2021-2022学年陕西省渭南市蒲城县高一（下）第二次对抗赛英语试卷（含答案解析）

这是一份2021-2022学年陕西省渭南市蒲城县高一（下）第二次对抗赛英语试卷（含答案解析），共19页。试卷主要包含了00等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2021-2022学年陕西省渭南市蒲城县高一（下）第二次对抗赛英语试卷

A
    Sunflower Gymnastics​​​​​​​    At Sunflower Gymnastics we offer different classes to help participants promote self-confidence, build physical fitness and encourage independence.
    Me & My Grown Up
    This is a great class for the young children and adults to enjoy time together exploring movement and starting to understand their little bodies. The class is directed by instructors, yet parents work directly with their children. In addition to learning gymnastics, the children will also learn valuable social skills, like following directions.
    Saturdays & Sundays 10: 30 a.m.—11: 30 a.m.     Monthly fees: $55.00
    Hot Shot & Strength Training
    This program is designed to teach basic gymnastics skills and ensure the development of a strong physical and mental foundation for young male athletes. Individual training focuses on strength, flexibility and balance, which can be transferred to any sport.
    Wednesdays & Saturdays 4: 30 p.m.—5: 20 p.m. 
​​​​​​​    Monthly fees: $65.00
    Ninjia Warrior Program
    This class is for kids from the age of six to eleven. Students will compete in a safe challenging environment while having fun. This is the perfect program for a child who has a ton of energy because we promise they'll leave tired, sweaty and talking about how much fun they have had!
    Mondays 4: 25 p.m.—5: 05 p.m. Fridays 7: 35 p.m.—8: 15 p.m.
    Monthly fees: $57.00
    Competitive Team
    Competitive team is for adult athletes who wish to reach the next level in their competition. Athletes are invited to team based on their gymnastics skill levels. We attempt to help them promote their confidence and grow as a teammate.
    Tuesdays 6: 45 p.m.—8: 15 p.m. Sundays 5: 00 p.m.—6: 30 p.m.
    Monthly fees: $73.00
1. Which class encourages its customers to take their kids with them?
A. Me & My Grown Up B. Hot Shot & Strength Training
C. Ninjia Warrior Program D. Competitive Team
2. What is special about Ninjia Warrior Program?
A. It charges the lowest fees.
B. It has the longest class period.
C. It promises energy conservation.
D. It is scheduled for weekdays only.
3. What type of writing is this text?
A. A sports schedule. B. A gym advertisement.
C. A parenting guide. D. A product catalogue.
B

Riding a horse at a high speed on grassland covered with snow while dressed in a red cloak（披风）and a white fur hat isn't something people would normally see a Chinese government official do.So it's not surprising that He Jiaolong,a female official from Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,almost instantly became an online celebrity after she posted such a video.
She came up with the idea to make the video when she was thinking about new ways to let more people know about the famous horse breed （品种） of Zhaosu County,Ili,known as "heavenly horses".
"I never expected the video to be such a hit.At first,I really didn't like to be called an online celebrity,because I never wanted to be one.But now I'm gradually getting used to using my influence to boost local development," she said.
Besides posting short videos,she has also been promoting local agricultural products and tourist resources via livestreaming（直播）.With more followers,she can now help to sell local products worth more than 2 million yuan during a livestream while sales were only about 5，000 yuan each time when she first started to livestream on social media.
While she continues to draw the public's attention to Ili,she also has to keep dealing with the stress brought by criticism,especially often being questioned if being a social media celebrity may affect her work as an official.She said that she had even thought of giving up appearing on social media several times.
"I am,above all,a government official.I will never let what I do on social media affect my job," she said. "I want to see the locals appreciate my efforts in serving them,which is my duty.I hope people can feel the warmth and positive energy of Xinjiang officials via my videos.I am simply one of them."
4. Why did He Jiaolong first make her videos？ ______
A. To introduce her job. B. To gain personal fame.
C. To promote a horse breed. D. To advertise the local scenery.
5. What can we learn from He Jiaolong's words in Paragraph 3？ ______
A. She enjoys being called an online celebrity.
B. She is proud of her skills of making short videos.
C. The video's success makes a difference to her life.
D. The video's success damages her image as an official.
6. What changes has He Jiaolong's livestreaming brought to Ili？ ______
A. Sales of local products have been increased.
B. Lives of local residents have been disturbed.
C. More local officials join her in livestreaming.
D. More followers make videos of the local scenery.
7. How does He Jiaolong react to people's criticism？ ______
A. She decides to quit appearing online.
B. She apologizes to the local government.
C. She consults experts on dealing with the stress.
D. She continues serving people through her efforts.
C
Earth is far more alive than we previously thought，according to "deep life" studies that reveal a rich ecosystem beneath our feet that is almost twice the size of all the world's oceans.Regardless of extreme heat，no light and intense pressure，scientists estimate it has between 15 billion and 23 billion tonnes of microorganisms. "It's like finding a whole new reservior of life on Earth，" said Karen Lloyd，an associate professor at the University of Tennessee.
