07.语法单选拔高题精练精析-版上海名校高中自主招生英语黄金宝典

这是一份07.语法单选拔高题精练精析-版上海名校高中自主招生英语黄金宝典，共17页。

第07讲： 语法单选拔高题训练


考点归纳、真题链接、考前巩固

v 第一套
1. — Do you want tea or coffee? —______. I really don't mind.
A. None B. Neither C. Either D. All
2. In my view, London's not as expensive in price as Tokyo but Tokyo is______in traffic.
A. the most organized B. more organized C. so organized as D. as organized as
3. My morning ______ includes jogging in the park and reading newspapers over breakfast.
A. drill B. action C. regulation D. routine
4. Since Tom ______ downloaded a virus into his computer, he can not open the file now.
A. readily B. horribly C. accidentally D. irregularly
5.We offer an excellent education to our students. ________, we expect students to work hard.
A. On average B. At best C. In return D. After all
6._________online shopping has changed our life, not all of its effects have been positive.
A. Since B. After C. While D. Unless
7. Unfortunately, when I dropped in, Professor Johnson __________, so we only had time for a few words.
A. has just left B. had just left C. just left D. was just leaving
8. The books on the desk, covers are shiny, are prizes for us.
A. which B. what C. whose D. that
9.We need to get to the root of the problem______ we can solve it.
A. while B. after C. before D. as
10.The students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts______ success in the end.
A. rewarded B. were rewarded C. will reward D. will be rewarded
11.My room is a mess, but I __________clean it before I go out tonight. I can do it in the morning.
A. daren’t B. shouldn’t C. needn’t D. mustn’t
12.The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment, ________ more patients to be treated.
A. being allowed B. allowing C. having allowed D. allowed
13.________ it easier to get in touch with us, you’d better keep this card at hand.
A. Made B. Make C. Making D. To make
14.______ over a week ago, the books are expected to arrive any time now.
A. Ordering B. To order C. Having ordered D. Ordered
15. Only when Lily walked into the office ______ that she had left the contract at home.
A. she realized B. has she realized
C. she has realized D. did she realize
1【答案】 C.
【解析】此题考查代词none, neither, either, all 的用法，根据上句知道是两者之间进行选择，而且从后一句的“我真的不介意”可知第二人的意思是“两者中哪一个都可以”，所以选择either，而其他三项不合题意。

2【答案】B．
【解析】此题考查比较级的用法。根据句意知“在我看来，伦敦的…从价格上看不如东京的贵，但是，从交通上看，东京比伦敦更…”，本句后面实际上是省略了than Tokyo,所以二者进行比较，只能选择答案B。在表示否定的同级比较时，常用本句前面出现“not so/as …as”结构，意为“前者不如后者”。
3.【答案】D
【解析】routine意为“常规,日常事务”，表示“我早上要做的事包括在公园慢走和吃早餐时读报”。drill意为“操练,(反复)练习”；action意为“行动,举动,行为”；regulation意为“规则,规章,调节,校准”。
4【答案】C
【解析】accidentally意为“偶然地,意外地”。根据“...downloaded a virus into his computer”可判断出要用accidentally”，因为下载病毒是偶然事件。readily意为“乐意地,欣然,容易地”;horribly意为“可怕地,非常地”;irregularly意为“不规则地”。
5【答案】C
【解析】考查介词短语。句意：我们给我们的学生们提供极好的教育，作为回报，我们期待我们的学生们努力学习。A.平均起来，一般说来；B.最多，充其量；C.作为回报；D.毕竟，终究。根据句意故选C。
6【答案】C
【解析】句意：尽管网上购物已经改变了我们的生活，但是不是其所有的影响都是积极的。While引导让步状语从句，意为尽管，虽然。since既然，自从；after在……之后；unless除非，故选C。
7【答案】D
【详解】考查时态。句意：不幸的是，当我顺道拜访时，约翰逊教授正要离开，所以我们只说了几句话。由时间状语从句谓语dropped用一般过去时可知，此处指“（过去）正要干某事”，此处用过去进行时（was/were doing）表过去将来。故选D项。
8【答案】C
【解析】考查定语从句。本题考查定语从句的关系词，先行词为the books，和covers之间存在所有关系，故选择C，句意：桌上的书是给我们的奖励，那些书的封面闪闪发光。
9【答案】C
【解析】句意：在我们解决问题之前，我们需要找到问题的根源。A. while当……时候，而；B. after在……之后；C. before在……之前; D. as正如。
10【答案】D
【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：学生们一直在刻苦学习功课，他们的努力（将来）一定会得到回报。根据句意可知，回报是将来要发生的事情，应该用将来时。efforts和reward是被动关系，应该使用被动语态，故选D。
11【答案】C
【解析】句意：我的房间很乱，但是在今晚我出去之前不需要打扫，我可以明天早晨再打扫。A.不敢；B.不应该；C.不需要；D.不许。根据句意，故选C。
12【答案】B
【解析】考查非谓语。句意：这个医院近期购进了新的医疗设备，允许更多的病人被治疗。前句购进医疗设备和后面允许更多的病人被治疗之间是必然的结果关系，用doing作结果状语，表示顺理成章的结果。故选B。
13【答案】D
【解析】考查不定式作目的状语。句意：为了更方便地联系到我们，你最好随身带着这张卡片。这里表示目的，要用动词不定式，故选D。
14【答案】D
【解析】考查过去分词作状语。句意：（因为）那些书是一周多之前订的，现在随时有可能送到。books和order是动宾关系，即order books/books are ordered,故用过去分词表示被动和完成，在此相当于原因状语从句because they were ordered…故选D。
15【答案】D
【解析】句意：只有当莉莉走进办公室的时候，她才意识到她把合同忘家里了。本题考查only位于句首，引导的时间状语从句，主句要主谓倒装。根据时态和句意可知选D。


