高中英语高考M3 Unit 3 Back to the past(测)-2022年高考英语一轮复习讲练测(新高考•江苏)(解析)

这是一份高中英语高考M3 Unit 3 Back to the past(测)-2022年高考英语一轮复习讲练测(新高考•江苏)(解析)，共17页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，语法填空，写作等内容，欢迎下载使用。
M3 Unit 3 Back to the past(测)-2022年高考英语一轮复习讲练测(新高考•江苏)
一、阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
(2021·全国高三)If you’d like to go sightseeing, the following World Heritage Sites may be your best choices.
Jiuzhaigou Valley Scenic and Historic Interest Area

Jiuzhaigou Valley, which lies in the northern part of Sichuan Province, China, reaches a height of more than 4,800 m, with a series of different forest ecosystems (生态系统). It’s particularly famous for its excellent waterfalls. About 140 kinds of birds live in the valley, as well as a number of endangered plants and animals, including the giant panda. Jiuzhaigou Valley was recognised as a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 1992.

Khami Ruins National Monument
The city of Khami, which developed after the capital of Great Zimbabwe had been given up in the mid-16th century, is of great archaeological (考古的) interest. The discovery of objects from Europe and China shows that Khami was a major centre for trade over a long period of time. It joined the World Heritage List in 1986.

Henderson Island
Henderson Island, which lies in the eastern South Pacific, is one of the few atolls (环礁) in the world whose ecology has been untouched by humans. It’s particularly famous for the 10 plants and 4 birds that can only be seen on the island. It was recorded in the World Heritage List in 1988.
The Taj Mahal

The Taj Mahal is considered to be one of the most beautiful buildings in the world and the finest example of the late style of Indian architecture. It was built by the emperor Shah Jehan, who ruled India in the 17th century. It was in memory of his favourite wife who died in 1631. The architecture was given a World Heritage Status in 1983.【语篇导读】本文为应用文。文章介绍了四处世界遗产遗址供游客选择。
1.Which of the following can be found in Jiuzhaigou Valley?
A. Wonderful waterfalls. B. Ancient objects. C. Beautiful buildings. D. Untouched ecology.
【答案】A
【解析】细节理解题。由第二段中“It’s particularly famous for its excellent waterfalls.(它的瀑布特别有名)”可知，在九寨沟能够观赏到瀑布。故选A项。
2.What can we learn about the Taj Mahal?
A. It doesn’t exist now. B. It was built by an emperor’s wife.
C. It has become a place of interest. D. It looks more beautiful than other buildings.
【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。由最后一段中“The architecture was given a World Heritage Status in 1983.(该建筑于1983年被授予世界遗产称号)”可知，泰姬陵已经成为一处旅游胜地。故选C项。
3.In which part of a newspaper can we read the text?
A. Industry. B. Travel. C. Science. D. Business.
【答案】B
【解析】推理判断题。文章介绍了四个世界遗产遗址：Jiuzhaigou Valley Scenic and Historic Interest Area(九寨沟风景名胜区)，Khami Ruins National Monument(卡米遗址国家纪念碑)，Henderson Island(亨德森岛)和The Taj Mahal(泰姬陵)。由此可知，文章最有可能出现在报纸的旅游专栏中。故选B项。
B
(2021·全国高三单元测试)Rome wasn’t built in a day. And neither was the Roman subway system. Underground work is slow going, because construction workers often meet with frescoes(壁画)and other valuable stone foundations thousands of years ago. And a few years ago, they found the wooden foundations of a luxurious porch from a Roman building.
So local archaeologists called in Mauro Bernabei of the National Research Council of Italy. He’s a dendrochronologist: someone who analyzes tree rings, which give age and environmental information.
“We have to study wood because it’s full, really full, of information!” Bernabei and his team found that the wooden planks were oak(橡木). But the wood's origin was harder to determine. So they compared the tree rings in the oak floor to those available in libraries of tree rings that contain timber from all over Europe. And they found a match for the Roman wood—from the Jura region of eastern France, more than 600 miles away.
