【备考2023】中考英语重难点专题特训学案（全国通用）—— 32 任务型阅读之判断正误 （原卷版+解析版）

这是一份【备考2023】中考英语重难点专题特训学案（全国通用）—— 32 任务型阅读之判断正误 （原卷版+解析版），文件包含备考2023中考英语重难点专题特训学案全国通用32任务型阅读之判断正误解析版docx、备考2023中考英语重难点专题特训学案全国通用32任务型阅读之判断正误原卷版docx等2份学案配套教学资源，其中学案共39页， 欢迎下载使用。
专项五 中考题型
重难点32 任务型阅读之判断正误

判断正误解题步骤 
任务型阅读理解题的解题的关键在于正确把握要求与符合要求的条件之间的一一对应关系，该类的
＂对应＂可能是＂主旨对应＂，也可能是＂情节对应＂，还可以是＂细节对应＂等。同学们只要能够把握住这一原则就能轻松做好这种试题。 
＂一一对应阅读方法＂的具体步骤如下： 
第一步：认真阅读背景介绍，了解话题或主题。 
第二步：仔细阅读题目，找出不同人物的不同要求，并在关键词下划线，以便有利于为后面的顺利解题创造良好的条件。 
第三：对照题目的要求，从选项中选出符合以上要求的对应条件。有时，只要顺着关键词的线索就能轻松找到正确的答案。 
第四步：快速对照要求和条件两条线索通读一遍，做到万无一失，提高答题的准确率。


任务型阅读理解测试主要考查考生在有限的时间内根据不同的人的不同需要捕捉到相应的有效信息的能力。任务型阅读理解题所选文章题材真实可靠，内容贴近现代社会生活，涉及学生生活、富有时代气息，语言原汁原味。 
该题型主要考查考生是否能够有效地运用语言＂做事＂的能力，体现了语言能力、智力能力和社会经验等方面能力的有机结合。从某种意义上来说，这一题型的阅读理解实际上就是一道高水平的智能检测题——综合检测考生的阅读、理解、分析、判断、跨文化交际知识以及心理感悟能力等。如果考生心理承受力比较弱，或者应试时头脑一时不那么开窍，恐怕很快就会感觉犹如＂雾里看花＂，似它非它了；而且考生对某一题的错误判断会影响其对其他题目作出正确的分析和判断，产生曼延作用。 
典例解析
（2022·贵州铜仁·统考中考真题）根据短文内容，判断1-5小题句子的正（A）或误（B），并在答题卡的相应位置将其涂黑。
Every living thing needs to reproduce（繁殖）. Reproducing means creating more members of your group. In order for plants to reproduce, they have to spread their seeds（种子）to other areas. Plants have developed all kinds of ways to do this.
The simplest way is gravity（重力）. Many seeds are inside of fruit. When fruit gets too heavy, it falls from a tree to the ground. Sometimes animals will pick up the fruit and drop it in another area. That helps move the seed even farther away. Apples spread this way.
Other plants use wind to spread their seeds. Dandelions（蒲公英）are a good example of this. Dandelion seeds are so light that when wind blows, it carries dandelion seeds to new places. Maple（枫树）seeds also use wind. Their seeds are connected with long, thin leaves that look like wings. When the seed falls from the tree, its “wings” help it fly farther from the tree.
Some animals help plants spread their seeds. The animals eat the seeds. While the seed is in the animal’s body, it stays whole. When the seed leaves the animal, it’s in a new place.
Ants also help spread seeds. Some seeds have a special smell that appeals to ants. The ants bring the seeds back to their home, which of course is underground. They only eat part of the seed. They leave the rest of the seed underground. After that, the seed can start growing.
1．When fruit gets heavy enough, it will fall from a tree to the ground because of gravity.
2．All plants can spread seeds by themselves.
3．Wind helps apple and dandelion seeds to fly farther to new places.
4．Some animals and ants eat seeds, and it is helpful for seeds to spread.
5．The passage is mainly about the relationship between animals and plants.

【短文大意】
本文主要介绍了植物传播种子繁殖的几种方式。
【答案解析】
1．细节理解题。根据“The simplest way is gravity…When fruit gets too heavy, it falls from a tree to the ground”可知，当水果够重时，由于地心引力的作用，它会从树上掉到地上，此句表述正确，故填A。
2．细节理解题。根据“Other plants use wind to spread their seeds”可知，并不是所有的植物都可以自己传播种子，此句表述错误，故填B。
3．细节理解题。根据“The simplest way is gravity…That helps move the seed even farther away. Apples spread this way”可知，苹果树是靠重力来传播种子，而不是靠风，此句表述错误，故填B。
4．细节理解题。根据“They only eat part of the seed. They leave the rest of the seed underground. After that, the seed can start growing”可知，蚂蚁传播种子是因为没有吃完的种子开始慢慢长大，此句表述错误，故填B。
5．主旨大意题。根据“In order for plants to reproduce, they have to spread their seeds（种子）to other areas. Plants have developed all kinds of ways to do this”可知，本文主要介绍了植物传播种子繁殖的几种方式，此句表述错误，故填B。



（2022·山东威海·中考真题）判断正误。正确的答案涂A，错误的答案涂B。

May 23 in 1981 was a big day for scientist Liu Yinzeng  (刘荫增) . He and his team found seven wild crested ibises  (朱鹮) in Hanzhong, Shanxi province.
“That night, I saw a crested ibis fly across the sky. We ran after it at once and found four adult crested ibises and three young little birds in the woods,” Liu said.
That was the start of China’s efforts to protect the birds. There are 4,400 crested ibises in China, making up most of the bird’s global (全球的) population of over 5,000. It has been more than 40 years since the birds came back.
Crested ibises are one of the oldest birds in the world. There were once lots of crested ibises in Asia. But in the 1960s, they began to disappear because of pollution and other human activities. That was why Liu and his team set out to look for the birds. They spent three years searching in 14 provinces before making their big finding.
Chinese scientists have worked hard to study and protect the birds since then. They have asked people not to hunt (捕猎) the birds, cut down trees, or use fertilizers (化肥) in the places where the birds live. They helped the birds have more babies. Some crested ibises were also sent to Japan and South Korea. All of these countries work together to protect the birds.
1．Seven wild crested ibises were found in 1981, by Liu Yinzeng and his team.
2．The number of wild crested ibises is over 5,000 in China.
3．There weren’t any crested ibises left before scientists found them in Hanzhong.
4．People are asked to improve the living environment of crested ibises.
5．Thanks to scientists’ efforts, crested ibises have avoided the danger of dying out.

