_________.
含情态动词的一般现在时
以下被动语态分别属于什么时态？
In rder t make ur hmetwn mre beautiful, trees _______ arund the city every year. plantB. are plantedC. will plant2. Sft drinks _______ t children fr free in sme restaurants n Children’s Day. fferB. have fferedC. are fferedD. will be ffered
--Hey, Mlly. Yu ______ n the phne just nw. But yu weren’t here and the man left a phne number. --Oh? I was in the library. wantedB. are wantedC. were wantedD. have wanted2. There was a big earthquake in Japan, but luckily many peple ______ . A. saveB. savedC. are saved D. were saved
Mre mney _______ when we use bth sides f paper. will saveB. was savedC. has savedD. will be saved 2. The radi says a wild animal z is ging t _____ in ur city. be builtB. builtC. buildD. be building
N decisin _____ abut that matter yet. We are still cnsidering it. has been madeB. has madeC. will be madeD. will make
含有情态动词的被动语态
--It’s difficult fr village children t crss the river t schl. -- I think a bridge _____ ver the river. shuld be builtB. will buildis builtD. was built2. –Hw ften d I need t feed the birds? -- They ______ fd every day, r they will be hungry. must giveB. mustn’t giveC. must be givenD. mustn’t be given
·不知道谁是动作的执行者时
·没必要说，不想说或动作的执行者众所周知时
The glass was brken yesterday.
The machine is made in China.
The sick girl is being taken care f.
The plan was supprted by thse wh lived far away frm the factry.
哪些结构经常用作被动？
It is said that his child is lst. It is reprted that china has wn 38 gld medals in Lndn Olympics.3. It is believed that reading increases ur knwledge. 4. It is hped that yu can be present at the meeting. 5. It is well-knwn that the earth is nt rund. 6. It is thught that babies can hear music befre they are brn.
He is suppsed t be here, but he isn’t .The bss is angry.These trees need t be watered every day. The trip had t be put ff because f the bad weather.
need t be dne:某件事需要被做
have t be dne某件事不得不被做
三、主动语态转换被动语态
step ne：将主动句的宾语变为被动句的主语
step tw：将谓语动词由主动形式改为被动形式：be+过去分词
step three：将主动句的主语改为被动句中介词by的宾语（by短语有时可以省去）
We plant many trees every year.(主动)
Many trees are planted by us every year.(被动)
My students always share ideas in class. Ideas ______ always _______ by my students in class. 2. His parents didn’t catch his wrds at nce. His wrds _______ _______ by his parents at nce. 3. The University will invite many graduates t celebrate its 100th birthday.Many graduates will ________ ________ by the University t celebrate its 100th birthday.
She gave me a bk. = A bk was given t me by her. = I was given a bk by her.
在双宾结构中，直接宾语和间接宾语都可以作为主语，如果把直接宾语变成主语，间接宾语前仍然需要介词t , fr.
He passes a cup t me. They buy a present fr Lily. We shwed him a pstcard. My mther made a cake fr me.
A cup is passed t me by him.
I am passed a cup by him.
A present is bught fr Lily by them.
Lily is bught a present by them.
A pstcard was shwed t him by us.
He was shwed a pstcard by us.
A cake was made fr me by my mther.
I was made a cake by my mther.
We shuld speak t ld men plitely.= Old men shuld be spken t plitely by us.
不及物动词+介词、副词组成的动词短语在变为被动时，后面的介词或副词不能丢掉。
“主语+谓语+宾语+宾补”的句式转换
The man painted the dr green yesterday. The dr was painted green yesterday.
含有宾语补足语的主动句变为被动句时，可将其宾语变为主语，宾补保留在原处作为主语补足语。
The kite was made by Jim.The cup was brken by the by.
by短语一般放在被动句的谓语动词之后。
2. by短语的省略。
Cmputers are widely used nwadays.Yur hmewrk must be finished n time. These questins shuld be answered as sn as pssible.
在被动句中，当不知道动作的执行者、不想说出动作的执行者或动作的执行者是泛指时，常省略by短语。
3. 主动语态不能变为被动语态的情况①：
The sng sunds great ！ The lamb feels sft. She lks yung in the red dress. The dumplings tasted delicius. The cffee smelt gd. The accident happened in this street last week. The accident tk place in this street last week.
不及物动词，因为不能跟宾语，所以无被动。感官动词无被动。
3. 主动语态不能变为被动语态的情况②：
The child can dress himself. Finally we understand each ther.
宾语是反身代词或相互代词的句子，不能变为被动语态。
I have a new bike. The trusers fit me well.
用表示状态的动词时，如 have, wn, fail, fit, suit , last，不能变为被动语态。
3. 主动语态不能变为被动语态的情况③：
His friends left Beijing by train yesterday. He jined the army last year.
用动词leave, enter, jin等作谓语的句子，不能变为被动语态。
He hpes t find a better jb. We all enjy playing cmputer games.
宾语是动词不定式或动名词时，不能变为被动语态。
4. 主动形式表示被动意义的情况
My hair needs washing. This film is wrth seeing. The windws want cleaning.
need ding 需要做； be wrth ding值得做…want ding需要做； 主动表示被动。
5. 主动语态中被省略的t在被动语态中要还原
The great news made her feel happy.We saw him leave just nw. I heard her sing in her rm.
She was made t feel happy by the great news.
He was seen t leave just nw.
She was heard t sing in her rm.
使役动词和表示感官动词主动语态中，加不含t的不定式；在被动语态中还原t
语态是动词的一种形式，用来说明句子主语和谓语动词之间的关系。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者； 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
主动语态：执行者+动词+承受者We clean ur classrm every day.
