高中英语高考2022届外研版（2019）高中英语一轮复习课堂练习5 ：必修1 Unit 5　Into the wild Word版含解析

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必修第一册　Unit 5　Into the wild

A组·基础巩固

Ⅰ. 语法填空

A

You may not want to admit it, but actually at one time in your life, you've talked to an animal. Maybe it was letting a dog know it was a good dog 1. ________ asking a cat where it had been. Maybe you gave words of 2. ________ (encourage) to an elephant or scolded a sheep. Whichever animal it was you talked to, one thing is for sure: it probably didn't talk back. What if it could? 3. ________ (science)are working on ways to not only understand what animals are saying，but also study whether they can talk back one day. Maybe their work will change 4. ________ way we think about animals in the future.

So far, no one 5. ________ (prove) that an animal or a species has a language, partly because there is no 6. ________ (universe) idea of what can be considered as a language. But 7. ________ (broad) speaking, language should be a distinct and organised form of communication, 8. ________ has been learned and used willingly.When your dog barks, you don't consider it as language. The reason is that dogs are born with the ability. But some studies suggest that some animals do communicate in a very complex manner 9. ________ (show) characteristics of language. So，maybe we are close 10. ________ talking with animals.

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。生活中存在人和动物对话的情况，其实动物也有自己的语言。科学家们不仅在研究动物们说什么，而且还在研究有朝一日它们是否会回应。

1. or　考查连词。此处指你和动物谈话的内容，两者是选择关系，故填or。

2. encouragement　考查词性转换。此处和of连用修饰名词words，用名词，指“鼓励的话”，故填encouragement。

3. Scientists　考查名词。此处作主语用名词；根据句意可知，表示“科学家”，与动词are一致用复数，故填Scientists。

4. the　考查冠词。此处特指我们对未来动物的看法，表特指用定冠词，故填the。

5. has proved/proven　考查动词的时态。根据句中的时间状语So far可知用现在完成时，与主语no one一致用单数，故填has proved/proven。

6. universal　考查形容词。修饰句中的名词idea用形容词，指“普遍的想法”，故填universal。

7. broadly　考查副词。修饰speaking用副词，指“一般地说，广义地说”，故填broadly。

8. which　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，句中包含非限制性定语从句，指代前面的form用关系代词which引导，故填which。

9. showing　考查非谓语动词。宾语从句中已有谓语动词do communicate，此处用非谓语动词。主语some animals和动词show是主动关系，用现在分词作定语。故填showing。

10. to　考查固定搭配。be close to表示“接近于”，为固定短语，故填to。

B

High on the Qinghai­Tibet Plateau 1. ________ (lie) China's “water tower” Sanjiangyuan. It is home to the headwaters of China's three rivers: the Yellow River, Yangtze River, and Lancang(Mekong) River. It is the three rivers 2. ________ provide water for about half the population of China. However, human activities are putting this ecosystem 3. ________ risk. Hopefully, though, we can repair this damage. In 2016, the Chinese government established Sanjiangyuan National Park in Qinghai Province. The park, 4. ________ (schedule) to open in 2020, has increased the area's green coverage and attracted more wildlife. The local government has also made great efforts to improve biological diversity. The success of Sanjiangyuan will mark the start of a 5. ________ (green) future. With Sanjiangyuan 6. ________ (take) the lead, nine other regions in China 7. ________ (choose) by a field conservation station to carry out projects over the past three years, 8. ________ will form a national park system together. The idea of a national park system is still new in China, but 9. ________ (it) realisation is urgent. After all, building an ecological civilisation bears great 10. ________ (important) in the development and progress of human civilisation.