v 第二套

1. — I'm sorry, I've broken a cup.
— Oh, ________ . It's very cheap.
A. forget it B. be careful C. that's right D. it's terrible
2. Every morning he spends________ hour doing exercise, then he goes to________ work.
A. a ;a B. an; / C. a; / D. an; the
3. "You __ have a wrong number," she said. "There's no one of that name here. "
A. need B. can C. must D. would
4. Yesterday I broke my favourite watch, and now I have to get it________.
A. repaired B. repairing C. repair D. to repair
5. My parents________ in Shandong. They were born there and have never lived anywhere, else.
A. lived B. will live C. were living D. live
6. The money will be used to help the people________ homes were lost in the earthquake.
A. what B. whose C. whom D. which
7. Currently, about 35,000 works ________ in over 300 rooms in the Louvre, and it would take a lifetime to see everything.
A. were displaying B. are displaying
C. were being displayed D. are being displayed
8. Mr. Black walked around and offered help________ we were doing an experiment.
A. while B. although C. until D. unless
9. ________ their hats into the air, the fans of the winning team shouted happily.
A. To throw B. Throwing C. Thrown D. Being thrown
10. We live in an age________ more information is available more easily than ever before.
A. why B. to whom C. when D. on which
11. --- Did you tidy your room?
--- No, I was going to tidy my room but I ______ visitors.
A. had B. have C. have had D. will have
12. --- Guess what! I have got A for my term paper.
--- Great! You ______ read widely and put a lot of work into it.
A. must B. should C. must have D. should have
13. The traditional view is ______ we sleep because our brain is “programmed” to make us do so.
A. when B. why C. whether D. that
14. At minus 130℃, a living cell can be ______ for a thousand years.
A. spared B. protected C. preserved D. developed
1. A【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——对不起，我打碎了一个杯子。——没关系。杯子不值钱。A. forget it 没关系；别介意；B. be careful 小心；C. that's right 不错；就是这样；D. it's terrible 太可怕了。根据句意，对方说了对不起，表达歉意，回答用forget it，让对方不要把事放在心上，故选A。
2. B【详解】考查冠词。句意：他每天早上花一小时锻炼身体，然后去上班。根据句意，第一个空表示数量“一”，此处表示“一个小时”，应用不定冠词，且hour以元音音素开头，所以用an，第二个空用固定搭配go to work“去工作”，所以work前用零冠词，故选B。
3. C【详解】考查情态动词。句意：“你一定打错了电话号码，”她说。“这里没有那个名字。”从“There's no one of that name here.”可知“你一定弄错号码了”。此处表示“肯定的推测”，故用must。A.need需要；B.can可能；C.must一定；D.would会。can常表示一种 “理论上的”可能性，need显然不正确，would一般不表推测。故选C。
4. A【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：昨天我把我最喜欢的手表弄坏了，现在我不得不去修理它。分析句子结构可知，此处用到get+宾语+宾语补足语，且宾语it也就是“手表”和repair“修理”之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作宾补，故选A。
5. D【详解】考查时态。句意：我的父母住在山东。他们出生在那里，从未在其他地方生活过。此空是句子谓语动词，根据句意，可知此处表示经常性的动作，也是现在的客观事实，应该用一般现在时态，
主语是复数，所以用live，故选D。
6. B【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这笔钱将用于帮助那些在地震中失去家园的人们。分析句子结构可知，空处需用关系词引导定语从句，先行词是people，指人，关系词在定语从句中作定语修饰名词homes，意为“……的”，所以空处需用关系代词whose引导定语从句。故选B。
7. D【详解】考查时态和语态。目前，大约有35000件作品陈列在卢浮宫的300多个展室里，要看完所有的展品恐怕要花一辈子的时间。根据上文“Currently(目前)”可知，应该用现在进行时；display与主语works之间为被动关系，所以用现在进行时的被动。故选D。
8. A【详解】考查从属连词。句意：当我们做实验时，布莱克先生四处走动并提供帮助。A. while当……时；B. although虽然；C. until直到；D. unless如果不，除非。根据主句“Mr. Black walked around and offered help（布莱克先生四处走动并提供帮助）”和从句“we were doing an experiment（我们正在做实验）”可知，此处使用连词while“当……时”引导时间状语从句。故选A。
9. B【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：获胜队的球迷们把帽子抛向空中，高声欢呼。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词shouted，且空处没有连词，所以空处需用非谓语动词作状语，动词throw与主句主语the fans之间是主动关系，所以空处需用现在分词作状语。故选B。
10. C【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们生活在一个比以往任何时候都更容易获得更多信息的时代。分析句子结构和句意可知，此空引导定语从句，先行词是age，表示时间，从句结构完整，先行词在从句中作时间状语，所以此从句用关系副词when引导；也可用介词加关系代词引导，根据常用搭配in an age，
可知介词选择in，age指物，关系代词用which，可用in which引导，结合选项，故选C。
11答案：A
解析：根据所提供的情景“I was going to tidy my room”可判断出要用一般过去时，表示过去所发生的事。一般现在时表示经常性的动作或存在的状态。现在完成时表示已经完成动作或从过去某个时候开始一直延续到现在的动作。过去完成时表示一个动作或状态在过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成或结束，即“过去的过去”；都与所提供的情境矛盾。
12答案：C
解析：“must have + 动词+ed形式”表示“一定做了某事”。根据所提供的情景“Guess what! I have got A for my team paper.”可判断出一定进行了广泛阅读并做了大量工作。must意为“一定，必须”，后接动词原形表示“一定或必须做某事”。should意为“应该”，后接动词原形表示“应该做某事”。都是对对方的要求。“should have + 动词+ed形式”表示“本来应该做某事，而没有做”，常用于表示责备。
13答案：D
解析：that引导表语从句，在从句中只起连接作用，不作任何成分。“...we sleep because our brain is” programmed “to make us to so”是一个完整的句子，所以要用that引导。when和where在表语从句中作状语，分别表示“在……的时候”和“在……地方”。whether意为“是否”。
14答案：C
解析：preserve 意为“保持,保存”，根据所提供的情景at minus 130℃可判断出表示“至少在零下130℃，活体细胞才能被保存1000年。spare意为“节约,节省，分让,提供”；protect意为“保护”；develop意为“发展,发达,发扬,进步”。
15. As a new diplomat. he often thinks of ______ he can react more appropriately on such occasions.
A. what B. which C. that D. how
15.【答案】Ｄ
【解析】主要测试连词。此题同上面的第３７题，解题关键：主要考虑句子中缺少什么成分。译文：作为一名新的外交官，他经常考虑对这种情况如何做出更加适合的反映。句子中缺少的应该是状语，而且四个答案充当的句子成分也各不相同，故此选how最佳。

