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人教版 (2019)必修 第二册Unit 1 Cultural Heritage公开课课件ppt
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这是一份人教版 (2019)必修 第二册Unit 1 Cultural Heritage公开课课件ppt，共40页。PPT课件主要包含了Grammar，Activity 1，Activity 2，Activity 3，Activity 4，Activity 5，Activity 6，单元语法定语从句，核心词汇等内容，欢迎下载使用。
Lk at the sentences belw and underline the relative prnuns and adverbs.·After listening t the scientists wh had studied the prblem，and citizens wh lived near the dam，the gvernment turned t the United Natins fr help.·Temples and ther cultural sites were taken dwn piece by piece，and then mved and put back tgether again in a place where they were safe frm the water.
Describe peple r things in greater detail
Find mre sentences cntaining relative clauses frm the text n page 4，and discuss briefly with a partner the majr functins f them. Then make a shrt summary in a table r mindmap.·There cmes a time when the ld must give way t the new... ·Perhaps the best example is shwn by UNESCO，which runs a prgramme that prevents wrld cultural heritage sites arund the wrld frm disappearing.
Rewrite the sentences using relative clauses.
1 He shwed me a pht in his rm. It was a pht f a famus cultural relic in Egypt. → The pht ________________________________________________________________________. 2 The prject team helped prtect the natinal parks in the United Republic f Tanzania. It was frmed by members frm fifteen cuntries. → The prject team __________________________________________________________________ .
EXAMPLE I have dwnladed that free app，but it desn’t wrk well. → The free app（which/that）I have dwnladed desn’t wrk well.
（which/that）he shwed me in his rm was f a famus cultural relic in Egypt
whse members were frm fifteen cuntries helped prtect the natinal parks in the United Republic f Tanzania.
关系代词在从句中作宾语，可以省略
3 This temple was first built during the Qin Dynasty. → The time________________________________________________________________________ . 4 We met a prfessinal archaelgist at the entrance t the Great Pyramid. He explained t us the prcess f building such a difficult structure. → The prfessinal archaelgist________________________________________________________ . 5 The dcuments abut the cultural relics frm verseas are under the desk. I fund them yesterday. → The place_____________________________________________________________________________ . 6 Scientists wrked tgether day and night t rescue the temple because they wanted t preserve it fr the next generatin. → The reasn___________________________________________________________________________ .
when this temple was first built was during the Qin Dynasty
（wh/whm）we met at the entrance t the Great Pyramid explained t us the prcess f building such a difficult structure
where I fund the dcuments abut the cultural relics frm verseas yesterday is under the desk
why scientists wrked tgether day and night t rescue the temple is that they wanted t preserve it fr the next generatin
Wrk in pairs and play a game f definitins. One asks the questins belw and the ther answers them with relative clauses. Wrk ut tw mre questins f yur wn.
EXAMPLE A：What is an exit? B：An exit is the dr where/thrugh which yu can leave a building.
1 What’s a library?（frm/in which；where） A library is a place frm/in which yu can brrw bks. ORA library is a place where yu can brrw bks. 2 What’s a gd friend?（t whm；wh） A gd friend is smene t whm yu can tell yur prblems. OR A gd friend is smene wh yu can tell yur prblems t.
提示：关系副词（when/where/why）根据句中具体的意义可以转化成“介词 + 关系代词which”，如句1
3 What’s a vacatin?（during which；when） A vacatin is a time during which yu dn’t wrk. OR A vacatin is a time when yu dn’t wrk. 4 What’s a ftball cach?（frm whm；wh）A ftball cach is smene frm whm ftball players receive training. OR A ftball cach is smene wh trains ftball players.
提示：关系副词（when/where/why）根据句中具体的意义可以转化成“介词 + 关系代词which”，如句3
Wrk ut tw mre questins f yur wn.
A：What’s a giraffe? B：A giraffe is an animal that has a lng neck. A：What’s a dentist? B：A dentist is smene wh lks after yur teeth.
wh whm whse that which when where why
1 That is the site _________ they discvered caves full f Buddha statues.2 Des anybdy knw the reasn_________ he refused t sign the dcument?3 Sue is the persn t _________ I sent the text message yesterday.4My brther wrks in a cafe _________ tp-quality Italian fd is served.5 This is the archaelgist _________ discvered the Inca ruins.6 On the way hme, he helped a yung man _________ car had brken dwn.7 Tasmania is the mst unfrgettable place ____________ I have ever been t.8 In Eurpean cuntries, the weekend is usually a time _________ nbdy ges t wrk.9. This is the stry in __________the valuable blue and white prcelain vase frm the Ming Dynasty was finally returned t its wner.
Chse the crrect wrds t fill in the blanks. (WORKBOOK P62 EX. 1)
（that/which）
1 Last winter we saw the well-preserved temple fr the first time. I will remember it frever.2 I met a German scientist at the party last week. He is likely t be wrking in ur city.3 This is the bkshp. I fund a bk abut Liang Sicheng's cntributin t prtecting China's cultural heritage in it.
Jin the tw sentences using relative clauses. Then translate them int Chinese.
