高中英语高考2016年高考北京卷英语试题解析（精编版）（原卷版）

这是一份高中英语高考2016年高考北京卷英语试题解析（精编版）（原卷版），共14页。

英 语
本试卷共16页，共150分。考试时长120分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第二部分：知识运用（共两节，45 分）
第一节 单项填空（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，共 15 分）
从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
例：It’s s nice t hear frm her again ________, we last met mre than thirty years ag.
A. What’s mre B. That’s t say
C. In ther wrds D. Believe it r nt
答案是D。
21. Jack ________ in the lab when the pwer cut ccurred.
A. wrksB. has wrkedC. was wrkingD. wuld wrk

22. I live next dr t a cuple ________ children ften make a lt f nise.
A. whse B. why C. where D. which
23. —Excuse me, which mvie are yu waiting fr?
—The new Star Wars. We ________ here fr mre than tw hurs.
A. waited B. wait C. wuld be waiting D. have been waiting
24. Yur supprt is imprtant t ur wrk. ________ yu can d helps.
A. Hwever B. Whever C. Whatever D. Wherever
25. I ________ half f the English nvel, and I’ll try t finish it at the weekend.
A. read B. have read C. am reading D. will read
26. ________ it easier t get in tuch with us, yu’d better keep this card at hand.
A. Made B. Make C. Making D. T make
27. My grandfather still plays tennis nw and then, ________ he’s in his nineties.
A. as lng as B. as if C. even thugh D. in case
28. ________ ver a week ag, the bks are expected t arrive any time nw.
A. OrderingB. T rderC. Having rderedD. Ordered
29. The mst pleasant thing f the rainy seasn is ________ ne can be entirely free frm dust.
A. whatB. thatC. whetherD. why
30. The students have been wrking hard n their lessns and their effrts ________ with success in the end.
A. rewarded B. were rewardedC. will reward D. will be rewarded
31. I lve the weekend, because I ________ get up early n Saturdays and Sundays.
A. needn’t B. mustn’tC. wuldn’t D. shuldn’t
32. Newly-built wden cttages line the street, ________ the ld twn int a dreamland.
A. turn B. turningC. t turn D. turned
33. I really enjy listening t music ________ it helps me relax and takes my mind away frm ther cares f the day.
A. because B. befreC. unless D. until
34. Why didn’t yu tell me abut yur truble last week? If yu ________ me, I culd have helped.
A. tld B. had tldC. were t tell D. wuld tell
35. I am nt afraid f tmrrw, ________ I have seen yesterday and I lve tday.
A. s B. andC. fr D. but
第二节 完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 30 分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A Race Against Death
It was a cld January in 1925 in Nme, Alaska. The twn was cut ff frm the rest f the wrld due t heavy snw.
On the 20th f that mnth, Dr. Welch 36 a sick by, Billy, and knew he had diphtheria, a deadly infectius(传染的) disease mainly affecting children. The children f Nme wuld be 37 if it struck the twn. Dr. Welch needed medicine as sn as pssible t stp ther kids frm getting sick. 38 , the clsest supply was ver 1,000 miles away, in Anchrage.
Hw culd the medicine get t Nme? The twn’s 39 was already full f ice, s it culdn’t cme by ship. Cars and hrses culdn’t travel n the 40 rads. Jet airplanes and big trucks didn’t exist yet.
41 January 26, Billy and three ther children had died. Twenty mre were 42 . Nme’s twn fficials came up with a(n) 43 . They wuld have the medicine sent by 44 frm Anchrage t Nenana. Frm there, dgsled(狗拉雪橇) drivers—knwn as ＂mushers＂—wuld 45 it t Nme in a relay(接力).
The race began n January 27. The first musher, Shannn, picked up the medicine frm the train at Nenana and rde all night. 46 he handed the medicine t the next musher, Shannn’s face was black frm the extreme cld.