v 第三套

1. –Wow! You’ve got so many clothes.
--But _____ of them are in fashion now.
A. all B. both C. neither D. none
2. It ______ have been Tom that parked the car here, as he is the only one with a car.
A. may B. can C. must D. should
3. —Tom, you look very excited today.
—Yes. I ________ the warm sunlight and delicious food in Hainan at this time tomorrow.
A. will enjoy B. will be enjoying C. am enjoying D. have enjoyed
4. Sally’s never seen a play in the Shanghai Grand Theatre, ______?
A. hasn’t she B. has she C. isn’t she D. is she
5. Through this activity, many students now understand what great difficulty their parents have had ________ them up.
A. raise B. raising C. raised D. to raise
6. Mary went to the box office at lunch time, but all the tickets ______ out.
A. would sell B. had sold C. have sold D. was selling
7. Their use was limited by laws, the first of ________ dates back to the fourteenth century.
A. where B. which C. that D. when
8. They painted their faces white, imitating their masters and ________them.
A. taking part in B. making fun of
C. having an effect on D. giving their lives to
9. As a new online language, emojis have been helping people express their views in a more________way.
A. vivid B. obvious C. curious D. shallow
10. The Great Wall is _______ tourist attraction that millions of people pour in every year.
A. so a well-known B. a so well-known C. such well-known a D. such a well-known
11. A small plane crashed into a hillside five miles east of the city, _____ all four people on board.
A. killed B. killing C. kills D. to kill
12. You can’t borrow books from the school library _______ you get your student card.
A. before B. if C. while D. as
13. With the government’s aid, those ______ by the earthquake have moved to the new settlements.
A. affect B. affecting C. affected D. were affected
14. Mozart’s birthplace and the house ______ he composed “The Magic Flute” are both museums now.
A. where B. when C. there D. which
15. Bill suggested ______ a meeting on what to do for the Shanghai Expo during the vacation.
A. having held B. to hold C. holding D. hold