I will remember frever the time last winter when we first saw the well-preserved temple.
我会永远记得去年冬天的那一刻，就在那一刻我们第一次看到那座保存完好的寺庙。
I met a German scientist wh is likely t be wrking in ur city at the party last week.
上周的聚会上我遇到了一位德国科学家，这位科学家可能会在我们城市工作。
This is the bkshp where I fund a bk abut Liang Sicheng’s cntributin t prtecting China’s cultural heritage.
这就是那家书店，我在里面找到了一本书，书中讲述了梁思成对中国文化遗产保护所做出的贡献。
(WORKBOOK P63 EX. 2)
4 The by's prpsal was helpful and practical Mst f the students agreed with him.5 He des nt identify happiness with mney. That is the reasn.6 The cmmittee was established last year. It plays an imprtant rle in envirnmental prtectin.
Mst f the students agreed with the by whse prpsal was helpful and practical.
多数学生都赞同那个男孩，认为他的建议既有用又可行。
That is the reasn why he des nt identify happiness with mney.
这就是他不把幸福等同于金钱的原因。
The cmmittee which was established last year plays an imprtant rle in envirnmental prtectin.
去年成立的委员会在环境保护方面发挥了重要的作用。
1 This is the mnth during which we'd like t travel arund. This is the mnth when we’d like t travel arund. 2 She gave a lecture in the hall in which we interviewed a famus Beijing pera actr last week. She gave a lecture in the hall where we interviewed a famus Beijing pera actr last week. 3 Lillian wrks in a gvernment ffice in which there are many different departments. Lillian wrks in a gvernment ffice where there are many different departments. 4 Finding a jb as a histry teacher in anther schl was the reasn fr which I mved. Finding a jb as a histry teacher in anther schl was the reasn why I mved.
Rewrite the sentences by replacing prep + which/whm with when/ hw/where/why.
(WORKBOOK P63 EX. 3)
5 Summer is the seasn in which it is best t practise utside with yur team. Summer is the seasn when it is best t practise utside with yur team. 6 The Lngmen Grttes were the place in which I met the famus artist wh shwed me many f his paintings and digital phts. The Lngmen Grttes were the place where I met the famus artist wh shwed me many f his paintings and digital phts. 7 I relied n my car until it brke dwn at the place at which the three rads met. I relied n my car until it brke dwn at the place where the three rads met. 8 It is a time at which the sun begins t set and the mn begins t rise. He likes t take phts frm the rf f his huse. He likes t take phts frm the rf f his huse at a time when the sun begins t set and the mn begins t rise.
1 关系代词和关系副词（1）关系代词指人：wh，whm，that指物：that，whichwhse=the+n. +f which/whmThe man wh is speaking at the meeting is an expert.在会议上发言的是一个专家。The wman whm they wanted t visit is a teacher.他们想要拜访的那位女士是一个老师。Ftball is a game which is lved by many bys.足球是许多男孩子喜欢的活动。The bk is intended fr the students whse native language is nt English. 这本书是专门为母语不是英语的人设计的。（2）关系副词when=n/in/at/during whichwhere=in/n/at/t which why=fr whichThis is the place where/in which I grew up. 这就是我长大的地方。
单句语法填空（1） ［2018·北京卷］ She and her family bicycle t wrk，__________helps them keep fit.（2） Dashan，__________has been learning crsstalk，the Chinese cmedic traditin，fr decades，wants t mix it up with the Western stand-up traditin.（3） Oppsite is St. Paul’s Church，__________ yu can hear sme lvely music.（4）Care f the sul is a gradual prcess __________ even the small details f life shuld becnsidered.
2 限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别（1）作用不同限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，不可去掉，否则主句意思不完整。非限制性定语从句对先行词进行补充说明，可去掉，去掉后主句意思仍完整。This is the best film（that）I have ever seen fr years.这是几年来我看过的最好的一部电影。She lst the match，which depressed her greatly.她输了比赛，这使她很沮丧。（2）形式不同限制性定语从句与主句不用逗号隔开，非限制性定语从句用逗号与主句隔开。
（3）先行词不同大多数限制性和非限制性定语从句的先行词往往为某一个词或短语，而特殊情况下非限制性定语从句的先行词也可为整个主句，此时非限制性定语从句常由 which 引导。The tw plicemen were cmpletely trusted，which in fact they were.那两个警察完全受到信任，事实上也确实如此。（4）关系词的使用情况不同①that 不可用于引导非限制性定语从句。②关系代词 whm 在限制性定语从句中作宾语时可用 wh 代替，但whm 在非限制性定语从句中作宾语时不可用 wh 来代替。③关系代词的省略情况不同：关系代词在限制性定语从句中作宾语时可省略，而非限制性定语从句的所有关系词均不可省略。He changed his mind，which made me very angry.他改变了主意，这使我很生气。
单句语法填空（1）The ld twn has narrw streets and small huses _____________ are built clse t each ther.（2） D yu still remember the chicken farm _____________we visited three mnths ag?（3） Finally he reached a lnely island __________ was cmpletely cut ff frm the utside wrld.（4） I brrwed the bk Sherlck Hlmes frm the library last week，__________my classmates recmmended t me.（5） Until nw，we have raised 50，000 punds fr the pr children，__________is quite unexpected.