The researchers also determined that it was used in about 40 to 60 B. C. And some came from trees already up to 300 years old when they were cut down. The details are in the journal PLOS ONE.
The discovery is the first clear evidence of oak from north of the Alps being used to build ancient Rome. And it’s a reminder that the Romans had a complex trading network. These trees, for example, likely floated down two rivers, across the Mediterranean and up another river to Rome.
Bernabei says Roman archaeologists usually destroy ancient wood—it’s not as valuable as jewelry and vases and frescos. But he's hoping this study might change their minds. “Save the wood, yes! And call me, if you don’t want to save—please, call me!” He says.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇新闻报道，介绍了科学家们在深埋地下的古罗马建筑的木制地基上发现了古罗马的贸易信息。
4.Why does the subway in Rome go slowly?
A. It is hard to dig up the earth in Rome. B. There are many ancient ruins buried here.
C. It is very dangerous to work too fast in Rome D. The Roman are not experienced in building subways
【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Underground work is slow going, because construction workers often meet with frescoes(壁画) and other valuable stone foundations thousands of years ago.”(地下工程进展缓慢，因为建筑工人经常会遇到几千年前的壁画和其他有价值的石头地基)可知，罗马地铁建设进展缓慢是因为地下埋藏着许多古代遗迹，故选B。
5.What can people learn from the wood foundations?
A. The wealth in ancient Rome B. The trading information of ancient Rome
C. The culture of ancient Rome D. The social relations of ancient Rome
【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。根据第五段“And it's a reminder that the Romans had a complex trading network.”(这也提醒我们罗马人有一个复杂的贸易网络)可知，从木地基中我们能够了解到古罗马的贸易信息，故选B。
6.What does the underlined word in paragraph 4 refer to?
A. The stone B. The subway C. The French wood D. The Roman foundation
【答案】C
【解析】词义猜测题。根据第三段“And they found a match for the Roman wood—from the Jura region of eastern France, more than 600 miles away.”可知，他们在600多英里外的法国东部朱拉地区发现了一种罗马木材的匹配物，此处承接上文，说的是研究人员还确定，在法国发现的这种木材在大约公元前40年至60年间曾被使用过，由此可知，it指代的就是上文提到的法国木材，故选C。
7.What is the main idea of this passage?
A. Scientists found some information about ancient Rome
B. Wood was not as valuable as stones in ancient Rome
C. Only the rich people in ancient Rome could use wood
D. Ancient Rome could have a rich trading network.
【答案】A
【解析】主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据第一段“And a few years ago, they found the wooden foundations of a luxurious porch from a Roman building.”(几年前，他们在一座深埋地下的古罗马建筑的豪华门廊上发现了木制地基)及第五段“And it's a reminder that the Romans had a complex trading network.”(这也提醒我们罗马人有一个复杂的贸易网络)可知，本文主要介绍的是科学家们在深埋地下的古罗马建筑的木制地基上发现了古罗马的贸易信息，故选A。
C
(2021·安徽高三模拟)Dr. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan was a famous teacher and author. He took birth in the poor Brahmin family in Tirutani, India on 5th of September in 1888. The name of his father was Sarvepalli Veeraswami who was doing job in the Zamindari at a very small salary. The name of his mother was Sitamma. Because of the poor economic status(状况)he did his education on scholarships. He successfully completed his schooling from Tirutani and Lutheran Mission Middle School, Tirupati.
He completed his B. A. and M.A. degree in philosophy.He got married at his 16 to Sivakamuamma. He became an Assistant Lectureship(讲师)in 1909 at Madras Presidency College.He was well aware of Madhava, Ramanuja and the Buddhist and Jain philosophy.
In his later life, he read philosophical commentaries(评注)of many famous philosophers. He became the Professor of philosophy at University of Mysore in 1918. He also became a famous author and wrote many articles for famous magazines such as The Philosophy of Rabindranath Tagore, The Quest, The Reign of Religion in Contemporary Philosophy and so on.
