2021-2022学年山西省长治一中高二（下）练考英语试卷（5月份）（含答案解析）

2021-2022学年山西省长治一中高二（下）练考英语试卷（5月份）

A

    Deputy Agriculture Secretary Kathleen Merrigan sees an epidemic (流行病) sweeping across America's farmland. It has little to do with the usual challenges, such as flood, rising fuel prices and crop-eating insects. The country's farmers are getting older, and there are fewer people standing in line to take their place. National agricultural census (普查) figures show that the fastest-growing group of farmers is the part over 65. Merrigan is afraid the average age will be even higher when the 2012 statistics are completed.
    Merrigan, a former college professor, is making stops at universities across the country in hopes of encouraging more students to think about careers in agriculture. Aside from trying to stop the graying of America's farmers, her work is made tougher by a recent blog posting that put agriculture at No.1 on a list of "useless" college degrees. Top federal agriculture officials are talking about the posting, and it has the attention of agricultural organizations across the country.
    "There couldn't be anything that's more incorrect." Merrigan said. "We know that there aren't enough qualified graduates to fill the jobs that are out there in American agriculture."
    In addition, a growing world population that some experts predict will require 70% more food production by 2050, she said.
    "I truly believe we're at a golden age of agriculture. Global demand is at an all-time record high, and global supplies are at all-time record lows," said Matt Rush, director of the Texas Farm Bureau. "Production costs are going to be valuable enough that younger people are going to have the opportunity to be involved in agriculture."
    The Department of Agriculture has programs aimed at developing more farmers and at increasing interest in locally grown food. The National Young Farmers' Coalition has also been pushing for state and federal policy changes to make it easier for new farmers.
    Ryan Best, president of Future Farmers of America, has been living out of a suitcase, traveling the country and visiting with high school students about careers in agriculture. The 21-year-old Best hopes his message—that this is a new time in agriculture—will motivate the next generation to turn around the statistics. "Never before have we had the innovations(创新) in technology which have led to agriculture in this country being the most efficient it has ever been," he said. "There's really a place for everybody to fit in."

1.  What is the new challenge to American agriculture? ______

A. Fewer and older farmers. B. Higher fuel prices.
C. More natural disasters. D. Lower agricultural output.

2.  Why is Merrigan visiting universities across the country? ______

A. To draw federal agriculture officials' attention.
B. To select qualified agriculture graduates.
C. To clarify a recent blog posting.
D. To talk more students into farming careers.

3.  According to Matt Rush, American agriculture will provide opportunities for younger people because ______.

A. the government will cover production costs
B. global food supplies will be even lower
C. investment in agriculture will be profitable
D. America will increase its food export

4.  What do the underlined words "to turn around the statistics" in the last paragraph mean? ______

A. To reanalyze the result of the national census.
B. To increase agricultural production.
C. To bring down the average age of farmers.
D. To invest more in agriculture.

5.  假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：（1）每处错误及其修改均仅限一词。
（2）只允许修改10处，多者（从11处起）不计分。
The good communication between parents and children are very important.If we don't communicate with our parents properly,we may find it difficulty to get their support when we are in need of help.How should we do to improve our communication with our parents？Firstly,we should listen to our parents patient when they give us advices.It can serve as short cut to solve your problems.Secondly,we should be honest with our parents.If we disagree with them,we should let them to know.Last but not least,we should always trust our parents and see them for our friends.It is always easy for us to communicating with friends.

6.  假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：（1）每处错误及其修改均仅限一词。
（2）只允许修改10处，多者（从11处起）不计分。
Yesterday I met a young student,that came from the USA，in the Palace Museum.It was first time that I had met a foreigner,so I went to greet her in English.He told me that he was a college student travel in China and he liked China very much.I volunteered to show him around to the museum.He was impressed by the Chinese buildings and busy taking photo all the time.He said he hadn't seen so beautiful buildings before.After that,we go boating on a lake but had good time together.I was very glad to have the chance to improve my speaking English.