1【答案】D
【解析】主要测试代词的代替。做这一类试题的关键：注意上下文中的暗示。译文：------哇！你买了这么多衣服啊。----但是没有一件是现在流行的。从译文可知代替的应该是上文的‘这么多衣服’，再结合所给答案可知选择D.
2【答案】C
【解析】主要测试情态动词的用法，另外还兼顾测试虚拟语气。译文：一定是汤姆把车顶在这儿了，因为他是唯一有车的人。从译文可知句子中：as he is the only one with a car.其关键性作用。另外结合语境可知属于语气非常坚定的推测。故此选择C.
3【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：——汤姆，你今天看起来很兴奋啊。——是的。明天的这个时候我将正在海南享受着温暖的阳光和美味的食物。根据句子结构和意思可知，句子的时间状语是at this time tomorrow，表示“明天的这个时候”，所以谓语动词要用将来进行时。故选B。
4【答案】B
【解析】主要测试反意疑问句。由语境可知译文：萨利从来没在上海大剧院看过戏，对吗？从译文可知：sally's never seen 应该是has never seen 的缩写，故此选择has he 。
5【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：通过这次活动，许多学生现在明白了他们的父母养育他们有多么大的困难。固定搭配：have difficulty (in) doing sth.“在做某事上有困难”，省略介词in时，现在分词作伴随状语。故选B。
6【答案】B
【解析】主要测试动词的时态。由语境可知译文：玛丽午饭时去了票房，但是票已经售完。由译文可知句子中两个动作‘去票房和票售完’存在先后之分：先售完，后去票房，故此选择的时态动作应该在：went 之前发生。
7【答案】B
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：他们的使用被法律限制了，最早的可以追溯到14世纪。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查非限制性定语从句。先行词是整个主句的内容“Their use was limited by laws”，在从句中做介词“of”的宾语，所以连词用关系代词which。故选B。
8【答案】B
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们把脸涂成白色，模仿他们的主人并且戏弄他们。A.take part in 参
与(某事)；参加(某活动）；B.make fun of 取笑，戏弄；C.have an effect on 对…有影响，对…起作用，产生效果；D.give life to 赋予……生命。根据句子结构和意思可知，他们把脸涂成白色就有搞笑的意味，所以是为了戏弄人才把脸涂成白色的。故选B。
9【答案】A
【解析】考查形容词。句意：作为新的网络语言，表情符号一直在帮助人们用更加生动丰富的方式表达他们的观点。A. vivid生动的，（人的想像）丰富的；B.obvious明显的；C.curious求知欲强的；D.shallow浅的，肤浅的。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里需要形容词作定语，修饰后面的名词way，表情符号可以使表达更生动，丰富。故选A。
10【答案】D
【解析】主要测试名词前的修饰语。译文：长城是如此注明的旅游景点以至于每年数以百万计的人去参观。再结合句子语境可知选择so 或such…that …结构，关键在于寻找中心词，该句子的中心词为attraction属于可数名词，故此选择such。
11【答案】B
【解析】主要测试分词短语作状语。由语境可知译文：一家小飞机撞到了城市东部五英里处一座小山边，结果飞机上四人全部遇难。从译文可知属于顺其自然的结果，故此选择现在分词killing。另外还应该注意答案：D ，to kill通常表示出乎意料的结果。例如：He hurried to the railway station to find the train has gone 。他匆忙赶到火车站，结果发现火车已经走了。（出乎意料）
12【答案】A
【解析】主要测试连词。由所给答案可知测试的连接词。解此类试题的关键：主要区分四个连词的汉语意思。译文：你不能从学校图书馆借书，除非你有学生证。实际上可以翻译为：before的基本意思‘在…之前’，亦即在你有学生证之前，你不能从学校图书馆借书。
13【答案】C
解析】主要测试分词短语作定语。由语境可知译文：在政府的帮助下，那些受地震影响的人们已经搬进新的住宅。分析句子结构可知，句子主干为：those have moved to the settlements。其余的均做定语，其中those 和动词affect之间应该属于被动关系，故此选择affected。例如：Those invited to join the party have already arrived 。那些被邀请参加宴会的人已经到达。
14【答案】A
【解析】主要测试定语从句。由题干可知译文：莫扎特的出生地以及他谱写‘魔笛’曲的房子现在成了两所博物馆。还是先找句子的主干：出生地和房子成了博物馆。其余的均是附加结构：定语、状语等。结合语境可知：he composed “The Magic Flute” 是用来修饰the house的，也就是the house 的定语，再结合所给答案可知选择where最佳。例如：The city where he was born has turned into a modern big town。它的出生地已经成了大都市。
15【答案】C
【解析】主要测试动词的固定搭配。由语境可知译文：比尔提议举行个假期期间为上海世博会做些什么的会议。可以说此类试题主要测试平时的记忆：动词suggest + v-ing ，故此答案一目了然。

v 第四套

1. Leaves are found on all kinds of trees, but they differ greatly ________ size and shape.
A. on B. form C. by D. in
2. The mayor has offered a reward of $ 5000 to ______ who can capture the tiger alive or dead.
A. both B. others C. anyone D. another
3. Alan is a careful driver, but he drives ______ of my friends.
A. more carefully B. the most carefully C. less carefully D. the least carefully
4. My morning ______ includes jogging in the park and reading newspapers over breakfast.
A. drill B. action C. regulation D. routine
5. John was dismissed last week because of his ______ attitude towards his job.
A. informal B. casual C. determined D. earnest
6. With the help of high technology, more and more new substances ______ in the past years.
A. discovered B. have discovered
C. had been discovered D. have been discovered
7. --- How was the televised debate last night?
--- Super! Rarely ______ so much media attention.
A. a debate attracted B. did a debate attract
C. a debate did attract D. attracted a debate
8. The little boy came riding full speed down the motorway on his bicycle. ______ it was!
A. What a dangerous scene B. What dangerous a scene
C. How a dangerous scene D. How dangerous the scene
9. Pop music is such an important part of society ______ it has even influenced our language.
A. as B. that C. which D. where
10. After a knock at the door, the child heard his mother’s voice ______ him.
A. calling B. called C. being called D. to call
11. There is nothing more I can try ______ you to stay, so I wish you good luck.
A. being persuaded B. persuading C. to be persuaded D. to persuade
12. The Town Hall ______ in the 1800’s was the most distinguished building at that time.
A. to be completed B. having been completed
C. completed D. being completed
13. His movie won several awards at the film festival, ______ was beyond his wildest dream.
A. which B. that C. where D. it
14. Small sailboats can easily turn over in the water ______ they are not managed carefully.
A. though B. before C. until D. if
15. ______ he referred to in his article was unknown to the general reader.
A. That B. What C. Whether D. Where
1答案：D
解析：by size and shape意为“按大小和形状”。表示“每棵树上都有树叶，但它们的大小和形状都不同”。