On January 31, a musher named Seppala had t 47 a frzen bdy f water called Nrtn Sund. It was the mst 48 part f the jurney. Nrtn Sund was cvered with ice, which culd smetimes break up withut warning. If that happened, Seppala might fall int the icy water belw. He wuld 49 , and s wuld the sick children f Nme. But Seppala made it acrss.
A huge snwstrm hit n February 1. A musher named Kaasen had t brave this strm. At ne pint, huge piles f snw blcked his 50 . He had t leave the trail (雪橇痕迹)t get arund them. Cnditins were s bad that it was impssible fr him t 51 the trail again. The nly hpe was Balt, Kaasen’s lead dg. Balt put his nse t the grund, 52 t find the smell f ther dgs that had traveled n the trail. If Balt failed, it wuld mean disaster fr Nme. The minutes passed by. Suddenly, Balt began t 53 . He had fund the trail.
At 5:30 am n February 2, Kaasen and his dgs 54 in Nme. Within minutes, Dr. Welch had the medicine. He quickly gave it t the sick children. All f them recvered.
Nme had been 55 .
36. A. examinedB. warnedC. interviewedD. cured
37. A. harmless B. helpless C. fearless D. careless
38. A. Mrever B. Therefre C. Otherwise D. Hwever
39. A. airprt B. statin C. harbr D. brder
40. A. narrw B. snwy C. busy D. dirty
41. A. Frm B. On C. By D. After
42. A. tired B. upset C. pale D. sick
43. A. plan B. excuse C. message D. tpic
44. A. air B. rail C. sea D. rad
45. A. carry B. return C. mail D. give
46. A. Thugh B. Since C. When D. If
47. A. enter B. mve C. visit D. crss
48. A. shameful B. bring C. dangerus D. flish
49. A. escape B. bleed C. swim D. die
50. A. memry B. exit C. way D. destinatin
51. A. find B. fix C. pass D. change
52. A. pretending B. trying C. asking D. learning
53. A. run B. leave C. bite D. play
54. A. gathered B. stayed C. camped D. arrived
55. A. cntrlled B. saved C. funded D. develped
第三部分：阅读理解（共两节，40 分）
第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，共 30 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
December 15, 2014
Dear Alfred，
I want t tell yu hw imprtant yur help is t my life.
Grwing up, I had peple telling me I was t slw, thugh, with an IQ f 150+ at 17, I’m anything but stupid. The fact was that I was fund t have ADHD(注意力缺陷多动障碍). Anxius all the time, I was unable t keep fcused fr mre than an hur at a time.
Hwever, when smething did interest me, I culd becme absrbed. In high schl, I became curius abut the cmputer, and built my first website. Mrever, I cmpleted the senir curse f Cmputer Basics, plus five relevant pre-cllege curses.
While I was explring my curisity, my disease gt wrse. I wanted t g t cllege after high schl, but culdn’t. S, I was killing my time at hme until June 2012 when I discvered the nline cmputer curses f yur training center.
Since then, I have taken curses like Data Science and Advanced Mathematics. Currently, I’m learning yur Prbability curse. I have hundreds f printer paper, cvered in self-written ntes frm yur vides. This has given me a purpse.
Last year, I spent all my time lking fr a jb where, withut dealing with the public, I culd wrk alne, but still have a team t talk t. Luckily, I discvered the jb—Data Analyst—this mnth and have been ging full steam ahead. I want t prve that I can teach myself a respectful prfessin, withut ging t cllege, and be just as gd as, if nt better than, my cmpetitrs.
Thank yu. Yu’ve given me hpe that I can fllw my heart. Fr the first time, I feel gd abut myself because I’m ding smething, nt because smene tld me I was ding gd. I feel whle.
This is why yu’re saving my life.