英译汉（6）In ur schl there are eight freign teachers wh cme frm Australia.________________________________________________________________________（7） In ur schl there are eight freign teachers，wh cme frm Australia.________________________________________________________________________
我们学校有 8 位来自澳大利亚的外籍教师。（本句表达的意思是：我们学校有来自澳大利亚的外籍教师，还有不是来自澳大利亚的外籍教师。）
我们学校共有 8 位外籍教师，他们来自澳大利亚。（本句表达的意思是：我们学校共有 8 位外籍教师，他们全部来自澳大利亚。）
3 关系代词只用 that 不用 which（1）当先行词是 all，much，little，few，smething，anything，everything，nne，nthing 等不定代词时。Humans shuld take respnsibility fr smething that they have dne t the animals. 人类应该为他们对动物所做的事负责。Is there anything that yu want t buy in the shp?你在商店里有什么东西需要买吗？（2）当先行词被 the nly，the same，the very，the last，any，few，little，n，all 等限定词修饰时。This is the very bk that I want. 这正是我想要的那本书。（3）当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。This is the mst interesting stry that I have ever read.这是我读过的最有趣的故事。（4）先行词既包括人又包括物时。I can well remember the persns and sme pictures that I saw in the rm. 我能清楚地记得我在那个房间所见到的人和一些照片。（5）当主句是以 wh 或 which 开头的特殊疑问句时。Wh is the persn that is standing at the gate?站在门口的那个人是谁？
单句语法填空（1） Please send us all the infrmatin __________ yu have abut the candidate fr the psitin.（2） I refuse t accept the blame fr smething __________was smene else’s fault.（3） These articles are the very nes __________ shuld be read.（4） Chatting was the nly thing __________ interested her.（5）This is the best mvie __________I’ve ever seen.（6） She tk phtgraphs f the peple and things __________she was interested in.
4 关系代词只用 which 不用 that（1）当关系代词前有介词时，用 which 不用 that，但当介词在从句句末时，两者皆可。This is the pet dg fr which I paid five hundred punds.这就是那只我花了 500 英镑买下来的宠物狗。（2）引导非限制性语从句时只能用 which。Tm came back，which made us happy.汤姆回来了，这使我们很高兴。She is an artist，which I am nt.她是一位艺术家，而我不是。
单句语法填空（1） ［2018·江苏卷］ By bat is the nly way t get here，__________is hw we arrived.（2）The study suggests that the cultures we grw up in influence the basic prcesses by __________ we see the wrld arund us.（3） They invited me t the party，__________ made me very happy.
5 “介词 + 关系代词”引导定语从句n/in/at/during which=when in/n/at/t which=where fr which=why【学法点拨】关系代词前介词的确定：一先、二动、三意义。（1）一先：根据先行词确定介词；The schl in which he nce studied is very famus.他曾经就读过的学校非常有名。（2）二动：根据从句的谓语动词来确定介词；She is the girl t whm I talked just nw.她就是我刚才与之谈话的那个女孩。This is a prblem t which yu shuld pay attentin.这是一个你应该关注的问题。（3）三意义：根据从句的意义来确定介词。The clurless gas withut which we cannt live is called xygen.这种无色的气体称为氧气，离开了它我们不能生存。
单句语法填空（1） ［2019· 天 津 3 月 卷］ The curse nrmally attracts abut 100 students per year，f__________ up t half will be frm abrad.（2）Creating an atmsphere in __________ emplyees feel part f a team is a big challenge.（3）Sme experts think reading is the fundamental skill __________which schl educatin depends.（4） I’ll never frget the time __________which I was with my friends in the cuntryside.
6 “名词 / 代词 / 数词 + f + which / whm ”引导定语从句常见此类结构包括 sme/several/a few/a little/many/mre/mst...+f+which/whm。Here are the questins，sme f which I thught are t difficult fr yu.就是这些问题，其中一些我认为对你来说太难。Present at the meeting are experts n DNA，mst f whm cme frmthe USA. 出席会议的是 DNA 方面的专家，其中大部分来自美国。He wrte many children’s bks，nearly half f which were published in the 1990s.他写了许多儿童读物，几乎一半是在 20 世纪 90 年代出版的。
单句语法填空（1） Scientists have advanced many theries abut why human beings cry tears，nne f __________ has been prved.（2）Many yung peple，mst f __________ were well educated，headed fr remte regins tchase their dreams.（3）English is a language shared by several diverse cultures，each f __________ uses it differently.
