【备考2023】中考英语重难点专题特训学案（全国通用）—— 37 补全对话 （原卷版+解析版）

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专项五  中考题型 重难点37  补全对话 1.补全对话解题要求1.1. 考生应熟读并背诵问候、介绍、问路、看病、购物、就餐、祝愿、打电话、谈天气等情境中的固定句式和习惯表达方式。1.2. 答题时要面向整体内容，切忌片面理解。1.3. 抓好关键词，进行推断，使填词后组成的句子结构完整、合理。1.4. 注意对话的表达要符合英美人的风俗习惯。1.5. 正确书写，从容答题。答题时应注意单词的正确拼写和大小写。2.补全对话答题步骤2.1. 通览全文、揣摩话题。解题时应先跳过空格通览全文。2.2. 根据语境填写单词或句子。2.3. 通盘考虑、前后联想、先易后难。2.4. 通读对话、义形结合、验证答案。3.补全对话注意事项3.1. 必须瞻前顾后、全盘考虑。3.2. 做题前应注意试题前面有没有中文或英语的背景提示。3.3. 考生应注意把已选出的选项划去，避免重复选择的错误。3.4. 做题时要先易后难。4.补全对话满分技巧 4.1. 填单词型补全对话主要的答题策略有：答题时要面向整体内容，切忌片面理解。答题时，跳过空行，快速把全篇对话通读一篇，了解对话的整体结构，把握对话的内容及语境。语境决定了语言的表达方式、双方说话人的态度以及表达的内容。如在餐馆、图书馆、车站、商店等不同的地点，都有各自的语言表达方式。因而，在做题时，应在理解全篇对话内容的基础上，准确地把握语言环境，把自己＂置身＂于语境之中，理解双方谈话的意图。①根据语境、填写单词。在把握话题和语境的基础上，针对对话的每一空白处，细读所提供的前后文，认真分析它们之间的异同，依据对话有关情景内容，填写相应的单词。②通读对话、义形结合、验证答案。将对话补全之后，再将整段对话通读一遍，逐一验证答案。所填的答案不仅语义上要符合语境，而且要保证语言正确，做到说话得体。根据对话的内容考生写出句子，这样的题型相对难一些，要求考生不仅能正确理解短文的语境，还要用正确的句子表达出来，它是以书面形式考查考生英语口头交际能力和逻辑思维能力。要熟悉中西差异，掌握两个不同民族的交际习惯，特别是和生活有关的口语运用中的表达习惯。4.2. 写句子型补全对话的解题策略有：①明确要表达的意思。对于对话的内容要熟悉，根据上下文的语境推测空格处要表达的意思。②注意时态。既然要写的是句子，当然要用适当的时态，具体用什么时态，需要根据上文表达的语境来判断，不能随意写。③注意句型。要用适当的句型来写，并且用自己熟悉的正确的句型，不要写出汉语式的英语句子。使所写句子与上下文呼应，争取做到天衣无缝。要充分利用所给的提示或上下文甚至文章中的标点信息，认真分析上下文是做好补全对话题目的有效手段，有些题目是可以从下文中得到启示的，还有些题目需要通读全文之后才能推敲出答案，所以一定要注意联系上下文。4.3. 选句子补全对话的解题策略有：①浏览快速通读全文，了解补话试题的大致内容及情景。在头脑中快速筛选使用什么语句，把自己想象成对话中的一个角色，切身体验如何进行对话交际。②分析对话，试填答案。根据通读全文所获得的信息试探性地猜测所需语句。试填答案时一要问答一致，根据所学有关方面典型句型来试填。 二要注意对话的表达要符合西方人的风俗习惯，英汉两种语言对日常生活中的同一话题可能会有不同的表达方法。通常在补全对话命题中可以根据答语来确定疑问句的种类，如以yes, no作答的肯定是一般疑问句和反意疑问句；以时间、地点或方式等细节信息作答的多为特殊疑问句。如： A：_____________________?B：We’re going to Los Angeles.我们只需对Los Angeles这个地名画线提问就可以了，找出特殊疑问词Where，然后变原句为一般疑问句即可，正确答案：Where are you going?。③复读全文，验证答案。填完后要求考生把整个对话重读一遍，检查问答是否一致，对话是不是通顺、流畅，前后句子是不是符合逻辑，是否符合习惯用法。4.4. 选词型补全对话的解题策略有：原题给出单词，要求考生根据语境来判断这里应该选用哪个词是最佳答案。要根据上下文来判断该词用的什么形式，所写的单词的形式要符合句子结构、句式特点及句意。①仔细阅读对话，了解大意。了解对话所围绕的哪种情景，如去商店、书店、药店、水果店买东西、看电影、彼此交谈、某项活动、同学对话等等。不同的内容用不同的交际用语。②推敲语境、分析句子结构及特点。在解题过程中，要根据具体语境和上下文分析对话中所缺成分，判断所缺单词的词类，看看是名词、动词、还是形容词、副词等；是词组、短句还是固定搭配。注意变化形式，如动词形式和时态、语态特征等。4.5. 考生易犯的错误错误一：答题时只见＂树木＂，不见＂森林＂。即对上下文中的信息点把握不全，答题时急于动手。错误二：不看场景，乱用熟悉句式。即对已掌握的大纲规定语言项目机械记忆，答题时随机使用，忽视上下文。 错误三：忽视中西差异，使用汉式英语。即对中西文化、思维、语言差异不重视，以至于失分错解。错误四：语法基础不扎实的错误。有些同学虽然能把握上下文语境，只顾填词、填句而忽略了时态或形式等语法规则，造成答案错误失分。错误五：忽视生活常识。缺乏对生活常识的积累，解题时凭空猜想。错误六：忽视主题。答题时缺少对全文的把握，不能正确判断对话的主题，断章取义。速记口诀文化差异要分清，常用语句记心中。通读全文判情景，标点符号要注意。先易后难为顺序，完后重读来验证。巧思多练是上策，补全对话不难做。总之，在做补全对话题时，考生应在通读全篇对话的基础上，把握各部分之间的逻辑关系，充分理解谈话内容及谈话人双方的意图，使补全后的对话思想通顺，前后连贯，且符合英美人的语言表达方式，这样才算把补全对话题做得完美无缺了。解题时应正确使用会话用语，日常会话用语有一定的语言模式，应熟练掌握；理清询问或答语：若为询问句，则应注意询问句与其上下句的关系；若为疑问句，还要搞清楚何种疑问句，是一般疑问句，还是特殊疑问句，或选择疑问句。弄清了疑问句的种类，好对症下药，给出中肯的答语；注意上下句式关系：上下句子间有多种关系、有因果关系、转折关系，描述、过程、空间、举例、证明、分类、比较、对比、比拟、类推和添加等关系。对话句之间的关系搞清楚了，就容易根据这一特定语境确定选项。 补全对话主要考查学生的口语能力。常见题型有：1. 填单词型补全对话；2. 写句子型补全对话；3. 选句子型补全对话。