Yurs,
Tanis
56. Why didn’t Tanis g t cllege after high schl?
A. She had learned enugh abut cmputer science.
B. She had mre difficulty keeping fcused.
C. She preferred taking nline curses.
D. She was t slw t learn.
57. As fr the wrking envirnment, Tanis prefers _________.
A. wrking by herself
B. dealing with the public
C. cmpeting against thers
D. staying with ADHD students
58. Tanis wrte this letter in rder t _________.
A. explain why she was interested in the cmputer
B. share the ideas she had fr her prfessin
C. shw hw grateful she was t the center
D. describe the curses she had taken s far
B
Surviving Hurricane Sandy(飓风桑迪)
Natalie Dan, 14, has always felt lucky t live in Rckaway, New Yrk. Living just a few blcks frm the beach, Natalie can see the cean and hear the waves frm her huse. ＂It’s the cean that makes Rckaway s special,＂ she says.
On Octber 29, 2012, that cean turned fierce. That night, Hurricane Sandy attacked the East Cast, and Rckaway was hit especially hard. Frtunately, Natalie’s family escaped t Brklyn shrtly befre the city’s bridge clsed.
When they returned t Rckaway the next day, they fund their neighbrhd in ruins. Many f Natalie’s friends had lst their hmes and were living far away. All arund her, peple were suffering, especially the elderly. Natalie’s schl was s damaged that she had t temprarily attend a schl in Brklyn.
In the fllwing few days, the men and wmen helping Rckaway recver inspired Natalie. Vlunteers came with carlads f dnated clthing and tys. Neighbrs devted their spare time t helping thers rebuild. Teenagers climbed dzens f flights f stairs t deliver water and fd t elderly peple trapped in pwerless high-rise buildings.
＂My mm tells me that I can’t cntrl what happens t me,＂ Natalie says, ＂but I can always chse hw I deal with it.＂
Natalie’s chice was t help.
She created a website page, matching survivrs in need with dnrs wh wanted t help. Natalie psted infrmatin abut a by named Patrick, wh lst his baseball card cllectin when his huse burned dwn. Within days, Patrick’s cllectin was replaced.
In the cming mnths, her website page helped lts f kids: Christpher, wh received a new basketball; Charlie, wh gt a new keybard. Natalie als wrked with ther rganizatins t bring much-needed supplies t Rckaway. Her effrts made her a famus persn. Last April, she was invited t the White Huse and hnred as a Hurricane Sandy Champin f Change.
Tday, the scars(创痕) f destructin are still seen in Rckaway, but hpe is in the air. The streets are clear, and many hmes have been rebuilt. ＂I can’t imagine living anywhere but Rckaway,＂ Natalie declares. ＂My neighbrhd will be back, even strnger than befre.＂
59. When Natalie returned t Rckaway after the hurricane, she fund _________.
A. sme friends had lst their lives
B. her neighbrhd was destryed
C. her schl had mved t Brklyn
D. the elderly were free frm suffering
60. Accrding t Paragraph 4, wh inspired Natalie mst?
A. The peple helping Rckaway rebuild.
B. The peple trapped in high-rise buildings.
C. The vlunteers dnating mney t survivrs.
D. Lcal teenagers bringing clthing t elderly peple.
61. Hw did Natalie help the survivrs?
A. She gave her tys t ther kids.
B. She tk care f yunger children.
C. She called n the White Huse t help.
D. She built an infrmatin sharing platfrm.
62. What des the stry intend t tell us?
A. Little peple can make a big difference.
B. A friend in need is a friend indeed.
C. East r west, hme is best.
D. Technlgy is pwer.
C
Califrnia Cndr’s Shcking Recvery
Califrnia cndrs are Nrth America’s largest birds, with wing-length f up t 3 meters. In the 1980s, electrical lines and lead pisning(铅中毒) nearly drve them t dying ut. Nw, electric shck training and medical treatment are helping t rescue these big birds.
In the late 1980s, the last few cndrs were taken frm the wild t be bred(繁殖). Since 1992, there have been multiple reintrductins t the wild, and there are nw mre than 150 flying ver Califrnia and nearby Arizna, Utah and Baja in Mexic.
