15. 阅读理解单选题专练 -版上海名校高中自主招生英语黄金宝典

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第15讲： 阅读理解单选题专项训练



记叙文、说明文、应用文、议论文

As we all know, children are fast learners when learning a second language. However, adults can study a second language as fast as children, a new study reports. Adults can develop the increased neural (神经的) connections with language study that can avoid dementia (痴呆) by four years, as well as make traveling a lot easier.
In an examination of Spanish second-language learners, the researchers found that after simplest training, the brain activity between sentences that relied on grammatical features unique to each language was similar to that of native speakers. “I think it is the reason why people think university foreign language teaching is good. It shows that, even with limited time in the college classroom, learning can happen quite quickly and well,” said professor Alison Gabriele, the co-author of the paper.
Beyond that, it gives parents more reasons to study a second language as part of a family effort. Further research has shown that learning a language as a family effort improves everyone’s abilities and gives opportunities for learning something that are mostly absent from classroom settings. National Geographic reports in an interview with Christine Jernigan, author of Family Language Learning: Learn Another Language, Raise Bilingual Children, that as for immersion (沉浸) in language study, practicing a second language with people is the most important part, and who talks to each other more than a family? Language learners need to be brave. Besides, they should ready themselves for making mistakes and receive others’ advice.
Most people will be far more comfortable making mistakes around family members than in a classroom setting. Furthermore, any home activity, whether that’s gardening, playing in the yard, watching movies, going shopping, cleaning, or cooking a meal, becomes an opportunity for language learning. Jernigan suggests preparing vocabulary before an activity and using it as short homework. Jernigan suggests using subtitles (字幕) too, so you can see which words are being used.
1．What does the new study in paragraph 1 find?
A．Kids often travel a lot ion their own.
B．Adults have learnt a second language better than kids.
C．Adults can study a second language as quickly as kids.
D．Kids are likely to develop the increased neural connections.
2．What does Alison Gabriele think of learning a language in the college classroom?
A．It is successful. B．It is challenging.
C．It is disappointing. D．It is boring.
3．What is the advantage of learning a language as a family effort?
A．Helping kids form good learning habits.
B．Making parents control kids easily.
C．Keeping kids focusing on the classroom.
D．Having more chances to learn in other situations.
4．What should language learners do according to the text?
A．Be brave to take more risks.
B．Fit in with new learning environment.
C．Be willing to accept other’s comments.
D．Spend much time doing home activities.

【答案】1．C    2．A    3．D    4．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了成年人学习第二语言的速度可以和儿童一样快以及学习第二语言的一些方法。
1．细节理解题。根据首段前两句“As we all know, children are fast learners when learning a second language. However, adults can study a second language as fast as children, a new study reports. (我们都知道，在学习第二语言时，孩子是快速的学习者。然而，一项新的研究报告称，成年人学习第二语言的速度可以和儿童一样快。)”可知，成年人学习第二语言的速度可以和儿童一样快。故选C。
2．推理判断题。根据第二段““I think it is the reason why people think university foreign language teaching is good. It shows that, even with limited time in the college classroom, learning can happen quite quickly and well,” said professor Alison Gabriele, the co-author of the paper. (“我认为这就是为什么人们认为大学外语教学好的原因。这表明，即使在大学课堂上的时间有限，学习也可以非常快速和良好，”论文的合著者艾莉森·加布里埃教授说。)”可知，艾莉森·加布里埃认为在大学教室里学习一门语言是成功的。故选A。
3．细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“Further research has shown that learning a language as a family effort improves everyone’s abilities and gives opportunities for learning something that are mostly absent from classroom settings. (进一步的研究表明，作为一种家庭努力学习一门语言可以提高每个人的能力，并有机会学习一些在课堂上几乎没有的东西。)”可知，全家人一起努力学习一门语言的好处是可以有机会学习课堂背景下学不到的东西，即：有更多在其他情况下学习的机会。故选D。
4．细节理解题。根据第三段末句“Besides, they should ready themselves for making mistakes and receive others’ advice. (此外，他们应该为犯错误做好准备，接受别人的建议。)”可知，语言学习者要乐于接受他人的意见。故选C。

When I was young, I had no idea what I wanted to do. The choices were thin. It was assumed (假定的) that I’d go to college, and after, that I could be a mom. I could, be a secretary. I could be a nurse or a teacher. If anyone asked, I said I wanted to be a writer. Even I knew that wasn’t a real job. Mostly, I didn’t think about it.
But just as I was coming of age, a world of possibility opened up. By the time I graduated from college with a science degree, I still didn’t know what I wanted to do. And one day, after seeing a notice in the paper, I remembered there was something I’d wanted to do, once. It sounded fun, so I took the test to be a mail carrier. The new Postal Service was by law an inclusive group. If you got a good enough score, you were in.
It was an older woman conducting (执行) my fitness entry exam who was the first to disagree. This wasn’t a job for a girl, she said. And I shouldn’t take a man’s job away from him. He has a family to support. Despite that poor assumed man’s family, I became one of perhaps a dozen female carriers in the whole city of Portland, Oregon.
On the street, I was a novelty (新奇的人). I didn’t go a single day without hearing some friendly words: Well, I guess we can’t call you the mailman, can we? We’ll have to call you the mail-woman! Those particular words somehow appeared naturally in thousands of minds at once. My existence received attention. It’s hard to imagine now.
Thirty-two years later I retired into a very different world. Being a retired mail carrier is even more fun than being a mail carrier. And finally, I get to be a writer. It’s still not really a job.
5．What can we know about the author when she was young?
A．She had no plan for her future.
B．She studied hard to be a writer.
C．She never wanted to go to college.
D．She knew little about what a real job was.
6．Why did the author want to be a mail carrier?
A．She could do nothing else after her graduation.
B．She thought it interesting to be a mail carrier.
C．She got a high score in the test to be a mail carrier.
D．She was bored with studying for a science degree.
7．What was the older woman’s attitude to the author’s decision?
A．Supportive. B．Careless. C．Unclear. D．Negative.
8．What was the author’s purpose in writing this text?
A．To stress the importance of a career plan.
B．To share the story of her career options.
C．To show the fun of being a mail carrier.
D．To express her regret about her job choice.

【答案】5．A    6．B    7．D    8．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了她是如何选择成为一位邮递员的以及当时人们女邮递员的态度。
5．细节理解题。根据第一段的第一句话“When I was young, I had no idea what I wanted to do.(当我年轻的时候，我不知道我想做什么)”可知，年轻的时候，作者对自己的未来没有计划。故选A项。
6．细节理解题。根据第二段的句子“It sounded fun, so I took the test to be a mail carrier.(听起来很有趣，所以我参加了考试，想成为一名邮递员)”可知，作者想当邮递员是因为她认为这很有趣。故选B项。
7．推理判断题。根据第三段的句子“It was an older woman conducting (执行) my fitness entry exam who was the first to disagree. This wasn’t a job for a girl, she said. And I shouldn’t take a man’s job away from him. He has a family to support.(第一个反对我的是一位上了年纪的妇女，她负责我的入职体能考试。她说，这不是女孩该做的工作。我不应该抢走男人的工作。他要养家糊口)”推知，那位年长的女士对作者的决定持否定的态度。故选D项。
8．推理判断题。通过这篇文章，作者讲述了自己年幼时对写作感兴趣，大学却选择了理科，毕业后她选择成为一位邮递员，然而退休后选择成为一个作家。由此推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是为了分享她的职业选择。故选B项。

An important lesson in the moral (道德的) education of children could be as close as the book in their hands. Stories matter. And they can play a role in building moral values in young audiences, according to the results of a new study.
Lindsay Hahn is the first author of the new study, which explores how media content (内容) influences children. Many studies done before have focused on wide concept (概念), but Hahn’s study looks at how moral values might influence the kids’ values. Do children reading particular moral, characteristics take in those qualities and build their own morality? The findings suggest so.
“Parents, caregivers, and teachers are often wondering how media can be used for good,” says Hahn. “How can it be used for good things? How can it discourage bad habits? How can it educate?” Answering those questions begins with a better understanding of how to use media. “When parents are considering what media they might want to select for their children, they can deliberate what particular moral value is being stressed by the main character, and how the main character is treated because of those actions,” she says.
For the study, Hahn and her workmates took the main character from a young adult novel. They wrote the content to reflect the study’s focus on moral values. Those stories were shared with about 200 participants (参与者) between the ages of 10 and 14. This is a favorable range for media research because it’s more difficult to introduce the understanding of stories to younger kids, while challenging to hold the attention of older teenagers, who become bored with basic storylines, according to Hahn.
9．What is the result of the new study?
A．Stories should be spread more by media.
B．Children like reading books full of funny stories.
C．Children have learned an important lesson from stories.
D．Stories help children to develop their own moral values.
10．What does Hahn’s study focus on?
A．How children deal with media content.
B．How children are exposed to modern society.
C．How media content influences children’s moral: values.
D．How children should deal with the moral values in stories.
11．What does the underlined word “deliberate” mean in paragraph 3?
A．Describe. B．Improve. C．Title. D．Consider.
12．Which is the best title for the text?
A．The Young Can Build Good Moral Values Easily
B．It Is Difficult for the Young to Understand Moral Values
C．Stories Play an Important Role in the Young’s Moral Values
D．Scientists Find More Ways to Help the Young Build Moral Values

【答案】9．D    10．C    11．D    12．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是根据一项新的研究结果，故事可以在年轻听众的道德价值观建设中发挥作用。
9．细节理解题。根据第一段的“An important lesson in the moral (道德的) education of children could be as close as the book in their hands. Stories matter. And they can play a role in building moral values in young audiences, according to the results of a new study.(对孩子进行道德教育的重要一课就像他们手中的书一样近在咫尺。故事很重要。根据一项新的研究结果，它们可以在年轻听众的道德价值观建设中发挥作用。)”可知，这项新研究的结果是故事帮助孩子们发展自己的道德观。故选D。
10．细节理解题。根据第二段的“Lindsay Hahn is the first author of the new study, which explores how media content  influences children. Many studies done before have focused on wide concept, but Hahn’s study looks at how moral values might influence the kids’ values.(Lindsay Hahn是这项新研究的第一作者，该研究探索了媒体内容如何影响儿童。以前做过的许多研究都专注于广泛的概念，但Hahn的研究着眼于道德价值观如何影响孩子的价值观。)”可知，Hahn的研究重点是媒体内容如何影响儿童的道德价值观。故选C。
11．词句猜测题。根据第三段的“When parents are considering what media they might want to select for their children(当父母考虑为孩子选择什么样的媒体时)”和“what particular moral value is being stressed by the main character, and how the main character is treated because of those actions(主角强调了什么特殊的道德价值，主角因为这些行为而受到了怎样的对待)”可知，划线词所在句子的意思是“当父母考虑为孩子选择什么样的媒体时，他们可以考虑主角强调了什么特定的道德价值，以及主角因这些行为而受到怎样的对待”，因此划线词deliberate的意思是“考虑”，和consider意思相近，故选D。
12．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“An important lesson in the moral (道德的) education of children could be as close as the book in their hands. Stories matter. And they can play a role in building moral values in young audiences, according to the results of a new study.(对孩子进行道德教育的重要一课就像他们手中的书一样近在咫尺。故事很重要。根据一项新的研究结果，它们可以在年轻听众的道德价值观建设中发挥作用。)”可知，本文主要讲的是根据一项新的研究结果，故事可以在年轻听众的道德价值观建设中发挥作用，因此最好的标题是C选项“Stories Play an Important Role in the Young’s Moral Values(故事在年轻人的道德价值观中扮演着重要的角色)”。故选C。

Jason, a straight-A student from the University of Pennsylvania, uses the term “pseudo-working” to describe how many of us study. The pseudo-worker looks and feels like someone who is working bard - he or she spends a long time in the library and is not afraid to push on late into the night – but, because of a lack of focus and concentration, he or she doesn’t actually achieve much.
This phenomenon cam be seen in most colleges. For example, at Dartmouth there was a section of the main library that was open twenty-four hours a day and the students I used to see in there late at night crowded in groups, drinking coffee, were definitely pseudo-working. The roommate who looks through her chemistry notes on the couch while watching TV is pseudo-working. The guy who brings three meals, a blanket. and six-pack of Red Bull to the study zone in preparation for an all-day paper-writing marathon is also pseudo-working.
By placing themselves in distracting environments and insisting on working long hours, these students are damaging their brain’s ability to think clearly and efficiently to achieve the task at hand. In the end they get half the results with twice the effort.
The bigger problem here is that most students don’t even realize that they’re pseudo-working. To them pseudo-working is work - it’s how they’ve always done it, and it’s how all of their friends do it. Ii never crosses their mind that there might be a better way. Straight-A students. on the other hand, know all about pseudo-working. They fear it, and for good reason It not only wastes time, but it’s also mentally tiring.
In fact, the most important skill in becoming a better student is the ability to get work done quickly and with a smallest amount of wasted effort. Some cognitive science research concludes that about 50 minutes is the optimal learning period to maximize the material integrated per time unit. So how do these students achieve this goal? To understand their way to success, consider the following simple formula(公式): work achieved = time spent * intensity of focus.
Pseudo-working features a very low intensity of focus. Therefore, to achieve something by pseudo-working. You need to spend a lot of time. The straight-A approach, on the other hand, increases intensity in order to use less time.
13．Which of the following phenomenon is pseudo-working?
A．Tom is busy taking notes while attending a lecture.
B．Mike is sitting at a study lounge in preparation for a final exam quietly.
C．Jack spends a long time in the library on his essay while listening to music.
D．Alice and Sara are sitting on the couth reading their favorite books.
14．Compared with straight-A students, the major problem of most students is that they _____
A．want to spend more time on study.
B．are eager to follow their friends’ way.
C．have gotten used to their study approach.
D．are unaware of their pseudo-working.
15．What does the underlined word “optimal” mean in paragraph 5?
A．Possible.
B．Best.
C．Least.
D．Accurate.
16．Why does the author mention the formula in the text?
A．To show the benefit of working hard.
B．To prove the necessity of achieving work.
C．To emphasize the importance of concentration.
D．To explain the reason for spending much time.

【答案】13．C    14．D    15．B    16．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“伪学习”的一些表现和危害，并建议大家提高专注度，提高学习效率。
13．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“The pseudo-worker looks and feels like someone who is working bard - he or she spends a long time in the library and is not afraid to push on late into the night - but, because of a lack of focus and concentration, he or she doesn’t actually achieve much. (伪学习者看起来和感觉上都像吟游诗人——他或她花很长时间在图书馆里，而且不怕工作到深夜——但是，由于缺乏专注力，他或她实际上并没有取得多大成就。)”可知，伪学习指的是看上去好像花了很长时间学习，但并没有真正把注意力集中在学习上。C项“杰克边听音乐边在图书馆写论文写了很长时间”与“伪学习”的定义相似。故选C项。
14．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“The bigger problem here is that most students don’t even realize that they’re pseudo-working.(更大的问题是，大多数学生甚至没有意识到他们是在伪学习。)”可知，相比全A的学生，大多数学生都不知道自己在伪学习。故选D项。
15．词句猜测题。根据文章第五段“Some cognitive science research concludes that about 50 minutes is the optimal learning period to maximize the material integrated per time unit.(一些认知科学研究得出结论，大约50分钟是optimal学习时间，以最大限度地利用每一时间单位的材料。)”中的maximize“最大化”可知，对于学习来说，提高效率非常重要，为了效率的最大化，50分钟的时间应该是“最适合的”或者“最佳的”。B项“最佳的”符合文意。故选B项。
16．推理判断题。根据文章第五段“So how do these students achieve this goal? To understand their way to success, consider the following simple formula: work achieved = time spent * intensity of focus. (那么这些学生是如何实现这一目标的呢？要了解他们的成功之道，可以考虑下面这个简单的公式：完成的工作量等于花费的时间乘以专注的强度。)”和最后一段“Pseudo-working features a very low intensity of focus. Therefore, to achieve something by pseudo-working. you need to spend a lot of time. The straight-A approach. on the other hand, increases intensity in order to use less time.(伪学习的特点是聚焦强度很低。因此，通过伪学习来达到目的，你需要花很多时间。而全A学生的学习方法是增加聚焦强度以减少时间。)”可知，作者并不支持“伪学习”，作者更加支持通过减少时间增加专注度的方法，故推测作者列出公式是为了强调“专注强度”的重要性。故选C项。

Engineers and scientists at the University of Texas at Austin have developed a unique solution to help people in these areas get clean drinking water.
They developed a low-cost gel film(凝胶膜) that can pull water from the air in even the driest climate. Just one kilogram of gel can absorb up to six liters of water in a dry climate. For those living in a climate with relative humidity(潮湿), one kilogram of gel can collect up to 13 liters of water a day. As the gel is so inexpensive and easy to make, it may offer a way of providing drinking water to countries with water shortages.
Previously, researchers have harvested fresh water from fog and dew, but that only serves areas with high humidity. Other attempts at pulling water from desert air consume lots of energy and do not produce much. In fact, this gel is a big improvement from previous water harvesting technologies. The maximum water harvested has been 5.87 liters in places with relative humidity. This new gel doubles this amount, uses no energy and is simple to operate and it can be molded into a shape or size that best suits the user.
“This new work is about practical solutions that people can use to get water in the hottest, driest places on Earth,” said Guihua Yu, professor at the Cockrell School of Engineering. “This could allow millions of people without consistent access to drinking water to have simple, water generating devices(取水装置)at home that they can easily operate.”
“This is not something you need an advanced degree to use,” the paper’s lead author, Youhong “Nancy” Guo said. “It’s straightforward enough that anyone can make it at home if they have the materials.” Scientists are planning on making a thicker gel that will increase the production, making this technology a practicable solution to drought.
17．What do we know about the gel film from paragraph 2?
A．It can increase the humidity of the air.
B．It can harvest drinking water from the air.
C．It has been widely applied in desert areas.
D．It costs lots of money and energy to produce.
18．What is Guihua Yu’s attitude towards the new water-harvesting method?
A．Indifferent. B．Skeptical.
C．Disapproving. D．Hopeful.
19．What does the underlined word “straightforward” in last paragraph mean?
A．easy. B．straight. C．frank . D．cheap
20．What will scientists plan to do next?
A．Develop a thicker gel.
B．Produce the gel on a large scale.
C．Raise money for further research.
D．Teach people to make the gel at home.

【答案】17．B    18．D    19．A    20．A
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了德克萨斯大学奥斯汀分校的工程师和科学家开发了一种独特的解决方案，帮助这些地区的人们获取清洁的饮用水。
17．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“They developed a low-cost gel film(凝胶膜) that can pull water from the air in even the driest climate. Just one kilogram of gel can absorb up to six liters of water in a dry climate. As the gel is so inexpensive and easy to make, it may offer a way of providing drinking water to countries with water shortages.（他们研发了一种低成本的凝胶膜，这种凝胶膜即使在干燥的气候下也能从空气中吸水。在干燥的气候中，仅一公斤的凝胶就能吸收6升的水。因为这种凝胶价格低且易于制作，它可以为缺水国家提供饮用水。）”可知，这种凝胶膜可以从空气中获取饮用水，故选B。
18．推理判断题。根据文章第四段““This new work is about practical solutions that people can use to get water in the hottest, driest places on Earth,” said Guihua Yu, professor at the Cockrell School of Engineering. “This could allow millions of people without consistent access to drinking water to have simple, water generating devices(取水装置)at home that they can easily operate.”（科克雷尔工程学院的教授Guihua Yu说道：‘这一新发明是很实用的解决方法，地球上最热最干燥的地区的人们可以使用这个方法来获取水。这能让无法一直拥有饮用水的百万人在家就可以简单地操作这一取水装置。’）”可知，认为，Guihua Yu这一新的取水装置能满足无法获取饮用水的人的需求，故他对这一取水设备是充满希望的，故选D。
19．词义猜测题。根据文章最后一段““This is not something you need an advanced degree to use,” the paper’s lead author, Youhong “Nancy” Guo said. “It’s straightforward enough that anyone can make it at home if they have the materials.”（ Youhong “Nancy” Guo说道：‘这并不是需要你有高级学位才能使用的东西，它很简单，以至于如果有材料，任何人都能在家制作’。）”中straightforward一词的前后文的提示“This is not something you need an advanced degree to use（这并不是需要你有高级学位才能使用的东西）”“anyone can make it at home if they have the materials.（如果有材料，任何人都能在家制作）”可知，这一设备是任何人都能制作出来的，故此处的“straightforward”与A项“easy简单的”意思相近，故选A。
20．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Scientists are planning on making a thicker gel that will increase the production, making this technology a practicable solution to drought.（科学家们正计划制作一个更厚的凝胶，以提高产量，使这项技术成为解决干旱的可行方案。）”可知，科学家们接下来会计划研发一个更厚的凝胶，故选A。

For late 19th-century North Americans and Europeans, a display of tableware (餐具)could reveal much about someone’s social position, as the wealthy took great care to get different kinds of forks for everything. Before the 18th century, people of all classes usually ate with a knife and a spoon.
The fork’s path to the table was hard-won and slow. In ancient Egypt, Greece, and Rome, forks were used for slicing food into pieces or lifting meat from a pot or fire.
Following a reduction in size, the fork appeared to have entered dining areas in the courts of the Middle East and Byzantine Empire by the eighth and ninth centuries, and became common among wealthy families there by the tenth century. Early in the 11th century, it appeared in various pieces of European art. In the late 11th century, St.Peter Damian from Ostia wrote about a Byzantine princess who used forks and regarded her dying of a disease as punishment for such “luxury”.
The fork’s slow conquest of Europe was carried out from Italy. Motivated by the same concerns for hygiene(卫生)，forks were bought by wealthy Britons，inspired by Queen Victoria, who regarded fork use as a sign of good manners.
The fork’s introduction to North America dates back to 1633, when John Winthrop, a founder of the Massachusetts Bay Colony, was gifted a set of forks. The Industrial Revolution strengthened the fork’s presence on dining room tables as production of flatware became less expensive. Writing in 1896 inSocial Eriquere，Maud C．Cooke declared the fork had finally conquered the knife in America and “any attempt to give the knife importance at table is looked upon as an offense(冒犯)against good taste.”
21．What can we learn about forks from paragraph1?
A．They were used improperly in the 18th century.
B．They had many different types in the 19th century.
C．They were popular in Europe before the 18th century.
D．They led to North American’s rise in social position.
22．What was a function of forks in ancient Egypt?
A．To eat food. B．To decorate tables.
C．To cut food. D．To create works of art.
23．Who was against the use of forks?
A．St.Peter Damian. B．Thomas Coryate.
C．Queen Victoria D．Maud C．Cooke.
24．What marked the beginning of the fork’s introduction to North America?
A．The appearance of flatware
B．The start of the Industrial Revolution.
C．John Winthrop receiving forks as presents.
D．Maud C．Cooke writing Social Etiquette.

【答案】21．B    22．C    23．A    24．C
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。主要介绍了叉子的演变以及在不同时期的使用。
21．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“For late 19th-century North Americans and Europeans, a display of tableware (餐具)could reveal much about someone’s social position, as the wealthy took great care to get different kinds of forks for everything.（对于19世纪晚期的北美和欧洲来说，餐具的摆放能展示一个人的社会地位，因为有钱人非常小心地为所有的东西准备了不同种类的叉子。）”可知，在19世纪，叉子有着不同的类型，故选B。
22．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“In ancient Egypt, Greece, and Rome, forks were used for slicing food into pieces or lifting meat from a pot or fire.（在古埃及、希腊和罗马，叉子被用来将食物切片，或者从锅里和火里将肉取出。）”可知，在古埃及，叉子是用来切割食物的，故选C。
23．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“In the late 11th century, St.Peter Damian from Ostia wrote about a Byzantine princess who used forks and regarded her dying of a disease as punishment for such “luxury”.（在11世纪末，奥斯蒂亚的St.Peter Damian写了一篇关于拜占庭公主使用叉子的文章，并将她死于疾病视为这种“奢侈”的惩罚。）”可知，St.Peter Damian是反对使用叉子的，故选A。
24．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“The fork’s introduction to North America dates back to 1633, when John Winthrop, a founder of the Massachusetts Bay Colony, was gifted a set of forks.（叉子被引入到北美可以追溯到1633年，当时马萨诸塞湾殖民地的创始人John Winthrop收到了一套叉子。）”可知，John Winthrop收到叉子的礼物，标志着叉子被引入北美，故选C。

Some people think if you are happy, you are blind to reality. But when we research it, happiness actually raises every single business and educational outcome for the brain. How did we miss this? Why do we have these social misunderstandings about happiness? Because we assumed you were average. When we study people, scientists are often interested in what the average is.
Many people think happiness is genetic. That’s only half the story, because the average person does not fight their genes. When we stop studying the average and begin researching positive outliers -- people who are above average for a positive aspect like optimism or intelligence -- a wildly different picture appears. Our daily decisions and habits have a huge impact upon both our levels of happiness and success.
Scientifically, happiness is a choice. It is a choice about where your single processor brain will devote its limited resources as you process the world. If you scan for the negative first, your brain really has no resources left over to see the things you are grateful for or the meaning embedded(嵌入) in your work. But if you scan the world for the positive, you start to acquire an amazing advantage.
I wrote the cover story for the Harvard Business Review magazine on “Happiness Leads to Profits”. Based on my article called “Positive Intelligence” and my research in The Happiness Advantage, I summarized our researched conclusion: the single greatest advantage in the modern economy is a happy and busy workforce.
A decade of research in the business world proves that happiness raises nearly every business and educational outcome: increasing sales by 37%, productivity by 31%, and accuracy on tasks by 19%, as well as a number of health and quality-of-life improvements.
25．The underlined word “this” in the first paragraph refers to ________.
A．the fact that people are happy
B．the connection between happiness and educational outcome
C．the fact that people often misunderstand happiness
D．the fact that most people are average
26．What can we learn from the passage?
A．Scientists are only interested in what the average is.
B．You can choose to be happy or not.
C．The average are not happy at all.
D．Our decisions and habits have nothing to do with happiness.
27．Why does the writer mention his articles and research?
A．To advertise himself.
B．To arouse the readers’ interest.
C．To support his point about happiness.
D．To attract the readers to read his articles.
28．What is the author’s purpose of writing this article?
A．To describe the misunderstandings about happiness.
B．To show people the importance of happiness.
C．To make the point of what business and educational outcome lies in.
D．To make the point that happiness promotes business and educational outcome.

【答案】25．B    26．B    27．C    28．D
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章针对“幸福”这一主题展开论述，论述了幸福感的提升对我们日常的经济业务与教育成果有重大益处。
25．词义猜测题。this应指代上文出现的内容。由文章第一段第二句“But when we research it, happiness actually raises every single business and educational outcome for the brain.(但当我们对它进行研究时，幸福实际上会提高大脑的每一项业务和教育成果)”可知，幸福实际上会提高大脑的每一项业务和教育成果。故可推知，下文中的this指代的是上一句中幸福和教育结果之间的关系，故选B。
26．推理判断题。由第三段的“Scientifically, happiness is a choice.(科学地说，幸福是一种选择)”和“If you scan for the negative first, your brain really has no resources left over to see the things you are grateful for or the meaning embedded(嵌入) in your work. But if you scan the world for the positive, you start to acquire an amazing advantage.(如果你先看消极的一面，你的大脑真的没有余力去看你感激的事情或你工作的意义。但如果你从积极的角度审视这个世界，你就会开始获得惊人的优势)”可知，你如果心态消极，那么你就看不见你所感恩的东西，同样也看不到工作的意义。但是如果你积极的细看这个世界，你会开始获得令人意想不到的益处。通过这两种态度可以得出，幸福就是一个选择，你可以选择快乐你也可以选择悲伤，关键在于你自己，故选B。
27．推理判断题。由文章第四段第一、二句“I wrote the cover story for the Harvard Business Review magazine on “Happiness Leads to Profits”. Based on my article called “Positive Intelligence” and my research in The Happiness Advantage, I summarized our researched conclusion: the single greatest advantage in the modern economy is a happy and busy workforce.(我为《哈佛商业评论》杂志撰写了题为“幸福带来好处”的封面故事。根据我的文章《积极的智力》和我在《幸福优势》中的研究，我总结了我们的研究结论：现代经济中最大的单一优势是快乐和忙碌的劳动力)”可推知，作者提及自己写的文章和调查研究，是为了支撑中心论点——幸福感，故选C。
28．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其第一段的“But when we research it, happiness actually raises every single business and educational outcome for the brain.(但当我们对它进行研究时，幸福实际上会提高大脑的每一项业务和教育成果)可知，本文主要围绕人的幸福感展开论述，通过人们对幸福的不同理解和作者的佐证，以及利用研究调查得出一重要结论——幸福感可以促进业务和增强教育成果。由此推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是为了证明为了证明幸福能促进事业和教育成果。故选D。


Have you ever yelled at your computer because it wasn’t working? Your computer couldn’t “yell” back -until now. AI researchers are now working on computers that can argue and perhaps even win debates with humans.
IBM scientists published a paper in Nature on March 17 about their new AI system - Project Debater. It can debate with people independently in front of live audiences. After listening to arguments from its opponent (对手), the system can search around 400 million online articles in less than five minutes. It looks for ideas that can support its own argument.
Testing on the system began in 2019 when it debated with Harish Natarajan, a professional debater who holds the world record for most debate competition victories. The debate topic was whether or not preschool should be subsidized(给. . . . . 补助), and the AI system argued in favor of this idea. Although the AI lost the debate in the end based on the audience vote, the audience said it did very well. Interestingly, 58 percent of the audience said that Project Debater increased their knowledge about the topic, while only 20 percent said the same about Natarajan. Also, Project Debater has shown strength at making impressive and logical opening statements in the debate, according to Scientific American.
After competing with various human debaters, the AI system’s overall performance remains inferior(逊色 的), “fully capable of sounding awkward during an argument, ” noted Scientific American.
In other words, the back-and-forth arguments in the AI system’s debates don’t sound like a real human conversation. “On stage, Project Debater is far from perfect, and its missteps (过失) reveal just how difficult and how human argumentation and debate are, ” said computer scientist Chris Reed of the University of Dundee in the UK.
Humans and technology have been facing off for decades. In 1997, IBM’s Deep Blue became the first computer to defeat a reigning(卫冕的)chess champion, besting titan (巨人)Garry Kasparov in a six-game match. So after two decades, have IBM’s researchers just reproduced a “Deep Blue” to debate? It’s much more than that, the researchers noted. Argument and debate are fundamental(基本的)capabilities(能力) of human intelligence, and it’s a step outside of AI’s comfort zone to enter this realm(领域), according to the article in Nature.
29．How can Project Debater debate with humans?
A．By learning from humans.
B．By making use of its internal data.
C．By listening to researchers’ instructions.
D．By collecting a lot of data in a short time.
30．What did the majority of the audience think about the performance of Project Debater in the testing?
A．It made them more aware of the topic.
B．Its statements were not logical enough.
C．Its overall performance was better than Natarajan’s.
D．Its opening statements were boring.
31．What do paragraphs 4 and 5 mainly talk about?
A．The disadvantages of Project Debater.
B．Project Debater’s competitions with other human debaters.
C．The application of the A system in the future.
D．Challenges facing the AI system and human debaters.
32．What can be concluded from the last paragraph?
A．Project Debater is considered an updated version of Deep Blue.
B．Humans have an advantage over AI in debating.
C．AI has a long way to go before it can win against humans.
D．AI technology hasn’t progressed much in the last decades.

【答案】29．D    30．A    31．A    32．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人工智能研究的项目——与人类进行辩论的Project Debater。
29．细节理解题。根据第二段中“After listening to arguments from its opponent (对手), the system can search around 400 million online articles in less than five minutes. It looks for ideas that can support its own argument.”（听完对手的发言，该系统可以在五分钟内搜索4亿左右的在线文章。它寻找能够支持自己论点的观点。）可知，Project Debater通过在短时间内收集大量的数据来与人类辩论，故选D。
30．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Interestingly, 58 percent of the audience said that Project Debater increased their knowledge about the topic”（有趣的是，58%的观众说Project Debater 增加了他们对这个话题的知识）可知，观众觉得Project Debater 使他们更了解这个话题，故选A。
31．主旨大意题。根据第四段“After competing with various human debaters, the AI system's overall performance remains inferior(逊色 的), “fully capable of sounding awkward during an argument, ” noted Scientific American. (在与各种人类辩手竞争后，人工智能系统的整体表现仍然较差。《科学美国人》杂志称 “在辩论中听起来很尴尬”)”以及第五段“In other words, the back-and-forth arguments in the AI system’s debates don’t sound like a real human conversation. “On stage, Project Debater is far from perfect, and its missteps (过失) reveal just how difficult and how human argumentation and debate are, ” said computer scientist Chris Reed of the University of Dundee in the UK. (换句话说，人工智能系统中的争论听起来并不像真正的人类对话。英国邓迪大学的Chris Reed说：“Project Debater还非常不完美，它的失误显示了论证和辩论有多难，以及多么的人类化 ”)”可知，这两段主要介绍了Project Debater的不足之处。故选A。
32．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Argument and debate are fundamental(基本的)capabilities(能力) of human intelligence, and it’s a step outside of AI’s comfort zone to enter this realm(领域), according to the article in Nature.”（《自然》杂志上的这篇文章称，争论和辩论是人类智力的基本能力，进入这个领域是走出人工智能的舒适区一步。）可知，在辩论方面，人类比人工智能有优势。故选B。


When it comes to friends, I desire those who will share my happiness, who possess wings of their own and who will fly with me. I seek minds whose qualities illuminate(照亮) me and train me up for love. It is for these people that I reserve the glowing hours, too good not to share.
When I was in the eighth grade, I had a friend. We were shy and “too serious” about our studies when it was becoming fashionable with our classmates to learn acceptable social behaviors. We said little at school, but she would come to my house and we would sit down with pencils and paper, and one of us would say: “Let’s start with a train whistle today.” We would sit quietly together and write separate poems or stories that grew out of a train whistle. Then we would read them aloud. At the end of that school year, we, too, were changed into social creatures and the stories and poems stopped.
When I lived for a time in London, I had a friend.He was in despair(失望) and 1 was in despair. But our friendship was based on the idea in each of us that we would be sorry later if we did not explore this great city because we had felt bad at the time. We met every Sunday for five weeks and found many excellent things. We walked until our despairs disappeared and then we parted. We gave London to each other.
For almost four years I have had a remarkable friend whose imagination illuminates mine. We write long letters in which we often discover our strangest selves. Each of us appears, sometimes in a funny way, in the other’s dreams. She and I agree that, at certain times, we seem to be parts of the same mind.In my most interesting moments, I often think: “Yes, I must tell…’’We have never met.
It is such comforting companions I wish to keep. One bright hour with their kind is worth more to me than the lifetime services of a psychologist, who will only fill up the healing(愈合的) silence necessary to those darkest moments in which I would rather be my own best friend.
33．In Paragraph 3, “We gave London to each other” probably means _________.
A．our exploration of London was a memorable gift to both of us
B．we were unwilling to tear ourselves away from London
C．our unpleasant feeling about London disappeared
D．we parted with each other in London
34．In the darkest moments, the author would prefer to _________.
A．seek professional help
B．be left alone
C．stay with her best friend
D．break the silence
35．What is the best title for the passage?
A．Unforgettable Experiences
B．Remarkable Imagination
C．Lifelong Friendship
D．Noble Companions

【答案】33．A    34．B    35．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过这篇文章主要向我们讲述了自己在人生的几个不同阶段所遇到的几个好朋友，从而告诉我们朋友对于我们人生的重要意义。
33．词句猜测题。根据第三段“We walked until our despairs disappeared and then we parted” (我们一直走到绝望消失，然后分手)可知，作者和她的朋友当时在伦敦，都很绝望，但他们互相勉励，一起寻找美好的事物，直到他们绝望的感觉都消失了，“我们把伦敦给了对方”，显然这里表示探索伦敦是一个我们都难忘的礼物。故选A。
34．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“One bright hour with their kind is worth more to me than the lifetime services of a psychologist, who will only fill up the healing(愈合的) silence necessary to those darkest moments in which I would rather be my own best friend.”(对我来说，与他们一起度过一个光明的时刻比心理学家的终生服务更有价值，因为心理学家只会填补那些我宁愿做自己最好朋友的最黑暗时刻所需的治愈沉默。)可知，在这些时候作者宁愿独自一人。故选B。
35．主旨大意题。根据第一段“When it comes to friends, I desire those who will share my happiness, who possess wings of their own and who will fly with me. I seek minds whose qualities illuminate(照亮) me and train me up for love. It is for these people that I reserve the glowing hours, too good not to share.”(说到朋友，我渴望那些能分享我快乐的人，拥有自己的翅膀的人，和我一起飞翔的人。正是因为这些人，我保留了发光的时间，太好了，不能不分享。)可知，本文介绍作者人生道路上的几个朋友，这些朋友与她一起写诗作文，和她一起探讨人生，尽管有些素未谋面。在心情压抑的时候，她宁可独自一人，她把充满激情的时光保留着，送给最好的朋友；她寻找能照亮她的生活的朋友。因此最佳题目为：品质高贵的朋友。故选D。

I have dreamt of taking a trip to Hawaii since I graduated but the best thing always needs waiting. I took a trip with my friends to Haleakala National Park which lies in Hawaii.
When we arrived at Haleakala National Park, we were suggested to watch the early morning sunrise. I was lost in the sightseeing that afternoon so I could hardly wait to meet the sunrise. In the next morning we all jumped out of the bed very early at 3 o’clock and walked to the rocks by the seaside. In the first half an hour we imagined.
how wonderful it would be when the first light came out through the thick clouds and how soft it would be when the light touched our skin so we waited and waited. However, another half an hour later I gradually lost my patience since there was nothing but the chilly darkness and I felt that I was frozen to death. But my friends were still extremely cheerful.
Nearly another one hour later, “Amazing!” a word burst out from Judy and we all shouted to welcome the light orange greatness which is really unbelievable. Until today I dare say that it is the most impressive(印象深刻的)sunrise in my life. However, waiting in the morning darkness is also the one I cannot wipe out forever.
Waiting sometimes is really a hard thing for most of us as it needs patience and strong-willed determination but what about the result after that? It might turn out to be pleasingly unbelievable and satisfied. So, it is really worthwhile to wait for the best.
36．When did they see the first light of the sunrise?
A．About 3 o’clock.
B．About 4 o’clock.
C．Nearly 5 o’clock.
D．Nearly 6 o’clock.
37．What’s the meaning of the underlined word “chilly” in paragraph three?
A．Cold. B．Interesting.
C．Warm. D．Terrible.
38．What’s the author’s attitude towards waiting for the sunrise?
A．Excited all the time.
B．Firstly excited then impatient.
C．Afraid all the time.
D．Firstly excited then afraid.
39．What does the author want to tell us by this passage?
A．My friends and I took a trip to Hawaii.
B．I enjoyed the most flaming sunrise in my life.
C．Hawaii is a good place to enjoy the sunrise.
D．Sometimes it is worthwhile to wait for the best.

【答案】36．C    37．A    38．B    39．D
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者和朋友去夏威夷的哈雷阿卡拉国家公园看日出的经历，从而得出感悟最好的东西值得等待。
36．细节理解题。根据第二段中“In the next morning we all jumped out of the bed very early at 3 o’clock and walked to the rocks by the seaside. In the first half an hour we imagined.” （第二天早晨我们都在凌晨三点起床并且走到海边的岩石上。在最初的半小时里，我们想象着景象）可知此时已是三点半，再根据第三段中“However another half an hour later I gradually lost my patience since there was nothing but the chilly darkness and I felt that I was frozen to death.” （然而半个小时过去了我逐渐丧失了耐心因为除了寒冷的黑暗什么都没有并且我觉得我快要被冻死了）可知此时已是四点，又根据第四段中“Nearly another one hour later, “Amazing!” a word burst out from Judy and we all shouted to welcome the light orange greatness which is really unbelievable.”（又过了差不多一个小时，“太棒了！”朱迪脱口而出，我们都大声欢呼欢迎这个浅橙色的令人难以置信的伟大）可知一个小时后也就是五点，作者和他的朋友们终于迎来了日出。故选C项。
37．词义猜测题。根据第三段中“However another half an hour later I gradually lost my patience since there was nothing but the chilly darkness and I felt that I was frozen to death.”（然而半个小时过去了我逐渐丧失了耐心因为除了chilly黑暗什么都没有并且我觉得我快要被冻死了）尤其“frozen to death”可知，作者在黑夜中等待的过程是寒冷的。故选A项。
38．推理判断题。根据第二段中“I was lost in the sightseeing that afternoon so I could hardly wait to meet the sunrise.”（我沉迷于那天下午的美景所以我迫不及待想要去看日出）可知作者起初对于看日出这件事感到兴奋，再根据第三段“However another half an hour later I gradually lost my patience since there was nothing but the chilly darkness and I felt that I was frozen to death.”（然而半个小时过去了我逐渐丧失了耐心因为除了寒冷的黑暗什么都没有并且我觉得我快要被冻死了）可知等待日出时的寒冷使作者失去了耐心，由此可知作者的心理状态由最初的兴奋变得没有耐心。故选B项。
39．推理判断题。根据第五段中“ It might turn out to be pleasingly unbelievable and satisfied.So, it is really worthwhile to wait for the best.”（结果就是令人愉快的，难以置信的和满足的。对于美好的事物的等待都是值得的）可是作者想表达的观点就是：有时美好值得等待。故选D项。


Tea drinking was common in China for nearly one thousand years before anyone in Europe had ever heard about it. People in Britain were much slower in finding out what tea was like, mainly because tea was very expensive. It could not be bought in shops and even those people who could afford to have it sent from Holland did so only because it was a fashionable curiosity. Some of them were not sure how to use it. They thought it was a vegetable and tried cooking the leaves. Then they served them mixed with butter and salt. They soon discovered their mistake.
Tea remained scarce(稀少的) and very expensive in England until the ships of the East India Company began to bring it directly from China early in the 17th century.During the next few years so much tea came into the country that the price fell and many people could afford to buy it.
Tea had been drunk without milk in it at first, but one day a famous French lady named Madame de Sevigne decided to see what tea tasted like when milk was added.She found it so pleasant that she would never drink it without milk again.She was such a great lady that her friends thought they must copy everything she did.Slowly this habit spread until it reached England and today only very few Britons drink tea without milk.
At first tea was usually drunk after dinner in the evening.No one ever thought of drinking tea in the afternoon until a duchess(公爵夫人) found that a cup of tea and a piece of cake at three or four o'clock stopped her getting“a sinking feeling”as she called it.She invited her friends to have this new meal with her and so，teatime was born.
40．What can we learn about the Britons from the text?
A．They got expensive tea from India. B．They bought tea out of curiosity at first.
C．They had tea until the early 17th century. D．They were the first to drink tea in Europe.
41．When did tea become a popular drink in Britain?
A．In the 17th century. B．In the early 18th century.
C．In the late 18th century. D．In the 19th century.
42．The underlined words“this habit”in Paragraph 3 refer to drinking tea________.
A．after dinner B．in the afternoon
C．with milk in it D．without milk in it
43．What is the last paragraph mainly about?
A．The history of tea. B．The birth of teatime.
C．The ways of making tea. D．The habit of drinking tea.

【答案】40．B    41．A    42．C    43．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了英国茶叶的历史。
40．细节理解题。根据第一段“It could not be bought in shops and even those people who could afford to have it sent from Holland did so only because it was a fashionable curiosity.(它在商店里买不到，甚至那些有能力从荷兰寄来的人也买不到，只是因为这是一种时尚的好奇心)”可知，英国人刚开始买茶是出于好奇。故选B。
41．细节理解题。根据第二段“Tea remained scarce(稀少的) and very expensive in England until the ships of the East India Company began to bring it directly from China early in the 17th century.During the next few years so much tea came into the country that the price fell and many people could afford to buy it.(直到17世纪初东印度公司的船只开始从中国直接进口茶叶之前，英国的茶叶一直稀缺且价格昂贵。在接下来的几年里，大量的茶叶流入该国，导致茶叶价格下跌，许多人都买得起)”可知，在17世纪，因为大量的茶叶流入英国，人们开始能够买得起茶叶，这样茶叶就开始流行了起来。故选A。
42．词句猜测题。根据划线单词所在句子的前三句话“Tea had been drunk without milk in it at first, but one day a famous French lady named Madame de Sevigne decided to see what tea tasted like when milk was added.She found it so pleasant that she would never drink it without milk again.She was such a great lady that her friends thought they must copy everything she did.(起初，人们喝的茶里没有牛奶，但有一天，一位名叫德塞维尼夫人的法国名媛决定看看加入牛奶后茶的味道。她觉得这太令人愉快了，再也不喝没有牛奶的茶了。她是一位伟大的女士，她的朋友们认为他们必须复制她所做的一切）”可知，人们开始模仿德塞维尼夫人的习惯，在茶里加入牛奶。所以this habit指“在茶里加牛奶”。故选C。
43．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“At first tea was usually drunk after dinner in the evening.No one ever thought of drinking tea in the afternoon until a duchess(公爵夫人) found that a cup of tea and a piece of cake at three or four o'clock stopped her getting“a sinking feeling”as she called it.She invited her friends to have this new meal with her and so，teatime was born.(起初，人们通常在晚上晚饭后喝茶。没有人想过下午喝茶，直到一位公爵夫人发现，三四点钟的一杯茶和一块蛋糕阻止了她所谓的“下沉感”。她邀请她的朋友和她一起吃这顿新的饭，于是，teatime诞生了)”可知，最后一段主要介绍了“下午茶时间”是如何开始的。故选B。

Australia was always a country I wanted to visit, so I saved up some money and booked a flight to go traveling up the east coast of Australia at the end of my work in London.
The flight made me realize exactly how far away Australia is from home. I spent 10 hours traveling on a plane from London to Hong Kong, then a further 8 hours to Sydney, my first stop in Australia. The flight went quite quickly though, since there were lots of films to watch to keep me amused. It was strange when I arrived because everything was upside down over there; it was the start of winter (in May)! It also took me a while to get used to the time difference as I was always one day ahead of all my friends and family back home.
The country is truly beautiful, full of amazing views and wildlife you wouldn’t find anywhere else in the world. One of my experiences of my trip was seeing koalas closely in Brisbane—there were koalas everywhere sleeping in the trees and I even got the chance to hold one. There was also big grassland full of kangaroos that we were allowed to feed.They were really smart and very friendly.
The highlight of my trip was snorkeling in the Great Barrier Reef, as the water was amazingly clear with a beautiful shade of blue. I also got the chance to see some special creatures underwater, such as sea turtles and even a shark.
Australia is an amazing country and worth visiting one day if you ever get the chance.
44．What did the author think of the journey on the plane?
A．Time-wasting. B．Disappointing. C．Dangerous. D．Pleasant.
45．How did the author feel when he reached Sydney?
A．Tired. B．Excited. C．Unfamiliar. D．Upset.
46．What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about?
A．Unique wild animals living in Australia. B．Beautiful natural landscape in Brisbane.
C．Wonderful experiences with wild animals. D．Exciting sports during the trip in Australia.
47．What does the underlined word “snorkeling” in Paragraph 4 mean?
A．Fishing on the sea. B．Swimming underwater.
C．Watching animal shows. D．Feeding turtles and sharks.