【短文大意】
本文介绍刘荫增和他的团队对朱鹮的研究，呼吁人们保护这种鸟类。
【答案解析】
1．细节理解题。根据“May 23 in 1981 was a big day for scientist Liu Yinzeng (刘荫增) . He and his team found seven wild crested ibises (朱鹮) in Hanzhong, Shanxi province.”可知，1981年5月23日，刘荫增他的团队发现了7只野生朱鹮。该项表述正确，故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据“There are 4,400 crested ibises in China”可知，中国有4400只朱鹮，该项表述错误，故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据“But in the 1960s, they began to disappear because of pollution and other human activities. That was why Liu and his team set out to look for the birds. They spent three years searching in 14 provinces before making their big finding.”可知，朱鹮没有灭绝，只是在20世纪60年代开始消失，该项表述错误，故选B。
4．细节理解题。根据“They have asked people not to hunt (捕猎) the birds, cut down trees, or use fertilizers (化肥) in the places where the birds live.”可知，他们要求人们不要在鸟类栖息的地方猎杀鸟类、砍伐树木或使用化肥。该项表述正确，故选A。
5．推理判断题。根据“They helped the birds have more babies. Some crested ibises were also sent to Japan and South Korea. All of these countries work together to protect the birds.”可知，它们帮助鸟类生育更多的孩子。一些朱鹭也被送往日本和韩国。所有这些国家共同努力保护鸟类。由此推知由于科学家的努力，朱鹮避免了灭绝的危险。该项表述正确，故选A。
（2022·吉林长春·统考中考真题）Have you ever ridden a bike in the sun? It might make you feel a little hot. However, riding on a cycle path（骑行小路）in a sunny area could be fun. In the town of Krommenie, you can find a special cycle path that can create energy by using the sun.
This 70-meter-long cycle path was built with solar panels（太阳能板）into it. These panels take in light from the sun’s rays. Then they use the light to create electricity, which can power street lights. The electricity can also go straight into the electrical grid（电网）to offer electricity for daily use. In the first year, this short path was creating enough energy to power one house for a whole year!
This kind of path hasn’t been widely built because scientists are still doing research to test the safety of it. They must make sure the path is strong enough for cars, buses and even trucks to drive over it. They must also make sure the path isn’t too smooth because being too smooth could be a little dangerous. Bike riders may fall easily while riding on it.
In another town called Eindhoven, you can also find a cycle path which uses solar energy to make art. It’s about 1 kilometer long. The path opened in 2014. It is made up of thousands of tiny lights. The lights take in the sun during the day and shine bright at night like stars. These lights come together like a beautiful picture. Every year, many tourists visit it and take photos there.
It’s fantastic and creative to use the sun.
根据短文内容，判断句子正（T）、误（F）。
6．The solar panels were built into the 70-meter-long cycle path.
7．The cycle path can power street lights for a whole year.
8．Bike riders may fall easily if the cycle path is too smooth.
9．The two cycle paths in the article were built to make art.
10．Many tourists come to Eindhoven to draw pictures on the cycle path.

【短文大意】
本文主要介绍了一种由太阳能电池板制造的自行车道。
【答案解析】
6．细节理解题。根据“This 70-meter-long cycle path was built with solar panels（太阳能板）into it”可知，这条70米长的自行车道安装了太阳能电池板，表述正确，故填T。
7．细节理解题。根据“In the first year, this short path was creating enough energy to power one house for a whole year”可知，产生的能量足以为一户人家提供一整年的电力，而不是为街灯提供一整年的电力，表述错误，故填F。
8．细节理解题。根据“They must also make sure the path isn’t too smooth because being too smooth could be a little dangerous. Bike riders may fall easily while riding on it”可知，道路太平坦，骑自行车的人会摔倒，表述正确，故填T。
9．细节理解题。根据“In the town of Krommenie, you can find a special cycle path that can create energy by using the sun”及“In another town called Eindhoven, you can also find a cycle path which uses solar energy to make art”可知，埃因霍温小镇的自行车隧道是利用太阳能进行艺术创作的，表述错误，故填F。
10．细节理解题。根据“Every year, many tourists visit it and take photos there”可知，游客在那里拍照，而不是画画，表述错误，故填F。
（2022·湖南湘西·统考中考真题）

Have you ever experienced something unforgettable? Last year, I went through a terrible storm and felt the power of nature.
That day, black clouds were making the sky very dark like midnight and I could hear strong winds blowing outside my home in Alabama. Everyone in the neighborhood was busy. My dad was putting pieces of wood over the windows while my mom was making sure the flashlights and radio were working. She also put some candles and matches on the table.
I was helping my mom make dinner when the rain began to beat heavily against the windows. After dinner, we tried to play a card game, but it was hard to have fun with a serious storm happening outside.
I could not sleep at first. I finally fell asleep when the wind was dying down at around 3:00 a.m. When I woke up, the sun was rising. I went outside with my family and found the outside world was quite different. Fallen trees, broken windows and rubbish were everywhere. We joined the neighbors to help clean up the neighborhood together. I have learnt a lesson from this. We should work together to face difficulties.
阅读短文，判断下列句子是否符合短文内容。符合的选T，不符合的选F。
11．I lived in New York when the storm happened.
12．My mom put some candles and matches on the table.
13．We had fun in a card game with a serious storm happening outside.
14．I could not sleep until around 3:00 a.m.
15．I learn from this experience that we should work together to face difficulties.