7.  假如你是李华，为了让更多学生认识中国汉字的魅力，你校下周将举办中国书法艺术展览。请写一封信邀请你的好朋友Martin来参加此次艺术展览。内容包括：
1.活动时间，地点以及目的。
2.书法艺术展览的主要内容。
注意：词数100左右，可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。请把作文誊写在专用作文纸上。

答案和解析

1~4.【答案】A、D、C、C

【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇政治经济类阅读文章，主要介绍了美国在农业方面面临农民人数少，年龄偏大的问题，同时还缺少专业大学生从事农业生产。
1. 根据第一段的The country's farmers are getting older, and there are fewer people standing in line to take their place.（这个国家的农民正在变老，而排队接替他们位置的人越来越少。）可知，美国农业正面临农民越来越少，年龄越来越大的挑战。故选A。
2. 根据第二段中的Merrigan, a former college professor, is making stops at universities across the country in hopes of encouraging more students to think about careers in agriculture.（梅里根，前大学教授，正在全国各地的大学停留，希望鼓励更多的学生考虑从事农业生产。）可知，Merrigan访问大学是想鼓励更多的学生从事农业生产行业。故选D。
3. 根据第五段中的I truly believe we're at a golden age of agriculture. Global demand is at an all-time record high, and global supplies are at all-time record lows（我真的相信我们正处于农业的黄金时代。全球需求处于历史最高水平，而全球供应处于历史最低水平）可知，Matt Rush认为，全球对农业的需求大于供应。所以可推断出，在农业上投资肯定会获利。故选C。
4. 文章第一段最后Merrigan is afraid the average age will be even higher when the 2012 statistics are completed.；再结合最后一段提到的“贝斯特到全国各地会见那些有志于农业的高中生”及“这是一个创业的新时代”可推测出，他希望激励年轻人去扭转“农民平均年龄偏高”的现状。由此可见，statistics指的是“农民平均年龄偏高”这个统计结果，所以，to turn around the statistics在本文中指“降低农民的平均年龄”，故选C。
 

5.【答案】The good communication between parents and children         very important.If we don't communicate with our parents properly,we may find it         to get their support when we are in need of help.        should we do to improve our communication with our parents？Firstly,we should listen to our parents         when they give us        .It can serve as ∧short cut to solve         problems.Secondly,we should be honest with our parents.If we disagree with them,we should let them to know.Last but not least,we should always trust our parents and see them        our friends.It is always easy for us to         with friends.详解：
1．are改为is.考查主谓一致。句意：父母和孩子之间的良好沟通非常重要。分析可知，句子主语为the good communication,为单数概念，所以be动词应用单数形式。故are改为is。
2．difficulty改为difficult.考查形容词。句意：如果我们不与父母进行适当的沟通，当我们需要帮助时，我们可能会发现很难得到他们的支持。分析可知，此处应用形容词作宾补。故difficulty改为difficult。
3．How改为What.考查疑问词。句意：我们应该做些什么来改善与父母的沟通呢？分析可知，疑问词在句中作宾语，表示"…的事情"，所以应用what引导。故How改为What。
4．patient改为patiently.考查副词。句意：首先，当父母给我们建议时，我们应该耐心地听取他们的意见。修饰动词短语listen to应用副词形式作状语。故patient改为patiently。
5．advices改为advice.考查不可数名词。句意：首先，当父母给我们建议时，我们应该耐心地听取他们的意见。advice"建议"是不可数名词，无复数。故advices改为advice。
6．short前加a.考查冠词。句意：它可以作为解决我们问题的捷径。结合语境可知，此处表泛指，表示"一个捷径"，应用不定冠词，且short的发音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。故short前加a。
7．your改为our.考查代词。句意：它可以作为解决我们问题的捷径。根据上下文可知，此处指我们这些孩子的问题，所以应用our修饰名词problems。故your改为our。
8．去掉know前的to.考查固定搭配。句意：如果我们不同意他们，我们应该让他们知道。let sb do sth"让某人做某事"，固定用法。故去掉know前的to。
9．for改为as.考查介词。句意：最后但同样重要的是，我们应该始终信任父母，并将他们视为我们的朋友。结合句意可知，此处表示把父母当作朋友，故应用介词as表"当作"。故for改为as。
10．communicating改为communicate.考查动词不定式。句意：对我们来说，与朋友交流总是很容易的。分析可知，句中it为形式主语，后面应用不定式作真正的宾语，故动词应用原形。故communicating改为communicate。

【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了父母和孩子之间良好沟通的方法。
短文改错时要注意以下几点：1.快速阅读，整体把握短文大意；2.重视语境以及上下文的关系；3.充分运用基础语言知识找出错误所在。
 