【答案】44．D    45．C    46．A    47．B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者去澳大利亚旅游的经历。
44．推理判断题。根据第二段“The flight went quite quickly though, since there were lots of films to watch to keep me amused.(不过，飞机飞得很快，因为有很多电影可以看，让我觉得很有趣)”可知，作者认为在飞机上的旅程是令人愉快的。故选D。
45．推理判断题。根据第二段“It was strange when I arrived because everything was upside down over there; (当我到达时它很陌生，因为那里的一切都颠倒了)”可知，作者刚到悉尼时感觉不熟悉。故选C。
46．主旨大意题。根据第三段“The country is truly beautiful, full of amazing views and wildlife you wouldn’t find anywhere else in the world.(这个国家真地很美，到处都是令人惊叹的景色和野生动物，你在世界上任何地方都找不到)”以及段落内容可知，本段主要介绍了澳大利亚的景色和特有的野生动物。故选A。
47．词句猜测题。根据第四段“The highlight of my trip was snorkeling in the Great Barrier Reef, as the water was amazingly clear with a beautiful shade of blue. I also got the chance to see some special creatures underwater, such as sea turtles and even a shark.(我旅行中最精彩的部分是在大堡礁snorkeling，那里的水非常清澈，带着美丽的蓝色阴影。我也有机会看到一些特殊的水下生物，如海龟，甚至鲨鱼)”可知，作者在大堡礁水下游泳时感受到了水下的风景和水下生物，推测划线词表示“潜水”，与swimming underwater同义。故选B。




Imagine this: You’re at a movie theater food stand loading up on snacks. You have a choice of a small, medium or large soda. The small is $3.50 and the large is $5.50. It’s a tough decision: The small size may not last you through the whole movie, but $5.50 for some sugary drink seems ridiculous. But there’s a third option, a medium soda for $5.25. The medium might be just right for you, but the large only cost a quarter more. If you’re like the majority of people, you end up buying the large.
If you’re wondering who would purchase the medium soda, the answer is almost no one. Actually, there’s a good chance that the marketing department purposely priced the medium soda as a decoy(诱饵), making you more likely to buy the soda rather than the small.
I have written about this unique human nature previously with my friend Dan Ariely, who, after noticing pricing for subscription(订阅) to The Economist, studied this phenomenon extensively. The digital subscription was $59, the print subscription was $125, and the print plus digital subscription was also $125. No one in their right mind would buy the print subscription when you could get digital as well for the same price, so why was it even an option? Ariely ran an experiment and found that when only the two“real”choices were offered, more people chose the less-expensive digital subscription. However, the bad option increased people’s likelihood of selecting the expensive print plus digital option.
Brain scientists call this effect“asymmetric dominance” and it means that people are attracted to the option that is closest to an obviously inferior(较差的) option. Marketing professors call it the decoy effect, which is certainly easier to remember. It works because of the way our brain assign value when making choices. Value is rarely absolute; rather, we decide an object’s value relative to other choices. If more options are introduced, the value equation(方程) changes.
48．What’s the function of the example in paragraph 1?
A．To offer background information. B．To explain an economical phenomenon.
C．To arouse the readers’ interest in the topic. D．To illustrate a rule when buying drinks.
49．What do we learn from Dan Ariely’s experiment?
A．The Economist’s print edition turns out to sell the best.
B．More readers choose the digital over the print edition.
C．Lower-priced goods attract more customers.
D．The Economist’s promotional strategy works.
50．From which website would you most probably find this text?


51．How do we assess the value of a product, according to the passage?
A．by considering its usefulness. B．Comparing it with other choices.
C．By examining its value equation. D．By taking its low quality into account.

【答案】48．C    49．D    50．C    51．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文阐述的是一种诱饵效应：当我们在做出选择时，受大脑分配价值方式的影响，在有更多选择的时候，我们会被最接近劣势的选项所吸引。
48．推理判断题。根据文章首段中的“Picture this: You’re at a movie theater food stand loading up on snacks. You have a choice of a small, medium or large soda. The small is $3.50 and the large is $5.50.(想象一下：你在电影院的食品摊上装满零食。你可以选择小杯，中杯或大杯苏打水。小的是 3.50 美元，大是 5.50 美元。)”；最后一句“If you’re like most people, you end up buying the large.(如果你像大部分人的话，你最终会买大杯。)”以及下文对诱饵效应的介绍可知，通过具体的事例，将读者引入文章讲述的话题，所以首段的作用就是引起读者的兴趣。故选C项。
49．推理判断题。根据第三段的“Ariely ran an experiment and found that when only the two “real” choices were offered, more people chose the less-expensive digital subscription. However, the bad option increased people’s likelihood of selecting the expensive print plus digital option.(Ariely进行了一项实验，发现当只提供两种“真实”选择时，更多的人选择更便宜的数字订阅。然而，糟糕的选择增加了人们选择昂贵的印刷加数字选项的可能性。)”可知，实验结果表明，这种促销的方式应该是见效的。故选D项。
50．推理判断题。根据文章首段的具体实例讲述的是消费者在面对消费选择时的最终选择结果，以及Dan Ariely所做的实验内容和最后一段中的“Marketing professors call it the decoy effect, which is certainly easier to remember.(营销学教授称之为诱饵效应，这当然更容易记住。)”可知，文章所涉及的信息都与消费者的消费选择和市场营销策略有关系，由此可推断，文章很有可能出现在与消费者相关的网站。故选C项。
51．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“However, the bad option increased people’s likelihood of selecting the expensive print plus digital option.(然而，糟糕的选择增加了人们选择昂贵的印刷加数字选项的可能性。)”和最后一段中的“Value is rarely absolute; rather, we decide an object’s value relative to other choices. If more options are introduced, the value equation(方程) changes.(价值很少是绝对的；相反，我们决定一个对象相对于其他选择的值。如果引入更多选项，则值方程会发生变化。)”可知，我们在购买一件商品时，总会经过对比，选择自己认为最好的选项。故选B项。


I am not good at fine dining. Even after a couple of formal meals in college, I still didn’t know how to balance a pile of peas on the back of my fork, which is obviously the European style.
Honestly, I think I am much more used to the simple language of chopsticks. Simple, however, by no means straightforward. To me, the humble (微不足道的) art of chopsticks carries more than any silver knives or forks ever could.
My grandfather’s language of love is teaching. I still remember how my grandfather teaches me to use chopsticks the proper way.”Only your first two fingers should be moving,” he tells me, “and your two chopsticks must never cross.” He can use chopsticks skillfully. He shows me chopstick tricks and we play games with chopsticks, like trying to take a pea from the other’s chopsticks grip. With a pair of chopsticks and his powerful hand, there is no need for any other cutlery when even noodles can be cut clean with a pair of chopsticks.
My grandmother’s language of love is food. In her hand, wooden chopsticks are no longer just cutlery, but a tool to show her concern.“Come, eat more,” she always says while using chopsticks to pick up food for me. When my grandfather comes home from a long day’s work, despite all the nagging that she gives to him, my grandmother always happily places the best part of their food onto his plate with chopsticks, and takes the rest for herself. There is no need for any words, when the love can be expressed with a pair of chopsticks.
Using chopsticks takes practice, patience and tenacity. After more than fifty years of marriage, my grandparents are still studying it and practicing it, with every meal and every mouthful. Mastering the loving language of chopsticks takes even more work, perhaps nobody can ever really be an expert-but isn’t that the beauty of it? Though our chopsticks may cross from time and we might drop the food on the table, we can always pick it up and try again.
52．What does the author think of chopsticks according to the first two paragraphs?
A．They are no different from forks.
B．They cannot be used for fine dining.
C．They are straightforward.
D．They are easier to use than knives and forks.
53．The underlined word “tenacity” in paragraph 5 probably means“_______”.
A．Courage B．faith C．perseverance D．optimism
54．What could be the best structure of the passage?
A． B．
C． D．
55．What does the author mainly want to tell us?
A．The usage of chopsticks. B．The development of chopsticks.
C．The meaning carried by chopsticks. D．The art of chopsticks.

【答案】52．D    53．C    54．B    55．C
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章通过作者祖父和祖母的故事来讲述筷子的含义。
52．推理判断题。根据第一段的“Even after a couple of formal meals in college, I still didn’t know how to balance a pile of peas on the back of my fork, which is obviously the European style.(即使在大学里正式吃过几顿饭，我仍然不知道如何平衡叉子后面的一堆豌豆，这显然是欧洲人的风格)”和第二段的“Honestly, I think I am much more used to the simple language of chopsticks.(老实说，我觉得我更习惯简单的筷子语言)”推知，作者认为比起刀叉来，筷子更容易使用。故选D。
53．词句猜测题。根据最后一段的“Using chopsticks takes practice, patience (使用筷子需要练习、耐心)”和下文“After more than fifty years of marriage, my grandparents are still studying it and practicing it, with every meal and every mouthful.(结婚五十多年了，爷爷奶奶还在研究、练习，每一顿饭，每一口饭)”可知，作者的爷爷奶奶研究、练习使用筷子50多年了。由此可知，使用筷子需要练习、耐心和毅力。因此划线词tenacity意为“毅力”，与perseverance同义。故选C。
54．推理判断题。通读全文可知，第一二段引出话题——筷子承载着很多，第三段讲述祖父教作者使用筷子，第四段讲述祖母用筷子表达对家人关心，最后一段对全文进行总结。因此文章的结构是：一二段引出话题——三段分述——四段分述——五段总结。故选B。
55．主旨大意题。根据第二段的“To me, the humble (微不足道的) art of chopsticks carries more than any silver knives or forks ever could.(对我来说，筷子这一朴素的艺术比任何银刀叉都能承载更多的东西)”并结合第三段讲述祖父教作者使用筷子，第四段讲述祖母用筷子表达对家人关心可知，作者通过这篇文章告诉我们筷子的含义。故选C。

Now researchers have found that humans produce a different odor (气味) when under pressure — and dogs can sniff it out. While previous studies have suggested dogs might notice human emotions, possibly through smell, questions remained over whether they could detect stress and if this could be done through smell.
Wilson, head of one research team, pointed the findings could prove useful when training service dogs, such as those that support people with PTSD (创伤后应激障碍). “They’re often trained to look at someone either crouching down on the floor, crying out in fear, or starting to do self-injurious behaviors,” said Wilson. The latest study, she said, offers another potential clue.
Wilson and colleagues trained four dogs to identify the container holding a particular breath and sweat sample, even when the containers included unused gauze (纱布), samples from another person, or samples from the same person taken at a different time of day. After the team is confident that the dogs understood the approach, they turned to collect breath and sweat samples collected from 36 people asked to count backwards from 9,000 in units of 17, and the participants reported feeling stressed.
Later, the dogs were taught to pick out samples taken just after the task. The researchers then tested whether the dogs could do the same with samples taken from the same participant just before the task, when they were more relaxed. Each set of samples was shown to a single dog in 20 trials.
The results reveal that the dogs chose the “stressed” sample in 675 out of the 720 trials. It was pretty amazing to see how smoothly the dogs act in telling people these two samples definitely different.
56．Why did Wilson and colleagues do such an experiment?
A．To train service dogs for people with PTSD． B．To confirm dogs can smell out stressed people.
C．To prove dogs could recognize human emotions. D．To help people understand how stressed they are.
57．The service dogs will usually provide help when someone ________.
A．hurts himself B．lies on the bed C．produces an odor D．screams in excitement
58．Which order does the experiment follow?
a. To train dogs to pick out the particular container.
b. To show each set of samples to a single dog in 20 trials.
c. To collect samples from participants when they are stressed out.
d. To ask participants to count backwards from 9,000 in units of 17.
A．a-d-c-b B．a-c-d-b C．c-a-d-b D．c-a-b-d
59．What’s the author’s attitude towards the finding?
A．Negative. B．Positive. C．Uncertain. D．Neutral.

【答案】56．B    57．A    58．A    59．B
【导语】本文是篇说明文。研究者们已经发现人类在压力下会一种不同的气味，而狗可以嗅出这种气味。为此，Wilson和他的同事们一起进行了实验，并最终证实了这一发现。
56．推理判断题。根据第一段“While previous studies have suggested dogs might notice human emotions, possibly through smell, questions remained over whether they could detect stress and if this could be done through smell.”（虽然之前的研究表明，狗可能通过嗅觉察觉到人类的情绪，但它们是否能察觉到压力，以及是否能通过嗅觉察觉到压力，仍存在疑问。）及后面开始的实验可以推断，Wilson和同事们做实验是为了证明狗能够嗅出有压力的人。故选B。
57．细节理解题。根据第二段“Wilson, head of one research team, pointed the findings could prove useful when training service dogs, such as those that support people with PTSD (创伤后应激障碍).”（Wilson是一个研究小组的负责人，他指出，这一发现在训练服务犬时很有用，比如那些支持PTSD患者的服务犬。）和“They’re often trained to look at someone either crouching down on the floor, crying out in fear, or starting to do self-injurious behaviors”（它们通常被训练成看着那些蹲在地板上、害怕地大喊大叫或开始做自残行为的人）可知，服务犬通常会在人们有伤害自己或是自残行为时提供帮助。故选A。
58．细节理解题。根据第三段“Wilson and colleagues trained four dogs to identify the container holding a particular breath and sweat sample,”（Wilson和他的同事们训练了四只狗来识别装着特定呼吸和汗水样本的容器）可知，这是实验的第一步a；根据第三段“they turned to collect breath and sweat samples collected from 36 people asked to count backwards from 9,000 in units of 17, and the participants reported feeling stressed.”（他们收集了36人的呼吸和汗水样本，这些样本被要求以17为单位从9000开始倒数，参与者表示感到有压力。）可知，先是要求参与者以17为单位从9000开始倒数，即第二步d，再当他们感到有了压力时收集他们的呼吸和汗水样本，即第三步c；最后根据第四段“Each set of samples was shown to a single dog in 20 trials.”（每组样本在20次试验中向一只狗展示。）可知，最后一步是在20次实验中向一只狗展示每组样本，即第四步b。所以实验顺序是a-d-c-b。故选A。
59．推理判断题。根据最后一段“It was pretty amazing to see how smoothly the dogs act in telling people these two samples definitely different.”（看到狗狗们如此流畅地告诉人们这两个样本绝对不同是非常令人惊叹的。）及其中的“amazing”可知，作者认为实验的结果是肯定的、令人惊叹的。故选B。

Nate had spent most of his seventy years in the woods. As a young man, he had the alternative of working in the city with his brother. But he decided that urban life was not for him. He preferred to isolate himself from others and find shelter in nature from the crowds and noise of the city. He was more than willing to give up such advantages as flush toilets and electric blankets for the joy of watching a sunrise illuminate the frozen pines.
Because Nate had lived alone for so long, his behavior was unpredictable. For example, one minute he’d be very quiet, and the next he’d talk about his youth. His knowledge of nature was extensive, and so I learned much from him through the years.
I will tell you an interesting story that shows how wise he was about the woods and how miserly (吝啬的) he could be with words. One evening Nate, my cousin Arthur, and I were crossing a grassland. Arthur’s interest in some little white mushrooms that were growing there led to this dialogue:
“These mushrooms look so good,” said Arthur. “Did you ever use them, Nate?”
“Yep,” said Nate. “My mom used to cook them up.”
“Great!” said Arthur. Nate’s words seemed to strengthen Arthur s desire for those mushrooms. He gathered about a hundred of them. “How did she prepare them?” he asked Nate.
“Cooked them up in sugar water.”
“Really? And then you ate them that way?”
“Ate them?” Nate was horrified. “You crazy? We used to put them in a bowl on the table to kill flies!”
60．Which can make Nate happier?
A．Working in the city. B．Quitting flush toilets.
C．Using electric blankets. D．Enjoying sunrises in the woods.
61．Nate is a man with ________.
A．ambition B．courage C．knowledge D．imagination
62．What do we know about the white mushrooms?
A．They were delicious. B．Nate ate them very often.
C．They might be poisonous. D．Arthur’s mother used to cook them.
63．What would be the best title for the passage?
A．Far From Nature B．White Mushrooms C．Nate the Woodsman D．Advantages of Urban Life

【答案】60．D    61．C    62．C    63．C
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了，常年生活在森林的内特有一天和作者及作者表弟亚瑟正在穿越一片草地，亚瑟问小白蘑菇能不能吃，然而亚瑟误解了内特的回答，侧面反映内特对森林是多么明智，对语言是多么吝啬。
60．细节理解题。由第一段中的“But he decided that urban life was not for him. He preferred to isolate himself from others and find shelter in nature from the crowds and noise of the city. He was more than willing to give up such advantages as flush toilets and electric blankets for the joy of watching a sunrise illuminate the frozen pines. (但他决定城市生活不适合他。他宁愿把自己与他人隔离开来，在大自然中寻找庇护，远离人群和城市的喧嚣。他非常愿意放弃冲水马桶和电热毯等优势，去享受看日出照亮冰冻松树的喜悦)”可知，在树林里享受日出能让内特更快乐。故选D项。
61．细节理解题。由第二段中的“His knowledge of nature was extensive, and so I learned much from him through the years. (他对自然的了解非常广泛，所以这些年来我从他那里学到了很多东西)”可知，内特是个很有知识的人。故选C项。
62．推理判断题。由最后一段中的“We used to put them in a bowl on the table to kill flies!”(我们曾经把蘑菇放在桌子上的碗里，用来杀苍蝇！)”可知，蘑菇可以用来杀苍蝇，可得出蘑菇有毒。故选C项。
63．主旨大意题。第一段讲“常年生活在森林的内特喜欢自然，不喜欢城市生活”，第二段讲“内特的一些品质（行为无法预测和知识广博）”，第三段和后文对话通过“蘑菇是否能吃”反映内特对森林是多么明智，对语言是多么吝啬，全文围绕主人翁内特展开，C项“林居者内特”能概括全文。故选C项。

A Japanese company recently released a white crust (吐司皮) milk bread that it hopes will stop the habit of removing the crust when making sandwiches.
Did you know that the vast majority of milk bread sandwiches made daily in Japan have their crusts removed? Although crusted sandwich lovers do exist, the general idea is that the fluffy (蓬松的), white part of Japanese bread is tastier than the brown crust. This concept dates back to a time long ago when the crust was harder to chew (咀嚼) through, but things are definitely a lot different today. The crust is nice and soft, but people still seem to prefer crustless sandwiches. That results in a lot of food waste, but one company hopes to change that with a new white crust bread.
Tokyo Chef Sugimoto and his team at the Imperial Hotel Co., Ltd. spent six months developing a new type of bread that eliminates the need to get rid of the crust. People have been coming up with all sorts of ways to recycle bread crusts in order to control food waste, but Sugimoto’s idea was to create a crust that didn’t have to be thrown away in the first place.
Although Imperial Hotel did not fully reveal the secret behind its new white crust bread, it did mention that it is baked slowly at a lower temperature than regular bread, which results in a white color all through the bread and a more moist texture (材质).
Imperial Hotel used to serve crustless milk bread sandwiches to its customers, but starting on October 1st of this year, they will switch to this new white crust bread, thus decreasing its food waste considerably.
The white crust bread will be served in the Imperial Hotel’s restaurants and at banquets, but people will also be able to purchase it from a luxury bakery that has been operating since 1971.
64．What makes people always prefer crustless sandwiches?
A．Changed taste. B．Nice colors. C．Soft texture. D．Fixed habits.
65．What does the underlined word “eliminate” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A．Enlarge. B．Satisfy. C．Erase. D．Ignore.
66．What can we learn from the text?
A．The white part is tastier but harder to chew. B．Chef Sugimoto is the first one to recycle crusts.
C．The regular bread asks for a higher temperature. D．The Hotel will serve crustless sandwiches after October.
67．Why did the Imperial Hotel promote the white crust bread?
A．To satisfy customers’ needs. B．To deal with the bread waste.
C．To develop a new type of bread. D．To provide a new option for luxury bakeries.

【答案】64．D    65．C    66．C    67．B
【导语】本文为说明文，主要讲述了帝国酒店将要采用白面包皮的原因。
64．推理判断题。根据第二段中“This concept dates back to a time long ago when the crust was harder to chew (咀嚼) through, but things are definitely a lot different today. The crust is nice and soft, but people still seem to prefer crustless sandwiches(这个概念可以追溯到很久以前，当时吐司皮很难咀嚼，但今天的情况肯定大不相同。吐司皮很好很软，但人们似乎还是喜欢无壳三明治)”可知，虽然吐司皮比以前更软，但人们还坚持以前的想法，更倾向于无壳三明治。由此推知，人们更喜欢无壳三明治是因为固定的习惯。故选D项。
65．词义猜测题。根据第三段中“People have been coming up with all sorts of ways to recycle bread crusts in order to control food waste, but Sugimoto’s idea was to create a crust that didn’t have to be thrown away in the first place(人们已经想出了各种各样的方法来回收面包皮，以控制食物浪费，但Sugimoto的想法是创造一种从一开始就不必扔掉的面包皮)”可知，Sugimoto的想法是创造一种不需要去掉面包皮的新型面包。由此可知，划线词坐在句子意为“东京帝国酒店的主厨Sugimoto和他的团队花了六个月的时间开发了一种无需去皮的新型面包”，即eliminates意为“去除”，故选C项。
66．细节理解题。根据第四段“Although Imperial Hotel did not fully reveal the secret behind its new white crust bread, it did mention that it is baked slowly at a lower temperature than regular bread, which results in a white color all through the bread and a more moist texture(虽然帝国酒店没有完全揭示其新的白面包皮背后的秘密，但它确实提到了它在比普通面包低的温度下缓慢烘焙，这导致整个面包呈白色，质地更加湿润)”可知，普通面包需要的温度高，故选C项。
67．细节理解题。根据第五段中“starting on October 1st of this year, they will switch to this new white crust bread, thus decreasing its food waste considerably(从今年10月1日开始，他们将改用这种新的白面包，从而大大减少食物浪费)”可知，改用白面包皮的目的是要减少食物浪费，故选B项。

About 600,000 people die of heart attacks at home each year. And the survival rate (存活率) of out-of-hospital heart attacks is much lower than those that happen at the in-hospital setting.
Pumpstart, a program created by students at Boston University School of Medicine (BUSM) which is meant to teach hands-only CPR (心脏复苏术) to the general public, is effective in both teaching high school students a life-saving skill and providing medical students with a chance to take part in public health and medical education after several surveys.
High school students in the Boston area who joined in the Pumpstart program completed pre-/post surveys. The pre-surveys were carried out before they watched a 60-minute training session (培训课程) on hands-only CPR. And the post surveys were done after the training session. Medical students also completed surveys judging their comfort in learning CPR both before and after they took part in the program. The high school students reported huge improvements in CPR skills following their training from Pumpstart. And it was reported that the medical students had higher confidence levels regarding their abilities to answer questions about CPR and helping new medical students to better understand the training sessions after they joined in Pumpstart.
“Getting the general public to feel comfortable performing CPR is important to overall improved survival from heart attacks,” explained Anita Knopov, a fourth-year medical student at BUSM. “Using educational resources provided by the city medical center and offering training to inner-city high school students allow medical students to serve as both educators and experienced people in CPR within the community, while making high school students interested in the healthcare field (医疗领域). That’s what Pumpstart does.”
Knopov believes Pumpstart can serve as a model for other organizations and can have a long-term (长期的) public health influence as the bystander CPR continues to be one of the most useful factors in out-of-hospital (医院之外) heart attack survival. “Although Pumpstart is offered only in Boston, we hope that our work may stimulate the development of similar programs in other areas. And in that case we can use lots of new ‘Pumpstarts’ in other regions.”
68．What is the main purpose of Pumpstart?
A．To change people’s lifestyle.
B．To train students to be healthy
C．To improve CPR skills of the public.
D．To provide medical care for communities.
69．What does Paragraph 4 imply?
A．Pumpstart improves students self-confidence
B．Pumpstart performs CPR for people independently.
C．Pumpstart obviously reduces the risk of heart attacks
D．Pumpstart encourages students to work in the healthcare field
70．What does Anita Knopov think of the program?
A．Pretty useful. B．Widely popular
C．Partly confusing. D．Fairly interesting
71．What does the underlined word “stimulate” in the last paragraph mean?
A．Check B．Prevent
C．Encourage D．Slow

【答案】68．C    69．D    70．A    71．C

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一个名为Pumpstart的项目，旨在向普通公众教授徒手心肺复苏术，提高心脏病患者的存活率。
68．细节理解题。根据第二段内容“Pumpstart, a program created by students at Boston University School of Medicine (BUSM) which is meant to teach hands-only CPR (心脏复苏术) to the general public, is effective in both teaching high school students a life-saving skill and providing medical students with a chance to take part in public health and medical education after several surveys.”（Pumpstart是波士顿大学医学院学生创建的一个项目，旨在向普通公众教授徒手心肺复苏术，该项目向高中学生传授挽救生命的技能，经过多次调查，该项目也为医学生提供参加公共卫生和医学教育的机会。）可知，Pumpstart旨在向普通公众教授徒手心肺复苏术，由此可知，Pumpstart的主要目的是提高公众的心肺复苏技能。故选C项。
69．推理判断题。根据第四段关键句“Using educational resources provided by the city medical center and offering training to inner-city high school students allow medical students to serve as both educators and experienced people in CPR within the community, while making high school students interested in the healthcare field (医疗领域). That’s what Pumpstart does.”（利用城市医疗中心提供的教育资源，并为市中心的高中学生提供培训，使医学生既能成为社区内心脏复苏术的教育者，又能成为有经验的人，同时让高中学生对医疗领域感兴趣。这就是Pumpstart所做的。）可知，Pumpstart希望让高中学生对医疗领域感兴趣，由此可知，Pumpstart鼓励学生在医疗领域工作。故选D项。
70．推理判断题。根据最后一段关键句“Knopov believes Pumpstart can serve as a model for other organizations and can have a long-term (长期的) public health influence as the bystander CPR continues to be one of the most useful factors in out-of-hospital (医院之外) heart attack survival.”（Knopov认为Pumpstart可以作为其他组织的榜样，并且可以对公众健康产生长期影响，因为旁观者的心脏复苏仍然是提高医院外心脏病发作存活率的最有用因素之一。）可知，Knopov认为Pumpstart可以对公众健康产生长期影响，有助于提高医院外心脏病发作患者的存活率，由此可知，Anita Knopov认为这个项目非常有用。故选A项。
71．词义猜测题。根据画线单词下文“And in that case we can use lots of new ‘Pumpstarts’ in other regions.”（在这种情况下，我们可以在其他地区使用许多新的“Pumpstarts”。）可知，“我们”希望可以在其他地区使用许多新的“Pumpstarts”，由此可知，我们希望我们的工作能够激励其他领域类似项目的发展，这样就可以在其他地区使用许多新的“Pumpstarts”。由此可知划线词意为“激励”，与encourage同义。故选C项。

What is the first thing that pops into your mind when someone mentions a construction site? Is it the dusty air, the noise of heavy machinery, the toiling workers soaked (湿透的) with sweat or the quiet enjoyment of books?
The latter is what one construction site in Xiamen city, East China’s Fujian province. It quickly became the focus of attention on World Book Day, which fell on Saturday, thanks to a construction contractor (承包商) building a library for the site’s 200-plus workers.
The library is located in a portable container that is around 18 square meters. It was set up by China Construction Third Engineering Bureau Group Co, earlier this month to promote reading and bring knowledge and pleasure to the construction workers.
Over 2,000 books in different categories, are neatly placed on shelves. On the wall hangs a bulletin board listing six rules for borrowing books. The room is air-conditioned so the workers can read comfortably there.
“I like reading all kinds of books, ranging from nonfiction to romantic novels. The library has them all,” says Li Chenghai, a migrant worker from Southwest China’s Sichuan province.
Compared with playing games on mobile phones or getting hooked on short-video apps, Li prefers reading as books can help him remain calm and broaden his horizons.
Li’s view is echoed by his fellow worker Dongqun, who also comes from Sichuan. Dong is more interested in books on health, cooking and parenting. “The work at the construction site is tiring. I want to learn something to keep myself healthy and inspire me in my daily life,” Dong says. She has worked on many construction sites, but this is the only one with a library.
Yi Jingxing, a 45-year-old worker, also frequents the library. “I like martial arts novels. Whenever I am free after work, I come here to read,” says Yi, who dreamed of being a martial arts hero as a kid.
72．Which of the following statements is not correct according to the passage?
A．Dong’s view is quite similar to that of Li’s.
B．Reading has gained its popularity among migrant workers in China.
C．There is a wide range of books for readers in the library.
D．Reading books enables you to be better prepared for what the future holds in store for you.
73．What may be the author’s attitude towards building the library in the construction site?
A．Opposed. B．Objective. C．Favorable. D．Concerned.
74．Where can you find this piece of reading?
A．A travel journal. B．A science report.
C．A news report. D．A story book.
75．What can we learn from the passage?
A．Knowledge is a treasure, but practice is the key to it.
B．It’s never too late to learn.
C．Black hair does not know how to study early, white head regrets studying late.
D．Not until knowledge comes to use will we regret that what we read is far too less.

【答案】72．B    73．C    74．C    75．B
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，文章介绍了一家建筑承包商为福建省厦门市的一个建筑工地的200多名农民工建造了一座图书馆，让工人们从手机游戏或短视频中走出来，拿起书本，爱上阅读，丰富了农民工的文化生活。
72．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句“She has worked on many construction sites, but this is the only one with a library. (她在许多建筑工地上工作过，但这是唯一一个有图书馆的。)”可知， Dongqun在许多建筑工地上工作过，但是只有福建厦门的这一个建筑工地上建了图书馆，此外，文章中所提到的农民工都是目前在这个有图书馆的建筑工地上班的农民工，而不能推知中国的农民工都是如此，故B项“Reading has gained its popularity among migrant workers in China. (阅读在中国的农民工中越来越普及/受欢迎。)”错误。故选B。
73．推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“Is it the dusty air, the noise of heavy machinery, the toiling workers soaked (湿透的) with sweat or the quiet enjoyment of books?(是尘土飞扬的空气，重型机械的噪音，汗流浃背的工人，还是安静地享受书籍?)”以及第二段“The latter is what one construction site in Xiamen city, East China’s Fujian province. It quickly became the focus of attention on World Book Day, which fell on Saturday, thanks to a construction contractor (承包商) building a library for the site’s 200-plus workers. (后者是中国东部福建省厦门市的一个建筑工地。由于一家建筑承包商为该工地的200多名员工建造了一座图书馆，它很快成为周六世界读书日的焦点。)”可知作者认为由于这个图书馆农民工可以安静地享受阅读；结合第三段第二句“It was set up by China Construction Third Engineering Bureau Group Co, earlier this month to promote reading and bring knowledge and pleasure to the construction workers.(该活动由中国建筑第三工程局集团有限公司于本月早些时候成立，旨在促进阅读，为建筑工人带来知识和快乐。)”以及第四段最后一句“The room is air-conditioned so the workers can read comfortably there.(房间里有空调，所以工作人员可以在那里舒适地阅读。)”可推知作者对于在建筑工地建图书馆是非常赞成的。故选C。
74．推理判断题。根据第三段第二句“It was set up by China Construction Third Engineering Bureau Group Co, earlier this month to promote reading and bring knowledge and pleasure to the construction workers.(它是由中国建筑第三工程局集团公司于本月初设立的，旨在促进建筑工人阅读，给他们带来知识和乐趣。)”中的“earlier this month (本月初)”以及文章的详细内容可知，本文应是新闻报道。故选C。
75．推理判断题。文章第二段中“It quickly became the focus of attention on World Book Day(它很快成为世界读书日关注的焦点)”提到世界读书日；由第六段 “Compared with playing games on mobile phones or getting hooked on short-video apps, Li prefers reading as books can help him remain calm and broaden his horizons.(与玩手机游戏或沉迷于短视频应用相比，Li更喜欢阅读，因为书籍可以帮助他保持冷静，开阔视野。)”以及第七段中的“Dong is more interested in books on health, cooking and parenting. ‘The work at the construction site is tiring. I want to learn something to keep myself healthy and inspire me in my daily life,’ Dong says. (Dong对健康、烹饪和育儿方面的书籍更感兴趣。‘建筑工地的工作很累。我想学习一些东西来保持自己的健康，并在日常生活中给我灵感。’Dong说。)”可知农民工在建筑工地图书馆通过阅读不断学习，获取知识，由此可知A项“It’s never too late to learn.(活到老，学到老)”符合题意。故选B。

Going to work on a couple of eggs might be the way forward if you want to lose weight. According to research from the Rochester Centre for Obesity in America, eating eggs for breakfast can help to limit your calorie intake throughout the rest of the day, by more than 400 calories.
In the study, 30 overweight women were asked to eat an egg-based breakfast (2 eggs) and 30 overweight women were asked to eat a bread-based breakfast. Two kinds of breakfast contain the same amount of calories and almost the same levels of protein (蛋白质). The researchers recorded the women’s eating habits and found that just before lunch, the women who had eaten eggs for breakfast felt less hungry and ate a smaller lunch as a result.
Researchers pointed out that certain foods lead to a greater sense of being full. An egg is an example of such food that has a 50% greater satiety index (指数) compared to white bread or ready-to-eat breakfast porridge. This study suggests that eating eggs for breakfast makes you feel fuller for longer so that you eat less at your next few meals. Therefore, if you’re trying to lose weight as it means, you may find it easier to cut calories without feeling hungry.
Eggs are packed with all kinds of nutrients (营养) but contain just 85 calories each. Old advice to limit eggs to just a few each week has also been given up. According to the Food Standards Agency, there’s now no limit to the number of eggs you can eat in a week as part of a healthy balanced diet. If you feel like starting the day with eggs, we suggest you avoid frying them and eat them with wholemeal toast and a small glass of vitamin C-rich unsweetened orange juice, which will help the body make the best use of the iron in the eggs.
76．What breakfast can lead to eating less for lunch?
A．Bread. B．Eggs. C．Juice. D．Porridge
77．What does the underlined word“satiety”probably mean in paragraph 3?
A．A taste of food. B．A feeling of pride.
C．A state of hunger. D．A sense of being full.
78．What does the Food Standards Agency suggest we do?
A．Avoid eating fried eggs.
B．Take in as much protein as possible.
C．Drink sweetened orange juice each day.
D．Eat nothing between breakfast and lunch.
79．What is the proper title for the text?
A．Mind Your Calorie Intake B．Have a Big Breakfast
C．Eat Eggs for Weight Loss D．Keep a Balanced Diet

【答案】76．B    77．D    78．A    79．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章说明了吃鸡蛋有助于减肥。
76．细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“According to research from the Rochester Centre for Obesity in America, eating eggs for breakfast can help to limit your calorie intake throughout the rest of the day, by more than 400 calories.(根据美国罗切斯特肥胖中心的研究，早餐吃鸡蛋可以帮助你在一天剩下的时间里减少超过400卡路里的热量摄入。)”和第二段“The researchers recorded the women’s eating habits and found that just before lunch, the women who had eaten eggs for breakfast felt less hungry and ate a smaller lunch as a result. (研究人员记录了这些女性的饮食习惯，发现在午餐前，早餐吃鸡蛋的女性感觉不那么饿，因此午餐吃得更少。)”可知，早餐吃鸡蛋能让你在一天剩下的时间里减少超过400卡路里的热量摄入。由此可知，早餐吃鸡蛋能让你在午餐吃得少一些。故选B项。
77．词义猜测题。根据文章第三段中的“Researchers pointed out that certain foods lead to a greater sense of being full. An egg is an example of such food that has a 50% greater satiety index(指数)compared to white bread or ready-to-eat breakfast porridge.(研究人员指出，某些食物会让人产生更强的饱腹感。鸡蛋就是这样一种食物，它的饱腹指数比白面包或即食早餐粥高出50%。)”可知，研究指出一些事物会让人产生更强的饱腹感，鸡蛋的饱腹指数比白面包或即食早餐粥高出50%。由此可知，satiety与前面的sense of being full互为同义表达，表示“满足、饱足”。故选D项。
78．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中的“If you feel like starting the day with eggs, we suggest you avoid frying them and eat them with wholemeal toast and a small glass of vitamin C-rich unsweetened orange juice, which will help the body make the best use of the iron in the eggs.(如果你想用鸡蛋开始新的一天，我们建议鸡蛋不要煎，而是搭配全麦吐司和一小杯富含维生素C的无糖橙汁来吃，这将有助于身体充分利用鸡蛋中的铁。)”可知，食品标准局建议早餐吃鸡蛋不要煎，而是搭配全麦吐司和一杯无糖橙汁。故选A项。
79．主旨大意题。阅读文章可知，文章第一段第一句话“Going to work on a couple of eggs might be the way forward if you want to lose weight.(如果你想减肥，吃几个鸡蛋可能是前进的道路。)”提到了，如果想减肥的话，吃鸡蛋是可行的；第二、三段通过实验证明吃鸡蛋更有饱腹感，有助于减肥；第四段说明了鸡蛋热量低，营养价值高。由此可知，本文主要论述了吃鸡蛋有助于减肥，C项“Eat Eggs for Weight Loss(吃鸡蛋减肥)”最能概括本文主要内容。故选C项。

One of the greatest sources of unhappiness, in my experience, is the difficulty we have in accepting things as they are.
When we see something we don’t like, we wish it could be different. We cry out for something better. That may be human nature, or perhaps it’s something rooted in our culture. The root of the unhappiness isn’t necessarily that we want things to be different. However, it’s that we decided we didn’t like it in the first place. We’ve judged it as bad, rather than saying, “It’s not bad or good, and it just is it.”
In one of my books, I said “You should expect people to mess up and expect things to go differently than you planned”. Some readers said it’s too sorrowful to expect things to go wrong. However, it’s only negative if you see it as negative and judge it as bad. Instead, you could accept it as the way the world works and try to understand why that is.
This can be applied to whatever you do: how other people act at work, how politics works and how depressing the news media can be. Accept these things as they are, and try to understand why they’re that way. It will save you a lot of sadness, because you’ll no longer say, “Oh. I wish bad things didn’t happen.”
Does it mean you can never change things? Not at all. But change things not because you can’t accept things as they are, but because you enjoy the process of changing, learning and growing.
Can we make this world a better place? You can say that you’ll continue to try to do things to help others, to grow as a person, to make a difference in this world. That’s the correct path you choose to take, because you enjoy that path. Therefore, when you find yourself judging and wishing for difference, try a different approach: accept and understand. It might lead to some interesting results.
80．The author believes that we feel unhappy maybe because ________.
A．it is our natural emotion in the life B．culture asks us to be different from others
C．everyone has their own opinions on things D．we dislike something in the beginning
81．Some readers think the words in the author’s book is too ________.
A．depressing B．frightening C．encouraging D．unreal
82．In paragraph 4, the underlined word “it” refers to ________.
A．acting well at work and in politics
B．feeling depressed for the news media
C．accepting and understanding what has happened
D．saying something negative when bad things come
83．What is the main idea of the passage?
A．Expecting things to be different gives us hope.
B．Accepting can make our life happier and better.
C．Traditional culture becomes the root of unhappiness.
D．Judging good or bad is important for our world.

【答案】80．D    81．A    82．C    83．B
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章介绍了人们不快乐的根源是不愿意接受事物本来的样子，总想试图把它们改变成自己喜欢的样子。在文中作者建议人们要学会去接受、理解事物本来的面貌，本质，然后就会有意想不到的收获。
80．细节理解题。根据第二段“The root of the unhappiness isn’t necessarily that we want things to be different. However, it’s that we decided we didn’t like it in the first place.(不快乐的根源不一定是我们希望事情有所不同。然而，是我们一开始就决定不喜欢它。)”可知，作者认为人们不快乐的根源是从一开始我们就不喜欢某些东西，不愿意接受它们本来的样子。故选D项。
81．细节理解题。根据第三段“Some readers said it’s too sorrowful to expect things to go wrong. (一些读者说，期待事情会出错太令人悲伤了。)”可知，一些读者认为作者的话太过消沉，悲观。故选A项。
82．词句猜测题。根据第四段“Accept these things as they are, and try to understand why they’re that way. It will save you a lot of sadness, because you’ll no longer say, “Oh. I wish bad things didn’t happen.”(接受这些事情本来的样子，并试着理解为什么会是这样。它会帮你省去很多悲伤，因为你不会再说“哦。我希望坏事没有发生。”)”可知，只有接受事物本身的样子，你才不会感到那么悲伤，可推知此处it指代前面内容，即接受事物本身的样子，并去理解为什么是这样的。故选C项。
83．主旨大意题。根据第一段“One of the greatest sources of unhappiness, in my experience, is the difficulty we have in accepting things as they are.(根据我的经验，不快乐的最大来源之一是我们难以接受事物的本来面目。)”以及余下全文可知，文章开头提出人们不快乐的根源是不愿意接受事物本来的样子，然后进一步分析说明，最后建议人们为了快乐就要学会接受、理解。由此可知B选项“Accepting can make our life happier and better.(接受让我们的生活变得更快乐和更好。)”符合语意。故选B项。

Perhaps my favorite place during my trip to Guangxi was the Longji Rice Terraces(梯田)in Longsheng. I’ve seen rice terraces elsewhere in Asia, but nothing compared with the beauty of the Longji Rice Terraces. To go to Guangxi and skip these rice terraces would be a loss.
These over 600-year-old terraces are still very much in use and feed the local Yao and Zhuang communities; you can find many guesthouses throughout the various rice terraces, and while accommodations ( 住宿) are very basic, I would strongly suggest spending a night in the peaceful terraces, surrounded by nothing but rice.
My friends and I had arrived in Guangxi on harvest day and we were told by our local guide it was too late to see Longji in its autumnal beauty. But we were super lucky because the 2021 harvest had been put off, and when we arrived in Longsheng a couple of days later, it was the last day before the harvest began. It’s quite risky to time your visit this way, but it is amazing to see the Longji Rice Terraces both before harvest and after, when it takes on a completely new character.
The two main terraced areas are the Ping’an Terraced Fields and the Jinkeng Terraced Fields. The former is home to the local Zhuang people and has more visitors as it’s easier to reach. Jinkeng, on the other hand, is less visited. The Red Yao people live here, and should you need a hand with your suitcase, their women are happy to help you. We chose Jinkeng because it’s home to the highest point of the Longji Rice Terraces. The viewpoint is nearly 4,000 feet high. We had to go up there as our hotel was up there, but you should anyway as it’s the most wonderful viewpoint.
The Longji Rice Terraces are supposed to be beautiful in the spring and summer as well, though I much prefer its autumnal beauty. Winter, I’d skip, as it was already cold enough at night in October, but I’d return and visit again in the spring or summer.
84．What is the author’s advice for people visiting the Longji Rice Terraces?
A．Staying a night at a guesthouse among the terraces.
B．Going to the local Yao and Zhuang communities.
C．Choosing good accommodations.
D．Eating the local rice.
85．Why did the author feel very lucky when he arrived in Longsheng?
A．He could enjoy the terraces’ autumnal beauty.
B．He found a time-saving way to the terraces.
C．He came across one of his friends.
D．He had a professional local guide.
86．What made the author choose the Jinkeng Terraced Fields?
A．The affordable hotel. B．The friendly people.
C．The great viewpoint. D．The light traffic.
87．Where can the text be found?
A．In a short novel. B．In a news report.
C．In a history book. D．In a travel magazine.