【短文大意】
本文是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了一场暴风雨让作者意识到应该共同努力面对困难。
【答案解析】
11．细节理解题。根据“That day, black clouds were making the sky very dark like midnight and I could hear strong winds blowing outside my home in Alabama.”可知那天，乌云密布，天空漆黑如午夜，在阿拉巴马州，我能听到我家外面刮起的大风。可知暴风雨发生时我住在阿拉巴马州。故选F。
12．细节理解题。根据“She also put some candles and matches on the table.”可知我妈妈在桌上放了一些蜡烛和火柴。故选T。
13．细节理解题。根据“After dinner, we tried to play a card game, but it was hard to have fun with a serious storm happening outside.”可知晚饭后，我们试着玩纸牌游戏，但外面发生了一场大风暴，很难玩得开心。故选F。
14．细节理解题。根据“I finally fell asleep when the wind was dying down at around 3:00 a.m.”可知凌晨3点左右，风停了，我终于睡着了。故选T。
15．细节理解题。根据“We joined the neighbors to help clean up the neighborhood together. I have learnt a lesson from this. We should work together to face difficulties.”可知我们和邻居们一起帮助清理街区。我从中吸取了教训。我们应该共同面对困难。故选T。
（2022·湖南娄底·统考中考真题）阅读下面的短文, 判断下列句子是否与短文内容相符, 符合的写（A）, 不符合的写（B）。
Chile is a long and beautiful country with ocean to the west and mountains to the east. Some of the villages are a very long way from the city, and some of the schools are very small.
It is difficult for some small schools to teach science because they don’t have enough teachers or equipment (设备). This is why the Science Bus Project wants to help them. The bus brings special science teachers, new ideas and equipment to schools in different parts of the country. Sometimes the children go inside the bus for science lessons or clubs. Sometimes the teachers even bring the equipment inside the classroom for the children to do experiments (实验).
The goal of the Science Bus Project is to bring science to children all over Chile. Since 2012, the bus has visited lots of schools in Chile and hundreds of teachers have learned how to make their science classes fun and exciting.
Science is important to all of us, as it helps us understand our world better and we can learn about it inside or outside of the classroom.
16．Some schools in Chile are small and far from the city.
17．It’s easy for some small schools in Chile to teach science.
18．The Science Bus Project only brings teachers to schools in Chile.
19．The project has helped many teachers make their science classes fun.
20．The children can learn a lot about science through doing experiments.

【短文大意】
本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了科学巴士项目的目标是将科学带给智利各地的儿童。自2012年以来, 该巴士已经到过智利的许多学校, 数百名教师已经学会了如何让他们的科学课变得有趣和令人兴奋。
【答案解析】
16．细节理解题。根据“Some of the villages are a very long way from the city, and some of the schools are very small.（有些村庄离城市很远，有些学校很小。）”可知智利的一些学校很小，离城市很远。故答案为A。
17．细节理解题。根据“It is difficult for some small schools to teach science because they don’t have enough teachers or equipment（设备）.（一些小型学校很难教授科学，因为他们没有足够的教师或设备。）”可知智利的一些小型学校很容易教授科学是错误的，是很难教授科学。故答案为B。
18．细节理解题。根据“The bus brings special science teachers, new ideas and equipment to schools in different parts of the country.（这辆巴士为全国各地的学校带来了特殊的科学教师、新思想和设备。）”可知科学巴士项目只将教师带到智利的学校是错误的，是带来了特殊的科学教师、新思想和设备。故答案为B。
19．细节理解题。根据“Since 2012, the bus has visited lots of schools in Chile and hundreds of teachers have learned how to make their science classes fun and exciting.（自2012年以来, 该巴士已经到过智利的许多学校，数百名教师已经学会了如何让他们的科学课变得有趣和令人兴奋。）”可知该项目帮助许多教师使他们的科学课变得有趣。故答案为A。
20．细节理解题。根据前文讲述科学巴士项目给智利的一些学校带去了设备, 使孩子们能够做实验, 了解科学和“Science is important to all of us, as it helps us understand our world better and we can learn about it inside or outside of the classroom.（科学对我们所有人都很重要，因为它帮助我们更好地了解我们的世界，我们可以在课堂内外了解它。）”可知通过做实验，孩子们可以学到很多关于科学的知识。故答案为A。
（2022·广西梧州·统考中考真题）阅读短文，根据短文内容判断下列句子的正T，误F。

    Xu Yuanchong, who is famous for translating Chinese, ancient poems into English and French, died in Beijing at the age of 100 on Thursday, June 7th, 2021.
    Xu was born on April 18th,1921 in Jiangxi Province, China. He studied at the National Southwest Associated University in Kunming, Yunnan Province.He studied translation very hard during his college years. In 1939, he published（发表） an English translation of a poem, which was written by Lin Huiyin, Don’t Cast Away. It is now known as his earliest work. Xu spent a few years in France studying French literature in the late 1940s. He then returned to China after graduation（毕业）and gave all his attention and effort to translation. And Xu was the first Chinese to translate Chinese poems into English and French in rhyme.
    Xu devoted his life to translation for more than 60 years. For him, translated literature is “a beautiful art for all the world”.
21．Xu is famous for translating modern poems. ________
22．In 1939, Xu’s earliest work was published. ________
23．Xu studied French literature in the early 1940s. ________
24．Xu was the first Chinese to translate Chinese poems into English and French in rhyme. ________
25．We can learn that Xu enjoyed translating poems and hoped to introduce them to the world. ________