典例解析ALi Hu: Hello, Ben.Ben: Hello, Li Hu. You look happy today.Li Hu: ____1____Ben: Congratulations! But I know little about it. Do you often have this activity?Li Hu: ____2____ We have it to celebrate our Dragon Boat Festival. Ben: We don’t have such a festival in our hometown. ____3____Li Hu: Yes, it is. ____4____Ben: Is it delicious? Where can I get this kind of food?Li Hu: It is quite delicious. And I am good at making it. ____5____Ben: That’s very kind of you. Thanks a lot.A. We also eat a kind of special food called zongzi.B. No, only once a year.C. I’ll bring some here tomorrow.D. Do Chinese often celebrate it?E. I like the Dragon Boat Festival.F. Is it a Chinese traditional festival?G. Our team got the first place in the dragon-boat race.【对话大意】对话主要是通过对方赢得了龙舟赛的事情引出了中国的传统节日——端午节，并提到吃粽子的事情。【答案解析】【51题详解】句意：我们队在龙舟比赛中得了第一名。根据前句You look happy today.以及后句Congratulations!可知，这里指的是让人高兴的事情，综合所给的选项可知，G选项符合，故选G。【52题详解】句意：没有，一年只有一次。根据前句Do you often have this activity?可知，这里是回答这个问题的，有关事情发生的频率的，所以B选项比较符合，故选B。【53题详解】句意：这是中国的传统节日吗？根据前句We don’t have such a festival in our hometown.以及后句Yes, it is.可知，这里说的应该是“这是中国特有的节日”，也就是传统节日，所给选项中F选项符合，故选F。【54题详解】句意：我们也吃一种叫粽子的特殊食物。根据后句Is it delicious?可知，这里说的是一种吃的东西，综合所给的信息可知，A选项符合，故选A。【55题详解】句意：我明天带一些来。根据前句And I am good at making it.以及后句That’s very kind of you. Thanks a lot.可知，这里应该是带给对方粽子，综合所给选项可知，C选项符合，故选C。 一、填写适当的句子补全对话（2022·辽宁阜新·中考真题）用适当的句子、短语或单词完成对话，使对话完整正确。Tony: Hi, Tony speaking. Daming: Hi, Tony. _____1_____. Do you want to see a film this evening? Tony: Oh, it’s very nice of you to _____2_____. What’s the film about? Daming: It’s about animals in danger, and what the government is doing to protect them. Tony: Oh, I’d like to see it. I’m doing my homework about that. _____3_____? Daming: It will start at eight o’clock. Tony: So what time _____4_____? Daming: At half past seven, outside the school gate. Tony: OK. See you then. Daming: _____5_____.  二、填写适当的单词补全对话（2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·统考中考真题）填入一个适当的词补全对话，每空一词。A: Hi, Mary. We’re going to have our graduation (毕业) party. ____6____ you decided what to do yet? B: No, but we need to record the happiest time.A: I agree. I’ll bring my camera here.B: Do you think writing some words to each other is a wonderful idea? A: Yes, I think ____7____.B: Why ____8____ invite our teachers to the party? A: Good idea. I can’t wait.B: Let’s get ready for it together.A: When and ____9____ shall we meet?B: Let’s meet in our classroom at 9:00 a.m. tomorrow.A: All ____10____. See you! （2022·四川泸州·统考中考真题）根据对话内容，在每个空缺处填入一个适当的词，使整段对话意思完整。（每空限填一词）A: Hey, Jack, I plan to watch TV tonight. Do you want to join me? B: Sure. What do you want to ____11____? A: Well, what do you think of talk shows? B: I don’t mind ____12____, but sometimes they can be a bit boring. A: That’s true. Do you want to watch the news? B: Yes, I think ____13____. Maybe we can watch that new talent ____14____ after the news. I usually can’t stand talent shows, but that one is quite funny. A: OK, sure, but the soccer game starts ____15____ 5:00 pm. B: Oh, yeah, I want to watch that game, too. 三、选择适当的单词补全对话（2022·广西桂林·统考中考真题）根据对话内容，用方框中所给词的选项补全对话。A．is    B．ten    C．to    D．