Results suggest 70 percent of Earth's bacteria and archaea exist in the subsurface.One organism found 2.5 kilometers below the surface has been buried for millions of years and may not rely on all energy from the sun.Also，the methanogen（产甲烷菌）has found a way to create methane in this environment，which it may not use to reproduce or divide，but use to replace or repair broken parts.Lengths of their lives were completely different.Some microorganisms have been alive for thousands of years，barely moving except with shifts in earthquakes or eruptions.They're just active inside，with less energy than people thought possible to support life.
The team consists of 1，200 scientists from 52 countries in disciplines ranging from geology and microbiology to chemistry and physics.The scientists say they will present their findings before the American Geophysical Union's annual meeting opens this week，which are made possible by technical advances on drills and microscopes.
The scientists have been wondering about the point beyond which life can't exist，but the deeper they dig，the more life they find.There is a temperature maximum-—currently 122 ℃— but they believe this record will be broken if they keep exploring and developing more advanced instruments.
Questions remain，including how the microbes interact with chemical processes，and what this might reveal about how life and Earth coevolved.
8. What do the scientists find about the underground microorganisms？ ______
A. They can't reproduce and divide.
B. They're the oldest living things.
C. Some of them consume no energy.
D. Some of them almost always keep still.
9. What can we learn about the research from the third paragraph？ ______
A. It lasts for around one year.
B. It is conducted in 52 countries.
C. It involves efforts from multiple fields.
D. It promotes technical development.
10. Why do the scientists drill deep？ ______
A. To find the depth limit of life.
B. To break their previous record.
C. To discover more ancient microorganisms.
D. To detect the highest subsurface temperature.
11. Which of the following is the best title for the text？ ______
A. Organisms Live Better Underground
B. Earth's Depths Are Full of Life
C. Mars Is Far Beyond Human Exploration
D. Subsurface Life Differs from that on Land
D
Finger painting is an art that most people have experienced in childhood.But there are still people who know little about this art form.Finger painting is a simple activity that involves dipping（浸；蘸）fingers in paints and then using fingers to create objects and shapes on a piece of paper.All you need is a table at elbow height,a few sheets of plain paper,and a few bottles of watercolor.
When engaging kids in this activity,one should use non-toxic （无毒的）paints only.If not available in the market readily,non-toxic paints can be made at home easily.Preferably,the paints should also be eatable.Finger paints come in bright colors and can be purchased relatively inexpensively.Adults can save money by making their own finger paints using a mixture of cornstarch,food coloring and water.
It is a common that finger painting is for children alone；rather it's an activity that can be enjoyed by adults in equal measure.Adults can use rubber gloves while painting to avoid dirty marks of paints on their hands.When a group of people are gathered for an exercise of finger painting,it can be a great way of creating a bond between the group.Art and painting parties are a popular concept in the West.Organizations can also use finger painting as a team-building activity by making participants paint together on a large canvas （画布）.
There's no limit to the expression of feelings in finger painting.All one needs to do is go all out and put all their feelings on a piece of paper by dipping their fingers in paints.While painting,one may unconsciously choose colors that reflect their emotions.For example,you may choose the color red to express your anger or green to express hope.At times you may be confused,and the painting will help you describe your confused state of mind.Once you get your emotions on paper,you are likely to feel relieved.
So what are you waiting for？Plan a finger-painting session soon,and experience the joy.
12. What can we know about finger painting？ ______
A. Most people loved it in their childhood.
B. The preparation for it is quite difficult.
C. Kids learn it much faster than adults.
D. Finger painting is easy to carry out.
13. What should people do when there are kids involved in finger painting？ ______
A. Prepare safe paints for them. B. Have parents stay with them.
C. Use paints of bright colors. D. Buy inexpensive paints.
14. What does the underlined word "fallacy" in Paragraph 3 probably mean？ ______
A. Goal. B. Sense.
C. Principle. D. Misunderstanding.
15. What does the example in Paragraph 4 show？ ______
A. Finger painters can find artistic inspiration from emotions.
B. Finger painting provides freedom of self-expression.
C. Finger painting shows people's emotions correctly.
D. Finger painters have a wide choice of colors.
As Dr.Srini Pillay states in her new book，the brain does its best work when it's allowed to move between focus and unfocus. (1)
Engage in positive constructive day dreaming.
Schedule into every workday some breaks from focusing. (2) .Maybe an imaginary forest or a warm，sandy beach.Doing this several times a day can offer you fresh ideas.
Block interruptions before diving into deep work.
Our days are filled with distractions.To help，turn off text messaging and social media notifications. (3) ，our brains get a chance to complete full sentences of thought.
Make friends with your body clock.