【答案】84．A    85．A    86．C    87．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了去广西龙脊梯田参观的经历和体会。
84．细节理解题。根据文章的第二段“These over 600-year-old terraces are still very much in use and feed the local Yao and Zhuang communities; you can find many guesthouses throughout the various rice terraces, and while accommodations (住宿) are very basic, I would strongly suggest spending a night in the peaceful terraces, surrounded by nothing but rice.(这些有600多年历史的梯田仍然在大量使用，养活着当地的瑶族和壮族社区；你可以在各种梯田中找到许多宾馆，虽然住宿非常基础，但我强烈建议在宁静的梯田中度过一晚，周围只有水稻)”可知，作者建议住在梯田间的宾馆里。故选A项。
85．细节理解题。根据文章的第三段“My friends and I had arrived in Guangxi on harvest day and we were told by our local guide it was too late to see Longji in its autumnal beauty. But we were super lucky because the 2021 harvest had been put off, and when we arrived in Longsheng a couple of days later, it was the last day before the harvest began. It’s quite risky to time your visit this way, but it is amazing to see the Longji Rice Terraces both before harvest and after, when it takes on a completely new character.(我和我的朋友们是在收获日到达广西的，当地导游告诉我们，已经来不及欣赏龙脊的秋日美景了。但我们非常幸运，因为2021年的收获时间被推迟了，几天后我们到达龙胜时，是收获开始前的最后一天。以这种方式选择参观时间是很冒险的，但无论是收获前还是收获后，龙脊梯田都呈现出一种全新的风貌，令人惊叹)”可知，作者虽然去的时间晚了，但是因为收获时间的推迟，作者不仅欣赏的龙脊梯田收获前的景色，也欣赏到收获后的美景。故选A项。
86．细节理解题。根据第四段的最后三句话“We chose Jinkeng because it’s home to the highest point of the Longji Rice Terraces. The viewpoint is nearly 4,000 feet high. We had to go up there as our hotel was up there, but you should anyway as it’s the most wonderful viewpoint.(我们选择金坑是因为这里是龙脊梯田的最高点。观景台近4000英尺高。我们必须去那里，因为我们的酒店就在那里，但无论如何你应该去，因为那里有最好的观景台)”可知，作者选择金坑梯田的原因是那里有最好的观景台。故选C项。
87．推理判断题。因为这篇文章中作者讲述的是他去广西龙脊梯田参观的经历，所以这篇文章应该来自于一本旅游杂志。故选D项。

What kind of people can become scientists? When a group of researchers posed that question to ninth- and 10th-graders, almost every student gave such responses as “People who work hard” or “Anyone who seems interested in the field of science.” Many of these same students struggled to imagine themselves as scientists, citing concerns such as “I’m not good at science” and “Even if I work hard, I will not do well.” It’s easy for them to see a scientist’s work as arising from an inborn talent.
But for high school students, learning more about some struggles of scientists can help students feel more motivated to learn science. Researchers at the University of Washington designed an intervention (干预) to change students’ beliefs that scientific achievement depends on ability rather than effort by exposing students to stories of how accomplished scientists struggled and overcame challenges in their scientific efforts.
During the study, the students read one of three types of stories about Albert Einstein, Marie Curie and Michael Faraday. Intellectual (智力的) struggle stories: stories about how scientists “struggled intellectually,” such as making mistakes while solving a scientific problem and learning from them. Life struggle stories: stories about how scientists struggled in their personal lives, such as not giving up in the face of poverty or lack of family support. Achievement stories: stories about how scientists made great discoveries, without any discussion of challenges.
Researchers found that students who heard either type of “struggle stories” improved their after-intervention science performance, compared to students in the control group. The effect was especially pronounced for lower performing students, for whom exposure to struggling stories led to significantly better science-class performance than low-performing students who read achievement stories. In addition, students who read struggle stories reported feeling more personally connected to the scientists. By recognizing a scientist’s struggles and introducing the growth mindset he or she applied to accomplish great works, the students were able to empathize with the scientists during their own struggles.
88．Why do students fail to imagine themselves as scientists?
A．They are short of confidence.
B．They lack interest in science.
C．They don’t have inborn talent.
D．They have no ability to study science.
89．What’s the purpose of the intervention?
A．To introduce some inspirational stories to students.
B．To expose students to scientists’ great achievements.
C．To ensure students will become scientists in the future.
D．To clear students’ misunderstandings of scientific work.
90．What does the underlined word “pronounced” in the last paragraph probably mean?
A．Important. B．Noticeable. C．Strange. D．Long-lasting.
91．What can we learn from the research?
A．Science ability has nothing to do with efforts.
B．Students are more motivated by achievement stories.
C．Scientists’ struggle stories can influence readers’ beliefs.
D．Low-performing students tend to feel connected to scientists.

【答案】88．A    89．D    90．B    91．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了研究人员向九年级和十年级的学生提出“什么样的人可以成为科学家”这个问题时，几乎每个学生的回答都是“努力学习的人”或“对科学领域感兴趣的人”。为了解除这种误解，研究人员设计了一项干预，即了解更多关于科学家的奋斗可以帮助学生更有动力学习科学，结果发现，听过任何一种“奋斗故事”的学生在干预后的科学表现都有所提高。
88．推理判断题。根据第一段的“Many of these same students struggled to imagine themselves as scientists, citing concerns such as ‘I’m not good at science’ and ‘Even if I work hard, I will not do well.’ It’s easy for them to see a scientist’s work as arising from an inborn talent.(同样是这些学生中的许多人都很难将自己想象成科学家，理由是“我不擅长科学”和“即使我努力工作，也不会做得很好”。他们很容易将科学家的工作视为天生的才能)”可知，这些学生认为能够成为科学家是天生的才能，“自己不擅长”或“即使努力也无法做好”这样的理由可以看作为他们缺乏自信，从而很难将自己想象成科学家。故选A项。
89．推理判断题。根据第二段的“Researchers at the University of Washington designed an intervention (干预) to change students’ beliefs that scientific achievement depends on ability rather than effort by exposing students to stories of how accomplished scientists struggled and overcame challenges in their scientific efforts.(教师学院、哥伦比亚大学和华盛顿大学的研究人员设计了一种干预措施，让学生了解有成就的科学家在科学努力中如何努力和克服挑战的故事，从而改变学生们认为科学成就反映的是能力而不是努力的观念)”可知，这项干预通过让学生们了解科学家们是如何努力奋斗克服挑战的，以澄清学生对科学工作的误解。故选D项。
90．词义猜测题。分析可知，非限制性定语从句“for whom exposure to struggling stories led to significantly better science-class performance than low-performing students who read achievement stories. (对他们来说，接触奋斗故事比阅读成就故事的成绩差的学生在科学课上表现更好)”的先行词为“lower performing students(成绩差的学生)”，因此可知，在“干预”后，接触奋斗故事的成绩差的学生和阅读成就故事的成绩差的学生在科学课上都有了好的表现，且二者之间通过对比出现了“更好”。由此推知，干预对于成绩差的学生效果显著，因此，“The effect was especially pronounced”应是“效果显著”的意思，即划线词应是“明显的，显著的”与noticeable同义。故选B项。
91．推理判断题。根据文章末尾内容“By recognizing a scientist’s struggles and introducing the growth mindset he or she applied to accomplish great works, the students were able to empathize (共情) with the scientists during their own struggles.(通过认识科学家的奋斗，并介绍他或她在完成伟大工作时所运用的成长心态，学生们能够在科学家的奋斗过程中感同身受)”可知，通过了解一个科学家的奋斗史，学生们使得自己在奋斗过程中能够产生与科学家的共鸣，从而能够改变之前的对于科学家工作的误解。由此可推知，科学家的奋斗故事可以影响读者的信念。故选C项。

Most of us travel with our parents as children and teenagers. For some of us, during the travel, our parents are our inspiration. These trips are normally full of rental cars, beaches, and hamburgers. My family would go to Galiano island every summer, and we did a week in Mexico in 1995, and then we did two different trips to Anaheim to experience the magic of Disney, Universal, and Knott’s Berry Farm.
But all of these are childhood experiences and memories. I didn’t really truly travel with my parents until I was an adult when I got the chance to travel with mom and dad.
I was in New Zealand for a study abroad, and invited my parents to come down for a 2-week road trip around the North Island and then 10 days in Fiji. Why not? They said, as if this was something they were invited to do every day. I didn’t really plan anything, but my mom had done some reading and I knew some highlights after living in New Zealand for 5 months.
I had booked a hotel for their first night in Auckland. The only other preparation I had done was to book a rental car. My parents immediately reached an agreement that I should be the driver, for the whole two weeks. The main reason for this, understandably, was that neither of them had ever been in a country where you drive on the left hand side of the road and on the right hand side of the car. This led to me driving my parents around the entire North Island of New Zealand for 2 weeks! But still, everybody had jobs. Dad had the maps, and mom had the guidebook, and I just took them where they told me to go.
Sometimes, I was asked who I was traveling with. When I said “my parents”, the response was, “Ohhh, older people.” Actually, I have some tips on travelling with parents happily.
92．Which can replace the underlined word “inspiration” in Para. 1?
A．Cooks. B．Guides. C．Drivers. D．Translators.
93．Why did the parents let the writer drive the car in New Zealand?
A．They were not used to the driving rules.
B．They were afraid of the mountain roads.
C．They were too old to drive for a long time.
D．They were not familiar with the brand of the car.
94．What is the best title of the text?
A．Drive on the Way. B．Travel with Parents.
C．Enjoy New Zealand. D．Recall the Childhood.
95．What will the writer share next?
A．The argument with parents. B．The memory in Fiji as a child.
C．The scenery during the road trip. D．The advice on outing with parents.

【答案】92．B    93．A    94．B    95．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章叙述了曾经年少由父母带着出门旅游的我，长大后，开始带父母出去旅游的故事。
92．词句猜测题。根据第一段划线词inspiration的下文“These trips are normally full of rental cars, beaches. and hamburgers.”可知，父母带孩子出门旅行时，父母负责租车，选定游玩的沙滩和解决吃饭的问题。由此可见，父母就是旅行的总指挥，是向导，B项意为“向导”，符合题意。故选B。
93．细节理解题。根据第四段“The main reason for this, understandably, was that neither of them had ever been in a country where you drive on the left hand side of the road and on the right hand side of the car”（这一点的主要原因是，他们两人都不习惯驾驶座位在汽车右侧，并且汽车上路靠左行驶的交通规则，这一点是可以理解的）可知，父母二人都不习惯驾驶座位在汽车右侧，并且汽车上路靠左行驶的交通规则。故选A。
94．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，作者小时候跟着父母旅游，父母负责安排。长大后，作者陪父母去新西兰旅游，一路上订宾馆，当司机，长途开车，虽累但是幸福。所以最佳题目应紧扣“旅行”和“父母”两个关键词，B项意为“和父母旅行”，符合题意。选B。
95．推理判断题。根据文章最后一句“Actually, I have some tips on travelling with parents happily.”（事实上，我有一些和父母一起快乐旅行的小贴士。）可知，作者接下来，要和大家分享和父母快乐出游的建议。故选D。

Scientists have discovered that chimps(黑猩猩)talk to each other by drumming on trees with their hands and feet. It is a way of sending long-distance messages. Each male chimp has its own way of drum beats, to which they add spoken noises to show who is where and what they are doing. The chimps only seem to use their own beats when they are travelling. It may explain why chimps don’t say goodbye to each other because they can keep in touch with each other when they’re away.
We believe chimps like communicating with each other very much. So do the chimps in the zoo. They are happy to communicate with visitors every day. However, during the lockdown(封闭)time, the chimps are upset because of no visitors coming.
A new study has found that some chimps were quieter and lazier than usual during the lockdown months. The study took place in Knowsley Safari Park(野生动物园)in England. It compared the chimps’ behavior during periods of lockdown in 2020 and 2021—when the zoo was closed and they were not being observed by humans—with how they acted after zoo visitors returned.
When the zoo was closed, some chimps spent more time alone and moved about less. When the sites reopened and visitors returned, they spent less time resting and ate more and explored more. In Knowsley, they were eager to get close to visitors’ cars more often.
The researchers say that they can’t tell for sure whether the lockdown was good or bad for the chimps they had studied. When visitors returned, chimps spent less time alone, which could be seen as positive. However, their less resting could also be seen as negative, because it could mean that human visitors interrupted their rest time, which may harm chimps’ health.
96．What is the purpose of the chimps’ way of drum beats?
A．To play music. B．To scare visitors.
C．To attract scientists. D．To have communication.
97．What effects did the lockdown have on chimps according to the study?
A．The chimps became less active. B．The chimps put on more weight.
C．The chimps enjoyed their loneliness. D．The chimps communicated quite often.
98．How were the chimps when the Zoo was reopened?
A．Lazy. B．Quiet. C．Excited. D．Lonely.
99．In which way did the researchers get the study result?
A．By listing numbers. B．By comparing facts.
C．By giving examples. D．By interviewing visitors.

【答案】96．D    97．A    98．C    99．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了黑猩猩是热爱交流的物种，但是科学家们通过研究Knowsley Safari Park的黑猩猩发现，封闭期间，动物园没有游客来访，黑猩猩们变得内向孤单，动物园重新开放后，游客的到来又干扰了黑猩猩们的休息。孰是孰非?
96．细节理解题。根据第一段“Scientists have discovered that chimps(黑猩猩)talk to each other by drumming on trees with their hands and feet. It is a way of sending long-distance messages.”（科学家们发现黑猩猩通过用手和脚在树上敲鼓来互相交谈。这是一种发送长途信息的方式）可知，黑猩猩击打树干是为了远程传递信息，是为了交流，故选D。
97．细节理解题。根据第三段“A new study has found that some chimps were quieter and lazier than usual during the lockdown months.”（ 一项新的研究发现，在封锁期间，一些黑猩猩比平时更安静、更懒）和第四段“When the zoo was closed, some chimps spent more time alone and moved about less.”（ 当动物园关闭时，一些黑猩猩独处的时间更长，活动更少）可知，封闭期间，黑猩猩们独处的时间多了，来回走动少了，变得更安静，更懒惰，即不活跃了。故选A。
98．推理判断题。根据第四段“When the sites reopened and visitors returned. they spent less time resting and ate more and explored more. In Knowsley, they were eager to get close to visitors’ cars more often.”（动物园再次开门时，游客的到来让黑猩猩们睡得少了，但是吃得多了，更爱探索，也更爱靠近游客的汽车了）可知，动物园重新开放后黑猩猩们变得活跃、兴奋起来。故选C。
99．细节理解题。根据第三段“The study took place in Knowsley Safari Park(野生动物园)in England. It compared the chimps’ behavior during periods of lockdown in 2020 and 2021—when the zoo was closed and they were not being observed by humans—with how they acted after zoo visitors returned”（这项研究在英国的诺斯利野生动物园进行。该研究比较了黑猩猩在2020年和2021年禁闭期间(当时动物园关闭，没有人观察它们)的行为，以及游客回来后它们的行为）可知，研究人员对比了2020年封闭期间和2021年动物园重新开放后，黑猩猩行为的不同，并得出相应结论。故选B。

Many Chinese people used to greet each other with “Have you had your meal?” to show their friendliness. Recently, a new greeting has appeared in many Chinese cities, namely “Have you lost weight?”
In recent years, food-delivery services have been growing and Chinese people can easily get access to foods from all over the world. But people are paying more and more attention to their health. On food-delivery platforms, meal replacement and food labeled with “low calories” and “light food” are becoming popular. More people are becoming familiar with various terms, such as “zero sugar” and “low-calorie Fast Diet plan.”
“I used to eat a lot of unhealthy food, which brought me much trouble,” Chen Xin, a programmer in Hangzhou said. “Following instructions from my nutritionist, I can feel that my body is in good condition again.”
As the quality of life for most has greatly improved over the past decades, most people no longer need to worry about whether they have enough food, but rather whether they have a healthy diet. According to statistics from global market research firm Euromonitor International, the global meal replacement market reached $66.16 billion in 2017, of which the Chinese market contributed about $8.45 billion. The number is expected to double in 2022.
Despite healthier diets, many people believe, to lose weight, exercise is also of vital importance. Besides training in the gym, many people choose to take fitness equipment home. Over the past two years, the online consumption of fitness equipment has increased greatly, particularly among women who attach great importance to body management. Many people even like to run marathons. In China’s major cities, holding marathons has become a fashion. 1,828 marathons were held nationwide in 2019, with 7.12 million participants.
According to Wang Hufeng, a professor at the Renmin University of China, health is a major issue of concern for the Chinese people and health is becoming a huge industry. “Health is an important indicator of a state’s soft power, and the improvement of overall health conditions can have a positive impact on economic development,” Wang said.
100．What can we know about the change of people’s greeting?
A．People become friendlier to others. B．People care less about their meals.
C．People show greater concern on health. D．People prefer a more direct manner.
101．The statistics in paragraph 4 indicate that .
A．China has greater buying power in food
B．food trading in China is expected to grow in 2022
C．Chinese people are more willing to spend on food
D．Chinese people are changing their food choice greatly
102．What can we infer from Professor Wang?
A．Health plays an important role in society.
B．Food safety should be stressed in the future.
C．China’s economy depends on health industry.
D．Government should develop health care industry.
103．What is the text mainly about?
A．A food market study. B．A trend in lifestyle.
C．Enthusiasm about exercise. D．Benefits of healthy diet.

【答案】100．C    101．D    102．A    103．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了中国人如今越来越重视自己的健康了，分析了产生这一现象的原因以及专家对此的看法。
100．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Recently, a new greeting has emerged in many Chinese cities, namely “Have you lost weight?”(最近，在中国许多城市出现了一种新的问候语，那就是“你减肥了吗?”)”以及第二段中“But people are paying more and more attention totheir health.(但是人们越来越重视自己的健康)”可知，从人们问候语的变化，我们可以了解到人们更加关注健康。故选C项。。
101．推理判断题。根据第四段中“As the quality of life for most has greatly improved over the past decades, most people no longer need to worry about whether they have enough food, but rather whether they have a healthy diet. According to statistics from global market research firm Euromonitor International, the global meal replacement market reached $66.16 billion in 2017, of which the Chinese market contributed about $8.45 billion. The number is expected to double in 2022.(在过去的几十年里，大多数人的生活质量有了很大的提高，大多数人不再需要担心他们是否有足够的食物，而是他们是否有一个健康的饮食。根据全球市场研究公司欧睿信息咨询(Euromonitor International)的统计数据，2017年全球代餐市场规模达到661.6亿美元，其中中国市场贡献了约84.5亿美元。预计到2022年，这一数字将翻一番)”可知，大多数人不再需要担心他们是否有足够的食物，而是他们是否有一个健康的饮食，所以第四段中的统计数字表明中国人正在极大地改变他们的食物选择。故选D项。
102．推理判断题。根据最后一段中““Health is an important indicator of a state 's soft power, and the improvement of overall health conditions can have a positive impact on economic development,”Wang said.(“健康是一个国家软实力的重要指标，整体健康状况的改善可以对经济发展产生积极影响”王说)”可推知，健康在社会中起着重要作用。故选A项。
103．主旨大意题。根据第二段中“In recent years, food-delivery services have been growing and Chinese people can easily get access to foods from all over the world. But people are paying more and more attention to their health.(近年来，外卖服务不断发展，中国人可以很容易地获得来自世界各地的食物。但是人们越来越重视他们的健康)”以及第四段“As the quality of life for most has greatly improved over the past decades, most people no longer need to worry about whether they have enough food, but rather whether they have a healthy diet.(在过去的几十年里，大多数人的生活质量有了很大的提高，大多数人不再需要担心他们是否有足够的食物，而是他们是否有一个健康的饮食)”和倒数第二段中“Despite healthier diets, many people believe, to lose weight, exercise is also of vital importance. Besides training in the gym, many people choose to take fitness equipment home. Over the past two years, the online consumption of fitness equipment has increased greatly, particularly among women who attach great importance to body management.(除了更健康的饮食，许多人相信，要减肥，运动也至关重要。除了在健身房训练，许多人选择把健身器材带回家。近两年来，网上健身器材的消费大幅增长，尤其在重视身体管理的女性群体中)”可知，本文主要讲述了中国人现在越来越注重健康饮食和锻炼，追求一种健康的生活方式，所以本文主要是讲一种生活方式的趋势。故选B项。

Technology use seems to be the new wave of addiction hitting people of all ages. The next time you’re in a crowded public place, look at the people around you. It’s hard to find someone who isn’t glued to the tiny screen, fingers moving at lightning speeds, texting their friends, emailing co-workers or listening to music. It may seem ridiculous (荒谬的) that someone is that addicted to such a small object. I’ve seen people who seem to be at their wits’ end if their phone has been taken away, lost or left at home.
Some people may ask, “What’s wrong with technology use? It’s a way for people to communicate.” While this is true, the overuse of technology isn’t always suitable in certain settings. Schools are becoming stricter about the use of mobile phones, iPods and other electronics in classrooms. Various workplaces have signs hanging on their walls warning employees that “Mobile phone use is not permitted.”
Electronics may be a way for people to communicate and stay in touch with each other, but the disadvantages may outweigh the benefits. People are losing the ability to hold face-to-face conversations with others.
However, it’s hard to avoid electronics in this day and age because almost everything is turning into an electronic format. Books, originally meant for paper design, are now being transferred (转存) to electronic forms. Photo albums, and even yearbooks, can now be viewed via the Internet. With this growing trend (趋势), future generations certainly become even more addicted to technology.
Is there a cure for electronic addiction? Simply turning electronics off for an hour or two a day may help to an extent, but it will not completely overcome electronic addiction. There only seems to be one cure left, and it may be the hardest: self-control.
104．What phenomenon is described in the first paragraph?
A．Addiction to smart phones. B．The popularity of smart phones.
C．Bad behaviors in public places. D．Changes brought by technology.
105．What does the underlined phrase “at their wits’ end” in paragraph I probably mean?
A．At a disadvantage. B．At a loss. C．Out of the way. D．Out of control.
106．What is Paragraph 4 mainly about?
A．The benefits of smart phones. B．The future trend of smart phones.
C．Reasons for technology addiction. D．The negative impacts of smart phone addiction.
107．What advice does the author give in the text?
A．Focus on other activities. B．Stay away from smart phones.
C．Develop and improve self-control. D．Change the habits of smart phone use.

【答案】104．A    105．B    106．B    107．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人们沉迷于智能手机的现象。
104．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“It’s hard to find someone who isn’t glued to the tiny screen, fingers moving at lightning speeds, texting their friends, emailing co-workers or listening to music. It may seem ridiculous (荒谬的) that someone is that addicted to such a small object. (很难找到一个不粘在小屏幕上、手指以闪电般的速度移动、给朋友发短信、给同事发邮件或听音乐的人。有人对这么小的东西如此上瘾，这似乎很荒谬)”可知，第一段描述了智能手机成瘾现象。故选A项。
105．词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“It’s hard to find someone who isn’t glued to the tiny screen, fingers moving at lightning speeds, texting their friends, emailing co-workers or listening to music. It may seem ridiculous (荒谬的) that someone is that addicted to such a small object. (很难找到一个不粘在小屏幕上、手指以闪电般的速度移动、给朋友发短信、给同事发邮件或听音乐的人。有人对这么小的东西如此上瘾，这似乎很荒谬)”可知，人们对智能手机很上瘾。再根据下文“if their phone has been taken away, lost or left at home.(如果他们的手机被拿走、丢失或丢在家里)”可知，人们手机成瘾，如果手机被拿走、丢失或丢在家里，人们就会不知所措。由此推知，划线部分at their wits’ end与at a loss(不知所措)意思接近。故选B项。
106．主旨大意题。根据第四段“However, it’s hard to avoid electronics in this day and age because almost everything is turning into an electronic format. Books, originally meant for paper design, are now being transferred (转存) to electronic forms. Photo albums, and even yearbooks, can now be viewed via the Internet. With this growing trend (趋势), future generations certainly become even more addicted to technology.(然而，在这个时代很难避免电子产品，因为几乎所有东西都在变成电子格式。原本用于纸面设计的书籍，现在正转变为电子形式。相册，甚至年鉴现在都可以通过互联网浏览。随着这一趋势的发展，未来的几代人肯定会更加沉迷于科技)”可知，第四段主要是关于智能手机的未来趋势。故选B项。
107．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Is there a cure for electronic addiction? Simply turning electronics off for an hour or two a day may help to an extent, but it will not completely overcome electronic addiction. There only seems to be one cure left, and it may be the hardest: self-control.(有治疗电子成瘾的方法吗?简单地每天关掉电子设备一两个小时可能会在一定程度上有所帮助，但它不会完全克服电子成瘾。似乎只有一种治疗方法，而且可能是最难的：自我控制)”可知，关于治疗手机上瘾，作者在文中给出的建议是发展和提高自我控制能力。故选C项。

When no one else was able to save a drowning (溺水的) 34-year-old man, a boy weighing only 80 pounds quickly became his hero.
11-year-old Adam was hanging out at the pool of his apartment building with his family when the man sank (下沉) to the bottom of the deep end, his arms spread out and his eyes wide from eight feet down in the water.
Surprisingly, Adam was the only one at the pool who could swim at the time. Before his family had moved to St. Paul, Minnesota three years ago, his parents had never had the ability to take swimming lessons. Luckily, they believed that Adam should have a few swimming lessons. “Some survival skills are a must,” his father said.
When trouble struck in the pool, however, Adam’s father had tried to help the man from a swim ring, but he couldn’t reach the man’s hand. Then, Adam jumped into the pool.
Despite the man weighing almost 100 pounds heavier than the boy, Adam successfully managed to pull the man up to the surface and get him out of the pool. Though Adam’s uncle had never received CPR training, he started CPR on the man based on what he had seen in movies and television.
A few minutes later, the man started to move his hands. Doctors then arrived and took the man to the hospital where he has since made a full recovery (恢复). The man stopped by the boy’s house later the very same week to thank him for saving his life.
“It’s simply wonderful,” said Adam’s uncle. “If he had not been there, I don’t know. I’m sure it would not be a happy ending.” Adam’s father also says that he plans on taking swimming lessons with his son in the near future.
108．Why was Adam sent to take swimming lessons?
A．To build up his body. B．To save other people’s life.
C．To keep a healthy weight. D．To keep himself safe in the water.
109．What did his father do before Adam jumped into the pool?
A．He sent for doctors. B．He called others for help.
C．He asked Adam to save the man. D．He tried to save the man by himself.
110．What happened to the man after he was pulled out of the pool?
A．He thanked Adam. B．Doctors operated on him.
C．He was sent to hospital at once. D．Adam’s uncle gave him first aid.
111．Which word can best describe Adam?
A．Brave. B．Polite. C．Clever. D．Proud.

【答案】108．D    109．D    110．D    111．A
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了11岁只有80磅重的亚当救了34岁溺水男士的故事。
108．细节理解题。根据文章第三段内容“Luckily, they believed that Adam should have a few swimming lessons. ‘Some survival skills are a must,’ his father said.(幸运的是，他们认为亚当应该上几节游泳课。“一些生存技能是必须的，”他的父亲说。)”可知，亚当的父亲认为一些生存技能是必须的，而游泳是生存技能之一，因此，亚当应该上游泳课以保障他在水里的安全。故选D项。
109．细节理解题。根据文章第四段内容“When trouble struck in the pool, however, Adam’s father had tried to help the man from a swim ring, but he couldn’t reach the man’s hand.(然而，当麻烦在游泳池里发生时，亚当的父亲试图用游泳圈帮助这个人，但他够不到他的手。)”可知，亚当入水前，亚当的父亲想用游泳圈帮助这个溺水的人。故选D项。
110．细节理解题。根据文章第五段内容“…Adam successfully managed to pull the man up to the surface and get him out of the pool. Though Adam’s uncle had never received CPR training, he started CPR on the man based on what he had seen in movies and television.(……亚当成功地把那个人拉上了水面，把他从泳池里救了出来。尽管亚当的叔叔从未接受过心肺复苏术训练，但他根据在电影和电视中看到的情景，开始对这个男士进行心肺复苏急救。)”可知，被亚当救上岸后，亚当的叔叔给这个人做了心脏复苏急救。故选D项。
111．推理判断题。根据文章首段内容“When no one else was able to save a drowning 34-year-old man, a boy weighing only 80 pounds quickly became his hero.(当没有人能救下一个溺水的34岁男子时，一个只有80磅重的男孩迅速成为了他的英雄。)”可知，亚当只有11岁，80磅重，却救了34岁的男士，这说明他是勇敢的。故选A项。

Over the last 25 years, British society has changed a great deal. In some ways, however, very little has changed. Ideas about social class whether a person is “working-class” or “middle-class” are one area in which changes have been extremely slow.
In the past, the working-class tended to be paid less than middle-class people, such as teachers and doctors. As a result of this and also of the fact that workers’ jobs were generally much less secure, distinct differences in life-styles and attitudes came into existence. The typical working man would collect his wages on Friday evening and then give them to his wife, leaving a little for drinking or betting.
The type of what a middle-class man did with his money was perhaps nearer the truth. He was and still is likely to take a longer-term view. Not only did he regard buying a house to provide him and his family with security. Only in very few cases did workers have the opportunity (or the education and training) to make such long-term plans.
Nowadays, much has changed. In a large number of cases factory workers earn as much. Social security and laws have made it less necessary than before to worry about “tomorrow”. Working-class people seem slowly to be losing the feeling of inferiority (自卑感) they had in the past. In fact there has been a growing tendency in the past few years for the middle-classes to feel slightly ashamed of their position.
The changes in both life-styles and attitudes are probably most easily seen among younger people. They generally tend to share very similar tastes in music and clothes. They spend their money enjoying themselves, and save for holidays or longer-term plans when necessary. There seems to be much less difference than in previous generations. Nevertheless, we still have a wide gap between the well-paid and the low-paid. As long as this gap exists, there will always be a possibility that new problems will appear between different groups.
112．Which of the following is seen as the main cause of class differences in the past?
A．Life style and occupation. B．Attitude and income.
C．Income and job security. D．Job security and hobbies.
113．The writer seems to suggest that _______.
A．the description of middle-class ways of spending money is quite real
B．working-class ways of spending the weekend remain the same
C．working-class drinking habits differ from the past
D．middle-class attitudes towards their positions have changed greatly
114．According to the passage, what was the typical feature of the middle-class in the past?
A．They had to save money for security.
B．They couldn’t make long-term plans.
C．They could make as much money as they do now.
D．They didn’t have the sense of inferiority.
115．Working-class people’s sense of security has increased as a result of all the following factors EXCEPT that _______.
A．they are provided with social security
B．they can get much income
C．better jobs are available for all of them
D．the government offers legal protection
116．Which of the following statements is incorrect?
A．Changes are slowly taking place in all aspects of the British society.
B．The difference between working-class and middle-class young people is narrowing.
C．The gap in income between the two classes will still remain.
D．Middle-class people may sometimes feel a little inferior.

【答案】112．C    113．A    114．D    115．C    116．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述的是在过去的25年里，英国社会发生了很大的变化。然而，关于一个人是“工人阶级”还是“中产阶级”的社会阶层观念却几乎没有发生变化。
112．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“In the past, the working-class tended to be paid less than middle-class people, such as teachers and doctors. As a result of this and also of the fact that workers’ jobs were generally much less secure, distinct differences in life-styles and attitudes came into existence.(在过去，工人阶级的收入往往低于中产阶级，如教师和医生。由于这一点，也由于工人的工作普遍缺乏保障，生活方式和态度出现了明显的差异。)”可知收入和稳定性被看做是阶级不同的主要原因。故选C项。
113．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“The type of what a middle-class man did with his money was perhaps nearer the truth. He was and still is likely to take a longer-term view. Not only did he regard buying a house to provide him and his family with security.(中产阶级的人是如何处理他的钱的也许更接近事实。他过去和现在都很可能有更长远的眼光。他认为买房子不仅是为了给他和他的家人提供保障。)”可知中产阶级处理钱财的方式在过去和现在没有区别，所以作者在向我们表明文章对于中产阶级花钱方式的描述是相当真实的。故选A项。
114．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“In fact there has been a growing tendency in the past few years for the middle-classes to feel slightly ashamed of their position.(事实上，在过去几年里，中产阶级对自己的地位感到有点羞愧的趋势越来越大。)”可知中产阶级现在对自己的地位有时会感到自卑，所以可以推断在过去中产阶级的典型特点是他们对于自己没有自卑感。故选D项。
115．细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“Nowadays, much has changed. In a large number of cases factory workers earn as much. Social security and laws have made it less necessary than before to worry about “tomorrow”. Working-class people seem slowly to be losing the feeling of inferiority (自卑感) they had in the past.(如今，情况发生了很大变化。在很多情况下，工厂工人的收入和中产阶级一样多。社会保障和法律使人们不再像以前那样担心“明天”。工人阶级似乎正在失去他们以往的自卑感。)”可知收入的增加，法律保障以及社会保障的提供都让工人阶级的安全感增加了，而C项的better jobs are available for all of them文章中没有提到。故选C项。
116．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“In fact there has been a growing tendency in the past few years for the middle-classes to feel slightly ashamed of their position.(事实上，在过去几年里，中产阶级对自己的地位感到有点羞愧的趋势越来越大。)”可知中产阶级有时会感到自卑，依据最后一段“The changes in both life-styles and attitudes are probably most easily seen among younger people. They generally tend to share very similar tastes in music and clothes. They spend their money enjoying themselves, and save for holidays or longer-term plans when necessary. There seems to be much less difference than in previous generations. Nevertheless, we still have a wide gap between the well-paid and the low-paid.(生活方式和态度的变化可能在年轻人中最为明显。他们通常在音乐和服装方面有着非常相似的品味。他们把钱花在享受上，并在必要时为度假或长期计划攒钱。与前几代人相比，现在的差异似乎要小得多。然而，我们在高收入和低收入之间仍然有很大的差距。)”可知工薪阶层和中产阶级年轻人之间的差距正在缩小，但是两个阶级之间的收入差距仍然存在，依据第一段“Over the last 25 years, British society has changed a great deal. In some ways, however, very little has changed. Ideas about social class whether a person is “working-class” or “middle-class” are one area in which changes have been extremely slow.(在过去的25年里，英国社会发生了很大的变化。然而，在某些方面，几乎没有什么改变。关于一个人是“工人阶级”还是“中产阶级”的社会阶层观念是一个变化极其缓慢的领域。)”可知在英国社会阶层观念几乎没有发生改变，所以选项A Changes are slowly taking place in all aspects of the British society.不正确。故选A项。

The tornadoes that recently hit the U.S. are some of the most destructive and deadly in history. The death in Kentucky, the hardest stricken state, reached 80 on Monday, with dozens still not included. The scale of destruction and timing of the tornadoes so late in the year — most tornadoes happen in the spring and summer — is leading to discussion about how climate change may have affected this deadly disaster.
“In my 40 years as a meteorologist (气象学家), this was one of the most shocking weather events I’ve ever experienced,” says Jeff Masters, at Yale Climate Connections. “Watching these storms on Friday night, my thought was, ‘Is no season safe?’ Extreme tornadoes in December. That was mind blowing to me.”
Unlike heat waves and floods, the connection between a warming world and tornadoes is complex (复杂的) and uncertain. Scientists have several ideas about how tornado behavior may change. Tornadoes in December are possible. But it remains to be seen whether climate change will strengthen or increase the frequency (频率) of tornadoes.
According to NOAA’s data, there has been a recorded increase in the number of observed tornadoes since 1950, which experts believe is largely because of better technology such as Doppler radar. There’s been no observed increase in the frequency of major tornadoes over time. For example, 59 of the most serious F5 tornadoes in the U.S. have happened since 1950. But if the storm that destroyed Kentucky turns out to have been an F5, it will have been the first since 2013 — bringing to an end the longest recorded period so far.
However, “given the general influence of global warming on the atmosphere, it makes sense that it should be having an effect on tornadoes too,” says Victor Gensini, an extreme weather expert at Northern Illinois University. “Rather than asking: ‘Did climate change cause this tornado?’, it’s better to operate under the thought that climate change did play a role,” he says.
While the science on climate change and tornadoes isn’t clear, meteorologists are predicting conditions benefiting tornadoes will continue this month. “ To be honest, I’m worried about the rest of the year. I don’t think we’re out of the woods yet.” Gensini says.
117．What is one difference between the recent tornadoes and the ones in the past?
A．They caused no deaths. B．They happened in December.
C．They hit only Kentucky. D．They caught people unprepared.
118．What can be inferred in paragraph 3?
A．Waves and floods often follow tornadoes.
B．There is an agreement on how tornadoes may change.
C．Climate change will make tornadoes the most deadly disaster.
D．Scientists are unsure about how climate change influences tornadoes.
119．Which of the following statement may Victor Gensini agree with?
A．The tornadoes have nothing to do with climate warming.
B．The science on climate change is advancing very quickly.
C．The climate change most likely has an effect on tornadoes.
D．The climate change will make tornadoes much less frequent.
120．What does the underlined phrase “out of the woods” mean in the last paragraph?
A．Out of date. B．Out of order.
C．Out of danger. D．Out of control.

【答案】117．B    118．D    119．C    120．C
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了美国最近遭受了历史上最具破坏性和致命性的龙卷风的袭击，专家认为美国近年来频发的龙卷风可能与气候变化相关。
117．细节理解题。根据第一段“The scale of destruction and timing of the tornadoes so late in the year — most tornadoes happen in the spring and summer (今年晚些时候龙卷风的破坏规模和发生时间——大多数龙卷风发生在春季和夏季)”和第二段“‘Watching these storms on Friday night, my thought was, ‘Is no season safe?’ Extreme tornadoes in December. That was mind blowing to me.’(“周五晚上看到这些风暴，我的想法是，‘没有安全的季节了吗？’12月的极端龙卷风。这让我大吃一惊。”)”可知，过去龙卷风发生在春季和夏季，而最近的龙卷风发生在12月。故选B。
118．推理判断题。根据第三段“Scientists have several ideas about how tornado behavior may change. (科学家们对龙卷风轨迹可能如何改变有几种想法。)”和“But it remains to be seen whether climate change will strengthen or increase the frequency of tornadoes. (但气候变化是否会加强或增加龙卷风的频率还有待观察。)”可得出，科学家对龙卷风轨迹怎样变化没有定论，不确定气候变化如何影响龙卷风。故选D。
119．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“However, “given the general influence of global warming on the atmosphere, it makes sense that it should be having an effect on tornadoes too,” says Victor Gensini, an extreme weather expert at Northern Illinois University. “Rather than asking: ‘Did climate change cause this tornado?’, it’s better to operate under the thought that climate change did play a role,” he says. (然而，北伊利诺伊大学极端天气专家维克多·根西尼说，“考虑到全球变暖对大气的普遍影响，全球变暖也应该对龙卷风产生影响是有道理的。” “与其问：‘气候变化导致了这次龙卷风吗？’不如假设气候变化确实起了作用，”他说。)”可知， Victor Gensini认为气候变化很可能对龙卷风产生影响。故选C。
120．词句猜测题。根据最后一段“While the science on climate change and tornadoes isn’t clear, meteorologists are predicting conditions benefiting tornadoes will continue this month. “To be honest, I’m worried about the rest of the year to be honest. I don’t think we’re out of the woods yet.” Gensini says. (虽然气候变化和龙卷风的科学研究尚不清楚，但气象学家预测，本月有利于龙卷风的条件将继续存在。“老实说，我担心今年剩下的时间。我认为我们还未out of the woods。”根西尼说。)”可知，本月可能还会发生龙卷风，Gensini很担心，觉得人们还未摆脱龙卷风的危险，out of the woods在此处意为“out of danger (脱离危险)”。故选C。

Parents can cut the chances of their children getting fat simply by keeping them longer at table. Just three extra minutes at a family mealtime could help avoid child fatness. Research found that the reasons might lie in communication and the importance of a scheduled mealtime.
Dr.Barbara Fiese said, “ Children, whose families have a 20­minute meal over four times a week, weigh less than kids who leave the table after 15 to 17 minutes. Over time, those extra minutes per meal add up and become really powerful.”
Researchers studied 200 family mealtimes, testing the influences of mealtime behavior of families with children in primary school. They found that families, who said that shared mealtimes were an important part of family life and had special meaning for them, were less likely to have fat children. Similarly, families, who talked more together and communicated more positively during the meal, were more likely to have healthy­weight children.
Teaching families how to make the most of family mealtimes was a wise idea. Dr. Fiese said, “ This is something we can target and teach.” She added. “It’s also important to recognize the increasing differences of families and their sometimes complex living schedules that may challenge their abilities to plan ahead and set some time to communicate with each other.”
Families in poorer US neighborhoods faced a lot of problems, including poor chances of getting healthy food. But even so, regular high quality family mealtimes made a difference to the children’s weight. Dr. Fiese said, “Three to four extra minutes per meal will make a healthy weight more possible.”
121．How long is reasonable for a family mealtime according to the text?
A．About 10 minutes.
B．About 15 minutes.
C．About 17 minutes.
D．About 20 minutes.
122．What does the author want to tell us in Paragraph 3?
A．The result of a study.
B．Different eating habits.
C．Causes of child fatness.
D．The importance of normal eating.
123．What is the advantage of a longer family mealtime?
A．Children can enjoy their meals better.
B．Children can have a good rest while eating.
C．Children can communicate more during the time.
D．Children can have more time to choose what they like.
124．What can be the best title of the text?
A．Mealtime Talk Helps Lose Weight.
B．Poorer Families Have Thinner Kids.
C．Healthy Food Makes Normal Weight.
D．Longer Family Mealtime Help Child Fatness.

【答案】121．D    122．A    123．C    124．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了吃饭的用时问题。现在越来越多的孩子有肥胖的情况，家长们应该给孩子们更多的时间吃饭，那样可以帮助咀嚼和消化，才不会肥胖。
121．细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Dr Barbara Fiese said, “Children, whose families have a 20-minute meal over four times a week, weigh lighter than kids who leave the table after15 to 17 minutes.(芭芭拉•菲斯博士说：“孩子们的家人每周吃4次20分钟的饭，比15到17分钟后离开餐桌的孩子体重轻。)”可知，对于家庭就餐来说20分钟的时间是合情合理的。故选D。
122．段落大意题。根据第三段第一句“Researchers studied 200 family mealtimes, testing the influences of mealtime habits of families with children in primary school.(研究人员研究了200个家庭用餐时间，测试了小学有孩子的家庭用餐习惯的影响。)”可知，这段作者想要向我们展示一下一项研究结果。故选A。
123．细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“Similarly, families, who talked more together and communicated more positively during the meal, were more likely to have healthy-weight children.(同样地，那些在吃饭时更愿意交谈、交流更积极的家庭，更有可能有健康的体重孩子。)”可知，较长的用餐时间有利于多与孩子交流。故选C。
124．主旨大意题。根据第一段第一句“Parents can cut the chances of their children getting fat simply by keeping them longer at table.(父母只要让孩子长时间坐在餐桌上，就可以减少他们发胖的机会。)”及全文可知，这篇文章主要讲的是更长的家庭用餐时间有助于防止儿童肥胖。所以“Longer Family Mealtime Help Child Fatness.(延长家庭用餐时间有助于儿童肥胖。)”符合上下文语境。故选D。

On October 27, 2021, my friend and I boarded the first flight of our journey from Vancouver Island, to Peru, South America.
Twenty-four hours and four airports later we landed in Cusco, Peru, a city of one million people. Coming from Vancouver Island with only 100 feet above sea level, we knew that we were now at a much higher altitude (海拔) - over 11,000 feet- and needed time to get used to the scarcer oxygen (缺氧) levels! We followed the advice of other travelers and the locals: drink lots of coca leaf tea and rest for a couple of hours before any activity.
We were soon hiking through the ruins and surrounding ancient castles of Cusco. Leaving Cusco the next day, we stopped at the Moray Ruins, which were used for farming by the Incas. Their size and unique design should be considered a lesson in historical engineering skills. This Inca site is one of the least known tourist destinations, but it’s one of the most interesting places to visit.
Arriving in the beautiful Sacred Valley, we stayed at Willka T’ika for the next week. This place is wonderful. We enjoyed delicious vegetarian meals, all made with local produce by loving Quechua people.
You can’t go to Peru without visiting historic Machu Picchu. The “road” up to the ruins is made up of an endless series of switchbacks (急转弯), resulting in cold sweats. It was worth the ride, though.
It was too soon before we were leaving Peru. We learned the unique history of Inca, Quechua culture, and the farming methods still widely practiced. The best thing we took away returning home to Vancouver Island was how simple and caring the people are and how deeply they love the earth and everyone they meet.
125．Why did the author drink lots of coca leaf tea?
A．To have a good rest.
B．To follow the local culture.
C．To feel better at a greater height.
D．To avoid getting thirsty on the way.
126．What does the author think of the Moray Ruins?
A．They’re no longer used for farming.
B．They’re known to most travel lovers.
C．They’re not as interesting as expected.
D．They’re an example of creative engineering.
127．Which can best describe the author’s trip to Machu Picchu?
A．Dangerous and tiring.
B．Risky but worthwhile.
C．Enjoyable and interesting.
D．Comfortable and wonderful.
128．How does the author’s trip to Peru influence him?
A．It encourages him to be more caring.
B．It helps him understand his own culture.
C．It teaches him to accept all the differences.
D．It allows him to experience modern farming.