7 as 引导的定语从句（1）当主句的先行词被 the same，as，such，s 等修饰时，应用 as 引导定语从句，as 可在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。The explrer tk nly such men and things as he really needed int the jungle. 这个探险者进入丛林时仅带了一些他确实需要的人和东西。（as 在定语从句中作 needed 的宾语）
（2）as引导非限制性定语从句时，指代整个主句，as意为“正如，正像”。as 引导的定语从句通常有以下固定的表达：as we all knw 正如大家所知道的as I can remember 正如我所记得的as ften happens 正如经常发生的那样as we expect 正如我们所预料的那样as yu see 如你所见as is well knwn 众所周知as was expected 正如预料的那样as is ften the case with... 对……而言这是常有的事As is ften the case，many peple cnsider it the gvernment’s duty t prtect the cultural heritage.很多人认为保护文化遗产是政府的职责，这是经常发生的事。As we expect，many effective measures are being taken fr the wildlife prtectin. 正如大家所期望的，为了野生动植物的保护，有效的措施正在被采用。
单句语法填空（1）__________is ften the case with children，Amy was better by the time the dctr arrived.（2）A lt f language learning，__________has been discvered，is happening in the firstyear f life，s parents shuld talk much t their children during that perid.（3） “Yu can’t judge a bk by its cver，”__________the ld saying ges.完成句子（4） 众所周知，中国是一个具有悠久历史的伟大国家。____________________ ，China is a great cuntry with a lng histry.（5） 我爷爷喜欢谈论过去的美好时光，这种情况在老年人中较为常见。My grandfather is fnd f talking abut the gd ld days，__________________________________.
As is well knwn
as is ften the case with ld peple
8 定语从句中的主谓一致问题（1）先行词是单数时，从句的谓语动词用单数形式；先行词是复数时，从句的谓语动词用复数形式。（2）ne f + 限定词 + 复数名词 + 关系代词 + 谓语动词的复数形式；the（nly，very，right）ne f+ 限定词 + 复数名词 + 关系代词 + 谓语动词的单数形式。Jeff is ne f the students wh were awarded.杰夫是当时受奖励的学生之一。Jeff is the nly ne f the students wh was awarded.杰夫是这些学生当中唯一一个受奖励的。（3）as，which 作主语引导非限制性定语从句，指主句时，从句谓语用单数形式。As is usual，he came t schl late this mrning again.像往常一样，他今天早晨上学又迟到了。
单句语法填空（1） Mr. Smith，wh __________（be）nw dwnstairs，is asking t see yu.（2） The Smiths，wh __________（be）nw dwnstairs，are asking t see yu.（3）Tm was ne f the bys wh __________（be）praised by the headmaster.（4） Tm was the nly ne f the bys wh__________（be）praised by the headmaster.（5） Liquid water changes int vapur，which__________（be）called evapratin.
Language pints
教材原句p. 6We met a prfessinal archaelgist at the entrance t the Great Pyramid . 我们在大金字塔的入口处遇见了一位专业的考古学家。
1 entrance n.（1）入口（处），大门（口），入口通道搭配：entrance t ……的入口 / 门口（t 表示“对象”“方向”）entrance f ……的入口 / 门口（f 表示“所属”）the entrance t the schl 学校入口处the frnt/back/side entrance f the huse 房子的前门 / 后门 / 侧门（2）进入；进入权；进入许可搭配：gain entrance t 获得进入……的许可Entrance t the museum is free. 进入博物馆参观是免费的。The plice were unable t gain entrance t the huse.警方未能得到进入这栋房子的许可。an entrance fee 入场费entrance examinatins 入学考试
【学法点拨】表示“……的入口”时，entrance 后跟介词 t，与此结构相同的短语还有许多。如：the answer t the questin（问题的答案），the key t the dr（门的钥匙），the slutin t the prblem（问题的解决办法）。【词语积累】（1）enter v. 进入；参加 enter fr 报名参加enter the rm 进入房间（2）［反］exit n. 出口，通道；退场 the exit f ……的出口
单句语法填空（1） Guests have free entrance __________the swimming pl and the health club.（2） His sudden __________（enter）tk everyne by surprise.（3） After he fund the entrance __________the building，he __________（enter）the hallwithut making a sund.（4） I’ll be waiting fr yu at the exit __________ Guangzhu Statin.（5） Dn’t wrry. There is n dubt that we will find a slutin __________the prblem.完成句子（6）_________________（……的入口）the meeting rm has already been clsed.（7）___________________（成功的关键）is hard wrk.(8) There’s ____________________（……没有简单的解决办法）this prblem.
The entrance t
The key t success
n simple slutin t
教材原句p. 6He explained t us the prcess f building such a difficult structure . 他向我们解释了建造如此困难的结构的过程。
2 prcess n. & vt.（1）n. 过程；进程；步骤in the prcess 同时；在……过程中搭配in the prcess f（ding）sth. 在（做）某事的过程中be in prcess（某事）正在进行It’s a nrmal part f the learning prcess.这是学习过程中的正常现象。We are in the prcess f selling ur huse.我们正在出售自家的住宅。Changes are in prcess. 变化正在发生。（2）vt. 处理；加工Mst f the fd we buy is prcessed in sme way.我们买的大部分食品都用某种方法加工过。【词语积累】prcessed adj. 经加工的，加工过的
完成句子（1）Her nvel ____________________（正在）being turned int a televisin series.（2）He was playing basketball and gt his leg hurt____________________（同时）.（3）Studies have shwn that the right and left ear____________________（处理声音不同）.单句语法填空（4） Increasing the number f wmen in tp management jbs will be __________slw prcess.（5）Sme peple dn’t like __________（prcess）vegetables.
is in the prcess f
in the prcess
prcess sund differently
Lk at the sentences belw and underline the relative prnuns and adverbs.·After listening t the scientists wh had studied the prblem，and citizens wh lived near the dam，the gvernment turned t the United Natins fr help.·Temples and ther cultural sites were taken dwn piece by piece，and then mved and put back tgether again in a place where they were safe frm the water.