【短文大意】
文章介绍翻译家许渊冲的生平及成就。
【答案解析】
21．细节理解题。根据“Xu Yuanchong, who is famous for translating Chinese, ancient poems into English and French, died in Beijing at the age of 100 on Thursday, June 7th, 2021.”2021年6月17日，星期四，以将中国古诗翻译成英语和法语而闻名的许渊冲在北京去世，享年100岁。可知，题干“许以翻译现代诗歌而闻名”叙述错误。故答案为F。
22．细节理解题。根据“. In 1939, he published（发表） an English translation of a poem, which was written by Lin Huiyin, Don’t Cast Away. It is now known as his earliest work.”1939年，他出版了林徽因的一首诗《不要抛弃》的英译本。它现在被认为是他最早的作品。可知题干“1939年，许最早的作品出版。”叙述正确。故答案为T。
23．细节理解题。根据“Xu spent a few years in France studying French literature in the late 1940s.”20世纪40年代末，许在法国学习了几年法国文学，可知，题干“许在20世纪40年代初学习法国文学。”叙述错误。故答案为F。
24．细节理解题。根据“And Xu was the first Chinese to translate Chinese poems into English and French in rhyme.”许是第一个将中国诗歌押韵翻译成英语和法语的中国人。可知，题干“许是第一个将中国诗歌押韵翻译成英语和法语的中国人。”叙述正确。故答案为T。
25．细节理解题。根据“Xu devoted his life to translation for more than 60 years. For him, translated literature is “a beautiful art for all the world”.”60多年来，许一直致力于翻译工作。对他来说，翻译文学是“面向全世界的一门美丽的艺术”。可知，题干“我们可以了解到，许喜欢翻译诗歌，并希望把诗歌介绍给世界。”叙述正确。故答案为T。
（2022·湖南邵阳·统考中考真题）正误判断 阅读短文，根据短文内容判断所给句子正（T）误（F）。

China’s Shenzhou XIII astronauts have completed their six-month stay in the Tiangong space station. They returned to Earth safely on April 16, 2022. They are Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu.
“We thank all the Chinese people for their support and encouragement. Our thanks also go to our workmates who took part in the mission (任务) and worked with us all the time,” Zhai said to the reporter after he landed on the ground. “It is the power and strength of our country that built the high-flying space station. I am proud of our great motherland.”
Wang Yaping is the first Chinese woman to live in the Tiangong space station. She is also the first Chinese woman spacewalker. She told her little daughter happily, “Mom has returned after reaching for the stars.”
The three astronauts have set a new record for China’s longest spaceflight. They did more than 20 different scientific experiments and gave two live space classes. They also spent much time getting the station ready for its next visitors.
The success of the mission shows that China has mastered the key technologies of the space station. As the Tiangong space station is going to be completed at the end of this year, it will be a comfortable “home” for astronauts to further explore the space.
26．China’s Shenzhou XIII astronauts returned to Earth safely on March 16, 2022.
27．Zhai Zhigang thinks the success belongs to all the Chinese people.
28．From the space Wang Yaping got a real star for her daughter.
29．The three astronauts have set a new record for the world’s longest spaceflight.
30．From the passage, we can know that China’s space technology is getting more and more powerful.

【短文大意】
本文主要介绍了中国神舟十三号宇航员已经在天宫空间站完成了六个月的停留。他们于2022年4月16日安全返回地球。
【答案解析】
26．细节理解题。根据“They returned to Earth safely on April 16, 2022, They are Zhai Zhigang,Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu.”可知他们于2022年4月16日安全返回地球，故选F。
27．推理判断题。根据“We thank all the Chinese people for their support and encouragement. Our thanks also go to our workmates who took part in the mission (任务) and worked with us all the time”可知翟志刚认为成功属于全体中国人。故选T。
28．细节理解题。根据“ She told her little daughter happily, “Mom has returned after reaching for the stars”结合常识可知星星是不可能被摘下来的，故选F。
29．细节理解题。根据“The three astronauts have set a new record for China’s longest spaceflight.”可知这三名宇航员创造了中国最长太空飞行的新纪录，不是世界上，故选F。
30．推理判断题。根据“The success of the mission shows that China has mastered the key technologies of the space station.”可知从文章中，我们可以知道中国的空间技术越来越强大。故选T。
（2022·黑龙江牡丹江·统考中考真题）About five years ago, my grandma came to Australia from the Netherlands(荷兰) to live with us. She loved cooking and collecting different kitchen things. She didn’t use all of them, but she loved seeing her kitchen with all kinds of nice cups, glasses, and plates. Before she came to Australia, she had to make hard choices. She stood in the kitchen and didn’t know what to bring with her and what to leave behind. She spent many hours looking at everything and in the end she made a decision to take a set of plates made of china(瓷).
Then she came to Australia with the beautiful plates. Several weeks later, a new friend invited my grandma to have dinner in her house and asked her to bring a plate. My grandma was confused(困惑的), but her English was not very good at that time and she couldn’t ask clearly what her friend meant. On that day, she picked out her most beautiful china plate and brought it to her friend’s house. She was sure everyone would like it. When she arrived at her friend’s house, she was proud and put the plate on a table. Around her empty plate were plates filled with different kinds of food. “There must be something wrong,” she said to herself. Her friend smiled when she saw her empty plate. “‘Bring a plate’ means ‘bring some food’ in Australia,” her friend said.
Grandma learned a good lesson that day. Since then, she has never brought an empty plate to anyone’s house again.
Judge the following statements true (T) or false (F) according to the passage.
31．The grandma loved collecting different kitchen things and used all of them.
32．It was difficult for the grandma to decide what kitchen things to bring to Australia.
33．The grandma’s English was so good that she understood what her new friend meant.
34．In the end the grandma didn’t learn the true meaning of “bring a plate” that day.
35．From the passage we know different countries have different customs.