His famous writings had drawn the attention of Ashutosh Mookerjee(Vice Chancellor at Calcutta University)and got nominated(提名)for the George V Professor of Philosophy at Calcutta University in 1921.He wrote another book named Indian Philosophy on the request made by Prof.J.H.Muirhead for the Library of Philosophy which was published in 1923.His birthday anniversary is getting celebrated every year on 5th of September to honour his great workings forever.He died in the 1975 on 17th of April.
【语篇导读】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了印度著名哲学大师Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan 的哲学成长之路。
8.How did Radhakrishnan complete his schooling?
A. By winning scholarships. B. With the help of others.
C. With the support of his parents. D. By doing some part-time jobs.
【答案】A
【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Because of the poor economic status(状况)he did his education on scholarships.( 由于经济状况不佳，他靠奖学金完成学业。)”可知，Radhakrishnan通过获得奖学金完成学业的。故选A。
9.What can we know from paragraph 3?
A. Ramanujan had a great gift for music.
B. Radhakrishnan became a professor in his thirties.
C. It was difficult to read through some famous thinkers' works.
D. Radhakrishnan only wrote articles for papers and magazines.
【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段“He became the Professor of philosophy at University of Mysore in 1918.( 1918年，他成为迈索尔大学的哲学教授。)”和第一段第二句“He took birth in the poor Brahmin family in Tirutani, India on 5th of September in 1888.( 他于1888年9月5日出生在印度 Tirutani的一个贫穷的Brahmin家庭。)”可知，Radhakrishnan在30多岁时成为了一名大学哲学教授。故选B。
10.When was Radhakrishnan nominated for the George V Professor?
A. After Radhakrishnan knew Mookerjee. B. After Ramanujan introduced himself to Mookerjee.
C. After his articles caught Mookerjee's attention. D. After he finished his book called Indian Philosophy.
【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“His famous writings had drawn the attention of Ashutosh Mookerjee(Vice Chancellor at Calcutta University)and got nominated(提名)for the George V Professor of Philosophy at Calcutta University in 1921.( 他的著名著作引起了印度加尔各答大学副校长穆克吉的注意，并在1921年被提名为印度加尔各答大学的乔治五世哲学教授。)”可知，在Radhakrishnan的文章引起Mookerjee的注意之后，Radhakrishnan被提名为印度加尔各答大学的乔治五世哲学教授。故选C。
11.What can we know about Indian Philosophy written by Radhakrishnan?
A. It is the first book written by him. B. It is a book he was requested to write.
C. It is a book coming out in his forties. D. It is a book written to celebrate his birthday.
【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“He wrote another book named Indian Philosophy on the request made by Prof.J.H.Muirhead for the Library of Philosophy which was published in 1923.( 应J.H.Muirhead教授对哲学图书馆的要求， Radhakrishnan又写了一本书《印度哲学》，该书于1923年出版。)”可知，Radhakrishnan是在J.H.Muirhead教授要求下完成《印度哲学》的。故选B。
D
(2021·广西玉林市高三模拟)The city of Quanzhou in East China's Fujian province, one of the most
important Chinese ports along the historic maritime(海运的)Silk Road, reported new findings about
archaeological(考古的)efforts from 2019 to 2020, experts said at a meeting held in Quanzhou from Friday to Saturday.
“The latest research results on iron-making remains in Quanzhou’s Anxi county showed that it used to make lots of iron and steel, important goods of trade along the historic maritime Silk Road, mainly during the Song Dynasty and Yuan Dynasty,” says Shen Ruiwen, a famous archaeologist.
Two other sites were discovered and identified as remains of regulatory bodies(监管机构)that existed within the two dynasties. One of them managed affairs related to the emperors’ relatives, and the other served similar functions as today's customs. Shen said, “The two ancient organizations showed that Quanzhou once provided effective support for ocean trade.”
Another finding exposed was the development of china-making technology from the Song Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty in Dehua county, as is evidenced in the thousands of relics(遗迹)that were dug out.