Describe peple r things in greater detail
Find mre sentences cntaining relative clauses frm the text n page 4，and discuss briefly with a partner the majr functins f them. Then make a shrt summary in a table r mindmap.·There cmes a time when the ld must give way t the new... ·Perhaps the best example is shwn by UNESCO，which runs a prgramme that prevents wrld cultural heritage sites arund the wrld frm disappearing.
Rewrite the sentences using relative clauses.
1 He shwed me a pht in his rm. It was a pht f a famus cultural relic in Egypt. → The pht ________________________________________________________________________. 2 The prject team helped prtect the natinal parks in the United Republic f Tanzania. It was frmed by members frm fifteen cuntries. → The prject team __________________________________________________________________ .
EXAMPLE I have dwnladed that free app，but it desn’t wrk well. → The free app（which/that）I have dwnladed desn’t wrk well.
（which/that）he shwed me in his rm was f a famus cultural relic in Egypt
whse members were frm fifteen cuntries helped prtect the natinal parks in the United Republic f Tanzania.
关系代词在从句中作宾语，可以省略
3 This temple was first built during the Qin Dynasty. → The time________________________________________________________________________ . 4 We met a prfessinal archaelgist at the entrance t the Great Pyramid. He explained t us the prcess f building such a difficult structure. → The prfessinal archaelgist________________________________________________________ . 5 The dcuments abut the cultural relics frm verseas are under the desk. I fund them yesterday. → The place_____________________________________________________________________________ . 6 Scientists wrked tgether day and night t rescue the temple because they wanted t preserve it fr the next generatin. → The reasn___________________________________________________________________________ .
when this temple was first built was during the Qin Dynasty
（wh/whm）we met at the entrance t the Great Pyramid explained t us the prcess f building such a difficult structure
where I fund the dcuments abut the cultural relics frm verseas yesterday is under the desk
why scientists wrked tgether day and night t rescue the temple is that they wanted t preserve it fr the next generatin
Wrk in pairs and play a game f definitins. One asks the questins belw and the ther answers them with relative clauses. Wrk ut tw mre questins f yur wn.
EXAMPLE A：What is an exit? B：An exit is the dr where/thrugh which yu can leave a building.
1 What’s a library?（frm/in which；where） A library is a place frm/in which yu can brrw bks. ORA library is a place where yu can brrw bks. 2 What’s a gd friend?（t whm；wh） A gd friend is smene t whm yu can tell yur prblems. OR A gd friend is smene wh yu can tell yur prblems t.
提示：关系副词（when/where/why）根据句中具体的意义可以转化成“介词 + 关系代词which”，如句1
3 What’s a vacatin?（during which；when） A vacatin is a time during which yu dn’t wrk. OR A vacatin is a time when yu dn’t wrk. 4 What’s a ftball cach?（frm whm；wh）A ftball cach is smene frm whm ftball players receive training. OR A ftball cach is smene wh trains ftball players.
提示：关系副词（when/where/why）根据句中具体的意义可以转化成“介词 + 关系代词which”，如句3
Wrk ut tw mre questins f yur wn.
A：What’s a giraffe? B：A giraffe is an animal that has a lng neck. A：What’s a dentist? B：A dentist is smene wh lks after yur teeth.
wh whm whse that which when where why
1 That is the site _________ they discvered caves full f Buddha statues.2 Des anybdy knw the reasn_________ he refused t sign the dcument?3 Sue is the persn t _________ I sent the text message yesterday.4My brther wrks in a cafe _________ tp-quality Italian fd is served.5 This is the archaelgist _________ discvered the Inca ruins.6 On the way hme, he helped a yung man _________ car had brken dwn.7 Tasmania is the mst unfrgettable place ____________ I have ever been t.8 In Eurpean cuntries, the weekend is usually a time _________ nbdy ges t wrk.9. This is the stry in __________the valuable blue and white prcelain vase frm the Ming Dynasty was finally returned t its wner.
Chse the crrect wrds t fill in the blanks. (WORKBOOK P62 EX. 1)
（that/which）
1 Last winter we saw the well-preserved temple fr the first time. I will remember it frever.2 I met a German scientist at the party last week. He is likely t be wrking in ur city.3 This is the bkshp. I fund a bk abut Liang Sicheng's cntributin t prtecting China's cultural heritage in it.
Jin the tw sentences using relative clauses. Then translate them int Chinese.
I will remember frever the time last winter when we first saw the well-preserved temple.
我会永远记得去年冬天的那一刻，就在那一刻我们第一次看到那座保存完好的寺庙。
I met a German scientist wh is likely t be wrking in ur city at the party last week.