【短文大意】
本文主要讲述了作者的祖母在澳大利亚要去朋友家里做客，因为误解“bring a plate”的含义而闹了笑话的故事。
【答案解析】
31．细节理解题。根据“She loved cooking and collecting different kitchen things. She didn’t use all of them,”可知，作者的祖母喜欢收集不同的厨房用品，但并没有全部用掉它们。句子表述错误。故选F。
32．细节理解题。根据“Before she came to Australia, she had to make hard choices. She stood in the kitchen and didn’t know what to bring with her and what to leave behind.”可知，祖母很难决定带什么厨房用品到澳大利亚。句子表述正确。故选T。
33．细节理解题。根据“My grandma was confused, but her English was not very good at that time and she couldn’t ask clearly what her friend meant.”可知，祖母的英语并不是很好，没能理解朋友的意思。句子表述错误。故选F。
34．细节理解题。根据“Grandma learned a good lesson that day. Since then, she has never brought an empty plate to anyone’s house again.”可知，祖母最后理解了“带盘子”在澳大利亚的意思是“带点食物”的意思。句子表述错误。故选F。
35．推理判断题。本文主要讲述了作者的祖母在澳大利亚要去朋友家里做客，因为不同的国家有不同的风俗习惯，所以误解“bring a plate”的含义而闹了笑话。句子表述正确。故选T。
（2022·广西河池·统考中考真题）阅读短文，判断短文后句子的意思是否与短文内容相符。用“T”表示相符，“F”表示不相符。
Once in a rich and peaceful country, there lived an unhappy king. He slept badly and didn’t feel like eating. He often cried for no reason. This made the queen and his people worried.
One day, a doctor was called in to examine the king. But he found nothing wrong with his body. “What he needs is the shirt of a happy person to wear. That’ll make him happy.” said the doctor.
The prime minister and the king’s banker were called to the palace. But they both said they were not happy. The prime minister was worried about losing his power while the banker was afraid of losing his money.
Then, the king’s top general was told to go out and find a happy man in three days. He searched and searched, but he couldn’t find anyone that was truly happy. Two days passed. Just as he was about to give up, he saw a poor man eating with his hands and singing happily on the street. The general went up to him and asked, “What makes you so happy? You have no power, money or fame.” The poor man answered, “I have everything I want, and I don’t want what I can’t have. So I’m happy.” Then the general asked the man if he could buy his shirt for the king. The poor man laughed and said he didn’t own any shirts at all.
36．Once there lived a happy king in a rich and peaceful country.
37．The doctor said, “The king will be happy if he wears the shirt of a happy person.”
38．The prime minister was not happy because he worried about losing his power.
39．The general found a truly happy person on the first day.
40．Though the poor man didn’t own any shirts, he was happy.

【短文大意】
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个富裕国家的国王却不快乐，他派将军去寻找快乐的故事。
【答案解析】
36．细节理解题。根据“Once in a rich and peaceful country, there lived an unhappy king.”可知从前在一个富裕而和平的国家里，住着一位闷闷不乐的国王。故答案为F。
37．细节理解题。根据“‘What he needs is the shirt of a happy person to wear. That’ll make him happy.’ said the doctor.”可知医生说他需要的是一件快乐的人穿的衬衫。那会让他高兴的。故答案为T。
38．细节理解题。根据“The prime minister was worried about losing his power while the banker was afraid of losing his money.”可知首相担心失去他的权力，而银行家担心失去他的钱。故答案为T。
39．推理判断题。根据“Two days passed. Just as he was about to give up, he saw a poor man eating with his hands and singing happily on the street.”可知两天过去后，正当他准备放弃的时候，他在街上看见一个穷人正在用手抓着东西吃，唱歌唱得很开心。可知他不是在第一天就找到了一个真正快乐的人。故答案为F。
40．细节理解题。根据“he saw a poor man eating with his hands and singing happily on the street.”和“The poor man laughed and said he didn’t own any shirts at all.”可知这个穷人很开心，但他根本就没有衬衫。故答案为T。
（2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·统考中考真题）Long long time ago, a man called Tom got a book. It was about the secret of a special pebble (鹅卵石) that could turn anything into real gold. The special pebble was lying among other ones on the beach. Because they looked the same, the special pebble was almost impossible to be found. If people touched the special pebble, it would feel warm. However, other pebbles were cold.
After learning the secret, Tom was excited. He dreamed of becoming rich. So he sold all that he had, bought garden forks, went to the beach and started picking up pebbles. On the first day, he picked up pebbles and then he threw them into the sea if there were not special. Again and again, the special pebble didn’t appear. But he didn’t give up and then he continued.
Several years later, suddenly he picked up one pebble which was warm. But because he had such a strong habit of throwing one pebble afer another without thinking, he threw this special one into the sea as usual. He lost the chance to be rich. What a pity!
In fact, good chances do come in our life at any time. Try to hold them as soon as possible instead of missing them.
根据短文内容判断正 (A) 误 (B) 。
41．The special pebble that could turn anything into real gold would feel cold.
42．To become rich, Tom sold all that he had, went to the beach with garden forks and started picking up pebbles.
43．If the pebbles were not special, Tom threw them into the sea on the first day.
44．After several years, Tom had a strong habit of throwing books without thinking.
45．In the end, Tom found the special pebble but he missed it.