Are you sharp and quick in mind in the morning？Or is night person more your style？Either way works as long as you schedule your most important projects during your brain's periods of peak performance.Try to reserve your best brain time for the big stuff.
(4) .
This is fun and can help us think of new solutions to problems.Allowing your mind time to play is a way to work better.
Keep away from digital devices.
Taking a digital sabbath-—intentionally setting aside time to rest from your screens and all their interruptions-—offers an important benefit. (5) ，and it also helps us to "reset and think about what's really important."

A.Focus your mind
B.When they are shut off
C.Try travelling with your mind to someplace enjoyable
D.It reminds us there's a world outside our screens
E.Here are several tips to help you find your flow
F.Try new hobbies
G.Digital devices can greatly improve our working efficiency
16.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
I don't own a camera anymore.I know my computer has one and my daughter is(21) taking photos with her smart phone.However,I rally miss those (22) cameras.I can remember taking a roll of film,mailing it out,and then (23) for two weeks to get the pictures back.And half of them were either overexposed by the sunlight or all of us had red eyes in them from the flash on the(24).
I can also remember the (25) when we finally saved up enough money to get a Polaroid （一次成像的） camera.It was more exciting to (26) the camera and have a photo (27) in only a minute.Even then,though,we only used it for special (28)，such as birthdays and family gatherings.
Nowadays everything seems to be(29)，saved and posted online.I wonder (30).Maybe a part of it is that we all want to stop,freeze and(31) these moments in time that fly by so fast.I have to (32) that sometimes I do.Just the other day I(33) some dusty photo albums about my (34).In one there was a picture of me just a few years old,laughing in my front yard.How I longed to go back to that (35)，see my mother's smiling face and be held in my grandmother's (36) arms once more.Still,I know that does live on in my heart,and one day we will all be (37) again.
The truth is that hard as we try we can't (38) time.All the photos can't keep it in place,either.Perhaps we should really (39) our lives instead of just filming them.Perhaps it is best to smile with joy instead of smiling for a (40).
21.  A. unwillingly B. hesitantly C. barely D. constantly
22.  A. expensive B. advanced C. old D. popular
23.  A. relaxing B. advertising C. hiding D. waiting
24.  A. watch B. phone C. camera D. computer
25.  A. thrill B. confusion C. terror D. peace
26.  A. replace B. click C. send D. return
27.  A. ready B. destroyed C. posted D. still
28.  A. accidents B. occasions C. challenges D. adventures
29.  A. ignored B. deleted C. filmed D. combined
30.  A. why B. where C. when D. how
31.  A. judge B. transform C. bury D. preserve
32.  A. forget B. admit C. doubt D. predict
33.  A. looked through B. broke down C. mixed up D. swept away
34.  A. adulthood B. childhood C. birth D. adolescence
35.  A. thought B. debate C. moment D. ceremony
36.  A. cold B. unfamiliar C. shaky D. loving
37.  A. awake B. asleep C. together D. away
38.  A. spend B. stop C. count D. kill
39.  A. waste B. assess C. record D. live
40.  A. photograph B. game C. mail D. face
41. Being a civilization with a long history，traditional Chinese medicine can date back nearly two thousand years.As many scholars pointed out，however，it wasn't until the mid 20th century（1）______China established its organized and concentrated network of medical and health care.China now stands at a crossroad.It is acknowledged that China's medical healthcare has seen great（2）______（ improve）.It has now become（3）______middle-income country with a rapid increase in GDP，while its high-quality medical insurance service can hardly cover the majority，especially in Tibet which is （4）______（remote）than most other areas in China.
Now every country is facing various（5）______（challenge），yet I believe each will have its solution.As a holder of Chinese Government Scholarship，majoring in Clinical Medicine in Peking University Health Science Center，I would like（6）______（talk） about the challenges within the health system，which is also a tough issue in the Philippines.Problems keep（7）______（range）from the lack of doctors to the increase of medical expense.Fortunately，policy-makers and government officials have started to act on （8）______（they）.China faces the same health challenges.In recent years，thanks（9）______the rapid growth of economy，the Chinese government has overcome the challenges and solved the problems （10）______（gradual） through proper plans，and set an example for other countries.
42. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Whenever we are faced with problems，cooperation play an important part in getting us out of trouble.There was a time when I was too proud that I overlooked my classmates，refusing to work together with them.However，there was no doubt that I was left alone，suffer from loneliness and failure.Unfortunately，a teacher impressed on me the value of cooperation.From then on，I learned to help other and turn to my friends for help whenever I have difficulty finishing a task on my own.Surely cooperation made a great difference.Now I am getting on well my friends.My experience has been taught me that only if we attach great important to cooperation can we go beyond ourselves.