上周的聚会上我遇到了一位德国科学家，这位科学家可能会在我们城市工作。
This is the bkshp where I fund a bk abut Liang Sicheng’s cntributin t prtecting China’s cultural heritage.
这就是那家书店，我在里面找到了一本书，书中讲述了梁思成对中国文化遗产保护所做出的贡献。
(WORKBOOK P63 EX. 2)
4 The by's prpsal was helpful and practical Mst f the students agreed with him.5 He des nt identify happiness with mney. That is the reasn.6 The cmmittee was established last year. It plays an imprtant rle in envirnmental prtectin.
Mst f the students agreed with the by whse prpsal was helpful and practical.
多数学生都赞同那个男孩，认为他的建议既有用又可行。
That is the reasn why he des nt identify happiness with mney.
这就是他不把幸福等同于金钱的原因。
The cmmittee which was established last year plays an imprtant rle in envirnmental prtectin.
去年成立的委员会在环境保护方面发挥了重要的作用。
1 This is the mnth during which we'd like t travel arund. This is the mnth when we’d like t travel arund. 2 She gave a lecture in the hall in which we interviewed a famus Beijing pera actr last week. She gave a lecture in the hall where we interviewed a famus Beijing pera actr last week. 3 Lillian wrks in a gvernment ffice in which there are many different departments. Lillian wrks in a gvernment ffice where there are many different departments. 4 Finding a jb as a histry teacher in anther schl was the reasn fr which I mved. Finding a jb as a histry teacher in anther schl was the reasn why I mved.
Rewrite the sentences by replacing prep + which/whm with when/ hw/where/why.
(WORKBOOK P63 EX. 3)
5 Summer is the seasn in which it is best t practise utside with yur team. Summer is the seasn when it is best t practise utside with yur team. 6 The Lngmen Grttes were the place in which I met the famus artist wh shwed me many f his paintings and digital phts. The Lngmen Grttes were the place where I met the famus artist wh shwed me many f his paintings and digital phts. 7 I relied n my car until it brke dwn at the place at which the three rads met. I relied n my car until it brke dwn at the place where the three rads met. 8 It is a time at which the sun begins t set and the mn begins t rise. He likes t take phts frm the rf f his huse. He likes t take phts frm the rf f his huse at a time when the sun begins t set and the mn begins t rise.
1 关系代词和关系副词（1）关系代词指人：wh，whm，that指物：that，whichwhse=the+n. +f which/whmThe man wh is speaking at the meeting is an expert.在会议上发言的是一个专家。The wman whm they wanted t visit is a teacher.他们想要拜访的那位女士是一个老师。Ftball is a game which is lved by many bys.足球是许多男孩子喜欢的活动。The bk is intended fr the students whse native language is nt English. 这本书是专门为母语不是英语的人设计的。（2）关系副词when=n/in/at/during whichwhere=in/n/at/t which why=fr whichThis is the place where/in which I grew up. 这就是我长大的地方。
单句语法填空（1） ［2018·北京卷］ She and her family bicycle t wrk，__________helps them keep fit.（2） Dashan，__________has been learning crsstalk，the Chinese cmedic traditin，fr decades，wants t mix it up with the Western stand-up traditin.（3） Oppsite is St. Paul’s Church，__________ yu can hear sme lvely music.（4）Care f the sul is a gradual prcess __________ even the small details f life shuld becnsidered.
2 限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别（1）作用不同限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，不可去掉，否则主句意思不完整。非限制性定语从句对先行词进行补充说明，可去掉，去掉后主句意思仍完整。This is the best film（that）I have ever seen fr years.这是几年来我看过的最好的一部电影。She lst the match，which depressed her greatly.她输了比赛，这使她很沮丧。（2）形式不同限制性定语从句与主句不用逗号隔开，非限制性定语从句用逗号与主句隔开。
（3）先行词不同大多数限制性和非限制性定语从句的先行词往往为某一个词或短语，而特殊情况下非限制性定语从句的先行词也可为整个主句，此时非限制性定语从句常由 which 引导。The tw plicemen were cmpletely trusted，which in fact they were.那两个警察完全受到信任，事实上也确实如此。（4）关系词的使用情况不同①that 不可用于引导非限制性定语从句。②关系代词 whm 在限制性定语从句中作宾语时可用 wh 代替，但whm 在非限制性定语从句中作宾语时不可用 wh 来代替。③关系代词的省略情况不同：关系代词在限制性定语从句中作宾语时可省略，而非限制性定语从句的所有关系词均不可省略。He changed his mind，which made me very angry.他改变了主意，这使我很生气。
单句语法填空（1）The ld twn has narrw streets and small huses _____________ are built clse t each ther.（2） D yu still remember the chicken farm _____________we visited three mnths ag?（3） Finally he reached a lnely island __________ was cmpletely cut ff frm the utside wrld.（4） I brrwed the bk Sherlck Hlmes frm the library last week，__________my classmates recmmended t me.（5） Until nw，we have raised 50，000 punds fr the pr children，__________is quite unexpected.
