【备考2023】中考英语重难点专题特训学案（全国通用）—— 33 任务型阅读之回答问题 （原卷版+解析版）

这是一份【备考2023】中考英语重难点专题特训学案（全国通用）—— 33 任务型阅读之回答问题 （原卷版+解析版），文件包含备考2023中考英语重难点专题特训学案全国通用33任务型阅读之回答问题解析版docx、备考2023中考英语重难点专题特训学案全国通用33任务型阅读之回答问题原卷版docx等2份学案配套教学资源，其中学案共42页， 欢迎下载使用。

专项五 中考题型
重难点33 任务型阅读之回答问题

1..解题技巧
1.1. 认真审题， 明确题目要求。
首先阅读题目， 明确题目中的关键词， 在阅读文章前对所要回答的问题有所了解。
1.2. 快速浏览文章， 规范答题。
回答问题型任务型阅读需要利用题干中关键词， 寻找文章中对应的关键词， 在对应词周围寻找答案或者直接在文章中搜索答案。带着审题时对文章大意的了解以及问题快速浏览文章， 以最快的速度在文章相对应的位置寻找相关信息。
1.3. 答题形式符合提问形式。
不同的提问方式需要不同形式的回答， 在答案简洁的基础上还要注意结构的完整。一般疑问句要用yes或no作答；特殊疑问句要根据特殊疑问词具体回答。
1.4. 仔细检查， 确保答案。
完成所有答题后， 需要再次速读一遍文章， 核对答案， 确保答案的正确性。需要注意， 有些题目答案可以在原文中直接找出；有些需要在原文的基础上， 结合题目要求进行时态、语态、人称的转换；有些需要进行归纳总结， 把正确答案重新组织语言表达出来。
2.满分技巧
2.1.快速通读课文，掌握文章大意。
浏览完题目后，带着问题快速通读全文，对文章的大意有一个初步的了解，同时找到文章中的关键句，并确定第二遍细读的重点部分，对于不影响理解和做题的部分可以一带而过，更不必在个别词上花时间。
2.2. 提取有效信息，根据题目要求进行改写。
在速度短文后，再回头看题后的问题。这时，能一锤定音的答案就先写好，不能马上确定的答案，根据第一遍速读时的印象到原文中找相关的信息，再进行推敲。尽管有相当的一部分题在原文中能找到答案，不需要推敲，但是大多数还是需要大家进行改写和重组的。
2.3. 仔细推敲，认真复查
做完题目后，要立足整体，将完成后的句子再通读一遍，看看所改写的句子是否流畅，语句是否通顺。同时还要照顾原文，看看答案是否与原文意义相符，时态一致。确保答案正确，大小写无误，语法正确，逻辑合理。


为了弥补阅读理解客观题(判断是非题与单项选择题)一统天下、考生容易猜测的局面，近年来各地中考英语阅读理解部分都引入了属于主观题性质的任务型阅读，要求考生或填写表格(一般限定词数)，或回答问题。这类试题的难度最大，考生如果不能真正读懂并理解文章，就无法下笔。 值得一提的是,近年来任务型阅读的主观题在各地中考英语试题中所占的比例越来越大，有的地方试题甚至采用两篇,既要求考生根据文章填写表格，又要求考生在阅读文章后回答问题，但是，综观任何一组中考英语阅读理解试题，试题的难易度分布非常有序。分析近3年各地市中考英语真题可知，回答问题型阅读的话题涉及故事类、介绍类、观点建议类、饮食与健康类、科普知识类、文化风俗类及校园生活类。词数为200－260词， 一般情况下，每篇文章设5个问题， 其中以4个特殊疑问句、1个一般疑问句居多， 少量涉及5个特殊疑问句和3个特殊疑问句、2个一般疑问句。
典例解析
（2022·辽宁大连·统考中考真题）阅读下面短文，根报短文内容，回答下列问题。
Seeing changes in China
①It was a warm spring day in 2021. Chen Beier, a reporter and TV presenter from Hong Kong, was on her way to a small village called Atule’er. The small village sits at the top of an 800-meter-high cliff (悬崖). People can only get up to it by climbing a 2.556-step steel ladder (钢梯). It is very dangerous.
②So, was Chen looking for adventure there? The answer is no. The famous presenter was, instead, making a documentary.
③In February 2021, China reached an important goal. It got rid of poverty (摆脱贫困). Many people couldn’t believe this. After all, China has a large number of poor villages. In order to show the truth to people, Chen set out to make No Poverty Land.
④The trip turned out to be hard. When she was halfway up the ladder to Atule’er. For example. Chen felt so tired that she could hardly go any further. She was also afraid of heights. The villagers advised her to stop the climb, but the woman continued her climb.
⑤This steel ladder, in fact, is only six years old. Before it was built, the villagers had to face even bigger danger and use a rattan (藤条制成的) ladder. The government has also built houses for the villagers at the foot of the mountain. Through No Poverty Land, people can easily see how life in poor areas of China has been improved.
⑥China has changed a lot, but some people just find it hard to believe. Now, Chen has shown us what we can do about that: Don’t just tell people about the great changes; show them when you can.
1．Who is Chen Beier?
________________
2．Where is the small village Atule’er?
________________
3．Why did Chen make the documentary No Poverty Land?
________________
4．How did Chen feel about climbing up the ladder?
________________
5．Through No Poverty Land, what changes can be seen in Atule’er? (Give one example.)
________________
6．What do you think of Chen Beier? Why do you think so?
________________