被动语态：承受者+be动词+过去分词
主动语态和被动语态的区别？
Our classrm is cleaned by us every day.
am/is/are + dne
was/were + dne
will/ shall/ be ging t /be+ dne
am/is/are + being dne
was/were+ being dne
have/has+been dne
had+been dne
情态动词+be dne
被动语态中，be动词就当动词去用它的原形是________.它的ing形式是________. 它的过去分词_________.
含情态动词的一般现在时
以下被动语态分别属于什么时态？
In rder t make ur hmetwn mre beautiful, trees _______ arund the city every year. plantB. are plantedC. will plant2. Sft drinks _______ t children fr free in sme restaurants n Children’s Day. fferB. have fferedC. are fferedD. will be ffered
--Hey, Mlly. Yu ______ n the phne just nw. But yu weren’t here and the man left a phne number. --Oh? I was in the library. wantedB. are wantedC. were wantedD. have wanted2. There was a big earthquake in Japan, but luckily many peple ______ . A. saveB. savedC. are saved D. were saved
Mre mney _______ when we use bth sides f paper. will saveB. was savedC. has savedD. will be saved 2. The radi says a wild animal z is ging t _____ in ur city. be builtB. builtC. buildD. be building
N decisin _____ abut that matter yet. We are still cnsidering it. has been madeB. has madeC. will be madeD. will make
含有情态动词的被动语态
--It’s difficult fr village children t crss the river t schl. -- I think a bridge _____ ver the river. shuld be builtB. will buildis builtD. was built2. –Hw ften d I need t feed the birds? -- They ______ fd every day, r they will be hungry. must giveB. mustn’t giveC. must be givenD. mustn’t be given
·不知道谁是动作的执行者时
·没必要说，不想说或动作的执行者众所周知时
The glass was brken yesterday.
The machine is made in China.
The sick girl is being taken care f.
The plan was supprted by thse wh lived far away frm the factry.
哪些结构经常用作被动？
It is said that his child is lst. It is reprted that china has wn 38 gld medals in Lndn Olympics.3. It is believed that reading increases ur knwledge. 4. It is hped that yu can be present at the meeting. 5. It is well-knwn that the earth is nt rund. 6. It is thught that babies can hear music befre they are brn.
He is suppsed t be here, but he isn’t .The bss is angry.These trees need t be watered every day. The trip had t be put ff because f the bad weather.
need t be dne:某件事需要被做
have t be dne某件事不得不被做
三、主动语态转换被动语态
step ne：将主动句的宾语变为被动句的主语
step tw：将谓语动词由主动形式改为被动形式：be+过去分词
step three：将主动句的主语改为被动句中介词by的宾语（by短语有时可以省去）
We plant many trees every year.(主动)
Many trees are planted by us every year.(被动)
My students always share ideas in class. Ideas ______ always _______ by my students in class. 2. His parents didn’t catch his wrds at nce. His wrds _______ _______ by his parents at nce. 3. The University will invite many graduates t celebrate its 100th birthday.Many graduates will ________ ________ by the University t celebrate its 100th birthday.
She gave me a bk. = A bk was given t me by her. = I was given a bk by her.
在双宾结构中，直接宾语和间接宾语都可以作为主语，如果把直接宾语变成主语，间接宾语前仍然需要介词t , fr.
He passes a cup t me. They buy a present fr Lily. We shwed him a pstcard. My mther made a cake fr me.
A cup is passed t me by him.
I am passed a cup by him.
A present is bught fr Lily by them.
Lily is bught a present by them.
A pstcard was shwed t him by us.
He was shwed a pstcard by us.
A cake was made fr me by my mther.
I was made a cake by my mther.
We shuld speak t ld men plitely.= Old men shuld be spken t plitely by us.
不及物动词+介词、副词组成的动词短语在变为被动时，后面的介词或副词不能丢掉。
“主语+谓语+宾语+宾补”的句式转换
The man painted the dr green yesterday. The dr was painted green yesterday.
含有宾语补足语的主动句变为被动句时，可将其宾语变为主语，宾补保留在原处作为主语补足语。
The kite was made by Jim.The cup was brken by the by.
by短语一般放在被动句的谓语动词之后。
2. by短语的省略。
Cmputers are widely used nwadays.Yur hmewrk must be finished n time. These questins shuld be answered as sn as pssible.
在被动句中，当不知道动作的执行者、不想说出动作的执行者或动作的执行者是泛指时，常省略by短语。
3. 主动语态不能变为被动语态的情况①：
The sng sunds great ！ The lamb feels sft. She lks yung in the red dress. The dumplings tasted delicius. The cffee smelt gd. The accident happened in this street last week. The accident tk place in this street last week.
不及物动词，因为不能跟宾语，所以无被动。感官动词无被动。
3. 主动语态不能变为被动语态的情况②：
The child can dress himself. Finally we understand each ther.
宾语是反身代词或相互代词的句子，不能变为被动语态。
I have a new bike. The trusers fit me well.
用表示状态的动词时，如 have, wn, fail, fit, suit , last，不能变为被动语态。
3. 主动语态不能变为被动语态的情况③：
His friends left Beijing by train yesterday. He jined the army last year.
用动词leave, enter, jin等作谓语的句子，不能变为被动语态。
He hpes t find a better jb. We all enjy playing cmputer games.
宾语是动词不定式或动名词时，不能变为被动语态。
4. 主动形式表示被动意义的情况
My hair needs washing. This film is wrth seeing. The windws want cleaning.
need ding 需要做； be wrth ding值得做…want ding需要做； 主动表示被动。
5. 主动语态中被省略的t在被动语态中要还原
The great news made her feel happy.We saw him leave just nw. I heard her sing in her rm.
She was made t feel happy by the great news.
He was seen t leave just nw.
She was heard t sing in her rm.
使役动词和表示感官动词主动语态中，加不含t的不定式；在被动语态中还原t
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