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    一、语法从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. Leaves are found on all kinds of trees, but they differ greatly ________ size and shape.   A. on B. form C. by D. in2. The mayor has offered a reward of $ 5000 to ______ who can capture the tiger alive or dead.   A. both B. others C. anyone D. another3. Alan is a careful driver, but he drives ______ of my friends.   A. more carefully B. the most carefully   C. less carefully  D. the least carefully4. My morning ______ includes jogging in the park and reading newspapers over breakfast.   A. drill B. action C. regulation D. routine5. John was dismissed last week because of his ______ attitude towards his job.   A. informal B. casual C. determined D. earnest6. With the help of high technology, more and more new substances ______ in the past years.   A. discovered  B. have discovered C. had been discovered D. have been discovered7. --- How was the televised debate last night?   --- Super! Rarely ______ so much media attention.   A. a debate attracted  B. did a debate attract   C. a debate did attract  D. attracted a debate8. The little boy came riding full speed down the motorway on his bicycle. ______ it was!   A. What a dangerous scene B. What dangerous a scene   C. How a dangerous scene D. How dangerous the scene9. Pop music is such an important part of society ______ it has even influenced our language.   A. as B. that C. which D. where10. After a knock at the door, the child heard his mother’s voice ______ him.   A. calling B. called C. being called D. to call11. There is nothing more I can try ______ you to stay, so I wish you good luck.   A. being persuaded    B. persuading  C. to be persuaded D. to persuade12. The Town Hall ______ in the 1800’s was the most distinguished building at that time.   A. to be completed  B. having been completed   C. completed  D. being completed13. His movie won several awards at the film festival, ______ was beyond his wildest dream.   A. which B. that C. where D. it14. Small sailboats can easily turn over in the water ______ they are not managed carefully.   A. though B. before C. until D. if15. ______ he referred to in his article was unknown to the general reader.   A. That B. What C. Whether D. Where 二、 词汇填空Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. habitable  B. sensible  C. potential  D. compete  E.accommodate  F. conceptG. draw   H. advocated   I. survival   J. expanse    K. receivedMars -- the next frontierIt sounds like something from the fields of science fiction--a space expedition into the vast ___1___ of space, heading towards the Red Planet. While we're not quite ready to put a person on land, the question we ask today is: why are so many countries interested in going to Mars?The space race saw the USA and USSR___2___ to achieve firsts in spaceflight. The Soviet Union released Sputnik 1, an artificial satellite, before anyone else, and the US landed on the Moon first. Now it appears that Mars is the celestial body of desire. While the honour of being the first nation to touchdown is an obvious ___3___ , there are other reasons we want to get there.One of these could be the ___4___ of our species. You only have to look at the fossilised remains of the dinosaurs to see the benefit of finding another ___5___ planet. While Mars doesn't have the right conditions to call it home just yet, there's always the idea of terraforming-- changing the environment of a planet to ___6___ our needs to live.However, not everyone agrees. Leading astrophysicist Neil deGrasse Tyson has said the ___7___of altering habitability of another planet because of the damage we have done to Earth is not ___8___ when we can simply terraform Earth.It seems he main reason at the moment is the search for signs of life. It has long been believed that, at one time, Mars was abundant with life. Now seemingly dead, the ___9___ fossils could answer questions about our own evolution and that of our planet. One theory is that bacterial life on our planet didn't start here, but was transferred via asteroid (小行星) from Mars.One benefit ___10___ by scientists like Neil deGrasse Tyson is that landing on Mars may inspire more people to become interested in science and astronomy. Surely inspiring a new generation to visit the stars is reason enough.  三、完形填空It’s strange, but I don’t really remember about the hurricane itself. It all happened so ____1____ I was sitting in my room when the roof（屋顶）just flew off. All of a sudden, there was sky where the roof had been and I was very ____2____.  Without a roof, staying inside was really ____3____. It was August, so it was really hot and it smelled so ____4____ everywhere! Living in the open air, we became breakfast, lunch and dinner for the mosquitoes（蚊子）. We had lost our home and everything in it. But as Mom kept on ____5____ us, we were all together and safe. Mom’s words made us feel ____6____.  