【短文大意】
本文通过讲述Tom捡到了能够变得富有的鹅卵石最后却失败的故事，想告诉我们：好机会随时都会出现在我们的生活中。 尝试尽快抓住它们，而不是错过它们。
【答案解析】
41．细节理解题。根据“If people touched the special pebble, it would feel warm.”可知，能把任何东西变成金子的特殊卵石会让人感到温暖。句子表述错误。故选B。
42．细节理解题。根据“So he sold all that he had, bought garden forks, went to the beach and started picking up pebbles.”可知，为了变得富有，Tom卖掉了所有的东西，买了花园叉子，去海滩捡起了鹅卵石。句子表述正确。故选A。
43．细节理解题。根据“On the first day, he picked up pebbles and then he threw them into the sea if there were not special.”可知，在第一天Tom如果捡到的鹅卵石没什么特殊的，就会扔进海里。句子表述正确。故选A。
44．细节理解题。根据“But because he had such a strong habit of throwing one pebble afer another without thinking, he threw this special one into the sea as usual.”可知，Tom养成的是扔鹅卵石的习惯，不是扔书。句子表述错误。故选B。
45．细节理解题。根据“Several years later, suddenly he picked up one pebble which was warm. But because he had such a strong habit of throwing one pebble afer another without thinking, he threw this special one into the sea as usual. He lost the chance to be rich. What a pity!”可知，最后Tom找到了那块特殊的鹅卵石，但他却把它扔了。句子表述正确。故选A。
（2022·广西百色·中考真题）Lanterns have been part of Chinese culture for centuries, there were mainly three kinds of lanterns:
Palace lantern (宫灯) They were mainly used in palaces in ancient times. When making palace lanterns, fine wood was used. The palace lanterns were covered with silk or glass. These lanterns were not only used as lights but also as decorations (装饰) in palaces.
Gauze lantern (纱灯) Red gauze was used when making gauze lanterns. In Chinese culture, red lanterns are symbols of happiness and good wishes. So red lanterns are always hung on important festivals such as Lantern Festival, Spring Festival and National Day. In some famous Chinatowns abroad, you can see red lanterns all the year round. They have become a symbol of Chinese culture worldwide.
Shadow—picture lantern (走马灯) The shape of shadow—picture lantern was much like that of the palace lantern. There were two layers (层) of covers. Pictures were drawn on the inside layer and appeared on the outside cover when they were moving.
Nowadays, more modern technology is used to make lanterns. The shapes of the modern lanterns have changed a lot, too.
根据短文内容，判断下列句子意思与原文是否相符，相符的选T，不相符的选F。
46．In ancient times, fine wood was used to make palace lanterns.
47．Red lanterns are symbols of happiness and good wishes in Chinese culture.
48．You can see red lanterns in some famous Chinatowns abroad only in Spring Festival.
49．The shape of shadow—picture lantern was much like that of the gauze lantern.
50．Modern technology is used when making lanterns.

【短文大意】
本文主要介绍了灯笼的历史、种类以及现在灯笼的变化等。
【答案解析】
46．细节理解题。根据“When making palace lanterns, fine wood was used.”可知，在古代，精细的木材被用来制作宫灯。故选T。
47．细节理解题。根据“In Chinese culture, red lanterns are symbols of happiness and good wishes.”可知，在中国文化中，红灯笼象征着幸福和美好的愿望。故选T。
48．细节理解题。根据“In some famous Chinatowns abroad, you can see red lanterns all the year round.”可知，只有在春节的时候，你才能在国外一些著名的唐人街看到红灯笼是错误的。故选F。
49．细节理解题。根据“The shape of shadow—picture lantern was much like that of the palace lantern.（走马灯的形状很像宫灯）”可知，走马灯的形状和纱灯很像是错误的。故选F。
50．细节理解题。根据“Nowadays, more modern technology is used to make lanterns.”可知，制作灯笼时使用了现代技术。故选T。
（2022·广西柳州·中考真题）Tom got a fishing rod (鱼竿) for his birthday. He decided to go ice fishing to make good use of his gift. Early the next morning, he took all things for fishing to the ice. When he arrived, he dug a large hole in the ice and put the rod in. Suddenly he heard a voice, “There are no fish in it.” So he moved to another place and dug another hole, but then the same voice spoke again and told him there were no fish in it. So he moved again, and the voice told him there were no fish a third time. Tom looked up in surprise and saw an angry man looking down at him. “How do you know there are no fish?” asked Tom. The man said coldly, “Well, first of all, this is a hockey rink (冰球场) and second of all, you must pay for those holes.”
根据短文内容判断正误，正确的在答题卡上涂A，错误的涂B。
51．Tom got a fishing rod for his birthday.
52．Early the next morning, Tom took all things for fishing to the ice.
53．Tom heard a voice that said there were many fish in it.
54．Tom saw a man looking down at him happily.
55．Tom went to a wrong place for ice fishing and he must pay for what he did.

【短文大意】
本文主要介绍了汤姆去冰球场钓鱼的故事。
【答案解析】
51．细节理解题。根据“Tom got a fishing rod (鱼竿) for his birthday.”可知，汤姆生日得到一根钓鱼竿。故选A。
52．细节理解题。根据“Early the next morning, he took all things for fishing to the ice.”可知，第二天一早，汤姆把钓鱼的所有东西都带到了冰上。故选A。
53．细节理解题。根据“Suddenly he heard a voice, “There are no fish in it.””可知，汤姆听到一个声音说里面有很多鱼是错误的。故选B。
54．细节理解题。根据“Tom looked up in surprise and saw an angry man looking down at him.”可知，汤姆看到一个男人高兴地看着他是错误的。故选B。
55．推理判断题。根据“The man said coldly, “Well, first of all, this is a hockey rink (冰球场) and second of all, you must pay for those holes.””可知，汤姆去了一个错误的地方进行冰上钓鱼，他必须为此付出代价。故选A。
（2022·山东枣庄·统考中考真题）读下面的文章，然后判断文章后面各小题，正确的答案写“T”，错误的答案写“F”。
Chinese astronaut Wang Yaping made history on November 7 when she became the country's first woman to do a spacewalk, according to the national space agency.
At the moment, Wang and Zhai Zhigang, two of the three members at China's new Tiangong space station, successfully completed the 6.5-hour spacewalk in the early hours of the morning of November 8, according to the China Manned Space Agency. The third astronaut of the Shenzhou-13 members, Ye Guangfu, stayed on the space station to support the spacewalk.
It's the first time the astronauts have left the space station since their arrival on October 16. Shortly after stepping out of the spaceship, Wang waved to audiences on Earth and said she felt great. During the spacewalk, the team fixed a suspension（悬挂）device and connectors to the station's robotic arm. They also tested the safety of supporting equipment（设备）, including the spacesuit produced by China.
Wang is China's second woman in space, after Liu Yang made history by joining the Shenzhou-9 spacecraft in 2012. Before Wang, only 15 women around the world had done spacewalks since 1984, when Soviet astronaut Svetlana Savitskaya became the first to do so. So far, most women spacewalkers have been American NASA astronauts.
The Shenzhou-13 members will do one or two more spacewalks during their six-month stay at the space station. This is not the first time astronauts have worked at Tiangong space station. In September, three other Chinese astronauts successfully completed a three-month stay at the station. By December 2022, China plans to have the station ready to be used—a great target that seems to be possible.
56．The Shenzhou-13 members arrived at the Tiangong space station on October 16.
57．During the 6.5-hour spacewalk, all the Shenzhou-13 members stepped out of the space station.
58．Wang is the 16th woman around the world who has done a spacewalk.
59．The main idea of this passage is about China's space travel.