【短文大意】
本文主要讲述了来自香港的记者和电视节目主持人陈贝儿前往四川阿土勒尔，她在做一个关于消除极端贫困的节目，她向世界展示中国已经改变了很多，已经实现了一个重要目标。
【答案解析】
1．根据“ Chen Beier, a reporter and TV presenter from Hong Kong”可知陈贝尔是记者和电视节目主持人，故填A reporter and TV presenter.
2．根据“The small village sits at the top of an 800-meter-high cliff.”可知这个小村庄坐落在800米高的悬崖顶上。故填At the top of an 800-meter-high cliff.
3．根据“In order to show the truth to people, Chen set out to make No Poverty Land.”可知陈要拍纪录片是为了向人们展示真相，故填In order to show the truth to people.
4．根据“When she was halfway up the ladder to Atule’er. For example. Chen felt so tired that she could hardly go any further”可知陈觉得爬梯子很累，故填She felt tired.
5．根据“Through No Poverty Land, people can easily see how life in poor areas of China has been improved.”可知通过《无穷之路》，在阿土勒尔人们可以很容易地看到中国贫困地区的生活得到了改善。故填Life in it has been improved.
6．开放性作答，结合文章，言之有理即可。故填I think she is responsible. Beacuse she has made No Poverty Land in order to show truth to people.


（2022·四川资阳·统考中考真题）阅读下面短文并回答问题。请注意词数要求。
Ten years ago, my husband and I took a summer holiday in Corfu, Greece (希腊).
On our last night, we wanted to get away from other tourists. So we put our best clothes on and set off at 7:30. Then we walked out of the town.
30 minutes later, we arrived at a good-looking restaurant full of local people. So we entered it and found an empty table. The people on the next table had the most delicious looking food. There were seafood, meat, salad, and everything. We decided to order the same. A lovely, smiling old lady came over to us but she didn’t speak English. So my husband just pointed to the food on the next table. Happily, she understood and brought us mountains of wonderful food. What a great time!
Finally, when we asked to pay our bill, the old lady just smiled. We were told it was free, because it was the lady’s birthday party and she was very happy we could join them.
How embarrassing, but how lovely. They were so kind to us, complete strangers.
1．Where did the writer and her husband take the holiday? (No more than 3 words)
_________________________________________________________
2．What did they want to do on their last night? (No more than 8 words)
_________________________________________________________
3．When did they arrive at the restaurant? (No more than 2 words)
_________________________________________________________
4．Who made the old lady understand their order? (No more than 2 words)
_________________________________________________________
5．How was their eating experience? (No more than 3 words)
_________________________________________________________

【短文大意】
本文主要讲作者和丈夫在希腊度假发生了一件尴尬，但又美好的事情。
【答案解析】
1．根据“Ten years ago, my husband and I took a summer holiday in Corfu, Greece (希腊).”可知作者在希腊科孚岛度假。故填In Corfu, Greece.
2．根据“On our last night, we wanted to get away from other tourists.”可知作者在最后一晚想要远离其他的游客。故填They wanted to get away from other tourists.
3．根据“30 minutes later, we arrived at a good-looking restaurant full of local people.”可知作者7:30出发，半小时后到达，故应是8点到达。故填At 8.
4．根据“So my husband just pointed to the food on the next table. Happily, she understood and brought us mountains of wonderful food.”可知是作者丈夫让老太太明白他们的意思。故填The husband.
5．根据“How embarrassing, but how lovely. They were so kind to us, complete strangers.”可知他们的经历使人感到尴尬，但同时也很美好，因为主人对他们很友好。故填Embarrassing but lovely.
（2022·山东淄博·统考中考真题）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题。
You often hear “New year, new me” in the UK on the first of January. It is very common to start a new year’s resolution on this day. This can be to give up something, like sweets or chocolate, so you can be healthier. People also like to start doing something new. There are so many things you can do! Many people I know decide to play sports and eat healthier food as their new year’s resolution. Many become heavier after the holidays as they often eat a lot.
I think new year’s resolutions are a great idea to give people motivation (动机) to do something good for themselves. When other people have the same resolution as yours, it helps you to stick to your own. For example, you could go jogging (慢跑) with a group of friends several times a week. That can be so much more fun and help you to keep the resolution.
Also, I think it is important for you to choose something realistic as a new year’s resolution. In the past, I have given up chocolate, stopped eating meat and started doing kung fu. Soon after that, I gave up some of these things, such as not eating chocolate. They were too difficult to keep. And some I kept on with and still do now.
This year, my resolution is to travel less by plane. Living in the UK, it was very difficult to travel without a car and not by plane, but now that I live in Germany I find it much easier to travel by another mode (模式) of transport. There are more environmentally friendly ways that I can choose like travelling by train or bus, though it’s more expensive, I know that I will do harm to the environment much less.
6．When do people often start new year’s resolutions in the UK?
_______________________________
7．What resolutions has the writer made to keep healthy in the past?
_______________________________
8．Where does the writer live now?
_______________________________
9．Why does the writer choose to travel less by plane this year?
_______________________________
10．What does the passage mainly talk about?
_______________________________