【答案】125．C    126．D    127．B    128．A
【导语】本文为一篇夹叙夹议文。文章介绍了作者和朋友的南美洲秘鲁之旅中的见闻感悟。
125．细节理解题。根据第二段“Coming from Vancouver Island with only 100 feet above sea level, we knew that we were now at a much higher altitude (海拔) — over 11,000 feet — and needed time to get used to the scarcer oxygen (缺氧) levels! We followed the advice of other travelers and the locals: drink lots of coca leaf tea and rest for a couple of hours before any activity. (来自海拔仅100英尺的温哥华岛，我们知道我们现在处于更高的海拔——超过11,000英尺——并且需要时间来适应更稀缺的氧气水平！我们遵循了其他旅行者和当地人的建议：喝大量的古柯叶茶，并在任何活动前休息几个小时)”可知，喝大量的古柯叶茶可以缓解高原反应。故选C。
126．推理判断题。根据第三段第二句“Leaving Cusco the next day, we stopped at the Moray Ruins, which were used for farming by the Incas. Their size and unique design should be considered a lesson in historical engineering skills. (第二天离开库斯科，我们在印加人用于耕种的海鳗遗址停留。它们的大小和独特的设计应该被视为历史工程技能的一课)”可知，海鳗遗址原来用于耕种，其设计很有意义，可称之为历史工程技能的一课，与D项“They’re an example of creative engineering. (它们是创造性工程的一个例子)”意思相符，故选D。
127．推理判断题。根据第五段“You can’t go to Peru without visiting historic Machu Picchu. The ‘road’ up to the ruins is made up of an endless series of switchbacks (急转弯), resulting in cold sweats. It was worth the ride, though. (去秘鲁一定要参观历史名胜Machu Picchu。通往废墟的‘路’是由无尽的急转弯组成的，会导致出一身冷汗。不过，这趟旅程是值得的)”可知，作者眼中的Machu Picchu之行会让你吓出一身冷汗，但是也很值得。故选B。
128．推理判断题。根据最后一段第三句“The best thing we took away returning home to Vancouver Island was how simple and caring the people are and how deeply they love the earth and everyone they meet. (回到温哥华岛，我们带走的最好的东西是人们是多么简单和关怀，以及他们多么热爱地球和他们遇到的每个人)”可知，这次秘鲁的旅行使作者感受到了那里的人们的简单和关怀，并鼓励他也变得更有爱心。故选A。

Wanting to lose weight or quit smoking are often resolutions made at the beginning of the New Year. Meg Baker, one University of Alabama at Birmingham wellness expert says there is a key ingredient to being successful health-wise in the coming year. About half of the most popular resolutions made each year are health-related, according to the United States government. In addition to losing weight and quitting smoking, they include eating healthier foods, getting fit, managing stress and drinking less alcohol.
Meg Baker says while the focus on self-improvement is good, an individual must be ready to make a change in order to actually do so. “Readiness to change is a big factor,” Baker said. “Based on the stages of the change model: precontemplation (unwilling to make a change), contemplation (considering a lifestyle change) and action, you have to want to change your lifestyle to successfully improve your health.”
Develop small, short-term goals that will fit into your schedule; these should be realistic. Consider the benefits and reasons for the change. Talk to a family member, friend or co-worker about goals, this accountability will increase the possibility of your staying committed to a new gym plan or quit-smoking play, and they may want to join you.
Baker says starting small increases the possibility of success. Find a form of exercise that you love, make small nutritional changes like packing a lunch or cooking dinner at home, and get digital reinforcements by using tracking systems and apps.
Additionally, Baker says, because so much time is spent at work, it is a good idea to consider signing up for workplace wellness programs, if offered. “Many companies want to see their employees thrive, so they will offer incentives to help them improve their health, like the My Health Rewards program we are starting at UAB,” Baker said. “Whether it is to improve your energy level, improve mood, combat health conditions and disease, or to be there for your kids, future, there’s always a reason that a resolution was made,” Baker said.
“So when the going gets tough, remind yourself of why you’re making a lifestyle change, and this will keep you motivated.” Also, consider modifications to the new plan if it isn’t viable. Baker said, “If the new plan proves it can’t be done, switch things up. Variety is the key to life and can keep you from getting burned out.”
129．What does the passage mainly tell us?
A．At the beginning of the New Year people want to lose weight.
B．At the beginning of the New Year people want to quit smoking.
C．Readiness to keep fit is the most popular New Year’s resolution.
D．Readiness to change is important to commit to the New Year’s resolutions.
130．We can know from the passage that ______.
A．if you develop small, short-term goals, you will succeed
B．people should not develop big, long-term goals
C．sharing goals with others can help people keep to their plans
D．the resolutions made at the beginning of the New Year are hard to achieve
131．What’s Baker’s attitude towards the My Health Rewards program?
A．Negative. B．Positive. C．Unconcerned. D．Doubtful.
132．The underlined word “viable” in the last paragraph can be replaced by ______.
A．practical B．detailed C．original D．perfect

【答案】129．D    130．C    131．B    132．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了美国每年做出的最受欢迎的决心中约有一半与健康有关，除了减肥和戒烟外，他们还包括吃更健康的食物，保持健康，控制压力和减少饮酒，但要实现健康生活的决心，你需要做好改变的准备，多样化是生活的关键，可以让你不至于筋疲力尽。
129．主旨大意题。阅读全文和第二段“Meg Baker says while the focus on self-improvement is good, an individual must be ready to make a change in order to actually do so. “Readiness to change is a big factor,” Baker said.(梅格·贝克说，虽然注重自我提升是好事，但个人必须做好改变的准备，才能真正做到这一点)”可知，美国每年做出的最受欢迎的决心中约有一半与健康有关，除了减肥和戒烟外，他们还包括吃更健康的食物，保持健康，控制压力和减少饮酒，但要实现健康生活的决心，你需要做好改变的准备，多样化是生活的关键，可以让你不至于筋疲力尽，即这篇文章主要告诉我们做好改变的准备对实现新年决心很重要。故选D。
130．细节理解题。根据第三段“Talk to a family member, friend or co-worker about goals, this accountability will increase the possibility of your staying committed to a new gym plan or quit-smoking play, and they may want to join you.(和家人、朋友或同事谈谈你的目标，这种责任感会增加你坚持一个新的健身计划或戒烟游戏的可能性，他们可能会想要加入你)”可知，与他人共享目标可以帮助人们遵守计划。故选C。
131．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段““Whether it is to improve your energy level, improve mood, combat health conditions and disease, or to be there for your kids, future, there’s always a reason that a resolution was made,” Baker said.(贝克说：“无论是为了提高你的能量水平、改善情绪、对抗健康状况和疾病，还是为了你的孩子和未来，制定一个决心总是有原因的。”)”可推知，贝克对我的健康奖励计划持积极的态度。故选B。
132．词句猜测题。根据最后一段画线词上文“Also, consider modifications to the new plan if it isn’t viable.(此外，如果新计划不viable，请考虑对其进行修改)”可知，只有新计划行不通才需要进行修改。故画线词意为“可行的”。故选A。

Record fires sweeping across the Amazon this month have been catching global headlines as scientists and environmental groups are worried that they will worsen climate change and do damage to biodiversity (生物多样性).
As the largest rainforest in the world, the Amazon is often called “the lungs of the world”. It is also home to about 3 million species of plants and animals, and I million local people. The huge lands of rainforest play an important role in the world’s ecosystem because they take in heat instead of it being reflected back into the atmosphere (大气层). They also store carbon dioxide (二氧化碳) and produce oxygen, making sure that less carbon is given off, mitigating the effects of climate change.
“Any forest destruction is a harm to biodiversity and the people who use that biodiversity.” Thomas Lovejoy, an ecologist at George Mason University told National Geographic. The shocking result is that a lot of carbon goes into the atmosphere.” he stressed. “Facing the global climate change, we cannot afford more damage to a major source of oxygen and biodiversity. The Amazon must be protected,” UN Secretary General Antonio Guterres said.
Data from the National Institute for Space Research (INPE) show that the number of forest fires in Brazil quickly increased by 82 percent from January to August this year from a year ago. A total of 71,497 forest fires were recorded in the country in the first eight months of 2019, up from 39,194 in the same period in 2018. INPE said. “It’s reported that the forest areas in the Brazilian Amazon have decreased something between 20 and 30 percent compared to the last 12 months,” Carlos Nobre, a researcher at the University of Sao Paulo, told German broadcaster Deutsche Welle.
Brazil owns about 60 percent of the Amazon rainforest, whose drop could have severe results for global climate and rainfall. The size of the area ruined by fires has yet to be determined. but the emergency has spread over Brazil’s borders, reaching Peruvian, Paraguayan and Bolivian areas.
133．What is the second paragraph mainly talking about?
A．The effects of climate change. B．The role of the Amazon rainforest.
C．The results of the Amazon rainforest fires. D．The causes of the decreasing biodiversity.
134．Which of the following best explains “mitigating” underlined in Paragraph 2?
A．Reducing. B．Causing. C．Worsening. D．Strengthening.
135．What can we learn from Thomas’ and Antonio’s words?
A．The biodiversity makes the rainforests unique.
B．The rainforest fires give rise to serious effects.
C．The global climate crisis brings more rainforest fires.
D．The dry weather leads to the rainforest fires.
136．Which section of a magazine is this text probably taken from?
A．Sports and music. B．Science and technology.
C．Nature and geography. D．Business and culture.

【答案】133．B    134．A    135．B    136．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了横扫亚马逊的创纪录大火成为全球媒体关注的焦点，科学家和环保组织担心大火会加剧气候变化，威胁生物多样性。
133．段落大意题。根据第二段首句“As the largest rainforest in the world, the Amazon is often called “the lungs of the world”. (作为世界上最大的雨林，亚马逊雨林常被称为“世界之肺”。)”可知，亚马逊雨林作为世界上最大的雨林，充当着“世界之肺”的重要角色。故选B。
134．词义猜测题。根据文章第二段末句“They also store carbon dioxide (二氧化碳) and produce oxygen, making sure that less carbon is given off, mitigating the effects of climate change. (它们还储存二氧化碳并产生氧气，以确保释放的碳更少,             气候变化的影响。)”可知，确保碳排放更少，会减轻气候变化的影响，所以画线词是“减轻、减缓”的意思。故选A。
135．推理判断题。根据第三段首句““Any forest destruction is a harm to biodiversity and the people who use that biodiversity.” Thomas Lovejoy, an ecologist at George Mason University told National Geographic. (“任何对森林的破坏都是对生物多样性和使用这种生物多样性的人的伤害。”乔治梅森大学的生态学家托马斯·洛夫乔伊告诉《国家地理》杂志。)”以及末句““Facing the global climate change, we cannot afford more damage to a major source of oxygen and biodiversity. The Amazon must be protected,” UN Secretary General Antonio Guterres said. (“面对全球气候变化，我们不能对氧气和生物多样性的主要来源造成更大的破坏。亚马逊必须得到保护，”联合国秘书长安东尼奥·古特雷斯说。)”可知，他们都在说明雨林大火的严重后果。故选B。
136．推理判断题。根据首段“Record fires sweeping across the Amazon this month have been catching global headlines as scientists and environmental groups are worried that they will worsen climate change and do damage to biodiversity (生物多样性). (本月横扫亚马逊的创纪录大火已经成为全球头条新闻，科学家和环保组织担心大火会加剧气候变化，破坏生物多样性。)”可知，本文主要介绍亚马逊雨林大火对气候变化以及生物多样性的影响，是关于自然和地理的话题。故选C。

When Kirk Alexander went missing for 11 days, an unlikely savior came to his rescue: his neighborhood pizza store.
Almost every night for more than ten years, Kirk Alexander, 48, of Salem, Oregon ordered a late dinner from his local Domino’s pizza store. He had no signature order. Sometimes he would call for a salad, sometimes a pie, sometimes chicken wings. The only sure thing for the staff of the Silverton Road Domino’s was that they would see Alexander’s name show up on their online ordering site sometime between 11 p. m. and midnight several times a week.
Until suddenly, for nearly two weeks at the end of April 2016, they didn’t.
It was a slow Saturday night on May 7th when Domino’s general manager Sarah Fuller felt she could no longer ignore Alexander’s recent absence.
“I went and looked up to see how long it had been since he last ordered.” Fuller told . “It was 11 days which was not like him at all.”
Fuller knew Alexander worked from home, and neighbors said he rarely left. She also knew that he had suffered some health issues in the past. Something, Fuller worried, was wrong.
Around 1 a.m. on Sunday, May 8. Fuller sent longtime delivery (快递) driver Tracey Hamblen to stop in at Alexander’s home. Hamblen arrived at Alexander’s door as he had countless times before and knocked. He could plainly see that Alexander’s TV set was on, as were his lights; but after several minutes, Alexander still didn’t answer the door.
Hamblen rushed back to the store to relay the upsetting developments to Fuller. She encouraged Hamblen to dial 911. Soon, officers were on their way.
When deputies from the Marion County Sheriff’s office arrived at Alexander’s house, they heard a man “calling for help from inside the residence, deputies said. They broke the door down, and found Alexander on the floor in need of immediate medical attention. One day later, and they might have been too late.
Alexander was rushed to Salem Hospital, where he was listed in stable condition shortly after the dramatic rescue. In the following weeks, Fuller, Hamblen, and other store employees went to visit him with flowers and cards, noting that Alexander greeted them with knowing smiles.
137．How did Fuller sense that something was wrong?
A．Alexander had suffered from serious health problems for 10 years.
B．Alexander hadn’t ordered chicken wings or salad for nearly 2 weeks.
C．Alexander had never before broken his routine in the store for 10 years.
D．Alexander had been absent from the ordering system for about 2 weeks.
138．What can you infer from the underlined sentence?
A．Hamblen was fond of knocking at Alexander’s door.
B．Hamblen was more than an acquaintance to Alexander.
C．Hamblen was frequently invited to visit Alexander.
D．Hamblen was specially assigned to send Alexander food.
139．In which column of a newspaper will you probably read this article?
A．Life. B．Technology. C．Healthy. D．Entertainment.
140．The saying we can learn from the story is ________.
A．Born to suffer, die in peace B．Details determine success or failure
C．Even the wise are not always free from error D．Better late than never

【答案】137．D    138．B    139．A    140．B
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了细心周到的外卖店经理通过观察到常客Kirk Alexander打破了每天订餐的习惯，派人上门了解情况，发现Kirk患病在家，及时报警，从而救了Kirk性命的经过。
137．细节理解题。由第二段中的“The only sure thing for the staff of the Silverton Road Domino’s was that they would see Alexander’s name show up on their online ordering site sometime between 11 p. m. and midnight several times a week. (对于Silverton Road Domino的员工来说，唯一可以肯定的是，他们每周会在晚上11点到午夜的某个时候看到Alexander的名字出现在他们的在线订购网站上好几次)”，第三段“Until suddenly, for nearly two weeks at the end of April 2016, they didn’t. (直到2016年4月底，在将近两周的时间里，他们都没有没看Alexander的名字)”和第五段““I went and looked up to see how long it had been since he last ordered.” Fuller told
138．推理判断题。由第二段中的“The only sure thing for the staff of the Silverton Road Domino’s was that they would see Alexander’s name show up on their online ordering site sometime between 11 p. m. and midnight several times a week. (对于Silverton Road Domino的员工来说，唯一可以肯定的是，他们每周会在晚上11点到午夜的某个时候看到Alexander的名字出现在他们的在线订购网站上好几次)”和第七段中的“Around 1 a.m. on Sunday, May 8. Fuller sent longtime delivery (快递) driver Tracey Hamblen to stop in at Alexander’s home. Hamblen arrived at Alexander’s door as he had countless times before and knocked. (5月8日星期日凌晨1点左右，Fuller派了长期送货司机Tracey Hamblen到亚历山大的家中停留。Hamblen像以前无数次一样，走近亚历山大的门，敲门)”可知，Alexander经常点外卖，而Tracey Hamblen是常常给他送东西的派送员，从画线句推断出为二人十分相熟。故选B项。
139．推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了细心周到的外卖店经理通过观察到常客Kirk Alexander打破了每天订餐的习惯，派人上门了解情况，发现Kirk患病在家，及时报警，从而救了Kirk性命的经过，本文属于生活故事，应该出现在报纸的“生活”栏目。故选A项。
140．推理判断题。由第四段“It was a slow Saturday night on May 7th when Domino’s general manager Sarah Fuller felt she could no longer ignore Alexander’s recent absence. (5月7日是一个缓慢的周六晚上，Domino的总经理Sarah Fuller觉得她再也不能忽视Alexander最近的缺席了)”可知，外卖店经理通过细心观察，察觉到了顾客Kirk点餐习惯发生的变化，最后救了Kirk的命，告诉了我们“细节决定成败”的道理。故选B项。

On Monday, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention predicted that 42% of Americans could be overweight by 2030. Our expanding waistlines lead to not only a medical problem, but according to a recent article In The New York Times, it could also affect personal safety in some situations-in an airplane crash, for example.
The New York Times’ Christen Negroni reports that engineers and scientists are questioning whether airplane seats are adequately constructed to protect overweight travelers. Government standards for airplane seat strength—first set more than 60 years ago—require that the seats be made for a passenger weighing 170 pounds (77kg). Today, the average American man weighs nearly 194 pounds (88kg) and the average woman 165 pounds (75kg).
Negroni reports:
“If a heavier person completely fills seat, the seat is not likely to behave as intended during a crash.” said Robert Salazar, the leading scientist at the Center for Applied Biomechanics at the University of Virginia. “The energy absorption that is built into the aircraft seat is likely to be overpowered and the passengers will not be protected properly.”
“Nor would the injury be limited to that passenger only,” Dr. Salzar said. “If a seat or a seat belt fails,” he said, “those people who are seated nearby could be endangered from ‘the uncontrolled movements of the passenger’.”
Most complaints about airplane seats focus on their lack of comfort and high ticket price, and whether overweight passengers should be made to buy two seats. But The New York Times’ article brings up another reason to feel anxious about flying. Investigators of the issue got in touch with the airplane seat and seat belt makers, but they refused to comment on the problem. Experts agreed that crash testing should be done with overweight dummies (人体模型). Both airplane seats and seat belts should be tested, they said.
Fortunately, however, according to Nora Marshall, a senior adviser at the National Transportation Safety Board, the board’s investigators have never seen an accident involving a commercial plane in which the weight of a passenger was a problem.
141．What is the article in The New York Times mainly concerned with?
A．The size of airplane seats and seat belts.
B．Safety of overweight airplane passengers.
C．Airplane crashes involving commercial planes.
D．A medical problem caused by being overweight.
142．Robert Salzar would probably agree that ________.
A．overweight passengers should buy two seats
B．the government should help produce safer planes
C．standards for airplane seat strength should be raised
D．passengers should know how to protect themselves
143．We can learn from the text that ________.
A．airplane seat makers have perfected their products
B．there are few complaints about airplane seats
C．those seated near the overweight may suffer too
D．many airplane accidents involve the overweight
144．What is the best title for the text?
A．Why Do Passengers Feel Anxious about Flying?
B．Will 42% of Americans Be Overweight by 2030?
C．When Will The Overweight Enjoy Their Flight?
D．Are Airplane Seats Safe Enough for The Overweight?

【答案】141．B    142．C    143．C    144．D
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论现在的飞机座位对于较胖的乘客是否足够安全。
141．细节理解题。根据第一段“On Monday, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention predicted that 42% of Americans could be overweight by 2030. Our expanding waistlines lead to not only a medical problem, but according to a recent article In The New York Times, it could also affect personal safety in some situations-in an airplane crash, for example. (周一，美国疾病控制和预防中心预测，到2030年，42%的美国人可能会过于肥胖。我们不断扩大的腰围不仅会导致医疗问题，而且根据《纽约时报》最近的一篇文章：在某些情况下，它还会影响人身安全——例如坠机。)”可知，在飞机上，乘客过胖会影响自身安全和引发飞机事故。故推知《纽约时报》最近的一篇文章担心飞机上过胖的乘客的安全。故选B。
142．推理判断题。根据Negroni reports部分““If a heavier person completely fills seat, the seat is not likely to behave as intended during a crash.” said Robert Salazar, the leading scientist at the Center for Applied Biomechanics at the University of Virginia. “The energy absorption that is built into the aircraft seat is likely to be overpowered and the passengers will not be protected properly.” (弗吉尼亚大学应用生物力学中心的首席科学家Robert Salazar说：“如果一个较重的人完全填满座位，那么座椅在碰撞过程中不太可能按预期表现。内置在飞机座椅上的能量吸收系统可能会难以承受，乘客将无法得到适当的保护。)”可知，乘客过胖，飞机座位难以承受过胖的乘客，无法保护他们。故推知Robert Salazar赞成应提高飞机座椅的强度标准，以承载过重的乘客。故选C。
143．细节理解题。根据第四段““Nor would the injury be limited to that passenger only,” Dr. Salzar said. “If a seat or a seat belt fails,” he said, “those people who are seated nearby could be endangered from ‘the uncontrolled movements of the passenger’.” (Salzar博士说：“伤害也不会仅限于那名乘客。如果座椅或安全带失效，坐在附近的乘客可能会受到‘不受自己控制的过胖乘客运动’的威胁。)”可知，那些坐在过胖乘客附近的人也可能受到影响。故选C。
144．主旨大意题。根据第三段““If a heavier person completely fills seat, the seat is not likely to behave as intended during a crash.” said Robert Salazar, the leading scientist at the Center for Applied Biomechanics at the University of Virginia. “The energy absorption that is built into the aircraft seat is likely to be overpowered and the passengers will not be protected properly.” (弗吉尼亚大学应用生物力学中心的首席科学家Robert Salazar说：“如果一个较重的人完全填满座位，那么座椅在碰撞过程中不太可能按预期表现。内置在飞机座椅上的能量吸收系统可能会难以承受，乘客将无法得到适当的保护。)”及第四段““Nor would the injury be limited to that passenger only,” Dr. Salzar said. “If a seat or a seat belt fails,” he said, “those people who are seated nearby could be endangered from ‘the uncontrolled movements of the passenger’.” (Salzar博士说：“伤害也不会仅限于那名乘客。如果座椅或安全带失效，坐在附近的乘客可能会受到‘不受自己控制的过胖乘客运动’的威胁。)”可知，飞机的座位不适合过胖的人，无法保护过胖的乘客并影响邻座乘客。故推知文章主要讨论飞机座位对超重者来说是否合适与安全。故推知文章标题是Are Airplane Seats Safe Enough for the Overweight? (飞机座位对超重者来说足够安全吗？)。故选D。

Everyone has a phone in their pocket nowadays, but how often do we really use them for their original purpose—to make a call? Telephone culture is disappearing. What brought us to this moment, and what are its effects?
“No one picks up the phone anymore,” wrote Alex C．Madrigal on The Atlantic. “The reflex (习惯性动作)of answering—20th-century telephonic culture—is gone.”
The shift is of course due in large part to more communication options: texting with photos, videos, emojis, reaction gifs, links and even voice messages can be a more attractive option.
Texting is light and fun, not nearly as demanding of your attention as a phone call. It can also be done with multiple people at the same time. Social media, email and video calls have also eaten away at traditional phone calls.
In recent years, another reason has caused people to ignore phone calls completely: robocalls. Robocalls are automate(自动化的) messages from organizations verifying (核实)your phone number or telemarketers trying to sell something. Americans received 22.8 billion robocalls halfway through 2020, equaling an annual rate of 45.6 billion, slightly below 2018 numbers, according to YouMail, a robocall protection service and blocking app.
As telephone culture disappears, what is the loss of a singular family phone doing to the family unit? Early landline phones unified family members, whereas mobile phones isolate(隔离) them.
“The shared family phone served as an anchor(精神支柱)for home,” said Luke Fernandez, a Weber State University computer-science professor and co-author of Bored, Lonely, Angry, Stupid: Feelings About Technology, From the Telegraph to Twitter. “With smart phones, we have gained mobility and privacy. But the value of the home has been diminished, as has its ability to guide and monitor family behavior and perhaps connect families more closely,” Fernandez said.
Of course, as technology progresses, lives always change for better or for worse. With the loss of telephone culture, families will need to find other ways to unite.
145．What has caused the traditional telephone to lose its attraction according to the text?
A．People’s wide range of communication choices.
B．People’s addiction to social media.
C．People’s growing need for privacy.
D．People’s preference for robocalls.
146．What can we infer from Fernandez’s remark?
A．Smart phones make families closer.
B．Smart phones help people monitor family behavior.
C．The use of mobile phone has affected family bonds.
D．The value of home depends on how phones are used.
147．What’s the author’s attitude to the effects of the disappearing telephone culture? ______
A．Uninterested. B．Objective. C．Positive. D．Disapproving.
148．What does the article mainly talk about?
A．The past and future of telephone.
B．The development of communication tools.
C．The downfall of traditional telephone culture.
D．The relation between phone use and family bonds.

【答案】145．A    146．C    147．B    148．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍传统电话文化衰落的原因和影响。
145．细节理解题。根据第三段“The shift is of course due in large part to more communication options: texting with photos, videos, emojis, reaction gifs, links and even voice messages can be a more attractive option.(这种转变很大程度上是由于更多的沟通选择:用照片发短信,视频，表情包，反应动图，链接，甚至语音信息可以是一个更有吸引力的选择)”可知，传统电话失去吸引力的原因是沟通的选择更多了。故选A。
146．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段Fernandez说的话“The shared family phone served as an anchor(精神支柱)for home,(共享的家庭电话充当家庭的精神支柱)”以及“With smart phones, we have gained mobility and privacy. But the value of the home has been diminished, as has its ability to guide and monitor family behavior and perhaps connect families more closely(有了智能手机，我们获得了流动性和隐私。但是家庭的价值已经被减弱了，它的指导和监督家庭行为的能力，也许还有使家庭更加紧密地联系在一起的能力也已经被削弱了)”可知，从Fernandez的话中我们可以推断出移动手机的使用会影响家庭关系。故选C。
147．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Of course, as technology progresses, lives always change for better or for worse. With the loss of telephone culture, families will need to find other ways to unite.(当然了，随着科技的进步，生活总是要么变得更好，要么更糟。随着电话文化的丧失，家庭需要找到其他的方式来团结起来)”可知，作者对传统电话文化的消失的态度是“客观的”。故选B。
148．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Telephone culture is disappearing. What brought us to this moment, and what are its effects?(传统电话文化正在消失。是什么让我们走到了这一步，会产生什么影响？)”可知，本文主要介绍传统电话文化的衰落。故选C。

I lost my phone when I was on holiday four months ago. With no phone to use on my way back to Milan, I decided to buy a book at the airport before boarding the plane. There was a discount on Stephen Hawking’s Brief Answers to the Big Questions, and while not necessarily an easy read for the non-reader I was at the time, it touched on some of the subjects I m most passionate(感兴趣的) about so I decided it was worth the £5.99. I paid for it. To my great surprise, I read the whole book on that two-hour return flight — and so my love for reading began. I was confused. Before then, I used to buy books fairly often, hoping I’d read them, knowing months would go by and I wouldn’t even open them. So I wondered. What was different this time? After carefully analysing the situation, I came up with an explanation.
Now I realise, most books on my reading list as a child came from one of three places: suggested books, school books, and “to read before you die” books. As a kid, I didn’t have much experience when it came to books or reading. So when I decided to pick up a book, I thought these were the ones I should read and I believed I would surely enjoy them. Then I ended up thinking of myself as someone that simply didn’t like reading.
It is obvious, in hindsight(在事后看来), that I actually really enjoyed reading. The few times I got to skim through a book that felt right, I would devour (如饥似渴地读) the whole thing in a matter of hours.
Many people approach reading in the wrong way, so they finally end up disliking it the way I did. Keep on reading books you don’t like, and you’ll eventually convince yourself it is reading you don’t like. So just make sure, you are reading books that touch on subjects you are actually passionate(热爱) about — don’t be scared to create your unique bookshelf.
149．What surprised the author?
A．He lost his phone. B．The book was very cheap.
C．The book was easy to read. D．He finished reading the book.
150．What does the author intend to do in paragraph 2?
A．Explore ways to create a reading list.
B．Introduce his particular taste in books.
C．Explain why he used to be a non-reader.
D．Analyze how children’s books are classified.
151．What books does the author advise people to read?
A．Those that attract their interest.
B．Those that enrich their knowledge.
C．Those that are popular among readers.
D．Those that are written by best-selling authors.
152．What is the best title for text?
A．Learning from a great book B．How I fell in love with reading
C．Creating a successful study tour D．How I developed a reading habit

【答案】149．D    150．C    151．A    152．B
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过讲述自己如何爱上阅读的经历说明了什么是正确的读书方式。
149．细节理解题。根据第一段中“To my great surprise, I read the whole book on that two-hour return flight — and so my love for reading began.(令我惊讶的是，我在两个小时的返程航班上读完了整本书——从此我对阅读的热爱开始了)”可知，让作者感到惊讶的是他竟然读完了这本书。故选D。
150．推理判断题。根据第二段中“As a kid, I didn’t have much experience when it came to books or reading. So when I decided to pick up a book, I thought these were the ones I should read and I believed I would surely enjoy them. Then I ended up thinking of myself as someone that simply didn’t like reading.(作为一个孩子，我在看书或阅读方面没有太多经验。所以，当我决定拿起一本书时，我本以为这是我应该读的书，我相信我一定会喜欢。然后我最终认为自己是一个根本不喜欢读书的人)”等内容可知，本段旨在解释作者过去不喜欢读书的原因。故选C。
151．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“So just make sure, you are reading books that touch on subjects you are actually passionate(热爱) about — don’t be scared to create your unique bookshelf.(所以，要确保你读的是与你真正感兴趣的主题有关的书——不要害怕创建你独特的书架)”可知，作者建议人们读那些能引起兴趣的书。故选A。
152．主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合第一段中“and so my love for reading began(从此我对阅读的热爱开始了)”及最后一段中“So just make sure, you are reading books that touch on subjects you are actually passionate(热爱) about(所以，要确保你读的是与你真正感兴趣的主题有关的书)”可知，文章主要讲述了作者是如何爱上阅读的，读自己喜欢的书才是阅读的正确方式。故选B。

The first time my parents watched me compete in a mountain bike race, they tried to get me to stop. While I was riding down a hill, I hit a huge rock, flew through the air and crashed to the ground. However, this kind of thing happens all the time. I just got up as fast as I could, got back on my bike and kept going. And I won that race, despite taking quite a spill!
My earliest bike memories are of my father taking me out for rides in the child seat on the back of his ten-speed. A couple years later, I got my first bike. But my parents wouldn’t let me ride more than a few blocks from the house until I was ten. The morning of my tenth birthday, I got my older sister to take me on a long ride. We ended up at my aunt’s house. I was totally tired and every muscle in my body ached. But I didn’t care. I knew that this was only the beginning, and all I could think about was where my next trip would take me.
When I was in the eighth grade, our gym teacher, Mr. Raines, sent out a flyer (传单) about starting a mountain bike club. I ran to his office between classes and signed up. Over the next few months, the ten of us who joined the club worked on our biking skills. Besides taking us out riding. Mr. Raines taught us about bike safety, and showed us how to properly maintain and repair our bikes. He also helped us form a mountain bike team. At first, we competed against each other. Later, we went up against other schools. We continued to train and compete all through high school.
Biking has been the major focus of my life. Those early trips on the back of my father’s bike got me started. The long rides with my sister increased my enthusiasm (热情). Then, the training and competitions in the bike club guaranteed that I would turn into a lifelong bike fan. I think everyone should have a hobby like this -- something that is good for them and makes them happy.
153．What happened to the author during his mountain bike race?
A．He lost the competition. B．He suffered a heavy fall.
C．He ran out of energy halfway. D．He hit his head on a huge rock.
154．How did the author feel about his trip to his aunt’s home?
A．Worried and tired. B．Surprised and curious.
C．Excited but nervous. D．Tired but happy.
155．Which of the following did the author do in his bike club?
A．He repaired the used bikes. B．He taught biking skills.
C．He took part in competitions. D．He sent out lots of flyers.
156．Which of the following explanations is the closet to guaranteed in meaning in paragraph 4?
A．made something certain to happen
B．prevented something from happening
C．protected somebody from being attacked
D．offered somebody necessary economic aid

【答案】153．B    154．D    155．C    156．A
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者是如何爱上骑自行车的，讲述了自己骑自行车的经历，作者认为骑自行车带给了自己好处和快乐。
153．细节理解题。根据第一段中“The first time my parents watched me compete in a mountain bike race, they tried to get me to stop. While I was riding down a hill, I hit a huge rock, flew through the air and crashed to the ground.(我父母第一次看我参加山地车比赛时，他们想让我停下来。当我从山上骑下来的时候，我撞上了一块巨大的岩石，飞到空中，摔在地上。)”可知，作者在山地车比赛中摔了一跤。故选B。
154．推理判断题。根据第二段中“We ended up at my aunt’s house. I was totally tired and every muscle in my body ached. But I didn’t care. I knew that this was only the beginning, and all I could think about was where my next trip would take me.(我们最后去了我姑姑家。我太累了，全身肌肉都疼。但我不在乎。我知道这只是一个开始，我满脑子想的都是我的下一趟旅行会带我去哪里。)”可推知，作者对去他姑姑家的旅行感觉疲惫但开心。故选D。
155．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“At first, we competed against each other. Later, we went up against other schools. We continued to train and compete all through high school.(起初，我们互相竞争。后来，我们与其他学校对抗。我们在整个高中阶段继续训练和比赛。)”以及最后一段中“Then, the training and competitions in the bike club guaranteed that I would turn into a lifelong bike fan.(然后，在自行车俱乐部的训练和比赛保证了我成为一个终身的自行车迷。)”可知，作者在他的自行车俱乐部参加了比赛。故选C。
156．词句猜测题。根据最后一段的“the training and competitions in the bike club(在自行车俱乐部的训练和比赛)”和“I would turn into a lifelong bike fan(我会成为一个终身的自行车迷)”可知，划线词所在的句子表示“在自行车俱乐部的训练和比赛保证了我将成为一个终身的自行车迷”，划线词的意思是“保证”，即made something certain to happen，故选A。

Most of you will have noticed hosting a dinner party is harder than before. One friend needs dairy-free food, one can’t eat onion and two are vegetarian. Are food intolerances increasing? Or do we just hear more about them now?
Food intolerances are reactions to eating foods, in normal quantities, which do not involve the immune system. They are very different from food allergies (过敏) which happen when the body mounts an immune response to a food that is either eaten or even touches the skin. This immune response is very quick (within 20 minutes to two hours) and releases chemicals that can affect the person’s breathing and heart. The reasons behind food intolerances can vary greatly. A common one is people lack enzymes (酶) needed for breaking down nutrients.
While it may seem as if food intolerances are increasing, we lack the data and actual numbers, perhaps because food intolerances generally do not lead to taking medications or seeking urgent (紧急的) medical treatment. A 2009 report suggests about 20% of the population has one or more food intolerances, with no change since 1994. A more recent survey from 2020 of self-reported intolerances in internet users indicated about 25% of the population.
The increase may result from many factors. Some people may self-diagnose (自我诊断) a food intolerance from well-intended but misleading health advice from family and friends. Additionally, people may incorrectly owe medical symptoms (症状) to foods they have eaten. We also have an increased ability to self-diagnose, thanks to Dr Google. Today, when attending social events with food, we can provide our dietary requirements. This also contributes to normalising food intolerances, compared to even a decade ago. Previously people would have suffered in silence or simply avoided consuming their problematic foods at events. Another factor could be more and more people of different nations living in one area, some of whom are genetically more likely to have a food intolerance.
If you suspect you have a food intolerance, you’d better see a doctor to ensure you are not ignoring a potentially concerning medical problem. Also, this can make sure you are not needlessly missing out on essential nutrients required for good health.
157．What is the main message of paragraph 2?
A．Most people suffer from food allergies.
B．People should take food allergies lightly.
C．Food intolerances may develop into food allergies.
D．Food intolerances are different from food allergies.
158．What is a finding of the 2009 report?
A．Internet users are more likely to have food intolerances.
B．20% of the population self - diagnoses a food intolerance.
C．The number of people having food intolerances remained the same between 1994 and 2009.
D．The number of people having food intolerances might increase by 5% in the next ten years.
159．What might be a reason behind the increase of food intolerance cases? .
A．People’s wide use of the internet.
B．People attending social events more often.
C．People suffering from various gene problems.
D．People’s failure to recognise problematic foods.
160．What is the author’s purpose in writing the last paragraph?
A．To correct a mistake. B．To give a suggestion.
C．To make a prediction. D．To make a promise.

【答案】157．D    158．C    159．A    160．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要讲述现在越来越多的人食物不耐症，并分析了原因。
157．主旨大意题。根据第二段“Food intolerances are reactions to eating foods, in normal quantities, which do not involve the immune system. They are very different from food allergies (过敏) which happen when the body mounts an immune response to a food that is either eaten or even touches the skin.(食物不耐症是对食物的不良反应，通常情况下，这与免疫系统无关。他们不同于食物过敏。食物过敏是当吃掉或者皮肤接触到某种食物时身体对食物产生的免疫反应)”以及接下来的描述可知，第二段主要讲述食物不耐症与食物过敏的不同。故选D。
158．细节理解题。根据第三段“A 2009 report suggests about 20% of the population has one or more food intolerances, with no change since 1994.(2009年的一份报告表示大约20%的人们有一种或者多种食物不耐症，这个数字从1994年以来都没有变化)”可知，从1994年到2009年有食物不耐症的人的数量保持不变。故选C。
159．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“We also have an increased ability to self-diagnose, thanks to Dr Google.(因为谷歌博士，我们自我诊断的能力增加了)”可知，网络让我们了解了更多这方面的知识，从而判断自己是不是有食物不耐症；所以选项A. People’s wide use of the internet.(人们广泛使用网络)正确；根据“Today, when attending social events with food, we can provide our dietary requirements. This also contributes to normalising food intolerances, compared to even a decade ago. Previously people would have suffered in silence or simply avoided consuming their problematic foods at events. (如今，当我们参加社交聚会的时候，我们会提供我们的饮食要求。与十年前比，这有助于使食物不耐症常态化。以前人们参加集会时默默忍受或者直接避开食用对他们有问题的食物)”可知，以前人们参加聚会时会默默忍受或者直接避开食用对他们有问题的食物，不是现在的人参加聚会多了，也不是人们辨别不出来有问题的食物，所以选项B. People attending social events more often.(人们更频繁地参加社交活动)以及选项D. People’s failure to recognise problematic foods.(人们不能辨认出有问题的食物)都不正确；根据“Another factor could be more and more people of different nations living in one area, some of whom are genetically more likely to have a food intolerance.(另外一个原因是越来越多的不同国家的人生活在同一个地区，他们中的一些人在基因上更有可能患有食物耐受不佳)”可知，不同国家的人生活在一起就出现了一些基因上患有食物耐受不佳的人，所以选项C. People suffering from various gene problems.(人们遭受各种各样的基因问题)不正确。故选A。
160．推理判断题。根据最后一段“If you suspect you have a food intolerance, you’d better see a doctor to ensure you are not ignoring a potentially concerning medical problem. Also, this can make sure you are not needlessly missing out on essential nutrients required for good health.(如果你怀疑自己有食物不耐症，你最好去咨询下医生以确保你没有忽视一个潜在的医疗问题。同样，这也可以确保你不会毫无必要地错过身体健康所必需的营养素)”可知，这是作者给出的建议。故选B。

Every year on June 21st, World Music Day is commemorated in over 120 countries, including its birthplace of France, to honor both amateur and professional musicians. Citizens of a city or country are permitted and encouraged to perform music outside in their neighborhoods, public areas, and parks on Music Day. Free concerts are also held, where musicians perform for the joy of it rather than for a fee.
In the 1970s, American musician Joel Cohen, who was then working for a French radio station, came up with the idea of having musicians perform on the evening of June 21 to celebrate the start of summer. It was finally accepted by France’s Ministry of Culture in 1982. The day started in France and has since extended to countries such as Belgium, the United Kingdom and others. It’s the ideal time to learn a new instrument or listen to songs they wouldn’t ordinarily include on their playlist. Every type of musician can celebrate World Music Day with friends, family, and even strangers, whether they are young, elderly, new, or seasoned professionals. The purpose is to promote music.
It makes no difference how good you are at making music; everyone can do it. This day can be used by even the most tone-deaf folks to sing their hearts out and appreciate the beauty and power of music. Music is not only a great way to express yourself, but it may also be beneficial to your health. A song might bring back a joyful memory or make you feel energized when you listen to it.
161．Where did the World Music Day begin?
A．France. B．American. C．Belgium. D．China.
162．Why are some concerts held for free?
A．For reputation. B．For entertainment. C．For experience. D．For occupation.
163．What do we know about the World Music Day?
A．Those who are not expert in music are not welcome.
B．Joel Cohen put forward the idea of performing music for free.
C．The purpose of it is to instruct tone-deaf people in music.
D．You can listen to some songs not included on the playlist.
164．What’s the author’s attitude towards music?
A．Challenging. B．Critical. C．Positive. D．Sceptical.

【答案】161．A    162．B    163．D    164．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了世界音乐日的情况，包括举行时间、起源以及特色等。
161．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Every year on June 21st, World Music Day is commemorated in over 120 countries, including its birthplace of France, to honor both amateur and professional musicians.(每年的6月21日，包括其诞生地法国在内的120多个国家都会纪念世界音乐日，向业余和职业音乐家致敬)”可知，世界音乐日始于法国。故选A。
162．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Free concerts are also held, where musicians perform for the joy of it rather than for a fee.(免费音乐会也会举行，在那里音乐家们表演是为了快乐，而不是为了收费)”可知，有些音乐会免费是为了娱乐。故选B。
163．细节理解题。根据第二段中“It’s the ideal time to learn a new instrument or listen to songs they wouldn’t ordinarily include on their playlist.(这是学习一种新乐器或听他们通常不会出现在播放列表中的歌曲的理想时间)”可知，世界音乐日，可以让你听一些不在播放列表中的歌曲。故选D。
164．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Music is not only a great way to express yourself, but it may also be beneficial to your health. A song might bring back a joyful memory or make you feel energized when you listen to it.(音乐不仅是一种很好的表达自己的方式，而且可能对你的健康有益。一首歌可能会勾起快乐的回忆，或者让你在听的时候感到精力充沛)”可推知，作者对音乐是积极态度。故选C。

I was in my early 30s, seeking a creative outlet unrelated to boring housework and raising little kids. At 65, George had recently retired and was seeking a rewarding hobby for his golden years. For both of us, painting was “it” and we met at a local painting class. Thus began a friendship that was to last for 25 years - until the day he died.
George took to painting with an awe-inspiring (令人惊叹的) level of passion and commitment, even changing the spare bedroom of his home into a studio. How I envied him, as in my own home and I had neither the space nor the the funds for such a luxury. His painting equipment was comprehensive. George housed many of these items in a tool box- a red metal tool box. For about six years George and I studied together through various units until the completion of the course.
Fast-forward some years and George was now about 80 years old. One day, he rang and told me that he was giving up painting and giving away all his “stuff”.  “I can’t paint, Bev. I don’t know why I ever thought I could,” he declared. Actually, he was mistaken about his painting ability because he had turned out some unique and wonderful works. However, George had decided he was through with painting, and no amount of talking could persuade him otherwise. And so that was why George left all his painting equipment to me. “You have the best talent and are most likely to use it,” he said. After considerable persuasion, I accepted this precious gift on condition that he could get it back at any time. He never did, of course.
I still use much of his equipment today. As I paint, I often remember George, his big personality, generous spirit and unfailing encouragement. The most treasured item is the red tool box, still in good shape. The original shop sticker is till firmly in place although the price has long since worn off. But that’s all right because to my mind some things, like friendship, are beyond price.
165．What does the underlined word “it” refer to?
A．A desire to create. B．A hobby to kill time.
C．An escape from chores. D．A chance to make fortune.
166．What can we infer form paragraph 3?
A．George once created some fine paintings.
B．George didn’t like his painting equipment.
C．George always wanted to give painting.
D．George misunderstood the author’s painting ability.
167．Why did George call the author?
A．To admit his own failure.
B．To present his painting tools.
C．To ask the author a favor.
D．To make an explanation
168．What is the best title of this passage?
A．A Lesson from My Old Friend.
B．Inspiration for Art from My Partner.
C．Nice George: An Artist with Great Passion.
D．A Red Tool Box: A Bond Between Two Friends.

【答案】165．A    166．A    167．B    168．D
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在绘画班认识了退休来学画画的George，他们成为了忘年交。George把自己一整套心爱的绘画工具送给作者，如今每当作者看到那个装工具的红色箱子都会想起George。
165．词句猜测题。根据第一段的“I was in my early 30s, seeking a creative outlet unrelated to boring housework and raising little kids. At 65, George had recently retired and was seeking a rewarding hobby for his golden years. For both of us, painting was “it” and we met at a local painting class.(当时我30岁出头，正在寻找一个与无聊的家务和抚养小孩无关的创造性出口。65岁的乔治刚刚退休，正在寻找一种有价值的爱好来度过他的黄金岁月。对我们俩来说，绘画就是“它”，我们在当地的一个绘画课上认识)”可知，it指代上文“创造性出口”，即“创作的渴望”。故选A。
166．推理判断题。根据第三段的“He was mistaken about his painting ability because he had turned out some unique and wonderful works. (他的绘画能力被误解了，因为他曾经创作了一些独特而精彩的作品)”推知，乔治曾经创作了一些很好的画作。故选A。
167．细节理解题。根据第三段的“One day, he rang and told me that he was giving up painting and giving away all his “stuff”.   “I can’t paint, Bev. I don’t know why I ever thought I could,” he declared. Actually, he was mistaken about his painting ability because he had turned out some unique and wonderful works. However, George had decided he was through with painting, and no amount of talking could persuade him otherwise. And so that was why George left all his painting equipment to me.(有一天，他打电话告诉我，他要放弃绘画，放弃他所有的“东西”。“我不会画画，贝弗。我不知道为什么我曾经认为我可以，”他宣布。事实上，他对自己绘画能力的认识是错误的，因为他创作出了一些独特而精彩的作品。然而，乔治已经决定不再画画了，再说多少话也劝不了他。这就是为什么乔治把他所有的绘画设备都留给了我)”可知，George打电话是为了把他的绘画工具赠送给作者。故选B。
168．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章讲述了作者在绘画班认识了退休来学画画的George，他们成为了忘年交。George把自己一整套心爱的绘画工具送给作者，如今每当作者作画都会想起George。再结合最后一段的“The most treasured item is the red tool box, still in good shape. The original shop sticker is still firmly in place although the price has long since worn off. But that’s all right because to my mind some things, like friendship, are beyond price. (最珍贵的物品是红色的工具箱，仍然完好无损。原来的商店贴纸仍然牢牢地贴在那里，尽管价格早已磨损。但这没关系，因为在我看来，有些东西是无价的，比如友谊)”可知，D项“A Red Tool Box: A Bond Between Two Friends. (红色工具箱：两个朋友之间的纽带)”可以作为本文的最佳标题。故选D。

If you plan to live another 10 years, you should expect to live in a world with machines doing things you don’t like doing today. Shooting for another 20? Even more will be done without your lifting the finger. It’s not only simple tasks such as cleaning, laundry and dishes. High-end services previously not accessible to you will now be in your economic grasp. Your personal robot will know you better than you know yourself. This almost unimaginable lifestyle could become routine for the masses, because of the achievements of artificial intelligence (AI) and robotics to date and the fact that 5G is on track to provide.
The reasons to be fearful of AI and robotics are well-founded. AI can compete with our brains and robots can compete with our bodies, and in many cases, can beat us handily already. And the more time that passes, the better these emerging technologies will become, while our own capabilities are expected to remain more or less the same.
There has been a love-hate relationship between individuals and big companies long before the present era of big tech, but when big tech, AI and robots work together, it gets even scarier.
Tomorrow’s big tech companies will make use of intelligence (via AI) and control (via robots) associated with the lives of their users. In such a world, third-party entities may know more about us than we know about ourselves. Decisions will be made on our behalf and increasingly without our awareness, and those decisions won’t necessarily be in our best interests.
These issues are foreseeable, and the stakes(风险)are enormous. So, what can be done? In order to achieve the highest possible public trust in the benefits of AI and robotics in our lives, there are three imperatives for action.
First, the industry’s AI and robotics leaders must start to integrate consumers’ interests in safety and privacy into their technology offerings - something we haven’t seen before in the development of the internet and mobile markets. Second, big tech companies and their smaller start-up siblings, should support common agreements, voluntary best practices, principles, protocols, standards and other policies - and yes, even regulation as the very last resort. The more policy structure there is in place that protects consumer interests, the more trust AI and robots deserve. Finally, a trusted entity should design and implement a reliable and verifiable means of creating and protecting the new AI and robotics policy structure from inappropriate influence.
Fortunately, although the gap between tech advances and the lagging policy structure is widening, there is still time to catch up - if we take the initiative now.
The combination of AI, robots and big tech companies is potentially dangerous, but by taking the appropriate steps now we can avoid these dangers and enjoy the huge potential benefits that they have to offer.
169．According to the passage, people are afraid of AI and robotics because ________.
A．AI, robotics and 5G work together
B．human’s abilities don’t develop
C．AI and robotics can do everything for us
D．the new lifestyles cannot be imagined
170．Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?
A．The third party entity will make decision to represent us and benefit us a lot.
B．There’s not always harmonious relationship between humans and big companies.
C．Big tech companies will control people’s life completely.
D．The benefits brought by AI and robotics cannot be enjoyed.
171．According to the passage, how can trusted AI and robotics be built?
A．By considering consumers’ interest in safety and privacy.
B．By making more policies that protect AI and robotics.
C．By properly influencing AI and robotics’ improper behavior.
D．By slowing down the technological advances of AI and robotics.
172．Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?
A．Can we achieve trusted AI and robotics by implementing policies?
B．Can AI, robotics and 5G work together to benefit human beings?
C．Can we avoid the potential dangers of AI, robotics and big tech companies?
D．Can AI and robotics create a new lifestyle for human beings in the near future?