【短文大意】
本文主要讲述了中国宇航员王亚平创造了历史，她成为中国第一位进行太空行走的女性。
【答案解析】
56．细节理解题。根据“It’s the first time the astronauts have left the space station since their arrival on October 16”可知神舟十三号成员于10月16日抵达天宫空间站。题干与文章意思相符，故选T。
57．细节理解题。根据“At the moment, Wang and Zhai Zhigang, two of the three members at China's new Tiangong space station, successfully completed the 6.5-hour spacewalk in the early hours of the morning of November 8,”可知中国新天宫空间站三名成员中的两人王和翟志刚在11月8日凌晨成功完成了6.5小时的太空行走，题干与文章意思不符，故选F。
58．细节理解题。根据“Before Wang, only 15 women around the world had done spacewalks since 1984, when Soviet astronaut Svetlana Savitskaya became the first to do so”可知王亚平是世界上第16位完成太空行走的女性。题干与文章意思相符，故选T。
59．主旨大意题。通读全文可知本文主要讲述了中国宇航员王亚平创造了历史，她成为中国第一位进行太空行走的女性。题干与文章意思不符，故选F。
（2022·吉林·统考中考真题）Today, many teenagers have already put technology to good use. Here are two good examples.
• A new reader (阅读器) for the blind
The two 14-year-old students, Meng Shuqi and Feng Boyao, are from Taiyuan. They invented a new kind of reader to help the blind read books. The new reader can turn words into raised dots (盲点) when connected to a computer.
As we know, the blind read by touching raised dots. However, there weren’t many books for the blind in the past, and it was difficult for them to get new information in time. As the old readers in the market were very expensive and difficult to use, the two students decided to invent the new reader which was easier to use. They hoped that the new reader could be widely used to help more blind people.
• A smart system for the old
A 16-year-old American boy Vetri Vel created a smart system. It is made up of a small computer and a camera. The system can catch the heat signals (热感信号) of a fallen person and send messages for help at once.
After Vetri’s neighbor had fallen down alone at home, Vetri realized that falling down was a common problem for many old people. It may even lead to death. Vetri hopes that his invention can help more old people in time.
Teenagers’ technological inventions full of love and intelligence can make our lives easier and more convenient. Why not have a try?
根据短文内容，判断下列句子正(T)、误(F)。
60．The two Chinese students invented a new reader to help the blind read books.
61．It is more difficult for the blind to use the new reader.
62．The smart system is made up of a small computer and a camera.
63．Vetri created the smart system because he fell down alone at home.
64．The inventions in the passage can make our lives easier and more convenient.

【短文大意】
本文主要介绍了列举了学生们很好地利用了科技的例子。
【答案解析】
60．细节理解题。根据“The two 14-year-old students, Meng Shuqi and Feng Boyao, are from Taiyuan. They invented a new kind of reader to help the blind read books”可知，这两个中国学生发明了一种新的阅读器来帮助盲人读书，此句表述正确，故填T。
61．细节理解题。根据“the two students decided to invent the new reader which was easier to use”可知，这个新的阅读器更容易使用，此句表述错误，故填F。
62．细节理解题。根据“A 16-year-old American boy Vetri Vel created a smart system. It is made up of a small computer and a camera”可知，它是由一台小型计算机和一台照相机组成的，此句表述正确，故填T。
63．细节理解题。根据“After Vetri’s neighbor had fallen down alone at home, Vetri realized that falling down was a common problem for many old people”可知，在他邻居摔倒后，让他意识到这个问题，此句表述错误，故填F。
64．细节理解题。根据“Teenagers’ technological inventions full of love and intelligence can make our lives easier and more convenient”可知，文中提到的发明让我们的生活更方便，此句表述正确，故填T。
（2022·黑龙江·统考中考真题）I’m my mother’s third girl. When I was born, the doctor gently explained to my mother that my left arm was missing, below the elbow (肘). Then she gave her some advice, “Don’t treat her any differently from others.” And she did.
There are five girls in my family, and we all had to help out. Once when I was about seven, I came out of the kitchen, “Mum, I can’t peel potatoes. I only have one hand.” “Get back to peel these potatoes, and don’t ever use that as an excuse for anything again!”
Of course I could peel potatoes—with my good hand and my other arm. “Jenny, if you try hard,” she said, “you can do anything.”
Once in the second grade, our teacher had each of us race across the monkey bar (攀爬架).
When it was my turn, I said no. Some kids laughed. I went home crying.
The next afternoon Mum took me back to the school playground. “Now, pull up with your right arm.” She advised. She praised me when I made progress. I’ll never forget when I was crossing the bar, the kids were standing there with their mouths open.
It was the way with everything. Mum had the courage to face anything. And she taught me I could, too.
Judge the following sentences true (T) or false (F) according to the passage.
65．The writer has four other sisters in her family.
66．The doctor’s advice means that the mum should treat the writer differently because her right arm is missing.
67．The writer’s mum peeled the potatoes at last.
68．Mum took the writer back to the school playground the next morning and asked her to try one more time.
69．From the passage, we know that Mum encourage her daughter to face anything bravely just like her.