【短文大意】
本文主要介绍作者对于新年计划的看法和观点，并结合自己的经历认为，应该做一个符合实际的，容易实现的新年计划。
【答案解析】
6．根据“You often hear ‘New year, new me’ in the UK on the first of January. It is very common to start a new year’s resolution on this day. ”可知，通常在1月1日制定新年计划，故填On the first of January.
7．根据“In the past, I have given up chocolate, stopped eating meat and started doing kung fu”可知，在过去，作者的新年计划是放弃巧克力，停止吃肉，开始练习功夫，故填They are giving up chocolate, stopping eating meat and starting doing kung fu.
8．根据“but now that I live in Germany I find it much easier to travel by another mode (模式) of transport”可知，现在他住在德国，故填He lives in Germany now.
9．根据“I know that I will do harm to the environment much less”可知，因为作者认为这样会对环境的危害会少很多，故填Because he thinks that he will do harm to the environment much less.
10．通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了作者对于制定新年计划的看法，故填Opinions about making new year’s resolutions.
（2022·上海·统考中考真题）（Mike is telling a story. It happened when he was seven.）
It was New Year’s Eve. In the morning, I heard Grandma tell Mum she needed a football for the New Year’s Eve dinner.
“A football for the dinner? What’s it for?” I wondered. “Anyway, I will get one! I can do something nice for Grandma.”
I remembered my friend Joe had an old football. I went out quietly and found him. I gave him my favourite model car in exchange for his football.
I took the football home, shined it and put it on the living room table secretly. I waited in my room for Grandma to notice it.
“Mike!” Mum shouted. I ran to the living room. “Why can’t you put your things where they belong? Get the football out of here!”
“But it’s for Grandma! She said she needed a football for the New Year’s Eve dinner.” I said.
“A football for the dinner?” Mum laughed. “No, Grandma needs a fruit bowl, not a football.”
“Fruit bowl sounds like football! I have done a silly thing!” I went back to my room, embarrassed and disappointed.
Before dinner, Mum came in and asked me to meet my uncles and aunts. When I walked into the living room, Grandma was showing them a pretty fruit bowl with the old football in its centre, I was surprised.
“Look!” Grandma said. “Today Mike brought me a nice present, this football. Isn’t it beautiful?” She continued. “It’s beautiful, yes — because anything from a child is beautiful.”
11．How old was Mike when the story happened?
______________________________________________________________
12．What did Mike give Joe to get the football?
______________________________________________________________
13．Whom did Mike expect to notice the football?
______________________________________________________________
14．Why did Mike think he had done a silly thing?
______________________________________________________________
15．What did Grandma do with the football?
______________________________________________________________
16．How might Mike feel after hearing Grandma’s words? Explain why.
______________________________________________________________

【短文大意】
本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了麦克与奶奶之间的一件感人故事。在弄清楚自己将“水果盘”听成“足球”造成了尴尬的局面之后，麦克羞愧难当。但是奶奶将足球放在了水果盘里并赞美了它。这个暖心之举化解了麦克的尴尬，体现了长辈对晚辈的宽容与爱。
【答案解析】
11．根据原文“It happened when he was seven”可知，当这个故事发生时麦克7岁。故填He was seven/7.
12．根据原文“I gave him my favourite model car in exchange for his football”可知，麦克用自己最喜欢的模型飞机从乔手中换到了一个旧足球。故填His favourite model car.
13．根据原文“I waited in my room for Grandma to notice it”可知，麦克希望奶奶能注意到这个旧足球。故填His Grandma.
14．根据原文“Fruit bowl sounds like football! I have done a silly thing!”可知，麦克错把奶奶说的“水果盘”听成了“足球”，然后自己去拿了一个足球给奶奶，所以他觉得自己做了一件蠢事。故填Because he misunderstood his Grandma’s words “fruit bowl” as “football”.
15．根据原文“Grandma was showing them a pretty fruit bowl with the old football in its centre … It’s beautiful, yes — because anything from a child is beautiful”可知，奶奶将旧足球放到了水果盘中间并赞美了它。故填She put the football in the centre of a fruit bowl and praised it.
16．本题没有标准答案，学生言之成理即可。故参考答案为He might feel happy because Grandma loved his gift.
（2022·江苏淮安·统考中考真题）Have you ever tasted a kind of snack, which is also of the traditional Chinese of forms of art—sugar painting.
Sugar painting started from the Ming Dynasty and became popular in the Qing Dynasty. At that time, many people made a living through sugar painting, setting up stalls(货摊)in crowded streets, in front of theatres and busy public places. And now it can still be found in many areas of China.
The sugar painters usually sit before a wooden table. On the side, there is a wooden plate with a revolvable arrow(可旋转箭头)on it. The plate is painted with different pictures such as a dragon, a bird, a flower and so on. After paying, the customers turn the arrow and wait till it stops. The picture pointed by the arrow is the one the painters will make.
Sugar painting is very different from normal painting. The sugar painters use syrup(糖浆)as the material, a spoon as the “paintbrush”, and a smooth slab(台面)as the “paper”. To make the syrup, they have to make sugar hot before painting. Since the syrup may become solid(固体的)if it cools, the painters have to produce the work very quickly. They move the spoon full of the syrup up and down, left and right. Soon a sugar painting of an animal, a flower or a bike is done.
The number of sugar painters is getting smaller. However, some of them still insist on this art. They make their efforts to hold different activities such as offering classes and giving speeches. Now, sugar painting has already been listed as National Non-Material Culture Heritage.
根据上面短文的内容回答问题（每个答案不超过6个单词）
17．Did sugar painting become popular in the Ming Dynasty?
____________________________________________________________
18．Where do the sugar painters usually sit?
____________________________________________________________
19．When do the customers turn the arrow?
____________________________________________________________
20．How do sugar painters make the syrup before painting?
____________________________________________________________
21．Why do some of the sugar painters hold different activities?
____________________________________________________________

