高中英语高考2020高考英语一轮复习Unit5Meetingyourancestors练习含解析新人教版选

Unit 5　Meeting your ancestors

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

(2018湖北八校第二次联考)

Everyone should be so lucky as to have a friend like Francia Raisa. On Thursday,singer and actress Selena Gomez, 25, used Instagram to explain why she was “laying low” this summer. She posted a photo of herself in a hospital bed with her friend Francia Raisa holding hands. She said she recently received a kidney transplant from her best friend because of complications (并发症) from lupus (狼疮), an auto-immune disease, which means it is the result of the immune system attacking normal tissue, including the kidneys, brain, heart and lungs.

People with lupus may first experience tiredness, joint pain or a little bit of rash (皮疹) on their bodies and can go for a long time before their doctors realize it is more serious. Many people see two or four doctors before the real problem is picked up. According to Dr. Kyriakos Kirou, roughly a third to one-half of people with lupus develop kidney disease, and up to one in five of them will eventually need a transplant, sometimes because they weren’t treated with effective drugs to prevent the immune system from attacking the kidneys. Though Gomez said that she was “very well now”,she warned about the dangers of not taking medical diagnoses seriously, like she initially did.

Her Instagram post also called attention to two major health topics:the need for living organ donators and the fact that Gomez represents three groups more likely to be diagnosed with lupus and lupus-related kidney disease. Nine out of 10 people diagnosed with lupus are women, and most develop the disease between the ages of 15 to 44. And lupus is two to three times more common among women of color, including Hispanic women, according to the Lupus Foundation.

Raisa is Latina, and Gomez’s father is of Mexican origin. While it’s not essential that the organ donator and receiver be of the same ethnicity, people who share a similar ethnic background sometimes are better matched, according to data from the United Network for Organ Sharing.

1.What can we learn about Francia Raisa?

A.She is lucky.       B.She is selfless.

C.She is optimistic. D.She is encouraging.

2.What is lupus like at its early stage?

A.It is deadly.                  B.It is hard to recognize.

C.Its symptoms are psychological. D.It reminds you of a kidney disease.

3.What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 2 refer to?

A.People with lupus.                 B.Colored women lupus patients.

C.Lupus patients with kidney disease. D.Women between the ages of 15 to 44.

4.What does the last paragraph mainly tell us?

A.Raisa and Gomez have a similar background.

B.Gomez has fully recovered thanks to the kidney from Raisa.

C.It is vital for the donator and receiver to be of the same race.

D.The organ from the donator of the same race matches the receiver better.

语篇解读:本文通过赛琳娜·戈麦斯因患狼疮病而导致出现并发症,最后接受肾脏移植的事情,介绍了狼疮病的早期症状、可能引起的并发症以及最后导致器官移植的可能性等。

答案及剖析:

1.B　推理判断题。根据第一段中的Everyone should be so lucky as to have a friend like Francia Raisa.和She said she recently received a kidney transplant from her best friend...可知,戈麦斯进行肾脏移植时,所需的器官是她的好朋友弗朗西亚·赖莎捐献的,由此可见弗朗西亚·赖莎非常无私。

2.B　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句People with lupus may first experience tiredness,joint pain or a little bit of rash on their bodies and can go for a long time before their doctors realize it is more serious.可知,狼疮病早期的症状与一般疾病的症状类似,难以被诊断发现。

3.C　词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句According to Dr.Kyriakos Kirou,roughly a third to one-half of people with lupus develop kidney disease,and up to one in five of them will eventually need a transplant的结构可知,and表示顺承关系,因此them指代的是people with lupus develop kidney disease。

4.D　主旨大意题。根据最后一段中的people who share a similar ethnic background sometimes are better matched可知,相同种族的捐献者的器官和患者匹配得更好。

B

(2018全国Ⅰ,B)

Good Morning Britain’s Susanna Reid is used to grilling guests on the sofa every morning,but she is cooking up a storm in her latest role-showing families how to prepare delicious and nutritious meals on a tight budget.