“Quanzhou is a city of in historical significance because it preserved the continuous track of urban planning and construction from the late Tang Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty,” says Shen. Experts say the city will continue with research on some of the sites included in the project and carry out long-term plans.
【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了福建省泉州市2019~2020年的四个考古新发现。
12.What’s the purpose of writing the first paragraph?
A. To present an argument. B. To lead in the topic of the text.
C. To add some supporting details. D. To provide background information.
【答案】B
【解析】推理判断题。由文章第一段“The city of Quanzhou in East China's Fujian province, one of the most important Chinese ports along the historic maritime(海运的)Silk Road, reported new findings about archaeological(考古的)efforts from 2019 to 2020, experts said at a meeting held in Quanzhou from Friday to Saturday.(专家在周五至周六于泉州举行的一次会议上表示，中国东部福建省泉州市是中国沿着具有历史意义的海上丝绸之路最重要的港口之一，该市报告了2019年至2020年期间考古工作的新发现)”开门见山地告诉我们泉州市考古有新发现，结合接下来的下文主要详细阐述考古工作的新发现，可知其目的是引出文章话题。故选B项。
13.What did people in Quanzhou mainly make during Song and Yuan dynasties?
A. Silk. B. Farm products. C. Green tea. D. Iron and steel.
【答案】D
【解析】细节理解题。由文章第二段“The latest research results on iron-making remains in Quanzhou's Anxi county showed that it used to make lots of iron and steel, important goods of trade along the historic maritime Silk Road, mainly during the Song Dynasty and Yuan Dynasty(对泉州安溪县炼铁遗址的最新研究结果表明，主要在宋元时期，泉州安溪县曾大量生产钢铁，这是历史上海上丝绸之路的重要贸易货物)”可知，宋元时期的泉州人主要生产钢铁。故选D项。
14.What can we know about Quanzhou in ancient times?
A. It once served as the Capital. B. It once helped a lot for ocean trade.
C. It was once the education center of the world. D. It developed fast from Song Dynasty to Qing Dynasty.
【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。由文章第三段“The two ancient organizations showed that Quanzhou once provided effective support for ocean trade.(这两个古代组织表明，泉州曾经为海洋贸易提供了有效的支持)”可知，古时的泉州为海洋贸易提供了大力支持。故选B项。
15.In which section of a newspaper may this text appear?
A. Culture. B. Environment. C. Education. D. Health.
【答案】A
【解析】推理判断题。由文章第一段“The city of Quanzhou in East China's Fujian province, one of the most important Chinese ports along the historic maritime(海运的)Silk Road, reported new findings about archaeological(考古的)efforts from 2019 to 2020, experts said at a meeting held in Quanzhou from Friday to Saturday.(专家在周五至周六于泉州举行的一次会议上表示，中国东部福建省泉州市是中国沿着具有历史意义的海上丝绸之路最重要的港口之一，该市报告了2019年至2020年期间考古工作的新发现)”及引出的下文可知，本文的主要内容福建省泉州市2019~2020年的四个文化考古新发现并再次强调了泉州的历史地位，这是与文化相关的话题，所以本文可能出现在报纸的文化栏目。故选A项。
二、七选五
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
(改编自2021·河北保定市高一期中)Sites of cultural heritage often carry a large degree of value. Famous World Heritage Sites like the Pyramids of Giza or the Forbidden City in Beijing are truly impressive. 1 And they also show what the human mind and human culture are capable of.
However, cultural relics are more than just valuable in art—they tell a story of human history. Everything that makes up our society (our values, our language, our traditions, our way of life, etc.) comes from our ancestors.
2 This is extremely valuable because it provides us with a way to understand different cultures round the world and how they join each other. It offers chances for us to learn from the past and develop a better future.
3 Some relics were stolen from museums in Bagdad and the Iraq War caused great damage to parts of the ancient city of Babylon. These acts are hugely harmful to the international society. 4
So it is important to set an international rule to be followed during a war in order to greatly reduce the harms to cultural relics. 5 In order to better protect cultural relics, the law must be used in all situations even though in certain cases, a war can be won more easily by attacking common people.