【短文大意】
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了糖画的发展及制作。
【答案解析】
17．根据“Sugar painting started from the Ming Dynasty and became popular in the Qing Dynasty.”可知，糖画在清朝变得流行，不是在明朝。故填No, it didn’t.
18．根据“The sugar painters usually sit before a wooden table.”可知，糖画师傅通常坐在一张木桌前。故填Before a wooden table.
19．根据“After paying, the customers turn the arrow and wait till it stops.”可知，付款后，顾客转动箭头。故填After paying.
20．根据“To make the syrup, they have to make sugar hot before painting.”可知，糖画师傅通过让糖变热来制作糖浆。故填By making sugar hot.
21．根据“However, some of them still insist on this art. They make their efforts to hold different activities”可知，一些糖画师傅举办不同的关于糖画的活动，是为了坚持这项艺术。故填To insist on this art.
（2022·江苏盐城·统考中考真题）Hand gestures have been commonly used in our daily communication. They add to the message by filling in what words sometimes leave behind. But are you aware of the history that goes behind some of these popular hand gestures? Probably not. Unsurprisingly, each of them has its special history.
Handshake
Whether you’re greeting someone for the first time, or successfully reaching an agreement, shaking hands is usually the go-to gesture. Who decided on this gesture, anyway? The handshake dates back to ancient Greece where it was used as a way to show peace.
High Five

Whether you entered the final competition or won a debate（辩论）, you were probably given or received a high five before. According to some sources, the high five first became popular when baseball players performed at Dodger Stadium on October 2, 1977. Glenn Burke, one of the players, lifted his arm high above his head and slapped palms with his teammate Dusty Baker to celebrate a victory, marking what is widely considered as the first record of a high five.
The Fist Bump

The fist bump comes from boxers（拳击手）in the 1970s after people copied how they touched gloves before a competition. Later, instead of shaking hands, fist bumps became popular among basketball players. The gesture soon spread to all basketball lovers.

回答下面5个问题，每题答案不超过6个词。
22．What was handshake used as in ancient Greece?
____________________________________________
23．What kind of sport does the high five gesture come from?
____________________________________________
24．Why do people have a high five with others?
____________________________________________
25．Which gesture do basketball players usually prefer?
____________________________________________
26．What is the passage mainly about?
____________________________________________

【短文大意】
本文主要介绍了三种手势背后的历史。
【答案解析】
22．根据“ The handshake dates back to ancient Greece where it was used as a way to show peace.”可知，握手在古希腊被用来表示和平，故填It was used as a way to show peace.
23．根据“According to some sources, the high five first became popular when baseball players performed at Dodger Stadium on October 2, 1977”可知，来自于棒球，故填It comes from baseball.
24．根据“Whether you entered the final competition or won a debate（辩论）, you were probably given or received a high five before”可知，因为人们进入了决赛或赢得了辩论，故填Because they entered the final competition or won a debate.
25．根据“ Later, instead of shaking hands, fist bumps became popular among basketball players”可知，篮球运动会通常更喜欢撞拳这个手势，故填The fist bump.
26．通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了三种手势背后的历史，故填It is mainly about special histories of three hand gestures.
（2022·山东烟台·统考中考真题）阅读下面短文，完成短文后的问题。
Chen Gang and his son, Chen Lihao, were honored as heroes recently at China University of Geosciences (Wuhan). The father and son pair reached the top of Mount Qomolangma at about 10:30 a. m. on April 30, 2022.
During their journey to the top of the world, 8,849 meters above the sea level, they carried out scientific research and collected a large number of samples of ice, snow, plants and rocks.
Chen Gang is a professor of surveying and mapping at the university. In 2020, he won the title “Good teacher in Hubei province”. Chen Lihao, who is in his 20s, is a student at China University of Geosciences (Beijing). He is a national first-class mountain climber and a national second-class rock climber.
Huang Xiaomei, Party secretary of the university in Wuhan, and Wang Yanxin, the school’s president, called on teachers and students to learn from the father and son. They said all teachers and students should closely connect their personal futures with national needs and climb their new peaks (山峰) in scientific research and daily life.
Cheng Jun, Party secretary of another university, said, “As a scientist, Chen’s successful climb of Qomolangma has great meaning for the study of the mountain.”
The father said he would closely connect love with his job, go on carrying out scientific research in the areas where the country needs it and write papers about his motherland in the future.
27．Why were Chen Gang and his son honored as heroes?
_______________________________________________________________
28．What did the father and son do during their climb of Mount Qomolangma?
_______________________________________________________________
29．What title did Chen Gang get in 2020?
______________________________________________________________
30．What should we learn from the father and son according to Huang and Wang?
_______________________________________________________________
31．List two of the father’s future plans.
①_____________________________________________________________
②_____________________________________________________________