43. 假如你是李华，为庆祝即将到来的"五四"青年节，你校开展了一次以中国近代史为主题的话剧演出，请给你的英国笔友Peter写信介绍这次文化活动。内容包括：
1.活动的内容；
2.活动的意义；
3.你参加活动的感想。
注意：
1.词数100左右，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；
2.可以适当增加细节，使行文连贯。
参考词汇："五四"青年节Youth Day 话剧 drama
Dear Peter，
I am delighted to share with you a cultural activity organized recently in our school.__________________
Yours，
Li Hua
答案和解析

1~3.【答案】A、D、B
【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了向日葵健身房的四个不同的课程，包括课程内容、课程时间以及价格等信息。
1. 
根据Me & My Grown Up部分的This is a great class for the young children and adults to enjoy time together exploring movement and starting to understand their little bodies.（这是一个很棒的课程，让孩子们和成年人一起享受探索运动的时间，并开始理解他们的小身体。）可知，Me & My Grown Up鼓励其顾客带着孩子一起去。故选A。
2. 
根据Ninjia Warrior Program部分的时间介绍Mondays 4: 25 p.m.—5: 05 p.m. Fridays 7: 35 p.m.—8: 15 p.m. （周一下午4：25—5：05 周五下午7：35—8：15）以及和其他三项课程的时间作对比可知，Ninjia Warrior Program的特别之处在于它仅安排在工作日。故选D。
3. 
根据第一段At Sunflower Gymnastics we offer different classes to help participants promote self-confidence, build physical fitness and encourage independence.（在向日葵体操馆，我们提供不同的课程来帮助参与者增强自信、增强体质和鼓励独立。）以及下文对课程设置的介绍可知，本文是一则健身房的广告。故选B。


4~7.【答案】C、C、A、D
【解析】（1）C.细节理解题。根据第二段" She came up with the idea to make the video when she was thinking about new ways to let more people know about the famous horse breed （品种） of Zhaosu County,Ili,known as "heavenly horses".（当时她在思考新的方法，为了让更多的人了解伊犁市昭苏县著名的马的品种--被称为"天马"，她有了制作视频的想法。）"可知，贺娇龙第一次拍视频是为了介绍和推广一种马。故选C。
（2）C.推理判断题。根据第三段"I never expected the video to be such a hit.At first,I really didn't like to be called an online celebrity,because I never wanted to be one.But now I'm gradually getting used to using my influence to boost local development," she said.（她说："我从没想过这段视频会如此受欢迎。起初，我真的不喜欢被称为网红，因为我从来不想成为网红。但现在我逐渐习惯于利用自己的影响力来促进当地的发展。"）"可知，拍视频使贺娇龙成为网红，并且非常受欢迎，贺娇龙通过自己的影响力来促进当地的发展。故推知，视频的成功对贺娇龙的生活产生重要的影响，故选C。
（3）A.推理判断题。根据第四段"Besides posting short videos,she has also been promoting local agricultural products and tourist resources via livestreaming（直播）.With more followers,she can now help to sell local products worth more than 2 million yuan during a livestream while sales were only about 5，000 yuan each time when she first started to livestream on social media.（除了发布短视频外，她还通过直播推广当地的农产品和旅游资源。有了更多的粉丝，她现在可以在直播期间帮助销售价值超过200万元的当地产品，而她第一次开始在社交媒体上直播时，每次的销售额只有5000元左右。）"可知，直播帮助贺娇龙推广当地的农产品，并使销售额从5000元左右上升到200万，增加了当地产品的销售额。故选A。
（4）D.推理判断题。根据最后一段"I am,above all,a government official.I will never let what I do on social media affect my job," she said. "I want to see the locals appreciate my efforts in serving them,which is my duty.I hope people can feel the warmth and positive energy of Xinjiang officials via my videos.I am simply one of them."（她说："最重要的是，我是一名政府官员。我永远不会让我在社交媒体上做的事情影响我的工作。我希望看到当地人理解我为他们服务的努力，这是我的职责。希望大家能通过我的视频感受到新疆官员的温暖和正能量。我只是其中之一。"）"可知，面对批评，贺娇龙会继续通过自己的努力，继续服务人民。故选D。
本文是一篇记叙文。本文主要介绍了新疆政府官员贺娇龙通过直播的方式，推广当地的产品及旅游业。
1．直接信息题：直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目。2．间接信息题：间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换。3．综合信息题：综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章取义。

8~11.【答案】D、C、A、B
【解析】（1）D.细节理解题。根据第二段Some microorganisms have been alive for thousands of years，barely moving except with shifts in earthquakes or eruptions.（有些微生物已经存活了数千年，除了在地震或火山爆发时发生变化外，几乎不动。）可知，一些地下生物几乎总是保持静止状态。故选D。