英译汉（6）In ur schl there are eight freign teachers wh cme frm Australia.________________________________________________________________________（7） In ur schl there are eight freign teachers，wh cme frm Australia.________________________________________________________________________
我们学校有 8 位来自澳大利亚的外籍教师。（本句表达的意思是：我们学校有来自澳大利亚的外籍教师，还有不是来自澳大利亚的外籍教师。）
我们学校共有 8 位外籍教师，他们来自澳大利亚。（本句表达的意思是：我们学校共有 8 位外籍教师，他们全部来自澳大利亚。）
3 关系代词只用 that 不用 which（1）当先行词是 all，much，little，few，smething，anything，everything，nne，nthing 等不定代词时。Humans shuld take respnsibility fr smething that they have dne t the animals. 人类应该为他们对动物所做的事负责。Is there anything that yu want t buy in the shp?你在商店里有什么东西需要买吗？（2）当先行词被 the nly，the same，the very，the last，any，few，little，n，all 等限定词修饰时。This is the very bk that I want. 这正是我想要的那本书。（3）当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。This is the mst interesting stry that I have ever read.这是我读过的最有趣的故事。（4）先行词既包括人又包括物时。I can well remember the persns and sme pictures that I saw in the rm. 我能清楚地记得我在那个房间所见到的人和一些照片。（5）当主句是以 wh 或 which 开头的特殊疑问句时。Wh is the persn that is standing at the gate?站在门口的那个人是谁？
单句语法填空（1） Please send us all the infrmatin __________ yu have abut the candidate fr the psitin.（2） I refuse t accept the blame fr smething __________was smene else’s fault.（3） These articles are the very nes __________ shuld be read.（4） Chatting was the nly thing __________ interested her.（5）This is the best mvie __________I’ve ever seen.（6） She tk phtgraphs f the peple and things __________she was interested in.
4 关系代词只用 which 不用 that（1）当关系代词前有介词时，用 which 不用 that，但当介词在从句句末时，两者皆可。This is the pet dg fr which I paid five hundred punds.这就是那只我花了 500 英镑买下来的宠物狗。（2）引导非限制性语从句时只能用 which。Tm came back，which made us happy.汤姆回来了，这使我们很高兴。She is an artist，which I am nt.她是一位艺术家，而我不是。
单句语法填空（1） ［2018·江苏卷］ By bat is the nly way t get here，__________is hw we arrived.（2）The study suggests that the cultures we grw up in influence the basic prcesses by __________ we see the wrld arund us.（3） They invited me t the party，__________ made me very happy.
5 “介词 + 关系代词”引导定语从句n/in/at/during which=when in/n/at/t which=where fr which=why【学法点拨】关系代词前介词的确定：一先、二动、三意义。（1）一先：根据先行词确定介词；The schl in which he nce studied is very famus.他曾经就读过的学校非常有名。（2）二动：根据从句的谓语动词来确定介词；She is the girl t whm I talked just nw.她就是我刚才与之谈话的那个女孩。This is a prblem t which yu shuld pay attentin.这是一个你应该关注的问题。（3）三意义：根据从句的意义来确定介词。The clurless gas withut which we cannt live is called xygen.这种无色的气体称为氧气，离开了它我们不能生存。
单句语法填空（1） ［2019· 天 津 3 月 卷］ The curse nrmally attracts abut 100 students per year，f__________ up t half will be frm abrad.（2）Creating an atmsphere in __________ emplyees feel part f a team is a big challenge.（3）Sme experts think reading is the fundamental skill __________which schl educatin depends.（4） I’ll never frget the time __________which I was with my friends in the cuntryside.
6 “名词 / 代词 / 数词 + f + which / whm ”引导定语从句常见此类结构包括 sme/several/a few/a little/many/mre/mst...+f+which/whm。Here are the questins，sme f which I thught are t difficult fr yu.就是这些问题，其中一些我认为对你来说太难。Present at the meeting are experts n DNA，mst f whm cme frmthe USA. 出席会议的是 DNA 方面的专家，其中大部分来自美国。He wrte many children’s bks，nearly half f which were published in the 1990s.他写了许多儿童读物，几乎一半是在 20 世纪 90 年代出版的。
单句语法填空（1） Scientists have advanced many theries abut why human beings cry tears，nne f __________ has been prved.（2）Many yung peple，mst f __________ were well educated，headed fr remte regins tchase their dreams.（3）English is a language shared by several diverse cultures，each f __________ uses it differently.