【短文大意】
本文介绍了陈刚与其儿子陈李昊成功登顶珠峰一事。
【答案解析】
27．根据“Chen Gang and his son, Chen Lihao, were honored as heroes recently at China University of Geosciences (Wuhan). The father and son pair reached the top of Mount Qomolangma at about 10:30 a. m. on April 30, 2022.”可知，这对父子成功登顶珠峰，因此被尊为英雄。故填Because they reached the top of Mount Qomolangma.
28．根据“During their journey to the top of the world, 8, 849 meters above the sea level, they carried out scientific research and collected a large number of samples of ice, snow, plants and rocks.”可知，在攀登海拔8849米的世界之巅的过程中，他们进行了科学研究，收集了大量的冰、雪、植物和岩石样本。故填They carried out scientific research and collected a large number of samples of ice, snow, plants and rocks.
29．根据“In 2020, he won the title ‘Good teacher in Hubei province’.”可知，2020年陈刚荣获“湖北省优秀教师”称号。故填Good teacher in Hubei province.
30．根据“They said all teachers and students should closely connect their personal futures with national needs and climb their new peaks (山峰) in scientific research and daily life.”可知，黄和王认为，所有的老师和学生都应该把自己的个人未来与国家需求紧密联系起来，攀登科学研究和日常生活的新高峰。故填We should closely connect our personal futures with national needs and climb our new peaks in scientific research and daily life.
31．根据“The father said he would closely connect love with his job, go on carrying out scientific research in the areas where the country needs it and write papers about his motherland in the future.”可知，陈刚表示，他将把爱和工作紧密联系起来，在国家需要的领域继续进行科学研究，并在未来撰写关于祖国的论文。故填go on carrying out scientific research in the areas；write papers about his motherland。
（2022·湖北黄石·统考中考真题）阅读短文，回答问题。
Living in a community, people depend on each other and help each other. That is why a group of special people in the community are ready to lend a helping hand to anyone in need.
For example, what would we do without a community fire station? If a house catches fire, as the Millers’ house did last month, it might be burned down and people might get hurt… or worse. Luckily, the community firemen came to put out the fire and saved them.
Think about these years, who has helped us receive COVID-19 vaccinations (疫苗) in order. Who has worked around the clock helping to organize COVID-19 tests? It is the community doctors and nurses that make sure we have a healthy life.
And what about our local police? They protect our families and valuable things. Especially after a heavy rain, they always come to save the people.
Think about all the other service workers in our community. Cleaners collect waste and rubbish and keep our community sanitary. Road workers repair traffic signs and fix holes in the streets to protect not just us, but also our cars! And think about what would happen without teachers in our school.
Think again about what we eat, what we wear and what we use every day. We cannot produce them, but we use them all the time. The tireless workers keep our community running. We need them but in fact, we are one of them. So let’s support and help each other. Only when we pull together can we make our community a better place.
32．What happened to the Millers’ house last month?
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
33．From Para. 3, what can you know doctors and nurses are ready to fight against?
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
34．Who always offers help to the people after a heavy rain?
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
35．What does the underlined word “sanitary” mean in English?
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
36．What does the writer want to tell us?
_________________________________________________________________________________________________

【短文大意】
本文主要讲述了生活在一个社区里，人们互相依赖，互相帮助。只有我们齐心协力，才能使我们的社区变得更美好。
【答案解析】
32．根据“If a house catches fire, as the Millers’ house did last month, it might be burned down”（如果一栋房子着火，就像米勒家上个月发生的那样，它可能会被烧毁）可知米勒家的房子上个月着火了。故填The Millers’ house caught fire last month.
33．根据“Think about these years, who has helped us receive COVID-19 vaccinations (疫苗) in order. Who has worked around the clock helping to organize COVID-19 tests? It is the community doctors and nurses that make sure we have a healthy life.”（想想这些年，谁先后帮助我们接种了COVID-19疫苗。谁夜以继日地帮助组织COVID-19检测？是社区的医生和护士确保我们有一个健康的生活。）可知医生和护士做好了对抗新冠病毒的准备。故填They are ready to fight against COVID-19.
34．根据“And what about our local police? They protect our families and valuable things. Especially after a heavy rain, they always come to save the people.”（那我们当地的警察呢？他们保护我们的家庭和贵重物品。尤其是在大雨之后，他们总是来拯救人民。）可知是警察在大雨之后帮助人们。故填Local police.
35．根据“Think about all the other service workers in our community. Cleaners collect waste and rubbish and keep our community sanitary. ”可知清洁工收集垃圾是为了保持社区卫生，卫生就是保持地方的清洁。故填Keeping the place clean.
36．根据“So let’s support and help each other. Only when we pull together can we make our community a better place.”（所以，让我们互相支持和帮助。只有我们齐心协力，才能使我们的社区变得更美好。）可知作者想告诉我们：只有我们齐心协力，才能使我们的社区变得更美好。故填 Only when we pull together can we make our community a better place.
（2022·辽宁鞍山·统考中考真题）阅读短文，根据短文内容，回答下列问题。
Everyone has their favorite food. Some might love chocolate. Some might love potato chips. Think about your favorite food. Have you ever wondered why your favorite food tastes so delicious? The answer is about your tongue（舌头）and nose. There are some taste buds（味蕾）on your tongue. They give you the sense of taste. How do the taste buds work? In fact, there are many tiny hairs on the taste buds. These tiny hairs send messages to your brain about how something tastes. In this way, you know whether it is sweet, sour, bitter or salty.
A person has about 10,000 taste buds. They keep working all the time when we enjoy our food. The taste buds don’t always stay the same. They are replaced（更新）every two weeks or so.
However, as a person gets older, some of these taste buds don’t get replaced. The old may only have 5,000 working taste buds. That’s why some foods may taste stronger for you than they do for the old.
Besides your tongue, your nose also helps you learn about the taste of food. Sometimes,  strong smells can even confuse（使困惑）your sense of taste. Try holding an onion under your nose while eating an apple. What do you taste?
So next time you enjoy salty pizza and sweet ice cream, thank your tongue and your nose. Without them, you won’t have any sense of taste at all. Without the sense of taste, life will be boring.
37．Why does your favorite food taste good?
______________________________
38．How do the taste buds work according to the passage?
______________________________
39．How often are the taste buds replaced?
______________________________
40．Does only your tongue help you learn about the taste of food?
______________________________
41．How will people feel if they don’t have the sense of taste?
______________________________