（2）C.细节理解题。根据第三段The team consists of 1，200 scientists from 52 countries in disciplines ranging from geology and microbiology to chemistry and physics.（该团队由来自52个国家的1200名科学家组成，涉及从地质学、微生物学到化学和物理学等学科。）可知，多个领域的科学家们共同参与了这个研究。故选C。
（3）A.推理判断题。根据第四段The scientists have been wondering about the point beyond which life cannot exist，but the deeper they dig，the more life they find.（学家们一直想知道那个极限--超过这个极限生命不能存在了，但他们挖掘得越深，发现的生命越多。）可知，科学家们在寻找生命的深度极限。故选A。
（4）B.标题归纳题。根据第一段Earth is far more alive than we previously thought，according to ‘deep life' studies that reveal a rich ecosystem beneath our feet that is almost twice the size of all the world's oceans.（根据‘深海生命'研究，地球远比我们之前认为的更有活力。该研究揭示，在我们脚下有一个丰富的生态系统，几乎是世界上所有海洋的两倍大。）可知，第一段引出话题：地球深处有丰富的生态系统。第二段主要谈及地球深处的生命的生存方式；第三段介绍了该研究团队及其计划，第四段介绍了科学家们对于地球深处的生命的深度极限的探索，最后一段总结全文。可知，"B.Earth's Depths Are Full of Life."     为最佳标题。故选B。
本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了科学家们进行了"深海生命"研究，在寻找生命的深度极限的过程中，他们发现在我们脚下有一个丰富的生态系统。
阅读理解解题步骤：首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意，因为阅读理解题一般没有标题，所以，速读全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速读的过程中，应尽可能多地捕获信息材料；其次细读题材，各个击破，掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读每篇材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息，要善于抓住每段的主题句，阅读时，要有较强的针对性，对于捕获到的信息，要做认真分析，仔细推敲，理解透彻，只有这样，针对题目要求，才能做到稳、准。

12~15.【答案】D、A、D、B
【解析】（1）D.细节理解题。根据第一段的"Finger painting is a simple activity that involves dipping（浸；蘸）fingers in paints and then using fingers to create objects and shapes on a piece of paper.（手指画是一种简单的活动，用手指蘸上颜料，然后用手指在纸上画出物体和形状。）"可知，手指画很容易画。故选D。
（2）A.细节理解题。根据第二段的"When engaging kids in this activity,one should use non-toxic （无毒的）paints only.（当孩子们参与这个活动时，应该只使用无毒的颜料。）"可知，当有孩子参与手指画时，人们应该为他们准备安全的颜料。故选A。
（3）D.词句猜测题。根据第三段的"rather it's an activity that can be enjoyed by adults in equal measure.（相反，这是一项成年人也能同等享受的活动。）"可知，真实的情况是成年人也可以画手指画，所以"finger painting is for children alone（只有孩子才会画手指画）"是错误的看法，因此划线词fallacy的意思是"误解"，和Misunderstanding意思相近。结合选项A.Goal.目标；B.Sense.感觉；C.Principle.原则；D.Misunderstanding.误解。故选D。
（4）B.推理判断题。根据第四段的"There's no limit to the expression of feelings in finger painting.All one needs to do is go all out and put all their feelings on a piece of paper by dipping their fingers in paints.While painting,one may unconsciously choose colors that reflect their emotions.（在手指画中，感情的表达是没有限制的。一个人所需要做的就是全力以赴，用手指蘸颜料，把自己所有的感受写在纸上。在绘画时，人们可能会不自觉地选择反映自己情绪的颜色。）"可知，手指画可以让人表达自己的情绪，然后接着举出例子"For example,you may choose the color red to express your anger or green to express hope.（例如，你可以选择红色来表达你的愤怒或绿色来表达希望。）"来说明手指画如何帮助人表达情绪，因此第四段的例子说明了手指画提供了自我表达的自由。故选B。
本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是手指画这种艺术活动的特点和优势。
1．直接信息题：直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目。2．间接信息题：间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换。3．综合信息题：综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章取义。

16~20.【答案】E、C、B、F、G
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据下文小标题Engage in positive constructive day dreaming.（做积极的建设性白日梦。）以及Block interruptions before diving into deep work.（在深入工作之前，阻止干扰。）和Keep away from digital devices.（远离数码设备。）可知，E项"Here are several tips to help you find your flow（这里有几个技巧可以帮助你找到你的心流。）"能够引领下文，符合语境。故选E。