like    E. cakes A: Would you like to come to my house this Sunday?B: Yes, I’d ____16____ to. What time?A: At ____17____ o’clock. B: Who ____18____ coming, too?A: Li Hua. B: What will we do?A: We will listen ____19____ music in the morning. B: What will we have for lunch?A: How about some ____20____?B: Great! 四、补全对话7选5（2022·贵州遵义·统考中考真题）Han Mei: Hi. Li Lei. Do you know when World Earth Day is? Li Lei: Of course. ___21___ Han Mei: That’s right. We celebrated it in our school two months ago.Li Lei: ___22___ Han Mei: We had an event. We exchanged our unwanted things with each other at the event.Li Lei: ___23___ Our school also had a speech competition about environmental protection. Han Mei: What’s the theme of your speech competition?Li Lei: ___24___ Han Mei: It’s a good way to make people realize the importance of protecting our earth. Li Lei: Everyone should play a part. After all, we all share one planet.Han Mei: I agree. ___25___A．Sounds interesting.B．Let’s start small for our planet.C．The theme is “Save Our Planet”.D．What did you do on that special day?E．It’s celebrated on April 22 every year.F．Why do we celebrate the special day?G．It seems impossible for us to protect it well. 五、补全对话6选5（2022·贵州安顺·统考中考真题）选择文后最佳选项完成对话。选项中有一项为多余选项。A: Good morning, Wang Juan.B: ____26____A: I’m hearing you’ve won the first prize in the speech show of your school, congratulations!B: Thank you. You know July 1st this year is the 10 1st birthday of the Communist Party of China. We had the speech show for celebrating it.A: ____27____B: Yes. I talked about the history of our great Party and the great changes in our country. A: Really? We are also preparing some activities for it these days.B: What kinds of activities are you preparing? A: ____28____B: A singing competition? When will it be held, please? A: ____29____B: I like singing. Can I come and watch it?A: ____30____ You can come that day and we will be meeting at 2 p.m. at the school gate. B: Ok. See you then!A: See you!A．Did you talk something about the Communist Party of China?B．Good morning, Li Wei.C．It will be held on the afternoon of June 27th.D．An art show and a big singing competition.E．Yes, you are right.F．Of course you can, you are absolutely welcome. （2022·吉林长春·统考中考真题）根据对话内容，运用所给的句子选项补全对话。选项中有一项是多余的。 Wang Fei: Hello, Liu Ming! Did you watch the CCTV news this morning?Liu Ming: No, I didn’t. ____31____Wang Fei: Yes, there was. Shenzhou XIV was launched（发射）successfully.Liu Ming: Oh, I missed watching it. What a pity!Wang Fei: Three astronauts were sent into space, and one of them is a woman.Liu Ming: Really? ____32____Wang Fei: She is Liu Yang. This is the second time that she has been sent into space.Liu Ming: ____33____Wang Fei: In 2012. She made history.Liu Ming: Sounds amazing! How did she become an astronaut?Wang Fei: ____34____Liu Ming: She is so excellent. You really know about her well.Wang Fei: Of course, I do. She is a heroine（女英雄）in my heart.Liu Ming: ____35____Wang Fei: Right. We Chinese take pride in her.A．