A. They are worth protecting.
B. They are beautiful pieces of art.
C. Recently there have been many terrible acts.
D. Cultural heritage is important for many reasons.
E. Cultural relics are the only means we have of connecting with our past.
F. The harms do not only influence our present - day society, but all of our future.
G. This is the case, for example, with the laws about attacking common people in a war.
【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了文化遗迹的意义及遭受破坏的现状，并呼吁制定法律来保护文化遗迹。
1.【答案】B
【解析】上文“Famous World Heritage Sites like the Pyramids of Giza or the Forbidden City in Beijing are truly impressive.(像吉萨金字塔或者北京紫禁城这样的世界文化遗产真的很壮观。)”提到了两个著名的文化遗产，结合下文“And they also show what the human mind and human culture are capable(有能力的) of.(它们也展示了人类思想和文化的能力。)”中的“also”可知，空处与下文都是讲述两处世界文化遗产的意义，B项“它们都是美丽的艺术”符合语境，故选B项。
2.【答案】E
【解析】根据本段首句“However, cultural relics(遗迹) are more than just valuable in art—they tell a story of human history.”可知本段主要讲述文化遗迹的意义，结合最后一句 “It offers chances for us to learn from the past and develop a better future.(它为我们提供向过去学习并发展一个更好未来的方法。)”可知，E项“文化遗迹是我们现在拥有的唯一与过去相连接的方法”符合语境。故选E项。
3.【答案】C
【解析】由空后一句“Some relics were stolen from museums in Bagdad and the Iraq War caused great damage(破坏) to parts of the ancient city of Babylon.( Bagdad博物馆的一些文物被盗，伊拉克战争对巴比伦古城的部分地区造成了巨大的破坏。)”可知，C项“最近有很多糟糕的行为”符合语境，空后是对“糟糕行为”的例证。故选C项。
4.【答案】F
【解析】由上文“These acts are hugely harmful to the international society.”可知，这些行为对国际社会造成巨大的伤害，分析选项，F项“这些危害不仅影响我们现在的社会，而且影响我们所有人的未来。”符合语境，F项中的“The harms”与上文“harmful”呼应。故选F项。
5.【答案】G
【解析】根据空后一句“In order to better protect cultural relics, the law must be used in all situations even though in certain cases, a war can be won more easily by attacking common people.(为了更好地保护文化遗迹，法律必须适用于所有情况，即使在某些情况下，一场战争可以通过攻击普通人更容易赢得胜利。)”可知，G项“情况是这样，例如关于在战争中攻击普通人的法律”符合语境，与下文呼应。故选G项。
三、完形填空
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
(改编自2021·辽宁沈阳市高三)Ciudad Perdida, Colombia’s “Lost City” is older than Machu Picchu. There are no trains or buses allowing of 1 travels to reach its ruins. The remote place is only 2 on foot: a tiring multi-day hike.
Despite this, I couldn’t 3 the opportunity to visit Ciudad Perdida. 12 other hikers and I went there in
4 with a licensed guide. The dirt path, which 5 through towering palms and dangling vines (藤蔓), proved 6 right from the start. Along the way we also met the 7 . They have been left undisturbed for centuries and there’s a deep 8 between them and the land.
The next morning, we were off early to 9 the heat, but high temperatures and muscle pain had already
10 by the time we reached the final stage-1,200 stone steps to 11 . After finally lifting my painful body up the long flight of stairs, my eyes rested on the scene that had 12 the backbreaking journey: Ciudad Perdida.
