【中考二轮题型复习】2023年英语题型全面解读与技巧点拨学案——专题02 完形填空题解题技巧（解析+原卷版）

这是一份【中考二轮题型复习】2023年英语题型全面解读与技巧点拨学案——专题02 完形填空题解题技巧（解析+原卷版），文件包含2023年英语题型全面解读与技巧点拨学案专题02完形填空题解题技巧解析版doc、2023年英语题型全面解读与技巧点拨学案专题02完形填空题解题技巧原卷版doc等2份学案配套教学资源，其中学案共25页， 欢迎下载使用。

从近几年的中考题来看,完形填空题加大了对文章的结构意义、上下文衔接、逻辑思维等内容的考查比例,另外还增加了情景句的考查,把同义、近义或比较难区分的词汇放到一定的语境中考查,这对考生来说无疑增加了难度。这就需要考生在解答问题时应遵循以下做题原则:“先完其意,而后完其形”,也就是说先了解文章的大意,然后才能做题。考查的语篇类型主要以记叙文、说明文为主,词数145~225。考点分析:每篇8~10道小题。以考查语境为主,同时考查各类词的词义辨析。必考点:名词、动词、形容词。
一、完形填空的考查类型
1. 词汇题。
从句子和语境层次上全面考查名词、代词、数词、形容词、副词、连词、介词、动词等词类的意义和用法。
2. 动词的时态、语态、非谓语动词和主谓一致题。
从语境的层次来全面考查学生对上述内容的掌握程度。
3. 常用固定搭配和习惯用法题。
涉及动词短语、介词短语、副词短语等的搭配和用法。
4. 句法题。
涉及简单句的五种句型、并列句、状语从句、宾语从句、定语从句等。
5. 逻辑分析题。
主要考查学生的阅读理解能力、综合分析能力和语言运用能力。
一、完形填空解题步骤：
一）、快速浏览，重视首句
在浏览文章时，我们既要重视文中诸如人名、时间、连词之类的关键词，抽取重要的信息点，也要注意不要在具体的细节上花费太多时间。看句子、抓主干、看大意、抓结构就可以了。还需要特别注意的是，完形填空的首句一般不设空。因为首句是整篇文章信息的开端和起点，决定了下文信息流动的方式和方向，也为整篇文章提供了足够的背景信息，所以我们要高度重视文章的首句。
二）、通读全文，先易后难
快速浏览完文章后，我们已经初步了解了文章的主旨大意，接下来，我们就要通读全文，把所给的几个选项分别填入空白处所在的句子中。在做完形填空题时，我们一定要注意在语境理解上下功夫，抓住上下文的内容联系和逻辑关系，注意连词、代词、插入语等的作用。另外，我们往往会发现有些空白处在快速浏览阶段就可以填出，而有些在通读全文后答案都不是很明朗。遇到这种情况，不要慌张，在把其余空白处的内容”复原”后，我们对语境的了解就会更加清晰、更加准确，这时再来啃那些”硬骨头”就会比较容易。
三）、复读全文，验证答案
相对于前面两步，第三步往往不被考生注意。完形填空来自于一篇完整的短文，我们的任务是还原短文原貌。我们只有复读短文，才能感悟出所选答案和原文是否匹配，上下文是否自相矛盾，语篇衔接是否顺畅。在复读的过程中，我们可能会发现有些选项需要重新考虑。
二、完形填空主要解题方法：
方法一：利用上下文线索解题
对于大部分完形填空题，我们需要通过上下文的线索解题。有些解题的线索就在题目的附近；有些解题的线索比较远，甚至要跨段去寻找线索。
One cld winter mrning, Jim fell frm his father’s bike and his legs culdn’t mve. A dctr 16 him and said he had t stay in bed fr sme time.
16. A. saw B. asked C. hear D. checked
分析：承接前文“腿不能动”，主语dctr“医生”提示用动词check“检查”，符合句意“医生给他做了检查”。故选D。
N matter wh yu are and where yu live, the mst imprtant thing is what kind f persn yu are. There are many gd qualities that can benefit yu a lt in yur life. Amng them, the fllwing 21 qualities are the mst helpful nes.