2答案：C
解析：anyone用于肯定句意为“任何一个人”，表示“把奖金给任何一个能抓住活老虎或打死老虎的人”。故选C项。another指不确定数目中的“另一个”；both意为“两者都”；the others是“其余的人(物)”。

3解析：副词的最高级用于三者或三者以上的比较，意为“最……”。常与介词of或in短语连用，表示“……中最……”。根据所提供的情景of my fiends可判断出要用最高级，表示“但他在我们的朋友中开车最不仔细”。副词的比较级表示两者间的比较。所以是错误的。the most carefully意为“最仔细”与连词but矛盾。所以是错误的。
4答案：D
解析：routine意为“常规,日常事务”，表示“我早上要做的事包括在公园慢走和吃早餐时读报”。drill意为“操练,(反复)练习”；action意为“行动,举动,行为”；regulation意为“规则,规章,调节,校准”。
5答案：B
解析：casual意为“漫不经心的”。根据所提供的情景“John was dismissed”可判断出由于他的漫不经心的工作态度而被开除。informal意为“不正式的,不拘礼节的”；determined意为“坚决的,决定了的”；earnest意为“认真的,热心的,重要的”。
6答案：D
解析：现在完成时表示已经完成动作或从过去某个时候开始一直延续到现在的动作。根据时间状语in the past years可确定用现在完成时。又因为substances是discover的动作的被执行者，所以要用被动语态。
表示“近几年来，越来越多的物质被发现”。过去完成时表示一个动作或状态在过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成或结束，即“过去的过去”；不与in the past years连用。选项A和B都不是被动语态，所以是错误的。
7答案：B
解析：rarely意为“极少有地”，是否定词。以否定词开头的句子要进行倒装，即把助动词放在主语前。
8答案：A
解析：感叹句通常有what,how引导，表示赞美、惊叹、喜 悦、等感情。what后接名词，how后接形容词或副词构成感叹句。 scene是名词，所以What a dangerous scene it was!是正确的形式。
9答案：B
解析：“such a (an)+形容词＋单数可数名词”意为“那么样……，以至于……”，表示“流行歌曲是社会中那么重要的部分，以至于它已经影响了我们的语言”。such...as和such...that句型不同，前者as引导的从句是定语从句，而后者that引导的从句是状语从句。
10答案：A
解析：hear sth. doing sth.意为“听见某物做某事”。动词+ing形式作宾语补足语表示宾语和宾语补足语是主动关系。 the child heard his mother’s voice calling him表示“孩子听见他妈妈喊他”。hear sth.done表示“听见某事被做了”。动词+ed形式作宾语补足语表示其宾语和宾语补足语是被动关系。