（2）推理判断题。根据小标题Engage in positive constructive day dreaming.（做积极的建设性白日梦。）和上文Schedule into every workday some breaks from focusing.（在每个工作日安排一些休息时间。）可知，本段从积极的白日梦角度阐述；下文Maybe an imaginary forest or a warm，sandy beach.（也许是一片想象中的森林或者温暖的沙滩。）是对C项"Try travelling with your mind to someplace enjoyable（试着用你的思想去一个令人愉快的地方旅行。）"具体的介绍。因此，选项C承接上下文，符合语境。故选C。
（3）推理判断题。根据本段小标题Block interruptions before diving into deep work.（在深入工作之前屏蔽干扰。）以及下文To help，turn off  text messaging and social media notifications（通知）.（为了帮助你，关掉短信和社交媒体通知。）可知，B项"When they are shut off（当它们被关闭时）"与下文our brains get a chance to complete full sentences of thought.（我们的大脑有机会完成完整的思想句子。）构成完整的复合句。选项中的代词they指代上文的text messaging and social media notifications。故选B。
（4）标题归纳题。根据第二到六段小标题都是动词原形可知，第五段小标题也是动词原形开头。根据该段内容This is fun and can help us think of new solutions to problems.Allowing your mind time to play is a way to work better.（这很有趣，可以帮助我们想出新的解决问题的办法。让你的大脑有时间玩耍是一种更好的工作方式。）可知，F项"Try new hobbies（尝试新的爱好。）"能概括本段段意，符合语境。故选F。
（5）推理判断题。根据小标题Keep away from digital devices.（远离数码设备。）和上文Taking a digital sabbath（安息日）-intentionally setting aside time to rest from your screens and all their interruptions-offers an important benefit . （享受一个数字假期----有意留出时间远离屏幕和它们的干扰----会带来重要的好处。）可知，本段从数码设备角度阐述；G项"Digital devices can greatly improve our working efficiency（数字设备可以大大提高我们的工作效率，）与下文and it also helps us to "reset and think about what's really important.（它还可以帮助我们"重置和思考什么才是真正重要的。）构成语义完整的复合句，符合语境。故选G。
本文是一篇说明文。正如斯里尼•皮莱博士在她的新书中所说，当大脑可以在专注和不专注之间移动时，它的工作状态最好。本文介绍了一些技巧可以帮助你找到你的心流。
七选五阅读是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子。解题时，要注意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词），选出最符合语境的句子。

21~40.【答案】D、C、D、C、A、B、A、B、C、A、D、B、A、B、C、D、C、B、D、A
【解析】（1）D.考查副词及语境理解。A.unwillingly不情愿地；B.hesitantly犹豫地；C.barely几乎没有；D.constantly经常。"我"知道"我"的电脑有照相功能，而且"我"女儿经常（constantly）用她的智能手机拍照。根据下文taking photos with her smart phone可知是经常。故选D。
（2）C.考查形容词及语境理解。A expensive昂贵的；B.advanced高级的；C.old旧的，老的；D.popular受欢迎的。然而，"我"真的很怀念那些旧（old）相机。根据下文I can remember taking a roll of film可知是旧的。故选C。
（3）D.考查动词及语境理解。A.relaxing放松；B.advertising打广告；C.hiding隐藏；D.waiting等待。"我"记得"我"拿了一卷胶卷寄出去，然后等了（waiting）两个星期才把照片拿回来。根据下文for two weeks to get the pictures back可知是等待。故选D。
（4）C.考查名词及语境理解。A.watch手表；B.phone电话；C.camera摄像机；D.computer计算机。其中一半照片要么是过度曝光，要么是"我"们所有人的眼睛都因为相机（camera）的闪光灯而发红。根据下文when we finally saved up enough money to get a Polaroid （一次成像的） camera可知是相机。故选C。
（5）A.考查名词及语境理解。A.thrill兴奋；B.confusion困惑；C.terror恐怖；D.peace和平。"我"还记得当"我"们终于攒够钱买了一部一次成像的相机时的激动（thrill）。根据下文when we finally saved up enough money to get a Polaroid （一次成像的） camera可知是兴奋。故选A。
（6）B.考查动词及语境理解。A.replace替换；B.click点击；C.send发送；D.return返回。更令人兴奋的是，按下（click）相机快门，只需一分钟就能拍好（ready）照片。故选B。
（7）A.考查形容词及语境理解。A.ready准备好的；B.destroyed销毁的；C.posted张贴的；D.still静止的。更令人兴奋的是，按下（click）相机快门，只需一分钟就能拍好（ready）照片。故选A。
（8）B.考查名词及语境理解。A.accidents事故；B.occasions场合；C.challenges挑战；D.adventures冒险。即便如此，"我"们也只在特殊场合（occasions）使用，比如生日和家庭聚会。根据下文such as birthdays and family gatherings.可知是特殊场合。故选B。
（9）C.考查动词及语境理解。A ignored忽视；B.deleted删除；C.filmed拍摄；D.combined合并。如今，一切似乎都被拍摄（filmed）下来，保存并发布到网上。.根据下文saved and posted online可知是拍摄。故选C。
（10）A.考查连词及语境理解。A.why为什么；B.where在哪里；C.when什么时候；D.how如何。"我"想知道为什么（why）。故选A。
（11）D.考查动词及语境理解。A.judge判断；B.transform转变；C.bury埋葬；D.preserve保存。也许一部分原因是"我"们都想及时把那些飞逝的瞬间暂停、定格并保存（preserve）下来。故选D。