【短文大意】
本文介绍了关于味觉的相关信息。
【答案解析】
37．根据“The answer is about your tongue and nose. There are some taste buds on your tongue. They give you the sense of taste.”可知，是因为舌头和鼻子，它们可以帮助我们品尝食物。故填Because of your tongue and nose.
38．根据“In fact, there are many tiny hairs on the taste buds. These tiny hairs send messages to your brain about how something tastes. In this way, you know whether it is sweet, sour, bitter or salty.”可知，舌头上有味蕾，味蕾上细小的毛发向我们的大脑发送关于食物味道的信息。故填There are many tiny hairs on the taste buds. These tiny hairs send messages to your brain about how something tastes.
39．根据“The taste buds don’t always stay the same. They are replaced every two weeks or so.”可知，味蕾大约每两周更换一次。故填Every two weeks or so.
40．根据“Besides your tongue, your nose also helps you learn about the taste of food.”可知，除了舌头，鼻子也能帮助你了解食物的味道，所以此处是作否定回答。故填No.
41．根据“Without the sense of taste, life will be boring.”可知，没有味觉，生活就会枯燥无味。故填They will feel bored.
（2022·吉林长春·统考中考真题）Someone once told me, “Senior high school life will be a journey full of challenges and hope.” At that time, I didn’t understand what he meant. However, my first day at senior high school made me realize the meaning of his words.
My senior high school life began on August 26th. I woke up early and stepped into my high school. The minute I saw the class list on the wall, I found zero old classmates or friends in my class! None! When I entered the classroom, I saw a middle-aged man. “Welcome to my class! I’m your teacher,” he said. After everybody was seated, each of us made a short self-introduction.
Then my teacher announced that we were going to make an important decision on our senior high school life — to choose the courses from all the subjects at school. “This will have a lot to do with your future. The school adviser will help you choose the suitable ones. You still have several days to think about it or have a talk about it with your parents!” said my teacher. “High school life has started, and you should be responsible for your decisions.”
In the evening, I sat in the living room silently. Dad asked me to share the day with him. After hearing my words, Dad touched me softly and said, “Different things happen in every period of our life. And they all come with hope. You could make the first move to make new friends. What’s more, you could join different clubs at senior high. As for choosing courses, isn’t it a good thing? You could choose the ones you like and the ones that you are good at. Come on, my boy!”
I start to look forward to my challenging and hopeful high school life. I believe I can make it.
根据短文内容，回答下列问题。
42．When did the writer’s senior high school life begin?
______________________________________________________
43．Who was the middle-aged man in the classroom?
______________________________________________________
44．What was the important decision the students were going to make?
______________________________________________________
45．Where did the writer share the day with his father in the evening?
______________________________________________________
46．What will the writer’s following senior high school life be like?
______________________________________________________

【短文大意】
本文主要介绍了作者进入高中的第一天的所见所闻，并且因为选择课程而苦恼，经过爸爸的开导，作者对即将开始的高中生活充满了期待。
【答案解析】
42．根据“My senior high school life began on August 26th”可知，高中生活开始于8月26日，故填On August 26th.
43．根据“When I entered the classroom, I saw a middle-aged man. ‘Welcome to my class! I’m your teacher,’”可知，这位中年人是作者的老师，故填He is the writer’s teacher.
44．根据“Then my teacher announced that we were going to make an important decision on our senior high school life — to choose the courses from all the subjects at school”可知，重要的决定是从学校所有的科目中选择课程，故填It was to choose the courses from all the subjects at school.
45．根据“In the evening, I sat in the living room silently. Dad asked me to share the day with him”可知，在客厅跟父亲分享了这一天的生活，故填In the living room.
46．根据“I start to look forward to my challenging and hopeful high school life”可知，这将会是充满挑战和希望的高中生活，故填It will be like a challenging and hopeful high school life.
（2022·辽宁丹东·统考中考真题）根据短文内容按要求完成任务，并将答案写在答题卡的相应位置上。根据短文内容简要回答下面的问题。
Imagine a house made of glass in the forest. You can watch the sunset(日落) in the house every night. A young artist couple made that dream come true. Nick and Lila built such a house. They made the whole thing by hand for only $500. Why did it cost so little? Because it’s mainly made of old windows.
Nick and Lila traveled around the country collecting windows from old houses and yard sales. They only had to buy a few new windows to complete the wall. Another cost saver—Nick’s family happens to own a piece of land in West Virginia, so they built on that land.
The crazy couple gave up their jobs and spent months just building this glass house in the forest. It sounds like a joke. Wouldn’t we all love to drop everything and build a glass house in the middle of the forest, right? I’m crazy about the house and the way they made it.
I love what Lila says about the house. “I never thought I could build such a house. When you build something like this, you feel great. Nick and Lila say the light in the house changes during the day. If you have time, you can spend the whole day just looking out of the windows, watching the light and paying attention to all those little changes. They feel a sense of satisfaction.
47．Where is the house?
_____________________________________
48．How much did it cost to build the house?
_____________________________________
49．Did the couple buy a piece of land for building the house?
_____________________________________
50．How long did the couple spend building the house?
_____________________________________
51．Why do you think the house makes the couple satisfied? (本小题答案限定在15个词之内)
_____________________________________

