高中英语高考M3 Unit 2 Language(测)-2022年高考英语一轮复习讲练测(新高考•江苏)(原卷)

这是一份高中英语高考M3 Unit 2 Language(测)-2022年高考英语一轮复习讲练测(新高考•江苏)(原卷)，共11页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，语法填空，写作等内容，欢迎下载使用。
M3 Unit 2 Language(测)-2022年高考英语一轮复习讲练测(新高考•江苏)一、阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A(2020-2021学年人教新版综合能力测试)Almost from the time that the first Englishman set foot upon American soil, our language began to evolve(进化). It is a continuous process throughout the centuries and has produced a language that differs from our ancestors and shows a sign of our own feature(特点)and independence.By 1790, there were four million Americans, 90% of whom were descendants(后代)of English colonists(殖民地定居者). This, of course, left no question that our official native language would be “English,” but it would not be the same as that spoken in Great Britain.By 1720, the English colonists began to notice that their language was quite different from that spoken in their Mother land. How did that come to be?There are many reasons, the most obvious being the distance from England. Over the years, many words were borrowed from the Native Americans, as well as other people from France, Germany, Spain, and other countries. Other words that became unused in England continued to be used in the colonies. In other cases, words simply had to be created in order to explain the unfamiliar landscape, weather, animals, plants, and living conditions that these early pioneers went through.To our newly independent Americans, they were proud of their “new” American language, wearing it, as yet, another symbol of independence. In 1789, Noah Webster wrote in his Dissertations on the English Language:“The reasons for American English being different than British English are simple: As an independent nation, our honor required us to have a system of our own, in language as well as government.”The evolution of the American language continued into the 20th century, as well as the American pride.1.What is the text mainly about?A. How to learn American English.B. The frequent changes of English.C. The development of American English.D. The differences between American English and British English.2.Where do you think the writer comes from?A. France.    B. Germany.   C. Spain.    D. America.3.What can we infer from the passage?A. Early Americans felt proud of their new language.B. The new language helped Americans fight against enemies.C. Early Americans just felt curious about their new language.D. The new language has settled its identity and stopped developing.B(2020·江苏高三月考)Chinese pronunciation puzzled experts in China for a long, long time. How do you recover the sounds immortalized in classical texts? How do you make the old poems rhyme again?A scholar, Chen Li, reconstructed the language in the 1840s. He's facing a centuries-old problem. He examined the book closely in front of him. It looked old, untidy even. But it had quite a backstory. 1261 years earlier, Lu Fayan outlined what would become the Qieyun. He broke down the sound of each character with two more characters! An upper character to match the initial consonant. And a lower character to rhyme with the final sounds, including the tone. With fanqie, you can capture the sound of a syllable! Simple. And clever.But it didn't give an overview of Chinese phonology. Rhymers needed to take another step: organize this information into tables The 12h century Rhyme Mirror is full of rime tables. The starting label gives the table number and the kind of rhyme these syllables have. Along the top row are six articulation categories for consonants. And down the side, the four tones. Though the interpretation is debated, confident scholars spent centuries sounding out ancient Chinese syllables and teaching that Chinese had exactly 36 initial consonants.But Chen Li’s not convinced. He’s combing through old fanqie and his research revealed flaws. There weren’t 36 initials There were 41. Five of them needed to be split in two. But there’s more: the sounds in the rime tables are not the sounds in the Qieyun. Later research will go on to show that even the earlier stage itself is complicated. It’s a compromise between ancient literary dialects. All this hard work merely left us with categories.In the early 1900s, a Swede, Karlgren, traveled to China and added an important piece. He filled out the rime categories with real sounds. Linguists went on to refine these reconstructions of Ancient Chinese. They even revealed small but important distinctions, like chongniu. Actually, it's not a single language called Ancient Chinese. It's a period in linguistic history called Middle Chinese. Because there's an even older language to uncover, a thousand years older sill.Maybe one day we’ll rhyme our way into Old Chinese.4.How does the author begin the article?A. By raising questions.      B. By giving an assumption.C. By illustrating a typical case.    