（12）B.考查动词及语境理解。A.forget忘记；B.admit承认；C.doubt怀疑；D.predict预测。"我"必须承认（admit）"我"有时候也希望那样。故选B。
（13）A.考查动词短语及语境理解。A.looked through浏览；B.broke down崩溃；C.mixed up混淆；D.swept away席卷。就在几天前，"我"翻阅了（looked through）积满灰尘的童年时代（childhood）的相册。根据下文some dusty photo albums可知是浏览。故选A。
（14）B.考查名词及语境理解。A.adulthood成年期；B.childhood童年；C.birth出生；D.adolescence青春期。就在几天前，"我"翻阅了（looked through）积满灰尘的童年时代（childhood）的相册。根据下文see my mother's smiling face and be held in my grandmother's可知是童年。故选B。
（15）C.考查名词及语境理解。A.thought思想；B.debate辩论；C.moment时刻；D.ceremony仪式。  "我"多么渴望回到那一刻（moment），再次看到母亲的笑脸，再次拥入祖母慈爱的（loving）怀抱里。故选C。
（16）D.考查形容词及语境理解。A.cold冷的；B.unfamiliar不熟悉的；C.shaky摇摇晃晃的；D.loving慈爱的。  "我"多么渴望回到那一刻（moment），再次看到母亲的笑脸，再次拥入祖母慈爱的（loving）怀抱里。故选D。
（17）C.考查形容词及语境理解。A.awake清醒的；B.asleep睡着的；C.together一起的；D.away离开的。不过，"我"知道那个时刻一直活在"我"心里，总有一天"我"们会再次相聚（together）。故选C。
（18）B.考查动词及语境理解。A.spend支出；B.stop停下；C.count计数；D.kill杀死。事实是，即使"我"们努力尝试，"我"们也无法让时间停止（stop）。根据下文All the photos can't keep it in place可知是停止。故选B。
（19）D.考查动词及语境理解。A.waste浪费；B.assess评估；C.record记录；D.live生活。也许"我"们应该真正地去品味（live）生活百味，而不仅仅是拍摄记录生活。根据下文instead of just filming them可知是生活。故选D。
（20）A.考查名词及语境理解。A.photograph照片；B.game游戏；C.mail邮件；D.face脸。也许最好的做法是真正开心地微笑，而不是为了拍一张照片（photograph）而微笑。故选A。
作者通过思考自身的经历收获了一些感悟：无论是老式的相机，还是现在给人们带来巨大便利的电脑或手机带有的摄像机，它们都可以帮助人们保留一些生活中的美好时刻，但时间是不会停止的，人们最应该做的事情是快乐地过好每一天。
做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全部填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅，用词得当，意思正确。

41.【答案】that
【解析】（1）考查强调句。句意：直到20世纪中期，中国才建立起有规划的、全面的医疗卫生保健网络系统。本句为强调句，强调句型为it is+被强调部分+that，此处强调了时间状语，故填that。
（2）考查不可数名词。句意：人们广为认可的是中国的医疗保健已经有了很大的改善。作宾语，所以用名词，表示抽象概念，为不可数名词，故填improvement。
（3）考查冠词。句意：目前，中国已经成为一个国内生产总值快速增长的中等收入国家，但高质量的医疗保险服务仍难以覆盖大多数人，特别是在中国最偏远的西藏。名词country为可数名词，此处为"一个……国家"，泛指，且middle-income发音以辅音音素开头，所以用不定冠词a。故填a。
（4）考查形容词比较级。句意：目前，中国已经成为一个国内生产总值快速增长的中等收入国家，但高质量的医疗保险服务仍难以覆盖大多数人，特别是在中国最偏远的西藏。根据后面的than可知，空处为形容词比较级。故填remoter。
（5）考查可数名词的复数。句意：现在每个国家都面临着各种各样的挑战，但我相信每个国家都有自己的解决办法。前面有various，所以用名词复数，故填challenges。
（6）考查动词不定式。句意：作为一名中国政府奖学金获得者，我在北京大学医学部攻读临床医学专业，我想谈谈医疗系统面临的挑战，这在菲律宾也是一个棘手的问题。故would like to do sth."想要做某事"，为固定搭配，填to talk 。
（7）考查动名词。句意：从医生的缺乏到医疗费用的增加，问题一直存在。结合句意表达"一直做某事"用keep doing sth.。故填ranging。
（8）考查代词。句意：幸运的是，政策制定者和政府官员已经开始采取行动。作宾语，所以用宾格代词，故填them。
（9）考查介词。句意：近年来，由于经济的快速增长，中国政府克服了挑战，通过适当的计划逐步解决了问题，为其他国家树立了榜样。固定短语thanks to"多亏了，由于"。故填to。
（10）考查副词。句意：近年来，由于经济的快速增长，中国政府克服了挑战，通过适当的计划逐步解决了问题，为其他国家树立了榜样。修饰动词solve用副词形式。故填gradually。
本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国作为目前在医疗保健上所获得的成绩以及需要提高的地方。作者认为中国为其他国家做了一个良好的榜样。
做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识。

42.【答案】Whenever we are faced with problems，cooperation         an important part in getting us out of trouble.There was a time when I was        proud that I overlooked my classmates，refusing to work together with them.       ，there was no doubt that I was left alone，        from loneliness and failure.       ，a teacher impressed on me the value of cooperation.From then on，I learned to help        and turn to my friends for help whenever I         difficulty finishing a task on my own.Surely cooperation made a great difference.Now I am getting on well∧ my friends.My experience has been taught me that only if we attach great         to cooperation can we go beyond ourselves.