【短文大意】
本文是一篇记叙文，介绍一对年轻的艺术家夫妇在森林里建了一座玻璃房子。
【答案解析】
47．根据“Imagine a house made of glass in the forest.”可知，房子在森林里，故填In the forest.
48．根据“They made the whole thing by hand for only $500.”可知，他们全手工制作，只花了500美元。故填$500.
49．根据“Nick’s family happens to own a piece of land in West Virginia, so they built on that land.”可知，尼克的家族恰好在西弗吉尼亚州有块地，所以他们在那块地上建了房子，因此他们没有买地盖房子，故填No.
50．根据“The crazy couple gave up their jobs and spent months just building this glass house in the forest.”可知，他们花了几个月的时间建造这座房子，故填They spent months building the house.
51．根据“If you have time, you can spend the whole day just looking out of the windows, watching the light and paying attention to all those little changes. They feel a sense of satisfaction.”可知，如果你有时间，你可以花一整天的时间看着窗外，看着灯光，注意所有的小变化，他们感到一种满足感。故填Looking out of the window, watching the light and paying attention to little changes.
（2022·辽宁锦州·统考中考真题）根据短文内容回答短文后的问题，并将答案写在答题卡的相应位置。
The word silk itself is beautiful. The story of silk started in China over 4, 000 years ago. One story says a silkworm’s cocoon (茧) fell into a woman’s teacup. It then opened into a single, unbroken thread (线). This was an important discovery. The Chinese learned they could use the cocoons to make cloth that was both beautiful to look at and soft to touch.
Making silk was a protected secret in China for many years. In other countries, silk was very valuable. Often it was worth more than gold. It was said that the secret was finally given away when a queen left China for India. In her hair, she secretly carried many silkworms.
By the year 1 A．D．, silk was sold as far west as Rome, and all along the Silk Road. Finally, around the year 300, silk also travelled from China to Japan. In 1522, the Spanish brought silkworms to Mexico.
Today people around the world still make many beautiful things from silk. But silk isn’t only beautiful. It looks easy to break, but actually it’s very strong. For example, people have already used it to make bicycle wheels. And some doctors even use silk threads in hospital. Silk is also lightweight and warm. This makes it great for clothes like winter jackets, trousers and shoes.
All of this is from a little silkworm. That is the magic of silk.
52．How long has the story of silk been told in China?
___________________________________________
53．Which country did the queen leave for?
___________________________________________
54．What did the Spanish bring to Mexico in 1522?
___________________________________________
55．Can people use silk to make bicycle wheels?
___________________________________________
56．Why is silk great for clothes like winter jackets, trousers and shoes?
___________________________________________

【短文大意】
本文主要讲述了丝绸的历史，它是如何从中国走向世界的，以及它的价值，特别之处。
【答案解析】
52．根据“The story of silk started in China over 4, 000 years ago”可知丝绸的故事在中国流传有4000多年了，故填Over 4000 years.
53．根据“It was said that the secret was finally given away when a queen left China for India”可知女王离开中国前往印度，故填India.
54．根据“In 1522, the Spanish brought silkworms to Mexico.”可知西班牙人在1522年给墨西哥带来了蚕，故填Silkworms.
55．根据“For example, people have already used it to make bicycle wheels.”可知人们能用丝绸做自行车轮子，故填Yes.
56．根据“Silk is also lightweight and warm. This makes it great for clothes like winter jackets, trousers and shoes.”可知是因为丝绸很轻，很暖和，故填Because silk is lightweight and warm.
（2022·湖南张家界·统考中考真题）阅读下面的短文，根据所读内容回答问题。
Many students may have time to enjoy after-school activities because of the double reduction policy（双减政策）. Some students can play sports. Some students can go to learn music. Other students can draw or practice calligraphy（书法）and more. Many people believe after-school activities are fun and good for students.
But why should students do after-school activities? Here are some good reasons. First, doing an after-school activity is a good short break from studying. Second, students can make some friends while doing after-school activities. Third, students can get some new skills from the activities.
57．Why may many students have time to enjoy after-school activities?
________________________________________________
58．Who do many people believe after-school activities are good for?
________________________________________________
59．How many good reasons are there for doing after-school activities?
________________________________________________
60．Can students get any new skills from the activities?
________________________________________________
61．What do you think of the double reduction policy?
________________________________________________