【短文大意】
本文主要讲述了生下来就失去了左胳膊的作者，在妈妈的鼓励下，勇敢地面对生活中的困难的故事。
【答案解析】
65．细节理解题。根据“There are five girls in my family”可知，作者有四个姐妹，此句表述正确 ，故答案为T。
66．细节理解题。根据“Then she gave her some advice, ‘Don’t treat her any differently from others.’ And she did.”可知，医生的建议意味着妈妈应该像对待其他人一样对待作者，而不是区别对待，故答案为F。
67．细节理解题。根据“Get back to peel these potatoes, and don’t ever use that as an excuse for anything again! Of course I could peel potatoes—with my good hand and my other arm.”可知，是作者自己削了土豆皮，此句表述错误，故答案为F。
68．细节理解题。根据“The next afternoon Mum took me back to the school playground.”可知，是第二天下午，妈妈把作者又带到了学校操场，此句表述错误，故答案为F。
69．细节理解题。根据“It was the way with everything. Mum had the courage to face anything. And she taught me I could, too.”可知，妈妈鼓励她的女儿像她一样勇敢地面对任何事情，是妈妈给了作者面对一切的勇气，此句表述正确，故答案为T。
（2022·黑龙江齐齐哈尔·统考中考真题）June 5 is World Environment Day. Nowadays more and more people are trying different kinds of ways to face environmental problems around the world. What are people doing to protect our home—the earth?
Most people are changing their shopping habits. On the one hand, secondhand clothes may be a smart choice. People are willing to buy the secondhand ones to wear in special situations because they only wear them once or twice. On the other hand, there are some companies for renting (租) clothes and renting clothes is cheaper than buying them. So people are able to save money and protect the environment.
Several large companies have begun developing paper bottles to take the place of glass and plastic ones because there are lots of customers worrying about the environment. They think paper bottles have many advantages. The most important is that paper bottles are easy to recycle and weigh less than glass or plastic ones as well.
A zero-waste life is that people hardly create any rubbish. A zero-waste theme store provides a number of everyday, practical and pleasant zero-waste products. The store helps people start on a one-stop, zero-waste life journey. A zero-waste life follows the 6R principle (原则) —Refuse, Reduce, Reuse, Repair, Recycle and Rot.
All in all, the earth is our home and it’s our duty to protect it.
根据文章内容，判断句子正（T）、误（F）。
70．Few people around the world are trying different kinds of ways to face the environmental problems.
71．In order to save money and protect the environment, people can not only buy secondhand clothes but also rent clothes.
72．Large companies have developed paper bottles successfully and put them into use.
73．People can buy many everyday, practical and pleasant zero-waste things in every store.
74．You are playing a part in protecting our earth while following the 6R principle.

【短文大意】
本文介绍了越来越多的人正在尝试不同的方式来面对世界各地的环境问题。
【答案解析】
70．细节理解题。根据“Nowadays more and more people are trying different kinds of ways to face environmental problems around the world.”可知，如今，越来越多的人正在尝试不同的方式来面对世界各地的环境问题，故选F。
71．细节理解题。根据“On the one hand, secondhand clothes may be a smart choice...On the other hand, there are some companies for renting (租) clothes and renting clothes is cheaper than buying them. So people are able to save money and protect the environment.”可知，为了省钱和保护环境，人们不仅可以买二手衣服，还可以租衣服，故选T。
72．细节理解题。根据“Several large companies have begun developing paper bottles to take the place of glass and plastic ones”可知，几家大公司已经开始开发纸瓶来取代玻璃和塑料瓶而不是已经成功地开发出了纸瓶，故选F。
73．细节理解题。根据“A zero-waste theme store provides a number of everyday, practical and pleasant zero-waste products. The store helps people start on a one-stop, zero-waste life journey.”可知，零废物主题商店提供了许多日常、实用和愉快的零废物产品，而不是在每一家商店都能买到，故选F。
74．细节理解题。根据“A zero-waste life follows the 6R principle (原则) —Refuse, Reduce, Reuse, Repair, Recycle and Rot. All in all, the earth is our home and it’s our duty to protect it.”可知，在遵守6R原则的同时，也在保护我们的地球，故选T。
（2022·黑龙江绥化·统考中考真题）根据短文内容判断对错，对的选“T”，错的选“F”。
When we feel hungry, we can take out our phones and order some food easily. When we need to take a taxi, we can also use our phones to book one. It’s so easy. But what will happen to the old who don’t know how to use a smartphone?
With the development of technology, our lifestyle has been changed a lot. Lots of things can be done through the Internet, such as shopping, buying tickets and so on. New apps are easy for the young, while they are difficult for the old. Now China has come up with several ways to solve this problem. Everyone should take actions to overcome this “digital gap” (数字鸿沟).
Sometimes we only need several minutes to learn something new, but maybe it costs old people hours or even a few days. Next time when the old need help, we should be patient with them and never forget what they’ve done for us.
75．We can take out our phones and order some food easily when we feel angry.
76．We know we can use the Internet to shop and buy tickets.
77．To book a taxi by using the phones is difficult when the young want to go to some places.
78．Maybe it takes the old much time to learn new things.
79．All of us should play a part in overcoming this “digital gap”.

【短文大意】
本文介绍如今新科技对老年人的困难，告诉读者如果有老年人询问你如何使用高科技产品时，要有耐心地教他们。
【答案解析】
75．细节理解题。根据“When we feel hungry, we can take out our phones and order some food easily.”可知，当我们感到饿的时候，我们可以拿出手机，很容易地点一些食物。而不是生气的时候，该项表述错误，故答案为F。
76．细节理解题。根据“Lots of things can be done through the Internet, such as shopping, buying tickets and so on.”可知，很多事情可以通过互联网做，如购物，买票等。该项表述正确，故答案为T。
77．细节理解题。根据“When we need to take a taxi, we can also use our phones to book one. It’s so easy.”可知，需要打车的时候，我们也可以用手机，很容易。而不是很难，该项表述错误，故答案为F。
78．细节理解题。根据“but maybe it costs old people hours or even a few days.”可知，学习新东西可能会花费老年人几个小时甚至几天的时间，该项表述正确，故答案为T。
79．细节理解题。根据“Everyone should take actions to overcome this “digital gap” (数字鸿沟).”可知，每个人都应该采取行动，克服这种“数字鸿沟”。该项表述正确，故答案为T。