【答案】169．B    170．B    171．A    172．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述人工智能、机器人和大型科技公司的结合是潜在的危险，我们应该采取措施避免这些危险，才能享受它们提供的巨大潜在好处。
169．细节理解题。根据第二段“The reasons to be fearful of AI and robotics are well-founded. AI can compete with our brains and robots can compete with our bodies, and in many cases, can beat us handily already. And the more time that passes, the better these emerging technologies will become, while our own capabilities are expected to remain more or less the same. (对人工智能和机器人的恐惧是有充分理由的。人工智能可以与我们的大脑竞争，机器人可以与我们的身体竞争，在很多情况下，已经可以轻松击败我们。时间过得越久，这些新兴技术就会变得越好，而我们自己的能力预计会或多或少保持不变。)”可知人们害怕人工智能和机器人是因为人类的能力没有发展，故选B。
170．推理判断题。根据第三段“There has been a love-hate relationship between individuals and big companies long before the present era of big tech, but when big tech, AI and robots work together, it gets even scarier. (早在现在的大型科技时代到来之前，个人和大公司之间就存在着爱恨交加的关系，但当大型科技、人工智能和机器人一起工作时，这种关系就变得更加可怕了。)”可推断，人与大公司之间的关系并不总是和谐的。故选B。
171．细节理解题。根据第五段“These issues are foreseeable, and the stakes(风险)are enormous. So, what can be done? In order to achieve the highest possible public trust in the benefits of AI and robotics in our lives, there are three imperatives for action. (这些问题都是可以预见的，利害关系是巨大的。那么，我们能做些什么呢?为了让公众尽可能信任人工智能和机器人在我们生活中的好处，有三个必要的行动。)”和第六段“First, the industry’s AI and robotics leaders must start to integrate consumers’ interests in safety and privacy into their technology offerings - something we haven’t seen before in the development of the internet and mobile markets.( 首先，该行业的人工智能和机器人领导者必须开始将消费者对安全和隐私的兴趣融入到他们的技术产品中——这是我们在互联网和移动市场的发展中从未见过的。) ”可知可信的人工智能和机器人要考虑到消费者对安全和隐私的兴趣。故选A。
172．主旨大意题。根据整篇文章尤其最后一段“The combination of AI, robots and big tech companies is potentially dangerous, but by taking the appropriate steps now we can avoid these dangers and enjoy the huge potential benefits that they have to offer.( 人工智能、机器人和大型科技公司的结合是潜在的危险，但通过现在采取适当的步骤，我们可以避免这些危险，并享受它们提供的巨大潜在好处。)”可知文章主要讲述人工智能、机器人和大型科技公司的结合是潜在的危险，我们应该采取措施避免这些危险，才能享受它们提供的巨大潜在好处。C选项“我们能避免人工智能、机器人和大型科技公司的潜在危险吗?”符合文章主旨，适合做标题，故选C。

The broad definition of migration, “permanent change of residence”, usually includes a move across a city or a town. What we are concerned about is movement between nations, not internal migration within nations, although such movements often go beyond international movements in volume.
Students of human migration speak of “push” and “pull” factors, which influence an individual’s decision to move from one place to another. Push factors are associated with the place of origin. A push factor can be as simple a matter as difficult in finding a suitable job, or as painful as war, or severe famine.
Pull factors are those associated with the place of destination. Most often these are economic, such as better job opportunities or the availability of good land to farm. The latter was an important factor in attracting settlers to the United States during the 19th century. In general, pull factors add up to an apparently better chance for a good life and material well-being than is offered by the place of origin. When there is a choice between several attractive potential destinations, the deciding factor might be a non-economic consideration such as the presence of relatives, friends, or at least fellow countrymen already established in the new place who are willing to help the newcomers settle in. Considerations of this sort lead to the development of migration flow.
Besides push and pull factors, there are what the sociologists call “intervening(干预) obstacles”. Even if push and (or) pull factors are very strong, they still may be outweighed by intervening obstacles, such as the distance of the move, the trouble and cost of moving, the difficulty of entering the new country, and the problems likely to be encountered on arrival.
The decision to move is also influenced by “personal factors” of the potential migrant. The same push-pull factors and obstacles operate differently on different people, sometimes because they are at different stages of their lives, or just because of their varying abilities and personalities. The prospect of packing up everything and moving to a new and perhaps very strange environment may appear interesting and challenging to an unmarried young man and rather difficult to a slightly older man with a wife and small kids. Similarly, the need to learn a new language and customs may excite one person and frighten another.
Regardless of why people move, migration of large numbers of people causes conflict. The United States and other western countries have experienced adjustment problems with each new wave of immigrants. The newest arrivals are usually given the lowest-paid jobs and are resented by native people who may have to compete with them for those jobs. It has usually taken several decades for each group to be accepted into the mainstream of society in the host country.
173．Suppose Thomas is thinking of migrating to a new place but he is faced with several choices of destinations, what may contribute to his final decision?
A．Good land to farm. B．The people he knows.
C．Severe living condition D．Better job opportunities.
174．Why does the author compare an unmarried young man with an older man with a family?
A．Because they differ in their abilities to learn a new language and customs.
B．Because different stages of lives will lead to their different decisions about migration.
C．Because their abilities to compete for a better job or a better farm land are different.
D．Because the older one is more likely to be accepted into the mainstream of the new society.
175．We can infer from the passage that ________.
A．Push-pull factors are so strong as to be more important than intervening factors.
B．Pull factors may include one’s difficulty in finding a job or suffering from famine.
C．New immigrants probably need to suffer great hardships to fit in with the new environment.
D．The same push-pull factors may exert similar effect on people with different personalities.
176．The purpose of the passage is to discuss ________.
A．the motives of international migrants
B．the problems of international migrants
C．the migrantion problems inside the country
D．the adjustment problem among migrants

【答案】173．B    174．B    175．C    176．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了影响人们移民的因素。
173．推理判断题。根据第三段中“When there is a choice between several attractive potential destinations, the deciding factor might be a non-economic consideration such as the presence of relatives, friends, or at least fellow countrymen already established in the new place who are willing to help the newcomers settle in. Considerations of this sort lead to the development of migration flow.(当在几个有吸引力的潜在目的地之间进行选择时，决定因素可能是一个非经济的考虑因素，如是否有亲戚、朋友，或至少是已经在新地方定居的、愿意帮助新移民定居的同胞的存在)”可知，如果Thomas正在考虑移居到一个新的地方，但他面临着几个目的地的选择，影响他的决定性因素是他所认识的人的存在。故选B。
174．推理判断题。根据文章第五段中“The same push-pull factors and obstacles operate differently on different people, sometimes because they are at different stages of their lives, or just because of their varying abilities and personalities.(同样的推拉因素和障碍在不同的人身上起着不同的作用，有时是因为他们处于人生的不同阶段，或者只是因为他们的能力和性格不同)”可知，处在不同的人生阶段会影响人们对移民做出不同的决定，接着下文“The prospect of packing up everything and moving to a new and perhaps very strange environment may appear interesting and challenging to an unmarried young man and rather difficult to a slightly older man with a wife and small kids.(收拾好所有的东西，搬到一个新的，也许是非常陌生的环境中，对一个未婚的年轻人来说可能是有趣和具有挑战性的，而对一个有妻子和孩子的略年长的男人来说则是相当困难的)”指出，收拾行李去一个陌生的地方对于未婚的年轻人来说可能是有趣和富有挑战的，但对于已经有家室的年长男子来说是相当困难的，作者将两者进行比较正是为了说明上文提到的“处于不同人生阶段”这一因素对移民决定的影响。故选B。
175．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“The newest arrivals are usually given the lowest-paid jobs and are resented by native people who may have to compete with them for those jobs. It has usually taken several decades for each group to be accepted into the mainstream of society in the host country.(新来的移民通常得到的是最低工资的工作，而且会遭到当地人的憎恨，因为当地人可能不得不与他们竞争这些工作。通常需要几十年的时间，每个群体才能被东道国的社会主流所接受)”可知，新的移民要经历各种各样的问题，且总是要忍受巨大的困难才能适应新环境。故选C。
176．推理判断题。根据第二段首句“Students of human migration speak of ‘push’ and ‘pull’ factors, which influence an individual’s decision to move from one place to another. (研究人类迁移的学生谈到‘推’和‘拉’因素，它们影响个人从一个地方迁移到另一个地方的决)”和第四段首句“Besides push and pull factors, there are what the sociologists call ‘intervening(干预) obstacles’.(除了推和拉的因素，还有社会学家所说的‘干预障碍’)”以及第五段首句“The decision to move is also influenced by ‘personal factors’ of the potential migrant.(迁移的决定还受到潜在移徙者的‘个人因素’的影响)”可知，文章主要分析了促进移民的因素有哪些。故选A。

In June 2015, Alice Grace, a young entrepreneur, founded her business AilieCandy. By the time she was 15, her company was worth millions of dollars with the invention of a super-sweet treat that could save kids’ teeth, instead of destroying them, which is beneficial.
The story began when Grace paid a visit to a bank with her dad. On the outing, she was offered a candy bar. However, her dad reminded her that sugary treats were bad for her teeth. But Grace was bored with missing candies. So she intended to ignore the warning, “Why can’t I make a healthy candy that’s good for my teeth so that my parents can’t say no to it?” With that in mind, Grace asked her dad if she could start her own candy company. He recommended that she do some research and talk to dentists about what consist of a healthier candy.
Fortunately, with her dad’s permission, she spent the next two years researching online and conducting experiments to get a recipe that was both tasty and tooth-friendly. She also approached dentists to learn more about teeth cleaning. As a result, she succeeded in making a kind of candy—CanCandy, only using natural sweeteners, which can reduce oral bacteria. That is the special part of it.
Grace then used her savings to get her business off the ground. Afterwards, she and her father secured their first business meeting with a supermarket owner, who finally agreed to sell Grace’s product—CanCandy.
With her success growing, so does Grace’s credibility as a young entrepreneur. Grace is enthusiastic about the candy she created, and she’s also positive about what the future might bring. She expects that every kid can have a clean mouth and a broad smile.
At the same time, with her parents’ help, Grace is generally able to live a normal teenage life. Although she founded her company early on in life, she wasn’t driven primarily by profit. Grace wants to use her unique talent to help others find their smiles. She donates 15% of AilieCandy’s profits to Big Smiles.
177．After hearing her dad’s warning, how did Grace react?
A．She fought with him. B．She accepted his warning.
C．She had no option. D．She tried to find a solution.
178．What is special about CanCandy?
A．It doesn’t contain sweeteners at all. B．It is beneficial to oral health.
C．It is the sweetest candy. D．It is produced to a dentists’ recipe.
179．What is Grace’s expectation from her business?
A．To help others seek smiles. B．To make a fortune.
C．To make herself succeed. D．To beat other candy companies.
180．What can we learn from Alice Grace’s story?
A．To be famous is a great eagerness of the young. B．A youth is to be treated with respect.
C．Positive and helpful action lead to success. D．Success means getting personal needs satisfied.

【答案】177．D    178．B    179．A    180．C

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了年轻人Alice Grace创业的故事。2015年6月，年轻的企业家Alice Grace创立了自己的公司Alice Candy。到她15岁的时候，她的公司已经价值数百万美元，因为她发明了一种超级甜食，可以保护孩子的牙齿，而不是破坏它们，这是有益的。
177．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“But Grace was bored with missing candies. So she intended to ignore the warning, “Why can’t I make a healthy candy that’s good for my teeth so that my parents can’t say no to it?” With that in mind, Grace asked her dad if she could start her own candy company.(但Grace已经厌倦了糖果的缺失。所以她打算无视这个警告，“为什么我不能做一种对我的牙齿有好处的健康糖果，这样我的父母就不会拒绝它了?”带着这样的想法，Grace问她爸爸她是否可以开一家自己的糖果公司。)”可知，对于父亲的告诫Grace并没有听从，而是有了一个打算自己制作一种健康糖果的想法。故选D项。
178．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“As a result, she succeeded in making a kind of candy—CanCandy, only using natural sweeteners, which can reduce oral bacteria. That is the special part of it.(结果，她成功地制作了一种糖果——CanCandy，只使用了可以减少口腔细菌的天然甜味剂。这是它的特别之处。)”可知，Grace公司生产的糖果的特别之处在于它使用的是可以减少口腔细菌的天然甜味剂，这对口腔健康是有好处的。故选B项。
179．细节理解题。根据文章道速第二段“Grace is enthusiastic about the candy she created, and she’s also positive about what the future might bring. She expects that every kid can have a clean mouth and a broad smile.(Grace对她创造的糖果充满热情，她对未来可能带来的东西也很乐观。她希望每个孩子都能有一张干净的嘴和灿烂的笑容。)”可知，Grace希望她的公司在未来能让更多的人脸上出现开心的笑容和一张干净的嘴巴。故选A项。
180．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Although she founded her company early on in life, she wasn’t driven primarily by profit. Grace wants to use her unique talent to help others find their smiles. She donates 15% of Alice Candy’s profits to Big Smiles.(尽管她很早就创立了自己的公司，但她的主要驱动力并不是利润。格蕾丝想用她独特的天赋帮助别人找回微笑。她把艾莉糖果15%的利润捐给了Big Smiles。)”以及文章其他段落所讲的Alice 创业的经历可知，在遇到困难时她并没有退缩和屈服，而是积极地寻找解决问题的办法，而创业成功以后她也没有一味地追求利润，而是积极地去回馈社会，从而进一步促成了自己的成功。所以从Alice Grace的故事中我们可以知道积极和有益的行动可以促成一个人的成功。故选C项。
At least since the appearance of Napster (一个文件共享平台), in 1999, the Internet’s potential effect on music listeners has often been portrayed as dramatic. Music bloggers, the iPod’s massive storage capabilities, and most recently, the virtually unlimited browsing potential afforded by streaming — put together, they would surely pave the way for a generation to whom eclecticism (折衷主义) was normal. Human curiosity could finally win, and the super-listener would rise.
Little in the modern music landscape suggests that this has come to pass. Quite the contrary, which is an important assumption of the New York Times music critic Ben Ratliff’s Every Song Ever: 20 Ways to Listen in an Age of Musical Plenty. In the past decade or so, traditional radio stations have cut down the number of songs they played and increased the frequency of repetition, because listeners are less likely to switch away from tunes they recognize. Successful online playlist makers such as Pandora continually fine-tune algorithms (算法) to figure out what individual users want to hear based on what they’ve liked before. And music journalists working online have come to understand that defending little-known artists commands far less traffic — and therefore less job security — than does promotion of the latest Taylor Swift video or Beatles anniversary.
Ratliff wisely diagnoses the psychology underlying this state of affairs. “In many cases, having rapidly acquired a new kind of listening brain — a brain with unlimited access — we dig very deeply and very narrowly, creating bottomless comfort zones in what we have decided we like and trust,” he writes. “Or we shut down, threatened by the endless choice. The riches remain dumb unless we have an engaged relationship with them.”
An “engaged relationship”— what’s that? Well, you know: Active listening. Open listening. The kind of listening that happened more often when switching from an unfamiliar song back to an old favorite wasn’t so frictionless — when the unfamiliar song had cost you $16.99 and a trip to Tower Records to acquire, and the old CD was gathering dust somewhere under your bed. Ratliff has 20 suggestions, mostly good ones, for how to achieve this level of engagement in a world overflowing with new and strange, and instantaneously available, sounds. He reminds us, as he proceeds, of how urgently we need adventurous critics like him at a time when the idea of musical discovery has been appropriated by tech companies and sidelines in the chase for clicks.
181．What effect is the Internet supposed to have on listeners?
A．They would have a better taste for music.
B．They would prefer more powerful players.
C．They would be willing to try different types of music.
D．They would be more curious about the quality of music.
182．According to Ben Ratliff, which statement best describes the modern music landscape?
A．Online playlist makers don’t take individual users’ preference into account.
B．People don’t have as much chance to listen to unfamiliar music as expected.
C．Music journalists are ready to help those unknown artists promote their music
D．Algorithms are upgraded frequently to satisfy music lovers’ needs for new music.
183．The word “frictionless” (in the last paragraph) is closest in meaning to “________”.
A．sudden B．expensive C．obvious D．easy
184．It can be inferred from the passage that music critics should take the responsibility of ________.
A．reducing the impact of technology on us
B．engaging us in more chase for clicks
C．helping us find our comfort zones
D．brining old classics back to life

【答案】181．C    182．D    183．D    184．A

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在这个网络时代，我们接触着各种新的歌曲，却仍然偏爱着老歌的原因，以及乐评家给我们的建议。
181．推理判断题。根据第一段第二句“Music bloggers, the iPod’s massive storage capabilities, and most recently, the virtually unlimited browsing potential afforded by streaming — put together, they would surely pave the way for a generation to whom eclecticism was normal.(音乐博主、iPod巨大的存储能力，以及最近流媒体提供的几乎无限的浏览潜力——合在一起，肯定会为一代人铺平道路，对于这代人来说，折衷主义是正常的)”和第三句“Human curiosity could finally win, and the super-listener would rise. (人类的好奇心终于可以赢了，超级倾听者就会站起来)”可知，在这个充满无限信息的网络时代，人们的好奇心可以得到满足，听各种各样的新的不同风格和类型的歌曲。故选C项。
182．推理判断题。根据第二段第三句“Successful online playlist makers such as Pandora continually fine-tune algorithms to figure out what individual users want to hear based on what they’ve liked before.(Pandora等成功的在线播放列表制作者不断调整算法，根据个人用户之前喜欢的音乐找出他们想听的音乐)”可知，算法经常升级，以满足音乐爱好者对新音乐的需求。故选D项。
183．词句猜测题。根据第四段中的“The kind of listening that happened more often when switching from an unfamiliar song back to an old favorite wasn’t so frictionless — when the unfamiliar song had cost you $16.99 and a trip to Tower Records to acquire, and the old CD was gathering dust somewhere under your bed. (当你从一首不熟悉的歌曲切换到一首旧的最爱歌曲时，这种听起来更为频繁，但这种听起来并不是那么frictionless——当这首陌生的歌曲花了你16.99美元，还花了一次去Tower Records的旅行，而这张旧CD在你床下的某个地方积满了灰尘)”可推知，新唱片切换到旧唱片没那么容易。由此可知，frictionless与easy意思接近。故选D项。
184．推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“He reminds us, as he proceeds, of how urgently we need adventurous critics like him at a time when the idea of musical discovery has been appropriated by tech companies and sidelines in the chase for clicks.(他在继续讲述的过程中提醒我们，在这个音乐发现的理念被科技公司和旁观者在追逐点击率的过程中所利用的时代，我们是多么迫切地需要像他这样敢于冒险的评论家)”可知，乐评人能够帮助正确的听音乐的人，减少利用点击率的科技公司对他们的影响。故选A项。
Columbus College, 241 Queen Elizabeth Drive, Kowloon City MEMO
To: All staff
From: Jakie Mok, Secretary; Sports Development Committee
Date: May 20, 2010
A week ago, “Sports for Life” programme was sent to the parents, requiring them to select a sport they wanted their child to play. Since then, our staff have received lots of calls from parents asking for more information about it. Here is a memo for your reference when you answer the phones.
Sport 1: Basketball
We expect that this will be the most popular of the four sports. Therefore, students should be advised to sign up as soon as possible. Students will take a private bus to and from KwunTong Sports Park. To cover the cost of hiring a bus, each student will have to pay $10 each time. There will be four basketball courts available for our use with one teacher watching over each game.
Sports 2: Gym
We will be using St. Peter’s Memorial Park. Thee are two reasons for choosing this park. First, it is not very busy and crowded before 6 :00 p.m.. Second, it has lot of trees with plenty of shade. Students must bring along two bottles of water to prevent thirst. Three activities, skipping, jogging, outdoor aerobics (有氧运动), all of which are free of charge, will be arranged. And there will be a teacher on duty for each of the activities.
Sport 3: Hiking
Hiking will take place at Kowloon Peak. The activity will start at 2:30 p.m. and finish 90 minutes later. Three teachers will accompany the students, and a hiking instructor will accompany each group of 15 hikers. Each instructor will cost $75/hr.
Sport 4: Swimming
The Kowloon City Aquatic Centre is a 10-minute walk from our school. Four teachers will go the pool and conduct the goings-on from the poolside. We will only be able to reserve the pool for one hour (i. e. 2:45 p.m. to 3:45 p.m.). Only students skillful at swimming can take up this activity. The pool will have two lifeguards present. Girls must wear a swimming suit. The cost is $10 per visit.
185．Which can be inferred from the passage? ________.
A．Students taking part in basketball will walk to the courts
B．Every student can gain admission to one of the four sports
C．Hiking students can have a regular rest in the shade of trees
D．Students taking up the four sports should bring bottles of water
186．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A．Students selecting basketball had better register early.
B．Students participating in gym should arrive at 6:00 p.m.
C．Hiking usually begins at 2:30 p.m. and lasts 2 hours.
D．Students having swimming suits can take up swimming.
187．The memo aims to ________.
A．attract students’ interest in the programme
B．help the staff explain the programme to the parents
C．require the parents to select a sport for their child
D．remind teachers and lifeguards to be present on time

【答案】185．B    186．A    187．B

【导语】本文是篇应用文。哥伦布学院于一周前向家长发送了“Sports for life”的项目计划，要求他们挑选一项希望孩子参加的体育项目。自那以后，不断有家长来电咨询相关信息。本文是学院体育发展委员会写给员工的一份备忘录，详细介绍了其中的四种体育项目，以供员工在接打家长咨询电话时参考。
185．推理判断题。根据Date: May 20, 2010下“A week ago, “Sports for Life” programme was sent to the parents, requiring them to select a sport they wanted their child to play.”（一周前，“Sports for Life”的项目被发送给父母，要求他们选择一项他们希望孩子参加的运动。）可知，这个项目中，每个学生都可以获准参加一项运动。故选B。
186．细节理解题。根据Sport 1: Basketball下“We expect that this will be the most popular of the four sports. Therefore, students should be advised to sign up as soon as possible.”（我们预计这将是四项运动中最受欢迎的一项，因此，应该建议学生尽快报名）可知，篮球会是最热门的一项，所以选择篮球的学生最好早点报名。故选A。
187．推理判断题。根据Date: May 20, 2010下“Since then, our staff have received lots of calls from parents asking for more information about it. Here is a memo for your reference when you answer the phones.”（从那以后，我们的工作人员接到了很多家长打来的电话，询问更多的信息。这是一份备忘录，供你接电话时参考。）可知，这份备忘录是为了帮助员工向家长解答相关信息所提供的参考。故选B。
Which Way Home, a documentary by Rebecca Cammisa, charts the journeys to Mexican and Central American children who leave their home countries to come to the United States riding on top of a train they call “La Bestia” (the beast). All of the children dream of a better life for themselves and their families. Some of them hope to reunite with family members in the U. S. Others have dreams of going to school or getting a job so they can send money back home.
Kevin
Fourteen-year-old Kevin is from Honduras. A seemingly happy-go-lucky guy, Kevin is the group’s ring leader, telling jokes, making leaps across car roofs, and providing some comic relief in the film. Kevin has a strong sense of duty to his family. His mother, Lupe, tells him to buy a house for them in the U. S., so she can escape Kevin’s violent stepfather. He plans to head to Manhattan once he crosses the border, but during the filming he is taken off of the train by American border agents who send him back to Honduras. Without hesitation, Kevin leaves Honduras again and jumps on the train. Throughout his journey, Kevin encounters violence and brutality that should never be a part of childhood.
Juan Carlos
Juan Carlos is a 13-year-old from Guatemala. When we meet him, we learn that his father abandoned the family years ago and moved to America for a better life, leaving Juan Carlos’s mother, Esmeralda, to care for several children on her own. His younger brother, Francisco, made it into the U. S. a month earlier and now lives with their grandmother in Los Angeles. Juan Carlos feels responsible for providing for his mother and his other family members and decides he must do something to help support them. With the weight of the world on his shoulders, he writes a letter telling Esmeralda that he, too, is leaving for the U. S.
Olga
Olga is the only female migrant featured in the film. She is nine years old and travelling with her friend, Freddy, who is also nine. They are being taken to the U. S. illegally. Both are headed for Minnesota, where Olga hopes to reunite with her mother, and Freddy hopes to find his father. During the making of the documentary, the film crew loses track of Olga and Freddy, and we never find out what becomes of them.
The film was nominated for an Academy Award for Feature-Length Documentary. Director Rebecca Camissa said her goal for the film was to create public awareness of child migration, and to “promote a dialogue that leads to creating humane immigration policy reform in the United States
188．Which of the following is true of Which Way Home?
A．It is adapted from a book which tells stories about three child migrants.
B．It won an Academy Award for its theme that corresponds to the reality.
C．It aims to make viewers conscious of the phenomenon of child migration.
D．Its director has managed to create humane immigration policy reform
189．While the documentary was being made, the crew lost touch with ________.
A．Kevin and Juan Carlos B．Juan Carlos and Olga
C．Juan Carlos and Freddy D．Olga and Freedy
190．What can be learned from the passage about Kevin and Juan Carlos?
A．Both of them felt responsible for their families
B．Neither of them managed to get to the United States
C．Neither of them had any relative in the United States
D．Both of them were found on the way to their destinations

【答案】188．C    189．D    190．A

【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了由丽贝卡.卡米萨所录制的纪录片《回家的路》。该纪录片记录了墨西哥和中美洲的孩子们离开祖国来到美国的旅程，他们乘坐一辆被他们称为“野兽”的火车来到美国。所有的孩子都梦想着自己和家人过上更好的生活。他们中的一些人希望与在美国的家人团聚。另一些人梦想上学或找到一份工作，这样他们就可以寄钱回家。
188．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“The film was nominated for an Academy Award for Feature-Length Documentary.Director Rebecca Camissa said her goal for the film was to create public awareness of child migration, and to “promote a dialogue that leads to creating humane immigration policy reform in the United States.(这部电影获得了奥斯卡长篇纪录片奖的提名。导演Rebecca Cammisa说，她拍摄这部电影的目的是让公众意识到儿童移民的问题，并促进对话，从而在美国进行人道主义的移民政策改革)”可知，这部电影的目的是让观众意识到儿童移民的现象。故选C项。
189．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“ During the making of the documentary, the film crew loses track of Olga and Freddy, and we never find out what becomes of them.(在纪录片的制作过程中，摄制组失去了奥尔加和弗雷迪的踪迹，我们从未知道他们的下落)”可知，在纪录片摄制期间，他们与奥尔加和弗雷迪失去了联系。故选D项。
190．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Kevin has a strong sense of duty to his family.(Kevin对他的家庭有强烈的责任感)”可知“Kevin对家庭负责人；根据第三段“Juan Carlos feels responsible for providing for his mother and his other family members and decides he must do something to help support them.(Juan Carlos感到有责任养活他的母亲和其他家庭成员。决定他必须做点什么来帮助支持他们)”可知Juan Carlos也是对家庭负责任；由此可知，Kevin和Juan Carlos都对家庭负有责任感。故选A项。
Evening Workshops
Optional evening workshops will be held at small restaurants or other meeting places near the conference hotel. Meals and other costs and not included but are also optional. Locations will be announced at the conference site. Workshops are very loosely organized and most represent discussions that have been held at Society for Economic Botany (SEB) meetings over a series of years.
Workshops 1: Student Network
Date
Wednesday evening, Feb. 5th
Chairs
Hugo de Boer and Arika Virapongse
Sponsor
Society for Economic Botany
Description
Student members of the SEB hold a networking mixer each year in order to meet each other and to become acquainted with a variety of educational programs and faculty advisors. Faculty members who are part of training programs are encouraged to join the mixer to meet and talk with students.
Workshop 2: Botanical Film Making
Date
Wednesday evening, Feb. 5th
Chairs
David Strauch
Sponsor
University of Hawaii
Description
Digital film making is a particularly useful tool of linking cultural information to recognizable plants. This workshop is aimed towards increasing the quality of material recorded by giving participants greater control over the medium. We will cover technical aspects (e.g. camera settings, audio), compositional aspects (framing, lighting, focus), and some ways of presenting the material, Experienced filmmakers are encouraged to attend, and participants are welcome to bring their own camera equipment.
Workshop 3: Collections for Botany—Collections Development and Management
Date
Friday evening, Feb. 7th
Chair
Jan Salick
Sponsor
Society for Economic Botany
Description
SEB is a network of researchers who have been developing standards for the development of collections of artifacts, plant samples and related materials. Participants discuss successes, problems, and funding sources for addressing management issues.

191．One of the purpose of a networking mixer held each year is to ________.A．provide students with greater control over the media
B．link cultural information to recognizable plants
C．help the students to deal with most of the environment issues
D．help the students to be familiar with educational programs
192．Which of the following is true according to the poster?
A．Evening workshops will be held at small restaurants with meals included.
B．Participants have more than one option on Feb. 5th than another night.
C．Workshops have nothing to do with the discussions held at SEB meetings.
D．Faculty advisers can join the mixer without training experience.
193．Which of the following is NOT involved in Evening Workshops?
A．To invite faculty advisers to discuss the management issues.
B．To encourage student members of the SEB to meet one another.
C．To expect experienced filmmakers to attend Botanical Film Making.
D．To increase the quality of material recorded.

【答案】191．D    192．B    193．A

【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了三种不同类型的夜间研讨会，并详细介绍了它们的时间，赞助商和研讨内容。
191．细节理解题。根据文章Workshop 1: Student Network部分“Student members of the SEB hold a networking mixer each year in order to meet each other and to become acquainted with a variety of educational programs and faculty advisors.（SEB的学生成员每年举办网络聚会是为了学生成员能够见到对方，并熟悉各种教育项目和大学老师。）”可知，每年举办网络聚会的目的是学生成员能够见到彼此，熟悉各种教育项目和大学指导老师。由此可推断出help the students to be familiar with educational programs（帮助学生熟悉教育项目）是每年举办网络聚会的目的之一。故选D项。
192．细节理解题。根据文章内容可知Workshop 1: Student Network的举办时间是Wednesday evening, Feb. 5th（2月5日，星期三晚上）；Workshop 2: Botanical Film Making的举办时间是Wednesday evening, Feb. 5th（2月5日，星期三晚上）；Workshop 3: Collections for Botany的举办时间是Friday evening, Feb. 7th（2月7日，星期五晚上）。由此可推断出2月5日有两场研讨会，2月7日有一场，故参与者在2月5日比2月7日多了一个选择。故选B项。
193．细节理解题。根据文章Workshop 1: Student Network部分“Faculty members who are part of training programs are encouraged to join the mixer to meet and talk with students.（鼓励参加培训项目的全体教职工参加网络聚会，与学生见面，和学生讨论。）”可知，邀请全体教职工参加聚会，与学生见面讨论，而并非邀请他们讨论管理问题。故选A项。
Everyday Kitchen
Columnist Kathryn Elliott on overlooked health hits, ice-cold dairy and the secrets of sesame oil (芝麻油).
3 healthy foods you’re probably not eating
1. Pepitas: These are dried pumpkin seeds, packed full of mono-and polyunsaturated fats, together with zinc, calcium, B vitamins and fiber. Scatter them on a salad, or toast them in a pan and sprinkle over a bowl of soup.
2. Barley: Low GI (升糖指数) and high soluble fibre, barley is also delicious. Add it to soups, use it instead of rice, or mix it with yogurt, fruit and nuts for a healthy breakfast.
3. Turmeric: A brightly colored spice found in curry powder and many other spice mixes, turmeric is a concentrated source of antioxidants, on par with strawberries and cherries.
Can you freeze MILK?
● To get the maximum shelf life, freeze your milk soon after purchase.
● Milk will expand when frozen, because of its water content, so allow some space for this expansion in the container you’re using.
● Use frozen milk within a month of the use-by date.
● Defrost milk slowly, in the fridge, then use it within a couple of days.
● Your milk change color slightly when it’s frozen; this is quite normal, and it will return to its regular color once it has defrosted.
● Butter milk and unhomogeised (不均匀的) milk may not freeze as well as regular or skim milk, as they tend to separate slightly when defrosted.
How to use sesame oil
Sesame oil has a gorgeous flavor and a higher smoking point than olive oil, making it excellent for stir-fries. But you can also take full advantage of the flavor by adding it at the end of the cooking.
For a delicious salad dressing, mix 1 tbsp sesame oil with 1 tsp shredded ginger, 1-2 tsp soy and some fresh lime juice. Pour over shredded veggies for an Asian-style cold dishes. For a more filling meal, this dressing also goes well with bean sprouts, carrot, cooked noodles and shredded chicken or pieces of tofu.
194．If someone needs a bowl of chicken noodle soup flavored with curry, he should select ______.
A．Pepitas B．Barley C．Turmeric D．Cherries
195．Which of the following is TRUE?
A．Milk must be frozen in the fridge as soon as we get it from the store unopened.
B．Frozen milk may look different, but as it returns to normal color, it will be spoiled.
C．Bigger containers are preferable for it gives the frozen milk room for expansion.
D．The best method to defrost is to use hot water or other source of heat.
196．Which of the following word best describes the sesame oil?
A．Adaptable. B．Fixed. C．Juicy. D．Stimulating.

【答案】194．C    195．C    196．A

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章揭示了被忽视的健康饮品、冰牛奶和香油的秘密。
194．细节理解题。根据3 healthy foods you’re probably not eating部分中“3. Turmeric: A brightly colored spice found in curry powder and many other spice mixes, turmeric is a concentrated source of antioxidants, on par with strawberries and cherries.(3.姜黄：在咖喱粉和许多其他香料混合物中发现的一种颜色鲜艳的香料，姜黄是抗氧化剂的浓缩来源，与草莓和樱桃的含量相当)”可知，如果有人需要一碗咖喱味的鸡肉汤面，他应该选择姜黄。故选C。
195．细节理解题。根据Can you freeze MILK?部分中“Milk will expand when frozen, because of its water content, so allow some space for this expansion in the container you’re using.(牛奶在冷冻时会膨胀，因为它含有水分，所以在你使用的容器中要留出一定的膨胀空间)”可知，大容器更可取，因为它给冷冻牛奶膨胀的空间。故选C。
196．推理判断题。根据How to use sesame oil部分中“Sesame oil has a gorgeous flavor and a higher smoking point than olive oil, making it excellent for stir-fries. But you can also take full advantage of the flavor by adding it at the end of the cooking.(香油味道鲜美，烟点比橄榄油高，非常适合炒菜。但你也可以在烹饪结束时加入它来充分利用它的味道)”可知，香油适合炒菜，也可在烹饪结束时用来调味，所以它的适应性强。故选A。
Want to explore new cultures, meet new people and do something worthwhile at the same time? You can do all three with the Global Development Association (GDA).
Whatever stage of life you’re at, wherever you go and whatever project you do in GDA, you’ll create positive changes in poor and remote communities.
We work with volunteers of all ages and backgrounds. Most of our volunteers are aged 17-24. Now we need volunteer managers aged 25-75. They are extremely important in the safe and effective running of our programs. We have such roles as project managers and communication officers.
Depending on which role you choose, you could help to increase a community’s access to safe drinking water, or help to protect valuable local cultures. You might also design an adventure challenge to train young volunteers.
Not only will you help our young volunteers to develop personally, you’ll also learn new skills and increase your cultural awareness. You may have chances to meet new people who’ll become your lifelong friends.
This summer we have both 4-week and 7-week programs：
Country
Schedule
4-week programs
7-week programs
Algeria
5 Jul. - 1 Aug.
20 Jun. - 7 Aug.
Egypt
24 Jul. - 20 Aug.
19 Jun. - 6 Aug.
Kenya
20 Jul. - 16 Aug.
18 Jun. - 5 Aug.
South Africa
2 Aug. - 29 Aug.
15 Jun. - 2 Aug.
GDA ensures that volunteers work with community members and local project partners in places where our help is most needed. All of our projects are aimed at promoting the development of poor and remote communities.There is no other chance like a GDA programme. Join us as a volunteer manager to develop your own skills while bringing benefits to these communities.
Find out more about joining a GDA programme:
Website: www.glodeve.org
Email: humanresources@glodeve.org
197．What is the main responsibility of volunteer managers?
A．To seek local partners. B．To take in young volunteers.
C．To carry out programs. D．To promote cultural awareness.
198．The programme beginning in August will operate in ______.
A．Egypt B．Algeria C．Kenya D．South Africa
199．The shared goal of GDA’s projects is to ______.
A．explore new cultures B．help communities in need
C．protect the environment D．receive corporate benefits
200．Where can you probably find this passage?
A．On the website of American culture.
B．In the social work section of a newspaper.
C．On the leaflet of a travel agency.
D．On the report of an international meeting.

【答案】197．C    198．D    199．B    200．B

【导语】本文是一篇应用文，是招募一些志愿者管理者的广告，并阐述了志愿者管理者的主要职责。
197．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Depending on which role you choose, you could help to increase a community’s access to safe drinking water, or help to protect valuable local cultures. You might also design an adventure challenge to train young volunteers.(根据你选择的角色，你可以帮助增加一个社区获得安全饮用水的机会，或者帮助保护有价值的当地文化。你也可以设计一个冒险挑战来训练年轻的志愿者。)”可知，志愿者经理的主要职责是执行项目计划。故选C。
198．细节理解题。根据表格中4-week programmes中的最后一个“South Africa:  2 Aug—29 Aug(南非：8月2日——8月29日)”可知，从8月开始的项目将在南非进行，故选D。
199．细节理解题。根据第二段“you’ll create positive changes in poor and remote communities(你将为贫穷和偏远的社区带来积极的改变)”和表格下面一段中的“All of our projects are aimed at promoting the development of poor and remote communities.(我们所有的项目都旨在促进贫困和偏远社区的发展。)”可知，GDA项目的共同目标就是促进偏远贫穷区域的发展，即帮助有需要的社区。故选B。
200．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第三段的“We work with volunteers of all ages and backgrounds. Most of our volunteers are aged 17-24. Now we need volunteer managers aged 25-75. They are extremely important in the safe and effective running of our programs. We have such roles as project managers and communication officers.(我们与不同年龄和背景的志愿者一起工作。我们的志愿者大多在17-24岁之间。现在我们需要25-75岁的志愿者经理。他们对我们项目的安全和有效运行极为重要。我们有项目经理和沟通官员这样的角色。)”可知，本文是招募一些志愿者管理者的广告，因此可能在报纸的社会工作版上能发现这篇文章，故选B。
The Advice Gap
Advice My Parents Gave Me: Go to college and major in what you love.
Advice I Will Give My Kids: Go to college only if you’ll major in science, engineering, or money. It’s a depressing job market, and majoring in English literature or anything with the word English in it has been useless since 1910s.
My Parents: Never show up to a party empty-handed.
Me: Never show up to a party. Send a text to the host twenty minutes before the party starts to say that you’re “sooooooo sorry” to cancel but your stomach is feeling “weird.”
My Parents: To find a job, walk into the offices of ABC News’s “This Week with George Stephanopoulos” and ask for one.
Me: Apply to jobs via LinkedIn, Zip-Recruiter, or your connections. Write a cover letter and attach your résumé, then manually enter the same information through the company’s portal, which looks as though it were designed in Microsoft Paint. Do this twenty times a day for two years, and you’re bound to make it to a third round of phone interviews before getting ghosted.
My Parents: Learn the difference between a 401(k) (an employer-sponsored defined-contribution pension account) and a Roth I.R.A．(a special retirement account) so that you can start investing early.
Me: Learn the difference between a 401(k) and a Roth I.R.A．so that you can explain it to me.
My Parents: Never wait to do your taxes.
Me: If you wait long enough to do your taxes, there might be a global crisis that forces the federal government to extend the deadline: Then you can wait some more and do them right before the new deadline.
My Parents: Work hard so you can save for retirement.
Me: Retirement is something you’ll read about in your history books under the tile “Abstract Ideas.”
My Parents: When we’re gone, look after your siblings and never fight with them over money!
Me: When I’m gone, clear my browser history. Don’t quarrel with your siblings over who gets my monthly ten-cent payments from Medium (an American online publishing platform).

201．Why do you think the author has written this passage?
A．To present a better guide for young people today.
B．To show his annoyance with his parents’ advice.
C．To exhibit his capability of living a worthy life.
D．To demonstrate the contemporary generation gap.
202．Which of the following suggestions is the author most UNLIKELY to agree with?
A．Science majors should be favored over those related to English in college.
B．Job seekers should try various means and prepare for gloomy prospects.
C．You should check your stomach first before texting to the host of a party.
D．Siblings shouldn’t fight with each other but protect their gone parents’ privacy.
203．When it comes to finances, the author holds the idea that ________.
A．saving for retirement contributes to a better grasp of history books about abstract ideas.
B．the younger generation may inherit the legacy of their parents’ payment bills in the future.
C．the knowledge about a 401(k) and a Roth I.R.A is quite significant for early investment.
D．doing taxes is absolutely urgent, even allowing for unpredictable economic conditions.

【答案】201．D    202．C    203．A

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过对比举例的方式告诉读者，作者自己的父母和自己在一些方面给孩子的建议会有什么不同。
201．推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，作者从多个方面展开比较，比较自己的父母和自己在一些理念上的不同，也就是建议的不同；再根据标题“The Advice Gap(建议差距)”可知，作者写这篇文章主要是为了阐述在提供建议这方面，作者和父母之间的代沟。故选D。
202．细节理解题。根据文章三、四两段“My Parents: Never show up to a party empty-handed. Me: Never show up to a party. Send a text to the host twenty minutes before the party starts to say that you’re “sooooooo sorry” to cancel but your stomach is feeling “weird.”(我的父母：永远不要空手去参加聚会。我：从不出席派对。在聚会开始前20分钟给主人发一条短信，告诉他你“非常非常抱歉”要取消聚会，但你的胃感觉“不舒服”。)”可知，这里的胃不舒服，只是作者不想参加聚会而编造的理由，不是真的胃不舒服。故选C。
203．推理判断题。根据文章第十一、十二段“My Parents: Work hard so you can save for retirement. Me: Retirement is something you’ll read about in your history books under the tile “Abstract Ideas.”(我的父母：努力工作，这样你就可以为退休存钱了。我：退休是你会在历史书的“抽象概念”栏下读到的事情。)”可知，作者认为退休以后不会存在，所以为退休存钱这样的说法以后也只能在历史书中才能看到。故选A。
Since teenage friendships are often a never-ending revolving door of gossip between peers, what can be said about high school friendships? How long can they last outside of high school? And how does one affect an individual?
Growing up with movies such as “High School Musical” and “Grease”, which portrayed the ideal high school friendships, we sometimes have the expectation of having a perfect relationship, staying in contact after graduation, possibly even graduating from college together and becoming lifelong friends.  
Chances are you may experience genuine and pare friendships but still encounter failed ones, so high school is a time to think about what kind of people you do and do not want in your life. Although most adults see high school drama as silly, teenagers can be in the “this is the end of the world” mindset when it comes to minor inconvenience. Most teens have not realized the big question when dealing with high school problems: In five years, will this still matter? It is hard to look at the big picture when the problems are in front of you, which is understandable. However, most teens need a moment to weigh and question if the problem matters in the long run.
“In the end, the friends who are inclusive and only want to see you happy and successful are the ones that really matter. Those people have helped me grow as a person. Drama is drama, and there’s no way to get around it, but if you focus on those positive people, you are sure to live a happy life socially and individually,” Karen Hart said.
As time goes on, the fiends you were in contact with after high school slowly dwindle. People embark on different pathways and go different directions. Briana Lopez, Class of 2008 graduate and current substitute teacher, said, “I am currently in contact with two high school friends. I think the friendship experiences I had in high school shaped who I am because I learned to be open-minded and be friend all kinds of people. I learned to see people for who they are, not what they wear or who they hang out with. I learned most of all how to be a good friend.”
High school is a small percentage of your life, but it has a huge impact on who you will become and where you will go. Friendships and relationships help mold who you are, be they good or bad. Lessons are brought, and lessons are learned. If you are currently dealing amongst high school drama, ask yourself: In five years, will this really matter?
204．The author mentioned “High School Musical” and “Grease” in paragraph 2 mainly to show ________.
A．high school relationships are not ideally portrayed
B．such movies are quite popular among grown-ups
C．teenage viewers expect perfect school friendships
D．high school friends always become lifelong friends
205．If Lily, a 16-year-old high school student finds difficulty dealing with high school drama, which of the following tip might be helpful?
A．Ask herself: “In five years, is it a big deal?”
B．Feel worried about “this is the end of the world”.
C．Treat failed friendships equally as genuine ones.
D．Pay close attention to the problem facing her.
206．The underlined word “dwindle” (Line 1, Paragraph 5) is closest in meaning to ________.
A．become greater, more serious or more extreme
B．improve something and make it more successful
C．return to a normal condition after difficulty
D．decrease in size, amount value, or degree
207．According to the passage, how do high school friendships impact an individual?
A．Exclusive friends help one grow and live a pleasant life.
B．They may shape one’s personality and paths in the future.
C．One tends to judge people based on appearance and style.
D．Positive friends reach out to help avoid high school drama.