In Save Money:Good Food,she visits a different home each week and with the help of chef Matt Tebbutt offers top tips on how to reduce food waste,while preparing recipes for under ￡5 per family a day.And the Good Morning Britain presenter says she’s been able to put a lot of what she’s learnt into practice in her own home,preparing meals for sons,Sam,14,Finn,13,and Jack,11.

“We love Mexican churros,so I buy them on my phone from my local Mexican takeaway restaurant,”she explains.“I pay ￡5 for a portion(一份),but Matt makes them for 26p a portion,because they are flour,water,sugar and oil.Everybody can buy takeaway food,but sometimes we’re not aware how cheaply we can make this food ourselves.”

The eight-part series(系列节目),Save Money:Good Food,follows in the footsteps of ITV’s Save Money:Good Health,which gave viewers advice on how to get value from the vast range of health products on the market.

With food our biggest weekly household expense,Susanna and Matt spend time with a different family each week.In tonight’s Easter special they come to the aid of a family in need of some delicious inspiration on a budget.The team transforms the family’s long weekend of celebration with less expensive but still tasty recipes.

5.What do we know about Susanna Reid?

A.She enjoys embarrassing her guests.        B.She has started a new programme.

C.She dislikes working early in the morning. D.She has had a tight budget for her family.

6.How does Matt Tebbutt help Susanna?

A.He buys cooking materials for her. B.He prepares food for her kids.

C.He assists her in cooking matters. D.He invites guest families for her.

7.What does the author intend to do in paragraph 4?

A.Summarize the previous paragraphs. B.Provide some advice for the readers.

C.Add some background information.    D.Introduce a new topic for discussion.

8.What can be a suitable title for the text?

A.Keeping Fit by Eating Smart     B.Balancing Our Daily Diet

C.Making Yourself a Perfect Chef D.Cooking Well for Less

语篇解读:本文是一篇新闻报道。《早安英国》的节目主持人苏珊娜·瑞德新推出了一档节目——Save Money:Good Food,向观众展示如何用较少的预算做出美味营养的饭菜。

答案及剖析:

5.B　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“...she is cooking up a storm in her latest role—showing families how to prepare delicious and nutritious meals on a tight budget.”可知,苏珊娜·瑞德在她的最新角色中起劲儿地炒菜做饭——向家庭展示如何用较少的预算做出美味营养的饭菜,由此可知,她推出了新的节目。

6.C　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“...with the help of chef Matt Tebbutt offers top tips on how to reduce food waste...”可知,苏珊娜在厨师马特的帮助下向人们提供关于如何减少食物浪费的建议,也就是说马特会在烹饪问题上协助苏珊娜。

7.C　推理判断题。第四段介绍了Save Money:Good Food这一节目是仿照了Save Money:Good Health的风格,为观众提供关于如何从市场上大量健康产品中获取价值的建议,因此本段是介绍这个节目的背景的。

8.D　标题归纳题。全文介绍了Save Money:Good Food这个节目旨在教人们如何用较少的预算做出美味营养的饭菜,因此D项作为标题最合适。

Ⅱ.语法填空(2018河南复习诊断联考)

Science, to many school-aged children, seems 1.　　　　(bore) and difficult. Most do not realize it is 2.　　　　(extreme) important and amazing. Bill Bryson’s book A Really Short History of Nearly Everything 3.　　　　(cover) many different aspects of science, such as what happened to dinosaurs, why the oceans are salty, how heavy the earth is, and a chain of life, genetics, planets, weather, atoms and etc. From his point of view, the Big Bang was the start of

4.　　　　 universe and it only took less than a second 5.　　　　 (happen). Filled with countless illustrations and photographs that accompany facts 6.　　　　 are short and to-the-point, the book gives a rather detailed but short history of the science of the world. 