详解：
（1）play改为plays.考查主谓一致。句意：无论何时你面临困难，合作在帮你摆脱困境中起着重要的作用。主语cooperation为不可数名词，所以谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式，故play改为plays。
（2）too改为so.考查固定句型。句意：有一段时间，我很骄傲，我忽视了我的同学，拒绝和他们一起工作。分析可知，此处为so...that..."如此……以致于......"引导的结果状语从句，故too改成so。
（3）However改为Therefore.考查副词。句意：有一段时间，我很骄傲，我忽视了我的同学，拒绝和他们一起工作。根据句意可知，前后文之间为因果关系，故应用therefore"因此"，故However改为Therefore。
（4）suffer改为suffering.考查现在分词。句意：因此，毫无疑问，我孤身一人，遭受着孤独和失败。分析可知，此处指代前面句子的结果，所以应用现在分词作结果状语，故suffer改为suffering。
（5）Unfortunately改为Fortunately.考查副词。句意：幸运的是，一位老师让我认识到了合作的价值。结合句意可知，此处表示"幸运地是"，故应用fortunately，故Unfortunately改为Fortunately。
（6）other改为others.考查代词。句意：从那以后，我学会了帮助别人，每当我一个人完成一个任务有困难的时候，我会向我的朋友寻求帮助。动词help后应用others"其他人"作宾语，other"其他的"，形容词，不符合题意，故other改为others。
（7）have改为had.考查时态。句意：从那以后，我学会了帮助别人，每当我一个人完成一个任务有困难的时候，我会向我的朋友寻求帮助。结合语境及主句谓语learned可知，此处应用一般过去时，故have改为had。
（8）well后加with.考查介词。句意：现在我和朋友们相处得很好。表示"与某人相处得好"应用get on well with sb，故well后加with。
（9）去掉been.考查动词语态。句意：我的经验告诉我，只有高度重视合作，才能超越自我。动词teach和主语my experience之间是主动关系，应用主动语态，故去掉been。
（10）important改为importance.考查不可数名词。句意：我的经验告诉我，只有高度重视合作，才能超越自我。分析可知，此处应用名词作宾语，importance"重要性"为不可数名词，故important改为importance。
【解析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章作者通过自己的经历告诉了我们合作的重要性。
短文改错时要注意以下几点：1.快速阅读，整体把握短文大意；2.重视语境以及上下文的关系；3.充分运用基础语言知识找出错误所在。

43.【答案】Dear Peter，
    I am delighted to share with you a cultural activity organized recently in our school.（写信目的）
    The cultural activity containing many interesting and meaningful dramas，aims to improve students' awareness and knowledge of Chinese history.（活动的意义）I also participated in one，which was about the New Culture Movement.【高分句型一】My team spent a lot of time in writing and revising the plot and lines.After that，we sat down and read the lines，interacting with each other and discussing how to perform better.【高分句型二】And I could say for sure that our efforts paid off finally.Our performance received a lot of praise and admiration.（活动的内容）
   We do learn a lot of our country's history from this drama and understand that we should cherish our happy and peaceful life.（参加活动的感想）
Yours，
Li Hua
【解析】高分句型一
I also participated in one，which was about the New Culture Movement.
翻译：我还参加了一个关于新文化运动的活动。
分析：句子里，one作先行词，关系词which引导非限制性定语从句was about the New Culture Movement。
高分句型二
After that，we sat down and read the lines，interacting with each other and discussing how to perform better.
翻译：之后，我们坐下来读台词，相互交流，讨论如何表现得更好。
分析：句子里，现在分词短语interacting with each other and discussing how to perform better作伴随状语。
写作步骤：
第一步：审题，确定体裁格式、主体时态、中心人称和内容要点，避免填表式或履历表式表达。
第二步：拟定提纲，创造良好的开端；叙述得体，布局谋篇；巧妙过渡，完美结尾。
第三步：遣词造句，套用句型，上下衔接，地道表达，行文成篇（注意"参考词汇"的提示作用）。