Have a 22 attitude. ...
Keep learning. ...
Be creative. …
Be hnest and keep yur prmise. …
21. A. three B. fur C. five
〖解析〗：根据下文具体给出的例子可在此处是四个。故选B。
方法二：利用重复词语、派生词、近义词等解题
被选作完形填空材料的文章一般前后呼应，主题明确，往往会有词语重复出现，或者以其派生词、近义词等其他形式出现的现象，这类题目一般比较容易解答。
But fr many years, salt’s mst imprtant jb was t 40 fd. Like ther living things, mst bacteria (细菌) need water t live. Salt takes in plenty f water, s mst bacteria cannt live 41 a salty envirnment. As a result, salt prtects fd and many ther things.
40. A. prtectB. prvide C. prduce D. prepare
〖解析〗考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是数年来，盐的最重要的作用是保护食物。prtect保护；prvide提供；prduce生产；prepare准备。从下句As a result, salt prtects fd and many ther things.知，盐可以保护很多食物和别的东西。故选A。
方法三：利用语法知识解题
虽然完形填空的考查越来越淡化语法，但是一个语义连贯的语篇必须是符合各种语法关系的。因此考生在解题时可以将几个选项分别代入空中，对句子进行语法分析、判断，从而缩小答案范围或选出正确答案。
Space travel is nthing new. The first spaceship with a human was sent up 36 space in 1961. Since then, peple have nt nly travelled t space, 37 many f them have als lived there in space statins fr sme time.
36. A. int B. with C. f
37. A. fr B. but C. unless
〖解析〗36考查介词辨析。由set up int“发射进入”可知。故选A。
37考查固定搭配。nt nly… but (als)为固定搭配，意为“不仅……；而且……”。故选B。
Space travel is nthing new. The first spaceship with a human was sent up 36 space in 1961. Since then, peple have nt nly travelled t space, 37 many f them have als lived there in space statins fr sme time.
36. A. int B. with C. f
37. A. fr B. but C. unless
〖解析〗36考查介词辨析。由set up int“发射进入”可知。故选A。
37考查固定搭配。nt nly… but (als)为固定搭配，意为“不仅……；而且……”。故选B。
方法四：利用文化背景知识、生活常识等进行逻辑推理
完形填空题的语篇有时会渗透着相关的文化背景知识和生活常识，如：科学知识、历史知识、地理知识、风俗民情、民族习惯等。在做题时，如果能积极地调动自己的文化背景知识和生活常识，巧妙地加以运用，将会大大简化复杂的分析与判断思维过程，节省宝贵的时间。
Hearing this, the dg wke up, rse with its ears 18 and wagged(摇摆) its tail.
18. A. dwnB. upC. ffD. thrugh
〖解析〗句意：听到这个，狗醒了，竖起耳朵，摇着尾巴。根据常识可知，狗醒了耳朵是竖起，故选B。
Films and TV plays als play a part. Peple 16._______ their “heres” n TV drinking alchl(酒) r 17._______ cigarettes.
16. A. hear B. catch C. watch
〖解析〗考查动词的词义辨析。根据句意，人们在电视上观看….，故选C。
方法五：排除干扰，去伪存真
我们在做完形填空题时，有时会遇到这种情况：对某个题目的正确选项的含义、用法不甚明白，但发现其他选项却有显而易见的谬误，这时，我们可以尝试用排除法。
需要注意的是，很多时候判断一道完形填空题的正确答案要从多角度考虑，把语境、语法、常识等有机结合起来。同时也可以从某个角度选出答案，再从其他角度对答案进行印证。总之，大家在掌握这些解题技巧之后，要注意灵活运用到解题过程中，以提高自己的解题能力。
学以致用
A
（2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·统考二模）
Having t set an alarm every day t wake up early is an ____1____ feeling. N ne likes waking up early in the mrning. Then what are easy ways t have a best day ever? Well, the fllwing steps may be ____2____ great help.
Get ready the night befre!
The first way f becming mrning persns and making sure yu have an amazing day is by getting ready the night befre.____3____ yu will nt frget anything. Fr example, yu must remember t put all yur schl things in the schlbag.
Have a glass f water!