I remember us all lying under the midnight sky and looking up at the stars. Even though we had lost a lot, moments like those gave us ____7____ for the future.Although it was only a few days before we were ____8____, it felt like months. We were taken to another town in a faraway county. Now, one year has passed and I’m back home in New Orleans. We are working together to ____9____ our homes and our lives. Now we have another chance to look up at the stars of New Orleans, their beauty inspiring us and giving us _____10_____ to move on.1．A．informally B．currently C．regularly D．quickly2．A．pleased B．frightened C．curious D．impressive3．A．hard B．confusing C．unique D．inspiring4．A．sweet B．wet C．bad D．hot5．A．watching B．improving C．ignoring D．reminding6．A．worse B．better C．terrible D．positive7．A．money B．hope C．time D．option8．A．recognized B．saved C．contacted D．remembered9．A．observe B．explore C．struggle D．rebuild10．A．confidence B．comfort C．challenge D．direction   四、阅读理解   ATea drinking was common in China for nearly one thousand years before anyone in Europe had ever heard about it. People in Britain were much slower in finding out what tea was like, mainly because tea was very expensive. It could not be bought in shops and even those people who could afford to have it sent from Holland did so only because it was a fashionable curiosity. Some of them were not sure how to use it. They thought it was a vegetable and tried cooking the leaves. Then they served them mixed with butter and salt. They soon discovered their mistake.Tea remained scarce(稀少的) and very expensive in England until the ships of the East India Company began to bring it directly from China early in the 17th century.During the next few years so much tea came into the country that the price fell and many people could afford to buy it.Tea had been drunk without milk in it at first, but one day a famous French lady named Madame de Sevigne decided to see what tea tasted like when milk was added.She found it so pleasant that she would never drink it without milk again.She was such a great lady that her friends thought they must copy everything she did.Slowly this habit spread until it reached England and today only very few Britons drink tea without milk.At first tea was usually drunk after dinner in the evening.No one ever thought of drinking tea in the afternoon until a duchess(公爵夫人) found that a cup of tea and a piece of cake at three or four o'clock stopped her getting“a sinking feeling”as she called it.She invited her friends to have this new meal with her and so，teatime was born.1．What can we learn about the Britons from the text?A．They got expensive tea from India. B．They bought tea out of curiosity at first.C．They had tea until the early 17th century. D．They were the first to drink tea in Europe.2．When did tea become a popular drink in Britain?A．In the 17th century. B．In the early 18th century.C．In the late 18th century. D．In the 19th century.3．The underlined words“this habit”in Paragraph 3 refer to drinking tea________.A．after dinner B．in the afternoonC．with milk in it D．without milk in it4．What is the last paragraph mainly about?A．The history of tea. B．The birth of teatime.C．The ways of making tea. D．The habit of drinking tea.                               BAustralia was always a country I wanted to visit, so I saved up some money and booked a flight to go traveling up the east coast of Australia at the end of my work in London.The flight made me realize exactly how far away Australia is from home. I spent 10 hours traveling on a plane from London to Hong Kong, then a further 8 hours to Sydney, my first stop in Australia. The flight went quite quickly though, since there were lots of films to watch to keep me amused. It was strange when I arrived because everything was upside down over there; it was the start of winter (in May)! It also took me a while to get used to the time difference as I was always one day ahead of all my friends and family back home. The country is truly beautiful, full of amazing views and wildlife you wouldn’t find anywhere else in the world. One of my experiences of my trip was seeing koalas closely in Brisbane—there were koalas everywhere sleeping in the trees and I even got the chance to hold one. There was also big grassland full of kangaroos that we were allowed to feed.They were really smart and very friendly.The highlight of my trip was snorkeling in the Great Barrier Reef, as the water was amazingly clear with a beautiful shade of blue. I also got the chance to see some special creatures underwater, such as sea turtles and even a shark. Australia is an amazing country and worth visiting one day if you ever get the chance.5．What did the author think of the journey on the plane?A．Time-wasting. B．Disappointing. C．Dangerous. D．Pleasant.6．