I looked down and wondered at the beautiful site below. While the return trip included 13 the mental hurdle(障碍)of having already accomplished our goal, the experience is the one I would do 14 . It is the difficulty that makes the journey a more 15 one. Earned views are always better.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。作者讲述了自己参观哥伦比亚的“遗失的城市”Ciudad Perdida的经历。
1. A. long B. endless C. frequent D. easy
【答案】D
【解析】A.long长的；B. endless无尽的；C. frequent频繁的；D. easy容易的。根据下文“The remote place is only ... on foot:”可知，没有火车和汽车，能够让你轻松的到达这个废墟。故选D。
2. A. impressive B. accessible C. muddy D. dangerous
【答案】B
【解析】A. impressive给人印象深刻的；B. accessible可到达的；C. muddy泥泞的；D. dangerous危险的。根据“on foot”可知，这个城市仅能步行到达。故选B。
3. A. resist B. obtain C. promote D. grasp
【答案】A
【解析】A. resist抵制；B. obtain获得；C. promote促进；提升；D. grasp抓住。couldn’t resist无法抗拒。根据下文“12 other hikers and I went there”可知，我不能错过去参观的机会。故选A。
4. A. company B. combination C. harmony D. communication
【答案】A
【解析】A. company陪伴，陪同；B. combination组合；C. harmony和谐；D. communication交流。in company with与某人一起。根据“with a licensed guide”可知，导游陪伴我们旅行。故选A。
5. A. buried B. spread C. spun D. wound
【答案】D
【解析】A. buried埋葬；B. spread传播；C. spun使……旋转；D. wound(道路、河流或一队人)蜿蜒向前。根据空格“The dirt path”可知，小路应是蜿蜒向前。故选D。
6. A. disappointing B. embarrassing C. challenging D. amazing
【答案】C
【解析】A. disappointing令人失望的；B. embarrassing令人尴尬的；C. challenging具有挑战性的；D. amazing令人吃惊的。根据“The dirt path, which ... through towering palms and dangling vines(藤蔓),”可知，小路蜿蜒通向高耸的棕榈树和藤蔓，步行旅行时具有挑战性的。故选C。
7. A. natives B. visitors C. guides D. drivers
【答案】A
【解析】A. natives本地人；B. visitors参观者；C. guides导游；D. drivers司机。根据“They have been left undisturbed for centuries”可知，沿路最有可能遇到的是本地人，因为这是很少有人涉足的地方。故选A。
8. A. similarity B. distinction C. bond D. expression
【答案】C
【解析】A. similarity相似；B. distinction区别；C. bond联系，纽带；D. expression表达，表情。根据上文“They have been left undisturbed for centuries”可知，他们已经不受干扰了几个世纪，因此他们和土地之间有着深厚的联系。故选C。
9. A. reduce B. beat C. solve D. abandon
【答案】B
【解析】A. reduce减少；B. beat打，击败；C. solve解决；D. abandon废弃。beat the heat抵御炎热。根据上文“we were off early”可知我们早出发是为了避免炎热。故选B。
10. A. watched out B. cut off C. set in D. gave in
【答案】C
【解析】A. watched out小心；B. cut off切断；C. set in开始，来临；D. gave in屈服。根据“The next morning, we were off early to ... the heat,”和“After finally lifting my painful body up the long flight of stairs,”可知，炎热和肌肉疼痛降临了。选C。
11. A. construct B. found C. cover D. explore
【答案】C
【解析】A. construct修建；B. found兴建，创建，建立；C. cover行走(一段路程)；D. explore探索。此处表示我们走了1200个石头台阶。故选C。
12. A. decorated B. predicted C. motivated D. simplified
【答案】C
【解析】A. decorated装饰；B. predicted预测；C. motivated激励；D. simplified简化。根据上文“Despite this, I couldn’t ... the opportunity to visit Ciudad Perdida.”可知，看到Ciudad Perdida的景象激励我开始了这段艰苦的旅程。故选C。
13. A. overcoming B. memorizing C. observing D. researching
【答案】A
【解析】A. overcoming克服；B. memorizing记忆；C. observing观察；D. researching研究。根据下文“the mental hurdle（障碍）of having already accomplished our goal”和常理推断，回程要克服完成了目标这种心理障碍。故选A。
14. A. otherwise B. again C. though D. instead
【答案】B
【解析】A. otherwise否则；B. again再；C. though然而；D. instead代替。根据下文“Earned views are always better.”可知，我对这次经历印象深刻，因此我愿意再次体验。故选B。
15. A. rewarding B. sensitive C. popular D. flexible
【答案】A
【解析】A. rewarding值得的；B. sensitive敏感的；C. popular受欢迎的；D. flexible灵活的。这是一个强调句。根据下文“Earned views are always better.”说明，这次旅程因为困难成为更值得的。故选A。
四、语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
(改编自2021·全国高二)Dian Fossey was an American zoologist who devoted 20 years of her life 1 the study and protection of Africa’s rare and endangered mountain gorillas. She received instruction in fieldwork from chimp specialist Jane Goodall, and began 2 (watch)and recording the behavior of mountain gorillas. Her work took her to Zaire and then to Rwanda, where she 3 (foundation)the Karisoke Research Center. After years of 4 (patience)observation, the gorillas came to know and trust her, and she found that she could sit among the gorillas and even play 5 (happy)with their young.