11.答案：D
解析：不定式作目的状语，表示做某事的目的。I can try是定语从句，作nothing more的定语，表示“再没有什么可试”。故选D项。to be persuaded是不定式的被动式，表示被动。being persuaded是动词+ing形式的被动式。动词+ing形式作状语表示主动和伴随情况。选项A、B、C均与句意不符。
12.答案：C
解析：动词+ed形式作定语表示被动和已经完成的动作。根据时间状语in the 1800’s可判断出要用动词+ed形式作定语，表示“19世纪完成的市政厅”。故选C项。不定式的被动式作定语表示将被做的事。动词+ing形式作定语表示正在被做的事。
13.答案：A
解析：which引导非限制性定语从句，并在从句中作主语。在非限制性定语从句中，只能用which引导而不能用that引导。where引导定语从句时，指代表示地点的名词，在从句中状语。it不能用于引导定语从句，所以是错误的。
14.答案：D
解析：if引导条件状语从句，意为“如果”。根据两句话的意思可判断出它们是因果关系，表示“小航海船不仔细管理的话，很容易引起火灾”。though引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然”；before意为“在……之前”；until意为“直到……为止”。
15.答案：B
解析：what引导主语从句，并在从句中作referred to的宾语。that引导主语从句时，在从句中只起连接作用，不作任何成分。whether意为“是否”。where意为“在……地方”。