For many science lovers, the book is perfect. Bryson writes in a 7.　　　　(humor) manner, but he is very informative.I love the book’s 8.　　　　(organize). The vocabulary fits perfectly with the subject matter, and unfamiliar terms 9.　　　　(explain) finely. The book has done me and every curious kid burdened by a dull textbook or a brain-dead science teacher a huge favor. It is a great resource 10.　　　　 a classroom, home school setting, or library to use. 

语篇解读:文章介绍了比尔·布莱森的《万物简史》。它用生动形象的语言和栩栩如生的图画介绍了科学的各个方面,极大地提高了孩子们学习科学的兴趣,对于在教室、家庭学校或图书馆使用来说都是很好的资源。

答案及剖析:

1.boring　句意为:对于很多学龄儿童来说,科学似乎是枯燥难懂的。设空处位于系动词seems后,应用形容词作表语,且和difficult并列,补充说明主语Science的特征,故填boring。

2.extremely　句意为:大多数人没有意识到它非常重要,而且十分精彩。设空处修饰形容词,应用副词,故填extremely。

3.covers　句意为:比尔·布莱森的《万物简史》包括了科学的很多方面,比如恐龙到底发生了什么、为什么海水是咸的、地球有多重、生命链、遗传学、行星、天气、原子等。设空处描述一般事实,应用一般现在时,且主语为单数第三人称,故填covers。

4.the　句意为:在他看来,大爆炸是宇宙的起源,它发生的时间不到一秒。universe意为“宇宙”,是独一无二的,应用定冠词修饰,故填the。

5.to happen　句意见上一题解析。“it takes+一段时间+to do sth.”为固定句型,意为“做某事花了多长时间”。故填to happen。

6.that/which　句意为:书中有无数的插图和照片,这些插图和照片附着简短而切题的事实,该书提供了关于世界科学的一个相当详细而简短的历史。分析句子结构可知,空格处引导定语从句,先行词为facts,指物,关系词在从句中作主语,故填that/which。

7.humorous　句意为:布莱森以一种幽默的风格写作,但他提供的信息量非常大。设空处修饰名词,应用形容词,故填humorous。

8.organization　句意为:我喜欢这本书的编排。设空处位于the book’s后,应用名词,故填organization。

9.are explained　句意为:用词与主题非常吻合,而且不熟悉的术语也解释得很好。此处描述一般事实,应用一般现在时,且主语unfamiliar terms与explain之间为被动关系,故填are explained。

10.for　句意为:它对于在教室、家庭学校或图书馆里使用来说都是很好的资源。“It is+adj./n.+for sb./sth.to do sth.”为固定句式,意为“……对于……如何/怎么样”,故填for。

Ⅲ.书面表达

假定你是李华,今年六月份将从北京新华中学高三毕业,打算到美国哥伦比亚大学上学。现在请你根据下面表格的个人信息,用英语写一封信,申请留学。

注意:

1.信件必须包括以上内容,不能逐句翻译,可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;

2.词数100左右;

3.开头与结尾已经给出,不计入总词数。

Dear Sir or Madam,

I’m writing in the hope that I can obtain a chance to further my study in Computer Science in your university.

Yours sincerely,

Li Hua

One possible version:

Dear Sir or Madam,

I’m writing in the hope that I can obtain a chance to further my study in Computer Science in your university.

First, please allow me to make a brief introduction of myself. I’m Li Hua, a girl born in June, 1999. I’m graduating from Beijing Xinhua High School this coming June with each course excellent. I have a keen interest in the computer and the Internet. Besides, I have a good command of English. I know that the University of Columbia ranks among the most famous universities in the USA,and that’s the very reason why I’m now applying for furthering my university study in your Computer Science department.

I would appreciate it if you could take the trouble to provide me with some information and send me the necessary application materials. By the way, my email address is lihua99@ sina. com.

I’m looking forward to your reply.

Yours sincerely,

Li Hua