In 1980, she attended the University of Cambridge. Afterwards she took 6 a teaching job at Cornell University in New York, 7 she wrote a book called Gorillas in the Mist about her experiences in Rwanda. In 1984, she returned to the Karisoke Research Center 8 (continue)her fieldwork.
When her favorite gorilla 9 (kill)by poachers, Fossey started a campaign against poaching.
She raised worldwide 10 (aware)about the endangered mountain gorillas, and the animals are now protected by the government of Rwanda and some international organizations, including the Dian Fossey Gorilla Fund.
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了美国动物学家Dian Fossey，20年来她一直致力于研究和保护非洲珍稀濒危的山地大猩猩。主要介绍了她从事动物保护活动的经历。
1.【答案】to
【解析】考查动词短语中的介词。句意：Dian Fossey是一名美国动物学家，20年来她一直致力于研究和保护非洲珍稀濒危的山地大猩猩。结合句意表示“致力于……”短语为devote to…，故填to。
2.【答案】watching
【解析】考查非谓语动词。此处表示“开始做某事”短语为begin doing sth.，强调“观察和记录山地大猩猩的行为”这件事，故填watching。句意：她接受了黑猩猩专家Jane Goodall的野外工作指导，并开始观察和记录山地大猩猩的行为。
3.【答案】founded
【解析】考查词性转换(动词)及时态。前面有主语she，故判断要用动词，又上下文都是讲的过去的事情，故用一般过去时。句意：由于工作的原因她去了扎伊尔，然后去了卢旺达，在那里她建立了卡里索克研究中心。
4.【答案】patient
【解析】考查词性转换(形容词)。修饰后文名词observation应用形容词patient，表示“耐心的”，作定语。故填patient。
5.【答案】happily
【解析】考查词性转换(副词)。修饰上文动词play应用副词happily，表示“快乐地”，作状语。故填happily。句意：经过多年的耐心观察，大猩猩们逐渐认识并信任她，她发现自己可以坐在大猩猩中间，甚至可以和它们的幼崽快乐地玩耍。
6.【答案】up
【解析】考查动词短语中的副词。take up从事，故填up。
7.【答案】where
【解析】考查定语从句。先行词Cornell University为地点，故填where。句意：1980年，她就读于剑桥大学。后来，她在纽约康奈尔大学任教，在那里她写了一本书，名叫《雾中的大猩猩》，讲述了她在卢旺达的经历。
8.【答案】to continue
【解析】考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知continue在句中应用非谓语动词形式，且本句中作目的状语，故应用不定式。故填to continue。句意：1984年，她回到Karisoke研究中心继续她的野外工作。
9.【答案】was killed
【解析】考查动词的时态和语态。时间状语从句中，主语gorilla与kill构成被动关系，且根据后文started可知应用一般过去时，主语为单数名词，故谓语动词用单数。故填was killed。句意：当她最喜欢的大猩猩被偷猎者杀死后，福西发起了一场反对偷猎的运动。
10.【答案】awareness
【解析】考查词性转换(名词)。被形容词worldwide修饰，故要用名词awareness。句意：她提高了全世界对濒危山地大猩猩的认识，这些动物现在受到卢旺达政府和一些国际组织的保护，包括滇福西大猩猩基金会。
五、写作
写作(一)
(2021·广东珠海市高三)假设你是李华，你看到敦煌莫高窟(Mogao Caves)的石像(stone statue)由于游客不文明行为而受 损的新闻报道后，想为全班做一个关于保护文物古迹的课前演讲。
要点如下：1.你看到这则新闻的感受
2.文物古迹保护的重要性及建议
3.号召保护文物古迹
注意：1.词数120左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，使行文连贯。
3.开头和结束语已写好，不计 入总词数。
Good morning, everyone!