【答案】204．C    205．A    206．D    207．B

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了我们高中时期的友谊可能产生的影响和应该如何看等待高中时期的友谊。
204．推理判断题。根据第二段“Growing up with movies such as “High School Musical” and “Grease”, which portrayed the ideal high school friendships, we sometimes have the expectation of having a perfect relationship, staying in contact after graduation, possibly even graduating from college together and becoming lifelong friends. (电影《歌舞青春》和《油脂》描绘了理想的高中友谊，在它们的陪伴下成长起来的我们，有时会期待拥有一段完美的友谊：在毕业后保持联系，甚至可能一起从大学毕业，成为一生的朋友)”可推知，作者在第二段提到《歌舞青春》和《油脂》主要是为了说明青少年观众受电影影响，期待完美的校园友谊。故选C项。
205．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Although most adults see high school drama as silly, teenagers can be in the “this is the end of the world” mindset when it comes to minor inconvenience. Most teens have not realized the big question when dealing with high school problems: In five years, will this still matter? It is hard to look at the big picture when the problems are in front of you, which is understandable. However, most teens need a moment to weigh and question if the problem matters in the long run.(尽管大多数成年人认为高中关于友谊的闹剧是愚蠢的，但青少年在遇到这类小麻烦时可能会有“这是世界末日”的心态。大多数青少年在处理高中问题时没有意识到一个更重要的问题：五年后，这还会重要吗？当问题就在眼前的时候，很难看到大局，这是可以理解的。然而，大多数青少年需要一点时间来权衡和思考这个问题是否有长期的影响)”可推知，如果16岁的高中生莉莉在处理关于友谊的闹剧方面遇到困难，作者会建议她问自己：五年后，这还会重要吗？故选A项。
206．词句猜测题。根据划线词所在部分“As time goes on, the fiends you were in contact with after high school slowly dwindle. People embark on different pathways and go different directions.(随着时间的推移，你在高中毕业后接触的朋友会慢慢dwindle。人们走上不同的道路，走向不同的方向)”中“As time goes on”和“People embark on different pathways and go different directions.”可推知，因为毕业后走上了不同的道路和方向，高中的朋友会渐行渐远，越来越少，dwindle即“decrease in size, amount value, or degree (大小、数量、价值或程度的减少)”。故选D项。
207．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“High school is a small percentage of your life, but it has a huge impact on who you will become and where you will go. (高中生活只占你生活的一小部分，但它对你将来成为什么样的人、你要去哪里有着巨大的影响)”可推知，高中友谊可能会塑造一个人的个性和他未来的道路。故选B项。
We usually think of archaeology as involving brave explorers and lots of painstaking digging. But today, long-hidden cities are being revealed from the air, where modern archaeologists use laser beams to spot evidence of ancient life buried beneath thick vegetation.
Lidar, short for “light detection and ranging” (and a cousin of radio-based radar), involves directing a rapid succession of laser pulses at the ground from an airplane or a drone. Software captures the time and wavelength of the pulses reflected from the surface and combines it with GPS and other data to produce a precise three-dimensional map of the landscape below. These high-tech explorations have revealed long-buried Mayan cities.
In recent years, lidar has exposed a sprawling ancient city in western Mexico called Angamuco, The discovery of this long-lost Mexican large city is especially significant. Built by the Pur pecha, Angamuco was a major civilization in the early 16th century, before Europeans arrived. The city extended over ten square miles before it was covered by a lava flow. That is a huge area with a lot of people. There are about 40, 000 building foundations there, which is about the same number of building foundations that are on the island of Manhattan. The Pur pecha’s main buildings were loosely sited in eight zones around the edges rather than being located in one large center.
“To think that this massive city existed in the heartland of Mexico for all this time and nobody knew it was there is amazing,” says Chris Fisher, an archaeologist who led the expedition.
The revelation of Angamuco is a prime example of the power and promise of lidar. Archaeologists discovered signs of the buried city in 2007 and initially attempted to explore it using a traditional “boots on the ground” approach. But the team soon realized that with the rugged terrain, it would take at least a decade to outline the entire massive city.
In 2011, they began using lidar to map nearly 14 square miles, revealing many astonishing features, from pyramids and temples to road systems, garden areas, and even ball courts. This gave them the “map” they needed to know where to explore further. So far, Fisher and his team have verified more than 7,000 architectural features over a 1.5-square-mile area. The earliest artifacts include ceramic fragments and other remains dating as far back as AD 900.
All told, researchers now believe that more than 100, 000 people lived in Angamuco from about AD 1000 to AD 1350. That makes it the biggest city in western Mexico at the time-or at least the biggest city we know about so far.
“Everywhere you point the lidar instrument, you find new stuff,” says Fisher. “Right now, every textbook has to be rewritten, and two years from now, they’re going to have to be rewritten again.”
208．__________may be necessary aids when lidar is used.
A．GPS, software and laser pulses B．A drone, radar and a map
C．An aeroplane, software and GPS D．A drone, an aeroplane and a map
209．The underlined word “sprawling” in Para. 3 means the ancient city was __________.
A．planned in a detailed way B．spreading in an untidy way
C．massive but well-designed D．long-buried but well-preserved
210．Which of the following statements is TRUE about the city of Angamuco?
A．Angamuco was the first ancient city discovered with radar.
B．The area of the city was as big as that of the island of Manhattan.
C．Angamuco was probably the biggest city in westen Mexico at that time.
D．The rugged terrain in Angamuco prevented the explorers from using radar.
211．What can be inferred from the passage?
A．Lidar has been widely accepted by the archaeologists in western Mexico.
B．The current knowledge about the city of Angamuco might be out of date.
C．But for lidar it would be impossible to know what the city of Angamuco looked like.
D．The archaeologists spent almost ten years exploring Angamuco using traditional tools.

【答案】208．C    209．B    210．C    211．C

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了科学家通过激光雷达发现了位于墨西哥西部的一座名为安加穆科的庞大古城。这座遗失已久的墨西哥大城市的发现意义非凡。文章介绍了这项技术的工作原理以及这座古城的相关情况。
208．细节理解题。根据第二段“Lidar, short for “light detection and ranging” (and a cousin of radio-based radar), involves directing a rapid succession of laser pulses at the ground from an airplane or a drone. Software captures the time and wavelength of the pulses reflected from the surface and combines it with GPS and other data to produce a precise three-dimensional map of the landscape below. These high-tech explorations have revealed long-buried Mayan cities.(激光雷达是“光探测和测距”的缩写（也是无线电雷达的近亲），涉及从飞机或无人机向地面定向快速连续的激光脉冲。软件捕捉从地表反射的脉冲的时间和波长，并将其与GPS和其他数据结合起来，生成下面景观的精确三维地图。这些高科技的探索揭示了埋藏已久的玛雅城市)”可知，一架飞机、软件和GPS可能是使用激光雷达时必要的辅助。故选C。
209．词句猜测题。根据画线词后文“Built by the Pur pecha, Angamuco was a major civilization in the early 16th century, before Europeans arrived.(由普尔佩查人建造的安加穆科是16世纪早期欧洲人到来之前的主要文明)”以及第三段中“The Pur pecha’s main buildings were loosely sited in eight zones around the edges rather than being located in one large center.(普尔佩查人的主要建筑松散地分布在周边的八个区域，而不是位于一个大的中心)”可知，激光雷达发现了位于墨西哥西部的一座名为安加穆科的庞大古城，而安加穆科是由普尔佩查人修建的，普尔佩查人修建的建筑松散地分布在周边的八个区域，故这座古城是以不规整的方式扩展的。故sprawl表示这座古城是以不规整的方式扩展的。故选B。
210．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“That makes it the biggest city in western Mexico at the time-or at least the biggest city we know about so far.(这使它成为当时墨西哥西部最大的城市，或者至少是我们目前所知道的最大的城市)”可知，C项“安加穆科可能是当时墨西哥西部最大的城市”正确。故选C。
211．推理判断题。根据第四段““To think that this massive city existed in the heartland of Mexico for all this time and nobody knew it was there is amazing,” says Chris Fisher, an archaeologist who led the expedition.(带领探险队的考古学家克里斯·费舍尔说：“想想这个巨大的城市一直存在于墨西哥的中心地带，却没有人知道它的存在，这真是令人惊讶。”)”可推知，如果没有激光雷达，就不可能知道安加穆科城是什么样子。故选C。
About 50 years ago, the famous British band The Beatles sang that “money can’t buy me love”. Today, British economists are saying that it perhaps can’t buy you happiness cither. This is showed by the Happy Planet Index (HPI 快乐指数) published recently by the New Economics Foundation (NEF) in London.
The index is about how well countries are using their resources. It shows how well they provide people with better health and longer and happier lives, and at what cost to their environment.
It would seem to be common sense that people in richer countries live happier lives, while those in developing countries are having a harder time. But the results are surprising, even shocking. The numbers show that some of the so-called developed countries are performing very badly. The United States, for example, ranks number 150th. On the other hand, some little-known developing countries are doing a much better job. A tiny island in the Pacific, Vanuatu, comes in first. There are 178 countries and areas in the index. China ranks number 31.
Countries are graded on the basis of information supplied in response to the following questions. How do people feel about their lives? How long does an average person live? How greatly does a country need to use its natural resources to maintain its living standards? This is what the index calls the “ecological footprint”.
The NEF found that the people of island nations enjoy the highest HPI rankings. Their populations live happier and longer lives, and use fewer resources.
The results also seem to show that it is possible to live longer, happier lives with a much smaller environment impact. The index points out that people in the US and Germany enjoy similar lives.
“However, Germany’s ecological footprint is only about half that of the US. This means that Germany is around twice as efficient as the US at producing happy lives,” says Nic Marks, head of NEF’s Center for well-being.
So the Happy Planet Index (HPI) tells us a brand-new concept of understanding “being happy”. HPI figures out different countries or individuals’ HPI through their “Ecological Footprint” and “Life Satisfaction Level” or “Life Expectancy”. Clearly, people’s HPI is related to their consumption of the resources on the earth.
You can find out your own HPI by visiting http: //www, happyplanetindex.org.
212．The passage is mainly about __________.
A．in which country people feel the happiest
B．why money can’t buy you happiness
C．what index can influence people’s happiness
D．what Happy Planet Index is
213．According to the passage, __________plays a major part in the index.
A．the richness of natural resources
B．the efficiency of energy consumption
C．the development of economy
D．the life expectancy of the people
214．What can we learn from the passage?
A．The happiest countries listed in the index are quite different from those expected.
B．Developing countries are having & hard time reaching the top of the index.
C．Countries that have high HPI rankings have a greater impact on the environment.
D．The less happy countries depend on the developed countries’ resources.
215．The author cites Germany as an example to show that __________.
A．some developed countries are performing badly ecologically
B．it is possible to live a happy life with fewer resources
C．not all the people in developed countries enjoy happy lives
D．history and culture play an important role in people’s lives

【答案】212．D    213．B    214．A    215．B

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了最近发布的全球幸福指数说明的问题。
212．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其根据第一段中“This is showed by the Happy Planet Index (HPI 快乐指数) published recently by the New Economics Foundation (NEF) in London.(伦敦新经济基金会（NEF）最近发布的全球幸福指数（HPI）说明了这一点。)”等内容可知，本文主要是围绕着最近发布的全球幸福指数所说明的问题展开论述的。故选D项。
213．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Clearly, people’s HPI is related to their consumption of the resources on the earth. (显然，人类的HPI与他们对地球资源的消耗有关。)”可知，根据这篇文章，能源消耗效率在幸福指数中起着重要作用。故选B项。
214．推理判断题。根据第三段中“It would seem to be common sense that people in richer countries live happier lives, while those in developing countries are having a harder time. But the results are surprising, even shocking. The numbers show that some of the so-called developed countries are performing very badly. (富裕国家的人生活得更幸福，而发展中国家的人生活得更艰难，这似乎是常识。但结果令人惊讶，甚至震惊。数字表明，一些所谓的发达国家表现得非常糟糕。)”可知，指数中列出的最幸福国家与预期相差很大。故选A项。
215．推理判断题。根据第六段中“The index points out that people in the US and Germany enjoy similar lives. (该指数指出，美国人和德国人享受着相似的生活。)”和第七段中“However, Germany’s ecological footprint is only about half that of the US. This means that Germany is around twice as efficient as the US at producing happy lives.( 然而，德国的生态足迹只有美国的一半左右。这意味着德国在创造幸福生活方面的效率大约是美国的两倍。)”可知，作者以德国为例说明用更少的资源也能过上幸福的生活。故选B项。
Many factors can interfere with a good night’s sleep — from work stress and family responsibilities to illnesses. You might not be able to control the factors that interfere with your sleep. However, you can adopt habits that encourage better sleep. Start with these simple tips.
1. Stick to a sleep scheduleSet aside no more than eight hours for sleep. The recommended amount of sleep for a healthy adult is at least seven hours. Most people don’t need more than eight hours in bed to be well rested. Go to bed and get up at the same time every day, including weekends. Being consistent reinforces your body’s sleep-wake cycle. If you don’t fall asleep within about 20 minutes of going to bed, leave your bedroom and do something relaxing. Read or listen to soothing music. Go back to bed when you’re tired. Repeat as needed, but continue to maintain your sleep schedule and wake-up time.
2. Pay attention to what you eat and drink
Don’t go to bed hungry or stuffed. In particular, avoid heavy or large meals within a couple of hours of bedtime. Discomfort might keep you up. Caffeine and alcohol deserve caution, too. The stimulating effects of caffeine take hours to wear off and can interfere with sleep. And even though alcohol might make you feel sleepy at first, it can disrupt sleep later in the night.
3. Create a restful environment
Keep your room cool, dark and quiet. Exposure to light in the evenings might make it more challenging to fall asleep. Avoid prolonged use of light-emitting screens just before bedtime. Consider using room-darkening shades, earplugs, a fan or other devices to create an environment that suits your needs. Doing calming activities before bedtime, such as taking a bath or using relaxation techniques, might promote better sleep.
4. Limit daytime naps
Long daytime naps can interfere with nighttime sleep. Limit naps to no more than one hour and avoid napping late in the day. However, if you work nights, you might need to nap late in the day before work to help make up your sleep debt.
5. Include physical activity in your daily routine
Regular physical activity can promote better sleep. However, avoid being active too close to bedtime. Spending time outside every day might be helpful, too.
6. Manage worries
Try to resolve your worries or concerns before bedtime. Jot down what’s on your mind and then set it aside for tomorrow. Stress management might help. Start with the basics, such as getting organized, setting priorities and delegating tasks.

216．What can be learned from the passage?A．It’s not hard to control the factors interfering with our sleep.
B．The longer we sleep, the better we feel.
C．It’s better to remain in bed when you fail to fall asleep.
D．Stress can contribute to bad sleep.
217．According to the article, which of the following encourages better sleep?
A．Do physical exercise before going to bed. B．Drink alcohol to get sleepy.
C．Avoid long naps during the day. D．Do some indoor activities.
218．This article is most likely to come from ____________.
A．a travel magazine B．an advertisement
C．a health magazine D．an informal letter

【答案】216．D    217．C    218．C

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些有助于睡眠的建议。
216．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Many factors can interfere with a good night’s sleep — from work stress and family responsibilities to illnesses.(从工作压力、家庭责任到疾病，很多因素都会影响一个好的睡眠)”可知，压力会导致睡眠不好，故选D。
217．细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“Long daytime naps can interfere with nighttime sleep.(白天小睡时间过长会影响夜间睡眠)”可知，白天避免长时间小睡可以促进更好的睡眠。故选C。
218．推理判断题。根据第一段“Many factors can interfere with a good night’s sleep — from work stress and family responsibilities to illnesses. You might not be able to control the factors that interfere with your sleep. However, you can adopt habits that encourage better sleep. Start with these simple tips.(从工作压力、家庭责任到疾病，很多因素都会影响一个好的睡眠。你可能无法控制干扰你睡眠的因素。然而，你可以养成促进更好睡眠的习惯。从这些简单的建议开始吧)”可推知，文章可能选自健康杂志。故选C。
To celebrate his friend’s birthday, Luke Fortune drove from a small town in Central Oregon to Portland, where he parked his car in a paid garage overnight. The next morning, he discovered that the car’s window had been smashed, along with his dreams for the future: His backpack and computer were gone.
“Everything important to me was on that computer,” said Fortune, 21, who is studying to become a paramedic.
Two days after the theft, another young man was standing outside his apartment, also in Portland. Masoud Almazrouei, 29, was an exchange student from the United Arab Emirates. He had been approached by a man who said he had a computer for sale. Only $200. Almazrouei, who had been in the United States for only a year, admits now that he was naïve. But he needed a computer so he bought it, took it home, and turned it on. Within seconds, he saw files and photographs.
“I wondered who would sell a computer with all of this on it,” he said. “I realized it could be stolen.” Almazrouei found what appeared to be the owner’s cell phone number and called it.
Fortune didn’t trust this guy with a thick accent and thought it was a scam.
Soon after, a police officer called Fortune to say that a man had dropped the computer off and had said he was sorry. He passed along the man’s number.
Fortune called and thanked Almazrouei and insisted on paying him a reward of $200, the money he was out. Almazrouei refused. He said it was his mistake to buy the computer from someone he didn’t know. More important, he said, it was his honor and duty as a Muslim to return the property to the rightful owner. “I saw a photo of this man in his paramedic uniform,” Almazrouei said. “They help people. He is a good man. I don’t want my money back.”
Still, the encounter produced its own kind of rewards. For Fortune, it was a lesson in cultural awareness amid the sometimes bitter national debate about immigrants, especially from the Arab world. “I’m from a small mainly white town,” Fortune said. “I’ve never met a Muslim. He’s a good man.”
Almazrouei’s lesson was perhaps more complex. When a story about the two young men’s encounter made it to the local papers, Almazrouei received a call from Wim Wiewel, the president of Portland State University, where Almazrouei is studying economics.
“We thought since you gave back the laptop, we should give you a laptop so that you’ll have one,” Wiewel told him. “We’re very proud of you. It was a great story, but you did the right thing.”
219．What is the correct order of the events that happened?
①The computer was stolen in a paid garage.
②Almazmouei found a lot of files and photographs in the computer.
③Unsuspecting, Almazrouei bought the computer at $200.
④Almazrouei called Fortune but it didn’t work.
A．①②③④ B．①③②④ C．③④②① D．②①③④
220．The underlined word “scam” in Para. 5 is closest in meaning to “_________”.
A．trick B．game C．gamble D．accident
221．What does the author mean by saying “Still, the encounter produced its own kind of rewards” in Para. 8?
A．Kindness will eventually pay off one day.
B．Almazrouei got admitted into a renowned university.
C．Fortune could seek his dream with his computer back.
D．Both of the young men learned something in their own way.
222．What can be inferred from the passage?
A．Theft is common in Portland.
B．Almazrouei was short of money.
C．Fortune could not realize his dreams without his computer.
D．Fortune used to discriminate against Muslims.

【答案】219．B    220．A    221．D    222．D

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个名叫Luke Fortune的年轻人的电脑失而复得的故事。
219．细节理解题。根据第一段中“The next morning, he discovered that the car’s window had been smashed, along with his dreams for the future: His backpack and computer were gone. (第二天早上，他发现车窗被打碎了，他对未来的梦想也被打碎了：他的背包和电脑都不见了)”、第三段中“But he needed a computer so he bought it, took it home, and turned it on. (但是他需要一台电脑，所以他买了它，带回家，并打开了它。)”和“Within seconds, he saw files and photographs. (几秒钟之内，他就看到了文件和照片)”以及第四段中“Almazrouei found what appeared to be the owner’s cell phone number and called it. (Almazrouei找到了似乎是主人的手机号码，并拨打了它)”可知，首先，电脑被盗，然后被Almazrouei买到，然后发现文件和照片，最后打电话给失主。故选B项。
220．词句猜测题。根据划线词句前文“Almazrouei found what appeared to be the owner’s cell phone number and called it. (Almazrouei找到了似乎是主人的手机号码，并拨打了它)”及后文“Soon after, a police officer called Fortune to say that a man had dropped the computer off and had said he was sorry. (没过多久，一名警察打电话给Fortune，说有个男人放他那里一台电脑，并说他很抱歉)”可知，Almazrouei先打电话给Fortune，但没交还电脑，而后，他把电脑交给了警察，说明Fortune起初认为这是个骗局。结合划线词句“Fortune didn’t trust this guy with a thick accent and thought it was a scam. (Fortune不相信这个口音很重的家伙，认为这是个scam)”可知，划线词汇应为“骗局”的意思。故选A项。
221．词句猜测题。根据划线句子后文“For Fortune, it was a lesson in cultural awareness amid the sometimes bitter national debate about immigrants, especially from the Arab world. (对于Fortune来说，在关于移民，特别是来自阿拉伯世界的移民，有时是激烈的民族主义的辩论中，这是一个文化意识的教训)”和倒数第二段中“Almazrouei’s lesson was perhaps more complex. (Almazrouei得到的经验教训可能更加复杂)”可知，划线句子意思是“两个年轻人都以自己的方式得到了一些经验教训。”故选D项。
222．推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中“For Fortune, it was a lesson in cultural awareness amid the sometimes bitter national debate about immigrants, especially from the Arab world. (对于Fortune来说，在关于移民，特别是来自阿拉伯世界的移民，有时是激烈的民族主义的辩论中，这是一个文化意识的教训)”以及Fortune所说的“I’m from a small mainly white town. (我来自一个以白人为主的小镇)”及“I’ve never met a Muslim. He’s a good man. (我从没见过穆斯林。他是个好人)”可以推知，Fortune过去歧视穆斯林。故选D项。
Many years ago, my dad was facing a serious heart condition. He was unable to work a steady job. He fell suddenly ill and had to be admitted to the hospital.
He wanted to do something to keep himself busy, so he decided to volunteer at the local children’s hospital. My dad loved kids. It was the perfect job for him. He ended up working with the seriously ill children. He would talk, play, and do arts with them.
One of his kids was a girl with a rare disease that paralyzed (瘫痪) her from the neck down. She couldn’t do anything, and she was very depressed. My dad decided to try to help her. He started visiting her in her room, bringing paints, brushes and paper. He stood the paper up, put the paintbrush in his mouth and began to paint. He didn’t use his hands at all. All the while he would tell her, “See, you can do anything you set your mind to.”
At the end of the day, she began to paint using her mouth, and she and my dad became friends. Soon after, the little girl was sent home because the doctors felt there was nothing else they could do for her. My dad also left the children’s hospital for a little while because he became ill. Some time later after my dad had recovered and returned to work, in came the little girl who had been paralyzed, only this time she was walking. She ran straight over to my dad and hugged him really tight. She gave him a picture she had done using her hands. At the bottom it read: “Thank you for helping me walk.”
My dad would cry every time he told us this story and so would we. He would say sometimes love is more powerful than doctors, and my dad – who died just a few months after the little girl gave him the picture – loved every single child in that hospital.
223．The author’s father worked at the local hospital to _______.
A．ease his serious heart condition B．realize his childhood dream
C．earn money to pay for treatment D．keep himself occupied and happy
224．How did the author’s father help the paralyzed little girl?
A．He showed her she could still do things. B．He painted special pictures for her.
C．He helped her practise walking. D．He visited her and made a toy for her.
225．According to paragraph 4, the paralyzed girl _______.
A．eventually became a unique painter B．gradually recovered and walked
C．was sent home and never seen again D．sent him a picture painted with her mouth
226．What message does the passage mainly convey?
A．A sick person should not focus on his disease. B．Volunteering is a worthwhile thing to do.
C．Love can sometimes bring great results. D．It’s better to give than to receive.

【答案】223．D    224．A    225．B    226．C

【导语】本文为记叙文，主要讲述了一个瘫痪的小女孩在作者父亲爱的鼓励下逐渐恢复，到最后可以走路的故事。
223．细节理解题。结合第二段第一句“He wanted to do something to keep himself busy, so he decided to volunteer at the local children’s hospital(他想做点什么让自己保持忙碌，所以他决定去当地的儿童医院做志愿者)”可知，作者的父亲去当地医院是为了让自己保持忙碌和快乐。故选D项。
224．细节理解题。结合第三段中“He started visiting her in her room, bringing paints, brushes and paper. He stood the paper up, put the paintbrush in his mouth and began to paint. He didn’t use his hands at all.(他开始在她的房间里探望她，带上颜料、画笔和纸。他把纸立起来，把画笔放进嘴里，开始画画。他根本不用手)”可知，父亲是想告诉她，没有手，也可以做很多事情。故选A项。
225．细节理解题。结合第四段中“Some time later after my dad had recovered and returned to work, in came the little girl who had been paralyzed, only this time she was walking(过了一段时间，在我父亲康复并返回工作岗位后，一个瘫痪的小女孩进来了，只是这次她在走路)”可知，小女孩恢复了，可以走路了，故选B项。
226．主旨大意题。结合全文并结合最后一段的“He would say sometimes love is more powerful than doctors, and my dad – who died just a few months after the little girl gave him the picture – loved every single child in that hospital.(他会说，有时爱比医生更强大，而我的父亲——在小女孩给他照片几个月后去世——爱着医院里的每一个孩子)”可知，在父亲爱的鼓励下，一个瘫痪的女孩奇迹般地恢复到可以走了，说明了爱可以带来很好的结果。故选C项。
With two locations, the Getty Villa in Malibu and the Getty Center in Los Angeles, the J. Paul Getty Museum serves a wide variety of audiences through its expanded range of exhibitions and programming in the visual arts.
Parking information
Parking is $15; $10 after 4:00 p.m. Pay once, park twice on the same day. And get same-day parking at both the Getty Center and the Getty Villa for one $15 fee.
MORE information about visiting the Getty Center and the Getty Villa


@The Getty Center eSee spectacular art and architecture at the top of Los Angeles. Admission is Free.
Address:1200 Getty Center Drive, Los
Angeles, CA 90049
Open Hours: Tuesday–Friday and Sunday 10:00 a.m.–5:30 p.m.
Saturday 10:00 a.m.–9:00 p.m.
Closed Mondays
Open Mondays, December 21 and 28, 2020 Parking lot opens 9:30 a.m.
Holiday closures: Thanksgiving, December 25
(Christmas Day), and January 1
Food & Drinks
Lunch
Tuesday–Saturday 11:30 a.m.–2:30 p.m.
Dinner
Saturday 5:00–9:00 p.m.
Sunday Brunch
Sunday 11:00 a.m.–3:00 p.m.
Closed Mondays
@ The Getty Villa eVisit the ancient world of Greece and Rome.
Admission is Free. An advance timed-entry ticket is required.
Address
17985 Pacific Coast Highway, Pacific
Palisades, CA 90272
Open Hours:
Wednesday–Monday 10:00 a.m.–5:00 p.m. Closed Tuesdays
Open Tuesdays, December 22nd and 29, 2020
Holiday closures: Thanksgiving, December 25 (Christmas Day), and January 1
Food & Drinks
Cafe at the Getty Villa
Monday and Wednesday–Friday 11:00 a.m. – 3:00 p.m.
Saturday and Sunday 11:00 a.m.– 4:00 p.m.
Closed Tuesdays
No reservations are required for the Cafe. Menu selections are created seasonally. Wine and beer are also available.
Picnic Box Lunches
Enjoy your own boxed lunch and grab-and-go items at any of the Getty Villa’s public seating areas, including the Outdoor Classical Theater.

227．Mr. Larry drove to the Getty Center and the Getty Villa on December 23 (Wednesday), 2020, and enjoyed a wonderful tour there. He paid the parking fee _______ altogether.A．$10 B．$15
C．$20 D．$30
228．Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A．The J. Paul Getty Museum is an art museum housed on two sites.
B．The Getty Villa is closed on the same holidays as the Getty Center.
C．The sale of alcohol is forbidden to people in the J. Paul Getty Museum.
D．Timed tickets must be obtained in advance in the Getty Villa.
229．People who go to the Getty Villa may _______.
A．enjoy the views overlooking Los Angeles
B．conduct the visit any time because the tickets are free
C．appreciate the arts and cultures of ancient Greece and ancient Rome
D．have lunches they bring with them anywhere inside the exhibition area

【答案】227．B    228．C    229．C

【导语】本文为一篇应用文，主要介绍了参观the J. Paul Getty Museum的一些相关信息。
227．细节理解题。根据第二自然段中“And get same-day parking at both the Getty Center and the Getty Villa for one $15 fee（在盖蒂中心（Getty Center）和盖蒂别墅（Getty Villa），只需支付15美元，就可以在当天停车）”可知，需要支付15美元的停车费，故选B项。
228．细节理解题。结合表格中右面图片下“Closed Tuesdays”部分中“Wine and beer are also available（可提供葡萄酒和啤酒）”可知，可以携带酒水，C选项“The sale of alcohol is forbidden to people in the J. Paul Getty Museum（J.Paul Getty博物馆禁止向人们出售酒水）”与之不符，故选C项。
229．细节理解题。结合表格中“Visit the ancient world of Greece and Rome（参观古希腊和古罗马）”可知，C项“appreciate the arts and cultures of ancient Greece and ancient Rome（欣赏古希腊和古罗马的艺术和文化）”与之相符，故选C项。
The Comfort Inn, Ramsgate is a Victorian building located on the coast of the Isle of Thanet, overlooking the English Channel. Previously known as the famous San Glu Hotel, the Comfort Inn, Ramsgate is ranked 3 stars from AA and 3 stars from the London Tourism council.
It has 44 rooms consisting of single, double, twin, family and executive rooms. All rooms offer satellite TV and Internet access.
There is a well-stocked bar, and the restaurant has a menu offering traditional dishes, with a choice of tempting starters, a variety of main courses and desserts, with a pleasant and efficient waitress services. The hotel offers a friendly service with its own car park and unrestricted on-street parking nearby.
Local Points of Interest
The Comfort Inn, Ramsgate is centrally situated in a quiet location overlooking the sea. The hotel is close to the town center and only 1 km from Port Ramsgate.
For inland and overseas flights Gatwick International Airport is only 100 km. The local attractions include Championship Golf Courses, Canterbury Cathedral, and Dover Port. Dartford Tunnel is only 55 miles.
Conference & Banqueting
The Comfort Inn, Ramsgate provides excellent conference and banqueting facilities for 10 to 150 people. Special events include Christmas party nights, Christmas day lunch, Boxing Day Carvery, and our wonderful New Year’s Eve dinner and dance. In addition to the provision of food, wine, bar facilities and function rooms, the Hotel offers the following services:
• Extension of license
• Printing
• Flowers
• Toastmaster
• Bands
• Cabaret
• Cake
• Piano
• Photograph
How to Find the Comfort Inn
From the M25 highway, travelling clockwise (顺时针方向), take the M2 on to A299 and the A253 to Ramsgate, or if travelling anti-clockwise from the M25, take the M26 on to the M20, then the A249 to the M2, A299 and A 253. Once in Ramsgate, head to the harbor, then travel east until you reach the hotel.
230．What’s the purpose of the passage?
A．To recommend the Comfort Inn, Ramsgate to readers.
B．To tell readers how to get to the Comfort Inn, Ramsgate.
C．To introduce the facilities of the Comfort Inn, Ramsgate.
D．To show the convenience of Comfort Inn, Ramsgate.
231．It can be inferred from the passage that the Comfort Inn, Ramsgate ________.
A．is 55 miles to Canterbury Cathedral
B．was once the famous San Glu Hotel
C．is 1 km from the town center, Port Ramsgate
D．was built off the quiet Thanet coast in Victorian times
232．If we travel to the Comfort Inn, Ramsgate in either direction, we will have to take ________.
A．M2 and M20 B．A299 and A249
C．M25 and M26 D．M25 and M2

【答案】230．A    231．B    232．D

【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了拉姆斯盖特舒适酒店的相关信息及其附近的景点。
230．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“The Comfort Inn, Ramsgate is a Victorian building located on the coast of the Isle of Thanet, overlooking the English Channel. Previously known as the famous San Glu Hotel, the Comfort Inn, Ramsgate is ranked 3 stars from AA and 3 stars from the London Tourism council.”（拉姆斯盖特舒适酒店是一座维多利亚时代的建筑，位于萨尼特岛的海岸，俯瞰英吉利海峡。之前被称为著名的San Glu酒店，舒适酒店，目前被评为AA三星级酒店和伦敦旅游委员会三星级酒店。）可知，这篇文章主要向读者介绍拉姆斯盖特舒适酒店的相关信息。故选A项。
231．推理判断题。根据第一段第二句“Previously known as the famous San Glu Hotel, the Comfort Inn, Ramsgate is ranked 3 stars from AA and 3 stars from the London Tourism council.”（之前被称为著名的San Glu酒店，舒适酒店，目前被评为AA三星级酒店和伦敦旅游委员会三星级酒店。）可知，拉姆斯盖特舒适酒店之前被称为著名的San Glu酒店。故选B项。
232．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“From the M25 highway, travelling clockwise (顺时针方向), take the M2 on to A299 and the A253 to Ramsgate, or if travelling anti-clockwise from the M25, take the M26 on to the M20, then the A249 to the M2, A299 and A 253. Once in Ramsgate, head to the harbor, then travel east until you reach the hotel.”（从M25高速公路，顺时针行驶，乘M2上A299和A253到拉姆斯盖特，或者如果从M25逆时针行驶，乘M26上M20，然后乘A249到M2，A299和A253。到达拉姆斯盖特后，前往港口，然后向东旅行，直到到达酒店。）可知，可乘M25和M2到达酒店。故选D项。
Learning a second language is tricky at any age (and it only gets tougher the longer you wait to open that dusty French book). Now, in a new study, scientists have pinpointed the exact age at which your chances of reaching fluency in a second language seem to plummet: 10.
The study, published in the journal Cognition, found that it’s “nearly impossible” for language learners to reach native-level fluency if they start learning a second tongue after 10. But that doesn’t seem to be because language skills go downhill. “It turns out you’re still learning fast. It’s just that you run out of time, because your ability to learn starts dropping at around 17 or 18 years old,” says study co-author Joshua Hartshorne, an assistant professor of psychology at Boston College.
Kids may be better than adults at learning new languages for many reasons. Children’s brains are more plastic than those of adults, meaning they’re better able to adapt and respond to new information. “All learning involves the brain changing,” Hartshorne says, “and children’s brains seem to be a lot more skilled at changing.”
Kids may also be more willing to try new things (and to potentially look foolish in the process) than adults are. Their comparatively new grasp on their native tongue may also be advantageous. Unlike adults, who tend to default(默认)to the rules and patterns of their first language, kids may be able to approach a new one with a blank sheet of paper.
These findings may seem discouraging, but it was heartening for scientists to learn that the critical period for fluent language acquisition might be longer than they previously thought. Some scientists believed that the brief window closes shortly after birth, while others stretched it only to early adolescence. Compared to those estimates, 17 or 18 - when language learning ability starts to drop off - seems relatively old.
“People fared better when they learned by immersion(沉浸), rather than simply in a classroom. And moving to a place where your desired language is spoken is the best way to learn as an adult. If that’s not an option, you can mimic an immersive environment by finding ways to have conversations with native speakers in their own communities,” Hartshorne says. By doing so, it’s possible to become conversationally proficient - even without the advantage of a child’s brain.
233．The word “plummet” in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to _________.
A．dive B．rise C．end D．vary
234．What can be inferred from Joshua Hartshorne’s words?
A．Age 10-18 is the best time to learn a second language.
B．Children are too young to grasp a second language.
C．Communicating with native speakers enables you to master all the language skills.
D．Adults go beyond the critical period for learning a second language.
235．What might be the reason why adults can’t reach native-level fluency in a second language?
A．Adults are less influenced by their mother tongues.
B．Adults spend more time responding to new information.
C．Adults are only too willing to experience something awkward in the process.
D．Adults prefer an immersive environment to a classroom in learning a second language.
236．The passage is mainly about _________.
A．the best age for language learning
B．the approaches to learning a second language
C．the fact that kids learn a second language more easily than adults
D．why adults need an immersive environment for second language learning

【答案】233．A    234．D    235．B    236．C

【导语】文是一篇说明文，介绍了为什么孩子比成年人学第二语言更容易。
233．词义猜测题。根据第一段中的“Learning a second language is tricky at any age (and it only gets tougher the longer you wait to open that dusty French book)(学习第二语言在任何年龄都是棘手的(你打开那本满是灰尘的法语书的时间越长，它只会变得越困难))”可知，此处承接等的时间越长，学习与研究会变的越难这一话题，说明随着年龄的增长，语言学习能力开始下降，此处说的是科学家们已经确定了你读第二语言流利程度下降的确切年龄：10岁，由此可知画线词词义为“下降”，A项：dive(突然大幅贬值，暴跌；下降)正确。故A项正确。
234．推理判断题。根据第二段中的““It’s just that you run out of time, because your ability to learn starts dropping at around 17 or 18 years old,” says study co-author Joshua Hartshorne, an assistant professor of psychology at Boston College(只是你的时间不多了，因为你的学习能力在十七八岁左右开始下降，该研究的合著者、波士顿学院心理学助理教授约书亚·哈茨霍恩说)”可知，人一旦到了十七八岁成年的时候就过了学习第二语言的关键时期，故D项正确。
235．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Children’s brains are more plastic than those of adults, they’re better able to adapt and respond to new information.(儿童的大脑比成人的大脑更具可塑性，他们能够更好地适应和应对新的信息) ”可知，成年人花更多的时间对新信息做出反应，这可能使他们学习第二语言不能达到母语的流利程度，故B项正确。
236．主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据第三段中的“Kids may be better than adults at learning new languages for many reasons.( 孩子在学习新语言方面可能比成年人做得更好，原因有很多)”可知，本文主要介绍了为什么孩子比成年人学第二语言更容易，故C项正确。
One spring day, once the flowers have begun to open, a bee will hover(盘旋)and zip through your yard and dive-bomb your picnic table. While you’re thinking about avoiding an attack, that bee is focused on something else entirely: me.
A honeybee has about six weeks to live. Today, like most days, her task is to fly as many as three miles from home, stick her long, straw-like tongue into a hundred or so flowers. When the bee has had her fill, she’ll fly home. There the bee will deposit what she has got into the mouth of one of her co-workers, who will relay it to another, and so on for about 20 minutes, until the mixture is ready to be placed into the comb. Then she and her 50,000 or so mates will hover in the dark all night every night, flapping their wings to create hot, breezy conditions to remove the water from the mixture. Several sunrises later, they will seal me off in a golden cell of beeswax. In her lifetime, our bee may visit 4,000 flowers, and yet will produce only one-twelfth of a tea spoon of me.
The average American consumes nearly a pound and a half of me every year, in tea, on toast, and beyond. If I do say so myself, I am a timeless treasure. Literally - I never go bad.
Unfortunately, my good health is not guaranteed. The problem lies in the growth of industrial agriculture and the use of pest control chemicals, as well as changes in weather patterns, all of which reduce the number of flowers bees have to visit. I’d appreciate your letting your own garden grow just a little wild. My future depends on all of us fostering spring and summers wild flowers, thus helping the bees, who give so much - to you, to me - without ever asking for anything in return.
237．What does “me” refer to in the passage?
A．The flower. B．The bee. C．Water. D．Honey.
238．What is the 2nd paragraph mainly about?/
A．Bees’ special talent. B．Bees’ hard work.
C．Bees’ living environment. D．Bees’ social behavior.
239．Which one of the following is true according to the passage?
A．A bee will always prioritize attacking picnic lovers.
B．Before “me” is sealed off in beeswax, the drying process takes a few nights.
C．There is an expiration date to ensure “my” health.
D．Bees are more likely to visit those deliberately pest-controlled gardens.
240．What is the purpose of the passage?
A．To appeal for help for honeybees.
B．To talk about the history of a treasure.
C．To put forward techniques for gardeners.
D．To argue against the control of chemicals.

【答案】237．D    238．B    239．B    240．A

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了蜜蜂辛勤工作，酿造蜂蜜的过程，以及如今蜜蜂所面临的困境，呼吁我们保护蜜蜂。
237．词义猜测题。根据第二段中“Several sunrises later, they will seal me off in a golden cell of beeswax.(几次日出之后，他们就会把蜂蜜封存在一个用蜂蜡做成的金色蜂巢里)”以及第三段中“The average American consumes nearly a pound and a half of me every year, in tea, on toast, and beyond.(美国人平均每年消耗将近一磅半的“蜜”，包括喝茶、吃吐司等等)”可知，me指的是“蜂蜜”。故选D。
238．推理判断题。根据第二段“Today, like most days, her task is to fly as many as three miles from home, stick her long, straw-like tongue into a hundred or so flowers. When the bee has had her fill, she’ll fly home. There the bee will deposit what she has got into the mouth of one of her co-workers, who will relay it to another, and so on for about 20 minutes, until the mixture is ready to be placed into the comb. Then she and her 50,000 or so mates will hover in the dark all night every night, flapping their wings to create hot, breezy conditions to remove the water from the mixture. Several sunrises later, they will seal me off in a golden cell of beeswax. In her lifetime, our bee may visit 4,000 flowers, and yet will produce only one-twelfth of a tea spoon of me.(今天，像大多数日子一样，她的任务是飞到离家三英里远的地方，把她长长的吸管一样的舌头插进一百多朵花里。蜜蜂吃饱了，就会飞回家。在那里，蜜蜂会把它吃到的东西放进一个工友的嘴里，工友再把它传给另一个工友，如此类推大约20分钟，直到混合物准备好放入蜂巢。然后，她和她的5万名伴侣会在黑暗中整夜盘旋，扇动翅膀创造出热的、微风吹拂的环境来除去混合物中的水分。几次日出之后，他们就会把蜂蜜封存在一个用蜂蜡做成的金色蜂巢里。蜜蜂一生可以采4000朵花，却却只能产出十二分之一茶匙的蜂蜜)”可知，蜜蜂要飞离家三英里的地方采蜜，采完密后还要加工。同时提到，一生中蜜蜂可能会采集4000多花。综合分析，整段都在讲蜜蜂的努力。故选B。
239．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Then she and her 50,000 or so mates will hover in the dark all night every night, flapping their wings to create hot, breezy conditions to remove the water from the mixture. Several sunrises later, they will seal me off in a golden cell of beeswax.(然后，她和她的5万名伴侣会在黑暗中整夜盘旋，煽动翅膀创造出热的、微风吹拂的环境来除去混合物中的水分。几次日出之后，他们就会把蜂蜜封存在一个用蜂蜡做成的金色蜂巢里)” 可知，要成为最终的蜂蜡，要经过几个日出之后。B选项: Before “me” is sealed off in beeswax, the drying process takes a few nights. (蜜的干燥过程可能需要几个晚上)正确。故选B。
240．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“The problem lies in the growth of industrial agriculture and the use of pest control chemicals, as well as changes in weather patterns, all of which reduce the number of flowers bees have to visit. I’d appreciate your letting your own garden grow just a little wild. My future depends on all of us protecting nature’s wild flowers, thus helping the bees, who give so much—to you, to me—without ever asking for anything in return.(问题在于工业化农业的发展、虫害控制化学品的使用，以及天气模式的变化，所有这些都减少了蜜蜂能采到蜜的花朵数量。如果你能让自己的花园长得野一点，我会很感激。我的未来取决于我们所有人培育春天和夏天的野花，从而帮助蜜蜂，它们为你我付出了那么多，却从不要求任何回报。)”可推知，这篇文章的目的是呼吁帮助蜜蜂。故选A。
Education: Peking University to open branch in Oxford
Peking University will be the first Chinese university to open an oversea branch in Oxford next year.
According to Peking University, its HSBC Business School has got a campus in Oxford from the Open University in Britain. This purchase comes as the govemment steps up efforts to build globally famous universities that will lead the world in teaching and research.
People: Chinese Cambridge student shares his experience
From a struggling student to attending one of the most famous universities, Han Zhenyu’s hard work seems to have paid off. Recently, Han shared his experience with students and their parents in his home city of Harbin, Heilongjiang Province. The 21-year-old student is now in his third year majoring in mathematics at Cambridge University, one of the top colleges in the world. Using his experience, he is helping seven other Chinese students to follow in his footsteps.
Society: Quake-hit areas given a new life
Visitors to Qinglongchang village in Longmen township in Lushan, a county in Sichuan Province, will be able to appreciate the new houses built for the residents following reconstruction work after an earthquake, which broke out on April 20, 2013. With the backing of govemments at different levels, 232 centralized resettlement areas with brand-new houses were built for farmers within three years of the quake.
241．What will Peking University do next year?
A．It will open a foreign branch in Oxford. B．It will get a campus in Oxford.
C．It will lead the world in teaching and research. D．It will become globally famous.
242．Why does the student share his experience?
A．Because he wants to show off. B．Because he wants to be famous.
C．Because he wants to help more Chinese students. D．Because he majors in mathematics in Cambridge.
243．Who mainly helped the residents in the quake-hit areas build new houses?
A．visitors. B．Governments. C．Kind people. D．Local farmers.

【答案】241．A    242．C    243．B

【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了教育、人物、社会三个方面的相关消息。
241．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Peking University will be the first Chinese university to open an oversea branch in Oxford next year.(明年，北京大学将成为首所在牛津开设海外分支的中国大学。)”可知北京大学明年将在英国牛津开设海外分支，即在牛津开设一个外国分支；故选A项。
242．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Using his experience, he is helping seven other Chinese students to follow in his footsteps.(利用他的经验，他正在帮助其他七名中国学生追随他的脚步。)”可知他分享自己的经验是因为他想帮助更多的中国学生；故选C项。
243．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“With the backing of govemments at different levels, 232 centralized resettlement areas with brand-new houses were built for farmers within three years of the quake.(在各级政府的支持下，地震三年内为农民建成了232个新房集中安置点。)”可知是各级政府为地震灾区的居民盖新房子；故选B项。
The Best Way to See Singapore. See More for Less!