Electrical lines have been killing them ff. ＂As they g in t rest fr the night, they just dn’t see the pwer lines,＂ says Bruce Rideut f San Dieg Z. Their wings can bridge the gap between lines, resulting in electrcutin(电死) if they tuch tw lines at nce.
S scientists have cme up with a shcking idea. Tall ples, placed in large training areas, teach the birds t stay clear f electrical lines by giving them a painful but undeadly electric shck. Befre the training was intrduced, 66% f set-freed birds died f electrcutin. This has nw drpped t 18%.
Lead pisnus has prved mre difficult t deal with. When cndrs eat dead bdies f ther animals cntaining lead, they absrb large quantities f lead. This affects their nervus systems and ability t prduce baby birds, and can lead t kidney(肾) failures and death. S cndrs with high levels f lead are sent t Ls Angeles Z, where they are treated with calcium EDTA, a chemical that remves lead frm the bld ver several days. This wrk is starting t pay ff. The annual death rate fr adult cndrs has drpped frm 38% in 2000 t 5.4% in 2011.
Rideut’s team thinks that the Califrnia cndrs’ average survival time in the wild is nw just under eight years. ＂Althugh these measures are nt effective frever, they are vital fr nw,＂ he says. ＂They are truly gd birds that are wrth every effrt we put int recvering them. ＂
63. Califrnia cndrs attract researchers’ interest because they _________.
A. are active at night
B. had t be bred in the wild
C. are fund nly in Califrnia
D. almst died ut in the 1980s
64. Researchers have fund electrical lines are _________.
A. blcking cndrs’ jurney hme
B. big killers f Califrnia cndrs
C. rest places fr cndrs at night
D. used t keep cndrs away
65. Accrding t Paragraph 5, lead pisning _________.
A. makes cndrs t nervus t fly
B. has little effect n cndrs’ kidneys
C. can hardly be gtten rid f frm cndrs’ bld
D. makes it difficult fr cndrs t prduce baby birds
66. This passage shws that _________.
A. the average survival time f cndrs is satisfactry
B. Rideut’s research interest lies in electric engineering
C. the effrts t prtect cndrs have brught gd results
D. researchers have fund the final answers t the prblem
D
Why Cllege Is Nt Hme
The cllege years are suppsed t be a time fr imprtant grwth in autnmy(自主性) and the develpment f adult identity. Hwever, nw they are becming an extended perid f adlescence, during which many f tday’s students are nt shuldered with adult respnsibilities.
Fr previus generatins, cllege was a decisive break frm parental cntrl; guidance and supprt needed t cme frm peple f the same age and frm within. In the past tw decades, hwever, cntinued cnnectin with and dependence n family, thanks t cell phnes, email and scial media, have increased significantly. Sme parents g s far as t help with cursewrk. Instead f prmting the idea f cllege as a passage frm the shelter f the family t autnmy and adult respnsibility, universities have given in t the idea that they shuld prvide the same envirnment as that f the hme.
T prepare fr increased autnmy and respnsibility, cllege needs t be a time f explratin and experimentatin. This prcess invlves ＂trying n ＂ new ways f thinking abut neself bther intellectually(在思维方面) and persnally. While we shuld prvide ＂safe spaces＂ within clleges, we must als make it safe t express pinins and challenge majrity views. Intellectual grwth and flexibility are fstered by strict debate and questining.
Learning t deal with the scial wrld is equally imprtant. Because a cllege cmmunity(群体) differs frm the family, many students will struggle t find a sense f belnging. If students rely n administratrs t regulate their scial behavir and thinking pattern, they are nt facing the challenge f finding an identity within a larger and cmplex cmmunity.
Mrever, the tendency fr universities t mnitr and shape student behavir runs up against anther characteristic f yung adults: the respnse t being cntrlled by their elders. If acceptable scial behavir is t strictly defined(规定) and cntrlled, the insensitive r aggressive behavir that administratrs are seeking t minimize may actually be encuraged.