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了在三江源生态保护区的带动下，中国正在进行全国范围内的生态保护系统的建设，这将对人类文明的发展和进步起到重要的作用。

1. lies　考查倒装和动词的时态。分析句子结构可知，本句为倒装句，主语为China's “water tower” Sanjiangyuan可视为第三人称单数形式，所填空为本句的谓语动词，时态应是一般现在时，故填lies。

2. that　考查强调句型。分析句子结构可知，将句中的it is 删掉之后，句子结构完整。由此推知本题考查强调句型：it is ＋强调部分＋that＋其他内容。故填that。

3. at　考查固定搭配。put sth. at risk意为“使某事物处于危险之中”，为固定搭配，故填at。

4. scheduled　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，句中谓语动词为has increased，因此所填空用非谓语。所填词与之前的名词之间为被动关系，应用过去分词形式，故填scheduled。

5. greener　考查形容词的比较级。根据语境可知，此处强调与现状相比，未来更加“绿化”，因此所填空应是形容词比较级，故填greener。

6. taking　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，所填空为with复合结构。所填动词与之前的名词之间为主动关系，应用v.­ing形式。故填taking。

7. have been chosen　考查动词的时态和语态。分析句子结构可知，设空处应填谓语。根据之后的时间状语“over the past three years”可知用现在完成时，且动词与主语之间为被动关系，应填have been done结构，故填have been chosen。

8. which　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，“8. ________ will form a national park system together”应是之前的名词短语“nine other regions”的非限制性定语从句，且关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which，故填which。

9. its　考查物主代词。空后为名词，因此应用形容词性物主代词。故填its。

10. importance　考查词性转换。空前为形容词great，因此应填名词形式。所给词important为形容词，意为“重要的”，其名词形式为importance，故填importance。

Ⅱ. 根据提示补全句子

1. 那次事故后，他和妻子从这个城市搬到了另一个城市。(move)

He and his wife moved from this city to another after that accident.

2. 我一直在打扫房间，还没有扫完。(现在完成进行时)

I have been cleaning the house but I still haven't finished.

3. 我通过听英语歌提高英语。(by)

I improve my English by listening to English songs．

4. 你是怎么设法做成这样的事的？(manage)

How did you manage to do such a thing?

5. 直到我认出他来他才摘下墨镜。(not... until...)

He didn't take off his dark glasses until I recognised him.

B组·能力提升

Ⅰ. 阅读理解

Researchers have recorded penguins making sounds underwater for the first time — the first time such behaviour has been identified in seabirds. These animals, like other seabirds, are highly vocal on land. They are known to communicate when their heads are above the water in the ocean, possibly for the purposes of group formation.

However, until the latest study — published in the journal Zoological Science — it was not known whether penguins made sounds underwater, like some other air­breathing marine predators, such as whales and dolphins. For their research, a team of scientists led by Andréa from Nelson Mandela University in South Africa, wanted to investigate this issue. To do so, they fitted adult penguins from three species with video cameras featuring built­in microphones.

To the surprise of Andréa and her colleagues, the team recorded a total of 203 underwater vocalisations from the penguins in the underwater footage they captured over a month­long period in 2019. These are the first recordings of seabirds producing vocalisations underwater. “I couldn't believe it. I had to replay it many times，” Andréa said.

The vocalisations that the team recorded — which sound like rapid whoops — were very short in duration, lasting about 0.06 seconds on average. And all of these sounds were emitted (发出) during dives in which the animals were searching for food. Currently, it is not clear why the penguins are making these sounds; however, they only produce them while hunting. In fact, more than 50 percent of the vocalisations were immediately preceded by an acceleration movement or followed by an attempt to hunt.

According to the researchers this suggests that the sounds are related to hunting behaviour — especially because the penguins tend to be alone when they make them, indicating that communication was not the purpose. The researchers guess that the penguins may be using the vocalisations to stun (使昏迷) their prey. However, much more research is required to determine why the penguins make these sounds, the scientists note.

