【专项练习】全套专题英语中考考点二十二：语篇补全专题整理(带答案)

这是一份【专项练习】全套专题英语中考考点二十二：语篇补全专题整理(带答案)，共7页。试卷主要包含了考点解析，真题演练等内容，欢迎下载使用。
一、考点解析
语篇补全为 2018 年新增题型，形式为五选四，设空位置为标题或段首、段中及段尾。通常在阅读文章之前，先阅读题目所给选项，以便在阅读文章时能够进行初步推断。
长沙市近两年语篇补全考频统计：
考点 1：标题或段首设空
标题设空一般为整篇文章主旨大意的总结与提升，或者为某个事件的关键信息。段首设空主要为以下三种情况：
段落主题总结。此时需要阅读并理解设空处之后的段落内容，并总结提炼主旨大意，结合选项内容，选择最合适的一项。
段落间的过渡句。此时需要对设空处的前后段落均进行阅读及总结，结合选项，得出承上启下的过渡句。
与后文呈并列、对比、因果、转折等关系。此时着重阅读设空处后一两句，找到关键词，在选项中选出相关符合特征的词，使之与设空处之后的文章意思形成紧密的关系。
Teachers chse prefects fr their leadership, gd behavir and high grades
If yu read Harry Ptter, yu have heard f prefects
At barding schls, students were scared f prefects
In the past, prefects at barding schls were knwn fr being very cruel
Because f prefects’ bad reputatin, mst UK schls have decided t end the prefect system
【典例】：. Even tday, many parents remember hw badly the mean prefects treated them. US schls dn’t have prefects, either.
解析：根据 Even tday 及其之后的内容可知，设空处应与 Even tday 形成对比，故设空处应该填入：In the past, prefects at barding schls were knwn fr being very cruel。
答案：In the past, prefects at barding schls were knwn fr being very cruel。
考点 2：段中设空
段中设空需要考生结合设空处前后的内容，理清前后内容之间的关系，推敲符合整段内容感情基调的选项。一般来说，段中设空有以下几种关系：
逻辑关系：① 因果关系： because, s, as a result, that’s why；② 转折关系：but, hwever；
③ 并列关系：firstly, secndly, thirdly, finally, smetimes 等。
顺序关系：时间顺序；动作顺序；故事发展顺序等。
其它关系：单词重复：原词重现、单词转换、指代等。
【典例】：Hwever, prefects nwadays are mre similar t Chinese classrm mnitrs (班长)
2018
提高记忆力的建议
2019
安全游泳的注意事项
Teachers chse prefects fr their leadership, gd behavir and high grades
If yu read Harry Ptter, yu have heard f prefects
At barding schls, students were scared f prefects
In the past, prefects at barding schls were knwn fr being very cruel
Because f prefects’ bad reputatin, mst UK schls have decided t end the prefect system
than slave masters. . And prefects can’t punish ther students. It is an hnr t be a prefect, and students take their jbs very seriusly.
解析：根据设空处前一句中 prefects nwadays are mre similar t Chinese classrm mnitrs可知，设空处应填 Teachers chse prefects fr their leadership, gd behavir and high grades，解释说明 class mnitr 工作职责。
答案：Teachers chse prefects fr their leadership, gd behavir and high grades。
考点 3：段尾设空
段尾设空也分为三种情况：整段内容或者整篇文章的结论性陈述的句子；为下文的陈述埋下伏笔，承前启后；与前文形成并列，转折，因果、排比等关系。第一种情况需要考生理解设空处之前的段落内容，并进行归纳总结选出最恰当的选项；第二种情况则需要理解设空处前后段的内容，梳理段落间的逻辑关系，从而得出正确答案；第三种情况要求考生阅读设空处前一两句，锁定线索关键词，然后在选项中查找相关表示并列，转折，因果、排比等关系的关联词，同时注意选项中所讲内容是否与前文在同一主题上形成这些关系。
【典例】：In a lucid dream, peple might study a hbby and then becme better at it in real life. Fr example, yu might learn t play the pian in a lucid dream. .