As sn as yur head lifts ff the pillw (枕头), take a glass f water and d sme quick ____4____ . The bld starts flwing (流动) thrugh yur bdy and gives yu a day’s enugh ____5____ .
Listen t sme music!
Listen t smething that is ging t get yu up and make yu ready fr the day. A thrwback playlist ( 复古歌曲播放列表) is always a gd idea, which will give yur bdy a chance t wake up and yur brain ____6____ .
Eat breakfast!
There is ____7____ that the best way t feel and lk gd fr the whle day is by eating a gd breakfast. Milk, bread, prridge and vegetables may be a gd chice fr yu. Yur bdy needs fd t keep it ging and a hungry stmach makes yu d things ____8____ .
Remember t smile!
N matter hw tired yu are r hw lng the day ____9____ , smiling and laughing will help yu get thrugh all the stress, ____10____ the suggestins right away if yu want t have a best day ever.
根据短文内容选择最佳答案。
1．A．interestingB．awfulC．encuraging
2．A．withB．frC．f
3．A．Make sureB．Be sureC．Wrk ut
4．A．exerciseB．sprtC．dancing
5．A．weightB．energyC．curage
6．A．smething activeB．anything activeC．smething actively
7．A．n trubleB．n dubtC．n prblem
8．A．badB．mre wrseC．badly
9．A．feels likeB．sunds likeC．makes up
10．A．FllwingB．FllwC．Fllwed
B
（2022·四川遂宁·校考模拟预测）
Chinese are very generus(慷慨的) when it cmes t educating their children. Nt caring abut the ___11___, parents ften send their children t the best schls r even abrad—t England, the USA r Australia. The Chinese ___12___ that the mre expensive the educatin is, ___13___ it is. ___14___ parents will spend a lt f mney ___15___ their children’s educatin. Even ___16___ parents will buy a cmputer fr their sn r daughter. Thugh they’re nt rich, they wuld rather pay fr the educatin.
Parents can ___17___ that their children’s skills are different, skilled in sme areas while pr in thers. But mst ___18___ fail t realize that the children tday need mre self﹣cnfidence.
The prblem is that parents are nly educating their children n hw t ___19___ tests and hw t study well, but they are nt teaching them the mst imprtant skills _____20_____ they need. And these skills are imprtant t help them t be _____21_____, happy and clever.
Parents can achieve this _____22_____ teaching their children the skills like cking r ding ther husewrk.
Teaching a child t ck will _____23_____ many f the skills that he will need later in life. Cking needs patience and time. It is an interesting _____24_____ difficult experience. A gd ck _____25_____ tries t imprve his cking, s he will learn t wrk hard and gradually finish _____26_____ jb successfully. His result, a well-cked dinner, will make him _____27_____ gd and give him a lt f self-cnfidence.
Sme ld machines, such as a brken radi r TV set that yu give yur child t play _____28_____, will make him interested and want t knw mre. He will spend hurs studying them and trying t fix them. Yur child might becme an engineer when he _____29_____. These activities are teaching a child nt nly t study at schl, but als _____30_____ t use his mind. And that is mre imprtant.
11．A．mneyB．educatinC．children
12．A．cmpareB．believeC．disagree
13．A．the betterB．the bestC．the gd
14．A．OrB．SC．But
15．A．inB．nC．fr
16．A．ldB．richC．pr
17．A．seeB．hpeC．allw
18．A．snsB．daughtersC．parents
19．A．discussB．passC．give
20．A．whatB．whC．that
21．A．educatinalB．differentC．cnfident
22．A．befreB．byC．f
23．A．imprveB．chseC．miss
24．A．andB．butC．s
25．A．smetimesB．alwaysC．never
26．A．myB．hisC．her
27．A．sundB．lkC．feel
28．A．withB．frC．against
29．A．wakes upB．grws upC．shws up
30．A．t thinkB．thinkC．thinking
C
（2022·四川泸州·统考模拟预测）
A lng time ag, there was a huge apple tree. A little by lved t cme and lay arund it every day. He ___31___ t the tree tp, ate the apples, tk a nap under the shadw. He lved the tree and the tree lved t play with him.