【短文大意】
本文主要介绍了在“双减政策”下，学生们可以参加更多的课外活动，并介绍了这些课外活动对学生的好处。
【答案解析】
57．根据“Many students may have time to enjoy after-school activities because of the double reduction policy（双减政策）.”可知，由于双减政策，许多学生可以有时间享受课后活动。故填Because of the double reduction policy.
58．根据“Many people believe after-school activities are fun and good for students.”可知，许多人认为课后活动对学生来说既有趣又有益。故填They think the activities are fun and good for students./For students.
59．根据“Here are some good reasons...First...Second...Third...”可知，一共有三个原因。故填Three./3.
60．根据“students can get some new skills from the activities.”可知，学生们能从活动中获得新的技能，所以此处作肯定回答。故填Yes.
61．开放性题，答案合理即可。参考答案为I think it is good for students.
（2022·湖南湘西·统考中考真题）阅读短文，根据短文内容简要回答下列问题。
China throws（扔）away enough food to feed about 5, 000, 000 people every year. President Xi calls on Chinese people to stop wasting their food and try to change the bad habit. It’s called Operation Empty Plate（光盘行动）.
“We’re going to prepare plates of two different sizes for people. That way, they can choose the one they need.” A restaurant owner said.
Some eaters are known as “big eaters”. Today it is not easy for you to find them. When you search for “big eaters” online, you can watch a short video. The video tells people not to waste food.
Now, schools around the country are also teaching children to treasure（珍惜）food from a young age in different ways. Students need to return his empty plate at a school in Shanghai. The school starts the “Clear Your Plate” program to stop food waste.
A teacher tells stories about saving food before having meals at school in Xiangxi. The school hopes that children know it’s important to treasure food.
62．How many people can be fed by the food China throws away every year?
______________________________________________________
63．Who calls on Chinese people to stop wasting their food and try to change the bad habit?
______________________________________________________
64．Why is the restaurant owner going to prepare plates of two different sizes for people?
______________________________________________________
65．Is it easy for you to find “big eaters” today?
______________________________________________________
66．What does the school in Xiangxi hope?
______________________________________________________

【短文大意】
本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了习主席呼吁中国人民停止浪费食物, 努力改变这种坏习惯并且提倡光盘行动。
【答案解析】
62．根据“China throws（扔）away enough food to feed about 5, 000, 000 people every year.”可知中国每年扔掉足够养活五百万人的食物。故填About 5, 000, 000 people.
63．根据“President Xi calls on Chinese people to stop wasting their food and try to change the bad habit.”可知习主席号召中国人停止浪费食物，努力改掉这个坏习惯。故填President Xi.
64．根据“That way, they can choose the one they need.”可知餐馆老板打算给客人们提供两种大小不同的盘子是为了人们可以选择需要的那一个。故填That way, they can choose the one they need.
65．根据“Some eaters are known as “big eaters”. Today it is not easy for you to find them.”可知有些人因“大胃王”而出名，现在要找到他们没那么容易了，因此答案是否定的。故填No.
66．根据“The school hopes that children know it’s important to treasure food.”可知湘西的学校希望孩子们知道珍惜食物的重要性。故填The school hopes that children know it’s important to treasure food.
（2022·内蒙古通辽·统考中考真题）DNA is the whole “map” of the human body. It is something that all humans have, and it tells the body what to do. DNA is the reason that we look like our parents, because we get some of their DNA to make our own.
People have been trying to understand the human body for a long time. In 1860, Mr. Mendel discovered why we look similar to other people in our family. It is because of small things called “genes” in our body. In 1953, two scientists, Watson and Crick, found out that those small parts are real messages. They are written in the DNA with a special language.
In 1961, another two scientists found the first “word” that they could understand in that language. It shows how DNA tells the cell （细胞） to build its parts. So far, scientists have found all the words in the DNA map, but we do not understand what they all do. By understanding what just one “word” means, we can help to save people from several illnesses. So the more we understand, the more doctors will be able to do.
Most people hope that this will help to make better medicine to help sick people. Other people worry that when we learn more “words” and find out more information, we will use it in the wrong way, just to make people more attractive, or stop sick people getting jobs.
根据短文内容，请用完整句子回答下列问题。
67．Why do we look like our parents?
__________________________________
68．What did the two scientists find in 1961?
__________________________________
69．How can we help sick people if we understand more “words” in the DNA map?
__________________________________
70．What does the underlined word “They” refer to?
__________________________________
71．What can we know from the last paragraph?
__________________________________

【短文大意】
本文主要介绍了DNA的发现历史，并介绍了这一发现对于人类生活的影响。
【答案解析】
67．根据“DNA is the reason that we look like our parents, because we get some of their DNA to make our own.”可知，我们的DNA来自于父母，所以像我们的父母。故填Because we get some of their DNA to make our own.
68．根据“In 1961, another two scientists found the first ‘word’ that they could understand in that language.”可知，1961年，两位科学家发现了他们能用这种语言理解的第一个“单词”。故填They found the first “word” that they could understand in that language.
69．根据“Most people hope that this will help to make better medicine to help sick people.”可知，如果我们发现更多的DNA信息，我们可以通过制造更好的药来帮助病人。故填By making better medicine.
70．根据“It is because of small things called ‘genes’ in our body. In 1953, two scientists, Watson and Crick, found out that those small parts are real messages. They are written in the DNA with a special language.”可知，科学家发现人体内有基因，它们用一种特殊的语言写在DNA里，故划线部分指代“基因”。故填Genes.
71．根据“Most people hope that this will help to make better medicine to help sick people…we will use it in the wrong way”可知，最后一段介绍DNA的发现对人类有好处，但是如果错误运用，对人类可能也有坏处。故填The discovery of DNA can be good or bad for people.