Then, stay awake fr a while
The time shuld stay the same
It is hard fr mst peple t have a lucid dream
Then, yu might play the pian better in real life
Sme peple will need mre time t fall asleep and have a dream
解析：根据前文 play the pian 可知，此处应选 Then, yu might play the pian better in real life
这一选项，形成前后对应关系。
答案：Then, yu might play the pian better in real life。
二、真题演练
（一）随堂反馈
A（2019. 湖南长沙）
Summer is here. One f the best ways t cl ff n a ht summer day is t jump int a swimming pl. Swimming is great exercise, and a trip t a pl r beach is a gd way t have fun with friends. 1. , s it’s imprtant t stay safe as yu d it. Here are a few things yu can d t swim safely.
·Swim nly in areas set fr swimming.
Dn’t swim unless there is a lifeguard（救生员）n duty. If yu’re n a beach near the cean, this is especially imprtant. In sme places, fast currents （ 急流） can sweep swimmers away withut warning. S if a sign says “n swimming”, please take care.
·Be careful when diving（跳水）int the water head first.
Mst pls have deep ends where diving is safe. In natural water, dn’t dive unless yu knw that the water is deep enugh. 2. , causing injury（伤害）r death.
·Make sure yu have a partner with yu.
Nbdy knws what will happen while yu are swimming. If smething ges wrng, yu can get help frm that persn as sn as pssible. In this situatin, 3. .
·Pay clse attentin t children’s safety.
Skilled kids may frget green hands
S an adult shuld always be present
But swimming can als be dangerus
A few secnds can make a big difference
Or yu culd hit yur head n the bttm
Kids wh dn’t knw hw t swim shuld wear life jackets. But by themselves they are nt enugh. 4. . If yu have a pl at hme, put a fence（围栏）arund it in case children fall in. And if a child disappears, check the pl first.
B
Mst peple want t be happy, but few knw hw t find happiness. Mney and success alne d nt bring lasting happiness. Aristtle, a Greek thinker, said, “Happiness depends upn urselves.” 1. Here are a few suggestins t help yu be happier.
The first secret f happiness is t enjy the simple things in life. T ften, we spend s much time thinking abut the future — fr example, getting int cllege r getting a gd jb that we fail t enjy at present. Yu shuld enjy life’s simple pleasures, such as reading a gd bk, listening t yur favrite music, playing sprts r spending time with clse friends. 2.
3. Try t develp hbbies where yu can frget yur prblems and time. Many peple experience this by dancing r playing a sprt, such as swimming and running. Yu can frget yur prblems, and nly think abut the activity.
Finally, many peple find happiness in helping thers. Studies shw that peple feel gd when they spend their time helping thers. 4. Yu can help a friend with his r her studies, g shpping t buy fd fr an elderly persn, r simply help ut arund the huse by washing the dishes.
Playing sprts is anther way t live happily.
In ther wrds, we make ur wn happiness.
Anther secret t living a happy life is t be active.
If yu want t feel happier, d gd things fr smene.
Peple wh have several clse friends ften have happier and healthier lives.
C
In 1974, farmers in Xi’an, Shanxi, were digging wells (井). But t their surprise, they dug ut an amazing discvery nly five meters under the earth: the wrld-famus Terractta Warrirs (兵马俑).
The Terractta Warrirs are thusands f clay sldiers. They are as tall as humans. The mst interesting part f them is that each ne has a unique face. Depending n their clthes, hat and hair, they have different military ranks (军衔). 1. . Sme hld weapns (武器). Others lead the hrses.
These clay sldiers were built fr the tmb (坟墓) f Qin Shihuang (250~210 BC), China’s first emperr. 2. . S he asked wrkers t build an army f warrirs t prtect him in the afterlife. It is believed that ver 700,000 wrkers built the tmb in 40 years. 3. , but they believe that mst f the Terractta Warrirs are still under the earth.
Tday, the Terractta Warrirs are called “the eighth wnder f the wrld”. 4. .
Mre than thusands f turists visit it every year.
Mrever, they have different jbs
It is said that he is a very strict emperr
He believed that he wuld g t anther wrld after his death
It has becme ne f the best-knwn places f interest in China
S far, scientists have discvered abut 8,000 Terractta Warrirs
（二）巩固提升
A（2018. 湖南长沙）
A gd memry is ften seen as smething that cmes naturally, while a bad memry as smething that cannt be changed. In fact, there is a lt that yu can d t imprve yur memry. Here are sme tips (贴士) fr yu.
1.
