【专项练习】全套专题英语中考考点十四： 主谓一致专题整理(带答案)

这是一份【专项练习】全套专题英语中考考点十四： 主谓一致专题整理(带答案)，共8页。试卷主要包含了考点解析，真题演练等内容，欢迎下载使用。
一、考点解析
长沙市近六年主谓一致考频统计：
考点 1：语法一致原则
主语和谓语通常是在语法形式上取得一致，即主语是单数形式时，谓语动词也采用单数形式；主语是复数形式时，谓语动词也采用复数形式。
当 and 或 连接名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。
【例如】：Tm and Mike are gd friends. 汤姆和迈克是好朋友。
Bth Lucy and Lily are students. 露西和莉莉都是学生。
不定 代词 either, neither, each ne, anybdy, anyne, anything, smene, smebdy, smething, everyne, everybdy, everything, nbdy, nne, nthing 等作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
【例如】：Is there anything wrng with yur bike? 你的自行车有什么毛病吗?
Everyne is ready fr the sprts meeting. 大家都为运动会做好了准备。
由 “a lt f (lts f)，half f，part f， the rest f，分数 f，百分比 f+名词”作主语时，谓语动词的形式根据名词的单复数而定。
【例如】：A lt f peple have been t Lndn. 许多人去过伦敦。
Three-fifths f the water is dirty. 五分之三的水是脏的。
40 percent f the students in ur class are girls. 我们班百分之四十的学生是女生。
Half f the fruit is bad. 一半的水果是坏的。
Half f the visitrs are frm Eurpe. 一半的游客来自欧洲。
【注意】：“a number f 十复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。
“the number f 十复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
【例如】：The number f the students in ur schl is ver tw thusand.
我们学校的学生数超过两千。
年份
考点
年份
考点
2014
/
2017
nt als
2015
/
2018
/
2016
be 动词
2019
/
主语是“each f …”，“neither f …”，“either f …”，“ne f…”等时，其谓语用单数。
【例如】：Neither f us is a by．我们俩都不是男孩。
Each f them has an English dictinary. 他们当中每人都有一本英语词典。
One f the students was late fr schl. 一个学生上学迟到了。
Each f them has his wn duty. 他们每个人都有自己的责任。
动名词、不定式做主语，谓语动词用单数。
非谓语动词短语或从句作主语时，谓语动词常用单数形式。
【例如】：Is watching t much TV gd r bad fr yur health?
看太多的电视对你的身体有益还是有害? What yu said is wrng. 你所说的是错的。
【典例】：
() 1. (2019. 贵州贵阳) Vlunteering the wrld warmer. Even small things can make a big difference.
A. makeB. makesC. was making
解析：本题考查谓语动词的时态与主谓一致。句意：志愿服务使世界更温暖。即使是小事也能产生巨大的影响。根据后句中 can 用现在式可知，这是现在存在的客观情况，应用一般现在时；动名词 vlunteering 应看作第三人称单数，故选 B。
答案：B
() 2. (2019. 黑龙江绥化) Eighty percent f the students in this schl three t five times a week.
A. exercisesB. exerciseC. exercising
解析：本题考查主谓一致和动词时态。根据句中表频率的短语 three t five times a week，可知为一般现在时；句子主语为“百分数+复数名词”，所以谓语动词 exercise 应用原形。故选 B。
答案：B
【演练】：
() 1. (2015. 益阳)—Hw many wmen dctrs are there in yur hspital?
—them ver twenty.
A. A number f; areB. The number f; areC. The number f; is
() 2. (2017. 黑龙江齐齐哈尔) A number f visitrsvisiting the West Lake and the number f the visitrsincreasing.