6.【答案】Yesterday I met a young student,        came from the USA，in the Palace Museum.It was ∧first time that I had met a foreigner,so I went to greet        in English.He told me that he was a college student         in China and he liked China very much.I volunteered to show him around to the museum.He was impressed by the Chinese buildings and busy taking         all the time.He said he hadn't seen         beautiful buildings before.After that,we         boating on a lake         had good time together.I was very glad to have the chance to improve my         English.
详解：
1．that改为who.考查定语从句关系词。句意：昨天，在故宫博物院，我遇到了一个来自美国的年轻学生。分析可知，此处引导的是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词为a student,指人，在定语从句中作主语，故应用关系代词who引导。故that改为who。
2．first前加the.考查冠词。句意：这是我第一次见到一个外国人，所以我用英语去跟他打招呼。根据句意表示"第一次"，应用固定短语the first time  。故first前加the。
3．her改为him.考查代词。句意：这是我第一次见到一个外国人，所以我用英语去跟他打招呼。根据下文He told me that he was a college student可知，这名美国学生是男性，宾格应用him。故her改为him。
4．travel改为traveling/travelling.考查现在分词。句意：他告诉我，他是一个在中国旅游的大学生，他非常喜欢中国。分析可知，此处应用非谓语形式作定语修饰名词a student,a student与动词travel之间为主动关系，应用现在分词形式traveling或travelling作定语。故travel改为traveling/travelling。
5．去掉around后的to.考查介词。句意：我自愿带他参观博物馆。show sb.around"带领某人参观某地"，around是介词，后面接表达地点的名词，故此处to是多余的。故去掉around后的to。
6．photo改为photos.考查可数名词复数。句意：他对中国的建筑印象深刻，一直忙于拍照。photo"照片"，是可数名词，前面无不定冠词修饰，故应用复数形式表泛指。故photo改为photos。
7．so改为such.考查形容词。句意：他说他以前从未见过这么漂亮的建筑物。so一般修饰形容词或副词，此处修饰名词buildings,应用形容词such,构成"such+形容词+复数名词"结构。故so改为such。
8．go改为went.考查时态。句意：在那之后，我们在湖上划船，一起玩得很愉快。结合上文可知，文章是在讲述昨天发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故go改为went。
9．but改为and.考查连词。句意：在那之后，我们在湖上划船，一起玩得很愉快。分析句子可知，前后文之间为并列或顺承关系，应用and连接。故but改为and。
10．speaking改为spoken.考查固定短语。句意：我很高兴有机会提高我的英语口语。表示"英语口语"应用spoken English。故speaking改为spoken。

【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者昨天与一个外国的学生一起游故宫的故事。
短文改错时要注意以下几点：1.快速阅读，整体把握短文大意；2.重视语境以及上下文的关系；3.充分运用基础语言知识找出错误所在。
 

7.【答案】Dear Martin,
  I am writing to inform you of good news that our school will hold a Chinese calligraphy art exhibition next week in order to let more students know the charm of Chinese characters.（活动目的）
   This Chinese calligraphy art exhibition are going to take place in our school library,lasting from 8：00 am to 6：00 pm next Sunday.【高分句型一】（活动时间和地点）As you know,written Chinese has a long history,dating back to thousands of years ago,which has a great effect on China's culture and history.【高分句型二】In the exhibition,you will enjoy many Chinese calligraphy works from calligraphy lovers.Furthermore,an outstanding calligrapher will create some works on the spot.（书法艺术展览的主要内容）
   It is a good chance for us Chinese calligraphy art lovers.I am looking forward to pay a visit with you.（提出邀请）
   Best wishes!
Yours,
Li Hua

【解析】高分句型一
 This Chinese calligraphy art exhibition are going to take place in our school library,lasting from 8：00 am to 6：00 pm next Sunday.
翻译：这次中国书法艺术展将于下周日上午8：00至下午6：00在我校图书馆举行。
分析：句子里，现在分词短语lasting from 8：00 am to 6：00 pm next Sunday作伴随状语。
高分句型二
As you know,written Chinese has a long history,dating back to thousands of years ago,which has a great effect on China's culture and history.
翻译：正如你所知，汉字书法有着悠久的历史，可以追溯到数千年前，这对中国的文化和历史产生了巨大的影响。
分析：句子里，As引导非限制性定语从句you know,代指主句written Chinese has a long history；现在分词dating back to thousands of years ago作状语；关系词which引导非限制性定语从句has a great effect on China's culture and history。
写作时，考生要尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，尽可能的使用较复杂的句子结构，尽量使用高级词汇以便得到较高的分数。写作是一个厚积薄发的过程，是一项将积累释放于一时的过程。积累越深厚，释放就越精彩；积累越科学，释放就越有效。