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Thank you for your time!
【答案】
Good morning, everyone!
I would like to take this opportunity to talk about the protection of cultural relics. I was in deep sorrow when I saw the news, which said that the stone statues of Mogao Caves were damaged because of uncivil behaviors.
I feel it a duty for us students to take action to prevent this kind of situation from happening again, because these cultural relics are an important part of China’s cultural heritage. As a result, it’s strongly suggested that when traveling, we behave ourselves by not touching, climbing or leaving marks on them. In other words, we should follow the rules and be civilized tourists.
My dear fellow students: I’m appealing to you to make joint efforts to protect our national treasures which can be passed down from generation to generation.
Thank you for your time!
写作(二)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
(2021·全国高三)A Vacation with My Mother
I had an interesting childhood. It was filled with surprise and amusements, all because of my mother-loving, sweet, yet absent-minded and forgetful. One strange family trip we took when I was eleven tells us a lot about her.
My two sets of grandparents lived in Colorado and North Dakota, and my parents decided to spend a few weeks driving to those states and seeing all the sights along the way. As the first day of our tip approached, David, my eight-year-old brother, and I unwillingly said good-bye to all of our friends. Who knew if we’d ever see them again! Finally, the moment of our departure arrived, and we loaded suitcases, books, games, camping equipment, and a tent into the car and bravely drove off. We bravely drove off again two hours later after we'd returned home to get the purse and traveler’s checks Mom had forgotten.
David and I were always a little nervous when using gas station bathrooms if Mom was driving while Dad slept: “You stand outside the door and play lookout(放哨)while I go, and I will stand outside the door and play lookout while you go.” I had terrible pictures in my mind: “Honey, where are the kids?” “What?! Oh, Gosh I thought they were being awfully quiet.” We were never actually left behind in a strange city, but we weren’t about to take any chances.
On the fourth or fifth night, we had trouble finding a hotel with a vacancy. After driving in vain for some time, Mom suddenly got a great idea: Why didn’t we find a house with a likely-looking backyard and asked if we could set up tent there? David and I became nervous. To our great relief, Dad turned down the idea. Mom never could understand our objections(反对). If a strange family showed up on her front doorstep, Mom would have been delighted. She thinks everyone in the world is as nice as she is. We finally found a vacancy in the next town.
Paragraph I
The next day we remembered the brand new tent we brought with us. ___________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2
We drove through several states and saw lots of sights along the way. ________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
The next day we remembered the brand new tent we brought with us. We were happy to see it all still packed, and hoped it would be packed forever. However, things came to its turning point. Mom lost Dad in the gas station when we were sleeping. What’s more,as the dark approached, we met the same trouble again. Fearful as Mom was, she decided to camp near the road waiting for Dad. The wind cried widely like a monster. Tears took control of us. Mom embraced us tightly singing a smooth song, which really relaxed us. We didn’t met Dad in the last few days, but we felt comfortable staying with Mom
We drove through several states and saw lots of sights along the way. The tent became a close friend then. Every time we camped, Mom would read a book or sing a soft song. The warmth of her arms never faded away in my memory. Though she was forgetful, laughter accompanied us along the way. We finally met poor Dad in our destination. This trip made me realize that love may have many ways, but it can always warm people in the dark.