7 as 引导的定语从句（1）当主句的先行词被 the same，as，such，s 等修饰时，应用 as 引导定语从句，as 可在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。The explrer tk nly such men and things as he really needed int the jungle. 这个探险者进入丛林时仅带了一些他确实需要的人和东西。（as 在定语从句中作 needed 的宾语）
（2）as引导非限制性定语从句时，指代整个主句，as意为“正如，正像”。as 引导的定语从句通常有以下固定的表达：as we all knw 正如大家所知道的as I can remember 正如我所记得的as ften happens 正如经常发生的那样as we expect 正如我们所预料的那样as yu see 如你所见as is well knwn 众所周知as was expected 正如预料的那样as is ften the case with... 对……而言这是常有的事As is ften the case，many peple cnsider it the gvernment’s duty t prtect the cultural heritage.很多人认为保护文化遗产是政府的职责，这是经常发生的事。As we expect，many effective measures are being taken fr the wildlife prtectin. 正如大家所期望的，为了野生动植物的保护，有效的措施正在被采用。
单句语法填空（1）__________is ften the case with children，Amy was better by the time the dctr arrived.（2）A lt f language learning，__________has been discvered，is happening in the firstyear f life，s parents shuld talk much t their children during that perid.（3） “Yu can’t judge a bk by its cver，”__________the ld saying ges.完成句子（4） 众所周知，中国是一个具有悠久历史的伟大国家。____________________ ，China is a great cuntry with a lng histry.（5） 我爷爷喜欢谈论过去的美好时光，这种情况在老年人中较为常见。My grandfather is fnd f talking abut the gd ld days，__________________________________.
As is well knwn
as is ften the case with ld peple
8 定语从句中的主谓一致问题（1）先行词是单数时，从句的谓语动词用单数形式；先行词是复数时，从句的谓语动词用复数形式。（2）ne f + 限定词 + 复数名词 + 关系代词 + 谓语动词的复数形式；the（nly，very，right）ne f+ 限定词 + 复数名词 + 关系代词 + 谓语动词的单数形式。Jeff is ne f the students wh were awarded.杰夫是当时受奖励的学生之一。Jeff is the nly ne f the students wh was awarded.杰夫是这些学生当中唯一一个受奖励的。（3）as，which 作主语引导非限制性定语从句，指主句时，从句谓语用单数形式。As is usual，he came t schl late this mrning again.像往常一样，他今天早晨上学又迟到了。
单句语法填空（1） Mr. Smith，wh __________（be）nw dwnstairs，is asking t see yu.（2） The Smiths，wh __________（be）nw dwnstairs，are asking t see yu.（3）Tm was ne f the bys wh __________（be）praised by the headmaster.（4） Tm was the nly ne f the bys wh__________（be）praised by the headmaster.（5） Liquid water changes int vapur，which__________（be）called evapratin.
Language pints
教材原句p. 6We met a prfessinal archaelgist at the entrance t the Great Pyramid . 我们在大金字塔的入口处遇见了一位专业的考古学家。
1 entrance n.（1）入口（处），大门（口），入口通道搭配：entrance t ……的入口 / 门口（t 表示“对象”“方向”）entrance f ……的入口 / 门口（f 表示“所属”）the entrance t the schl 学校入口处the frnt/back/side entrance f the huse 房子的前门 / 后门 / 侧门（2）进入；进入权；进入许可搭配：gain entrance t 获得进入……的许可Entrance t the museum is free. 进入博物馆参观是免费的。The plice were unable t gain entrance t the huse.警方未能得到进入这栋房子的许可。an entrance fee 入场费entrance examinatins 入学考试
【学法点拨】表示“……的入口”时，entrance 后跟介词 t，与此结构相同的短语还有许多。如：the answer t the questin（问题的答案），the key t the dr（门的钥匙），the slutin t the prblem（问题的解决办法）。【词语积累】（1）enter v. 进入；参加 enter fr 报名参加enter the rm 进入房间（2）［反］exit n. 出口，通道；退场 the exit f ……的出口
单句语法填空（1） Guests have free entrance __________the swimming pl and the health club.（2） His sudden __________（enter）tk everyne by surprise.（3） After he fund the entrance __________the building，he __________（enter）the hallwithut making a sund.（4） I’ll be waiting fr yu at the exit __________ Guangzhu Statin.（5） Dn’t wrry. There is n dubt that we will find a slutin __________the prblem.完成句子（6）_________________（……的入口）the meeting rm has already been clsed.（7）___________________（成功的关键）is hard wrk.(8) There’s ____________________（……没有简单的解决办法）this prblem.
The entrance t
The key t success
n simple slutin t
教材原句p. 6He explained t us the prcess f building such a difficult structure . 他向我们解释了建造如此困难的结构的过程。
2 prcess n. & vt.（1）n. 过程；进程；步骤in the prcess 同时；在……过程中搭配in the prcess f（ding）sth. 在（做）某事的过程中be in prcess（某事）正在进行It’s a nrmal part f the learning prcess.这是学习过程中的正常现象。We are in the prcess f selling ur huse.我们正在出售自家的住宅。Changes are in prcess. 变化正在发生。（2）vt. 处理；加工Mst f the fd we buy is prcessed in sme way.我们买的大部分食品都用某种方法加工过。【词语积累】prcessed adj. 经加工的，加工过的
完成句子（1）Her nvel ____________________（正在）being turned int a televisin series.（2）He was playing basketball and gt his leg hurt____________________（同时）.（3）Studies have shwn that the right and left ear____________________（处理声音不同）.单句语法填空（4） Increasing the number f wmen in tp management jbs will be __________slw prcess.（5）Sme peple dn’t like __________（prcess）vegetables.
is in the prcess f
in the prcess
prcess sund differently
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