v 第五套
1. Four Chinese models were ______ the 14 people awarded prizes on Friday at the World Supermodel Competition.
A. among B. between C. along D. beside
2. Since Tom ______ downloaded a virus into his computer, he can not open the file now.
A. readily B. horribly C. accidentally D. irregularly
3．When _______ what is the most efficient way to protect oneself from COVID-19, the expert says no doubt it is wearing a mask.
A．asking B．asked C．to ask D．having asked
4．There is not much difference between the two, I really don't know _____.
A．which should I choose B．what I should choose
C．which I should choose D．what should I choose
5．It was not until I got home _______ I found that I had left my keys in the office.
A．before B．when C．then D．that
6．________ English newspaper is one of the best ways to learn English new words.
A．To reading B．Reading C．Reads D．Read
7．Mr. Smith is a pleasant person who is easy ______.
A．to get along with B．to get along C．to be gotten along D．get along with
8．I found most of my classmates friendly and _____________.
A．help B．helped C．helpful D．helpfully
9. During the period of recent terrorist activities, people _______ not to touch any unattended bag.
A. had always been warned B. were always being warned
C. are always warning D. always warned
10. It is not immediately clear _______ the financial crisis will soon be over.
A. since B. what C. when D. whether
11. Hearing the dog barking fiercely, away ______.
A. fleeing the thief B. was fleeing the thief C. the thief was fleeing D. fled the thief
12. David threatened ______ his neighbor to the police if the damages were not paid.
A. to be reported B. reporting C. to report D. having reported
13．I _____ to Huizhou when I suddenly found that I was on the wrong road.
A．drove B．have driven C．was driving D．would drive
14．The winter of the speech contest was a _________girl called Jenny from America.
A．18—years—old B．18—year—old C．18—year—olds D．18 year old
15．____number of people invited is 50, but ___number of them were absent for different reasons.
A．A; the B．The; a C．A; a D．The; the
1【答案】A
【解析】主要测试介词，实际上测试名词的整体和部分的关系。译文：礼拜五世界超模大赛中十四名获奖模特中有四名是中国选手。有译文可知：四名中国选手和十四名获奖模特的关系应该属于：部分和整体的关系。
2.答案：C
解析：accidentally意为“偶然地,意外地”。根据“...downloaded a virus into his computer”可判断出要用accidentally”，因为下载病毒是偶然事件。readily意为“乐意地,欣然,容易地”;horribly意为“可怕地,非常地”;irregularly意为“不规则地”。
3.答案：B