It is nt surprising that yung peple are likely t burst ut, particularly when there are reasns t d s. Our generatin nce jined hands and std firm at times f natinal emergency. What is lacking tday is the cnflict between adlescent’s desire fr autnmy and their understanding f an unsafe wrld. Therefre, there is the desire fr their drms t be replacement hmes and nt places t experience intellectual grwth.
Every cllege discussin abut cmmunity values, scial climate and behavir shuld include recgnitin f the develpmental imprtance f student autnmy and self-regulatin, f the necessary tensin between safety and self-discvery.
67. What’s the authr’s attitude tward cntinued parental guidance t cllege students?
A. Sympathetic. B. Disapprving.
C. Supprtive. D. Neutral.
68. The underlined wrd ＂passage＂ in Paragraph 2 means _________.
A. change B. chice
C. text D. extensin
69. Accrding t the authr, what rle shuld cllege play?
A. T develp a shared identity amng students.
B. T define and regulate students’ scial behavir.
C. T prvide a safe wrld withut tensin fr students.
D. T fster students’ intellectual and persnal develpment.
70. Which f the fllwing shws the develpment f ideas in the passage?
I: Intrductin P:Pint Sp:Sub-pint(次要点) C:Cnclusin
第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，共 10 分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The Science f Risk-Seeking
Smetimes we decide that a little unnecessary danger is wrth it because when we weigh the risk and the reward, the risk seems wrth tasking. 71 Sme f us enjy activities that wuld surprise and scare the rest f us. Why? Experts say it may have t d with hw ur brains wrk.
The reasn why any f us take any risks at all might have t d with early humans. Risk-takers were better at hunting, fighting, r explring. 72 As the quality f risk-taking was passed frm ne generatin t the next, humans ended up with a sense f adventure and a tlerance fr risk.
S why aren’t we all jumping ut f airplanes then? Well, even 200,000 years ag, t much risk-taking culd get ne Killed. A few daring survived, thugh, alng with a few stay-in-the-cave types. As a result, humans develped a range f character types that still exists tday. S maybe yu lve car racing, r maybe yu hate it. 73
N matter where yu are n the risk-seeking range, scientists say that yur willingness t take risks increases during yur teenage years. 74 T help yu d that, yur brain increases yur hunger fr new experiences. New experiences ften mean taking sme risks, s yur brain raises yur tlerance fr risk as well.
75 Fr the risk-seekers, a part f the brain related t pleasure becmes active, while fr the rest f us, a part f the brain related t fear becmes active.
As experts cntinue t study the science f risk-seeking, we’ll cntinue t hit the muntains, the waves r the shallw end f the pl.
A. It all depends n yur character.
B. Thse are the risks yu shuld jump t take.
C. Being better at thse things meant a greater chance f survival.
D. Thus, these well-equipped peple survived because they were the fittest.
E. This is when yu start t mve away frm yur family and int the bigger wrld.
F. Hwever, we are nt all using the same reference standard t weigh risks and rewards.
G. New brain research suggests ur brains wrk differently when we face a nervus situatin.
第四部分：书面表达（共两节，35 分）
第一节（15分）
假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国朋友Jim 在给你的邮件中提到他对中国历史很感兴趣，并请你介绍一位你喜欢的中国历史人物。请你给Jim回信，内容包括：
1. 该人物是谁；
2. 该人物的主要贡献；
3. 该人物对你的影响。
注意：
1. 词数不少于50；
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________[来源:学。科。网Z。X。X。K]
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
第二节 （20 分）
假设你是红星中学高三一班的学生李华。你班同学参加了学校的＂地球日＂系列活动。请按照以下四幅图的先后顺序，以＂Actins fr a Greener Earth＂为题，给校刊＂英语角＂写一篇英文稿件，介绍活动的全过程。
注意：词数不少于60。
提示词：地球日Earth Day