A. are; isB. is; areC. are; are
考点 2：意义一致原则
意义一致就是谓语动词的数必须和主语的意义一致。有时主语在语法形式上为单数，但意义为复数；有时形式为复数，但意义为单数。
表示时间、距离、重量、长度、价值等的复数名词作主语表示整体概念时，其谓语动词常用单数形式。
【例如】：Fifty dllars is nt enugh fr me. 50 美元对我来说少了。
Three years is a lng time. 三年是一段长时间。
集合名词 family，class，team，grup，crwd, cmmittee 等集体名词作主语，若指一个整体时，谓语动词用单数形式；若指具体成员时，谓语动词用复数形式。
【例如】：My family is a very big ne，with ten peple in it. 我家是一个大家庭，有十口人。
My family all like watching TV. 我们全家人都喜欢看电视。
His family are all music lvers. 他的家人都是音乐爱好者。
The class are having a picnic in the cuntryside. 全班同学都在乡里野炊。
【典例】：
() (2017. 四川宜宾) Tw mnthsa lng time. We can visit ur grandparents during the vacatin.
A. amB. isC. are
解析：本题考查主谓一致。句意：两个月是一段长时间。时间做主语表整体概念时，谓语动词用单数，故选 B。
答案：B
【演练】：() (2016. 湖南常德) Fifty yuanenugh.
A. isB. amC. are
考点 3：就近原则
由 either，，，nt als...等词连接并列主语时，谓语动词常和最接近的主语一致。
以 there，here 开头的句子，若主语不只一个，其谓语动词通常和邻近的那个主语一致。
【例如】：Neither yu nr Li Hua has been t Shanghai befre. 你和李华以前都没去过上海。
Either yu r he has t g there with me. 你或他必须和我一起去那。 There is a pen and sme bks n the desk. 课桌上有一支钢笔和一些书。 Here are sme bks and paper fr yu. 这是给你的书和纸。
【典例】：() (2019. 甘肃天水) Either the students r the teacher him very well.
A. knwsB. t knwC. knwD. knew
解析：本题考查主谓一致及一般现在时。句意：学生或老师都很了解他。分析句子结构可知此句缺少谓语动词，讲述客观情况用一般现在时，either…r…连接两主语时遵循“就近原则”， the teacher 是单数，谓语用三单，故选 A。
答案：A
【演练】：
() 1. (2019. 四川凉山) — What’s in the picture n the wall?
—There a teacher and sme students playing sccer n the playgrund.
A. hasB. areC. isD. have
() 2. (2019. 四川广元) Nt nly yu but als I interested in the cartn called
Peppa Pig.
A. amB. isC. are
考点 4：就远原则
名词后跟 with, tgether with, alng with, as well as, rather than, ther than, except, besides, but, like, including 等引导的短语时，由于以上成分对句子主语只起修饰作用，并不影响句子谓语动词的选择，所以句子的谓语动词前面的主语保持一致（即与比较远的那个主语保持一致）。
【例如】：My father, tgether with his friends, is ging t visit the Great Wall.
我父亲将和他的朋友们一起去参观长城。
Nbdy but tw students is in the classrm. 除了这两个学生，没有人在教室。
Everybdy except yu lks dwn n me. 除了你，大家都看不起我。
A wman with tw children has cme. 一位妇女带着两个孩子已经来了。
【典例】：() (2019. 贵州铜仁) Mr Wang tgether with his wife and children in the cuntryside.
A. enjys livingB. enjy livingC. enjys t liveD. enjy t live
解析：本题考查主谓一致。首先根据选项中的关键词“enjy”的用法，即 enjy ding sth.排除 C、D。再看题干中的主语是“Mr.Wang”是第三人称单数，其后的“tgether with his wife and children”只是伴随状语，不是句子的主语。所以谓语动词 enjy 应该用第三人称单数形式。故选 A。
答案：A
【演练】： () (2019. 甘肃兰州) Peter with his classmates fr the bus when the earthquake happened.
A. is waitingB. was waitingC. are waitingD. were waiting
二、真题演练
（一）随堂反馈
() 1. (2017. 湖南长沙) Nt nly my parents but als my sistercrazy abut the TV play in the Name f Peple.
A. isB. areC. have been
() 2. (2019. 湖南郴州) — Lucy, there t many things n the desk. What a mess!
—Srry, Mum. I’ll put them away.
A. haveB. isC. are
() 3. (2019. 湖南湘西)—There a bk sale in ur schl. Wuld yu like t have a lk with me?—Sure. I’d lve t.