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当被问及防护COVID-19最有效的方式是什么时，专家表示，毫无疑问是戴口罩。分析题意，从句部分无主语，故ask需用非谓语动词。在时间状语从句中，若前后分句的主语一致，则可以省略从句的主语。故ask的主语为 the expert ，此处两者之间表示被动关系。所以此处需用过去分词表示被动作状语。综上，故选B项。
4.答案：．C
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：这两者之间没有太大不同，我真的不是知道我应该选择哪一个。分析可知，设空处为宾语从句，从句应用陈述句语序，故排除AD；结合上文的“There is not much difference between the two”可知，此处有选择范围，表示“哪一个”应用which引导。故选C。
5.答案：．D
【详解】考查not until的强调句型。句意：直到我回到家，我才发现我把钥匙忘在办公室了。not until的强调句型结构为： It is/was not until + 被强调部分（状语）+ that + 其它，其基本特点为删除It is/was及that，其余部分可以重新写成句子。本句去掉It is/was及that重写的句子为：I didn't find that I had left my keys in the office until I got home.结合选项可知，选项C符合题意。故选C。
6.答案：．B
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：读英语报纸是学习英语新单词的最好方法之一。分析句子可知，此句缺少主语，应用“read”的动名词形式作主语。故选B项。
7.答案：．A
【详解】考查动词不定式主动表被动。句意：史密斯先生是一个很好相处的人。get along with sb.是一个固定短语，意为：与某人相处，在“be easy to do”结构中，to do用主动式表示被动含义，原短语中的介词with不能省掉。故选A。
8.答案：．C
【详解】考查形容词。句意：我发现大多数的同学都很友好并且乐于助人。A. help帮助（动词原形）；B.helped帮助（动词过去式）；C. helpful有帮助的（形容词），乐于助人的；D.helpfully乐于助人地（副词）。句中and表示并列，前后搭配的词性必须一致。根据句意及句子结构可知，设空处应填入形容词做宾补。故选C项。
9【答案】B
【解析】主要测试动词的时态，同时兼顾测试固定结构。译文：最近恐怖活动猖獗时期，总是警告人们不要去触摸任何没有人看守的包。由平时的学习可知固定结构：warn sb not to do sth ，所以首先选择被动语态，因此排除C和D；再结合所给答案，最佳选项为B，因为A中的：过去完成时的被动式通常应该有动作的对比性，而题干中只有一个主要动词：warn，故此不属于最佳。
10【答案】D
【解析】主要测试连词。此题同上面的第32题，解题的关键：连词的汉语意思区别。从语境可知译文：金融危机是否会很快结束会不是太明显。以后再遇到此类试题，解决的方法如下：直接考虑所给答案的汉语意思，不必外延。例如：—The experiment is of particular importance.—I see. We will carry on with it ________ we can get enough money.A. unless B. though C. whether D. Until 由题干可知试题的四个答案均为连词，而且意思各不相同，故此区别汉语意思。译文：----这个实验分厂重要。------依我看。我们是否有足够的钱来进行实验。
11【答案】D
【解析】主要测试倒装。由语境可知译文：听到剧烈的狗吠声，小偷飞速跑掉。平时学习倒装时有一类：由于修辞的需要，在以副词away、ahead、down、up、in、out等情景生动描写的方位词用于句子的开头的，主语是名词时，主谓常用倒装语序，为了强调状语（主语是代词时，不用倒装）。例如：Down came the hammer and out flew the sparks。铁锤一落，火星四射。 Up and up went the prices.物价不断上升。
12【答案】C
【解析】主要测试动词的固定搭配。测试方向同上面的第35题，解题策略：硬性记忆。平时的学习中应该记住：threaten to do sth 属于固定结构，因此先排除B和D；另外答案中的动词report和句子中的主语David应该属于主动关系，因此最佳为to report。译文：如果损失不得到赔偿，戴维威胁说会把邻居上告警方。例如：Every time they quarrel ，Jan threatens to leave。他们每次吵架时，简都威胁说要离开。
13【答案】．C
【详解】考查谓语动词时态。句意：我正开车去往徽州，突然我发现走错路了。分析句子结构可知，本空在句中做谓语动词，句子后面有when从句，再根据句意，本句应用了固定结构：be doing...when...，意为“正在做......这时（突然）......”，事情发生在过去，所以主句用过去进行时态。故选C。
14【答案】．B
【详解】考查形容词。句意：演讲比赛的获胜者是一个18岁的来自美国的女孩，名叫珍妮。由连字符连接的形容词，名词用单数，故A项错误；形容词old无需加复数，故C项错误；D项中的year由18修饰，用复数，故选B。
15【答案】．B
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：受邀的人数是50人，但其中许多人因为不同的原因而缺席。the number of……的数量，a number of许多、若干，根据第一空后的数字50可知第一空指人数；根据第二空后的“were absent”可知第二空指很多人，故选B。