1. How does Andréa's team conduct the study about penguins?

A. By recording penguins' sounds on land.

B. By fixing electronic devices on the penguins.

C. By observing penguins' activities underwater.

D. By catching different kinds of adult penguins.

2. What can we infer from Andréa's words in Paragraph 3?

A. Penguins' sounds are too low to hear.

B. She doubts if penguins could make sounds.

C. Penguins seldom make sounds underwater.

D. It's not easy to obtain penguins' sounds underwater.

3. When do penguins probably produce sounds underwater?

A. When they take a deep breath.

B. When they dive to hunt for food.

C. When they teach their babies diving.

D. When they communicate with their partners.

4. What is the scientists' attitude towards the research results?

A. Cautious.  B. Negative.  C. Supportive.  D. Indifferent.

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了研究人员首次记录到企鹅在水下发出的声音，他们猜测企鹅可能是在用发声来击昏猎物。然而，科学家们指出需要更多的研究来确定企鹅发出这些声音的原因。

1. B　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“they fitted adult penguins from three species with video cameras featuring built­in microphones”可知，安德里亚的团队是通过在企鹅身上安装电子设备而进行研究的，故B项正确。

2. D　句意猜测题。根据第三段中的“These are the first recordings of seabirds producing vocalisations underwater. ‘I couldn't believe it. I had to replay it many times，’ Andréa said.”可知，记录到企鹅在水下发出的声音是很不容易的，故D项正确。

3. B　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“And all of these sounds were emitted (发出) during dives in which the animals were searching for food. Currently, it is not clear why the penguins are making these sounds; however, they only produce them while hunting.”可知，企鹅可能会在潜水觅食的时候发出声音，故B项正确。

4. A　观点态度题。根据最后一段中的“The researchers guess that the penguins may be using the vocalisations to stun (使昏迷) their prey. However, much more research is required to determine why the penguins make these sounds, the scientists note.”，特别是“much more research”可知，科学家对研究结果持谨慎态度，故A项正确。

Ⅱ. 完形填空

(2020·山东六地市联合测试)Bend, a small town in Oregon, is called “moon country”. Before the astronauts ever   1   it to the moon, they trained in Bend. When Jim Irwin came to Bend for   2  ， he made friends with Floyd Watson, a(n)   3   resident, who was the building inspector for the city. Five years later, Irwin was   4   for the Apollo 15 moon landing.

When the news that his old friend would go to the moon came to Watson's   5  ， he chose a piece of lava rock (火山岩) near Devil's Lake,   6   it in paper. Then he posted it to Irwin with a letter where he   7   him and made a request, “I am sending you a   8   piece of Central Oregon lava, which I hope you will be able to   9   to the moon for me.” Off went the letter, and Watson thought   10   of it. A few months later, on July 26, 1971, Irwin   11   to the moon with David Scott and Alfred Worden.

And a few weeks after their   12  ， Watson got an unexpected letter from Irwin. “I did carry your piece of lava to the moon and left it there，” Irwin wrote — and enclosed (附上) a   13   of it, with the small piece of Oregon lava   14   with an arrow and the words “Oregon lava on the moon！” For Watson the letter and the picture were   15  . And, of course, he never looked at the moon the same way again.

1. A. did B. made C. took D. grasped

2. A. adventure B. research C. amusement D. practice

3. A. local B. aggressive C. gifted D. academic

4. A. carried out B. picked out C. ruled out D. checked out

5. A. sense B. rescue C. knowledge D. assistance

6. A. enveloped B. measured C. designed D. transformed

7. A. thanked B. welcomed C. congratulated D. followed

8. A. huge B. valuable C. unique D. tiny

9. A. fly B. deliver C. orbit D. float

10. A. much B. highly C. little D. low

11. A. escaped B. rushed C. wandered D. journeyed

12. A. arrival B. return C. application D. campaign

13. A. postcard B. drawing C. photo D. note

14. A. equipped B. decorated C. covered D. marked

15. A. reliable B. precious C. permanent D. realistic

【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。宇航员Jim Irwin在美国俄勒冈州Bend小镇接受登月训练时，结交了一位当地好友Floyd Watson。当Watson听说Irwin被选为“阿波罗15号”登月宇航员时，他希望好友把一小块取自Bend小镇湖边的火山岩放到月球上。Irwin的确把这块火山岩送上了月球，并拍照留念。

1. B　make it为固定短语，意为“获得成功”，符合句意。

2. D　根据上文中的“Before the astronauts ever   1   it to the moon, they trained in Bend.”及下文中的“Irwin was   4   for the Apollo 15 moon landing” “Irwin   11   to the moon with David Scott and Alfred Worden”可知，Jim Irwin是一名宇航员，来到Bend接受登月训练。practice意为“练习，训练”，符合句意。