D. By describing a unique scene.5.What’s the shortcoming of Qieyun?A. It was unpractical to break each character.B. It gave the detailed information about sounds.C. It became complex with many different characters.D. It failed to give an overview of Chinese phonology.6.What contributions did Chen Li make to the Chinese phonology?A. He combed through old Qieyun.    B. He found the faults of old Qieyun.C. He left us with categories and real sounds.  D. He made a compromise to ancient dialects.7.What’s the main idea of this passage?A. The reconstruction of Qieyun.    B. The discovery of Rhyme Mirror.C. The researches on Chinese phonology.   D. The development of Chinese language.C(2021·陕西高三)The International Mother Language Day is on February 21st and it was created by the United Nations to help preserve indigenous(土著的)languages around the world.Due to globalization, indigenous languages are increasingly under threat of extinction. Every two weeks a language disappears, taking with it an entire culture’s heritage and thus diminishing the world’s cultural diversity. At least 43 percent of the estimated 6000 languages spoken in the world are endangered, only a few hundred are formally taught and used and fewer than 100 are used in the digital world, according to UNESCO.Like languages around the world, indigenous Australian languages are under increasing threat of extinction. The Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies understands that in Australia, there were more than 250 indigenous Australian languages, including 800 dialects, or local variations, at the time of European settlement in 1788. Today only about 13 indigenous Australian languages have enough young people speaking them for them to survive.Indigenous languages everywhere are much more than just a way of communicating. Yuin woman Anne Martin, educator and former national NAIDOC Committee Co-Chair, described indigenous languages as “the breath of life”. “Indigenous languages are not just a means of communication, they express knowledge about everything: Law, geography, history, family and human relationships, philosophy, religion, anatomy, childcare, health, caring for country, astronomy, biology and food. Each language is associated with an area of land and has a deep spiritual significance, and it is through their own languages that indigenous nations maintain their connection with their ancestors, land and law,” she said in an interview published by La Trobe University.International Mother Language Day has been observed every year since February 2000. In 2019, the theme is: “Indigenous languages matter for development, peace building and reconciliation(和解)”. One of UNESCO’s goals for that year’s International Mother Language Day is to collect proverbs in as many of the world’s indigenous languages as possible. The proverbs were compiled and the most appropriate ones published by the UN on its website and other publications. And the theme for International Mother Language Day 2020 is “Languages without borders”.8.What does the underlined word “diminishing” in paragraph 2 probably mean?A. Decrease.   B. Add.    C. Create.   D. Replace.9.What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about?A. The increasing number of indigenous languages.B. The development of indigenous languages.C. The endangered situation of indigenous languages.D. The popularity of indigenous languages.10.What does Anne Martin think of indigenous languages?A. They are just used for communication with each other.B. They are loosely connected with their ancestors, land and law.C. They are very important for indigenous nations all over the world.D. They are about not only communication but knowledge about all fields.11.What is the best title for the text?A. The Theme of International Mother Language Day.B. An Introduction of International Mother Language Day.C. The Protection of Indigenous Languages in the World.D. The Decrease of Indigenous Languages in the World.D(2021·全国高三)Invented by French teenager Louis Braille in 1824, Braille has enabled blind kids worldwide to learn to read and write. However, the system of raised dots, representing letters and numbers, can be hard for younger students to learn. As a result, parents and educators are increasingly avoiding this system, which is taught using special textbooks, in favor of online learning programs. Now, Denmark’s LEGO Foundation hopes to change the trend with the help of braille bricks(盲文积木). The braille bricks are similar to original building blocks. However, the bricks with numbers and letters printed on the bottom allowed blind and sighted players to build together. Though the bricks can be stacked together to form a crossword game or attached to one another to form words, they are unlike the regular ones. Therefore, the company recommends placing the bricks side-by-side. Each set of about 250 pieces includes letters A-Z, the numbers 0-9, as well as basic symbols like the “plus” and “minus” signs. Special pieces are also included so kids can play word and math games.Blind kids have dreams about their future just as sighted children. They