A. isB. haveC. are
() 4. (2016. 湖南郴州) —Lk! A wman with three childrencrssing the street.
—Let’s help them.
A. isB. areC. was
() 5. (2016. 湖南张家界) Playing cmputer games t muchbad fr students’ health.
A. amB. isC. are
() 6. (2015. 湖南郴州) —What wuld yu like, cffee r tea?
—EitherOK. I dn’t mind.
A. isB. areC. was
() 7. (2019. 广西百色) Neither my sister nr I been t Xi’an befre.
A. have neverB. have everC. has neverD. has ever
() 8. (2018. 新疆) Bth Mike and Iready fr the new high schl life.
A. beB. amC. isD. are
() 9. (2018. 贵州安顺) 一 What d yu think f the envirnment here, Mr. Wang?
—Wnderful! f the landcvered with trees and grass.
(
) 10. (2019.
福建) There a large bwl f jiazi n the table.
A. is
B. areC. be
(
) 11. (2016
黑龙江齐齐哈尔) Nt nly yu but als everyne here watching
A. Tw fifths; isB. Tw fifth; isC. Tw fifths; areD. Tw fifth; are
.
ftball matches.
A. likesB. likeC. is like
() 12. (2016. 湖北荆州)The number f the vlunteers in ur city2,000. And sixty percent f them teachers and students.
A. is; isB. is; areC. are; isD. are; are
() 13. (2017. 内蒙古呼和浩特) Mary, is my friend, as well as her sisters,
Chinese in China.
A. that; are studyingB. which; have studied C. wh; studyD. wh; studies () 14. (2018. 甘肃兰州) Neither Tm nr Iinterested in playing WeChat.
A. amB. isC. areD. be
() 15. (2019. 江苏南通) — What d yu think f yesterday’s activity in yur cmmunity?
—Wnderful. A lt f useful advice n self prtectin .
A. is fferedB. are fferedC. was fferedD. were ffered
（二）巩固提升
() 1. (2019. 新疆) Nt nly Jack but als I crazy abut the ftball match.
A. amB. isC. areD. be
() 2. (2019. 江苏盐城) Each f us a life gal, which will guide us t a bright future.
A. hasB. haveC. will haveD. had
() 3. (2017. 四川宜宾) Tw mnthsa lng time. We can visit ur grandparents during the vacatin.
A. amB. isC. are
() 4. (2016. 黑龙江龙东) Abutf the landcvered with trees and grass.
A. three fifths; isB. three fifths; areC. three fifth; are
() 5. (2016. 黑龙江龙东) Each f us WeChat nwadays, even the ld peple.
A. playB. playsC. playing
() 6. (2017. 江苏泰州) Neither Jim nr Tm Australia befre, but they knw the cuntry very well.
A. has gne tB. has been tC. have gne tD. have been t
() 7. (2017. 贵州贵阳) We all knw that ne f the wrld’s mst ppular sprtsftball.
A. amB. isC. are
() 8. (2016. 四川巴中) In ur city there a number f cars and the number f them
grwing larger and larger.
A. are; isB. have; isC. is; are
() 9. (2016. 四川自贡) Everybdy except Mike and Lindathere when the meeting began.
A. areB. wasC. were
() 10. (2016. 湖北孝感) Bth Kate and Iready fr the new high schl life.
A. amB. isC. areD. be
() 11. (2017. 江苏南京) Lk! There newspaper!
a pht f ur English teacher in tday’s
A. isB. areC. haveD. has
() 12. (2016. 江苏淮安) Andy, with his parents, there fr a week.
t Hng Kng, and they will stay
A. have gneB. has gneC. have beenD. has been
() 13. (2017. 四川攀枝花) One great thing abut Singapre, unlike mst ther Asian cuntries,
that the temperature is almst the same all year rund.
areB. isC. wasD. were
考点十四： 主谓一致答案
演练：
考点 1：CA考点 2：A考点 3：CA考点 4：B
随堂反馈：
1-5 ACAAB6-10 AADAA11-15 ABDAC
巩固提升：
1-5 AABAB6-10 BBABC11-13 ABB