We all remember the things we are interested in, and always frget the nes that bre us. This explains the reasn why schlbys remember ftball results easily but struggle ( 挣扎) with dates frm their histry lessns! Develp an active interest in what yu want t remember. One way t make yurself mre interested is t ask questins — the mre, the better!
Repeat things in chunks(块).
Repeating things in chunks is the best way t remember things fr a shrt time, fr example, remembering a phne number fr a few secnds. 2. The fllwing numbers wuld be impssible fr mst f us t remember: 1492178919318483. But lk at them in “grups” r “chunks” repeatedly, and it becmes much easier: 1492 1789 1931 8483.
Invent a stry.
T remember lng lists, try inventing a stry which includes all the things yu want t remember. In experiments, peple were asked t remember up t 120 wrds using this way. When they were tested later. they culd remember abut 90% f them. 3.
Take physical exercise.
Physical exercise is imprtant fr yur memry, because it increases yur heart rate (心率) and sends mre xygen ( 氧气) t yur brain, and that makes yur memry wrk better. 4.
As we knw, t much pressure is very bad fr the memry.
Take an interest.
Exercise als lwers stress.
The test result was really amazing!
Anther way t imprve memry is t get enugh rest.
Gruping numbers may help yu t remember them.
B
One day, a father and his sn went t a kite-flying festival. When they arrived, there were already many adults and their children playing in the park. When the sn saw the sky filled with clrful kites in different shapes, he was excited and wanted t get ne, t. 1. . S they went t a kite shp and chse a beautiful ne.
With the string (线) in hand, the sn started flying the kite. Sn, the kite was high up in the
sky. After a while, the sn said, “Father, it seems that the string is stpping the kite frm flying higher. If we cut it, the kite will be free and fly even higher. Can we cut it?” 2. . Suddenly, the kite began t fly higher, which made the sn much happier.
Hwever, t his surprise, the kite was cming dwn. They waited fr quite sme time. Slwly, it fell nt the grass. 3. , “I thught that after cutting the string, the kite wuld fly higher. Why did it fall dwn?”
The father smiled and said, “The rle f the string was nt stpping the kite frm flying higher, but helping it stay in the sky. Because the kite itself can’t fly up. By using the string yu help the kite g up in the right directin. 4. .”
In ur life, we may smetimes feel like there are certain things that are hlding us back and stpping us frm grwing. But in fact, these might be the things that supprt us the mst. We can really grw up and becme strnger by realizing the imprtance f these things.
The sn felt upset and asked
His father agreed t buy ne fr him
The kites are really fantastic flying high in the sky
The father didn’t reply, but just cut the string
When yu cut the string, it culd nt supprt the kite
C
Have yu ever tried t write a pem? It’s easier than yu might think. Just pick up a pen and begin practicing. Here are sme steps t write a pem.
Chse yur tpic.
1. ? Sme peple can start writing pems withut really deciding what t write abut. When their pen r pencil hits the paper, the wrds just flw ( 畅流). Mst peple, n the ther hard, need a tpic and as a beginner, this is the best way t start. It’s easier t write a gd pem abut smething yu knw well r yu have experienced.
Free write fr five minutes abut yur tpic.
Then g back and read it. Are any wrds r expressins especially gd? 2.. Fr example, if yu are describing smething (a bird), write dwn sme descriptive wrds abut it (lk, clr), and the kind f stry yu wuld like t tell abut (the bird fell ut f a tree). If yu are writing abut an event in yur life, write dwn yur feelings and thughts f that event.
Write yur pem.
Remember, a pem desn’t have t rhyme ( 押韵). 3.. But it shuld shw yur feelings f the tpic. And it shuld sund nice t yu. Have a friend read yur pem alud t yu. D yu like the way it sunds? If nt, g back and rewrite the parts yu dn’t like.
4..
Mark them and use them in yur pem
Enjy yur pem
What wuld yu like yur pem t be abut
It desn’t have t use sentences, either
Read yur pems ludly when yu are free
Read it t thers. Read it alud t yurself. Put it smewhere if yu want.
考点二十二：语篇补全
【随堂反馈】：A 1~5 CEDB
B 1~5 BECD
C 1~5 ACED
【巩固提升】：A 1~5 AECB
B 1~5 BDAE
C 1~5 CADE