Time went ___32___, the little by had grwn up and he n lnger played arund the tree every day. One day, the by came back t the tree and he lked ___33___. “Cme and play with me,” the tree asked the by. “I am n lnger a kid. I dn’t play arund trees anymre.” The by ___34___, “I want tys. I need mney t buy them.” “Srry, but I dn’t have mney, but yu can pick all my apples and sell them. S, yu will have mney.” The by was s ___35___. He grabbed all the apples n the tree and left happily. The by ___36___ came back after he picked the apples. The tree was sad.
One day, the by returned and the tree was s excited. “Cme and play with me,” the tree said. “I dn’t have ___37___ t play. I have t wrk fr my family. We need a huse fr shelter. Can yu help me?” “Srry, but I dn’t have a huse. But yu can chp ff my branches t ___38___ yur huse.” S the by cut all the branches ff the tree and left happily. The tree was glad t see him happy but the by never ___39___ fr a lng time.
Finally, the by returned after he left fr s many years. “Srry, my by, I really can’t give yu anything. The nly thing left is ____40____ dying rts,” the tree said with tears.
“I dn’t need much nw, just a place t ____41____. I am tired.” The by replied. “Gd! Old tree rts is the best place t lean n and rest. Cme and sit dwn with me and rest.” The by sat dwn and the tree was glad and smiled with tears.
This is a stry f everyne. The tree is ur ____42____. When we were yung, we lved t play with Mm and Dad. When we grew up, we left them, and nly came t them when we need smething r when we are ____43____. N matter what happens, parents will always be there and give ____44____ they culd t make yu happy. Yu may think that the by is cruel t the tree ____45____ that’s hw all f us are treating ur parents.
31．A．satB．grewC．climbedD．left
32．A．nB．dwnC．byD．in
33．A．sadB．happyC．excitedD．surprised
34．A．askedB．repliedC．thughtD．tld
35．A．srryB．lvelyC．tiredD．excited
36．A．alwaysB．usuallyC．ftenD．never
37．A．mneyB．timeC．pepleD．place
38．A．makeB．buildC．startD．run
39．A．shwed upB．put upC．shwed backD．shwed arund
40．A．hisB．yurC．myD．her
41．A．sleepB．sitC．playD．rest
42．A．parentsB．friendsC．brthersD．sisters
43．A．in dangerB．in trubleC．in chargeD．in case
44．A．smethingB．anythingC．nthingD．everything
45．A．sB．rC．butD．if
D
（2022·陕西西安·校考模拟预测）
When I was a little by, I felt unhappy. I was really different frm ther kids just because there was smething wrng with my eyes.
I culdn’t see things arund me ___46___. When my classmates played games happily utside, I ___47___ nly stay at hme and lk ut f the windw alne. Fr a lng time, I felt hpeless, ___48___ my mther always said that I was the precius (宝贵的) gift in her eyes.
1 asked the Spirit, “___49___ me a pair f eyes which can’t see the wrld?” Of curse, there was n reply.
I turned t bks ___50___ help. Bks are my friends. When I was sad, they cheered me up; when I felt excited, they shared my ___51___. Thanks t them, I ___52___ t anther wrld where I culd learn a lt and enjy myself.
I began t write dwn my thughts and keep them as ___53___ secret. Nbdy knew it. When I studied at a middle schl, I had a nice teacher. He read all my pems and said “Well dne!” He always ___54___ me in class and he kept helping me. Nw I can d many things like thers. I am full f energy (精力) and cnfidence (自信) every day. S please believe in ____55____ and try yur best t be a better persn. Remember that everyne is unique (独特的).
46．A．clearB．clearlyC．carefulD．carefully
47．A．canB．needC．culdD．needed
48．A．althughB．becauseC．unlessD．if
49．A．Why yu giveB．Why d yu giveC．Why yu have givenD．Why have yu given
50．A．frB．tC．withD．abut
51．A．happyB．happinessC．unhappyD．unhappiness
52．A．tkB．am takenC．was takenD．will take
53．A．aB．theC．/D．an
54．A．praisesB．praiseC．has praisedD．praised
55．A．yurselfB．yuC．yurD．yurs