How did the author feel when he reached Sydney?A．Tired. B．Excited. C．Unfamiliar. D．Upset.7．What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about?A．Unique wild animals living in Australia. B．Beautiful natural landscape in Brisbane.C．Wonderful experiences with wild animals. D．Exciting sports during the trip in Australia.8．What does the underlined word “snorkeling” in Paragraph 4 mean?A．Fishing on the sea. B．Swimming underwater.C．Watching animal shows. D．Feeding turtles and sharks.                              CImagine this: You’re at a movie theater food stand loading up on snacks. You have a choice of a small, medium or large soda. The small is $3.50 and the large is $5.50. It’s a tough decision: The small size may not last you through the whole movie, but $5.50 for some sugary drink seems ridiculous. But there’s a third option, a medium soda for $5.25. The medium might be just right for you, but the large only cost a quarter more. If you’re like the majority of people, you end up buying the large.If you’re wondering who would purchase the medium soda, the answer is almost no one. Actually, there’s a good chance that the marketing department purposely priced the medium soda as a decoy(诱饵), making you more likely to buy the soda rather than the small.I have written about this unique human nature previously with my friend Dan Ariely, who, after noticing pricing for subscription(订阅) to The Economist, studied this phenomenon extensively. The digital subscription was $59, the print subscription was $125, and the print plus digital subscription was also $125. No one in their right mind would buy the print subscription when you could get digital as well for the same price, so why was it even an option? Ariely ran an experiment and found that when only the two“real”choices were offered, more people chose the less-expensive digital subscription. However, the bad option increased people’s likelihood of selecting the expensive print plus digital option.Brain scientists call this effect“asymmetric dominance” and it means that people are attracted to the option that is closest to an obviously inferior(较差的) option. Marketing professors call it the decoy effect, which is certainly easier to remember. It works because of the way our brain assign value when making choices. Value is rarely absolute; rather, we decide an object’s value relative to other choices. If more options are introduced, the value equation(方程) changes.9．What’s the function of the example in paragraph 1?A．To offer background information. B．To explain an economical phenomenon.C．To arouse the readers’ interest in the topic. D．To illustrate a rule when buying drinks.10．What do we learn from Dan Ariely’s experiment?A．The Economist’s print edition turns out to sell the best.B．More readers choose the digital over the print edition.C．Lower-priced goods attract more customers.D．The Economist’s promotional strategy works.11．From which website would you most probably find this text?  12．How do we assess the value of a product, according to the passage?A．by considering its usefulness. B．Comparing it with other choices.C．By examining its value equation. D．By taking its low quality into account.  四、阅读七选五 How to Improve Speed Reading SkillsSpeed reading is one of many skills that can improve your reading comprehension and shorten your study time. ____1____ Look at groups of words, not single words.____2____, then this will slow your reading speed down. However, if you can get into the habit of reading groups or chunks (大量) of words at onetime, then you can read much faster. Start by trying to look at a group of three or four words at once, then work up to looking at an entire line of works. Focus on words that give the sentence meaning, such as the nouns and verbs and pay less attention to the filler words, such as a, the, and, etc.____3____Scanning is a highly effective way of extracting answers from a text without really reading it. If you know exactly what you are looking for—a name, a date, a statistic, or a specific word—you can find it quickly by skipping over large chunks of the text. To scan, first visualize the word, number, or phrase you would like to find. ____4____The information you are looking for should pop out at you.Race the clock.You can train yourself to read faster by timing yourself as you go. Start by getting your base time. Set a timer (定时器) for fifteen minutes, and speed read as you normally do. ____5____, check to see how far you have got. Do not count the words, just the pages or paragraphs. Record your figures: for instance, you might write “15 min/6.5 pages.”A．Then, run your eyes rapidly over the textB．Check your comprehensionC．Scan for keywordsD．Here are some speed reading techniquesE．When the timer goes offF．you have to pause sometimes to understand what a passage is sayingG．If you read a text one word at a time