3. A　根据下文中的“who was the building inspector for the city”可以判断Floyd Watson是当地(local)居民。

4. B　五年后，Irwin被“阿波罗15号”登月计划选中。pick out意为“精心挑选”，符合句意。

5. C　根据下文Watson给好朋友写信及信的内容可知，此处表示Watson得知了这一消息。come to one's knowledge意为“被某人知道”。

6. A　envelop表示“包住，裹住”，符合语境。

7. C　得知好朋友被选上，Watson应是写信表示祝贺(congratulated)。

8. D　这块被送到月球上的火山岩很小，下文中的“with the small piece of Oregon lava”有提示。

9. B　deliver在此是“传送，递送”之意，符合句意。

10. C　根据下文中的“Watson got an unexpected letter from Irwin”可知，此处表示信寄出去了，从此Watson很少想到这件事，所以后来他收到回信才会感到出乎意料。think little of意为“不重视”。

11. D　根据语境可知，Irwin和其他两人前往月球。此处journey作动词，表示“旅行(尤指长途)”。

12. B　在他们返回(return)地球几个星期后，Watson意外收到了Irwin的来信。

13. C　根据下文中的“the letter and the picture”可知，Irwin随信还附了一张有火山岩的照片(photo)。

14. D　mark在此是动词，意为“做标记，做记号”，be marked with在此意为“用……标注”。

15. B　根据语境和下文中的“And, of course, he never looked at the moon the same way again.”可知，对Watson来说，那封信和那张照片是很珍贵的(precious)。

Ⅲ. 语法填空

Monkeys do not like it when others get more food 1. ________ they do, according to a new study.

Researchers from Yale and Harvard Universities found Capuchin monkeys punish monkeys 2. ________ get more food. “This sort of, ‘If I can't have it, no one can’ response is because 3. ________ psychological spite (怨恨), and it was 4. ________ (previous) thought unique to humans，” said Kristin Leimgruber of Harvard University. She is a co­author of the research study. The researchers watched as some Capuchin monkeys 5. ________ (give) more food than others. They found that monkeys getting the 6. ________ (small) share pulled a rope to fold up a table holding the other monkey's bigger share.

Another lead researcher, Laurie Santos, 7. ________ (explain) over email, “I think what we can conclude about humans is that some of our more embarrassing tendencies have relatively deep 8. ________ (root)．” Santos said the spiteful response was not present with another member of the ape species — chimpanzees (黑猩猩)．

An earlier study, she said, showed chimpanzees would fold up the table of other chimpanzees 9. ________ (steal) food from them. But they would not punish chimpanzees who just happened 10. ________ (have) more food, Santos said. In other words, it was fine if another chimpanzee had more food as long as they did not steal it.

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了猴子和猩猩与人类之间的相似之处。它们会和人类一样有嫉妒心。

1. than　考查连词。根据比较级more可知填than。

2. that/which/who　考查定语从句。本句为定语从句修饰先行词monkeys，且关系词在从句中作主语，既可以填关系代词who，也可以填关系代词that/which。故填关系代词that/which/who。

3. of　考查固定用法。because of为固定短语，意为“因为”，故填of。

4. previously　考查副词。副词修饰谓语动词作状语，故填previously。

5. were given　考查动词的时态和语态。根据主句的谓语动词watched 可知，宾语从句的谓语动词用过去时，再结合句意可知用被动语态，故填were given。

6. smaller　考查形容词的比较级。根据下文中的“bigger”可知，此处用比较级，故填smaller。

7. explained　考查动词的时态。事情已经发生，用一般过去时，故填explained。

8. roots　考查名词的单复数。root是可数名词，此处用复数形式作宾语，故填roots。

9. stealing　考查非谓语动词。此处现在分词作定语，与逻辑主语构成主动关系，故填stealing。

10. to have　考查固定用法。happen to do sth. 为固定表达，意为“碰巧做某事”，故填to have。