City Sightseeing
$33/A, $23/C, FREE/T
24 hrs of Unlimited Touring — 9 am to 6 pm
Duration: 1 Day (unlimited rides)
Attractions: Civic District, Orchard Road, Botanic Gardens, Little India, Chinatown & more along the City & Heritage routes
It is easy to enjoy Singapore with the City Sightseeing open-top touring system. Spot an interesting place or sight? Simply hop off and walk around and you can continue the tour later by hopping on the next bus. With one bus arriving every 20 minutes, the City Sightseeing system links you to major sights, attractions and hotels!
* Guests Helpline: 6338-6877

Coaster
$33/A, $23/C, $2/T
Daily: 9:30 am - 5:30 pm
Duration: 60 minutes
Ride the original coaster! Hop on this craft for a sightseeing tour which covers both land and sea!
* Free bus transfer; most popular tour; 15 and original coaster; unique land & sea adventure
* For more information, call 6338-6859

Night Safari(旅行)
$49/A, $33/C, FREE/T
Tour Time: 6:00 pm - 10:00 pm
Duration: 4 hours
Observe the night activities of the 1,000 over nocturnal(夜行的)animals in the Night Safari – the world’s first wildlife night park, for an adventure you’ll never forget.
* Free & Easy with 2-way bus transfer
* For more information, call 6338-6826

Flyer
$53/A, $37/C, FREE/T
Open Hours: Daily 9:00 am - 9:00 pm
Duration: 30 minutes
Feast your eyes on Singapore’s magnificent cityscape from a height of 165m on the world’s largest observation wheel. Get your cameras ready as you experience a 360-degree panoramic view of the city and the Marina Bay area.
* Free bus transfer; free river transfer
* For More Information, call 6338-3311
★A—adult,C—children(3-12),T—toddler(2 & below)

244．Which way is most suitable for Mary, who can just spare one day to travel around Singapore?A．Night Safari. B．Coaster.
C．City Sightseeing. D．Flyer.
245．Mr. Smith is going to take his wife, his 13-year-old daughter and his 1-year-old son to Flyer, he should get at least ready.
A．$131 B．$90
C．$159 D．$143
246．Where can you probably read this material?
A．Education report. B．Health magazine.
C．Transportation journal. D．Travel guide.

【答案】244．C    245．C    246．D

【导语】这是一篇广告布告类阅读。文章介绍了四种游览新加坡的方式。
244．细节理解题。根据City Sightseeing24 hours of Unlimited Touring(City Sightseeing24小时无限旅游)可知玛丽有一天的时间去新加坡旅游，City Sightseeing最适合她，故选C。
245．细节理解题。根据 $53/A, $37/C, FREE/T和A — adult, C — children (3-12), T — toddler (2 & below)可推断出史密斯先生要带他的妻子、13岁的女儿和1岁的儿子去Flyer，至少应该准备53+53+53=159，故选C。
246．推理判断题。根据The Best Way to See Singapore. See More for Less!以及全文内容，可知文章介绍了四种游览新加坡的方式，所以这篇文章最可能来自旅游指南，故选D。
It is hard to calculate the number of festivals and holidays around the world because there are simply too many of them! People have all kinds of local festivals, and some international festivals are celebrated in different ways in various countries. Have you ever wondered why people need festivals?
Some of the festivals come from religious beliefs, such as Christmas. It originated among Christians but has now become a public holiday for everyone around the world. However, there are other reasons why we hold festivals. They break up the flow of the year and bind us together as families and communities.
Festivals and holidays are fun escape from our regular schedules. Without holidays our weeks would run together into years of boredom. What is October without children ringing our doorbells asking for candy? What is November without turkey on the table and family around it? The answer is: boring months.
We also celebrate festivals because they are reasons to be reconnected with family and long-lost friends. Many people do not have the freedom to meet families and close friends at any time. Festivals and holidays give us the chance. Furthermore, festivals bring us together as a community. Many people make holidays the times they reach out to other people. The bright hearts decorating department stores in February, the blinking lights hanging on lamp posts in December—these help us feel connected to something larger than ourselves.
In a world where get-togethers and barbecues do not happen as much as they used to in decades past, in a world where no one borrow sugar from his or her neighbor any longer or bakes a cake when someone moves on to the block, festivals tie us together.
Therefore, everyone should make the most of their festival times. Get out and decorate your home at Christmas time. Surprise your spouse, boyfriend or girlfriend with a Valentine’s Day gift And definitely have fun at Halloween. Even if you do not enjoy Halloween, I am sure the children in your neighborhood will appreciate your dressing up, putting a graveyard in your front yard and passing out candy!
247．What does the underlined word “originated” (paragraph 2) mean in this article?
A．congratulated B．celebrated
C．came into being D．invited
248．Why do festivals connect families and friends?
A．Because people have the chance to meet each other.
B．Because department stores and lamp posts are decorated.
C．Because we can’t escape from work and fixed schedules.
D．Because we feel we are a community.
249．What does the fifth paragraph suggest?
A．People do not go to barbecues nowadays
B．We don’t have as strong as a sense of community as we used to.
C．Few people give food to neighbors.
D．There are fewer social activities we enjoy during festivals.

【答案】247．C    248．A    249．B

【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是节日对人们的重要意义。
247．词句猜测题。根据第二段的“Some of the festivals come from religious beliefs, such as Christmas.(有些节日来自宗教信仰，比如圣诞节。)”和“among Christians but has now become a public holiday for everyone around the world(在基督徒中，但现在已成为全世界每个人的公共节日)”可知，划线词所在句子表示“它在基督徒中产生”，划线词originated的意思是“产生”，和came into being意思相近，故选C。
248．细节理解题。根据第四段的“We also celebrate festivals because they are reasons to be reconnected with family and long-lost friends. Many people do not have the freedom to meet families and close friends at any time. Festivals and holidays give us the chance.(我们庆祝节日也因为这是与家人和失散已久的朋友重新联系的理由。许多人没有自由在任何时候与家人和亲密的朋友见面。节日和节假日给了我们机会。)”可知，节日把家人和朋友联系在一起是因为人们有了见彼此的机会，故选A。
249．推理判断题。根据第五段的“In a world where get-togethers and barbecues do not happen as much as they used to in decades past, in a world where no one borrow sugar from his or her neighbor any longer or bakes a cake when someone moves on to the block, festivals tie us together.(在一个聚会和烧烤不像过去几十年那样频繁的世界里，在一个没有人再向他或她的邻居借糖或当有人搬到街区时烤蛋糕的世界里，节日把我们联系在一起。)”可知，第五段表明我们不像过去那样有强烈的社区意识。故选B。
Happiness of dolphins
For those of us who’ve ever been to a marine(海洋的) park, the best part was probably seeing the beautiful and friendly dolphins.
And the luckier people among us may have even had the chance to swim with these amazing creatures.
At the same time, however, we can’t help but think that these animals would be happier in the wild, rather than be forced to perform for humans in captivity(囚禁).
According to a recent study though, we needn’t think like that.
The study, which was published in the journal Applied Animal Behavior Science, was led by scientist Isabella Clegg, who carried out her research at a dolphinarium(海豚馆) in France.
As the first of its kind, the study’s aim was to look at captivity from the animals’ point of view, according to BBC News.
Over the course of three years, Clegg and her team put together a series of experiments to figure out how captive dolphins felt about their lives.
“We wanted to find out what activities in captivity they like most,” she told BBC news.
There were three kinds of experiment: one in which the dolphins were left alone, one in which toys were added to their pool, and one in which a human played with the dolphins.
It was found that of the three types of experiment, the dolphins seemed to enjoy playing with humans the most.
“Their leaping(跳跃) from the water during training, and their curious approaches to the edge(边沿) of the pool appeared to be enthusiastic(热情的).” wrote BBC News science correspondents Victoria Gill.
However, this doesn’t necessarily mean dolphins are happier in captivity than they are in the wild.
According to wildlife and nature platform One Green Planet, being raised in captivity could actually be harmful for dolphins.
“By being born into captivity, they will never learn the skills necessary to survive in the wild. This means that any animal that is born in captivity can never be sent back into the wild,” it wrote on its website.
But while this may be true, at least it seems that captive dolphins still enjoy happy moments with humans.
250．What can we learn about the study on captive dolphins?
A．It was carried out in a dolphinarium in the UK.
B．It was the first study on captivity’s influence on animals.
C．It compared the behavior of captive dolphins and wild dolphins.
D．It studied the feelings of captive dolphins.
251．According to the study, the dolphins were happiest when they were playing ______.
A．with toys. B．with humans.
C．by themselves. D．with other sea animals.
252．What problems might dolphins have if they are born in captivity?
A．They may not be able to survive in the wild.
B．They may be less healthy than wild dolphins.
C．They may live an unhappy and lonely life among humans.
D．They might be unwilling to return to the wild.

【答案】250．D    251．B    252．A

【导语】这是一篇说明文。一项研究表明，被圈养的海豚似乎喜欢与人类一起玩耍，但是这并不意味着海豚被圈养比在野外更快乐，实际上被圈养对海豚有害，会使海豚失去在野外生存的技能，无法再重返野外。
250．细节理解题。根据第七段中“Over the course of three years, Clegg and her team put together a series of experiments to figure out how captive dolphins felt about their lives.(在三年的时间里，Clegg和她的团队进行了一系列实验，以弄清被圈养的海豚对自己生活的感受)”可知，该研究是研究圈养海豚的感受。故选D项。
251．细节理解题。根据倒数第六段“It was found that of the three types of experiment, the dolphins seemed to enjoy playing with humans the most.(研究发现，在这三种类型的实验中，海豚似乎最喜欢和人类一起玩)”可知，该研究发现，当海豚和人类一起玩耍时最快乐。故选B项。
252．推理判断题。根据倒数第二中“By being born into captivity, they will never learn the skills necessary to survive in the wild.(由于出生在圈养环境中，它们永远不会学到在野外生存所需的技能)”可知，出生就被圈养的海豚可能无法在野外生存。故选A项。
Do you still remember the scene in the famous movie Titanic, directed by Cameron, where Jack was frozen to death in the icy cold water so that Rose could survive on the floating door alone? It broke many people’s hearts. Two decades later, people are still asking the question, “Wasn’t there enough room on the door for both of them?” Cameron once responded by saying it wasn’t a question of room, but buoyancy(浮力) — if both of them had tried to stay on the door, he argued, the whole thing would sink.
But several guys from “Mythbusters”, an Australian-American science entertainment television program, decided to put the theory to the test themselves. They discovered that if Rose had took off her life jacket to the bottom of the door, there would have been enough buoyancy to keep both of them afloat.
“It was an artistic choice, the thing was just big enough to hold her, and not big enough to hold him,” Cameron said. “I think it’s all kind of silly, really, that we are having this discussion 20 years later. But it does show that the film was effective in making Jack so attractive to the audience that it hurts them to see him die. The film is about death and separation: he had to die.”
Since Jack was doomed to die. Cameron said, it could have happened in a variety of different ways. It’s not about the door not being big enough: that’s just a practical method for his death. “Whether it was that, or whether a chimney (烟囱) fell on him, he was going down,” Cameron said. “It’s called art: things happen for artistic reasons, not for physics reasons.”
253．According to Cameron, why can’t audience accept Jack’s death?
A．They are artistic people. B．They like the movie.
C．They love Jack. D．They are eager for truth.
254．What can we learn from the last paragraph?
A．Jack died by accident. B．Jack ‘s death was unavoidable.
C．The chimney fell on Jack. D．The door could make a difference.
255．Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A．Jack Had to Die B．A Door of Life and Death
C．Audience Knew Better D．Science Behind Movie

【答案】253．C    254．B    255．A

【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了电影《泰坦尼克号》中Jack因为救Rose而死，但是二十年后人们仍在纠结Jack是否真的非死不可这个问题，甚至有人专门进行了试验并把结果提交给电影导演Cameron。对此，Cameron的看法是Jack非死不可，并给出了理由。
253．细节理解题。由倒数第二段中的“But it does show that the film was effective in making Jack so attractive to the audience that it hurts them to see him die.(但这确实表明，这部电影有效地让Jack对观众如此有吸引力，以至于看到他死去，观众都会很伤心)”可知根据Cameron的说法，Jack对观众很有吸引力，以至于看到他死去，观众都会很伤心，说明观众喜欢Jack，所以不能接受Jack的死。故选C项。
254．推理判断题。由最后一段中的“Since Jack was doomed to die, Cameron said, it could have happened in a variety of different ways. It’s not about the door not being big enough: that’s just a practical method for his death. “Whether it was that, or whether a chimney fell on him, he was going down,” Cameron said.(Cameron说，既然Jack命中注定要死，那就可能以各种不同的方式发生。这不是门不够大的问题：那只是他死的一个实用方法。Cameron说：“不管是这样，还是烟囱砸在他身上，他都要死。”)”可知根据Cameron的说法，Jack不管怎么样都必须死，只是死的方式不同，说明Jack的死是不可避免的。故选B项。
255．主旨大意题。第一段讲“20年后，人们仍然在问这样一个问题：难道门上没有足够的空间容纳他们两个人，Jack必须要死吗？”第二段讲“科学娱乐电视节目“Mythbusters”的几个人做了实验，发现如果Rose把救生衣脱到门的底部，就会有足够的浮力让他们两人都浮起来，说明Jack没必要死”，第三四段讲“Cameron认为Jack非死不可并给出了理由”，可知文章主要讲电影《泰坦尼克号》中的Jack非死不可，A项“Jack不得不死”符合文意，最适合作文章标题。故选A项。
A new study of 8,000 young people in the Journal of Health and Social Behavior shows that although love can make adults live healthily and happily, it is a bad thing for young people. Puppy love(早恋)may bring stress for young people and can lead to depression(忧郁症). The study shows that girls become more depressed than boys, and younger girls are the worsts of all.
The possible reason for the connection between love and higher risk of depression for girls is “loss of self”. According to the study, even though boys would say “lose themselves in a romantic relationship”, this “loss of self” is much more likely to lead to depression when it happens to girls. Young girls who have romantic relationships usually like hiding their feelings and opinions. They will not tell that to their parents.
Dr Marian Kaufman, an expert on young people problems, says 15% to 20% young people will have depression during their growing. Trying romance often causes the depression. She advises kids not to jump into romance too early. During growing up, it is important for young people to build strong friendships and a strong sense of self. She also suggests the parent should encourage their kids to keep close to their friends, attend more interesting school activities and spend enough time with family.
Parents should watch for signs of depression —eating or mood changes —and if they see signs from their daughters or sons, they need to give help. The good news is that the connection between romance and depression seems to become weak with age. Love will always make us feel young, but only maturity (成熟) gives us a chance to avoid its bad side effects.
256．What’s the main idea of the passage?
A．Puppy love may bring young people depression.
B．Parents should forbid their children’s love.
C．Romance is a two-edged sword for adults.
D．Romance is good for young people.
257．Which of the following is more likely to have depression?
A．Young people who have a strong sense of selfishness.
B．Young boys whose parents watch for their behavior.
C．Young girls who always hid their feeling and opinions.
D．Careless parents whose children are deep in love.
258．What can be inferred from the passage?
A．Lacking love can lead young people to grow up more quickly.
B．Early love makes young people keep close to their friends and parents.
C．Parents should help their children to be aware of the signs of depression.
D．The older a woman is, the less likely she seems to lose herself in romance.

【答案】256．A    257．C    258．D

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。研究表明， 早恋可能会给年轻人带来压力，并导致抑郁。 并且女孩比男孩情况可能更严重，而年轻的女孩是最糟糕的。 文章分析了其中的原因，并给父母提出了一些建议。
256．主旨大意题。根据文章主要内容，尤其第一段的“Puppy love(早恋)may bring stress for young people and can lead to depression(忧郁症). The study shows that girls become more depressed than boys, and younger girls are the worsts of all.(早恋)可能会给年轻人带来压力并导致抑郁。研究表明，女孩比男孩更抑郁，年轻女孩是最糟糕的)”可知，本文主要内容是：早恋可能会给年轻人带来压力，并导致抑郁。文章分析了其中的原因，并给父母提出了一些建议。故选A项。
257．细节理解题。根据第二段的“According to the study, even though boys would say “lose themselves in a romantic relationship”, this “loss of self” is much more likely to lead to depression when it happens to girls. Young girls who have romantic relationships usually like hiding their feelings and opinions. They wont’s tell that to their parents.(根据这项研究，即使男孩会说“在恋爱中迷失自我”，但这种“迷失自我”发生在女孩身上时，更有可能导致抑郁。有恋爱关系的年轻女孩通常喜欢隐藏自己的情感和观点。他们不会把这件事告诉他们的父母)”可知，恋爱中的年轻女孩通常喜欢隐藏自己的情感和观点，这更可能导致她们抑郁，也就是说，总是隐藏自己的情感和观点的女孩更可能患抑郁。故选C项。
258．推理判断题。根据最后一段的“The good news is that the connection between romance and depression seems to become weak with age.(好消息是，恋爱和抑郁之间的联系似乎会随着年龄的增长而减弱)”可知，随着年龄的增长，恋爱的女孩患抑郁的可能会减小，也就是说，随着年龄增长，她们在恋爱中“迷失自我的”可能性也会降低。故选D项。
Why can’t we stop longing for the good old days
People in many countries are longing for the good old days. But when exactly were the good old days? Podcaster Jason Feifer devoted an episode of his program to this question. The most popular answer seemed to be the 1950s, so Mr. Feifer asked historians whether Americans in that decade thought it was particularly pleasant. Definitely not. In the 1950s, American sociologists worried that rampant individualism was tearing the family apart. There were serious racial and class tensions, and everyone lived under the nuclear threat.
In fact, many in the 1950s thought that the good old days were to be found a generation earlier, in the 1920s. But in the 1920s, child psychologist John Watson warned that because of increasing divorce races, the American family would soon cease to exist. Many people at the time idealized the Victor inn era, when families are strong and children respected their elders.
Why are human beings always so nostalgia for past eras that seemed difficult and dangerous to those who lived through them? One possibility is that we know we survived past dangers, so they seem smaller now. But we can never be certain we will solve the problems we are facing today. Radio didn't ruin the younger generation, but maybe the smart phone will.
Another reason is that historical nostalgia is often colored by personal nostalgia. When were the good old days? Was it, by chance, the incredibly short period when you happened to be young? A U.S. Poll found that people born in the 1930s and 1940s thought the 1950s was America’s best decade, while those born in the 1960s and 1970s preferred the 1980s.
This kind of nostalgia has neurological roots. Researchers have found that we encode more memories during adolescence and early adult hood than any other period of our lives, and when we think about the past, this is the period we most often return to. Moreover, as we grow more distant from past events, we tend to remember them more positively.
Obviously, some things readily were better in the past. But our instinctive nostalgia for the good old days can easily deceive us, with dangerous consequences. Longing for the past and fear of the future inhibit the experiments and innovations that drive progress.
Vaccination, steam engines, railroads and electricity all met with strong resistance when they were first introduced. The point isn’t to show how silly previous generations were. The same kinds of anxieties have been expressed in our own time about innovations like the internet, video games and stem-cell research.
And not all fears about the future are unbounded. New technologies do result in accidents, they disturb traditional cultures and habits, and they destroy old jobs while creating new ones. But the only way to learn how to make the best use of new technologies and reduce risks is by trial and error. The future won’t be perfect, but neither were the good old days.
259．The word “rampant” in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to ________
A．limited B．reasonable C．uncontrolled D．traditional
260．According to the passage, the 1950s was a period of time ________.
A．when American families still remained strong and children respected their elders
B．that was believed by Americans born in the 1930s and the 1940s to be the best decade
C．that saw a sharp increase in individualism and divorce rate in American society
D．when radical and class tensions became more serious but people no longer lived under the nuclear threat
261．The good old days were usually the time when people were young because ________
① people have a better memory of adolescence and early adulthood.
② More dangerous things happen during their youth and they learned how to survive them.
③ The dangers in youth were smaller and easier for people to deal with.
④ people remember events in their youth more positively as time goes by.
A．①② B．①③ C．①④ D．②④
262．What can be inferred from the last three paragraphs?
A．The current generation is not as silly As the previous generations.
B．It is unwise to be simply opposed to any new inventions and technologies.
C．People are constantly deceived by their instinctive nostalgia for the good old days.
D．The internet, video games and stem-cell research pose great threats to humanity.

【答案】259．C    260．B    261．C    262．B

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要以人们喜欢怀念过去的美好时光为主题，分析了其背后的原因以及对我们的启示。
259．词句猜测题。根据画线词后文“individualism was tearing the family apart(个人主义会使家庭破裂)”可知，说明当时的个人主义不受控制，导致家庭破裂，令科学家担心。故画线词意思是“不受控制的”。故选C。
260．细节理解题。根据第四段中“A U.S. Poll found that people born in the 1930s and 1940s thought the 1950s was America’s best decade, while those born in the 1960s and 1970s preferred the 1980s.(美国一项民意调查发现，30后和40后认为50年代是美国最好的十年，而60后和70后更喜欢80年代)”可知，出生在30年代和40年代的美国人认为20世纪50年代是最好的十年。故选B。
261．细节理解题。根据倒数第四段中“Researchers have found that we encode more memories during adolescence and early adult hood than any other period of our lives, and when we think about the past, this is the period we most often return to. Moreover, as we grow more distant from past events, we tend to remember them more positively.(研究人员发现，我们在青春期和成年早期编码的记忆比我们生命中的其他任何时期都要多，当我们回想过去时，这是我们最常回想的时期。此外，随着我们对过去的事件越来越疏远，我们往往会更积极地记住它们)”可知，过去的好日子通常是人们年轻的时候，因为人们对青春期和成年早期有更好的记忆以及随着时间的推移，人们对年轻时发生的事情的记忆会更加积极。故选C。
262．推理判断题。根据最后一段“And not all fears about the future are unbounded. New technologies do result in accidents, they disturb traditional cultures and habits, and they destroy old jobs while creating new ones. But the only way to beam how to make the best use of new technologies and reduce risks is by trial and error. The future won't be perfect, but neither were the good old days.(并不是所有对未来的恐惧都是无限的。新技术确实会导致事故，它们扰乱了传统文化和习惯，在创造新工作的同时也破坏了旧工作。但是，要想知道如何最好地利用新技术并降低风险，唯一的方法就是尝试和犯错。未来不会完美，过去的美好时光也不会完美)”可推知，简单地反对任何新发明和新技术是不明智的。故选B。
People always regret asking me and my wife how we got together. It’s a long story, involving other relationships and several countries, and to be honest, it’s not that interesting, so I’ll spare you the details. We were at a restaurant in Tuscany on our summer holiday last year though, when we met another English couple who had a far more interesting story than us. Lynn and Andy had actually met online before they got together, or at least they thought they had. After a few casual conversations through an online dating agency, they decided to meet for real. Lynn arrived at the restaurant first, and shortly after was approached by Andy, who thought she was someone else. It turns out they’d both arranged to meet different people, but liked the look of each other, and that was that!
And they’re not alone. It seems there are all sorts of places you might meet that special someone. Lukas met Sofie for the first time when he crashed into her car—on his bicycle. “It was raining and I was coming downhill really fast, so I couldn’t really see where I was going. Sofie opened her car door and I went straight into it, and off my bike,” explains Lukas. “I was unconscious for a few seconds, and when I came round there was this beautiful young woman asking me ‘Are you OK?’ Well, after that, she went to the hospital with me and was just really kind, really caring, and we hit it off.”
Every cloud has a silver lining, so they say, and Nick McKiddie would most likely agree. He was leaving the office late one night when he got robbed by a group of young men. He wasn’t hurt, but they stole his phone and wallet, so he called the police. Susan Harris, a young police officer at the time, attended the call. Nick explains, “I don’t know whether I was in shock because of what had happened, but I think it was love at first sight. I would never usually be so confident, but I just asked if she wanted to go for a drink sometime, and to my surprise, she said yes! “Nick and Susan got married last December.”
Animals don’t have the same social inhibitions (顾虑) as humans do, and this was certainly the case when Ri took her dog, Ben, to the local dog park. “As soon as I took his leash off, he ran straight to another dog on the other side of the park, and started getting very friendly indeed,” she laughs. “I actually had to pull him away, and that was when I met Ben, the other dog’s owner. We had a good laugh about it all, especially when we realized he had the same name as my dog. We became friends after that, and well, the rest is history.”
263．According to the passage, Lynn and Andy________.
A．first met in a restaurant in Tuscany
B．had originally arranged to see other people
C．regretted talking to each other online
D．preferred casual conversations to serious dating
264．________got to know each other due to an accident.
A．The author and his wife B．Nick and Susan C．Lukas and Sofie D．Ri and Ben
265．By “Every cloud has a silver lining” (in paragraphs), the author means that________.
A．every day is a good beginning B．every misfortune contains something good
C．people do not always behave as usual D．what you value in life matters greatly
266．What is the passage mainly about?
A．How the author and his wife met each other.
B．The places where people usually get together.
C．How great relationships may grow out of random encounters.
D．What people do in order to meet their ideal partner.

【答案】263．B    264．C    265．B    266．C

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章以故事的形式讲述了人们见面的奇怪方式。
263．细节理解题。由第一段中的“It turns out they’d both arranged to meet different people, but liked the look of each other, and that was that!”（结果他们两人都安排好了去见不同的人，但却喜欢对方的相貌，就这样！）可知，Lynn和Andy一开始都安排好了去见其他人。故选B项。
264．细节理解题。由第二段中的“Lukas met Sofia for the first time when he crashed into her car — on his bicycle.”（卢卡斯第一次见到索菲是在他骑自行车撞上她的车时）可知，Lukas和Sofia是因为一次撞车事故认识了彼此。故选C项。
265．词句猜测题。由第三段的“He was leaving the office late one night when he got robbed by a group of young men. He wasn't hurt, but they stole his phone and wallet, so he called the police. Susan Harris, a young police officer at the time, attended the call. Nick explains, I don’t know whether I was in shock because of what had happened, but I think it was love at first sight. I would never usually be so confident, but I just asked if she wanted to go for a drink sometime, and to my surprise, she said yes! Nick and Susan got married last December.”（一天晚上他要离开办公室，突然被一群年轻人抢劫了。他没有受伤，但他们偷走了他的电话和钱包，于是他报警了。当时年轻的警官苏珊·哈里斯接听了电话。尼克解释说，我不知道是不是因为刚发生的事情而震惊了，但我认为这是一见钟情。我通常不会这么自信，但我只是问她是否想去喝一杯，令我吃惊的是，她说好的！尼克和苏珊去年12月结婚了）可知，尼克被抢劫，这是不幸的事，但因此认识了警官苏珊且最后二人结婚了，这是好事，说明不幸中会有好事发生。由此可知，Every could has a silver lining在此处意为“好运伴随着不幸而来”。故选B项。
266．主旨大意题。第一段讲Lynn和Andy一开始以为见的是其他人，实际上见了彼此，第二段讲Lukas和Sofia是因为一次撞车事故认识了彼此，第三段讲因为一次抢劫，Nick认识了警官Susan，第四段讲因为狗狗，Ri认识了Ben，可知本文讲的是人们奇奇怪怪的见面方式，即美好的关系是如何从偶然的相遇中成长起来的。故选C项。
Tiny trash factories
Not all waste has to go to waste. Most of the world’s 2.22 billion tons of annual trash ends up in landfills or open dump. Veena Sahajwalla, a materials scientist and engineer at the University of New South walks, has created a solution to our massive trash problem: waste microfactories. These little trash processors house a series of machines that recycle waste and transform it into new materials with thermal technology. The new all-in-one approach could leave our current recycling processes in the dust.
Sahajwalla launched the world’s first waste microfactory targeting electronic waste in 2018. A second one began recycling plastics in 2019. Now, her lab group is working with university and industry partners to commercialize their patented Microfactoric technology. She says the small scale of the machines will make it easier for them to one day operate on renewable energy, unlike most large manufacturing plants. The approach will also allow cities to recycle waste into new products on location. With a micro-factory, gone are the days of needing separate facilities to collect and store materials, extract elements and produce new products.
Traditionally, recycling plants break down materials for re us c in similar products. It is like melting down plastic to make more plastic things. Her invention evolved this idea by taking materials from an old product and creating something different. “The kids don’t look like the parents,” she says.
For example, the microfactories can break down old smart phoned and computer monitors and extract silica and carbon, and then combine them into silicon car bide nanowires. This generates a common ceramic material with many industrial uses. Sahajwalla refers to this process as “the fourth R,” adding “_________” to the common phrase “reduce, reuse, recycle.”
In 2019, just 17.4 percent of e-waste was recycled, so the new ability offers a crucial new development in the challenge recycling complex electronic devices. “We can do so much more with materials,” says Sahajwala.” Traditional recycling has not worked for every recycling challenge.” She and her team are already working to install the next waste microfactory in the Australian town of Cootamundra by early 2021, with the goal of expanding around the country over the next few years.
267．Which of the following is the feature of the waste microfactory?
A．It can restore the waste to their original forms.
B．It is cleaner than the traditional recycling plant.
C．Waste can be recycled where they are dump at.
D．There is only one machine in the waste microfactory.
268．According to the passage, what are the scientists working on presently?
A．Establishing the first waste microfactory.
B．Expanding the variety of waste it can recycle.
C．Trying to make a profit from microfactory technology.
D．Developing renewable energy to operate microfactories.
269．Which of the following words is most suitable to fill in the blank in paragraph 4?
A．recall B．reform C．release D．reverse
270．Which of the following statement is true, according to the message?
A．Traditional recycling is actually useful for only a small part of waste recycling.
B．Microfactories make it possible for scientists to create various things with wastes,
C．Microfactories can directly make waste electronic device into household utensils.
D．By now, Australia is the first country in the world that has realized the popularization of waste microfactofies.

【答案】267．C    268．C    269．B    270．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种垃圾微型工厂，可以解决大量垃圾问题，介绍了这一机器的优点和其开发者Veena Sahajwalla对其的看法。
267．细节理解题。根据第二段中“The approach will also allow cities to recycle waste into new products on location. (该方法还将允许城市就地回收垃圾，制成新产品)”可知，垃圾微型工厂的特点是可以在垃圾倾倒的地方进行回收。故选C。
268．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Now, her lab group is working with university and industry partners to commercialize their patented Microfactoric technology.(现在，她的实验室小组正在与大学和工业界的合作伙伴合作，将他们的专利微工厂技术商业化)”可知，科学家们目前在试图从微型工厂技术中获利。故选C。
269．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“For example, the microfactories can break down old smart phoned and computer monitors and extract silica and carbon, and then combine them into silicon car bide nanowires. This generates a common ceramic material with many industrial uses.(例如，微型工厂可以分解旧的智能电话和电脑显示器，提取二氧化硅和碳，然后将它们组合成硅汽车电池纳米线。这就产生了一种具有许多工业用途的普通陶瓷材料)”可推知，Sahajwalla将这个过程称为“第四个R”，在“减少、再利用、回收”的基础上再加上“再形成”。reform“重整，改革”最符合。故选B。
270．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“In 2019, just 17.4 percent of e-waste was recycled, so the new ability offers a crucial new development in the challenge recycling complex electronic devices. (2019年，只有17.4%的电子垃圾被回收，因此这项新能力为回收复杂电子设备的挑战提供了一个至关重要的新进展)”以及“Traditional recycling has not worked for every recycling challenge.(传统的回收并不是对每一个回收挑战都有效)”可知，A选项“传统回收实际上只对垃圾回收的一小部分有用”正确。故选A。

Frustrated with delays in Sacramento, Bay Area officials said Thursday they planned to take matters into their own hands to regulate the region’s growing pile of electronic trash.
A San Jose councilwoman and a San Francisco supervisor said they would propose local initiatives aimed at controlling electronic waste if the California law-making body fails to act on two bills stalled in the Assembly. They are among a growing number of California cities and counties that have expressed the same intention.
Environmentalists and local governments are increasingly concerned about the toxic hazard posed by old electronic devices and the cost of safely recycling those products. An estimated 6 million televisions and computers are stocked in California homes, and an additional 6,000 to 7,000 computers become outdated every day. The machines contain high levels of lead and other hazardous substances, and are already banned from California landfills.
Legislation by Senator Byron Sher would require consumers to pay a recycling fee of up to $30 on every new machine containing a cathode(阴极) ray tube. Used in almost all video monitors and televisions, those devices contain four to eight pounds of lead each. The fees would go toward setting up recycling programs, providing grants to non-profit agencies that reuse the tubes and rewarding manufacturers that encourage recycling.
A separate bill by Los Angeles-area Senator Gloria Romero would require high-tech manufacturers to develop programs to recycle so-called e-waste.
If passed, the measures would put California at the forefront of national efforts to manage the refuse of the electronic age.
But high-tech groups, including the Silicon Valley Manufacturing Group and the American Electronics Association, oppose the measures, arguing that fees of up to $30 will drive consumers to online, out-of-state retailers.
“What really needs to occur is consumer education. Most consumers are unaware they’re not supposed to throw computers in the trash,” said Roxanne Gould, vice president of government relations for the electronics association.
Computer recycling should be a local effort and part of residential waste collection programs, she added.
Recycling electronic waste is a dangerous and specialized matter, and environmentalists maintain the state must support recycling efforts and ensure that the job isn't contracted to unscrupulous (毫无顾忌的) junk dealers who send the toxic parts overseas.
“The graveyard of the high-tech revolution is ending up in rural Vietnam,” said Ted Smith, director of the Silicon Valley Toxics Coalition. His group is pushing for an amendment to Sher’s bill that would prevent the export of e-waste.
271．What step were Bay Area officials going to take regarding e-waste disposal?
A．Exert pressure on manufacturers of electronic devices.
B．Lay down relevant local regulations themselves.
C．Lobby the lawmakers of the California Assembly.
D．Rally support to pass the stalled bills.
272．The two bills stalled in the California Assembly both concern________.
A．regulations on dumping hazardous substances into landfills
B．the sale of used electronic devices to foreign countries
C．the funding of local initiatives to reuse electronic trash
D．the reprocessing of the huge amounts of electronic waste in the state
273．It can be inferred from the text that if an extra $30 is charged on every TV or computer purchased in California, ________.
A．consumers will abandon online shopping
B．consumers will buy them from other states
C．consumers will strongly protest against such a charge
D．consumers will hesitate to upgrade their computer
274．We learn from the passage that much of California’s electronic waste has been________.
A．collected by non-profit agencies B．dumped into local landfills
C．exported to foreign countries D．recycled by computer manufacturers

【答案】271．B    272．D    273．B    274．C
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了湾区官员计划亲自动手管理当时日益增长的电子垃圾问题，环境学家认为回收电子垃圾十分有必要。
271．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Frustrated with delays in Sacramento, Bay Area officials said Thursday they planned to take matters into their own hands to regulate the region's growing pile of electronic trash.(湾区官员表示，鉴于萨克了门托办事拖沓到令人恼火，他们周四计划亲自动手管理当地日益增长的电子垃圾的问题)”可知，关于电子垃圾的处理，湾区官员计划自己制定相关的地方法，故选B。
272．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“A San Jose councilwoman and a San Francisco supervisor said they would propose local initiatives aimed at controlling electronic waste if the California law-making body fails to act on two bills stalled in the Assembly. They are among a growing number of California cities and counties that have expressed the same intention.(一名的San Jose女议员和San Francisco监管人员表示，如果加州立法机构未能就议会搁置的两项法案采取行动，他们将提出在那些想要控制电子废物的地方倡议。越来越多的加州市和县表达了同样的意愿，他们就是其中之一)”可知，这两项议会搁置的法案也是与加州大量电子垃圾的回收相关的，只是一直未采取实质性的行动，因此女议员和监管人员将建议在那些想要控制电子废物的地方倡议回收电子垃圾，故选D。
273．推理判断题。根据文章第七段“But high-tech groups, including the Silicon Valley Manufacturing Group and the American Electronics Association, oppose the measures, arguing that fees of up to $30 will drive consumers to online, out-of-state retailers.(但是高科技团队却反对此措施，认为上达30美元的费用会促使消费者选择网上或者其他州的零售商)”可知，如果每台电视或者电脑收取额外的30美元费用的话，消费者会选择到其他州去买，故选B。
274．细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“Recycling electronic waste is a dangerous and specialized matter, and environmentalists maintain the state must support recycling efforts and ensure that the job isn't contracted to unscrupulous(毫无顾忌的) junk dealers who send the toxic parts overseas.(回收电子废弃物是一个危险的专业问题，环保人士认为，国家必须支持回收工作，并确保这项工作不会被无良的垃圾经销商承包，这些经销商将有毒的部件运往海外)”可知，大多数加利福利亚的电子废弃物是被无良的垃圾经销商运送到海外，故选C。

In 2002, an Australian man went to his friend’s 2lst birthday party. He got drunk, tripped on some steps and cut his lip. He took a picture of his injuries and shared it with his friends on an online forum. “And sorry about the focus,” he wrote, “it was a selfie.” That was the first recorded use of the world “selfie”. Word of the Year for 2013, in honour of the term that had taken over the world thanks to millions of smart phone self-portraits and the resulting shares on social media.
So what does the choice of the word say about our culture? Mary Elizabeth Williams, writing in Salon magazine, says the word reminds us that contemporary culture is defined by our narcissism (自恋). Megan Jackson from a local newspaper points out a selfie may only focus on appearance.
Selfies invite judgment based on appearance alone. What kind of cultural influence does this have on women? Erin Gloria Ryun on Jezebel says selfies teach young woman to obsess over their appearance and judge themselves on the basis of beauty rather than accomplishments. “They’re a reflection of the way we teach girls to see themselves as decorative,” said Ryun.
In Slate magazine, Rachel Simmons has the opposite view. She argues that selfies are an example of young women promoting themselves and taking control of their own self-presentation. Think of each one, she says, as “a tiny pulse of girl pride—a shout-out to the self”.
275．Which of the following is TRUE about the first use of “selfie”?
A．An Australian man created it to celebrate his friend’s 21st birthday.
B．It was created by chance when a drunken man shared his photo online.
C．The Oxford Dictionary gave it credit for the creation of smart phone.
D．The social media were so advanced that they made the word transmitted.
276．Who holds a positive opinion towards selfie in the life of women?
A．Mary Elizabeth. B．Megan Jackson.
C．Erin Gloria Ryun. D．Rachel Simmons.
277．The text is mainly concerned with________.
A．the introduction of the word “selfie” B．the choice of the word “selfie”
C．the history of the word “selfie” D．the characteristics of the word “selfie”

【答案】275．B    276．D    277．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了2013年的年度词汇“selfie(自拍)”的由来，文化背景和人们对自拍的观点。
275．细节理解题。根据第一段“In 2002, an Australian man went to his friend’s 2lst birthday party. He got drunk, tripped on some steps and cut his lip. He took a picture of his injuries and shared it with his friends on an online forum. “And sorry about the focus,” he wrote, “it was a selfie.” That was the first recorded use of the world “selfie”. (2002年，一名澳大利亚男子参加了他朋友的21岁生日聚会。他喝醉了，在台阶上绊了一跤，割伤了嘴唇。他拍下了自己受伤的照片，并在网上论坛上与朋友分享。“不好意思请注意，”他写道，“那是一张自拍。”这是世界上第一个有记录的“自拍”的用法)”可知，selfie是因为一个醉酒男子在网上分享了他的照片偶然创建的。故选B。
276．细节理解题。根据最后一段“In Slate magazine, Rachel Simmons has the opposite view. She argues that selfies are an example of young women promoting themselves and taking control of their own self-presentation. (Rachel Simmons在《石板》杂志上发表了相反的观点。她认为，自拍是年轻女性提升自我、掌控自我表现的一个例子)”可知，Rachel Simmons对女性生活中的自拍持积极态度，故选D。
277．主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第一段“Word of the Year for 2013, in honour of the term that had taken over the world thanks to millions of smart phone self-portraits und the resulting shares on social media.(2013年度词汇，是为了纪念这个因社交媒体上数百万智能手机自拍被分享而风靡全球的词汇)”可知，文章主要介绍了“selfie”这个词的由来，以及它所表示的文化现象，故选A。

There are times when murder is not committed because of cruelty. People may kill for other reasons such as anger, misunderstanding, and fear. Everyone has made mistakes because of such feeling. For society, it is a serious mistake to take the life of someone who has killed because it teaches everyone that forgiveness is unnecessary.
The government has the difficult job of deciding who is innocent and who is guilty, and this job can never be done perfectly. If capital punishment(死刑)is allowed, there always exists the possibility that an innocent person will be executed by mistake. When that happens, an even worse crime has been committed—the killing of an innocent person by the government. Then there is the fact that the poor and minorities get the death penalty more often than whites do. Furthermore, the idea that capital punishment stops criminals from committing murder is doubtful; studies have been unable to show that the fear of capital punishment stops someone from committing murder more than other punishments. And let us not forget that murdering the murderer is a violent act in itself; it is revenge(复仇).
The U.S. government once followed the example of Germany, Britain, France, and other nations that no longer execute their citizens-however, since 1977, our society has been allowing capital punishment again, at a high cost. We cannot imagine the pain of family members who have been waiting for years for the government’s decision to execute or not execute their loved ones. It also costs the taxpayer millions of dollars more to execute a criminal than to imprison that criminal for life. Prison is a better form of punishment because it protects society and punishes criminals by taking away their freedom.
People can change, even people who have made terrible mistakes. Life in prison gives people the chance to change. Caryl Chessman is an example of someone who became a better person in prison. He taught other prisoners how to read, and he wrote several books. Before his execution, he wrote that he had finally learned not to hate.
Chessman learned this important lesson in prison. But a dead man learns nothing, and an executed person will never change. When a government kills, it is murdering hope.
278．According to the passage, all the followings are the results of the capital punishment EXCEPT that________.
A．capital punishment doesn’t necessarily put an end to crimes
B．execution may cause an innocent person to die
C．the blacks get executed more often than the whites do
D．capital punishment may arouse a desire for revenge
279．Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE?
A．Execution will cause the pain of the criminal’s family members.
B．Life imprisonment is more expensive than execution.
C．Some murders are mistakes, caused by anger or fear.
D．America used to be among the nations which abandoned execution.
280．The writer uses the example of Caryl Chessman to prove that________.
A．everyone can become a better person in prison
B．everyone can make terrible mistakes
C．execution robs people of the chance to change
D．It is always a good thing to learn not to hate
281．What is the main idea of the passage?
A．Not all people who kill are cruel. B．Capital punishment is revenge.
C．Prison can sometimes improve a person. D．Execution is not a better form of punishment.