Who is she?B．I start to admire her, too.C．Was there anything special?D．Where did she achieve her dream?E．When did she go into space for the first time?F．By trying her best to pass hundreds of tests and putting in much effort. 六、补全对话5选5（2022·广西桂林·统考中考真题）根据对话内容，选出最佳选项补全对话。A: Hello, Jenny! Where were you born?B: ____36____ A: When were you born?B: ____37____ A: Who was your first teacher?B: ____38____ A: Was he nice?B: ____39____ A: Oh, it’s time for class. Goodbye!B: ____40____A．Mr. Smith.B．I was born in England.C．Bye!D．In 2007.E．Yes, he was. （2022·贵州毕节·统考中考真题）根据对话内容，从选项中所给的五个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。每个选项只能选一次。A: ___41___ B: Pretty good.  ___42___ A: Who did you go with? B: I went with my parents and my brother. A: Did you go by bus or by car? B: Neither. ___43___ A: How long did it take you to get there? B: ___44___ It was much faster. A: ___45___ B: It has changed a lot with the help of the government. A: I’m glad to hear that.A．We went by high speed train.B．How was your weekend?C．What do you think of your hometown?D．I went back to my hometown to see my grandparents.E．Only one hour. 七、补全对话单选（2022·山东济南·统考中考真题）A: Hi, Li Hua. _________B: I’m making a plan for our graduation ceremony. Would you like to join me?A: _________ When is it?B: Next Sunday morning. But I have no idea how to show thanks to our teachers.A: Let me see. _________B: Good idea. I’ll buy some in a shop.A: Better not, the cards in the shop are not special.B: That’s right. _________A: Why not ask everyone to design a card by themselves?B: Sounds good.A: We can also take photos with our teachers and stick them to the card.B: Yes. Photos can record our happy moments. _________A: No problem. I’m good at it.46．A．What are you doing? B．What is your hobby?C．Where are you from? D．How is the weather?47．A．Sorry to hear that. B．You’re welcome.C．Sure. I’d love to. D．Catch you on Monday.48．A．Why is he always late for school? B．How about giving them thank-you cards?C．How are you going to be a teacher? D．Where is he going to spend his vacation?49．A．Pardon me? B．Any better ideas? C．Who else? D．Are you kidding?50．A．Do you like movies? B．Did your parents come here?C．Will you eat outside? D．Can you help me take photos? 八、句子配对（2022·贵州安顺·统考中考真题） 从右栏选项中找出左栏各句的最佳应答。选项中有一项为多余选项。___51___. Do you have some rules in your school? ___52___. Can I help you? ___53___. I am glad to give you a hand, Lily. ___54___. When is the National Day of China?___55___. I’ll take part in a cooking show tomorrow.A．Yes, I’d like to buy some socks.B．On October 1st every year.C．Wish you successful.D．Yes, we do.E. Congratulations! F. Thanks a lot.  （2022·新疆·统考中考真题）从B栏选出与A栏相匹配的答语。AB___56___ Which season do you like best?    ___57___ I think teenagers should do chores.___58___ How much is the blue shirt?___59___ What does she look like? ___60___ Is there a library near here?    A．She has long straight hair. B．Autumn. C．Yes, it’s next to the bank. D．I agree with you.E. It’s 50 dollars.