have the same desire to explore the world and socialize through play. In the Foundation, children can learn best through play and, in turn, develop their skills, such as creativity and communication. With this project, the foundation is bringing a playful and inclusive approach to learning braille to children.Kids are not the only ones benefiting from LEGO’s invention this year. It can benefit adults as well. For those not into gaming, there is “Lego Art”. The art enables adults to create pop art “posters” by arranging these bricks on a canvas(画布). The offering includes Andy W arhol’s Marilyn Monroe，Marvel Studio’s Iron Man, and The Beatles. Each set comes with the appropriate music, interviews, and background information, providing fans with an unforgettable experience as they create their masterpieces.12.Why do educators avoid teaching in braille?A. Braille becomes out of date in reality.   B. Braille is difficult for blind kids to master.C. They are not good at it at all.    D. The special textbooks are expensive.13.What does the underlined word “stacked” in Paragraph 2 mean?A. Piled.    B. Crashed.   C. Pushed.   D. Crossed.14.What are blind kids expected to do in the LEGO Foundation?A. Pursue their hobbies. B. Form their habits. C. Develop their skills. D. Play for fun.15.How can adults benefit from the braille bricks?A. They can play games together with their kids.B. They can get more information from those bricks.C. They can create some artworks based on the offering.D. They can impress themselves with a wonderful scene.二、七选五根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。(2021·浙江高一开学考试)Chinese is one of the two world languages with over a billion speakers. While the Internet has referred to English as the most used language, Chinese still holds the top position as the most used mother tongue.     1     Just think of how many more people you’d be able to talk to after learning some Chinese!There are five traditional forms of Chinese calligraphy. These are considered classical arts and representatives of Chinese art styles.     2     It first appeared during the Zhou Dynasty and is still popular among calligraphy artists today,     3     This makes it quite difficult for non-native speakers to tell words from sound combinations(组合).When you add in the tones, it adds up to make Chinese one of the most difficult languages to listen to and understand.Various factors contributed to making Chinese one of the hardest languages to learn for foreigners.     4     Usually, you must learn 3,000 characters in order to be considered fluent enough to read the morning newspaper. However, the language consists of tens of thousands of characters that make fluency a difficult task.When you’re walking around China, you might be surprised at the amount of words you’re able to pick up quickly. Thanks to an increase in exposure to Western culture, Chinese has many loanwords, or words borrowed from English, in use today.The origin of Chinese comes from the discovery of the famous Oracle Bones and what is believed to be the earliest symbols of Chinese. These bones were first used in the Shang Dynasty. With such a rich history, Chinese has obviously experienced many changes and influences due to wars and cultural shifts (变迁).     5     A. Ancient Chinese characters were used 3,000 years ago.B. However, the language still existed and continued to grow.C. In 2010, the number of Chinese native speakers totaled 955 million people.D. People who wish to study Chinese must put in years of work to reach fluency.E. Thanks to its unique sound system, Chinese is filled with similar sounding words.F. The world’s most natively-spoken language, Chinese, still remains a puzzle to the West.G. The most popular calligraphy style is the Seal Character style developed by the Han people.三、完形填空阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。(改编自2021·广东深圳中学高三)Fifteen years ago, apps were new and few truly understood their potentials. Retailers(零售商)barely knew that consumers could browse in stores while comparing    1    from other providers through apps before    2    making the purchase online. Ten years ago brick-mortar-and(实体店)retailers were threatened as Amazon released an “evil” promotion that encouraged consumers to use Price Check app while visiting    3    stores. Any purchase completed through the app was given rewarding    4   , which significantly stimulated sales and    5    many shop owners to bankruptcy(破产).