【答案】278．D    279．B    280．C    281．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了死刑的判决有时候并不是一个好的，合适的惩罚方式。
278．细节理解题。根据第二段中“If capital punishment is allowed, there always exists the possibility that an innocent person will be executed by mistake. When that happens, an even worse crime has been committed—the killing of an innocent person by the government. Then there is the fact that the poor and minorities get the death penalty more often than whites do. Furthermore, the idea that capital punishment stops criminals from committing murder is doubtful; studies have been unable to show that the fear of capital punishment stops someone from committing murder more than other punishments. And let us not forget that murdering the murderer is a violent act in itself; it is revenge.”（如果允许极刑，无辜者被错误处决的可能性总是存在的。当这种情况发生时，就犯下了更严重的罪行——用政府杀死了一个无辜的人。还有一个事实是，穷人和少数族裔比白人更经常被判死刑。此外，死刑阻止罪犯杀人的想法是值得怀疑的；研究一直无法证明，对死刑的恐惧比其他惩罚更能阻止一个人谋杀。我们不要忘记，谋杀凶手本身就是一种暴力行为；这是报复。）可知，根据文章，ABC选项的内容都是死刑的结果，除了死刑可能会激起报复的欲望。故选D项。
279．细节理解题。根据第三段中“It also costs the taxpayer millions of dollars more to execute a criminal than to imprison that criminal for life.”（而且，处决一名罪犯比将其终身监禁要多花费纳税人数百万美元）可知，无期徒刑比死刑更昂贵说法是错误的。故选B项。
280．推理判断题。根据第四段中“People can change, even people who have made terrible mistakes. Life in prison gives people the chance to change. Caryl Chessman is an example of someone who became a better person in prison.”（人是会改变的，即使是犯了严重错误的人。监狱生活给了人们改变的机会。Caryl Chessman就是一个在监狱里变得更好的例子。）可知，作者用Caryl Chessman的例子来证明，死刑剥夺了人们改变的机会。故选C项。
281．主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及第一段“There are times when murder is not committed because of cruelty. People may kill for other reasons such as anger, misunderstanding, and fear. Everyone has made mistakes because of such feeling. For society, it is a serious mistake to take the life of someone who has killed because it teaches everyone that forgiveness is unnecessary.”（有些时候，杀人不是因为残忍。人们可能会因为其他原因杀人，比如愤怒、误解和恐惧。每个人都因为这种感觉而犯过错误。对社会来说，夺走一个杀人的人的生命是一个严重的错误，因为它教会每个人宽恕是没有必要的。）可知，文章主要讲的是死刑的判决有时候并不是一个更好的，合适的惩罚方式。故选D项。

As a group of young African immigrants struggle to adapt to life in the United States, an after-school drama program at White Oak Middle school aims to make their lives easier by first making them a little harder.
Project X is a program that uses drama, dance, poetry and other creative outlets to help students discuss the tough and sometimes painful problems they face as preteen immigrants with significant language barriers. A final unveiling of their creation will be performed for friends and family at the end of the year at Imagination Stage.
Wanjiru, Kamau, coordinator of White Oak’s African Club said it’s important to give troubles to group members to help them find their place at the school. “It comforts those who are uncomfortable, and it discomforts those who are comfortable,” Kamau said of Project X.
Kamau teamed up with Imagination Stage after she noticed that many African students seemed uncomfortable talking problems, such as being laughed at by their fellow students about how they look and talk. When most of the kids join the club, they speak little no English, Kamau said. Each week, the club typically draws five to ten students who are originally from Africa for discussion sessions and the Project X program.
“We are going to express ourselves through our words and our actions, and that’s powerful,” said teaching artist Meg Green as she introduced fill-in-the-blank poems the students wrote about their identities.
One students, Frank Ketchouang, 13, wrote, “I am from the world; I am love,” which drew oohs and aahs from the group. Ketchouang has been in the United States for less than a year, said Program Coordinator Chad Dike. When Ketchou and started attending Project X, he had been in the United States for two months and spoke no English. Now he’s one of the group’s most outgoing members and helps translate instructions from English to Creole for the group’s newest member, who is from Haiti.
Many people will give up when there’s a language barrier, “but these students prove them wrong.” Kamau said. “You do have something to give. You are important. When TV, media, ete. are bringing them down, this program is bringing them up.”
282．Project X is intended for helping the young African immigrants to ________.
A．get over language barriers B．overcome tough problems
C．enrich after-school life D．become more creative
283．How well the members learn in the Project X program is shown by ________.
A．their annual creative performances B．their annual scores gained at school
C．the comments of friends and family members D．the comments of program teachers
284．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A．Project X was designed by some African immigrants.
B．At first, the School had a disagreement with the Club.
C．African Children need an outlet for expression of their hatred and misery.
D．TV and media may have a harmful influence upon children.
285．The passage is written mainly to ________.
A．call for more attention to immigrants B．inspire immigrants never to give up
C．advertise for White Oak’s African Club D．introduce the Project X program

【答案】282．B    283．A    284．D    285．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一个名为“X计划”的项目，旨在帮助年轻的非洲移民克服困难。介绍了这个项目的一些情况和人们对此的看法。
282．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Project X is a program that uses drama, dance, poetry and other creative outlets to help students discuss the tough and sometimes painful problems they face as preteen immigrants with significant language barriers.(“X计划”是一个利用戏剧、舞蹈、诗歌和其他创造性途径来帮助学生讨论他们作为语言障碍严重的青春期前移民所面临的困难，有时甚至是痛苦的问题的项目)”可知，X项目旨在帮助年轻的非洲移民克服困难。故选B。
283．细节理解题。根据第二段中“A final unveiling of their creation will be performed for friends and family at the end of the year at Imagination Stage.(他们的作品将于年底在“想象舞台”上向亲朋好友展示)”可知，成员在X计划中的学习如何将通过他们的年度创造性表演来表现。故选A。
284．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“When TV, media, ete. are bringing them down, this program is bringing them up.(当电视、媒体对他们产生不良影响时，这个项目将拯救他们)”可知，D选项“电视和媒体可能对孩子们有不良影响”正确。故选D。
285．推理判断题。根据第二段中“Project X is a program that uses drama, dance, poetry and other creative outlets to help students discuss the tough and sometimes painful problems they face as preteen immigrants with significant language barriers.(“X计划”是一个利用戏剧、舞蹈、诗歌和其他创造性途径来帮助学生讨论他们作为语言障碍严重的青春期前移民所面临的困难，有时甚至是痛苦的问题的项目)结合文章主要介绍了一个名为“X计划”的项目，旨在帮助年轻的非洲移民克服困难。介绍了这个项目的一些情况和人们对此的看法。可推知，这篇文章主要是为了介绍X项目。故选D。

Criticism is judgment. A critic is a judge. A judge must study and think about the material presented to him, accept it, correct it or reject it after thinking over what he has read, watched or heard.
Another word for criticism is appreciation. When I criticize or appreciate some object or another, I look for its good points and bad points. In reading any printed or written matter, I always have a pencil in hand and put any comments in the book or on a separate paper. In other words, I always talk back to the writer.
That sort of critical reading might well be called creative reading because I am thinking along with the author, asking him questions, seeing whether he answers the questions and how well he answers them. I mark the good passages to store them in my memory piece of writing; where, how and why could or should I improve upon it?
You might think that doing what I suggested is work. Yes, it is, but the work is a pleasure because I can feel my brain expanding, my emotion reacting and my way of living change.
Reading exercises is a great influence on a person. If pictures, still or moving, accompany the reading, the memory will retain the material for a long time.
Just as evil books can corrupt, so also can good books gradually work a change on a corrupt person.
Let's get back to the beneficial effects of thinking while reading. It helps us to enlarge our minds. We understand more about the universe, its people and many of its wonders. We learn to think and observe in new ways. We certainly do get a feeling for the language we are reading. All good writers in any language have been readers who read critically and continuously.
286．According to the writer, creative reading is ________.
A．raising questions and answering them for the author
B．reading and giving comments on the materials one has read
C．thinking in the same line with the author
D．storing up facts in one's memory
287．The writer says a critic ________.
A．asks what he does not understand
B．talks back to the author
C．understand the background on which the works are based
D．looks for the good and bad points of the material he has read
288．By the phrase “thinking along with” in the third paragraph, the writer means________.
A．following one's thought closely B．accepting
C．considering D．agreeing
289．We can learn from the passage that all good readers ________.
A．understand more about their surrounding than others.
B．have a thorough insight to the problem in life.
C．have the feeling of the language they read.
D．have read extensively(广泛地) and critically

【答案】286．B    287．D    288．A    289．D
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章介绍了作者在阅读中进行的批判性阅读以及其他的想法。
286．细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“I mark the good passages to store them in my memory piece of writing; where, how and why could or should I improve upon it?(我标记好段落，把它们储存在我的记忆里。在哪些地方，如何以及为什么我可以或者应该改进它?)”可知，作者在进行创造性阅读的时候，会在阅读的内容上根据自己思考的内容做标注。故选B。
287．细节理解题。根据第二段第1、2句“Another word for criticism is appreciation. When I criticize or appreciate some object or another, I look for its good points and bad points.(批评的另一个词是欣赏。当我批评或欣赏某一事物时，我会寻找它的优点和缺点)”可知，作者认为批评和欣赏是同义词，故选D。
288．词义猜测题。根据下文“asking him questions, seeing whether he answers the questions and how well he answers them. (问他问题，看他是否回答了这些问题，以及回答得如何)”可知，作者在阅读的时候会问书作者一些问题，并且在书中找到回答，说明作者在阅读的时候会跟着书的作者一起思考。由此推知，作者会紧紧跟随着书作者的想法。故选A。
289．推理判断题。根据文章最后一句“All good writers in any language have been readers who read critically and continuously.(任何一种语言的优秀作家都是坚持批判性阅读的读者)”可知，优秀的作者也是由能持续性进行批判阅读的读者发展而来的。故选D。

Public health emergencies are a fact of life in a world as interconnected as ours. In just the past five years we have witnessed unexpected outbreaks of fatal diseases — Ebola, chikungunya, yellow fever and Zika — each of which has spread far beyond its historical geographical range. No one can say what the next large-scale emergency will be, whom it will affect or when it will strike, but we do know that it is inevitable. Yet the U.S. is unprepared to meet this threat because it does not set aside money to beat back an outbreak before it can spread.
The U.S. used to have a national public health emergency fund, first created in the 1980s, but its balance has since decreased to $57,000 — enough to buy a few thousand first aid kits but not much else. What we need is more on the order of several hundred million to $1 billion in new funding that is always and immediately available and is refilled whenever it becomes drained.
An organization is already in place to deal with natural disasters such as earthquakes and floods. The Federal Emergency Management Agency is pre-authorized to set aside hundreds of millions of dollars to pay for debris removal, for example, when state or local budgets become stressed by a weather emergency.
Creating a similar “rainy day” fund — and providing the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) with permission to use it in advance, without needing to go to the Congress could save lives and money, both at home and overseas. The idea behind an emergency fund is not to displace efforts to fight infectious disease but to increase them to meet an urgent temporary need. During an outbreak, the CDC can call on many doctors and nurses to work without pay, but the costs of transportation, medical supplies and protective equipment still have to be covered. The increase in patients typically increases the need for laboratory testing — extra requirements that can be met by short-term contracts with commercial companies.
290．According to the author, what does today’s interconnectedness lead to?
A．Fatal diseases spread farther than they used to. B．Better preparations are made to fight diseases.
C．There are more disease outbreaks than before. D．We can predict when the next emergency will strike.
291．What does the author imply about the U.S’s national public health emergency fund?
A．It was created too late. B．It has worked well before.
C．It can’t meet today’s needs. D．It can’t deal with natural disease.
292．Which statement about a “rainy day” fund is the author most likely to agree with?
A．The fund can save more lives at home than abroad during an emergency.
B．Efforts to fight fatal diseases have been displaced due to the misuse of the fund.
C．Most infectious diseases could have been prevented if the fund had been in place.
D．CDC can decide how to use the fund for emergencies without further permission.
293．What is the passage mainly about?
A．What can be achieved with a pre-weather emergency fund.
B．Why it is almost impossible to avoid future disease outbreaks.
C．Why it is especially important to fight infectious diseases now.
D．What can be done to minimize the danger of disease outbreaks.

【答案】290．A    291．C    292．D    293．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了今天的相互联系导致致命疾病比过去传播得更远，因此需要将疾病爆发的危险降到最低。因此建议美国设置一些组织和机构来应对这些紧急情况。
290．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Public health emergencies are a fact of life in a world as interconnected as ours. In just the past five years we have witnessed unexpected outbreaks of fatal diseases — Ebola, chikungunya, yellow fever and Zika — each of which has spread far beyond its historical geographical range.(突发公共卫生事件是当今世界相互关联的现实。就在过去五年中，我们目睹了埃博拉、基孔肯雅热、黄热病和寨卡等致命疾病的意外爆发，每一种疾病的传播范围都远远超出了其历史地理范围)”可知，今天的相互联系导致致命疾病比过去传播得更远。故选A。
291．推理判断题。根据第二段“The U.S. used to have a national public health emergency fund, first created in the 1980s, but its balance has since decreased to $57,000 — enough to buy a few thousand first aid kits but not much else. What we need is more on the order of several hundred million to $1 billion in new funding that is always and immediately available and is refilled whenever it becomes drained.(美国曾经有一个国家公共卫生应急基金，最早创建于上世纪80年代，但它的余额已经减少到57,000美元，只够买几千个急救包，其他的就不多了。我们需要的更多的是几亿到10亿美元的新资金，这些资金总是可以立即获得，而且一旦耗尽就会被补充)”可推知，美国国家公共卫生应急基金不能满足今天的需求。故选C。
292．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Creating a similar “rainy day” fund — and providing the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) with permission to use it in advance, without needing to go to the Congress could save lives and money, both at home and overseas.(创建一个类似的“雨天”基金——并事先向疾病控制和预防中心提供使用它的许可，而不需要向国会申请——可以在国内外拯救生命和金钱)”可推知，D选项“疾病预防控制中心可以自行决定应急资金的使用方式”的观点作者可能同意。故选D。
293．主旨大意题。根据第一段中“Public health emergencies are a fact of life in a world as interconnected as ours. In just the past five years we have witnessed unexpected outbreaks of fatal diseases — Ebola, chikungunya, yellow fever and Zika — each of which has spread far beyond its historical geographical range. No one can say what the next large-scale emergency will be, whom it will affect or when it will strike, but we do know that it is inevitable.(突发公共卫生事件是当今世界相互关联的现实。就在过去五年中，我们目睹了埃博拉、基孔肯雅热、黄热病和寨卡等致命疾病的意外爆发，每一种疾病的传播范围都远远超出了其历史地理范围。没有人能说下一个大规模的紧急情况会是什么，会影响谁，何时会发生，但我们知道这是不可避免的)”结合下文建议美国设置一些组织和机构来应对这些紧急情况。可知，这篇文章主要讲的是如何将疾病爆发的危险降到最低。故选D。





Places, People and Property with Strutt & Parker


The world might seem focused on urbanization, but over the past five years of our Housing Futures research, we have seen the emergence of a new trend in housing — the desire to move back to rural locations.
With advancements in technology, villages are now more connected than ever. Our Housing Futures research, focusing on The Village Revival, identified that 21% of respondents expressed a desire to move to a village making it probably the most popular location for buyers. Those looking to move cited neighborhood safety (86%), space between neighbors (58%) and a strong community feel (48%) as key factors to leave cities and settle in rural location.
Figures show that England’s rural economy produces ₤210 billion of economic output. In fact, a quarter of all registered businesses are based in rural locations. The expansion of broadband and mobile communications has seen a greater rate of working from home in rural locations compared to urban areas. It seems that the same factors that once drove urbanization -- improving economic and social conditions — are now inspiring the village revival.
So, if you’re thinking of moving to a more rural locations, Strutt & Parker is well placed to help.
Our agents take the time to really understand what you’re looking for.
No.1 Guide price ₤795,000
A charming four-bedroom period cottage with contemporary accommodation, located in the picturesque Dorset village of Franham.
No.2 Guide price ₤365,000
A generous three-bedroom family home in beautiful surroundings with impressive views over the countryside and beyond.
No.3 Guide price ₤775,000
A five-bedroom outstanding house with magnificent coastal views. The house was built in the 1980s and has been repainted and redecorated in the last five years by the current owners.
No.4 Guide price ₤190,000
A traditional Hebridean-style single-bedroom cottage, offers a fantastic opportunity to acquire a unique holiday cottage which has excellent income producing potential.

294．Which of the following statements is FALSE about rural locations?A．Most of the registered businesses are based in rural areas.
B．One fifth people interviewed have a desire to live in rural areas.
C．Villages are more convenient and suitable for living than ever before.
D．Villages usually have a safe, undisturbed but closely connected neighborhood.
295．Mike is planning to invest in a village cottage at a relatively low price and lend it to parents with two children. He is most likely to choose the ________ cottage.
A．No.1 B．No.2
C．No.3 D．No.4
296．Readers can most probably see the above information ________
A．in a textbook. B．on a website. C．in a TV program. D．in the newspaper.

【答案】294．A    295．B    296．D
【导语】本文是一则广告。全世界似乎都在关注城市化，但在过去5年斯特鲁特和帕克房产代理商对住房未来的研究中，他们看到了住房方面出现了一种新趋势，即人们希望搬回农村。本文介绍了斯特鲁特和帕克的四处房产信息。
294．细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“In fact, a quarter of all registered businesses are based in rural locations. (事实上，四分之一的注册企业都位于农村地区)”可知，位于农村地区的注册企业占“四分之一”，A项“Most of the registered businesses are based in rural areas. (大多数注册企业都位于农村地区)”陈述错误。故选A项。
295．细节理解题。根据本题题干“Mike is planning to invest in a village cottage at a relatively low price and lend it to parents with two children. (麦克打算以相对较低的价格投资一间乡村小屋，并借给有两个孩子的父母。)”可知，麦克要找价位相对便宜的，有三个房间的房子，并租出去。根据“No.1 Guide price ₤795,000”，“No.2 Guide price ₤365,000”，“No.3 Guide price ₤775,000”，“No.4 Guide price ₤190,000A”的价位比较，以及“No.2 Guide price ₤365,000”的“A generous three-bedroom family home in beautiful surroundings with impressive views over the countryside and beyond.(宽敞的三居室家庭住宅，环境优美，可以欣赏到令人印象深刻的乡村景色。)”可知，No.2价位相对较低，房间数量正好，麦克可以选No.2。故选B项。



Creating a wishlist is easy!
1. Add itemsYou can add items to your wishlist in seconds. Simply click the Add to Wishlist link on any product page and the product will be saved. If you don’t have an account, your wishlist will be saved for the duration of your browser session.
2. Share your wishlistWhen you create an account, you can choose to make private and public wishlists. Public wishlists means that you can send a link to your friends and family and they can see what you’ve saved!
3. Buy your items!You can access your wishlist at any time, and when you’re ready to purchase something, simply click Add to Basket. You can also click Quick View if you want to see more details of the product.
4. Create!There’s no limit to how many wishlists you can have. Not only can you create public and private wishlists, but you can also choose which wishlist to make your default.
Help & Additional Infomation
• Privacy PolicyWe will not share or exchange online information that you provide us (including e-mail addresses).
• Security
All personal information you submit is encrypted and secure.

297．If you manage to create an account, you’ll be able to have the following rights EXCEPT ________.A．sharing your wishlist with friends
B．exchanging personal information with others
C．making the wishlist public or private
D．creating multiple wishlists
298．Which of the following is TRUE about creating a wishlist?
A．Those who have no account created are allowed to make no more than two wishlists.
B．Your friend can see what is saved in your wishlist by popping into the homepage directly.
C．If you want to buy what’s in your wishlist, you should first put them into your basket.
D．Personal information like e-mail addresses is not necessary when logging in.
299．You are most probably to find this piece of information ________.
A．in a school newspaper B．on a shopping website
C．in a travel brochure D．in a promotion leaflet

【答案】297．B    298．C    299．B
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，介绍如何在网上创建一份愿望清单。
297．细节理解题。根据“2.Share your wishlist”中“Public wishlists means that you can send a link to your friends and family and they can see what you’ve saved!”（公众愿望清单意味着你可以向朋友和家人发送链接，他们可以看到你保存了什么！）可知A项（和朋友分享愿望清单）正确，再根据“When you create an account, you can choose to make private and public wishlists.（当你创建一个帐户时，您可以选择创建私有和公共的愿望清单）”可知C项（将愿望公开或保密）正确，最后根据“4. Create!”中的“There’s no limit to how many wishlists you can have. （你可以有多少个愿望清单是没有限制的）”可知D项（创建多个愿望清单）正确，而文中并没有提到你可以与他人交换个人信息，通过排除法可知如果设法创建了一个帐户，您将能够拥有A、C、D项所述权限，除了B项。故选B项。
298．细节理解题。根据“3. Buy your items!”中的“You can access your wishlist at any time, and when you’re ready to purchase something, simply click Add to Basket. （你可以在任何时候访问你的愿望清单，当你准备购买东西时，只需点击“添加到购物篮”）”可知，如果你想买你愿望清单上的东西，你应该先把它们放进你的购物篮里。故选C项。
299．推理判断题。根据“1. Add items”中的“Simply click the Add to Wishlist link on any product page and the product will be saved.（只需单击任何产品页面上的Add to Wishlist链接，产品就会被保存）”中的点击链接，可知是在网站上找到这条信息。故选B项。


A Tour Around Tasmanian, Australia
Come to Tasmanian, Australia for a great tour around the coasts, wetlands, rain forests, national parks and mountains in search of its different wildlife and beautiful scenery.
Expect to see different types of wildlife from little penguins to a large number of birds. With just 10 places available, all guests will have a deeply personal experience, in a friendly atmosphere designed to have a low effect on the places visited.
Tour Details:
◎Lasting up to 12 days
◎Traveling on foot and by boat
◎A small group tour with just 10 guests
◎Led throughout by biologist Nick Mooney
◎Seeing some unusual and endangered wildlife
◎Staying in 4-star hotels, wood-built rainforest houses and farms
◎Visiting Mount Field National Park, Cradle Mountain, Maria Island and Bruny Island
The tour is perfect for those nature-lovers, as it acts as a fantastic introduction to Tasmania’s amazing plants and animals and how it is being protected while allowing those with a deep understanding of wildlife protection to observe a great many species on land, in the sky and at sea.
Email to to book now and we will provide you with more information.
300．What do we know about the tour?
A．It is guided by a biologist. B．It lasts ten days.
C．It offers hotels for free. D．It offers a bus.
301．What should people do on the tour?
A．Protect nature. B．Feed wildlife.
C．Stay away from forests. D．Visit twelve attractions.
302．How should the tour be booked?
A．By phone. B．By email.
C．By posting a letter. D．By going to a travel company.

【答案】300．A    301．A    302．B
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍的是澳大利亚Tasmanian之旅。
300．细节理解题。根据Tour Details:部分的“◎Led throughout by biologist Nick Mooney(由生物学家Nick Mooney带领)”可知，这次旅行由一位生物学家担任向导。故选A。
301．推理判断题。根据第二段的“all guests will have a deeply personal experience, in a friendly atmosphere designed to have a low effect on the places visited.(所有的客人将有一个深刻的个人体验，置身于在一种被设计成对参观地点影响不大的氛围中)”推知，人们在旅行中应该保护自然。故选A。


eLibrary for Teens
Below are four FREE library apps that offer materials of special interest to teens
OverDrive
OverDrive provides new and popular e-books, e-audiobooks and e-videos. You can browse (浏览) by subjects and select Young Adult Fiction, Young Adult Literature, Young Adult Nonfiction or Young Adult Videos. Don’t forget to check out the Comics and Graphic Books ( 漫画与绘本)category if you enjoy graphic novels! Many borrowed e-books, e-audiobooks and e-videos can be downloaded to the free Libby app or OverDrive app for mobile devices. Titles will automatically expire(到期) at the end of the lending period. There are no late fees!
Hoopla
Hoopla is a digital media service which enables users to borrow a selection of movies, television shows, educational videos, documentaries, music, e-books, e-audiobooks, comics, and graphic novels. Everything can be downloaded instantly! You can check out up to 8 items per month.
Freading
E-books are always accessible! Also check out its collection of Test Preparation books, under the Study Aids category. To find teen books, search by category and select Young Adult Fiction. Freading highlights travel books and has a large collection of frequently updated travel guides, which offer affordable ways to see the sites that you want when you travel.
Mango
Do you want to learn a new language? Try the Mango Languages Library Edition app! You can learn to speak new languages and meet new cultures through cool experiences like overhearing a conversation between native speakers or watching a suspense-ridden action flick(悬念重重的动作片). Mango can be used online from any computer, anywhere, at any time.
303．What do the first two apps have in common?
A．They both charge late fees.
B．They both include no graphic novels.
C．They both provide downloadable e-books.
D．They both put no limits on the number of borrowed books.
304．Which of the following is the highlight of Freading?
A．Young Adult Literature. B．Young Adult Fiction
C．Test Preparation books. D．Travel books.
305．Which app should you turn to if you want to learn new languages?
A．OverDrive B．Hoopla C．Freading D．Mango

【答案】303．C    304．D    305．D
【导语】本文为一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个网上图书馆软件。
303．细节理解题。根据文章OverDrive部分“Many borrowed e-books, e-audiobooks and e-videos can be downloaded to the free Libby app or OverDrive app for mobile devices.（许多借阅电子书，电子有声读物和电子视频都可以下载到免费的Libby软件或者OverDrive软件。）”和Hoopla部分“Everything can be downloaded instantly!（所有的都可以马上下载。）”可知，这两个软件的共同点是都提供可下载的电子书，故选C。
304．细节理解题。根据文章Freading部分“Freading highlights travel books and has a large collection of frequently updated travel guides, which offer affordable ways to see the sites that you want when you travel.（Freading软件最突出的就是旅游书籍，它收藏着大量时刻更新的旅游指南，这样当你旅游时，就可以看到那些你想要看到的景点。）”可知，Freading最突出的就是旅游书籍，故选D。
305．细节理解题。根据文章Mango部分“Do you want to learn a new language? Try the Mango Languages Library Edition app!（想要学习一门新的语言吗 ？试一下Mango语言图书馆软件吧。）”可知，如果你想要学习新的语言，就应该选择Mango软件，故选D。

Less Well-known, but Equally Fascinating National Parks in the US
Alcatraz Island (San Francisco, California)
Alcatraz Island, also known as “The Rock” (only 0.029 square miles) in the middle of San Francisco Bay, is the home of the oldest operating lighthouse on the west coast and the infamous federal prison. Visit the legendary island that once served as the San Francisco armoury (军工厂). “The Rock” will give visitors a glimpse of what life was like for prisoners and guards. Advance purchase is required because of the limited number of visitors allowed on the Island each day.
Cape Cod National Seashore (Wellfleet, Massachusetts)
Cape Cod National Seashore is a protected area of shoreline, natural habitats, and historically significant structures. It consists of 68 square miles of beaches, ponds, marshes, and woodlands extending for 40 miles. With its historic lighthouses, this park is a great place to swim in the Atlantic, explore nature trails and learn about the nation’s sailing past and present.
Biscayne National Park (Miami, Florida)
The park provides access for visitors to encounter and explore the scenery, wildlife, history and other amazing resources. This park covers 270 square miles, and 95% of it is underwater. Divers and snorkelers hit the ocean to explore shipwrecks and a bright coral reef, home to reef lobsters.
Florissant Fossil Beds National Monument (Florissant, Colorado)
Beneath a grassy mountain valley in central Colorado, lies one of the richest and most diverse fossil deposits in the world. This mountain valley protects 9 square miles of petrified (石化) redwoods and fossils of ancient insects and plants, which were preserved 35 million years ago when erupting volcanoes covered the valley in ash. Apart from a variety of outdoor activities, it offers visitors opportunities for hands-on experience to learn about fossils and science in the exhibit area.
306．What are tourists required to do to go on Alcatraz Island?
A．Protect nature reserves. B．Take diving suits.
C．Make reservations in advance. D．Know how to operate the lighthouse.
307．A fan of prehistoric creatures will probably go to ________.
A．Alcatraz Island B．Cape Cod National Seashore
C．Biscayne National Park D．Florissant Fossil Beds National Monument
308．Where is this text probably from?
A．A geography book. B．A guide book. C．A news report. D．A science magazine.

【答案】306．C    307．D    308．B
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了美国一些不太知名的国家公园。
306．细节理解题。根据第一部分的“Advance purchase is required because of the limited number of visitors allowed on the Island each day.(由于岛上每天允许的游客数量有限，需要提前购买)”可知， Alcatraz Island要求游客提前预定。故选C。
307．细节理解题。根据最后一部分的“This mountain valley protects 9 square miles of petrified (石化) redwoods and fossils of ancient insects and plants, which were preserved 35 million years ago when erupting volcanoes covered the valley in ash.(这个山谷保护着9平方英里的石化红杉和古代昆虫和植物的化石，这些化石是3500万年前火山爆发时被火山灰覆盖的山谷保存下来的)”可知，Florissant Fossil Beds National Monument保存着史前化石。由此可知，一个史前生物迷最有可能来这里。故选D。
308．推理判断题。根据标题“Less Well-known, but Equally Fascinating National Parks in the US(美国不太知名但同样迷人的国家公园)”以及下文对四个公家公园特色的介绍推知，本文很有可能出自一本旅游指南。故选B。

Exploring Atlanta on two wheels!
Earl’s Road Ride
With long uphill climbs and steep downhill paths, Earl’s Road Ride was meant to be ridden fast. You’ll start off from Earl’s Bike Shop, ride northwards as you power through Buckhead, and then rush towards Vinings. As you reach the rail yards of Northwest Atlanta, you’ll know you’ve nearly made it.
Date: January 19th
Distance: 29.2 miles
Estimated time: 2:30 hrs
The Mural Ride
This ride takes you through some of Atlanta’s most colorful neighborhood. This is a fairly easy ride designed to be done at a pace that allows you to enjoy mural painting on the street. This route draws from several of their sector maps to create a though covering Grant Park, Downtown, the West End, up to the westside and back across lower Midtown to the start at Manny’s Grant Park.
Date: February 25th
Distance: 13.08 miles
Estimated Time: 3:00 hrs
Atlanta’s Loneliest Path
This street route shows you the close proximity (邻近) of industrial, commercial and residential spaces invisible to most people who do not live here. At the southernmost point, you will find the Phoenix Airport, you’ll explore some of the Gulch to the security fence of Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport, you’ll explore some of Fulton’s oldest neighborhoods with ease.
Date: March 25th
Distance: 28.4 miles
Estimated Time: 2:00 hrs
City Cycling-Atlanta Bicycle Coalition
February 2th Pre-Ride: a virtual gathering where we’ll build community, share skills and learn about three easy rides. February 3rd through the 8th: take up one or more of the skill-and confidence-building rides alone or with your friends. February 9th Post-Ride: a virtual gathering where we’ll share our experiences, celebrate our achievement and talk about “What’s next?”
Date: February 2nd-9th
Route 1: 7.5 miles
Route 2: 10 miles
Route 3: 5 miles
309．What is special about The Mural Ride?
A．It requires both strength and spread.
B．It offers three different types of routes.
C．It features a combination of art and sport.
D．It covers the oldest neighborhoods in Fulton.
310．What will participants do on February 2nd ?
A．Cycle along the Phoenix Path.
B．Meet together online for the coming rides.
C．Share experiences and have a celebration party.
D．Visit Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport.
311．Which of the following is the most challenging?
A．Earl’s Road Road Ride. B．The Mural Ride.
C．Atlanta’s Loneliest Path. D．City Cycling-Atlanta Bicycle Coalition

【答案】309．C    310．B    311．A
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，文章主要介绍了骑自行车游览亚特兰大的四条线路。
309．细节理解题。根据“The Mural Ride”下文介绍的第一、二句“This ride takes you through some of Atlanta’s most colorful neighborhood. This is a fairly easy ride designed to be done at a pace that allows you to enjoy mural painting on the street.(这趟旅程将带你穿越Atlanta最丰富多彩的社区。这是一个相当简单的旅程，设计的速度可以让你在街上欣赏壁画。)”可知，这条线路可以让骑行者欣赏沿途的壁画，由此可知，The Mural Ride的特别之处在于将艺术和体育相结合。故选C。
310．细节理解题。根据“City Cycling-Atlanta Bicycle Coalition”下文介绍的第一句“February 2th Pre-Ride: a virtual gathering where we’ll build community, share skills and learn about three easy rides. (2月2日骑行前：一个在线虚拟聚会，我们将在这里建立社区，分享技能，并学习三种简单的骑行方式。)”可知，在2月2日这一天，参与者们将会通过在线的方式一起交流学习，为即将到来的骑行活动做好准备。故选B。
311．推理判断题。根据“Earl’s Road Ride”下文介绍中的“With long uphill climbs and steep downhill paths, Earl’s Road Ride was meant to be ridden fast. You’ll start off from Earl’s Bike Shop, ride northwards as you power through Buckhead, and then rush towards Vinings. As you reach the rail yards of Northwest Atlanta, you’ll know you’ve nearly made it.(Earl公路骑行有漫长的上坡路和陡峭的下坡路，它的目的是快速骑行。你将从厄尔自行车店出发，向北行驶，穿过Buckhead，然后冲向Vinings。当你到达亚特兰大西北部的铁路站场时，你会知道你已经快到了。)”和“Distance: 29.2 miles(距离：29.2英里)”以及“Estimated Time: 2:30 hrs(预计时间：2.5小时)”可知，这条线路最具有挑战性。故选A。

Four Books about Super Scientists
You’ll find the lives of these top minds to be as inspiring as they are exciting in the following books.
The Extraordinary Life of Alan Turing
Second World War code-breaker Alan Turing features on the Bank of England’s new £50 note as a computer pioneer. This biography follows him from his childhood as a quiet boy who loved maths to becoming one of the most important scientists in history.
100 Scientists Who Made History
Bringing together mini-biographies of 100 scientists and innovators, this book will give you an overview of the history of science. Including astronauts, biologists, chemists, coders, doctors and physicists, it features fun facts about everyone from Hippocrates and Leonardo da Vinci through to Marie Curie and Stephen Hawking.
Rosalind Franklin: A Life Story
Rosalind Franklin was the scientist whose contribution to a crucial discovery in DNA — the chemical that tells your body how to grow and develop — was not recognized until after her death. This book shines a light on the extraordinary story of her life and achievements, using timelines, illustrations and fascinating facts.
40 Inspiring Icons: Super Scientists
Each part of this colourful illustrated book introduces you to a different “super scientist” and their discoveries. This is a fun and easy way to learn about all sorts of ideas, including Louis Pasteur’s vaccinations and Ada Lovelace’s invention of mysterious codes.
312．Whose contribution was recognised after death?
A．Marie Curie’s. B．Louis Pasteur’s. C．Rosalind Franklin’s. D．Stephen Hawking’s.
313．Which book will attract readers who are interested in computer science?
A．Rosalind Franklin: A Life Story B．100 Scientists Who Made History
C．40 Inspiring Icons: Super Scientists D．The Extraordinary Life of Alan Turing
314．Where can the text probably be found?
A．In a novel. B．In a magazine. C．In a biography. D．In a diary.

【答案】312．C    313．D    314．B
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四本与顶级科学家相关的书籍。
312．细节理解题。根据标题“Rosalind Franklin: A Life Story”项下内容“Rosalind Franklin was the scientist whose contribution to a crucial discovery in DNA — the chemical that tells your body how to grow and develop — was not recognized until after her death. (Rosalind Franklin是一位科学家，她对DNA的重要发现作出了贡献——告诉你的身体如何生长和发育的化学物质——但直到她去世后才被承认。)”可知Rosalind Franklin的贡献在她去世后才被承认；故选C项。
313．细节理解题。根据标题“The Extraordinary Life of Alan Turing”项下内容“Second World War code-breaker Alan Turing features on the Bank of England’s new £50 note as a computer pioneer. This biography follows him from his childhood as a quiet boy who loved maths to becoming one of the most important scientists in history. (第二次世界大战的密码破译员Alan Turing是英格兰银行新发行的50英镑钞票上的一位计算机先驱。这本传记记录了他从一个喜欢数学的安静的小男孩到成为历史上最重要的科学家之一的经历。)”可知这本书是讲述一个历史上伟大的计算机科学家Alan Turing的事迹，故推知这本书会吸引对计算机科学感兴趣的读者；故选D项。
314．推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了四本与顶级科学家相关的书籍，让读者大致了解了每本书的主要内容和书中所记载的那些科学家及他们的发明；故推知本文可能出自于一篇杂志；故选B项。

Let’s be honest: it can be hard to get motivated to do your schoolwork even in the best of times. So finding the motivation while you’re learning from home, is extra challenging. Here are a few tips that could maximize your motivation.
1. Guard Your Time
You do not need large amounts of time to be productive. Instead, be focused in short blocks when you can work without interruption. Protect these open times by setting up your workspace to minimize distractions—including silencing notifications (通知) on your cellphone or laptop.
2. Determine How Much Work Is Needed
Write down the work you need to achieve, because there is a limit to how much information you can recall and process at one time. Examine the remaining projects, and estimate the amount and type of effort each requires.
3. Break Large Projects into Smaller Ones
Breaking big projects into smaller and more manageable tasks allows you to achieve maximum efficiency and effectiveness. Your assigned tasks should follow a logical order. Also, making a list and crossing things off that list is really satisfying.
4. Set Goals
Set goals related to effort. For example, plan to spend 60 minutes at a specific time of the day studying a pre-determined concept. Also, set goals related to the completion of specific tasks or projects. For instance, give yourself a deadline to read and take notes on a specific article for a certain paper you must write.
5. Identify the Rewards
It pays to clarify the rewards this term—whether those rewards are internal, such as the feeling of accomplishment (成就) that comes from understanding a difficult concept well, or external, such as getting a good grade.
Work to build good habits and strategics now. It will pay off in the future.
315．What skills do the first two tips relate to?
A．Writing skills. B．Social skills.
C．Teamwork skills. D．Time management skills.
316．According to the passage, which can help you most when you are faced with a big task?
A．Tip 2. B．Tip 3. C．Tip 4. D．Tip 5.
317．Which belongs to internal rewards?
A．Getting a good grade. B．Receiving a mobile phone.
C．Having a sense of achievement. D．Having a big meal.
318．What is the main purpose of the passage?
A．To show students how to stay focused on schoolwork.
B．To analyze students’ difficulties of learning from home.
C．To offer students advice on how to improve productivity.
D．To summarize some tips for parents to share with their children.

【答案】315．D    316．B    317．C    318．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了一些可以激发学生学习动力，帮助学生提高学习效率的建议。
315．推理判断题。根据“Guard Your Time”部分关键句“Protect these open times by setting up your workspace to minimize distractions—including silencing notifications (通知) on your cellphone or laptop.”（通过设置工作空间，尽量减少干扰，包括在手机或笔记本电脑上静音通知，来保护这些开放时间。）和“Determine How Much Work Is Needed”部分关键句“Write down the work you need to achieve, because there is a limit to how much information you can recall and process at one time. Examine the remaining projects, and estimate the amount and type of effort each requires.”（写下你需要完成的工作，因为一次可以回忆和处理的信息是有限的。检查剩余的项目，并估计每个项目所需的工作量和类型。）可知，前两个技巧告诉我们要运用好时间来提高效率，并且要学会管理时间，确定固定时间内需要完成的工作，由此可知，前两个技巧与时间管理技能相关。故选D项。
316．推理判断题。根据“Break Large Projects into Smaller Ones”部分关键句“Breaking big projects into smaller and more manageable tasks allows you to achieve maximum efficiency and effectiveness.”（将大型项目分解为更小、更易于管理的任务，可以实现最大的功效和效率。）可知，第三条技巧告诉我们，当我们遇到大型项目时，可以将大型项目分解为更小、更易于管理的任务，这有助于实现最大的功效和效率，由此可知，当你面临重大任务时，第三条技巧最能帮助你。故选B项。
317．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段内容“It pays to clarify the rewards this term—whether those rewards are internal, such as the feeling of accomplishment (成就) that comes from understanding a difficult concept well, or external, such as getting a good grade.”（这期间要明确奖励是值得的，无论这些奖励是内部的，比如对困难概念的理解带来的成就感，还是外部的，比如获得好成绩。）可知，我们所获得的成就感属于内部奖励，结合选项可知，有成就感属于内部奖励。故选C项。
318．推理判断题。通读文章，结合第一段内容“Let’s be honest: it can be hard to get motivated to do your schoolwork even in the best of times. So finding the motivation while you’re learning from home, is extra challenging. Here are a few tips that could maximize your motivation.”（老实说：即使在最好的时候，也很难有动力去做功课。因此，在家学习时找到动力是一项额外的挑战。以下是一些可以最大限度地激发你动力的建议。）可知，本文主要提供了一些可以激发学生学习动力，帮助学生提高学习效率的建议，由此可知，文章的主要目的是为学生提供如何提高学习效率的建议。故选C项。

Emily Urich  18 years old  Canada
A lot of teens aren’t responsible(有责任感的), and that’s where I’m different. Not just about school but everyday things, like being able to pay my own credit card (信用卡) bills on time.
The first time I got a cartoon book was on my third birthday, From then on. I fell in deep love with it. And can you guess how many cartoon books I’ve read? I don’t really know the exact number. But I have three full boxes of them under my bed. I also like drawing cartoons and wish to be an art teacher in a school.
Joe Miller  16 years old  America
I’m proud of doing things in my own way. So whenever somebody wants me to do something or whatever it is. I feel like they’re all other people’s thoughts, not really mine. But like others, I love reading, too.
When I first took skiing lessons, I found it exciting. For skiing racing, there’s no question that I’m better shape than most boys. I think it’s fun. I mean, it is a challenge. It’s where I picked up the idea of needing a challenge always in my life. In order to improve my skiing skills, I have read many books and magazines about it. No doubt it’s my dream to win gold medals in the Olympic Games.
An Oi   15 years old   China
I’m different because I prefer to drop out of the world to create my own world. I’d like to build a house on a mountain. And I choose to live without electricity, a telephone, or even indoor plumbing(卫生设备).
I have many hobbies such as traveling, reading, writing and spending time with children. I love children because they are smart and creative. They always have many strange ideas. It makes me excited. I want to do something for Hope Project and become a country school teacher.
319．According to Emily, we can infer (推断) that _________.
A．other people trust her B．she does sports at weekends
C．she laughs at other people D．she gets up late on Sundays
320．We know that Joe Miller_________.
A．doesn’t like to follow others B．thinks skiing is too dangerous
C．does well in drawing cartoons D．enjoys living somewhere quietly
321．An Qi wants to be a country school teacher because_________.
A．she wants to travel B．her parents are teachers
C．she loves children D．she comes from the countryside

【答案】319．A    320．A    321．C
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。介绍的是来自与三位不同国家的青少年的兴趣爱好以及自己的梦想。
319．推理判断题。根据第一段中的首句“A lot of teens aren’t responsible(有责任感的), and that’s where I’m different.(很多青少年不负责任，这就是我与众不同的地方。)”可知，Emily是个很有责任心的人，因此可推断，其他人很信任他。故选A项。
320．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“I’m proud of doing things in my own way.(我为以自己的方式做事而感到自豪。)”可知，Joe Miller按自己的方式做事情，不会跟随其他人。故选A项。
321．细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“I love children because they are smart and creative. (我喜欢孩子，因为他们聪明而有创造力。)”和“I want to do something for Hope Project and become a country school teacher.(我想为希望工程做点什么，成为一名乡村学校教师。)”可知，An Qi想去做乡村教师，是因为她喜欢孩子，想为孩子们做些什么。故选C项。

Our Touring and Camping Park has been awarded 4 stars. Open from lst of March to 3lst of October. Please read our Terms &.Conditions about the following four areas before making a booking. For a map of the Touring and Camping Park, please click here.
Hazel
This is the new high - quality multi - service(多功能服务) area and is suitable for Motorhomes. All pitches(球场) are hard-standing and can be reached through a road. Pitches allow Motorhomes up to 7.5 metres long.
Low-£23|Mid-£33|High-£37|Peak-£39
Oak
This is the camping area, lying in the North East of the park and is only suitable for tents. All pitches are grass and allow tents up to 6 metres wide. The Children’s Playground lies to the east of Oak.
Low-£17|Mid-£29|High-£33|Peak-£35
Elm
This is a small field suitable for Motorhomes. All pitches are grass and allow Motorhomes up to 6 metres wide and 6 metres long, apart from a limited number that only allow Motorhomes up to 4 metres wide.
Low-£17|Mid-£29|High-£33|Peak-£35
Ash
Lying at the western end of our park, this field is suitable for Motorhomes and has a mixture of grass and hard-standing pitches. From Ash, you can directly enter the area for amusement. It is the start of the Nature Trail and so this field is particularly suitable for customers with dogs.
Low-£19|Mid-£31|High-£35|Peak-£37
322．What is unique about Oak?
A．All pitches are grass. B．The price is the highest.
C．It is suitable for tents. D．It can be reached by a road.
323．Which place can you go to if you travel with a pet dog?
A．Hazel. B．Oak. C．Elm. D．Ash.
324．Where does this text most probably appear?
A．In a brochure. B．On a website.
C．In a magazine. D．In a textbook.

【答案】322．C    323．D    324．B
【导语】本文为一篇应用文。文章介绍了介绍了露营公园的四片场地。
322．细节理解题。根据文章中“Oak”中的第一句话“This is the camping area, lying in the North East of the park and is only suitable for tents.”（这是露营区，位于公园的东北部，只适合搭帐篷。）可知，Oak这里适合搭帐篷。故选C。
323．细节理解题。根据“Ash”中的“ It is the start of the Nature Trail and so this field is particularly suitable for customers with dogs.”（这是自然步道的起点，所以这个场地特别适合带狗的客人。）可知，Ash这里适合带宠物。故选D。
324．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Our Touring and Camping Park has been awarded4 stars. Open from lst of March to 3lst of October.Please read our Terms &.Conditions about the following four areas before making a booking.For a map of the Touring and Camping Park,please click here.”（我们的旅游露营公园被评为4颗星。3月1日至10月3日开放。请阅读我们的条款和。预订前需了解以下四个方面的条件。如欲浏览旅游露营公园地图，请按此。）可知，本文介绍的是露营公园，文章可能来自于工人们浏览的网站。故选B。

Marie Curie and Her Daughters
by Imogen Greenberg
Illustrated (插图) by Isabel Greenberg
You’ve probably heard of scientist Marie Curie and her discoveries, but how about her daughters, Irene and Eve? This beautiful illustrated book follows the adventures of the family as they save lives during wars, travel around the world, and change the history of science.
Swordswoman!
by Devika Rangachari
Discover the amazing true story of Queen Lakshmibai of Jhansi — an Indian queen who could read and write. Find out how she trained other women to fight next to her and became a symbol of resistance to British rule in India in 1857.
Queens: 3,000 Years of the Most Incredible Women in History
by Victoria Crossman
Celebrating queens from all over the world and through history, this book describes Cleopatra of Egypt, Queen Nanny of Jamaica, Catherine the Great of Russia, Empress Jingu of Japan, Boudicca in Britain and Queen Elizabeth II, among others. It’s full of illustrations and details.
The Girl with Her Head in the Clouds
by Karen McCombie
Illustrated by Anneli Bray
London, 1904. When a couple of showmen need help with a stunt, 16-year-old Dolly volunteers. Soon, she’s busy with working as a parachutist (跳伞者). This story is based on the real life of parachute performer Dolly Shepherd.
325．Which of the following books is science-related?
A．Queens: 3,000 Years of the Most Incredible Women in History.
B．The Girl with Her Head in the Clouds.
C．Marie Curie and Her Daughters.
D．Swordswoman!
326．Whose book is based on a performer’s personal experience?
A．Imogen Greenberg’s. B．Devika Rangachari’s.
C．Victoria Crossman’s. D．Karen McCombie’s.
327．What do these four books have in common?
A．They have the same social background. B．They describe the influence of wars.
C．They are created by two people. D．They are about women heroes.

【答案】325．C    326．D    327．D

【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了4本关于女性英雄的书。
325．细节理解题。根据小标题Marie Curie and Her Daughters下的段落中“You’ve probably heard of scientist Marie Curie and her discoveries, but how about her daughters, Irene and Eve? This beautiful illustrated book follows the adventures of the family as they save lives during wars, travel around the world, and change the history of science.(你可能听说过科学家玛丽·居里和她的发现，但你听说过她的女儿艾琳和伊芙吗?这本漂亮的插图书讲述了这个家庭在战争中拯救生命、周游世界、改变科学史的冒险故事)”可知，Marie Curie and Her Daughters这本书与科学有关。故选C项。
326．细节理解题。根据小标题The Girl with Her Head in the Clouds下的段落中“London, 1904. When a couple of showmen need help with a stunt, 16-year-old Dolly volunteers. Soon, she’s busy with working as a parachutist. This story is based on the real life of parachute performer Dolly Shepherd.(伦敦，1904年。当两个表演人员需要帮助表演特技时，16岁的多莉自愿参加。很快，她就忙着做一名跳伞员。这个故事是根据降落伞表演者多莉·谢泼德的真实生活改编的)”可知，The Girl with Her Head in the Clouds是根据演员的个人经历写的，它的作者是Karen McCombie。故选D项。
327．细节理解题。根据各个小标题下的段落中“You’ve probably heard of scientist Marie Curie and her discoveries, but how about her daughters, Irene and Eve? This beautiful illustrated book follows the adventures of the family as they save lives during wars, travel around the world, and change the history of science.(你可能听说过科学家玛丽·居里和她的发现，但你听说过她的女儿艾琳和伊芙吗？这本漂亮的插图书讲述了这个家庭在战争中拯救生命、周游世界、改变科学史的冒险故事) ”；“Discover the amazing true story of Queen Lakshmibai of Jhansi — an Indian queen who could read and write. Find out how she trained other women to fight next to her and became a symbol of resistance to British rule in India in 1857.(探索詹西的拉克什米拜女王的真实故事，她是一位会读会写的印度女王。了解她如何训练其他妇女与她并肩作战，并在1857年成为抵抗英国统治印度的象征)”；“Celebrating queens from all over the world and through history, this book describes Cleopatra of Egypt, Queen Nanny of Jamaica, Catherine the Great of Russia, Empress Jingu of Japan, Boudicca in Britain and Queen Elizabeth II, among others. (这本书歌颂了来自世界各地和历史上的女王，描述了埃及的克利奥帕特拉、牙买加的保姆女王、俄罗斯的叶卡捷琳娜大帝、日本的金古皇后、英国的布迪卡和伊丽莎白女王二世等人)”以及“London, 1904. When a couple of showmen need help with a stunt, 16-year-old Dolly volunteers. Soon, she’s busy with working as a parachutist. This story is based on the real life of parachute performer Dolly Shepherd.(伦敦，1904年。当两个表演人员需要帮助表演特技时，16岁的多莉自愿参加。很快，她就忙着做一名跳伞员。这个故事是根据降落伞表演者多莉·谢泼德的真实生活改编的)”可知，这四本书的共同点是，它们写的都是关于女英雄的。故选D项。