“Media have reported these apps as a threat to physical stores,” says a retailer. “However, less    6    is the fact that it is also an opportunity for us.” Retailers need to accept any sensible buyer tends to    7    prices. You’d better offer in-store Internet access to    8    these consumers. With caring services combined with acceptable prices, the store might persuade consumers to make the deal    9   .A study indicates it’s    10    to limit the item price to at most 5 dollars higher than what online stores charge. After all, for some consumers, getting the absolute lowest price is not their    11   . Many of them, instead, are willing to pay    12    in exchange for favorable shopping experiences, such as the pleasant store atmosphere with a reasonable price    13   .Besides, adopting a strategy of    14    channels is also essential. With many sale channels under control, retailers surely have access to the lowest price. Therefore, when a customer pulls out a mobile device in store, retailers can be spared the    15    that was unavoidable for them ten years ago.1. A. prices B. locations C. experiences D. similarities2. A. genuinely B. generously C. particularly D. finally3. A. domestic B. physical C. imaginary D. representative4. A. alternatives B. deposits C. refunds D. discounts5. A. cornered B. introduced C. contributed D. sentenced6. A. criticized B. mentioned C. predicted D. recommended7. A. pursue B. distinguish C. question D. compare8. A. assist B. ban C. monitor D. expose9. A. out of place B. on the spot C. within reach D. at random10. A. wise B. convenient C. risky D. challenging11. A. reputation B. greed C. priority D. devotion12. A. tax B. cash C. much  D. extra13. A. disorder B. gap C. loss D. reduction14. A. accessible B. multiple C. loyal D. concrete15. A. suspicion B. effort C. panic D. guilt四、语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(改编自2020·湖南株洲二中高一月考)Usually, when we talk about reading, we think of using our eyes to see letters written in ink on paper.    1   , this is not always true. For example, blind people cannot see, but they can still read books.The man    2   (introduce)blind people to reading was Louis Braille. Braille    3   (lose)his eyesight at the age of three as a result    4    an injury. When he was ten, he went to a school for the blind in Paris.In 1821, a soldier visited the school and showed the students a system for passing messages at night during times of battle. His system used paper with small,    5   (raise)dots which could be felt with the fingers. Each letter of the alphabet    6   (representation)by a different pattern which consisted of twelve dots.While the students found the soldier’s idea    7   (interest), the system was too difficult to be of    8   (practice)use. However, young Louis Braille took the idea and worked on it. At the age of fifteen, he created a system—‘Braille’.The blind can    9   (easy)recognize Braille with the fingers. Today,    10    is the most common system for them to read and write.五、写作写作(一)(2021·全国高二课时练习)假如你是李华，你的英国朋友Jim对汉字感兴趣。请你给他写封信介绍一下汉字。内容包括：1.汉字的特点；2.汉字的起源；3.汉字的演变。注意：1.词数80左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.信的开头结尾已给出。Dear Jim,I’m glad that you are interested in Chinese characters.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,Li Hua写作(二)(2020·河北高三期中)阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Willie Wilson would always live lite to the fullest. He was Mr. Popular at school, the star of his middle school basketball team, with dreams of going national team. At 13, his life changed. He couldn’t see the words on the blackboard clearly in class. He couldn’t read books without difficulty. Soon he hardly recognized his schoolmates in the halls.His parents took him to the eye doctor. Willie could still slam-dunk like no one else, so they thought there was nothing serious to worry about. Maybe he just needed glasses. But it kept getting worse. By 15, he was almost completely blind.Willie didn’t handle the situation very well. He came home drunk and picked fights at school with anyone who dared to make fun of his blindness. “I was trying to show everyone that there was nothing wrong with me, ” he says. “To prove that I was still the same ‘Thrill Willie Wilson’.”That denial was blown away one Sunday when Willie heard news on TV. At 18, he gave his life to the Lord and read books in Braille, finding comfort in God’s special love for those who are weak. He went to college and was a changed man.His progress was stopped, though. He started to lose his hearing in the same way he had lost his eyesight. By 21, he was blind and deaf. He dropped out of school, stopped education and moved back home with his parents. This time, the doctors were able to tell the cause of his symptoms-a brain tumor.Willie’s world became doctors’ appointments, hospitals and surgeries. His spare time was spent recalling in his childhood bedroom. His friends disappeared. He challenged himself to learn American Sign Language so he could communicate with others by feeling their hands. His parents and relatives found signing difficult, though. Instead, they drew letters into his hand. Willie grew frustrated by the lack of meaningful conversation.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。His grandfather Willie Wilson, Sr., encouraged him not to lose hope.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________However, an organization specially designed for the disabilities helped him regain his confidence and live a positive life.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________